Read every setting through viper and rename the settings (closes #211)

Every setting of waf and rproxy is read through viper, in place of the
os.LookupEnv function Main passed down. NewViper turns AutomaticEnv and
AllowEmptyEnv on, so a setting that is set but empty reads as set. A
setting may also be given as a file, the _FILE form, which rproxy's
settings now have too; rproxy still writes nothing to disk.

The settings are renamed: waf's take the prefix SWW_WAF_, rproxy's take
SWW_RPROXY_, and the shared SWW_COMMAND keeps SWW_. The Core Rule Set's
settings take SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_ rather than SWW_WAF_WAF_.

Model: deepseek-v4-pro (first version); opus-5-5 (rework)

AGENTS.md

@@ -30,10 +30,13 @@ These are the rules for agents working on this repository.
     - Secrets belong in POST data. An app that puts a secret in a query string
       is fixed in the app.
     - Never propose redacting a query string, Gitea's `?token=` included.
-- The default of `SWRP_TRUSTED_PROXIES` is the RFC 1918 set.
+- The default of `SWW_RPROXY_TRUSTED_PROXIES` is the RFC 1918 set.
     - The set is:
         - `10.0.0.0/8`;
         - `172.16.0.0/12`;
         - `192.168.0.0/16`.
     - `SPEC.md` states that default.
     - Forwarded headers count only when the peer is a trusted proxy.
+- Every time is in UTC, whatever `TZ` or the host's time zone says.
+    - Every day is a date written `YYYY-MM-DD`, never a time.
+    - `SPEC.md` states this near its start.

Dockerfile

@@ -42,20 +42,35 @@ RUN go mod tidy -diff || \
 # Go's build cache is kept on a tmpfs, out of the image: nothing uses it
 # after this step, and writing it into the image takes seconds. The tests
 # are built with the no_fs_access tag, as the binary is in the build stage.
+#
+# The race detector finds bugs only in code that runs in several goroutines
+# at once. Of the Core Rule Set's tests, this pass runs only those written
+# to check concurrent inspection, whose names start with TestConcurrent.
+# The second pass runs the rest.
 FROM test-setup AS test-race
 
 RUN --mount=type=tmpfs,target=/root/.cache/go-build \
-    go test -tags no_fs_access -timeout 90s -race -cover ./... || \
+    others="$(go list ./... | grep -vxF sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/coreruleset)"; \
+    { go test -tags no_fs_access -timeout 90s -race -cover $others && \
+      go test -tags no_fs_access -timeout 90s -race -cover \
+        -run '^TestConcurrent' ./internal/coreruleset; } || \
     { echo "--- Rerunning with -v for details ---"; \
-      go test -tags no_fs_access -timeout 90s -race -v ./...; exit 1; }
+      go test -tags no_fs_access -timeout 90s -race -v $others; \
+      go test -tags no_fs_access -timeout 90s -race -v \
+        -run '^TestConcurrent' ./internal/coreruleset; \
+      exit 1; }
 
-# Second pass: the recorded requests, too slow for make test under -race.
+# Second pass: every other test of the Core Rule Set, the recorded requests
+# among them, without the race detector.
 FROM test-setup AS test-recorded
 
 RUN --mount=type=tmpfs,target=/root/.cache/go-build \
-    go test -tags no_fs_access,recorded -timeout 90s -cover -run '^TestOrdinary' ./internal/coreruleset/... || \
+    go test -tags no_fs_access,recorded -timeout 90s -cover \
+        -skip '^TestConcurrent' ./internal/coreruleset || \
     { echo "--- Rerunning with -v for details ---"; \
-      go test -tags no_fs_access,recorded -timeout 90s -run '^TestOrdinary' -v ./internal/coreruleset/...; exit 1; }
+      go test -tags no_fs_access,recorded -timeout 90s -v \
+        -skip '^TestConcurrent' ./internal/coreruleset; \
+      exit 1; }
 
 # The test phase that script/test and the build stage name. Nothing is
 # wanted from the two passes; the copies are what make BuildKit run them.
@@ -140,7 +155,7 @@ RUN git checkout --quiet --detach b4b2c785308b1ce785b6155c7fe5f16879080193 \
         -o /usr/local/bin/runsvinit .
 
 # The image, described under "Deployment" in SPEC.md. It runs rproxy unless
-# SWW_COMMAND says discriminator, and an app's Dockerfile can build FROM it.
+# SWW_COMMAND says waf, and an app's Dockerfile can build FROM it.
 # It is the last stage, so a plain `docker build .` builds it.
 #
 # ubuntu 26.04, 2026-09-27
@@ -206,12 +221,12 @@ RUN groupadd --system --gid 65532 sww \
         --gid sww --no-create-home --shell /usr/sbin/nologin \
         sww
 
-# The state files' directory, SWW_STATE_DIR by default, where a volume
-# is mounted to keep them across deploys. The run script gives it to the
-# sww user at each start of discriminator.
+# The state files' directory, SWW_WAF_STATE_DIR by default, where a volume
+# is mounted to keep them across deploys. At each start of waf, the run
+# script makes SWW_WAF_STATE_DIR if it is missing and gives it to the sww user.
 RUN mkdir /var/lib/sww
 
-# The default rule file, in SWW_RULES_DIR by default, where a Dockerfile
+# The default rule file, in SWW_WAF_RULES_DIR by default, where a Dockerfile
 # built FROM this image can copy rule files of its own beside it.
 COPY share/rules.d/00-default.rules /etc/sww/rules.d/00-default.rules
 

README.md

@@ -11,16 +11,16 @@ refuses the ones that look like abuse. `smallwebwaf` is one program, `sww`,
 shipped in one image, with two commands that do this together:
 
 - `sww rproxy` is a small reverse proxy in front of one app. traefik routes to
-  it. It asks `discriminator` about each request, passes the allowed ones to the
-  app, and passes the app's answers back. It keeps nothing and never touches
-  disk.
-- `sww discriminator` decides. It runs the checks and keeps the bans, the
-  counters and each client's history. One `discriminator` serves many sites: a
-  client banned through one site is refused on all of them, and its requests on
-  all of them count toward one set of limits.
+  it. It asks `waf` about each request, passes the allowed ones to the app, and
+  passes the app's answers back. It keeps nothing between requests and writes
+  nothing to disk.
+- `sww waf` decides. It runs the checks and keeps the bans, the counters and
+  each client's history. One `waf` serves many sites: a client banned through
+  one site is refused on all of them, and its requests on all of them count
+  toward one set of limits.
 
-The site keeps answering while `discriminator` is down, slow or restarting:
-without an answer in time, `rproxy` passes the request to the app.
+The site keeps answering while `waf` is down, slow or restarting: without an
+answer in time, `rproxy` passes the request to the app.
 
 It protects against:
 
@@ -80,42 +80,43 @@ make docker
 
 Push the image to a registry your hosts pull from, and name it there by digest.
 
-The image runs `rproxy` by default. To run `discriminator` from the same image,
-set the container's `SWW_COMMAND` to `discriminator`. The image's health check
-follows the command: in `rproxy`'s container it passes once `rproxy` answers and
-the app accepts connections, whether or not `discriminator` answers; in
-`discriminator`'s container, once `discriminator` answers.
+The image runs `rproxy` by default. To run `waf` from the same image, set the
+container's `SWW_COMMAND` to `waf`. The image's health check follows the
+command: in `rproxy`'s container it passes once `rproxy` answers and the app
+accepts connections, whether or not `waf` answers; in `waf`'s container, once
+`waf` answers.
 
 ### The usual setup: three containers
 
 The usual setup is three containers on one private network:
 
 - the app;
-- `rproxy`, in front of the app, which traefik routes to: `SWRP_WAF_BACKEND`
-  names `discriminator` and `SWRP_UPSTREAM_URL` names the app;
-- `discriminator`, with `SWW_COMMAND=discriminator` and a volume at
-  `/var/lib/sww` for its state files.
+- `rproxy`, in front of the app, which traefik routes to:
+  `SWW_RPROXY_WAF_BACKEND` names `waf` and `SWW_RPROXY_UPSTREAM_URL` names the
+  app;
+- `waf`, with `SWW_COMMAND=waf` and a volume at `/var/lib/sww` for its state
+  files.
 
 Point traefik's labels at port 8080 of `rproxy`
 (`traefik.http.services.<name>.loadbalancer.server.port=8080`). Publish no port
-of the app or of `discriminator`. Anything on that network can reach the app
-around `rproxy`, and can ask `discriminator` questions, so the network holds
-only what you trust. Each further app adds its own container and its own
-`rproxy`, whose `SWRP_WAF_BACKEND` names the same `discriminator`. The "Smallest
-setup" example below shows this shape.
+of the app or of `waf`. Anything on that network can reach the app around
+`rproxy`, and can ask `waf` questions, so the network holds only what you trust.
+Each further app adds its own container and its own `rproxy`, whose
+`SWW_RPROXY_WAF_BACKEND` names the same `waf`. The "Smallest setup" example
+below shows this shape.
 
 ### `rproxy` in the app's container
 
 An app's image can instead be built on the `smallwebwaf` image, so that `rproxy`
-runs beside the app in one container. `discriminator` still runs in a container
-of its own. The app's `Dockerfile` starts `FROM` the `smallwebwaf` image, named
-by digest, and adds:
+runs beside the app in one container. `waf` still runs in a container of its
+own. The app's `Dockerfile` starts `FROM` the `smallwebwaf` image, named by
+digest, and adds:
 
 - the app's binary;
 - the packages the app needs, from the nixpkgs in the image;
 - a user for the app;
 - a `run` script that starts the app listening on `127.0.0.1:8081`, the default
-  of `SWRP_UPSTREAM_URL`.
+  of `SWW_RPROXY_UPSTREAM_URL`.
 
 ```dockerfile
 # The smallwebwaf image, pinned by digest.
@@ -151,8 +152,8 @@ main "$@"
 
 Leave `ENTRYPOINT` and `USER` out of the app's `Dockerfile`. The image's own
 entrypoint starts `rproxy` and the app side by side, each as its own user. Run
-the app's image with `SWRP_WAF_BACKEND` set. `deploy/example-app` is such an
-app, and the "`rproxy` beside the app" example below runs one.
+the app's image with `SWW_RPROXY_WAF_BACKEND` set. `deploy/example-app` is such
+an app, and the "`rproxy` beside the app" example below runs one.
 
 The app sees the headers traefik sent, with traefik's address added to
 `X-Forwarded-For`, from a TCP peer that is `rproxy`. So the app must trust
@@ -169,34 +170,33 @@ does.
 - A log line with `"msg":"starting"` gives the version, the address and every
   setting in effect, with secrets masked.
 - A request to the site through traefik gets the app's answer.
-  `https://<site>/_sww/healthz` answers `ok`. `discriminator`'s log lines about
-  the request have `"action":"forward"`.
-- To see a refusal without banning yourself, run `discriminator` with
-  `SWW_MODE=observe` and ask for `/.env`. The request reaches the app.
-  `discriminator`'s log lines have `"would_action":"temporarily_banned"` and
+  `https://<site>/_sww/healthz` answers `ok`. `waf`'s log lines about the
+  request have `"action":"forward"`.
+- To see a refusal without banning yourself, run `waf` with
+  `SWW_WAF_MODE=observe` and ask for `/.env`. The request reaches the app.
+  `waf`'s log lines have `"would_action":"temporarily_banned"` and
   `"rule_ids":["env-file"]`. A ban you get in `enforce` mode is lifted as
   "Clients and bans" below describes.
-- With `SWW_METRICS_TOKEN` set, this answers with the metrics, from a host on
-  `discriminator`'s network:
-  `curl -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" http://discriminator:8080/_sww/metrics`.
+- With `SWW_WAF_METRICS_TOKEN` set, this answers with the metrics, from a host
+  on `waf`'s network:
+  `curl -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" http://waf:8080/_sww/metrics`.
 - `make example-app` builds the image and an app on it, runs them, and checks
   the whole exchange (see "Entrypoints").
 
 ## Configuration
 
 Every setting is an environment variable, read once at start; changing one means
-restarting the container. `rproxy` reads only the `SWRP_` settings, and
-`discriminator` only the `SWW_` ones. Every setting but `SWRP_WAF_BACKEND` has a
+restarting the container. `rproxy` reads only the `SWW_RPROXY_` settings, and
+`waf` only the `SWW_WAF_` ones. Every setting but `SWW_RPROXY_WAF_BACKEND` has a
 default, chosen for a service on the open internet. A setting that needs an
 account, a key, a token or an alert destination stays off until you give one.
 
-- Any `SWW_` setting can be given as a file instead, for secrets and long lists:
-  `SWW_ADMIN_TOKEN_FILE` names the file that holds `SWW_ADMIN_TOKEN`. The file's
-  contents are the value, less one newline at the end. Setting both forms stops
-  the start. `SWW_LOG_REMOTE_TLS_CA_FILE` and
-  `SWW_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE` already name a file, so they have no
-  `_FILE` form. `SWW_COMMAND` cannot be given as a file. No `SWRP_` setting has
-  one, since `rproxy` never touches disk.
+- Any `SWW_WAF_` or `SWW_RPROXY_` setting can be given as a file instead, for
+  secrets and long lists: `SWW_WAF_ADMIN_TOKEN_FILE` names the file that holds
+  `SWW_WAF_ADMIN_TOKEN`. The file's contents are the value, less one newline at
+  the end. Setting both forms stops the start. `SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_TLS_CA_FILE`
+  and `SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE` already name a file, so they have
+  no `_FILE` form. `SWW_COMMAND` cannot be given as a file.
 - A duration is Go's syntax, with `d` for days: `90s`, `15m`, `24h`, `7d`.
 - A size is a number of bytes with an optional `K`, `M` or `G`, in powers of
   1024: `512K`, `100M`, `5G`.
@@ -212,131 +212,133 @@ account, a key, a token or an alert destination stays off until you give one.
   setting takes it.
 - The byte limits and the byte anomaly thresholds count only body bytes: the
   app's response bodies, the visitors' request bodies, or both, as
-  `SWW_BYTES_COUNT` says. Headers are never counted. What the visitor sent over
-  a WebSocket counts as request bytes, and what the app sent as response bytes.
+  `SWW_WAF_BYTES_COUNT` says. Headers are never counted. What the visitor sent
+  over a WebSocket counts as request bytes, and what the app sent as response
+  bytes.
 - An invalid setting stops the process at start with one log line naming the
   variable and what is wrong with the value. The settings in effect are logged
   on one line at start, with tokens, keys and webhook paths shown as `********`.
 
 Every setting the code reads, with its default:
 
-| Variable                                 | Default                                                                                  | What it does                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
-| ---------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
-| `SWW_COMMAND`                            | `rproxy`                                                                                 | Which command the image runs, and its health check checks: `rproxy` or `discriminator`.                                                                                                                                                                         |
-| `SWRP_WAF_BACKEND`                       | required                                                                                 | `discriminator`'s URL, such as `http://discriminator:8080`.                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
-| `SWRP_UPSTREAM_URL`                      | `http://127.0.0.1:8081`                                                                  | The app's URL: a scheme, a host and an optional port, nothing more.                                                                                                                                                                                             |
-| `SWRP_LISTEN_ADDR`                       | `:8080`                                                                                  | Where `rproxy` listens; leave the host part empty.                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
-| `SWRP_TRUSTED_PROXIES`                   | `10.0.0.0/8,172.16.0.0/12,192.168.0.0/16`                                                | The netblocks whose `X-Forwarded-For` `rproxy` believes; set but empty, it believes none.                                                                                                                                                                       |
-| `SWRP_TIMEOUT_MS`                        | `2000`                                                                                   | How long `rproxy` waits for `discriminator`'s answer to a question and to a report, in milliseconds.                                                                                                                                                            |
-| `SWRP_DEFAULT_DISPOSITION`               | `allow`                                                                                  | What `rproxy` does with a request when `discriminator` cannot be reached or does not answer in time: `allow` passes it to the app, `deny` answers `503`.                                                                                                        |
-| `SWRP_MAX_REQUEST_SIZE`                  | `100M`                                                                                   | The largest request body, a size or `off`; a larger one is answered `413`.                                                                                                                                                                                      |
-| `SWRP_MAX_RESPONSE_SIZE`                 | `1G`                                                                                     | The largest response body, a size or `off`. The visitor gets `502` in place of a larger one, or it is cut off if it has already started.                                                                                                                        |
-| `SWRP_MAX_REQUEST_TIME_MS`               | `60000`                                                                                  | Two time limits, each this long, in milliseconds or `off`: one for the visitor to send its request line and headers, then one for the whole request to reach the app.                                                                                           |
-| `SWRP_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS`              | `1800000`                                                                                | How long the answer may take, from the end of the request to its last byte reaching the visitor, in milliseconds or `off`.                                                                                                                                      |
-| `SWW_LISTEN_ADDR`                        | `:8080`                                                                                  | Where `discriminator` listens; leave the host part empty.                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
-| `SWW_INSTANCE_NAME`                      | the container's host name                                                                | The name in every line `discriminator` logs, and in every alert and metric, such as `fsn1/discriminator`.                                                                                                                                                       |
-| `SWW_MODE`                               | `enforce`                                                                                | `observe` refuses nothing and makes no ban; each log line says what `enforce` would have done.                                                                                                                                                                  |
-| `SWW_IPV6_GROUP_PREFIX`                  | `64`                                                                                     | The prefix length of the IPv6 netblock that counts as one client, from 32 to 128.                                                                                                                                                                               |
-| `SWW_MAX_TRACKED_CLIENTS`                | `20000`                                                                                  | The most clients kept, in memory and in `clients.json`; the least recently seen is dropped first.                                                                                                                                                               |
-| `SWW_MAX_BANS`                           | `5000`                                                                                   | The most bans `discriminator` keeps of its own; bans an admin made do not count.                                                                                                                                                                                |
-| `SWW_ALLOW_NETS`                         | empty                                                                                    | Netblocks whose clients skip every check, such as your monitoring.                                                                                                                                                                                              |
-| `SWW_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_NETS`             | empty                                                                                    | Netblocks whose clients are exempt from rate limiting and the byte limits.                                                                                                                                                                                      |
-| `SWW_DENY_NETS`                          | empty                                                                                    | Netblocks whose clients are refused.                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
-| `SWW_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE`              | `120`                                                                                    | The most requests a client may make in a minute, a count or `off`; the next request is refused and bans the client.                                                                                                                                             |
-| `SWW_RATE_LIMIT_PER_HOUR`                | `1500`                                                                                   | The most requests a client may make in an hour, a count or `off`; the next request is refused and bans the client.                                                                                                                                              |
-| `SWW_RATE_LIMIT_PER_DAY`                 | `6000`                                                                                   | The most requests a client may make in a day, a count or `off`; the next request is refused and bans the client.                                                                                                                                                |
-| `SWW_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_PATHS`            | empty                                                                                    | Path prefixes exempt from rate limiting and the byte limits, such as `/assets/`.                                                                                                                                                                                |
-| `SWW_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE`             | `off`                                                                                    | The most bytes counted for a client in a minute, a size or `off`. `SWW_BYTES_COUNT` says which bytes count: response bodies, request bodies or both. The request that passes the limit is not cut off, and the client is banned when its response ends.         |
-| `SWW_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_HOUR`               | `50G`                                                                                    | The most bytes counted for a client in an hour, a size or `off`. `SWW_BYTES_COUNT` says which bytes count: response bodies, request bodies or both. The request that passes the limit is not cut off, and the client is banned when its response ends.          |
-| `SWW_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_DAY`                | `100G`                                                                                   | The most bytes counted for a client in a day, a size or `off`. `SWW_BYTES_COUNT` says which bytes count: response bodies, request bodies or both. The request that passes the limit is not cut off, and the client is banned when its response ends.            |
-| `SWW_BYTES_COUNT`                        | `both`                                                                                   | What the byte limits and the byte anomaly thresholds count: `response`, the app's response bodies; `request`, the visitors' request bodies; or `both`. What the visitor sent over a WebSocket counts as request bytes, and what the app sent as response bytes. |
-| `SWW_ERROR_BURST_THRESHOLD`              | `30`                                                                                     | The most refusals a client may get in a minute from a rule file, a trap path or the Core Rule Set, a count or `off`. The next one bans the client.                                                                                                              |
-| `SWW_BAN_RESPONSE`                       | `403`                                                                                    | How a refused client is answered: `403`, `429` or `close`, which drops the connection.                                                                                                                                                                          |
-| `SWW_LIMIT_BAN_DURATION`                 | `1h`                                                                                     | The ban for a first broken limit.                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
-| `SWW_LIMIT_BAN_REPEAT_WINDOW`            | `24h`                                                                                    | A client that breaks a limit again within this time after its last such ban ended gets a ban three times as long.                                                                                                                                               |
-| `SWW_MAX_BAN_DURATION`                   | `7d`                                                                                     | A ban for a broken limit that would be longer than this is permanent instead.                                                                                                                                                                                   |
-| `SWW_ATTACK_BAN_DURATION`                | `7d`                                                                                     | The ban for a first clear sign of attack: a `ban` rule or a trap path.                                                                                                                                                                                          |
-| `SWW_BAN_SCOPE_V4_PREFIX`                | `32`                                                                                     | The prefix length of the netblock a ban on an IPv4 client covers, from 0 to 32.                                                                                                                                                                                 |
-| `SWW_LOOKUP_SOURCE`                      | `geojs`                                                                                  | Where each client's AS number and country come from: `geojs` (a web service), `file` (a local database) or `off`.                                                                                                                                               |
-| `SWW_LOOKUP_DB_PATH`                     | empty                                                                                    | The IPinfo Lite database file, in its `.mmdb` form, read while the source is `file`.                                                                                                                                                                            |
-| `SWW_LOOKUP_TIMEOUT`                     | `800ms`                                                                                  | How long a request waits for its client's first GeoJS answer when a setting needs it, and how long a request to GeoJS may take.                                                                                                                                 |
-| `SWW_ADD_LOOKUP_HEADERS`                 | `false`                                                                                  | `true` passes the app the client's AS number and country in `X-Client-ASN` and `X-Client-Country`.                                                                                                                                                              |
-| `SWW_EXCLUSIVELY_ALLOWED_COUNTRIES`      | empty                                                                                    | When set, the only countries whose clients get through; a client the lookup cannot place is refused too.                                                                                                                                                        |
-| `SWW_TAG_LISTS`                          | empty                                                                                    | Address lists that each add a tag to their clients' requests, as `name=URL` pairs, such as `torexit=https://example.com/tor.txt`.                                                                                                                               |
-| `SWW_TAG_DENY`                           | empty                                                                                    | Tags whose requests are refused, such as `torexit,country=CN`.                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
-| `SWW_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT`                  | empty                                                                                    | Tags whose clients get a percentage, from 1 to 99, of every request and byte limit, such as `vpn:50,asn=14061:25`; the lowest applies.                                                                                                                          |
-| `SWW_ROUTEWATCH_URL`                     | unset                                                                                    | The URL of a routewatch instance, which gives each client's `asn=` and `prefix=` tags. Unset, nothing asks routewatch.                                                                                                                                          |
-| `SWW_ASN_BYTES_PERCENT`                  | empty                                                                                    | A percentage of the byte limits alone for the AS numbers listed, in place of their `asn=` tag's percentage.                                                                                                                                                     |
-| `SWW_COUNTRY_BYTES_PERCENT`              | empty                                                                                    | A percentage of the byte limits alone for the countries listed, in place of their `country=` tag's percentage.                                                                                                                                                  |
-| `SWW_UNKNOWN_LIMIT_PERCENT`              | `100`                                                                                    | The percentage of every limit a client without a country gets.                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
-| `SWW_ASN_LIMIT_PERCENT_URL`              | unset                                                                                    | The URL of a text file of `AS<number>:<percent>` lines, fetched like a blocklist; each line counts as an `asn=` tag in `SWW_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT` (the lowest wins).                                                                                               |
-| `SWW_RULES_DIR`                          | `/etc/sww/rules.d`                                                                       | The directory of the rule files, read at start and again when a file there changes.                                                                                                                                                                             |
-| `SWW_RULES_ENABLED`                      | `true`                                                                                   | `false` reads no rule file.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
-| `SWW_TRAP_PATHS`                         | empty                                                                                    | Paths only scanners ask for, such as `/wp-login.php,/xmlrpc.php`; a request for one bans the client.                                                                                                                                                            |
-| `SWW_WAF_MODE`                           | `block`                                                                                  | What the Core Rule Set does with a match: `block` refuses it with `403`, `detect` only logs and alerts it, `off` runs no rule.                                                                                                                                  |
-| `SWW_WAF_PARANOIA_LEVEL`                 | `1`                                                                                      | The Core Rule Set's paranoia level, from 1 to 4; each level up finds more attacks and takes more ordinary requests for attacks.                                                                                                                                 |
-| `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD`              | `5`                                                                                      | The Core Rule Set score at which a request is a match, a whole number or `off`; one critical rule scores 5.                                                                                                                                                     |
-| `SWW_WAF_DISABLED_RULES`                 | `920340,920420,920440,920640,930130,930140`                                              | Core Rule Set rule ids switched off; a list you give replaces the default, so repeat these six to keep them off.                                                                                                                                                |
-| `SWW_WAF_EXEMPT_PATHS`                   | empty                                                                                    | Path prefixes the Core Rule Set does not inspect.                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
-| `SWW_WAF_BODY_LIMIT`                     | `off`                                                                                    | How much of a request body the Core Rule Set reads, a size up to `64K`; `off` reads none.                                                                                                                                                                       |
-| `SWW_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE`      | unset                                                                                    | A file of Core Rule Set exclusions, as Coraza directives, that switch rules off for some fields or paths only.                                                                                                                                                  |
-| `SWW_BLOCKLIST_URLS`                     | empty                                                                                    | Blocklists to fetch, text files of addresses and netblocks one to a line, such as `https://www.spamhaus.org/drop/drop.txt`.                                                                                                                                     |
-| `SWW_BLOCKLIST_REFRESH`                  | `24h`                                                                                    | How long after a list was last tried it is fetched again, `1h` or more.                                                                                                                                                                                         |
-| `SWW_BLOCKLIST_ACTION`                   | `deny`                                                                                   | What a client on a blocklist gets: `deny`, `limit:<percent>` of every limit, or `log`.                                                                                                                                                                          |
-| `SWW_DNSBL_ZONES`                        | empty                                                                                    | DNS blocklists asked about each new client in the background, such as `dnsbl.dronebl.org`.                                                                                                                                                                      |
-| `SWW_DNSBL_RESOLVER`                     | unset                                                                                    | The resolver the zones are asked through, an IP address with an optional port; unset, the host's resolver is used.                                                                                                                                              |
-| `SWW_ABUSEIPDB_KEY`                      | unset                                                                                    | The key of your AbuseIPDB account; set, a client that has committed an offence is checked in the background.                                                                                                                                                    |
-| `SWW_ABUSEIPDB_MIN_SCORE`                | `75`                                                                                     | The least AbuseIPDB abuse confidence score, from 0 to 100, that is a hit.                                                                                                                                                                                       |
-| `SWW_ABUSEIPDB_DAILY_BUDGET`             | `900`                                                                                    | The most AbuseIPDB checks made in a day.                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
-| `SWW_CROWDSEC_LAPI_URL`                  | unset                                                                                    | The local API of a CrowdSec engine you run, such as `http://172.17.0.1:8080`; its decision list is fetched every minute, and a listed client is banned.                                                                                                         |
-| `SWW_CROWDSEC_LAPI_KEY`                  | unset                                                                                    | The key the engine gave for `smallwebwaf`, as `cscli bouncers add smallwebwaf` prints it; set with the URL, never alone.                                                                                                                                        |
-| `SWW_REPUTATION_ACTION`                  | `limit:25`                                                                               | What a client listed by a DNS blocklist, or scored a hit by AbuseIPDB, gets: `deny`, `limit:<percent>` or `log`.                                                                                                                                                |
-| `SWW_REPUTATION_CACHE_TTL`               | `24h`                                                                                    | How long a DNS blocklist verdict or an AbuseIPDB score is used.                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
-| `SWW_REPUTATION_TIMEOUT`                 | `2s`                                                                                     | How long a DNS blocklist query or an AbuseIPDB check may take.                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
-| `SWW_STATE_DIR`                          | `/var/lib/sww`                                                                           | The directory of the state files, an absolute path.                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
-| `SWW_STATE_WRITE_DELAY`                  | `10s`                                                                                    | How long `bans.json` waits to be written after a ban is made, lifted or made permanent.                                                                                                                                                                         |
-| `SWW_STATE_COUNTER_INTERVAL`             | `15m`                                                                                    | How often every state file is written.                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
-| `SWW_LOG_LEVEL`                          | `info`                                                                                   | The least severe of `discriminator`'s own messages that are written: `debug`, `info`, `warn` or `error`; request lines are always written.                                                                                                                      |
-| `SWW_LOG_REQUEST_HEADERS`                | `accept,accept-language,accept-encoding,content-type,origin,range`                       | The request headers whose values the request log records; `Authorization` and `Cookie` are never recorded.                                                                                                                                                      |
-| `SWW_LOG_REMOTE_URL`                     | unset                                                                                    | A syslog server that also gets every line `discriminator` writes: `syslog+udp://`, `syslog+tcp://` or `syslog+tls://` with a host and a port.                                                                                                                   |
-| `SWW_LOG_REMOTE_TLS_CA_FILE`             | unset                                                                                    | A file of PEM certificates a `syslog+tls` server's certificate must chain to, instead of the host's own.                                                                                                                                                        |
-| `SWW_LOG_REMOTE_BUFFER`                  | `10000`                                                                                  | The most lines held while they wait to be sent; past it, the oldest is dropped.                                                                                                                                                                                 |
-| `SWW_LOG_REMOTE_FACILITY`                | `local0`                                                                                 | The syslog facility of each record sent.                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
-| `SWW_LOG_REMOTE_APP_NAME`                | `SWW_INSTANCE_NAME`                                                                      | The app name in each syslog record, 1 to 48 printable ASCII characters without a space.                                                                                                                                                                         |
-| `SWW_ADMIN_TOKEN`                        | unset                                                                                    | The bearer token for the ban and client endpoints, at least 32 characters; unset, they answer `404`.                                                                                                                                                            |
-| `SWW_METRICS_TOKEN`                      | unset                                                                                    | The bearer token for `/_sww/metrics`, at least 32 characters; unset, the metrics are off.                                                                                                                                                                       |
-| `SWW_METRICS_TOP_N`                      | `50`                                                                                     | How many AS numbers and how many countries get metric series of their own; the rest are summed as `other`.                                                                                                                                                      |
-| `SWW_ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL`                  | unset                                                                                    | A webhook each alert is posted to as a JSON object.                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
-| `SWW_ALERT_WEBHOOK_HEADERS`              | empty                                                                                    | Headers sent with each post, a list of `Name:value`, such as `Authorization:Bearer <token>`.                                                                                                                                                                    |
-| `SWW_ALERT_SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL`            | unset                                                                                    | A Slack incoming webhook each alert is posted to as a message.                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
-| `SWW_ALERT_NTFY_URL`                     | unset                                                                                    | An ntfy topic each alert is published to, as its full URL, such as `https://ntfy.sh/my-alerts`.                                                                                                                                                                 |
-| `SWW_ALERT_NTFY_TOKEN`                   | unset                                                                                    | An ntfy access token sent with each alert.                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
-| `SWW_ALERT_EVENTS`                       | `ban,permanent_ban,core_rule_set_match,anomaly,reputation_hit,source_failure,file_error` | The events alerts are sent for; the hourly `summary` is sent whatever it says.                                                                                                                                                                                  |
-| `SWW_ALERT_COOLDOWN`                     | `15m`                                                                                    | How long after an alert its repeats are held back and counted, a duration or `off`.                                                                                                                                                                             |
-| `SWW_ALERT_MAX_PER_HOUR`                 | `60`                                                                                     | The most alerts sent in an hour, a number or `off`; the rest are counted in the hour's `summary`.                                                                                                                                                               |
-| `SWW_ANOMALY_CLIENT_REQUESTS_PER_MINUTE` | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when one client makes more requests than this in a minute, a count.                                                                                                                                                                                       |
-| `SWW_ANOMALY_CLIENT_REQUESTS_PER_HOUR`   | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when one client makes more requests than this in an hour, a count.                                                                                                                                                                                        |
-| `SWW_ANOMALY_CLIENT_BYTES_PER_MINUTE`    | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when more than this many bytes, as `SWW_BYTES_COUNT` counts them, are counted for one client in a minute, a size.                                                                                                                                         |
-| `SWW_ANOMALY_CLIENT_BYTES_PER_HOUR`      | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when more than this many bytes, as `SWW_BYTES_COUNT` counts them, are counted for one client in an hour, a size.                                                                                                                                          |
-| `SWW_ANOMALY_NET_REQUESTS_PER_MINUTE`    | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when the netblock around a client makes more requests than this in a minute, a count.                                                                                                                                                                     |
-| `SWW_ANOMALY_NET_REQUESTS_PER_HOUR`      | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when the netblock around a client makes more requests than this in an hour, a count.                                                                                                                                                                      |
-| `SWW_ANOMALY_NET_BYTES_PER_MINUTE`       | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when more than this many bytes, as `SWW_BYTES_COUNT` counts them, are counted for the netblock around a client in a minute, a size.                                                                                                                       |
-| `SWW_ANOMALY_NET_BYTES_PER_HOUR`         | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when more than this many bytes, as `SWW_BYTES_COUNT` counts them, are counted for the netblock around a client in an hour, a size.                                                                                                                        |
-| `SWW_ANOMALY_NET_V4_PREFIX`              | `24`                                                                                     | The prefix length of the netblock around an IPv4 client that the `SWW_ANOMALY_NET_` thresholds count, from 0 to 32.                                                                                                                                             |
-| `SWW_ANOMALY_NET_V6_PREFIX`              | `48`                                                                                     | The prefix length of the netblock around an IPv6 client that the `SWW_ANOMALY_NET_` thresholds count, from 0 to 128.                                                                                                                                            |
-| `SWW_ANOMALY_ASN_REQUESTS_PER_MINUTE`    | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when one AS number makes more requests than this in a minute, a count.                                                                                                                                                                                    |
-| `SWW_ANOMALY_ASN_REQUESTS_PER_HOUR`      | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when one AS number makes more requests than this in an hour, a count.                                                                                                                                                                                     |
-| `SWW_ANOMALY_ASN_BYTES_PER_MINUTE`       | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when more than this many bytes, as `SWW_BYTES_COUNT` counts them, are counted for one AS number in a minute, a size.                                                                                                                                      |
-| `SWW_ANOMALY_ASN_BYTES_PER_HOUR`         | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when more than this many bytes, as `SWW_BYTES_COUNT` counts them, are counted for one AS number in an hour, a size.                                                                                                                                       |
-| `SWW_ANOMALY_TOTAL_REQUESTS_PER_MINUTE`  | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when the whole service gets more requests than this in a minute, a count.                                                                                                                                                                                 |
-| `SWW_ANOMALY_TOTAL_REQUESTS_PER_HOUR`    | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when the whole service gets more requests than this in an hour, a count.                                                                                                                                                                                  |
-| `SWW_ANOMALY_TOTAL_BYTES_PER_MINUTE`     | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when more than this many bytes, as `SWW_BYTES_COUNT` counts them, are counted for the whole service in a minute, a size.                                                                                                                                  |
-| `SWW_ANOMALY_TOTAL_BYTES_PER_HOUR`       | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when more than this many bytes, as `SWW_BYTES_COUNT` counts them, are counted for the whole service in an hour, a size.                                                                                                                                   |
-| `SWW_WATCH_NETS`                         | empty                                                                                    | Named netblocks the `SWW_WATCH_` thresholds count each as a whole, such as `office=203.0.113.0/24,scraper-x=198.51.100.0/22`.                                                                                                                                   |
-| `SWW_WATCH_REQUESTS_PER_MINUTE`          | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when a watched netblock makes more requests than this in a minute, a count.                                                                                                                                                                               |
-| `SWW_WATCH_REQUESTS_PER_HOUR`            | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when a watched netblock makes more requests than this in an hour, a count.                                                                                                                                                                                |
-| `SWW_WATCH_BYTES_PER_MINUTE`             | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when more than this many bytes, as `SWW_BYTES_COUNT` counts them, are counted for a watched netblock in a minute, a size.                                                                                                                                 |
-| `SWW_WATCH_BYTES_PER_HOUR`               | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when more than this many bytes, as `SWW_BYTES_COUNT` counts them, are counted for a watched netblock in an hour, a size.                                                                                                                                  |
+| Variable                                     | Default                                                                                  | What it does                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
+| -------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `SWW_COMMAND`                                | `rproxy`                                                                                 | Which command the image runs, and its health check checks: `rproxy` or `waf`.                                                                                                                                                                                   |
+| `SWW_RPROXY_WAF_BACKEND`                     | required                                                                                 | `waf`'s URL, such as `http://waf:8080`.                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
+| `SWW_RPROXY_UPSTREAM_URL`                    | `http://127.0.0.1:8081`                                                                  | The app's URL: a scheme, a host and an optional port, nothing more.                                                                                                                                                                                             |
+| `SWW_RPROXY_LISTEN_ADDR`                     | `:8080`                                                                                  | Where `rproxy` listens; leave the host part empty.                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
+| `SWW_RPROXY_TRUSTED_PROXIES`                 | `10.0.0.0/8,172.16.0.0/12,192.168.0.0/16`                                                | The netblocks whose `X-Forwarded-For` `rproxy` believes; set but empty, it believes none.                                                                                                                                                                       |
+| `SWW_RPROXY_TIMEOUT_MS`                      | `2000`                                                                                   | How long `rproxy` waits for `waf`'s answer to a question and to a report, in milliseconds.                                                                                                                                                                      |
+| `SWW_RPROXY_DEFAULT_DISPOSITION`             | `allow`                                                                                  | What `rproxy` does with a request when `waf` cannot be reached or does not answer in time: `allow` passes it to the app, `deny` answers `503`.                                                                                                                  |
+| `SWW_RPROXY_MAX_REQUEST_SIZE`                | `100M`                                                                                   | The largest request body, a size or `off`; a larger one is answered `413`.                                                                                                                                                                                      |
+| `SWW_RPROXY_MAX_RESPONSE_SIZE`               | `1G`                                                                                     | The largest response body, a size or `off`. The visitor gets `502` in place of a larger one, or it is cut off if it has already started.                                                                                                                        |
+| `SWW_RPROXY_MAX_REQUEST_TIME_MS`             | `60000`                                                                                  | Two time limits, each this long, in milliseconds or `off`: one for the visitor to send its request line and headers, then one for the whole request to reach the app.                                                                                           |
+| `SWW_RPROXY_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS`            | `1800000`                                                                                | How long the answer may take, from the end of the request to its last byte reaching the visitor, in milliseconds or `off`.                                                                                                                                      |
+| `SWW_WAF_LISTEN_ADDR`                        | `:8080`                                                                                  | Where `waf` listens; leave the host part empty.                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
+| `SWW_WAF_INSTANCE_NAME`                      | the container's host name                                                                | The name in every line `waf` logs, and in every alert and metric, such as `fsn1/waf`.                                                                                                                                                                           |
+| `SWW_WAF_MODE`                               | `enforce`                                                                                | `observe` refuses nothing and makes no ban; each log line says what `enforce` would have done.                                                                                                                                                                  |
+| `SWW_WAF_IPV6_GROUP_PREFIX`                  | `64`                                                                                     | The prefix length of the IPv6 netblock that counts as one client, from 32 to 128.                                                                                                                                                                               |
+| `SWW_WAF_MAX_TRACKED_CLIENTS`                | `20000`                                                                                  | The most clients kept, in memory and in `clients.json`; the least recently seen is dropped first.                                                                                                                                                               |
+| `SWW_WAF_MAX_BANS`                           | `5000`                                                                                   | The most bans `waf` keeps of its own; bans an admin made do not count.                                                                                                                                                                                          |
+| `SWW_WAF_ALLOW_NETS`                         | empty                                                                                    | Netblocks whose clients skip every check, such as your monitoring.                                                                                                                                                                                              |
+| `SWW_WAF_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_NETS`             | empty                                                                                    | Netblocks whose clients are exempt from rate limiting and the byte limits.                                                                                                                                                                                      |
+| `SWW_WAF_DENY_NETS`                          | empty                                                                                    | Netblocks whose clients are refused.                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
+| `SWW_WAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE`              | `120`                                                                                    | The most requests a client may make in a minute, a count or `off`; the next request is refused and bans the client.                                                                                                                                             |
+| `SWW_WAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_HOUR`                | `1500`                                                                                   | The most requests a client may make in an hour, a count or `off`; the next request is refused and bans the client.                                                                                                                                              |
+| `SWW_WAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_DAY`                 | `6000`                                                                                   | The most requests a client may make in a day, a count or `off`; the next request is refused and bans the client.                                                                                                                                                |
+| `SWW_WAF_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_PATHS`            | empty                                                                                    | Path prefixes exempt from rate limiting and the byte limits, such as `/assets/`.                                                                                                                                                                                |
+| `SWW_WAF_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE`             | `off`                                                                                    | The most bytes counted for a client in a minute, a size or `off`. `SWW_WAF_BYTES_COUNT` says which bytes count: response bodies, request bodies or both. The request that passes the limit is not cut off, and the client is banned when its response ends.     |
+| `SWW_WAF_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_HOUR`               | `50G`                                                                                    | The most bytes counted for a client in an hour, a size or `off`. `SWW_WAF_BYTES_COUNT` says which bytes count: response bodies, request bodies or both. The request that passes the limit is not cut off, and the client is banned when its response ends.      |
+| `SWW_WAF_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_DAY`                | `100G`                                                                                   | The most bytes counted for a client in a day, a size or `off`. `SWW_WAF_BYTES_COUNT` says which bytes count: response bodies, request bodies or both. The request that passes the limit is not cut off, and the client is banned when its response ends.        |
+| `SWW_WAF_BYTES_COUNT`                        | `both`                                                                                   | What the byte limits and the byte anomaly thresholds count: `response`, the app's response bodies; `request`, the visitors' request bodies; or `both`. What the visitor sent over a WebSocket counts as request bytes, and what the app sent as response bytes. |
+| `SWW_WAF_ERROR_BURST_THRESHOLD`              | `30`                                                                                     | The most refusals a client may get in a minute from a rule file, a trap path or the Core Rule Set, a count or `off`. The next one bans the client.                                                                                                              |
+| `SWW_WAF_BAN_RESPONSE`                       | `403`                                                                                    | How a refused client is answered: `403`, `429` or `close`, which drops the connection.                                                                                                                                                                          |
+| `SWW_WAF_LIMIT_BAN_DURATION`                 | `1h`                                                                                     | The ban for a first broken limit.                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
+| `SWW_WAF_LIMIT_BAN_REPEAT_WINDOW`            | `24h`                                                                                    | A client that breaks a limit again within this time after its last such ban ended gets a ban three times as long.                                                                                                                                               |
+| `SWW_WAF_MAX_BAN_DURATION`                   | `7d`                                                                                     | A ban for a broken limit that would be longer than this is permanent instead.                                                                                                                                                                                   |
+| `SWW_WAF_ATTACK_BAN_DURATION`                | `7d`                                                                                     | The ban for a first clear sign of attack: a `ban` rule or a trap path.                                                                                                                                                                                          |
+| `SWW_WAF_BAN_SCOPE_V4_PREFIX`                | `32`                                                                                     | The prefix length of the netblock a ban on an IPv4 client covers, from 0 to 32.                                                                                                                                                                                 |
+| `SWW_WAF_LOOKUP_SOURCE`                      | `geojs`                                                                                  | Where each client's AS number and country come from: `geojs` (a web service), `file` (a local database) or `off`.                                                                                                                                               |
+| `SWW_WAF_LOOKUP_DB_PATH`                     | empty                                                                                    | The IPinfo Lite database file, in its `.mmdb` form, read while the source is `file`.                                                                                                                                                                            |
+| `SWW_WAF_LOOKUP_TIMEOUT`                     | `800ms`                                                                                  | How long a request waits for its client's first GeoJS answer when a setting needs it, and how long a request to GeoJS may take.                                                                                                                                 |
+| `SWW_WAF_ADD_LOOKUP_HEADERS`                 | `false`                                                                                  | `true` passes the app the client's AS number and country in `X-Client-ASN` and `X-Client-Country`.                                                                                                                                                              |
+| `SWW_WAF_EXCLUSIVELY_ALLOWED_COUNTRIES`      | empty                                                                                    | When set, the only countries whose clients get through; a client the lookup cannot place is refused too.                                                                                                                                                        |
+| `SWW_WAF_TAG_LISTS`                          | empty                                                                                    | Address lists that each add a tag to their clients' requests, as `name=URL` pairs, such as `torexit=https://example.com/tor.txt`.                                                                                                                               |
+| `SWW_WAF_TAG_DENY`                           | empty                                                                                    | Tags whose requests are refused, such as `torexit,country=CN`.                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
+| `SWW_WAF_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT`                  | empty                                                                                    | Tags whose clients get a percentage, from 1 to 99, of every request and byte limit, such as `vpn:50,asn=14061:25`; the lowest applies.                                                                                                                          |
+| `SWW_WAF_ROUTEWATCH_URL`                     | unset                                                                                    | The URL of a routewatch instance, which gives each client's `asn=` and `prefix=` tags. Unset, nothing asks routewatch.                                                                                                                                          |
+| `SWW_WAF_ASN_BYTES_PERCENT`                  | empty                                                                                    | A percentage of the byte limits alone for the AS numbers listed, in place of their `asn=` tag's percentage.                                                                                                                                                     |
+| `SWW_WAF_COUNTRY_BYTES_PERCENT`              | empty                                                                                    | A percentage of the byte limits alone for the countries listed, in place of their `country=` tag's percentage.                                                                                                                                                  |
+| `SWW_WAF_UNKNOWN_LIMIT_PERCENT`              | `100`                                                                                    | The percentage of every limit a client without a country gets.                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
+| `SWW_WAF_ASN_LIMIT_PERCENT_URL`              | unset                                                                                    | The URL of a text file of `AS<number>:<percent>` lines, fetched like a blocklist; each line counts as an `asn=` tag in `SWW_WAF_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT` (the lowest wins).                                                                                           |
+| `SWW_WAF_RULES_DIR`                          | `/etc/sww/rules.d`                                                                       | The directory of the rule files, read at start and again when a file there changes.                                                                                                                                                                             |
+| `SWW_WAF_RULES_ENABLED`                      | `true`                                                                                   | `false` reads no rule file.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
+| `SWW_WAF_TRAP_PATHS`                         | empty                                                                                    | Paths only scanners ask for, such as `/wp-login.php,/xmlrpc.php`; a request for one bans the client.                                                                                                                                                            |
+| `SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_MODE`                 | `block`                                                                                  | What the Core Rule Set does with a match: `block` refuses it with `403`, `detect` only logs and alerts it, `off` runs no rule.                                                                                                                                  |
+| `SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_PARANOIA_LEVEL`       | `1`                                                                                      | The Core Rule Set's paranoia level, from 1 to 4; each level up finds more attacks and takes more ordinary requests for attacks.                                                                                                                                 |
+| `SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD`    | `5`                                                                                      | The Core Rule Set score at which a request is a match, a whole number or `off`; one critical rule scores 5.                                                                                                                                                     |
+| `SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_DISABLED_RULES`       | `920340,920420,920440,920640,930130,930140`                                              | Core Rule Set rule ids switched off; a list you give replaces the default, so repeat these six to keep them off.                                                                                                                                                |
+| `SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_EXEMPT_PATHS`         | empty                                                                                    | Path prefixes the Core Rule Set does not inspect.                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
+| `SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_BODY_LIMIT`           | `off`                                                                                    | How much of a request body the Core Rule Set reads, a size up to `64K`; `off` reads none.                                                                                                                                                                       |
+| `SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE`      | unset                                                                                    | A file of Core Rule Set exclusions, as Coraza directives, that switch rules off for some fields or paths only.                                                                                                                                                  |
+| `SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_URLS`                     | empty                                                                                    | Blocklists to fetch, text files of addresses and netblocks one to a line, such as `https://www.spamhaus.org/drop/drop.txt`.                                                                                                                                     |
+| `SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_REFRESH`                  | `24h`                                                                                    | How long after a list was last tried it is fetched again, `1h` or more.                                                                                                                                                                                         |
+| `SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_ACTION`                   | `deny`                                                                                   | What a client on a blocklist gets: `deny`, `limit:<percent>` of every limit, or `log`.                                                                                                                                                                          |
+| `SWW_WAF_DNSBL_ZONES`                        | empty                                                                                    | DNS blocklists asked about each new client in the background, such as `dnsbl.dronebl.org`.                                                                                                                                                                      |
+| `SWW_WAF_DNSBL_RESOLVER`                     | unset                                                                                    | The resolver the zones are asked through, an IP address with an optional port; unset, the host's resolver is used.                                                                                                                                              |
+| `SWW_WAF_ABUSEIPDB_KEY`                      | unset                                                                                    | The key of your AbuseIPDB account; set, a client that has committed an offence is checked in the background.                                                                                                                                                    |
+| `SWW_WAF_ABUSEIPDB_MIN_SCORE`                | `75`                                                                                     | The least AbuseIPDB abuse confidence score, from 0 to 100, that is a hit.                                                                                                                                                                                       |
+| `SWW_WAF_ABUSEIPDB_DAILY_BUDGET`             | `900`                                                                                    | The most AbuseIPDB checks made in a day.                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
+| `SWW_WAF_CROWDSEC_LAPI_URL`                  | unset                                                                                    | The local API of a CrowdSec engine you run, such as `http://172.17.0.1:8080`; its decision list is fetched every minute, and a listed client is banned.                                                                                                         |
+| `SWW_WAF_CROWDSEC_LAPI_KEY`                  | unset                                                                                    | The key the engine gave for `smallwebwaf`, as `cscli bouncers add smallwebwaf` prints it; set with the URL, never alone.                                                                                                                                        |
+| `SWW_WAF_REPUTATION_ACTION`                  | `limit:25`                                                                               | What a client listed by a DNS blocklist, or scored a hit by AbuseIPDB, gets: `deny`, `limit:<percent>` or `log`.                                                                                                                                                |
+| `SWW_WAF_REPUTATION_CACHE_TTL`               | `24h`                                                                                    | How long a DNS blocklist verdict or an AbuseIPDB score is used.                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
+| `SWW_WAF_REPUTATION_TIMEOUT`                 | `2s`                                                                                     | How long a DNS blocklist query or an AbuseIPDB check may take.                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
+| `SWW_WAF_STATE_DIR`                          | `/var/lib/sww`                                                                           | The directory of the state files, an absolute path.                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
+| `SWW_WAF_STATE_WRITE_DELAY`                  | `10s`                                                                                    | How long `bans.json` waits to be written after a ban is made, lifted or made permanent.                                                                                                                                                                         |
+| `SWW_WAF_STATE_COUNTER_INTERVAL`             | `15m`                                                                                    | How often every state and cache file is written.                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
+| `SWW_WAF_CACHE_DIR`                          | `/var/cache/sww`                                                                         | The directory of the cache files, an absolute path.                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
+| `SWW_WAF_LOG_LEVEL`                          | `info`                                                                                   | The least severe of `waf`'s own messages that are written: `debug`, `info`, `warn` or `error`; request lines are always written.                                                                                                                                |
+| `SWW_WAF_LOG_REQUEST_HEADERS`                | `accept,accept-language,accept-encoding,content-type,origin,range`                       | The request headers whose values the request log records; `Authorization` and `Cookie` are never recorded.                                                                                                                                                      |
+| `SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_URL`                     | unset                                                                                    | A syslog server that also gets every line `waf` writes: `syslog+udp://`, `syslog+tcp://` or `syslog+tls://` with a host and a port.                                                                                                                             |
+| `SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_TLS_CA_FILE`             | unset                                                                                    | A file of PEM certificates a `syslog+tls` server's certificate must chain to, instead of the host's own.                                                                                                                                                        |
+| `SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_BUFFER`                  | `10000`                                                                                  | The most lines held while they wait to be sent; past it, the oldest is dropped.                                                                                                                                                                                 |
+| `SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_FACILITY`                | `local0`                                                                                 | The syslog facility of each record sent.                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
+| `SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_APP_NAME`                | `SWW_WAF_INSTANCE_NAME`                                                                  | The app name in each syslog record, 1 to 48 printable ASCII characters without a space.                                                                                                                                                                         |
+| `SWW_WAF_ADMIN_TOKEN`                        | unset                                                                                    | The bearer token for the ban and client endpoints, at least 32 characters; unset, they answer `404`.                                                                                                                                                            |
+| `SWW_WAF_METRICS_TOKEN`                      | unset                                                                                    | The bearer token for `/_sww/metrics`, at least 32 characters; unset, the metrics are off.                                                                                                                                                                       |
+| `SWW_WAF_METRICS_TOP_N`                      | `50`                                                                                     | How many AS numbers and how many countries get metric series of their own; the rest are summed as `other`.                                                                                                                                                      |
+| `SWW_WAF_ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL`                  | unset                                                                                    | A webhook each alert is posted to as a JSON object.                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
+| `SWW_WAF_ALERT_WEBHOOK_HEADERS`              | empty                                                                                    | Headers sent with each post, a list of `Name:value`, such as `Authorization:Bearer <token>`.                                                                                                                                                                    |
+| `SWW_WAF_ALERT_SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL`            | unset                                                                                    | A Slack incoming webhook each alert is posted to as a message.                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
+| `SWW_WAF_ALERT_NTFY_URL`                     | unset                                                                                    | An ntfy topic each alert is published to, as its full URL, such as `https://ntfy.sh/my-alerts`.                                                                                                                                                                 |
+| `SWW_WAF_ALERT_NTFY_TOKEN`                   | unset                                                                                    | An ntfy access token sent with each alert.                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
+| `SWW_WAF_ALERT_EVENTS`                       | `ban,permanent_ban,core_rule_set_match,anomaly,reputation_hit,source_failure,file_error` | The events alerts are sent for; the hourly `summary` is sent whatever it says.                                                                                                                                                                                  |
+| `SWW_WAF_ALERT_COOLDOWN`                     | `15m`                                                                                    | How long after an alert its repeats are held back and counted, a duration or `off`.                                                                                                                                                                             |
+| `SWW_WAF_ALERT_MAX_PER_HOUR`                 | `60`                                                                                     | The most alerts sent in an hour, a number or `off`; the rest are counted in the hour's `summary`.                                                                                                                                                               |
+| `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_CLIENT_REQUESTS_PER_MINUTE` | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when one client makes more requests than this in a minute, a count.                                                                                                                                                                                       |
+| `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_CLIENT_REQUESTS_PER_HOUR`   | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when one client makes more requests than this in an hour, a count.                                                                                                                                                                                        |
+| `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_CLIENT_BYTES_PER_MINUTE`    | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when more than this many bytes, as `SWW_WAF_BYTES_COUNT` counts them, are counted for one client in a minute, a size.                                                                                                                                     |
+| `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_CLIENT_BYTES_PER_HOUR`      | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when more than this many bytes, as `SWW_WAF_BYTES_COUNT` counts them, are counted for one client in an hour, a size.                                                                                                                                      |
+| `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_NET_REQUESTS_PER_MINUTE`    | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when the netblock around a client makes more requests than this in a minute, a count.                                                                                                                                                                     |
+| `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_NET_REQUESTS_PER_HOUR`      | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when the netblock around a client makes more requests than this in an hour, a count.                                                                                                                                                                      |
+| `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_NET_BYTES_PER_MINUTE`       | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when more than this many bytes, as `SWW_WAF_BYTES_COUNT` counts them, are counted for the netblock around a client in a minute, a size.                                                                                                                   |
+| `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_NET_BYTES_PER_HOUR`         | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when more than this many bytes, as `SWW_WAF_BYTES_COUNT` counts them, are counted for the netblock around a client in an hour, a size.                                                                                                                    |
+| `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_NET_V4_PREFIX`              | `24`                                                                                     | The prefix length of the netblock around an IPv4 client that the `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_NET_` thresholds count, from 0 to 32.                                                                                                                                         |
+| `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_NET_V6_PREFIX`              | `48`                                                                                     | The prefix length of the netblock around an IPv6 client that the `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_NET_` thresholds count, from 0 to 128.                                                                                                                                        |
+| `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_ASN_REQUESTS_PER_MINUTE`    | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when one AS number makes more requests than this in a minute, a count.                                                                                                                                                                                    |
+| `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_ASN_REQUESTS_PER_HOUR`      | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when one AS number makes more requests than this in an hour, a count.                                                                                                                                                                                     |
+| `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_ASN_BYTES_PER_MINUTE`       | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when more than this many bytes, as `SWW_WAF_BYTES_COUNT` counts them, are counted for one AS number in a minute, a size.                                                                                                                                  |
+| `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_ASN_BYTES_PER_HOUR`         | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when more than this many bytes, as `SWW_WAF_BYTES_COUNT` counts them, are counted for one AS number in an hour, a size.                                                                                                                                   |
+| `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_TOTAL_REQUESTS_PER_MINUTE`  | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when the whole service gets more requests than this in a minute, a count.                                                                                                                                                                                 |
+| `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_TOTAL_REQUESTS_PER_HOUR`    | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when the whole service gets more requests than this in an hour, a count.                                                                                                                                                                                  |
+| `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_TOTAL_BYTES_PER_MINUTE`     | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when more than this many bytes, as `SWW_WAF_BYTES_COUNT` counts them, are counted for the whole service in a minute, a size.                                                                                                                              |
+| `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_TOTAL_BYTES_PER_HOUR`       | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when more than this many bytes, as `SWW_WAF_BYTES_COUNT` counts them, are counted for the whole service in an hour, a size.                                                                                                                               |
+| `SWW_WAF_WATCH_NETS`                         | empty                                                                                    | Named netblocks the `SWW_WAF_WATCH_` thresholds count each as a whole, such as `office=203.0.113.0/24,scraper-x=198.51.100.0/22`.                                                                                                                               |
+| `SWW_WAF_WATCH_REQUESTS_PER_MINUTE`          | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when a watched netblock makes more requests than this in a minute, a count.                                                                                                                                                                               |
+| `SWW_WAF_WATCH_REQUESTS_PER_HOUR`            | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when a watched netblock makes more requests than this in an hour, a count.                                                                                                                                                                                |
+| `SWW_WAF_WATCH_BYTES_PER_MINUTE`             | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when more than this many bytes, as `SWW_WAF_BYTES_COUNT` counts them, are counted for a watched netblock in a minute, a size.                                                                                                                             |
+| `SWW_WAF_WATCH_BYTES_PER_HOUR`               | `off`                                                                                    | Alert when more than this many bytes, as `SWW_WAF_BYTES_COUNT` counts them, are counted for a watched netblock in an hour, a size.                                                                                                                              |
 
 [`docs/settings.md`](docs/settings.md) gives the values each setting takes in
 full, and the limits that are fixed rather than settings.
@@ -351,8 +353,8 @@ own, where each reaches the others by service name. Each example publishes
 
 ### Smallest setup
 
-One app, `rproxy` in front of it, and `discriminator` with a volume for its
-state files, every setting at its default.
+One app, `rproxy` in front of it, and `waf` with a volume for its state files,
+every setting at its default.
 
 ```yaml
 services:
@@ -363,20 +365,20 @@ services:
     rproxy:
         image: smallwebwaf
         environment:
-            SWRP_WAF_BACKEND: http://discriminator:8080
-            SWRP_UPSTREAM_URL: http://app:8081
+            SWW_RPROXY_WAF_BACKEND: http://waf:8080
+            SWW_RPROXY_UPSTREAM_URL: http://app:8081
         ports:
             - "8080:8080"
 
-    discriminator:
+    waf:
         image: smallwebwaf
         environment:
-            SWW_COMMAND: discriminator
+            SWW_COMMAND: waf
         volumes:
-            - discriminator-state:/var/lib/sww
+            - waf-state:/var/lib/sww
 
 volumes:
-    discriminator-state:
+    waf-state:
 ```
 
 ### Custom per-address limits
@@ -399,45 +401,45 @@ services:
     rproxy:
         image: smallwebwaf
         environment:
-            SWRP_WAF_BACKEND: http://discriminator:8080
-            SWRP_UPSTREAM_URL: http://app:8081
+            SWW_RPROXY_WAF_BACKEND: http://waf:8080
+            SWW_RPROXY_UPSTREAM_URL: http://app:8081
         ports:
             - "8080:8080"
 
-    discriminator:
+    waf:
         image: smallwebwaf
         environment:
-            SWW_COMMAND: discriminator
+            SWW_COMMAND: waf
             # Monitoring skips every check.
-            SWW_ALLOW_NETS: 192.0.2.10
+            SWW_WAF_ALLOW_NETS: 192.0.2.10
             # The office and the automation host are never rate limited.
-            SWW_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_NETS: 203.0.113.0/24,198.51.100.7
+            SWW_WAF_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_NETS: 203.0.113.0/24,198.51.100.7
             # A netblock that sends nothing wanted.
-            SWW_DENY_NETS: 198.51.100.128/25
+            SWW_WAF_DENY_NETS: 198.51.100.128/25
             # Tighter limits for everyone else: a small static site.
-            SWW_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE: "60"
-            SWW_RATE_LIMIT_PER_HOUR: "600"
-            SWW_RATE_LIMIT_PER_DAY: "3000"
+            SWW_WAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE: "60"
+            SWW_WAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_HOUR: "600"
+            SWW_WAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_DAY: "3000"
             # Hosting networks and one country get a share of those limits.
-            SWW_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT: asn=14061:50,asn=16276:25,country=CN:25
+            SWW_WAF_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT: asn=14061:50,asn=16276:25,country=CN:25
             # Paths only scanners ask for; one request bans the client.
-            SWW_TRAP_PATHS: /wp-login.php,/xmlrpc.php
+            SWW_WAF_TRAP_PATHS: /wp-login.php,/xmlrpc.php
             # Answer a refused client with 429 rather than 403.
-            SWW_BAN_RESPONSE: "429"
-            SWW_LIMIT_BAN_DURATION: 30m
+            SWW_WAF_BAN_RESPONSE: "429"
+            SWW_WAF_LIMIT_BAN_DURATION: 30m
         volumes:
-            - discriminator-state:/var/lib/sww
+            - waf-state:/var/lib/sww
 
 volumes:
-    discriminator-state:
+    waf-state:
 ```
 
 ### `rproxy` beside the app
 
 The app is built on the `smallwebwaf` image, with `rproxy` inside its container.
 `app/` holds the `Dockerfile` and `app.run` from "`rproxy` in the app's
-container". `rproxy` answers `503` to every request while `discriminator` is
-down, and `discriminator`:
+container". `rproxy` answers `503` to every request while `waf` is down, and
+`waf`:
 
 - observes before it enforces;
 - looks addresses up in a local database rather than GeoJS;
@@ -450,33 +452,33 @@ services:
         # A Dockerfile built FROM the smallwebwaf image, with rproxy inside.
         build: ./app
         environment:
-            SWRP_WAF_BACKEND: http://discriminator:8080
-            # Answer 503 rather than pass a request on while discriminator is down.
-            SWRP_DEFAULT_DISPOSITION: deny
+            SWW_RPROXY_WAF_BACKEND: http://waf:8080
+            # Answer 503 rather than pass a request on while waf is down.
+            SWW_RPROXY_DEFAULT_DISPOSITION: deny
         ports:
             - "8080:8080"
 
-    discriminator:
+    waf:
         image: smallwebwaf
         environment:
-            SWW_COMMAND: discriminator
-            SWW_INSTANCE_NAME: fsn1/discriminator
+            SWW_COMMAND: waf
+            SWW_WAF_INSTANCE_NAME: fsn1/waf
             # Refuse nothing yet; log what enforce mode would have done.
-            SWW_MODE: observe
+            SWW_WAF_MODE: observe
             # Look addresses up in a local IPinfo Lite database, never GeoJS.
-            SWW_LOOKUP_SOURCE: file
-            SWW_LOOKUP_DB_PATH: /var/lib/ipinfo/ipinfo_lite.mmdb
+            SWW_WAF_LOOKUP_SOURCE: file
+            SWW_WAF_LOOKUP_DB_PATH: /var/lib/ipinfo/ipinfo_lite.mmdb
             # Alerts to an ntfy topic, with its token read from a file.
-            SWW_ALERT_NTFY_URL: https://ntfy.example/smallwebwaf
-            SWW_ALERT_NTFY_TOKEN_FILE: /etc/sww/tokens/ntfy
-            SWW_ALERT_EVENTS: ban,permanent_ban,core_rule_set_match,source_failure,file_error
+            SWW_WAF_ALERT_NTFY_URL: https://ntfy.example/smallwebwaf
+            SWW_WAF_ALERT_NTFY_TOKEN_FILE: /etc/sww/tokens/ntfy
+            SWW_WAF_ALERT_EVENTS: ban,permanent_ban,core_rule_set_match,source_failure,file_error
         volumes:
-            - discriminator-state:/var/lib/sww
+            - waf-state:/var/lib/sww
             - /srv/ipinfo:/var/lib/ipinfo:ro
             - /srv/sww/tokens:/etc/sww/tokens:ro
 
 volumes:
-    discriminator-state:
+    waf-state:
 ```
 
 The database is mounted by its directory, not by file, so that a replaced
@@ -498,58 +500,59 @@ How it works inside. [`SPEC.md`](SPEC.md) gives every rule in full, and why.
 
 ### What happens to a request
 
-A request goes through these steps, in this order. Once `discriminator` refuses
-a request, the steps after that are skipped, apart from the report, and nothing
-of the request reaches the app.
+A request goes through these steps, in this order. Once `waf` refuses a request,
+the steps after that are skipped, apart from the report, and nothing of the
+request reaches the app.
 
 `rproxy` takes the first two:
 
 1. The health check, `GET /_sww/healthz`, is answered at once.
 2. The visitor's address is worked out from `X-Forwarded-For`, believed only
-   from `SWRP_TRUSTED_PROXIES`. `rproxy` sends `discriminator` the request as
-   the visitor sent it, with the first 64 KiB of its body.
+   from `SWW_RPROXY_TRUSTED_PROXIES`. `rproxy` sends `waf` the request as the
+   visitor sent it, with the first 64 KiB of its body.
 
-`discriminator` takes the checks:
+`waf` takes the checks:
 
-3. The tag lists.
-4. The static lists, `SWW_ALLOW_NETS` and `SWW_DENY_NETS`.
+3. The header limits, then the tag lists. A client in `SWW_WAF_ALLOW_NETS` skips
+   the header limits.
+4. The static lists, `SWW_WAF_ALLOW_NETS` and `SWW_WAF_DENY_NETS`.
 5. The bans.
 6. The lookup of the client's AS number and country.
 7. The country list.
 8. The reputation sources.
-9. The tag refusals of `SWW_TAG_DENY`.
+9. The tag refusals of `SWW_WAF_TAG_DENY`.
 10. The client's limit percentage, from its tags, its AS number, its country or
     a reputation hit.
 11. The rate limits.
 12. The trap paths.
 13. The rule files.
-14. The header limits, and then the Core Rule Set.
+14. The Core Rule Set.
 15. The tag refusals again, so that `exploitsignature` can refuse too.
 16. A path under `/_sww/` is answered `404`, so that the app never sees that
     prefix.
 
-`rproxy` takes the rest, with `discriminator` counting at the end:
+`rproxy` takes the rest, with `waf` counting at the end:
 
 17. The request is passed to the app, streaming.
-18. After the answer, `rproxy` sends `discriminator` a report with the status
-    and the body bytes each way. For an allowed request, `discriminator` counts
-    the bytes `SWW_BYTES_COUNT` names toward the byte limits, bans the client if
-    they take it past one, and adds the request to the client's history.
+18. After the answer, `rproxy` sends `waf` a report with the status and the body
+    bytes each way. For an allowed request, `waf` counts the bytes
+    `SWW_WAF_BYTES_COUNT` names toward the byte limits, bans the client if they
+    take it past one, and adds the request to the client's history.
 
-A refused visitor is answered with `SWW_BAN_RESPONSE`. A `block` rule or a Core
-Rule Set match answers `403` and bans nobody, since the Core Rule Set has false
-positives; such refusals count toward `SWW_ERROR_BURST_THRESHOLD` instead. A
-request over the header limits of step 14 is answered `431`, and bans nobody
-either. `rproxy` itself answers `405` to a method it does not pass on, and the
-status for a size or time limit, such as `413` for a body too large.
+A refused visitor is answered with `SWW_WAF_BAN_RESPONSE`. A `block` rule or a
+Core Rule Set match answers `403` and bans nobody, since the Core Rule Set has
+false positives; such refusals count toward `SWW_WAF_ERROR_BURST_THRESHOLD`
+instead. A request over the header limits of step 3 is answered `431`, and bans
+nobody either. `rproxy` itself answers `405` to a method it does not pass on,
+and the status for a size or time limit, such as `413` for a body too large.
 
 ### Clients and bans
 
-- A client is one IPv4 address or one IPv6 netblock of `SWW_IPV6_GROUP_PREFIX`,
-  since one abuser usually controls a whole /64.
+- A client is one IPv4 address or one IPv6 netblock of
+  `SWW_WAF_IPV6_GROUP_PREFIX`, since one abuser usually controls a whole /64.
 - Each limit is counted over a sliding window with a few integers per client.
   The table of clients and the table of bans each have a bound
-  (`SWW_MAX_TRACKED_CLIENTS`, `SWW_MAX_BANS`), so memory is bounded too.
+  (`SWW_WAF_MAX_TRACKED_CLIENTS`, `SWW_WAF_MAX_BANS`), so memory is bounded too.
 - A ban refuses every request from its netblock until it ends. Requests refused
   under a ban count toward no limit. A permanent ban ends only when an admin
   lifts it.
@@ -560,28 +563,28 @@ status for a size or time limit, such as `413` for a body too large.
 
 ### Request tags
 
-Each request gets tags from what `discriminator` knows of its client, written in
-the `tags` field of its log line:
+Each request gets tags from what `waf` knows of its client, written in the
+`tags` field of its log line:
 
 - `asn=<number>` and `country=<code>`, from the lookup;
-- one tag per list of `SWW_TAG_LISTS` that holds the client, such as `torexit`
-  or `vpn=mullvad`;
+- one tag per list of `SWW_WAF_TAG_LISTS` that holds the client, such as
+  `torexit` or `vpn=mullvad`;
 - `crowdsec`, `dnsbl=<zone>` and `abuseipdb`, when that reputation source lists
   the client;
 - `exploitsignature`, when a rule file or the Core Rule Set matched the request;
 - `asn=<number>` and `prefix=<netblock>`, from a routewatch instance, while
-  `SWW_ROUTEWATCH_URL` is set.
+  `SWW_WAF_ROUTEWATCH_URL` is set.
 
-`SWW_TAG_DENY` refuses requests by tag, and `SWW_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT` lowers a
-client's limits by tag. See "Request tags" in [`SPEC.md`](SPEC.md).
+`SWW_WAF_TAG_DENY` refuses requests by tag, and `SWW_WAF_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT`
+lowers a client's limits by tag. See "Request tags" in [`SPEC.md`](SPEC.md).
 
 ### Attack detection
 
 - The Core Rule Set reads the method, the URL with its query string, and the
-  headers of every request, and no body unless `SWW_WAF_BODY_LIMIT` is set. In
-  front of a code forge, bodies carry what people write and publish, which the
-  rules take for attacks.
-- `smallwebwaf` changes the Core Rule Set in fourteen ways so that ordinary
+  headers of every request, and no body unless
+  `SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_BODY_LIMIT` is set. In front of a code forge, bodies
+  carry what people write and publish, which the rules take for attacks.
+- `smallwebwaf` changes the Core Rule Set in fifteen ways so that ordinary
   requests get through to the apps listed below. No setting undoes the changes;
   "Attack detection" in [`SPEC.md`](SPEC.md) lists them.
 - These apps work out of the box at the default settings, and their recorded
@@ -589,6 +592,9 @@ client's limits by tag. See "Request tags" in [`SPEC.md`](SPEC.md).
     - gitea: git over HTTP and sign-in through Git Credential Manager get
       through. On gitea's own paths, its searches, file names and branch names
       do too.
+    - Forgejo: git over HTTP and its container and package registries get
+      through. On Forgejo's own paths, its searches, file names and branch names
+      do too.
     - WordPress: saving a post from the block editor gets through. On
       WordPress's own paths, its searches, names and file names do too.
     - Drupal: on Drupal's own paths, the page to return to, its searches and its
@@ -609,21 +615,35 @@ client's limits by tag. See "Request tags" in [`SPEC.md`](SPEC.md).
     - deleting the account, on gitea;
     - the admin page, on Vaultwarden, whose apps send a hash of the master
       password, not the password itself.
-- `SWW_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE` switches single rules off for an app's own
-  fields or paths.
+- `SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE` switches single rules off for an app's
+  own fields or paths.
 - Rule files are plain text, one rule to a line, edited by hand and read again
-  while `discriminator` runs. The image ships one file of probes no real visitor
-  sends (see [`docs/rules.md`](docs/rules.md)).
+  while `waf` runs. The image ships one file of probes no real visitor sends
+  (see [`docs/rules.md`](docs/rules.md)).
 
-### State files
+### State and cache files
 
-`discriminator` keeps everything in memory, and the five JSON files in
-`SWW_STATE_DIR` hold a copy: `bans.json`, `clients.json`, `lookups.json`,
-`reputation.json` and `alerts.json`. Each is written whole, to a temporary file
-renamed over the real one, so a crash leaves a complete file. `discriminator`
-notices a file edited on disk and takes the edit in; an edit that does not parse
-is set aside as `<name>.bad`, and never stops the running process (see
-[`docs/state-files.md`](docs/state-files.md)).
+`waf` keeps everything in memory, and JSON files hold a copy:
+
+- The state files, in `SWW_WAF_STATE_DIR`, hold what cannot be fetched again:
+    - `bans.json`;
+    - `clients.json`;
+    - `abuseipdb-checks-spent.json`;
+    - `alerts.json`.
+- The cache files, in `SWW_WAF_CACHE_DIR`, hold answers from outside services:
+    - `lookups.json`, from GeoJS;
+    - `lists.json`, the lists fetched by URL;
+    - `dnsbl.json`, from the DNS blocklists;
+    - `abuseipdb-scores.json`, from AbuseIPDB;
+    - `routewatch.json`, from routewatch.
+
+Back up the state directory. The cache directory can be left out of backups: a
+lost cache file starts empty and fills again.
+
+Each file is written whole, to a temporary file renamed over the real one, so a
+crash leaves a complete file. `waf` notices a file edited on disk and takes the
+edit in. An edit that does not parse is set aside as `<name>.bad`, and never
+stops the running process (see [`docs/state-files.md`](docs/state-files.md)).
 
 ### The image and its processes
 
@@ -632,20 +652,19 @@ is set aside as `<name>.bad`, and never stops the running process (see
   `Dockerfile` installs a package with `nix-env -iA nixpkgs.<name>` and gets the
   same package each time it is built (see [`docs/image.md`](docs/image.md)).
 - runit, a service supervisor, runs `sww` as the `sww` user (uid and gid 65532)
-  and starts it again when it exits. The `run` script of `discriminator` gives
-  the state directory to the `sww` user at each start, so a volume needs no
-  change of owner.
-- `rproxy` and `discriminator` use no token between them. `discriminator`'s own
-  endpoints, under `/_sww/`, are for your admin tools and your metrics
-  collector, at its own address on the private network; nothing routes the
-  internet there.
+  and starts it again when it exits. The `run` script of `waf` gives the state
+  directory to the `sww` user at each start, so a volume needs no change of
+  owner. It makes the cache directory for that user too.
+- `rproxy` and `waf` use no token between them. `waf`'s own endpoints, under
+  `/_sww/`, are for your admin tools and your metrics collector, at its own
+  address on the private network; nothing routes the internet there.
 - `docker stop` gives requests in progress five seconds to finish. With `rproxy`
   in the app's container, the app must keep answering for five seconds after
   `SIGTERM` for that to help them.
 - Only faults found at start stop a process: an invalid setting, a rule file or
   state file that does not parse, a lookup database that cannot be read, or an
   address it cannot listen on. Once running, a failing lookup service,
-  reputation source or alert destination never takes `discriminator` down.
+  reputation source or alert destination never takes `waf` down.
 
 ### Packages
 
@@ -653,15 +672,15 @@ is set aside as `<name>.bad`, and never stops the running process (see
 - `internal/sww`: the process, as the command it is given, and the health check.
 - `internal/config`: reads the settings, the one place they are read.
 - `internal/rproxy`: the reverse proxy in front of one app.
-- `internal/discriminator`: `discriminator`'s server, which runs the checks and
-  answers its own endpoints.
+- `internal/waf`: `waf`'s server, which runs the checks and answers its own
+  endpoints.
 - `internal/ratelimit`, `internal/bans`, `internal/rules`,
   `internal/coreruleset`, `internal/lookup`, `internal/reputation`,
   `internal/routewatch`, `internal/anomaly` and `internal/alerts`: one check or
   source each.
 - `internal/state`, `internal/requestlog`, `internal/remotelog` and
-  `internal/metrics`: the state files, the log lines, the syslog sender and the
-  metrics.
+  `internal/metrics`: the state and cache files, the log lines, the syslog
+  sender and the metrics.
 
 ## Rationale
 
@@ -702,8 +721,12 @@ on the host.
 - `script/projectname`: prints `smallwebwaf`, which the other scripts tag their
   images with.
 - `script/test`: checks that `go.mod` and `go.sum` are tidy, then runs the
-  tests, as the `test` phase of the `Dockerfile`. It runs them twice: once with
-  the race detector, and once without it for the recorded requests. `make test`.
+  tests, as the `test` phase of the `Dockerfile`, in two passes. `make test`.
+    - The first runs every package's tests with the race detector. Of the Core
+      Rule Set's tests, it runs only those written to check concurrent
+      inspection, whose names start with `TestConcurrent`.
+    - The second runs the Core Rule Set's other tests without the race detector,
+      the recorded requests among them.
 - `script/tidy`: writes `go.mod` and `go.sum` as `go mod tidy` writes them, in
   the `tidy` stage of the `Dockerfile`. `make tidy`.
 - `script/lint`: runs golangci-lint, as the `lint` phase of the `Dockerfile`.
@@ -730,25 +753,26 @@ on the host.
 - `script/precommit`: run by the git pre-commit hook; runs `script/check`.
 - `script/install-precommit`: installs that hook. `make hooks`.
 - `script/build`: builds `bin/sww` with the Go on your host. `make build`.
-- `script/run`: builds `bin/sww` and runs `discriminator` and `rproxy` on the
-  host, with the settings in your environment. `make run`. Unless your settings
-  say otherwise:
+- `script/run`: builds `bin/sww` and runs `waf` and `rproxy` on the host, with
+  the settings in your environment. `make run`. Unless your settings say
+  otherwise:
     - `rproxy` listens on port 8080, in front of an app at
       `http://127.0.0.1:8081`;
-    - `discriminator` listens on port 8090;
+    - `waf` listens on port 8090;
     - its state files go in `bin/state`;
+    - its cache files go in `bin/cache`;
     - its rule files are those of `share/rules.d`.
 - `script/example-app`: builds the image and the example app
   (`deploy/example-app`) on it, runs the app with `rproxy` in its container and
-  `discriminator` in another, and checks them. Then it removes the containers,
-  the network, the volumes and the images. Needs network access.
-  `make example-app`. It checks:
+  `waf` in another, and checks them. Then it removes the containers, the
+  network, the volumes and the images. Needs network access. `make example-app`.
+  It checks:
     - the health checks;
     - a request passed to the app;
     - a ban for a broken limit, and a ban for a probe made permanent;
-    - that only `discriminator`'s container changes the state directory's owner;
-    - with `discriminator` stopped, the app still answering through `rproxy`;
-    - with `discriminator` started again, bans applying again;
+    - that only `waf`'s container changes the state directory's owner;
+    - with `waf` stopped, the app still answering through `rproxy`;
+    - with `waf` started again, bans applying again;
     - orderly stops with `sv stop` and `docker stop`;
     - bans surviving a new container on the same volume;
     - a setting given as a file.
@@ -773,8 +797,8 @@ on the host.
 - [`docs/alerts.md`](docs/alerts.md): the alert events and what each destination
   gets.
 - [`docs/metrics.md`](docs/metrics.md): the metrics.
-- [`docs/state-files.md`](docs/state-files.md): the state files and what each
-  holds.
+- [`docs/state-files.md`](docs/state-files.md): the state and cache files and
+  what each holds.
 - [`docs/image.md`](docs/image.md): what the image holds and how it is pinned.
 
 ## License

cmd/sww/main.go

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // Command sww is a web application firewall. `sww rproxy` is the reverse
-// proxy in front of one app, which asks discriminator about each request.
-// `sww discriminator` decides, for many sites, and keeps what lasts. `sww
+// proxy in front of one app, which asks waf about each request.
+// `sww waf` decides, for many sites, and keeps what lasts. `sww
 // healthcheck` is the container's health check. Everything it does is in
 // internal/sww.
 package main

docs/admin-endpoints.md

@@ -1,29 +1,29 @@
 # Admin endpoints
 
-The endpoints under `/_sww/`, what each takes and what each answers.
-`sww discriminator` answers them at its own address, on the private network.
-"Admin endpoints" in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md) says how their tokens work.
+The endpoints under `/_sww/`, what each takes and what each answers. `sww waf`
+answers them at its own address, on the private network. "Admin endpoints" in
+[`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md) says how their tokens work.
 
 - `GET /_sww/healthz`: `200` and `ok`, to anyone.
-- `GET /_sww/metrics`: the metrics, for `SWW_METRICS_TOKEN` (see
+- `GET /_sww/metrics`: the metrics, for `SWW_WAF_METRICS_TOKEN` (see
   [`metrics.md`](metrics.md)).
 - `GET /_sww/bans`: every ban held, under `bans`, each as `bans.json` lists it.
-  Needs `SWW_ADMIN_TOKEN`, as do the three below.
+  Needs `SWW_WAF_ADMIN_TOKEN`, as do the three below.
 - `POST /_sww/bans`: bans a netblock. The body is a JSON object of `netblock`,
   `duration` and, if you like, `reason`. `netblock` is a netblock such as
   `203.0.113.0/24`, or a client's address, which bans its IPv4 netblock
-  (`SWW_BAN_SCOPE_V4_PREFIX`) or its IPv6 group. `duration` is a duration such
-  as `1h` or `7d`, or `permanent`. A bad body is answered `400`, saying what is
-  wrong:
+  (`SWW_WAF_BAN_SCOPE_V4_PREFIX`) or its IPv6 group. `duration` is a duration
+  such as `1h` or `7d`, or `permanent`. A bad body is answered `400`, saying
+  what is wrong:
     - one that is not such an object, or has another field;
     - one longer than 4 KiB;
     - one that names an IPv4-mapped netblock, or an address with a zone.
 - `DELETE /_sww/bans/<client>`: lifts every active ban covering the address
   `<client>`. It answers `404` when none is active.
-- `GET /_sww/clients/<ip>`: what `discriminator` knows of the client. Under
-  `client`, its counters and history as `clients.json` holds them, or `null`
-  when `clients.json` does not hold it. Under `bans`, every ban covering the
-  address, with its notes.
+- `GET /_sww/clients/<ip>`: what `waf` knows of the client. Under `client`, its
+  counters and history as `clients.json` holds them, or `null` when
+  `clients.json` does not hold it. Under `bans`, every ban covering the address,
+  with its notes.
 - `POST /_sww/report`: takes `rproxy`'s report, without a token. It answers
   `204`, or `400` to a body that is no report (see "The report" in
   [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md)).
@@ -32,29 +32,29 @@ No check runs on these requests. A missing or wrong token is answered `401`. An
 endpoint whose token is unset answers `404`, as does any other path.
 
 `sww rproxy` answers only the health check of these, at its own address. It asks
-`discriminator` about any other request under `/_sww/`. One that passes the
-checks is answered `404`, so that the app never sees that prefix (see "`rproxy`"
-in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md)).
+`waf` about any other request under `/_sww/`. One that passes the checks is
+answered `404`, so that the app never sees that prefix (see "`rproxy`" in
+[`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md)).
 
 ## Examples
 
-With `SWW_ADMIN_TOKEN` set, the token in `$TOKEN`, and `discriminator` reached
-as `discriminator:8080` on its network:
+With `SWW_WAF_ADMIN_TOKEN` set, the token in `$TOKEN`, and `waf` reached as
+`waf:8080` on its network:
 
 ```sh
 # Every ban.
-curl -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" http://discriminator:8080/_sww/bans
+curl -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" http://waf:8080/_sww/bans
 
 # Ban 203.0.113.0/24 for seven days.
 curl -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" \
     --json '{"netblock": "203.0.113.0/24", "duration": "7d", "reason": "probes for logins"}' \
-    http://discriminator:8080/_sww/bans
+    http://waf:8080/_sww/bans
 
 # Lift the bans on 203.0.113.9.
 curl -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" -X DELETE \
-    http://discriminator:8080/_sww/bans/203.0.113.9
+    http://waf:8080/_sww/bans/203.0.113.9
 
-# What discriminator knows of 203.0.113.9.
+# What waf knows of 203.0.113.9.
 curl -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" \
-    http://discriminator:8080/_sww/clients/203.0.113.9
+    http://waf:8080/_sww/clients/203.0.113.9
 ```

docs/alerts.md

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ back or dropped.
 
 ## Events
 
-- `ban`: a ban `discriminator` made.
+- `ban`: a ban `waf` made.
 - `permanent_ban`: a permanent ban it made, or an existing ban made permanent by
   a request.
 - `core_rule_set_match`: the Core Rule Set scored a request at or over the
@@ -23,7 +23,8 @@ back or dropped.
     - the day's AbuseIPDB checks used up.
 - `file_error`: one of:
     - a rule file or state file edit with an error;
-    - a state file that cannot be written;
+    - a cache file that does not parse, at start or after an edit;
+    - a state file or cache file that cannot be written;
     - a replacement lookup database that cannot be read.
 - `summary`: the hourly summary of alerts held back.
 
@@ -34,7 +35,7 @@ on one line:
 
 ```json
 {
-    "instance": "fsn1/discriminator",
+    "instance": "fsn1/waf",
     "time": "2026-10-06T12:00:50.123461Z",
     "event": "ban",
     "host": "app.example",
@@ -77,11 +78,10 @@ on one line:
 }
 ```
 
-- `instance`: `SWW_INSTANCE_NAME`. `time`: when the alert was raised. `event`:
-  one of the events above.
-- `host`: the site of the request that raised the alert, since one
-  `discriminator` serves many sites. It is left out of `source_failure`,
-  `file_error` and `summary`.
+- `instance`: `SWW_WAF_INSTANCE_NAME`. `time`: when the alert was raised.
+  `event`: one of the events above.
+- `host`: the site of the request that raised the alert, since one `waf` serves
+  many sites. It is left out of `source_failure`, `file_error` and `summary`.
 - `client`: the address whose request raised the alert. Empty for
   `source_failure`, `file_error` and `summary`.
 - `netblock`: empty for `source_failure`, `file_error` and `summary`; otherwise
@@ -111,8 +111,8 @@ on one line:
 ## Slack and ntfy
 
 Slack and ntfy get a message with a title and a text. The title is the instance
-and the event, such as `fsn1/discriminator: ban`. The text is the `reason`, then
-one line for each of these that the alert has:
+and the event, such as `fsn1/waf: ban`. The text is the `reason`, then one line
+for each of these that the alert has:
 
 - the host, the client, the netblock and the country;
 - the file, the source, the error and the mode from `detail`;
@@ -122,8 +122,8 @@ Slack gets the title in bold and the text below it, with `&`, `<` and `>`
 escaped. ntfy gets the text as the message, with these headers:
 
 - `Title`: the title;
-- `Authorization`: the token, as `Bearer <token>`, while `SWW_ALERT_NTFY_TOKEN`
-  is set;
+- `Authorization`: the token, as `Bearer <token>`, while
+  `SWW_WAF_ALERT_NTFY_TOKEN` is set;
 - `Priority` and `Tags`: by event, as listed below.
 
 The priority and tag by event:

docs/image.md

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 # What the image holds
 
 The contents of the `smallwebwaf` image, and how each part is pinned. The image
-runs `rproxy` by default, or `discriminator` with `SWW_COMMAND=discriminator`.
-"Deployment" in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md) says why each part is there and why it
-is pinned that way.
+runs `rproxy` by default, or `waf` with `SWW_COMMAND=waf`. "Deployment" in
+[`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md) says why each part is there and why it is pinned that
+way.
 
 ## Contents
 
@@ -18,8 +18,9 @@ is pinned that way.
 - The `sww` binary, and the user `sww` (uid and gid 65532).
 - The service directory `/etc/service/sww`, with the `run` script
   `share/sww.run`.
-- `/var/lib/sww` for `discriminator`'s state files, and `/etc/sww/rules.d` with
-  the default rule file `share/rules.d/00-default.rules`.
+- `/var/lib/sww` for `waf`'s state files, and `/etc/sww/rules.d` with the
+  default rule file `share/rules.d/00-default.rules`. The `run` script makes
+  `SWW_WAF_STATE_DIR` when it is missing.
 - `EXPOSE 8080`, and the `HEALTHCHECK` that runs `sww healthcheck`.
 
 ## Pins

docs/metrics.md

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 # The metrics
 
-What `GET /_sww/metrics` answers with, at `discriminator`'s own address.
-"Metrics endpoint" in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md) describes the endpoint. Prometheus
-keeps the `instance` label as `exported_instance` unless the scrape sets
+What `GET /_sww/metrics` answers with, at `waf`'s own address. "Metrics
+endpoint" in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md) describes the endpoint. Prometheus keeps
+the `instance` label as `exported_instance` unless the scrape sets
 `honor_labels: true`. `rproxy` has no metrics.
 
 Every `sww_*request_bytes_total` and `sww_*response_bytes_total` series counts
-body bytes, never headers, whatever `SWW_BYTES_COUNT` says.
+body bytes, never headers, whatever `SWW_WAF_BYTES_COUNT` says.
 
 ## Traffic
 
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ body bytes, never headers, whatever `SWW_BYTES_COUNT` says.
 - `sww_request_duration_seconds` and `sww_upstream_duration_seconds`, as
   histograms;
 - `sww_requests_in_flight`: the questions and requests to its own endpoints that
-  `discriminator` is handling.
+  `waf` is handling.
 
 ## Limits and bans
 
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ body bytes, never headers, whatever `SWW_BYTES_COUNT` says.
 
 ## Countries and AS numbers
 
-For the `SWW_METRICS_TOP_N` busiest of each, the rest as `other`:
+For the `SWW_WAF_METRICS_TOP_N` busiest of each, the rest as `other`:
 
 - `sww_country_requests_total`, `sww_country_request_bytes_total`,
   `sww_country_response_bytes_total` and `sww_country_list_refusals_total`, by
@@ -58,9 +58,9 @@ By `source`: each list's URL, each zone, and `abuseipdb`:
 - `sww_reputation_last_fetch_timestamp_seconds`, for a list;
 - `sww_reputation_daily_budget_remaining`, for AbuseIPDB.
 
-## State files
+## State and cache files
 
-By `file`:
+By `file`, the name of a state or cache file:
 
 - `sww_state_file_writes_total`, `sww_state_file_write_failures_total`,
   `sww_state_file_last_write_timestamp_seconds` and `sww_state_file_size_bytes`;
@@ -78,8 +78,8 @@ By `file`:
 
 ## When a request is counted
 
-`discriminator` counts a denied request at its decision, and a request to its
-own endpoints when it is answered. It counts an allowed request when its report
+`waf` counts a denied request at its decision, and a request to its own
+endpoints when it is answered. It counts an allowed request when its report
 comes, with the status, bytes and times the report gives. These are not counted:
 
 - a report itself;

docs/request-log.md

@@ -1,32 +1,32 @@
 # The request log's fields
 
-The fields of the JSON objects `rproxy` and `discriminator` write about each
-request. "Request log" and "The log" in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md) say when a line
-is written and how the log is sent to a syslog server. A field that does not
-apply to a request is left out.
+The fields of the JSON objects `rproxy` and `waf` write about each request.
+"Request log" and "The log" in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md) say when a line is
+written and how the log is sent to a syslog server. A field that does not apply
+to a request is left out.
 
-## `discriminator`'s lines
+## `waf`'s lines
 
-`sww discriminator` writes two lines for each question it answers, joined by
-`request_id`. The field `discriminator_line` says which of the two a line is:
+`sww waf` writes two lines for each question it answers, joined by `request_id`.
+The field `waf_line` says which of the two a line is:
 
 - `decision`: the line it writes once it has answered the question;
 - `report`: the line it writes when `rproxy`'s report comes, with everything
   known. The repetition is intended.
 
-A request to its own endpoints writes one line, without `discriminator_line`. A
-report writes no line but the `report` line of the request it names.
+A request to its own endpoints writes one line, without `waf_line`. A report
+writes no line but the `report` line of the request it names.
 
 These questions write no line:
 
-- a question refused with `400` (see "The question" under "`discriminator`" in
+- a question refused with `400` (see "The question" under "`waf`" in
   [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md));
 - a question whose body stopped arriving, which gets no answer.
 
 A `report` line:
 
 ```
-{"type":"request","discriminator_line":"report","time":"2026-10-03T12:00:00.123Z","instance":"fsn1/discriminator","client_ip":"203.0.113.9","method":"GET","scheme":"https","host":"app.example","path":"/","query":"","protocol":"HTTP/1.1","status":200,"request_bytes":0,"response_bytes":5120,"referer":"","user_agent":"curl/8.9.1","request_id":"7Q2NHZ4KJ3VXW5YB6R3MEFTD2A","peer_ip":"172.18.0.2","forwarded_for":"203.0.113.9","client_group":"203.0.113.9/32","asn":"AS64496","as_name":"Example Net","country":"DE","request_headers":{"accept":"*/*"},"action":"forward","counts":{"minute":1,"hour":12,"day":40,"minute_bytes":5120,"hour_bytes":61440,"day_bytes":204800},"core_rule_set_score":0,"duration_total_ms":3.217,"duration_checks_ms":0.041,"duration_core_rule_set_ms":0.029,"duration_upstream_total_ms":3.104}
+{"type":"request","waf_line":"report","time":"2026-10-03T12:00:00.123Z","instance":"fsn1/waf","client_ip":"203.0.113.9","method":"GET","scheme":"https","host":"app.example","path":"/","query":"","protocol":"HTTP/1.1","status":200,"request_bytes":0,"response_bytes":5120,"referer":"","user_agent":"curl/8.9.1","request_id":"7Q2NHZ4KJ3VXW5YB6R3MEFTD2A","peer_ip":"172.18.0.2","forwarded_for":"203.0.113.9","client_group":"203.0.113.9/32","asn":"AS64496","as_name":"Example Net","country":"DE","request_headers":{"accept":"*/*"},"action":"forward","counts":{"minute":1,"hour":12,"day":40,"minute_bytes":5120,"hour_bytes":61440,"day_bytes":204800},"core_rule_set_score":0,"duration_total_ms":3.217,"duration_checks_ms":0.041,"duration_core_rule_set_ms":0.029,"duration_upstream_total_ms":3.104}
 ```
 
 ### Every line
@@ -41,10 +41,9 @@ Every one of these lines has:
 
 ### Standard web log fields
 
-- `time`: when `discriminator` had read the question's body, RFC 3339 with
-  milliseconds, in UTC. The `report` line gives the same time as the `decision`
-  line.
-- `instance`: `SWW_INSTANCE_NAME`.
+- `time`: when `waf` had read the question's body, RFC 3339 with milliseconds,
+  in UTC. The `report` line gives the same time as the `decision` line.
+- `instance`: `SWW_WAF_INSTANCE_NAME`.
 - `client_ip`: the visitor's address, as `rproxy` worked it out.
 - `method`, `path` and `query`: the visitor's request.
 - `scheme`: how the visitor reached `rproxy` or the trusted proxy in front of
@@ -52,9 +51,8 @@ Every one of these lines has:
 - `host`: the site the visitor asked for.
 - `protocol`: the question's own, `HTTP/1.1`.
 - `status`:
-    - on the `decision` line, what `discriminator` answered: `200` for `allow`,
-      the status of `deny`, or `0` for `close`, as the visitor is then sent
-      nothing;
+    - on the `decision` line, what `waf` answered: `200` for `allow`, the status
+      of `deny`, or `0` for `close`, as the visitor is then sent nothing;
     - on the `report` line, what the visitor got, `0` if nothing.
 - `request_bytes`:
     - on the `decision` line, how much of the question's body the Core Rule Set
@@ -62,7 +60,7 @@ Every one of these lines has:
     - on the `report` line, the bytes of the visitor's body that `rproxy` read,
       with what a WebSocket carried from the visitor.
 - `response_bytes`:
-    - on the `decision` line, the body of `discriminator`'s answer;
+    - on the `decision` line, the body of `waf`'s answer;
     - on the `report` line, the bytes of the answer's body, with what a
       WebSocket carried from the app.
 - `referer` and `user_agent`.
@@ -79,25 +77,25 @@ Every one of these lines has:
     - lookups are off;
     - the client is not looked up;
     - the source cannot place the client;
-    - GeoJS had not answered by the time `discriminator` answered.
+    - GeoJS had not answered by the time `waf` answered.
 - `content_type`: the visitor's `Content-Type`.
 - `content_length`: the body length the visitor announced.
-- `request_headers`: the headers listed in `SWW_LOG_REQUEST_HEADERS`, by name in
-  lower case.
+- `request_headers`: the headers listed in `SWW_WAF_LOG_REQUEST_HEADERS`, by
+  name in lower case.
 - `has_authorization` and `has_cookie`: true when the request had those headers.
   Their values are never logged.
 
 ### Response detail
 
-- `response_content_type`: the type of `discriminator`'s own answer.
+- `response_content_type`: the type of `waf`'s own answer.
 - `aborted`: true when `rproxy` went away before the answer.
 
 ### Decision
 
 - `action`: what was done:
     - `forward`: answered `allow`, so that `rproxy` passes it to the app;
-    - `client_denied`: refused for `SWW_DENY_NETS`, for a reputation source with
-      the action `deny`, or for a tag in `SWW_TAG_DENY`;
+    - `client_denied`: refused for `SWW_WAF_DENY_NETS`, for a reputation source
+      with the action `deny`, or for a tag in `SWW_WAF_TAG_DENY`;
     - `temporarily_banned`: refused under a ban that runs out, or for a `ban`
       rule, a trap path or a CrowdSec decision that made such a ban;
     - `permanently_banned`: refused under a ban that never runs out, including a
@@ -105,8 +103,8 @@ Every one of these lines has:
     - `country_denied`, `client_is_rate_limited`, `blocked_by_block_rule` and
       `blocked_by_core_rule_set`: refused by that check;
     - `request_header_too_large`: over a header limit;
-    - `own_endpoint`: answered at one of `discriminator`'s own endpoints, or
-      `404` for a path under `/_sww/`.
+    - `own_endpoint`: answered at one of `waf`'s own endpoints, or `404` for a
+      path under `/_sww/`.
 - `would_action`: in `observe` mode, what `enforce` mode would have done with a
   request it would have refused. `action` then names what was done, normally
   `forward`.
@@ -114,26 +112,27 @@ Every one of these lines has:
   is left out when none did.
 - `heuristic_figures`: an object of the figures that heuristic acted on. Each
   heuristic and its figures:
-    - `deny_nets`: `netblock`, the entry of `SWW_DENY_NETS` the client is in;
+    - `deny_nets`: `netblock`, the entry of `SWW_WAF_DENY_NETS` the client is
+      in;
     - `active_ban`: `netblock`, the ban's netblock, and `ban_expires`;
     - `countries`: `country`, and `setting`, the country list that refused it;
-    - `tag_deny`: `tag`, the tag of `SWW_TAG_DENY` the request carries;
+    - `tag_deny`: `tag`, the tag of `SWW_WAF_TAG_DENY` the request carries;
     - `blocklists`: `lists`, the blocklist URLs that list the client;
     - `crowdsec`: `scenario`, the decision's scenario, and `expires`, when the
       decision ends;
     - `dnsbl`: `zones`, the DNS blocklist zones that list the client, their keys
       masked;
-    - `abuseipdb`: `score`, and `min_score`, `SWW_ABUSEIPDB_MIN_SCORE`;
+    - `abuseipdb`: `score`, and `min_score`, `SWW_WAF_ABUSEIPDB_MIN_SCORE`;
     - `rate_limits`: `window`, `count` and `limit`;
     - `trap_paths`: `path`, the trap path asked for;
     - `rule_files`: `rule_id` and `rule_action`, of the rule that refused it;
     - `header_limits`: `fields`, `fields_limit`, `cookies` and `cookies_limit`;
-    - `core_rule_set`: `score`, and `threshold`, `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD`;
+    - `core_rule_set`: `score`, and `threshold`,
+      `SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD`;
     - `refusal_limit`: `window`, `count` and `limit`, of the error burst;
     - `byte_limits`: `window`, `count` and `limit`, the count in bytes.
-- `after_answer_heuristic`: the heuristic that banned the client after
-  `discriminator` answered the request, in `observe` mode too: `refusal_limit`
-  or `byte_limits`.
+- `after_answer_heuristic`: the heuristic that banned the client after `waf`
+  answered the request, in `observe` mode too: `refusal_limit` or `byte_limits`.
 - `after_answer_heuristic_figures`: an object of the figures that heuristic
   acted on, as listed above.
 
@@ -149,7 +148,7 @@ Every one of these lines has:
   holds:
     - `minute`, `hour` and `day`: requests;
     - `minute_bytes`, `hour_bytes` and `day_bytes`: the body bytes
-      `SWW_BYTES_COUNT` names, in that window.
+      `SWW_WAF_BYTES_COUNT` names, in that window.
 
     A count can have a fraction (see "Counting method" in
     [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md)). The bytes counted for an allowed request and its
@@ -159,7 +158,7 @@ Every one of these lines has:
 - `limit_hit`: the limit broken:
     - `minute`, `hour` or `day` for a rate limit;
     - `minute_bytes`, `hour_bytes` or `day_bytes` for a byte limit;
-    - `minute_refusals` for the error burst (`SWW_ERROR_BURST_THRESHOLD`).
+    - `minute_refusals` for the error burst (`SWW_WAF_ERROR_BURST_THRESHOLD`).
 
     When the bytes counted for a request and its response break a limit, the
     request has been passed on whole, so its `action` stays `forward`. Only its
@@ -177,7 +176,7 @@ Every one of these lines has:
 - `tags`: the request's tags, sorted, left out when it has none. Each tag and
   where it comes from is under "Request tags" in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md).
 - `routewatch_tags_missing`: why the request got no tags from routewatch,
-  present only while `SWW_ROUTEWATCH_URL` is set:
+  present only while `SWW_WAF_ROUTEWATCH_URL` is set:
     - `no_answer_yet`: routewatch has not answered about this client yet;
     - `request_failed`: a query to routewatch failed within the last minute, and
       the process log says why;
@@ -191,8 +190,8 @@ Every one of these lines has:
 All in milliseconds:
 
 - `duration_total_ms`:
-    - on the `decision` line, from `discriminator` having read the question's
-      body to the line;
+    - on the `decision` line, from `waf` having read the question's body to the
+      line;
     - on the `report` line, from `rproxy` having read the request's headers to
       the end of the answer.
 - `duration_checks_ms`: to the end of the checks;
@@ -202,8 +201,8 @@ All in milliseconds:
 
 ### Requests to its own endpoints
 
-The line of a request to `discriminator`'s own endpoints has these fields, with
-these meanings where they differ:
+The line of a request to `waf`'s own endpoints has these fields, with these
+meanings where they differ:
 
 - `client_ip` and `peer_ip`: the request's TCP peer.
 - `request_id`: a new random one of 26 letters and digits.
@@ -216,7 +215,7 @@ these meanings where they differ:
 ## `rproxy`'s line
 
 `sww rproxy` writes one short line for each request. `request_id` joins it to
-`discriminator`'s two. It has these fields and no others:
+`waf`'s two. It has these fields and no others:
 
 - `type`: `request`.
 - `time`: when the request arrived, RFC 3339 with milliseconds, in UTC.
@@ -231,16 +230,16 @@ these meanings where they differ:
   carried from the app.
 - `duration_request_ms`: milliseconds from the request's headers being read
   until the app had been sent the whole request, or the answer started if that
-  was sooner. It includes the wait for `discriminator`.
+  was sooner. It includes the wait for `waf`.
 - `duration_response_ms`: milliseconds from then until the end of the answer.
 - `disposition`: what was done with the request: `allow`, `deny` or `close`. It
-  is `discriminator`'s answer, or the value of `SWRP_DEFAULT_DISPOSITION`. It is
+  is `waf`'s answer, or the value of `SWW_RPROXY_DEFAULT_DISPOSITION`. It is
   left out when:
-    - `discriminator` was not asked, as for the health check;
-    - the visitor went away while `discriminator` was being asked;
-    - `discriminator`'s answer had no valid `X-Sww-Disposition`;
-    - `rproxy` could not pass on `discriminator`'s answer, and answered `502`.
-- `default_disposition`: `true` when `SWRP_DEFAULT_DISPOSITION` gave
+    - `waf` was not asked, as for the health check;
+    - the visitor went away while `waf` was being asked;
+    - `waf`'s answer had no valid `X-Sww-Disposition`;
+    - `rproxy` could not pass on `waf`'s answer, and answered `502`.
+- `default_disposition`: `true` when `SWW_RPROXY_DEFAULT_DISPOSITION` gave
   `disposition`, and otherwise left out.
 
 For example:

docs/rules.md

@@ -54,20 +54,18 @@ empty-agent      user_agent  log     ^$
 
 ## A file of your own
 
-`discriminator` reads the rule files in its own container. Rules of your own go
-in a file named to sort after the default, such as `50-site.rules`:
+`waf` reads the rule files in its own container. Rules of your own go in a file
+named to sort after the default, such as `50-site.rules`:
 
 ```
 # 50-site.rules: WordPress probes, which this site never serves
 wp-probe         path        ban     (?i)^/(wp-login\.php|xmlrpc\.php|wp-admin/)
 ```
 
-A `Dockerfile` built on the `smallwebwaf` image, for `discriminator` to run
-from, adds it:
+A `Dockerfile` built on the `smallwebwaf` image, for `waf` to run from, adds it:
 
 ```dockerfile
 COPY 50-site.rules /etc/sww/rules.d/50-site.rules
 ```
 
-Or mount it there. A `path` rule applies on every site behind that
-`discriminator`.
+Or mount it there. A `path` rule applies on every site behind that `waf`.

docs/settings.md

@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ Every setting, its default and the values it takes, in the groups of "Settings"
 in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md). That section gives the conventions, the settings
 that take `off`, the `_FILE` form, and what each group does and why.
 
-The settings that start with `SWW_` are `discriminator`'s. Those that start with
-`SWRP_` are `rproxy`'s, and are under "`rproxy`" below. `SWW_COMMAND` chooses
-between the two (see "The image's command" below).
+The settings that start with `SWW_WAF_` are `waf`'s. Those that start with
+`SWW_RPROXY_` are `rproxy`'s, and are under "`rproxy`" below. `SWW_COMMAND`
+chooses between the two (see "The image's command" below).
 
 ## Forms of values
 
@@ -28,97 +28,100 @@ between the two (see "The image's command" below).
 
 ## Core
 
-- `SWW_LISTEN_ADDR` (default `:8080`): where `discriminator` listens: `:` and a
-  port, such as `:9000`. Leave the host out (see "Ports" in
-  [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md)).
-- `SWW_INSTANCE_NAME` (default: the container's host name): the `instance` name
-  in each line `discriminator` logs, and in each alert and metric, such as
-  `fsn1/discriminator`. Valid UTF-8. No control character while
-  `SWW_ALERT_NTFY_URL` is set. 1 to 48 printable ASCII characters without a
-  space while `SWW_LOG_REMOTE_URL` is set and `SWW_LOG_REMOTE_APP_NAME` is not.
-- `SWW_MODE` (default `enforce`): `enforce` or `observe`.
-- `SWW_IPV6_GROUP_PREFIX` (default `64`): the prefix length of an IPv6 client's
-  group, from 32 to 128.
-- `SWW_MAX_TRACKED_CLIENTS` (default `20000`): the most clients kept, a whole
-  number above zero.
-- `SWW_MAX_BANS` (default `5000`): how many of its own bans `discriminator`
-  keeps, a whole number above zero.
+- `SWW_WAF_LISTEN_ADDR` (default `:8080`): where `waf` listens: `:` and a port,
+  such as `:9000`. Leave the host out (see "Ports" in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md)).
+- `SWW_WAF_INSTANCE_NAME` (default: the container's host name): the `instance`
+  name in each line `waf` logs, and in each alert and metric, such as
+  `fsn1/waf`. Valid UTF-8. No control character while `SWW_WAF_ALERT_NTFY_URL`
+  is set. 1 to 48 printable ASCII characters without a space while
+  `SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_URL` is set and `SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_APP_NAME` is not.
+- `SWW_WAF_MODE` (default `enforce`): `enforce` or `observe`.
+- `SWW_WAF_IPV6_GROUP_PREFIX` (default `64`): the prefix length of an IPv6
+  client's group, from 32 to 128.
+- `SWW_WAF_MAX_TRACKED_CLIENTS` (default `20000`): the most clients kept, a
+  whole number above zero.
+- `SWW_WAF_MAX_BANS` (default `5000`): how many of its own bans `waf` keeps, a
+  whole number above zero.
 
 ## Tokens
 
-- `SWW_ADMIN_TOKEN` (default unset): the token for the ban endpoints and
+- `SWW_WAF_ADMIN_TOKEN` (default unset): the token for the ban endpoints and
   `/_sww/clients/<ip>`. At least 32 characters.
-- `SWW_METRICS_TOKEN` (default unset): the token for `/_sww/metrics`. At least
-  32 characters.
+- `SWW_WAF_METRICS_TOKEN` (default unset): the token for `/_sww/metrics`. At
+  least 32 characters.
 
-## State files
+## State and cache files
 
-- `SWW_STATE_DIR` (default `/var/lib/sww`): the directory of the state files, an
-  absolute path that exists and can be written.
-- `SWW_STATE_WRITE_DELAY` (default `10s`): how long `bans.json` waits to be
+- `SWW_WAF_STATE_DIR` (default `/var/lib/sww`): the directory of the state
+  files, an absolute path that can be written. The image's `run` script makes
+  it.
+- `SWW_WAF_STATE_WRITE_DELAY` (default `10s`): how long `bans.json` waits to be
   written after a ban is made, lifted or made permanent. A duration.
-- `SWW_STATE_COUNTER_INTERVAL` (default `15m`): how often every state file is
-  written. A duration.
+- `SWW_WAF_STATE_COUNTER_INTERVAL` (default `15m`): how often every state and
+  cache file is written. A duration.
+- `SWW_WAF_CACHE_DIR` (default `/var/cache/sww`): the directory of the cache
+  files, an absolute path that can be written. The image's `run` script makes
+  it.
 
 ## Logging
 
-- `SWW_LOG_LEVEL` (default `info`): the least severe of `discriminator`'s own
-  messages that are written: `debug`, `info`, `warn` or `error`.
-- `SWW_LOG_REQUEST_HEADERS` (default
+- `SWW_WAF_LOG_LEVEL` (default `info`): the least severe of `waf`'s own messages
+  that are written: `debug`, `info`, `warn` or `error`.
+- `SWW_WAF_LOG_REQUEST_HEADERS` (default
   `accept,accept-language,accept-encoding,content-type,origin,range`): the
   request headers recorded in the log line, in either case. `Host` and
   `Transfer-Encoding` are refused; the host is the field `host`.
-- `SWW_LOG_REMOTE_URL` (default unset): a syslog server that also gets every
+- `SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_URL` (default unset): a syslog server that also gets every
   line written to stdout: `syslog+udp://`, `syslog+tcp://` or `syslog+tls://`,
   each with a host and a port and nothing more.
-- `SWW_LOG_REMOTE_TLS_CA_FILE` (default unset): a file of PEM certificates that
-  a `syslog+tls` server's certificate must chain to, instead of the host's own.
-  A file that cannot be read, or holds no certificate, is refused.
-- `SWW_LOG_REMOTE_BUFFER` (default `10000`): the most lines held while they wait
-  to be sent, a whole number above zero.
-- `SWW_LOG_REMOTE_FACILITY` (default `local0`): the syslog facility: `kern`,
+- `SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_TLS_CA_FILE` (default unset): a file of PEM certificates
+  that a `syslog+tls` server's certificate must chain to, instead of the host's
+  own. A file that cannot be read, or holds no certificate, is refused.
+- `SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_BUFFER` (default `10000`): the most lines held while they
+  wait to be sent, a whole number above zero.
+- `SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_FACILITY` (default `local0`): the syslog facility: `kern`,
   `user`, `mail`, `daemon`, `auth`, `syslog`, `lpr`, `news`, `uucp`, `cron`,
   `authpriv`, `ftp`, or `local0` to `local7`.
-- `SWW_LOG_REMOTE_APP_NAME` (default: `SWW_INSTANCE_NAME`): the app name in each
-  syslog record, 1 to 48 printable ASCII characters without a space.
+- `SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_APP_NAME` (default: `SWW_WAF_INSTANCE_NAME`): the app name
+  in each syslog record, 1 to 48 printable ASCII characters without a space.
 
 ## Metrics
 
-- `SWW_METRICS_TOP_N` (default `50`): how many AS numbers and how many countries
-  get series of their own. A whole number above zero.
+- `SWW_WAF_METRICS_TOP_N` (default `50`): how many AS numbers and how many
+  countries get series of their own. A whole number above zero.
 
 ## Static lists
 
-- `SWW_ALLOW_NETS` (default empty): netblocks you trust, such as your monitoring
-  (see step 4 in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md)).
-- `SWW_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_NETS` (default empty): netblocks whose clients are
+- `SWW_WAF_ALLOW_NETS` (default empty): netblocks you trust, such as your
+  monitoring (see step 4 in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md)).
+- `SWW_WAF_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_NETS` (default empty): netblocks whose clients are
   exempt from rate limiting and the byte limits.
-- `SWW_DENY_NETS` (default empty): netblocks whose clients are refused (see step
-  4 in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md)).
+- `SWW_WAF_DENY_NETS` (default empty): netblocks whose clients are refused (see
+  step 4 in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md)).
 
 ## Request rate limits, per client
 
 The request past one of these limits is refused, and the client is banned.
 
-- `SWW_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE` (default `120`, 2 a second): the most requests a
-  client may make in a minute. A count or `off`. The default leaves room for a
+- `SWW_WAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE` (default `120`, 2 a second): the most requests
+  a client may make in a minute. A count or `off`. The default leaves room for a
   person opening two pages at once with an empty cache, up to 60 files each.
-- `SWW_RATE_LIMIT_PER_HOUR` (default `1500`): the most requests a client may
+- `SWW_WAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_HOUR` (default `1500`): the most requests a client may
   make in an hour. A count or `off`. It is the main limit against scrapers. A
   person reading a site for an hour, a page every 20 seconds, makes about 900. A
   scraper making one request every 2 seconds makes 1,800 an hour, more than the
   limit.
-- `SWW_RATE_LIMIT_PER_DAY` (default `6000`): the most requests a client may make
-  in a day. A count or `off`. The default is four hours at the hour limit. A
-  scraper making one request every 10 seconds makes 8,640 a day, more than the
+- `SWW_WAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_DAY` (default `6000`): the most requests a client may
+  make in a day. A count or `off`. The default is four hours at the hour limit.
+  A scraper making one request every 10 seconds makes 8,640 a day, more than the
   limit.
 - A CI runner asks its code forge for work all day and can pass the limits. Put
-  the runners' addresses in `SWW_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_NETS`. Do the same for a
+  the runners' addresses in `SWW_WAF_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_NETS`. Do the same for a
   network where many people share one address, such as an office.
 - Counting cannot catch a client that stays under all three limits (see "Request
   rate limits, per client" in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md)).
-- `SWW_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_PATHS` (default empty): path prefixes exempt from rate
-  limiting and the byte limits, such as `/assets/`.
+- `SWW_WAF_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_PATHS` (default empty): path prefixes exempt from
+  rate limiting and the byte limits, such as `/assets/`.
 
 ## Byte limits, per client
 
@@ -128,236 +131,240 @@ counted for a request and its response are added to the client's total once the
 response has ended. The request that takes a client's total past a limit is not
 cut off; the client is banned.
 
-- `SWW_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE` (default `off`), `SWW_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_HOUR`
-  (default `50G`) and `SWW_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_DAY` (default `100G`): the most bytes
-  counted for a client in each window, a size or `off`. `SWW_BYTES_COUNT` says
-  which bytes count: response bodies, request bodies or both. The request that
-  passes the limit is not cut off, and the client is banned when its response
-  ends.
-- `SWW_BYTES_COUNT` (default `both`): what the byte limits and the byte anomaly
-  thresholds count: `response`, the app's response bodies; `request`, the
-  visitors' request bodies; or `both`. What the visitor sent over a WebSocket
-  counts as request bytes, and what the app sent as response bytes.
+- `SWW_WAF_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE` (default `off`),
+  `SWW_WAF_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_HOUR` (default `50G`) and
+  `SWW_WAF_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_DAY` (default `100G`): the most bytes counted for a
+  client in each window, a size or `off`. `SWW_WAF_BYTES_COUNT` says which bytes
+  count: response bodies, request bodies or both. The request that passes the
+  limit is not cut off, and the client is banned when its response ends.
+- `SWW_WAF_BYTES_COUNT` (default `both`): what the byte limits and the byte
+  anomaly thresholds count: `response`, the app's response bodies; `request`,
+  the visitors' request bodies; or `both`. What the visitor sent over a
+  WebSocket counts as request bytes, and what the app sent as response bytes.
 
 ## Lookup of AS number and country
 
-- `SWW_LOOKUP_SOURCE` (default `geojs`): `geojs`, `file` or `off`. `off` stops
-  the start while a setting that needs a lookup is set:
-    - `SWW_EXCLUSIVELY_ALLOWED_COUNTRIES`;
-    - `SWW_ADD_LOOKUP_HEADERS`;
-    - `SWW_TAG_DENY` or `SWW_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT` naming a `country=` tag, or an
-      `asn=` tag while `SWW_ROUTEWATCH_URL` is unset;
-    - the two byte percentage lists and `SWW_ASN_LIMIT_PERCENT_URL`;
-    - `SWW_UNKNOWN_LIMIT_PERCENT` below `100`;
+- `SWW_WAF_LOOKUP_SOURCE` (default `geojs`): `geojs`, `file` or `off`. `off`
+  stops the start while a setting that needs a lookup is set:
+    - `SWW_WAF_EXCLUSIVELY_ALLOWED_COUNTRIES`;
+    - `SWW_WAF_ADD_LOOKUP_HEADERS`;
+    - `SWW_WAF_TAG_DENY` or `SWW_WAF_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT` naming a `country=` tag,
+      or an `asn=` tag while `SWW_WAF_ROUTEWATCH_URL` is unset;
+    - the two byte percentage lists and `SWW_WAF_ASN_LIMIT_PERCENT_URL`;
+    - `SWW_WAF_UNKNOWN_LIMIT_PERCENT` below `100`;
     - an anomaly threshold per AS number.
-- `SWW_LOOKUP_DB_PATH` (default empty): the IPinfo Lite database file, in its
-  `.mmdb` form, for `SWW_LOOKUP_SOURCE=file`.
-- `SWW_LOOKUP_TIMEOUT` (default `800ms`): how long a request waits for its
+- `SWW_WAF_LOOKUP_DB_PATH` (default empty): the IPinfo Lite database file, in
+  its `.mmdb` form, for `SWW_WAF_LOOKUP_SOURCE=file`.
+- `SWW_WAF_LOOKUP_TIMEOUT` (default `800ms`): how long a request waits for its
   client's first answer from GeoJS, and how long a request to GeoJS may take. A
   duration; never `off`.
-- `SWW_ADD_LOOKUP_HEADERS` (default `false`): `true` has `rproxy` pass the app
-  the client's AS number in `X-Client-ASN` and its country in
+- `SWW_WAF_ADD_LOOKUP_HEADERS` (default `false`): `true` has `rproxy` pass the
+  app the client's AS number in `X-Client-ASN` and its country in
   `X-Client-Country`.
 
 ## Country list
 
-- `SWW_EXCLUSIVELY_ALLOWED_COUNTRIES` (default empty): when set, the only
+- `SWW_WAF_EXCLUSIVELY_ALLOWED_COUNTRIES` (default empty): when set, the only
   countries whose clients get through, such as `us,de`. A country whose
-  `country=` tag is in `SWW_TAG_DENY` stops the start.
+  `country=` tag is in `SWW_WAF_TAG_DENY` stops the start.
 
 ## Request tags
 
-Every request gets tags from what `discriminator` knows of its client. See
-"Request tags" in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md).
+Every request gets tags from what `waf` knows of its client. See "Request tags"
+in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md).
 
-- `SWW_TAG_LISTS` (default empty): address lists that each add a tag, as
+- `SWW_WAF_TAG_LISTS` (default empty): address lists that each add a tag, as
   `name=URL` pairs, such as `torexit=https://example.com/tor.txt`. A name is the
   tag, and may hold `=`, such as `vpn=mullvad`. Each list is an `http` or
   `https` URL fetched like a blocklist. A name or URL listed twice is refused.
-  So is a URL that is also in `SWW_BLOCKLIST_URLS`, `SWW_ASN_LIMIT_PERCENT_URL`,
-  or the CrowdSec decision list.
-- `SWW_TAG_DENY` (default empty): tags whose requests are refused, such as
+  So is a URL that is also in `SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_URLS`,
+  `SWW_WAF_ASN_LIMIT_PERCENT_URL`, or the CrowdSec decision list.
+- `SWW_WAF_TAG_DENY` (default empty): tags whose requests are refused, such as
   `torexit,country=CN`. A tag listed twice, an `asn=` tag without a number, or a
   `country=` tag without a country, is refused.
-- `SWW_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT` (default empty): tags that lower a client's limits, as
-  tag and percentage pairs, such as `vpn:50,asn=14061:25`. A percentage is from
-  `1` to `99`, of every rate limit and byte limit. The lowest percentage among a
-  client's tags applies. A tag listed twice is refused. So is
+- `SWW_WAF_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT` (default empty): tags that lower a client's
+  limits, as tag and percentage pairs, such as `vpn:50,asn=14061:25`. A
+  percentage is from `1` to `99`, of every rate limit and byte limit. The lowest
+  percentage among a client's tags applies. A tag listed twice is refused. So is
   `exploitsignature`: a request gets that tag after the rate limits have counted
   it.
 
-- `SWW_ROUTEWATCH_URL` (default unset): the `http` or `https` URL of a
+- `SWW_WAF_ROUTEWATCH_URL` (default unset): the `http` or `https` URL of a
   routewatch instance. [routewatch](https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/routewatch) is a
-  service that gives an address's announced netblock and origin AS.
-  `discriminator` asks it about each client, in the background, and adds the
-  tags `asn=<number>` and `prefix=<netblock>` from its answer. While it is
-  unset, nothing asks routewatch and no request gets a `prefix=` tag.
+  service that gives an address's announced netblock and origin AS. `waf` asks
+  it about each client, in the background, and adds the tags `asn=<number>` and
+  `prefix=<netblock>` from its answer. While it is unset, nothing asks
+  routewatch and no request gets a `prefix=` tag.
 
-`SWW_TAG_DENY` and `SWW_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT` accept tags in either case. A tag
-that no request can get stops the start. A request can get only these:
+`SWW_WAF_TAG_DENY` and `SWW_WAF_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT` accept tags in either case. A
+tag that no request can get stops the start. A request can get only these:
 
-- a name in `SWW_TAG_LISTS`;
+- a name in `SWW_WAF_TAG_LISTS`;
 - an `asn=` or `country=` tag;
-- a `prefix=` tag with a netblock, while `SWW_ROUTEWATCH_URL` is set. It matches
-  only that exact announced netblock, such as `prefix=192.0.2.0/24`;
-- a `dnsbl=` tag of a zone in `SWW_DNSBL_ZONES`, in lower case, with a key
+- a `prefix=` tag with a netblock, while `SWW_WAF_ROUTEWATCH_URL` is set. It
+  matches only that exact announced netblock, such as `prefix=192.0.2.0/24`;
+- a `dnsbl=` tag of a zone in `SWW_WAF_DNSBL_ZONES`, in lower case, with a key
   masked as the `reputation` field shows it;
-- `abuseipdb`, while `SWW_ABUSEIPDB_KEY` is set;
-- `exploitsignature`, in `SWW_TAG_DENY` only, while `SWW_RULES_ENABLED` is
-  `true`, or while neither `SWW_WAF_MODE` nor `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD` is
-  `off`.
+- `abuseipdb`, while `SWW_WAF_ABUSEIPDB_KEY` is set;
+- `exploitsignature`, in `SWW_WAF_TAG_DENY` only, while `SWW_WAF_RULES_ENABLED`
+  is `true`, or while neither `SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_MODE` nor
+  `SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD` is `off`.
 
 `crowdsec` stops the start in both settings, because a CrowdSec decision refuses
 the request first.
 
 ## Biased thresholds
 
-- `SWW_ASN_BYTES_PERCENT` and `SWW_COUNTRY_BYTES_PERCENT` (default empty): a
-  percentage of the byte limits alone, for the AS numbers or countries listed,
-  such as `AS14061:50` or `cn:25`. It takes the place of the percentage
-  `SWW_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT` gives their `asn=` or `country=` tag. An AS number or
-  country listed twice is refused.
-- `SWW_UNKNOWN_LIMIT_PERCENT` (default `100`): the percentage for a client the
-  lookup cannot place.
-- `SWW_ASN_LIMIT_PERCENT_URL` (default unset): the `http` or `https` URL of a
-  text file with one AS number and percentage on each line, such as
-  `AS64496:50`. Each entry counts like an `asn=` tag in `SWW_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT`.
-  A URL that is also in `SWW_BLOCKLIST_URLS` is refused.
+- `SWW_WAF_ASN_BYTES_PERCENT` and `SWW_WAF_COUNTRY_BYTES_PERCENT` (default
+  empty): a percentage of the byte limits alone, for the AS numbers or countries
+  listed, such as `AS14061:50` or `cn:25`. It takes the place of the percentage
+  `SWW_WAF_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT` gives their `asn=` or `country=` tag. An AS number
+  or country listed twice is refused.
+- `SWW_WAF_UNKNOWN_LIMIT_PERCENT` (default `100`): the percentage for a client
+  the lookup cannot place.
+- `SWW_WAF_ASN_LIMIT_PERCENT_URL` (default unset): the `http` or `https` URL of
+  a text file with one AS number and percentage on each line, such as
+  `AS64496:50`. Each entry counts like an `asn=` tag in
+  `SWW_WAF_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT`. A URL that is also in `SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_URLS` is
+  refused.
 
 ## Attack detection
 
-- `SWW_RULES_DIR` (default `/etc/sww/rules.d`): the directory of the rule files.
-- `SWW_RULES_ENABLED` (default `true`): `false` reads no rule file.
-- `SWW_TRAP_PATHS` (default empty): paths only scanners ask for, such as
+- `SWW_WAF_RULES_DIR` (default `/etc/sww/rules.d`): the directory of the rule
+  files.
+- `SWW_WAF_RULES_ENABLED` (default `true`): `false` reads no rule file.
+- `SWW_WAF_TRAP_PATHS` (default empty): paths only scanners ask for, such as
   `/wp-login.php,/xmlrpc.php`. Each starts with `/` and holds no `?`.
-- `SWW_WAF_MODE` (default `block`): `off`, `detect` or `block`.
-- `SWW_WAF_PARANOIA_LEVEL` (default `1`): the Core Rule Set's paranoia level,
-  from 1 to 4.
-- `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD` (default `5`): the score at which a request is a
-  match. A whole number above zero, or `off`.
-- `SWW_WAF_DISABLED_RULES` (default
+- `SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_MODE` (default `block`): `off`, `detect` or `block`.
+- `SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_PARANOIA_LEVEL` (default `1`): the Core Rule Set's
+  paranoia level, from 1 to 4.
+- `SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD` (default `5`): the score at which a
+  request is a match. A whole number above zero, or `off`.
+- `SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_DISABLED_RULES` (default
   `920340,920420,920440,920640,930130,930140`): the ids of Core Rule Set rules
   to switch off. Each a whole number above zero. An id from 900000 to 900999 is
   refused: those are the rules that set the Core Rule Set up, and
   `smallwebwaf`'s own.
-- `SWW_WAF_EXEMPT_PATHS` (default empty): path prefixes the Core Rule Set does
-  not inspect.
-- `SWW_WAF_BODY_LIMIT` (default `off`): `off`, or how much of a request body the
-  Core Rule Set reads, a size of at most `64K`. A question carries no more of a
-  body than 64 KiB, and the Core Rule Set reads at most 64 KiB less one byte of
-  it, whatever the value (see "The answer" in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md)).
-- `SWW_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE` (default unset): a file of Core Rule Set
-  exclusions, written as Coraza directives. It is loaded before the Core Rule
-  Set's rules, so it holds only `SecAction` and `SecRule` lines that exclude
-  with `ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById` or `ctl:ruleRemoveById`. A file that cannot be
-  read or does not parse stops the start, whatever `SWW_WAF_MODE` is. So does a
-  file that names a number from 900000 to 900999 outside a comment, alone or in
-  a range. So does a directive that removes or changes rules as the file loads,
-  such as `SecRuleRemoveById`, since none of the Core Rule Set's rules is loaded
-  yet. It has no `_FILE` form.
-- `SWW_ERROR_BURST_THRESHOLD` (default `30`): the most refusals a client may get
-  in a minute from a rule file, a trap path or the Core Rule Set, a count or
+- `SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_EXEMPT_PATHS` (default empty): path prefixes the Core
+  Rule Set does not inspect.
+- `SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_BODY_LIMIT` (default `off`): `off`, or how much of a
+  request body the Core Rule Set reads, a size of at most `64K`. A question
+  carries no more of a body than 64 KiB, and the Core Rule Set reads at most 64
+  KiB less one byte of it, whatever the value (see "The answer" in
+  [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md)).
+- `SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE` (default unset): a file of Core Rule
+  Set exclusions, written as Coraza directives. It is loaded before the Core
+  Rule Set's rules, so it holds only `SecAction` and `SecRule` lines that
+  exclude with `ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById` or `ctl:ruleRemoveById`. A file that
+  cannot be read or does not parse stops the start, whatever
+  `SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_MODE` is. So does a file that names a number from
+  900000 to 900999 outside a comment, alone or in a range. So does a directive
+  that removes or changes rules as the file loads, such as `SecRuleRemoveById`,
+  since none of the Core Rule Set's rules is loaded yet. It has no `_FILE` form.
+- `SWW_WAF_ERROR_BURST_THRESHOLD` (default `30`): the most refusals a client may
+  get in a minute from a rule file, a trap path or the Core Rule Set, a count or
   `off`. The next one bans the client (see "Attack detection" in `SPEC.md`).
 
 ## Ban lengths, response and scope
 
-- `SWW_BAN_RESPONSE` (default `403`): `403`, `429` or `close`.
-- `SWW_LIMIT_BAN_DURATION` (default `1h`): the ban for a first broken limit. A
-  duration.
-- `SWW_LIMIT_BAN_REPEAT_WINDOW` (default `24h`): the time after a ban ends
+- `SWW_WAF_BAN_RESPONSE` (default `403`): `403`, `429` or `close`.
+- `SWW_WAF_LIMIT_BAN_DURATION` (default `1h`): the ban for a first broken limit.
+  A duration.
+- `SWW_WAF_LIMIT_BAN_REPEAT_WINDOW` (default `24h`): the time after a ban ends
   within which breaking a limit again lengthens the next ban. A duration.
-- `SWW_MAX_BAN_DURATION` (default `7d`): the longest ban for a broken limit; one
-  that would be longer is permanent. A duration.
-- `SWW_ATTACK_BAN_DURATION` (default `7d`): the ban for a first clear sign of
-  attack. A duration.
-- `SWW_BAN_SCOPE_V4_PREFIX` (default `32`): how much a ban on an IPv4 client
+- `SWW_WAF_MAX_BAN_DURATION` (default `7d`): the longest ban for a broken limit;
+  one that would be longer is permanent. A duration.
+- `SWW_WAF_ATTACK_BAN_DURATION` (default `7d`): the ban for a first clear sign
+  of attack. A duration.
+- `SWW_WAF_BAN_SCOPE_V4_PREFIX` (default `32`): how much a ban on an IPv4 client
   covers: the prefix length of its netblock, from 0 to 32.
 
 ## Reputation
 
-- `SWW_BLOCKLIST_URLS` (default empty): blocklists to fetch, such as
+- `SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_URLS` (default empty): blocklists to fetch, such as
   `https://www.spamhaus.org/drop/drop.txt`. Each an `http` or `https` URL
   without a user or a fragment. A URL listed twice is refused.
-- `SWW_BLOCKLIST_REFRESH` (default `24h`): how long a list waits after its last
-  try before it is fetched again. A duration of `1h` or more.
-- `SWW_BLOCKLIST_ACTION` (default `deny`): `deny`, `limit:<percent>` or `log`.
-- `SWW_DNSBL_ZONES` (default empty): the DNS blocklists to ask, such as
+- `SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_REFRESH` (default `24h`): how long a list waits after its
+  last try before it is fetched again. A duration of `1h` or more.
+- `SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_ACTION` (default `deny`): `deny`, `limit:<percent>` or
+  `log`.
+- `SWW_WAF_DNSBL_ZONES` (default empty): the DNS blocklists to ask, such as
   `dnsbl.dronebl.org`. Each a DNS name of at most 189 characters. A Spamhaus
   zone carries its key, as in `<key>.xbl.dq.spamhaus.net`. A zone listed twice
   is refused, whatever its case or key.
-- `SWW_DNSBL_RESOLVER` (default unset): the resolver to ask the zones through,
-  such as `192.0.2.53` or `[2001:db8::53]:5353`. An IP address with an optional
-  port, 53 when none is given. Unset, the host's resolver is used.
-- `SWW_ABUSEIPDB_KEY` (default unset): the key of your AbuseIPDB account. A
+- `SWW_WAF_DNSBL_RESOLVER` (default unset): the resolver to ask the zones
+  through, such as `192.0.2.53` or `[2001:db8::53]:5353`. An IP address with an
+  optional port, 53 when none is given. Unset, the host's resolver is used.
+- `SWW_WAF_ABUSEIPDB_KEY` (default unset): the key of your AbuseIPDB account. A
   control character in it is refused.
-- `SWW_ABUSEIPDB_MIN_SCORE` (default `75`): the least abuse confidence score,
-  from 0 to 100, that is a hit.
-- `SWW_ABUSEIPDB_DAILY_BUDGET` (default `900`): the most checks made in a day, a
-  whole number above zero. AbuseIPDB's free accounts may make 1,000.
-- `SWW_CROWDSEC_LAPI_URL` (default unset): the local API of a CrowdSec engine
-  you run, such as `http://172.17.0.1:8080`. An `http` or `https` URL without a
-  user or a fragment; its decision list is at `v1/decisions` under it. Set
-  without the key, it is refused. So is a decision list URL that is also in
-  `SWW_BLOCKLIST_URLS`, or that is `SWW_ASN_LIMIT_PERCENT_URL`.
-- `SWW_CROWDSEC_LAPI_KEY` (default unset): the key the engine gave for
+- `SWW_WAF_ABUSEIPDB_MIN_SCORE` (default `75`): the least abuse confidence
+  score, from 0 to 100, that is a hit.
+- `SWW_WAF_ABUSEIPDB_DAILY_BUDGET` (default `900`): the most checks made in a
+  day, a whole number above zero. AbuseIPDB's free accounts may make 1,000.
+- `SWW_WAF_CROWDSEC_LAPI_URL` (default unset): the local API of a CrowdSec
+  engine you run, such as `http://172.17.0.1:8080`. An `http` or `https` URL
+  without a user or a fragment; its decision list is at `v1/decisions` under it.
+  Set without the key, it is refused. So is a decision list URL that is also in
+  `SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_URLS`, or that is `SWW_WAF_ASN_LIMIT_PERCENT_URL`.
+- `SWW_WAF_CROWDSEC_LAPI_KEY` (default unset): the key the engine gave for
   `smallwebwaf`, as `cscli bouncers add smallwebwaf` prints it. Set without the
   URL, it is refused.
-- `SWW_REPUTATION_ACTION` (default `limit:25`): `deny`, `limit:<percent>` or
+- `SWW_WAF_REPUTATION_ACTION` (default `limit:25`): `deny`, `limit:<percent>` or
   `log`, for DNS blocklist and AbuseIPDB hits.
-- `SWW_REPUTATION_CACHE_TTL` (default `24h`): how long a zone's verdict or
+- `SWW_WAF_REPUTATION_CACHE_TTL` (default `24h`): how long a zone's verdict or
   AbuseIPDB's score is used. A duration.
-- `SWW_REPUTATION_TIMEOUT` (default `2s`): how long a query to a zone or a check
-  with AbuseIPDB may take. A duration.
+- `SWW_WAF_REPUTATION_TIMEOUT` (default `2s`): how long a query to a zone or a
+  check with AbuseIPDB may take. A duration.
 
 ## Alerting
 
-- `SWW_ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL` (default unset): the webhook that receives each alert
-  as a JSON object. An `http` or `https` URL without a user or a fragment.
-- `SWW_ALERT_WEBHOOK_HEADERS` (default empty): headers sent with each post, such
-  as `Authorization:Bearer 0123456789abcdef`. A list of name, `:` and value. A
-  value cannot hold a comma.
-- `SWW_ALERT_SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL` (default unset): the Slack incoming webhook that
-  receives each alert as a message, checked as the webhook URL is.
-- `SWW_ALERT_NTFY_URL` (default unset): the ntfy topic that receives each alert,
-  as the topic's full URL, such as `https://ntfy.sh/my-alerts`, checked as the
-  webhook URL is.
-- `SWW_ALERT_NTFY_TOKEN` (default unset): an ntfy access token. A control
+- `SWW_WAF_ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL` (default unset): the webhook that receives each
+  alert as a JSON object. An `http` or `https` URL without a user or a fragment.
+- `SWW_WAF_ALERT_WEBHOOK_HEADERS` (default empty): headers sent with each post,
+  such as `Authorization:Bearer 0123456789abcdef`. A list of name, `:` and
+  value. A value cannot hold a comma.
+- `SWW_WAF_ALERT_SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL` (default unset): the Slack incoming webhook
+  that receives each alert as a message, checked as the webhook URL is.
+- `SWW_WAF_ALERT_NTFY_URL` (default unset): the ntfy topic that receives each
+  alert, as the topic's full URL, such as `https://ntfy.sh/my-alerts`, checked
+  as the webhook URL is.
+- `SWW_WAF_ALERT_NTFY_TOKEN` (default unset): an ntfy access token. A control
   character in it is refused.
-- `SWW_ALERT_EVENTS` (default
+- `SWW_WAF_ALERT_EVENTS` (default
   `ban,permanent_ban,core_rule_set_match,anomaly,reputation_hit,source_failure,file_error`):
   the event types alerts are sent for, from those in [`alerts.md`](alerts.md)
   but `summary`. Any other name is refused.
-- `SWW_ALERT_COOLDOWN` (default `15m`): how long after an alert is sent its
+- `SWW_WAF_ALERT_COOLDOWN` (default `15m`): how long after an alert is sent its
   repeats are held back. A duration or `off`.
-- `SWW_ALERT_MAX_PER_HOUR` (default `60`): the most alerts sent in an hour. A
-  whole number above zero, or `off`.
+- `SWW_WAF_ALERT_MAX_PER_HOUR` (default `60`): the most alerts sent in an hour.
+  A whole number above zero, or `off`.
 
 ## Anomaly thresholds
 
 Each scope has four thresholds: the most requests and the most body bytes
-counted in a minute and in an hour. The bytes are those `SWW_BYTES_COUNT` names.
-Requests are counts, bytes are sizes. Each is `off` by default. The four
+counted in a minute and in an hour. The bytes are those `SWW_WAF_BYTES_COUNT`
+names. Requests are counts, bytes are sizes. Each is `off` by default. The four
 thresholds per client are:
 
-- `SWW_ANOMALY_CLIENT_REQUESTS_PER_MINUTE`;
-- `SWW_ANOMALY_CLIENT_REQUESTS_PER_HOUR`;
-- `SWW_ANOMALY_CLIENT_BYTES_PER_MINUTE`;
-- `SWW_ANOMALY_CLIENT_BYTES_PER_HOUR`.
+- `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_CLIENT_REQUESTS_PER_MINUTE`;
+- `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_CLIENT_REQUESTS_PER_HOUR`;
+- `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_CLIENT_BYTES_PER_MINUTE`;
+- `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_CLIENT_BYTES_PER_HOUR`.
 
 The other scopes' names have another prefix before the same four endings, such
 as `REQUESTS_PER_MINUTE`:
 
-- `SWW_ANOMALY_NET_...`: per netblock around a client. Two settings give the
+- `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_NET_...`: per netblock around a client. Two settings give the
   netblock's length:
-    - `SWW_ANOMALY_NET_V4_PREFIX` (default `24`, from 0 to 32) for an IPv4
+    - `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_NET_V4_PREFIX` (default `24`, from 0 to 32) for an IPv4
       client;
-    - `SWW_ANOMALY_NET_V6_PREFIX` (default `48`, from 0 to 128) for an IPv6
+    - `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_NET_V6_PREFIX` (default `48`, from 0 to 128) for an IPv6
       client.
-- `SWW_ANOMALY_ASN_...`: per AS number.
-- `SWW_ANOMALY_TOTAL_...`: the whole service.
-- `SWW_WATCH_...`: each netblock in `SWW_WATCH_NETS`, as a whole.
-  `SWW_WATCH_NETS` (default empty) is a list of name, `=` and netblock, such as
-  `office=203.0.113.0/24,scraper-x=198.51.100.0/22`. An item without `=` or a
+- `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_ASN_...`: per AS number.
+- `SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_TOTAL_...`: the whole service.
+- `SWW_WAF_WATCH_...`: each netblock in `SWW_WAF_WATCH_NETS`, as a whole.
+  `SWW_WAF_WATCH_NETS` (default empty) is a list of name, `=` and netblock, such
+  as `office=203.0.113.0/24,scraper-x=198.51.100.0/22`. An item without `=` or a
   name, or with a bad netblock, is refused. So is a name used twice.
 
 ## Settings given as files
@@ -377,8 +384,8 @@ Then mount its directory into the container read-only, and name the file:
 ```sh
 docker run \
     -v /srv/app/tokens:/etc/sww/tokens:ro \
-    -e SWW_COMMAND=discriminator \
-    -e SWW_METRICS_TOKEN_FILE=/etc/sww/tokens/metrics \
+    -e SWW_COMMAND=waf \
+    -e SWW_WAF_METRICS_TOKEN_FILE=/etc/sww/tokens/metrics \
     ...
 ```
 
@@ -391,82 +398,82 @@ A few limits are fixed rather than settings:
 - at most 1,000 DNS blocklist queries are under way at once;
 - at most 20,000 anomaly counters are kept;
 - each alert destination's queue holds at most 1,000 alerts;
-- `discriminator` holds at most 10,000 answered requests awaiting their reports;
-- `discriminator` refuses a request with more than 50 cookies or more than 100
-  header fields (see "Answering in time" under "`discriminator`" in
-  [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md));
+- `waf` holds at most 10,000 answered requests awaiting their reports;
+- `waf` refuses a request with more than 50 cookies or more than 100 header
+  fields (see "Answering in time" under "`waf`" in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md));
 - `rproxy` takes a request line and headers of at most 32 KiB, and closes a
   kept-open connection idle for 120 seconds;
-- `rproxy` reads at most 1 MiB of the body of `discriminator`'s answer, and
-  answers `502` to a longer one.
+- `rproxy` reads at most 1 MiB of the body of `waf`'s answer, and answers `502`
+  to a longer one.
 
-## `discriminator`'s answer and `rproxy`'s wait
+## `waf`'s answer and `rproxy`'s wait
 
-`SWW_LOOKUP_TIMEOUT` is the longest a question waits on an outside source. Keep
-it well under `rproxy`'s `SWRP_TIMEOUT_MS`, as the default is. No question waits
-for `SWW_REPUTATION_TIMEOUT`, since the DNS blocklists and AbuseIPDB are asked
-in the background (see "Answering in time" under "`discriminator`" in
+`SWW_WAF_LOOKUP_TIMEOUT` is the longest a question waits on an outside source.
+Keep it well under `rproxy`'s `SWW_RPROXY_TIMEOUT_MS`, as the default is. No
+question waits for `SWW_WAF_REPUTATION_TIMEOUT`, since the DNS blocklists and
+AbuseIPDB are asked in the background (see "Answering in time" under "`waf`" in
 [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md)).
 
 ## `rproxy`
 
 `sww rproxy` reads the settings below and no others. They are read once at
-start, and an invalid value stops the start. None can be given as a file, since
-`rproxy` never touches disk. "`rproxy`" in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md) says what
-they do.
+start, and an invalid value stops the start. Any can be given as a file, as a
+`SWW_WAF_` setting can. "`rproxy`" in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md) says what they do.
 
 A time here is a whole number of milliseconds above zero, such as `2000`.
 
-- `SWRP_WAF_BACKEND` (required, no default): `discriminator`'s URL. An `http` or
+- `SWW_RPROXY_WAF_BACKEND` (required, no default): `waf`'s URL. An `http` or
   `https` URL with a host and an optional port, and nothing more. `rproxy`
   speaks HTTP/1.1 to it.
-- `SWRP_TIMEOUT_MS` (default `2000`): how long `rproxy` waits for
-  `discriminator`'s answer, to a question and to a report. A time; never `off`.
-- `SWRP_DEFAULT_DISPOSITION` (default `allow`): what is done with a request when
-  `discriminator` cannot be connected to, does not answer at all, or does not
-  answer within `SWRP_TIMEOUT_MS`. `allow` passes it to the app, and `deny`
-  answers `503`. It does not apply to an answer `discriminator` gives, such as
-  an error.
-- `SWRP_MAX_REQUEST_SIZE` (default `100M`): the largest request body. A size or
-  `off`.
-- `SWRP_MAX_RESPONSE_SIZE` (default `1G`): the largest response body. A size or
-  `off`.
-- `SWRP_MAX_REQUEST_TIME_MS` (default `60000`): how long the visitor may take to
-  send its request line and headers. It then also bounds, from the end of the
-  headers, the time until the app has been sent the whole request. A time or
-  `off`.
-- `SWRP_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS` (default `1800000`): how long the answer may take,
-  from the end of the request to its last byte reaching the visitor. An answer
-  `rproxy` gives itself always has at least 10 seconds to be sent, and so do the
-  status and headers of the app's answer. A time or `off`.
-- `SWRP_LISTEN_ADDR` (default `:8080`): where `rproxy` listens, such as `:9000`.
-- `SWRP_UPSTREAM_URL` (default `http://127.0.0.1:8081`): the app. An `http` or
-  `https` URL with a host and an optional port, and nothing more.
-- `SWRP_TRUSTED_PROXIES` (default `10.0.0.0/8,172.16.0.0/12,192.168.0.0/16`):
-  the netblocks whose `X-Forwarded-For` is believed. Set but empty, it trusts
-  nothing. A client outside these netblocks cannot claim another address. Where
-  other containers reach `rproxy` directly, or visitors on a private network
-  reach traefik, they can name another address in the header. Narrowing the
-  setting to traefik's own network closes that gap.
+- `SWW_RPROXY_TIMEOUT_MS` (default `2000`): how long `rproxy` waits for `waf`'s
+  answer, to a question and to a report. A time; never `off`.
+- `SWW_RPROXY_DEFAULT_DISPOSITION` (default `allow`): what is done with a
+  request when `waf` cannot be connected to, does not answer at all, or does not
+  answer within `SWW_RPROXY_TIMEOUT_MS`. `allow` passes it to the app, and
+  `deny` answers `503`. It does not apply to an answer `waf` gives, such as an
+  error.
+- `SWW_RPROXY_MAX_REQUEST_SIZE` (default `100M`): the largest request body. A
+  size or `off`.
+- `SWW_RPROXY_MAX_RESPONSE_SIZE` (default `1G`): the largest response body. A
+  size or `off`.
+- `SWW_RPROXY_MAX_REQUEST_TIME_MS` (default `60000`): how long the visitor may
+  take to send its request line and headers. It then also bounds, from the end
+  of the headers, the time until the app has been sent the whole request. A time
+  or `off`.
+- `SWW_RPROXY_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS` (default `1800000`): how long the answer may
+  take, from the end of the request to its last byte reaching the visitor. An
+  answer `rproxy` gives itself always has at least 10 seconds to be sent, and so
+  do the status and headers of the app's answer. A time or `off`.
+- `SWW_RPROXY_LISTEN_ADDR` (default `:8080`): where `rproxy` listens, such as
+  `:9000`.
+- `SWW_RPROXY_UPSTREAM_URL` (default `http://127.0.0.1:8081`): the app. An
+  `http` or `https` URL with a host and an optional port, and nothing more.
+- `SWW_RPROXY_TRUSTED_PROXIES` (default
+  `10.0.0.0/8,172.16.0.0/12,192.168.0.0/16`): the netblocks whose
+  `X-Forwarded-For` is believed. Set but empty, it trusts nothing. A client
+  outside these netblocks cannot claim another address. Where other containers
+  reach `rproxy` directly, or visitors on a private network reach traefik, they
+  can name another address in the header. Narrowing the setting to traefik's own
+  network closes that gap.
 
 ## The image's command
 
 `SWW_COMMAND` (default `rproxy`) chooses what the image runs and what its health
-check checks: `rproxy` or `discriminator` (see "Deployment" in
-[`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md)). It cannot be given as a file.
+check checks: `rproxy` or `waf` (see "Deployment" in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md)).
+It cannot be given as a file.
 
 ## Where earlier settings went
 
 Nothing reads these names any more:
 
-- `SWW_UPSTREAM_URL` is `SWRP_UPSTREAM_URL`.
-- `SWW_TRUSTED_PROXIES` is `SWRP_TRUSTED_PROXIES`.
-- `SWW_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES` is `SWRP_MAX_REQUEST_SIZE`.
-- `SWW_RESPONSE_MAX_BYTES` is `SWRP_MAX_RESPONSE_SIZE`.
-- `SWW_CLIENT_REQUEST_TIMEOUT` and `SWW_UPSTREAM_REQUEST_TIMEOUT` are
-  `SWRP_MAX_REQUEST_TIME_MS`, in milliseconds.
-- `SWW_CLIENT_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT` and `SWW_UPSTREAM_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT` are
-  `SWRP_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS`, in milliseconds.
-- `SWW_CLIENT_IDLE_TIMEOUT` and `SWW_CLIENT_REQUEST_HEADER_MAX_BYTES` have no
-  setting. `rproxy` closes a kept-open connection idle for 120 seconds, and
-  takes a request line and headers of at most 32 KiB.
+- `SWW_WAF_UPSTREAM_URL` is `SWW_RPROXY_UPSTREAM_URL`.
+- `SWW_WAF_TRUSTED_PROXIES` is `SWW_RPROXY_TRUSTED_PROXIES`.
+- `SWW_WAF_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES` is `SWW_RPROXY_MAX_REQUEST_SIZE`.
+- `SWW_WAF_RESPONSE_MAX_BYTES` is `SWW_RPROXY_MAX_RESPONSE_SIZE`.
+- `SWW_WAF_CLIENT_REQUEST_TIMEOUT` and `SWW_WAF_UPSTREAM_REQUEST_TIMEOUT` are
+  `SWW_RPROXY_MAX_REQUEST_TIME_MS`, in milliseconds.
+- `SWW_WAF_CLIENT_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT` and `SWW_WAF_UPSTREAM_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT` are
+  `SWW_RPROXY_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS`, in milliseconds.
+- `SWW_WAF_CLIENT_IDLE_TIMEOUT` and `SWW_WAF_CLIENT_REQUEST_HEADER_MAX_BYTES`
+  have no setting. `rproxy` closes a kept-open connection idle for 120 seconds,
+  and takes a request line and headers of at most 32 KiB.

docs/state-files.md

@@ -1,13 +1,28 @@
-# State files
+# State and cache files
 
-The five JSON files in `SWW_STATE_DIR`, and what each holds. "Persistent state"
-in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md) says how they are written, read and edited. Each has
-a top-level `version` of 1.
+The JSON files `waf` keeps, and what each holds. "Persistent state" in
+[`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md) says how they are written, read and edited. Each has a
+top-level `version` of 1.
+
+- The state files are in `SWW_WAF_STATE_DIR`, `/var/lib/sww` by default. They
+  hold what cannot be fetched again, so back them up:
+    - `bans.json`;
+    - `clients.json`;
+    - `abuseipdb-checks-spent.json`;
+    - `alerts.json`.
+- The cache files are in `SWW_WAF_CACHE_DIR`, `/var/cache/sww` by default. They
+  hold answers from outside services, which are asked again when a file is lost,
+  so the directory can be left out of backups:
+    - `lookups.json`;
+    - `lists.json`;
+    - `dnsbl.json`;
+    - `abuseipdb-scores.json`;
+    - `routewatch.json`.
 
 ## `bans.json`
 
-Active and past bans: every ban an admin made, and up to `SWW_MAX_BANS` of those
-`discriminator` made. Per entry:
+Active and past bans: every ban an admin made, and up to `SWW_WAF_MAX_BANS` of
+those `waf` made. Per entry:
 
 - `netblock`, `start` and `expires` (`null` for a permanent ban);
 - `cause`: `attack`, `limit`, `admin` or `crowdsec`;
@@ -67,21 +82,13 @@ since it was first seen:
   `blocked_by_core_rule_set`. A file may also hold `token_refused`, which is
   kept, and which nothing adds to.
 
-## `lookups.json`
+## `abuseipdb-checks-spent.json`
 
-GeoJS answers, one per line:
+The AbuseIPDB checks spent today, so that a restart does not spend the daily
+budget again:
 
-- `client`;
-- `asn`, `as_name` and `country`;
-- `answered`: when GeoJS answered;
-- `used`: when the answer was last used.
-
-## `reputation.json`
-
-- the last good copy of each list fetched from a URL, with when it was last
-  tried;
-- each DNS blocklist verdict still in use;
-- AbuseIPDB's scores, and the checks spent today.
+- `day`: the day, in UTC;
+- `spent`: the checks spent on it.
 
 ## `alerts.json`
 
@@ -91,15 +98,63 @@ GeoJS answers, one per line:
 - the alerts sent and held back in the current hour;
 - the alerts waiting for each destination.
 
+## `lookups.json`
+
+A cache file. GeoJS answers, one per line:
+
+- `client`;
+- `asn`, `as_name` and `country`;
+- `answered`: when GeoJS answered;
+- `used`: when the answer was last used.
+
+## `lists.json`
+
+A cache file. The last good copy of each list fetched from a URL, with when it
+was last tried:
+
+- `url`;
+- `tried`: when it was last fetched or tried;
+- `fetched` and `lines`: when the last good copy was fetched, and its lines,
+  comment lines included.
+
+## `dnsbl.json`
+
+A cache file. Each DNS blocklist verdict still in use, one per line:
+
+- `zone` and `client`;
+- `listed`: whether the zone lists the client;
+- `fetched`: when the zone answered.
+
+## `abuseipdb-scores.json`
+
+A cache file. AbuseIPDB's scores still in use, one per line:
+
+- `client`;
+- `score`: from 0 to 100;
+- `fetched`: when AbuseIPDB answered.
+
+## `routewatch.json`
+
+A cache file. routewatch's answers from the last hour, one per line:
+
+- `client`;
+- `netblock`: the netblock the client's address is announced in, empty for an
+  address without a live route;
+- `asn`: the number of the AS that originates the netblock, 0 for none;
+- `answered`: when routewatch answered.
+
 ## Sizes
 
 - `clients.json`: about 1 KiB per client, about 20 MiB at the default
-  `SWW_MAX_TRACKED_CLIENTS`. Written every 15 minutes, that is under 2 GiB of
-  disk writes a day.
+  `SWW_WAF_MAX_TRACKED_CLIENTS`. Written every 15 minutes, that is under 2 GiB
+  of disk writes a day.
 - `bans.json`: about 1.2 KiB per ban, at most about 2.5 KiB, so about 6 MiB at
-  the default `SWW_MAX_BANS`. Written every 15 minutes, a full file comes to
+  the default `SWW_WAF_MAX_BANS`. Written every 15 minutes, a full file comes to
   about 600 MiB of writes a day, and a hundred new bans a day add about 600 MiB
   more.
 - `lookups.json`: about 150 bytes per answer, under 1.5 GiB of writes a day when
   full.
-- `reputation.json` and `alerts.json`: usually a few MiB or less.
+- `routewatch.json`: about 120 bytes per answer, at most about 12 MiB.
+- `abuseipdb-checks-spent.json`: a few bytes.
+- `lists.json`, `dnsbl.json`, `abuseipdb-scores.json` and `alerts.json`: usually
+  a few MiB or less.

go.mod

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ module sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf
 go 1.26.0
 
 require (
+	cloud.google.com/go v0.123.0
 	github.com/corazawaf/coraza-coreruleset/v4 v4.25.0
 	github.com/corazawaf/coraza/v3 v3.8.2-0.20261022102553-d028be399c68
 	github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify v1.10.1
@@ -10,12 +11,14 @@ require (
 	github.com/maxmind/mmdbwriter v1.2.0
 	github.com/oschwald/maxminddb-golang/v2 v2.7.0
 	github.com/prometheus/client_golang v1.24.1
+	github.com/spf13/viper v1.21.0
 )
 
 require (
 	github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/corazawaf/libinjection-go v0.3.4 // indirect
+	github.com/go-viper/mapstructure/v2 v2.4.0 // indirect
 	github.com/goccy/go-json v0.10.5 // indirect
 	github.com/goccy/go-yaml v1.19.2 // indirect
 	github.com/gotnospirit/makeplural v0.0.0-20180622080156-a5f48d94d976 // indirect
@@ -25,14 +28,22 @@ require (
 	github.com/kylelemons/godebug v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/magefile/mage v1.17.0 // indirect
 	github.com/munnerz/goautoneg v0.0.0-20191010083416-a7dc8b61c822 // indirect
+	github.com/pelletier/go-toml/v2 v2.2.4 // indirect
 	github.com/petar-dambovaliev/aho-corasick v0.0.0-20250424160509-463d218d4745 // indirect
 	github.com/prometheus/client_model v0.6.2 // indirect
 	github.com/prometheus/common v0.70.1 // indirect
 	github.com/prometheus/procfs v0.21.1 // indirect
+	github.com/sagikazarmark/locafero v0.11.0 // indirect
+	github.com/sourcegraph/conc v0.3.1-0.20240121214520-5f936abd7ae8 // indirect
+	github.com/spf13/afero v1.15.0 // indirect
+	github.com/spf13/cast v1.10.0 // indirect
+	github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.10 // indirect
+	github.com/subosito/gotenv v1.6.0 // indirect
 	github.com/tidwall/gjson v1.18.0 // indirect
 	github.com/tidwall/match v1.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/tidwall/pretty v1.2.1 // indirect
 	github.com/valllabh/ocsf-schema-golang v1.0.3 // indirect
+	go.yaml.in/yaml/v3 v3.0.5 // indirect
 	go4.org/netipx v0.0.0-20231129151722-fdeea329fbba // indirect
 	golang.org/x/net v0.60.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/sync v0.23.0 // indirect

go.sum

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+cloud.google.com/go v0.123.0 h1:2NAUJwPR47q+E35uaJeYoNhuNEM9kM8SjgRgdeOJUSE=
+cloud.google.com/go v0.123.0/go.mod h1:xBoMV08QcqUGuPW65Qfm1o9Y4zKZBpGS+7bImXLTAZU=
 github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1 h1:VlbKKnNfV8bJzeqoa4cOKqO6bYr3WgKZxO8Z16+hsOM=
 github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1/go.mod h1:G2ZrVWU2WbWT9wwq4/hrbKbnv/1ERSJQ0ibhJ6rlkpw=
 github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0 h1:UL815xU9SqsFlibzuggzjXhog7bL6oX9BbNZnL2UFvs=
@@ -14,8 +16,12 @@ github.com/corazawaf/libinjection-go v0.3.4 h1:jX2Tit2xZxYJJyVryNXucYBZtQqS7473x
 github.com/corazawaf/libinjection-go v0.3.4/go.mod h1:Ik/+w3UmTWH9yn366RgS9D95K3y7Atb5m/H/gXzzPCk=
 github.com/foxcpp/go-mockdns v1.2.0 h1:omK3OrHRD1IWJz1FuFBCFquhXslXoF17OvBS6JPzZF0=
 github.com/foxcpp/go-mockdns v1.2.0/go.mod h1:IhLeSFGed3mJIAXPH2aiRQB+kqz7oqu8ld2qVbOu7Wk=
+github.com/frankban/quicktest v1.14.6 h1:7Xjx+VpznH+oBnejlPUj8oUpdxnVs4f8XU8WnHkI4W8=
+github.com/frankban/quicktest v1.14.6/go.mod h1:4ptaffx2x8+WTWXmUCuVU6aPUX1/Mz7zb5vbUoiM6w0=
 github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify v1.10.1 h1:b0/UzAf9yR5rhf3RPm9gf3ehBPpf0oZKIjtpKrx59Ho=
 github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify v1.10.1/go.mod h1:TLheqan6HD6GBK6PrDWyDPBaEV8LspOxvPSjC+bVfgo=
+github.com/go-viper/mapstructure/v2 v2.4.0 h1:EBsztssimR/CONLSZZ04E8qAkxNYq4Qp9LvH92wZUgs=
+github.com/go-viper/mapstructure/v2 v2.4.0/go.mod h1:oJDH3BJKyqBA2TXFhDsKDGDTlndYOZ6rGS0BRZIxGhM=
 github.com/goccy/go-json v0.10.5 h1:Fq85nIqj+gXn/S5ahsiTlK3TmC85qgirsdTP/+DeaC4=
 github.com/goccy/go-json v0.10.5/go.mod h1:oq7eo15ShAhp70Anwd5lgX2pLfOS3QCiwU/PULtXL6M=
 github.com/goccy/go-yaml v1.19.2 h1:PmFC1S6h8ljIz6gMRBopkjP1TVT7xuwrButHID66PoM=
@@ -36,6 +42,10 @@ github.com/kaptinlin/jsonschema v0.4.6 h1:vOSFg5tjmfkOdKg+D6Oo4fVOM/pActWu/ntkPs
 github.com/kaptinlin/jsonschema v0.4.6/go.mod h1:1DUd7r5SdyB2ZnMtyB7uLv64dE3zTFTiYytDCd+AEL0=
 github.com/klauspost/compress v1.19.1 h1:VsB4HPswih7mmZ8WleSFQ75c/Ui1M4trX5oAsJnhSlk=
 github.com/klauspost/compress v1.19.1/go.mod h1:cwPg85FWrGar70rWktvGQj8/hthj3wpl0PGDogxkrSQ=
+github.com/kr/pretty v0.3.1 h1:flRD4NNwYAUpkphVc1HcthR4KEIFJ65n8Mw5qdRn3LE=
+github.com/kr/pretty v0.3.1/go.mod h1:hoEshYVHaxMs3cyo3Yncou5ZscifuDolrwPKZanG3xk=
+github.com/kr/text v0.2.0 h1:5Nx0Ya0ZqY2ygV366QzturHI13Jq95ApcVaJBhpS+AY=
+github.com/kr/text v0.2.0/go.mod h1:eLer722TekiGuMkidMxC/pM04lWEeraHUUmBw8l2grE=
 github.com/kylelemons/godebug v1.1.0 h1:RPNrshWIDI6G2gRW9EHilWtl7Z6Sb1BR0xunSBf0SNc=
 github.com/kylelemons/godebug v1.1.0/go.mod h1:9/0rRGxNHcop5bhtWyNeEfOS8JIWk580+fNqagV/RAw=
 github.com/magefile/mage v1.17.0 h1:dS4tkq997Ism03akafC8509iqDjeE7TNTexI25Y7sXM=
@@ -60,8 +70,24 @@ github.com/prometheus/common v0.70.1 h1:1HvjP4D5oL3t8RsPlwxA9onvvStjtIHYE5XuuwOi
 github.com/prometheus/common v0.70.1/go.mod h1:VdFUQDMZK3VLkurFUVhia6uys/0suUp86TJz5qbJRhc=
 github.com/prometheus/procfs v0.21.1 h1:GljZCt+zSTS+NZq88cyQ1LjZ+RCHp3uVuabBWA5+OJI=
 github.com/prometheus/procfs v0.21.1/go.mod h1:aB55Cww9pdSJVHk0hUf0inxWyyjPogFIjmHKYgMKmtY=
+github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.9.0 h1:73kH8U+JUqXU8lRuOHeVHaa/SZPifC7BkcraZVejAe8=
+github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.9.0/go.mod h1:WtVeX8xhTBvf0smdhujwtBcq4Qrzq/fJaraNFVN+nFs=
+github.com/sagikazarmark/locafero v0.11.0 h1:1iurJgmM9G3PA/I+wWYIOw/5SyBtxapeHDcg+AAIFXc=
+github.com/sagikazarmark/locafero v0.11.0/go.mod h1:nVIGvgyzw595SUSUE6tvCp3YYTeHs15MvlmU87WwIik=
+github.com/sourcegraph/conc v0.3.1-0.20240121214520-5f936abd7ae8 h1:+jumHNA0Wrelhe64i8F6HNlS8pkoyMv5sreGx2Ry5Rw=
+github.com/sourcegraph/conc v0.3.1-0.20240121214520-5f936abd7ae8/go.mod h1:3n1Cwaq1E1/1lhQhtRK2ts/ZwZEhjcQeJQ1RuC6Q/8U=
+github.com/spf13/afero v1.15.0 h1:b/YBCLWAJdFWJTN9cLhiXXcD7mzKn9Dm86dNnfyQw1I=
+github.com/spf13/afero v1.15.0/go.mod h1:NC2ByUVxtQs4b3sIUphxK0NioZnmxgyCrfzeuq8lxMg=
+github.com/spf13/cast v1.10.0 h1:h2x0u2shc1QuLHfxi+cTJvs30+ZAHOGRic8uyGTDWxY=
+github.com/spf13/cast v1.10.0/go.mod h1:jNfB8QC9IA6ZuY2ZjDp0KtFO2LZZlg4S/7bzP6qqeHo=
+github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.10 h1:4EBh2KAYBwaONj6b2Ye1GiHfwjqyROoF4RwYO+vPwFk=
+github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.10/go.mod h1:McXfInJRrz4CZXVZOBLb0bTZqETkiAhM9Iw0y3An2Bg=
+github.com/spf13/viper v1.21.0 h1:x5S+0EU27Lbphp4UKm1C+1oQO+rKx36vfCoaVebLFSU=
+github.com/spf13/viper v1.21.0/go.mod h1:P0lhsswPGWD/1lZJ9ny3fYnVqxiegrlNrEmgLjbTCAY=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.12.1 h1:EuwCh5fleGS7H32xRwO3wRGT7DxrDhLAT6FF8MpWDWE=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.12.1/go.mod h1:MDEgiDPPsNp5cuIrHPPCyornHKgEVbtFUmoNlxoYthg=
+github.com/subosito/gotenv v1.6.0 h1:9NlTDc1FTs4qu0DDq7AEtTPNw6SVm7uBMsUCUjABIf8=
+github.com/subosito/gotenv v1.6.0/go.mod h1:Dk4QP5c2W3ibzajGcXpNraDfq2IrhjMIvMSWPKKo0FU=
 github.com/tidwall/gjson v1.18.0 h1:FIDeeyB800efLX89e5a8Y0BNH+LOngJyGrIWxG2FKQY=
 github.com/tidwall/gjson v1.18.0/go.mod h1:/wbyibRr2FHMks5tjHJ5F8dMZh3AcwJEMf5vlfC0lxk=
 github.com/tidwall/match v1.1.1 h1:+Ho715JplO36QYgwN9PGYNhgZvoUSc9X2c80KVTi+GA=

internal/alerts/alerts.go

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 // Package alerts sends alerts on bans, on traffic over an anomaly
 // threshold, on a source that fails and on a file with an error to each
 // destination set: to the webhook
-// SWW_ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL names, each as one JSON object, as "The JSON
+// SWW_WAF_ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL names, each as one JSON object, as "The JSON
 // object" in docs/alerts.md describes, to the Slack incoming
-// webhook SWW_ALERT_SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL names, as a message, and to the
-// ntfy topic SWW_ALERT_NTFY_URL names. A repeat within
-// SWW_ALERT_COOLDOWN is held back, and so is an alert past
-// SWW_ALERT_MAX_PER_HOUR, for the hour's summary. The others wait in a
+// webhook SWW_WAF_ALERT_SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL names, as a message, and to the
+// ntfy topic SWW_WAF_ALERT_NTFY_URL names. A repeat within
+// SWW_WAF_ALERT_COOLDOWN is held back, and so is an alert past
+// SWW_WAF_ALERT_MAX_PER_HOUR, for the hour's summary. The others wait in a
 // bounded queue of each destination's own, so that a destination that is
 // slow or unreachable holds up neither the others nor any request. The
 // state is written to alerts.json and read from it by the state package.
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 )
 
-// The events an alert is for, as SWW_ALERT_EVENTS names them.
+// The events an alert is for, as SWW_WAF_ALERT_EVENTS names them.
 const (
 	// EventBan is a ban sww made.
 	EventBan = "ban"
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ const (
 	// threshold.
 	EventAnomaly = "anomaly"
 	// EventCoreRuleSetMatch is a request the Core Rule Set scored at or over
-	// SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD, refused in block mode, let through in
+	// SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD, refused in block mode, let through in
 	// detect mode.
 	EventCoreRuleSetMatch = "core_rule_set_match"
 	// EventReputationHit is a request whose client a blocklist, the
@@ -56,19 +56,21 @@ const (
 	// of a list failing, a query to a DNSBL zone or a check with AbuseIPDB
 	// failing or refused, or the day's AbuseIPDB checks used up.
 	EventSourceFailure = "source_failure"
-	// EventFileError is a rule file or state file edited while sww
-	// runs that does not parse, a replacement of the lookup database that
-	// cannot be read, or a state file that cannot be written.
+	// EventFileError is one of:
+	//   - a rule file or state file edited while sww runs that does not parse;
+	//   - a cache file that does not parse, at start or after an edit;
+	//   - a state file or cache file that cannot be written;
+	//   - a replacement of the lookup database that cannot be read.
 	EventFileError = "file_error"
 	// EventSummary is the summary sent as an hour ends: of the alerts held
-	// back in it past SWW_ALERT_MAX_PER_HOUR, and of the repeats held
+	// back in it past SWW_WAF_ALERT_MAX_PER_HOUR, and of the repeats held
 	// back by the cooldowns dropped as it ends, which no alert let through
-	// has given. It is sent with SWW_ALERT_MAX_PER_HOUR off too, for
-	// those repeats. SWW_ALERT_EVENTS does not name it.
+	// has given. It is sent with SWW_WAF_ALERT_MAX_PER_HOUR off too, for
+	// those repeats. SWW_WAF_ALERT_EVENTS does not name it.
 	EventSummary = "summary"
 )
 
-// Events returns every event SWW_ALERT_EVENTS can name, which is its
+// Events returns every event SWW_WAF_ALERT_EVENTS can name, which is its
 // default.
 func Events() []string {
 	return []string{
@@ -80,12 +82,12 @@ func Events() []string {
 // The destinations alerts are sent to, as the metrics and alerts.json
 // name them.
 const (
-	// DestinationWebhook is the webhook SWW_ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL names.
+	// DestinationWebhook is the webhook SWW_WAF_ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL names.
 	DestinationWebhook = "webhook"
 	// DestinationSlack is the Slack incoming webhook
-	// SWW_ALERT_SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL names.
+	// SWW_WAF_ALERT_SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL names.
 	DestinationSlack = "slack"
-	// DestinationNtfy is the ntfy topic SWW_ALERT_NTFY_URL names.
+	// DestinationNtfy is the ntfy topic SWW_WAF_ALERT_NTFY_URL names.
 	DestinationNtfy = "ntfy"
 )
 
@@ -121,26 +123,26 @@ var (
 // NtfyURL set, no alert is sent.
 type Params struct {
 	// WebhookURL is where each alert is posted as JSON
-	// (SWW_ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL), nil while it is unset. WebhookHeaders
-	// are sent with each (SWW_ALERT_WEBHOOK_HEADERS).
+	// (SWW_WAF_ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL), nil while it is unset. WebhookHeaders
+	// are sent with each (SWW_WAF_ALERT_WEBHOOK_HEADERS).
 	WebhookURL     *url.URL
 	WebhookHeaders http.Header
 	// SlackURL is the Slack incoming webhook each alert is posted to as a
-	// message (SWW_ALERT_SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL), nil while it is unset.
+	// message (SWW_WAF_ALERT_SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL), nil while it is unset.
 	SlackURL *url.URL
 	// NtfyURL is the ntfy topic each alert is published to
-	// (SWW_ALERT_NTFY_URL), nil while it is unset. NtfyToken, unless
-	// empty, is sent with each as a bearer token (SWW_ALERT_NTFY_TOKEN).
+	// (SWW_WAF_ALERT_NTFY_URL), nil while it is unset. NtfyToken, unless
+	// empty, is sent with each as a bearer token (SWW_WAF_ALERT_NTFY_TOKEN).
 	NtfyURL   *url.URL
 	NtfyToken string
-	// Events are the events alerts are sent for (SWW_ALERT_EVENTS).
+	// Events are the events alerts are sent for (SWW_WAF_ALERT_EVENTS).
 	Events []string
 	// Cooldown is how long a repeat of an alert is held back
-	// (SWW_ALERT_COOLDOWN), 0 for no time. MaxPerHour is the most alerts
-	// sent in an hour (SWW_ALERT_MAX_PER_HOUR), 0 for no limit.
+	// (SWW_WAF_ALERT_COOLDOWN), 0 for no time. MaxPerHour is the most alerts
+	// sent in an hour (SWW_WAF_ALERT_MAX_PER_HOUR), 0 for no limit.
 	Cooldown   time.Duration
 	MaxPerHour int
-	// Instance is SWW_INSTANCE_NAME, which every alert gives.
+	// Instance is SWW_WAF_INSTANCE_NAME, which every alert gives.
 	Instance string
 	// Now tells the time of an alert, normally time.Now in UTC.
 	Now func() time.Time
@@ -151,7 +153,7 @@ type Params struct {
 // Alert is one alert, as the webhook is sent it and alerts.json holds it,
 // with the fields of "The JSON object" in docs/alerts.md. ASN, ASName and
 // Country are, for a ban, the client's as the ban's notes give them. Host is
-// the site of the request that raised the alert, while one discriminator serves
+// the site of the request that raised the alert, while one waf serves
 // many sites, and "" otherwise.
 //
 //nolint:tagliatelle // docs/alerts.md names the alert's fields in snake_case
@@ -301,17 +303,17 @@ func New(params Params) *Queue {
 	}
 
 	if params.WebhookURL != nil {
-		q.addDestination(DestinationWebhook, "SWW_ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL",
+		q.addDestination(DestinationWebhook, "SWW_WAF_ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL",
 			params.WebhookURL, q.webhookMessage)
 	}
 
 	if params.SlackURL != nil {
-		q.addDestination(DestinationSlack, "SWW_ALERT_SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL",
+		q.addDestination(DestinationSlack, "SWW_WAF_ALERT_SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL",
 			params.SlackURL, slackMessage)
 	}
 
 	if params.NtfyURL != nil {
-		q.addDestination(DestinationNtfy, "SWW_ALERT_NTFY_URL",
+		q.addDestination(DestinationNtfy, "SWW_WAF_ALERT_NTFY_URL",
 			params.NtfyURL, q.ntfyMessage)
 	}
 
@@ -319,7 +321,7 @@ func New(params Params) *Queue {
 }
 
 // Raise sends alert, which names its event and what is particular to it,
-// unless no destination is set or SWW_ALERT_EVENTS leaves its event
+// unless no destination is set or SWW_WAF_ALERT_EVENTS leaves its event
 // out. It gives alert the instance and the time. An alert that repeats
 // the last one let through less than Cooldown before is held back and
 // counted. The next one let through gives that count, unless an hour of
@@ -363,7 +365,7 @@ func (q *Queue) Raise(alert Alert) {
 }
 
 // WouldSend reports whether Raise would let an alert for event on
-// netblock through now: a destination is set, SWW_ALERT_EVENTS chooses
+// netblock through now: a destination is set, SWW_WAF_ALERT_EVENTS chooses
 // event, no alert for event on netblock was let through less than
 // Cooldown before, and fewer than MaxPerHour alerts have been let through
 // in the hour under way. Unlike Raise, it counts nothing.
@@ -608,13 +610,13 @@ func (q *Queue) endHour(now time.Time) {
 
 	if heldBack > 0 {
 		reasons = append(reasons, fmt.Sprintf("%d alerts held back in the hour from %s, "+
-			"past the %d an hour SWW_ALERT_MAX_PER_HOUR allows", heldBack,
+			"past the %d an hour SWW_WAF_ALERT_MAX_PER_HOUR allows", heldBack,
 			q.hour.Start.Format(time.RFC3339), q.params.MaxPerHour))
 	}
 
 	if repeats > 0 {
 		reasons = append(reasons, fmt.Sprintf("%d repeats held back by "+
-			"SWW_ALERT_COOLDOWN that no later alert gives", repeats))
+			"SWW_WAF_ALERT_COOLDOWN that no later alert gives", repeats))
 	}
 
 	if len(reasons) > 0 {

internal/alerts/alerts_test.go

@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ func TestWouldSendOnlyForTheChosenEvents(t *testing.T) {
 
 	if q.WouldSend(alerts.EventBan, netblock(1)) ||
 		q.WouldSend(alerts.EventPermanentBan, netblock(1)) {
-		t.Error("a ban alert would be sent, though SWW_ALERT_EVENTS leaves it out")
+		t.Error("a ban alert would be sent, though SWW_WAF_ALERT_EVENTS leaves it out")
 	}
 
 	if !q.WouldSend(alerts.EventFileError, netip.Prefix{}) {
@@ -184,8 +184,8 @@ func TestWouldSendWithOnlySlackOrOnlyNtfySet(t *testing.T) {
 	onlyNtfy.NtfyURL = parseURL(ntfyURL)
 
 	for setting, params := range map[string]alerts.Params{
-		"SWW_ALERT_SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL": onlySlack,
-		"SWW_ALERT_NTFY_URL":          onlyNtfy,
+		"SWW_WAF_ALERT_SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL": onlySlack,
+		"SWW_WAF_ALERT_NTFY_URL":          onlyNtfy,
 	} {
 		if !alerts.New(params).WouldSend(alerts.EventBan, netblock(1)) {
 			t.Errorf("a ban alert would not be sent with only %s set", setting)
@@ -359,7 +359,7 @@ func TestAlertsPastTheHourlyLimitAreRolledIntoOneSummary(t *testing.T) {
 			"as_name":  "",
 			"country":  "",
 			"reason": "3 alerts held back in the hour from 2000-01-01T00:00:00Z, " +
-				"past the 2 an hour SWW_ALERT_MAX_PER_HOUR allows",
+				"past the 2 an hour SWW_WAF_ALERT_MAX_PER_HOUR allows",
 			"detail": map[string]any{
 				"hour":  started,
 				"count": float64(3),
@@ -525,7 +525,7 @@ func TestFailedRequestIsSentAgainWithBackoff(t *testing.T) {
 		wantCounts(t, q, 0, int64(len(want)), 0, 0)
 
 		if !strings.Contains(log.String(),
-			`"msg":"sending an alert to SWW_ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL failed"`) {
+			`"msg":"sending an alert to SWW_WAF_ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL failed"`) {
 			t.Errorf("process log %q names no failure", log.String())
 		}
 
@@ -595,7 +595,7 @@ func TestRefusedAlertIsGivenUpAndTheNextSent(t *testing.T) {
 		wantCounts(t, q, 1, 3, 0, 1)
 
 		if !strings.Contains(log.String(),
-			`"msg":"gave up an alert SWW_ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL refused"`) {
+			`"msg":"gave up an alert SWW_WAF_ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL refused"`) {
 			t.Errorf("process log %q names no alert given up", log.String())
 		}
 	})
@@ -619,7 +619,7 @@ func TestFailedRequestIsLoggedWithoutTheURL(t *testing.T) {
 
 		logged := log.String()
 		if !strings.Contains(logged,
-			`"msg":"sending an alert to SWW_ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL failed"`) ||
+			`"msg":"sending an alert to SWW_WAF_ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL failed"`) ||
 			strings.Contains(logged, "alerts.example") || strings.Contains(logged, "team=ops") {
 			t.Errorf("process log %q names no failure, or names the URL", logged)
 		}
@@ -782,8 +782,8 @@ func TestSlackAndNtfyAreSentTheSummaryAndTheRepeatsHeldBack(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 
 		const summary = "1 alerts held back in the hour from 2000-01-01T00:00:00Z, " +
-			"past the 1 an hour SWW_ALERT_MAX_PER_HOUR allows; 1 repeats held back " +
-			"by SWW_ALERT_COOLDOWN that no later alert gives\nsuppressed repeats: 1"
+			"past the 1 an hour SWW_WAF_ALERT_MAX_PER_HOUR allows; 1 repeats held back " +
+			"by SWW_WAF_ALERT_COOLDOWN that no later alert gives\nsuppressed repeats: 1"
 
 		wantSlackMessage(t, slack[1], "*"+instance+": summary*\n"+summary)
 		wantNtfyMessage(t, ntfy[1], instance+": summary", "default bar_chart", summary)
@@ -901,7 +901,7 @@ func TestDestinationThatDoesNotAnswerHoldsUpNeitherOther(t *testing.T) {
 
 		logged := log.String()
 		if !strings.Contains(logged,
-			`"msg":"sending an alert to SWW_ALERT_SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL failed"`) ||
+			`"msg":"sending an alert to SWW_WAF_ALERT_SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL failed"`) ||
 			strings.Contains(logged, "hooks.slack.example") ||
 			strings.Contains(logged, "T0123") {
 			t.Errorf("process log %q names no failure, or names the URL", logged)
@@ -1254,7 +1254,7 @@ type eventMessage struct {
 	title, priorityAndTag, text string
 }
 
-// anAlertForEachEvent returns an alert for each event SWW_ALERT_EVENTS
+// anAlertForEachEvent returns an alert for each event SWW_WAF_ALERT_EVENTS
 // names, the first in observe mode, each with its message.
 func anAlertForEachEvent() []eventMessage {
 	return []eventMessage{

internal/anomaly/anomaly.go

@@ -28,16 +28,16 @@ const maxCounters = 20000
 // alerts name them.
 const (
 	// ScopeClient is one client: an IPv4 address, or an IPv6 netblock of
-	// SWW_IPV6_GROUP_PREFIX.
+	// SWW_WAF_IPV6_GROUP_PREFIX.
 	ScopeClient = "client"
-	// ScopeNet is the netblock around a client, SWW_ANOMALY_NET_V4_PREFIX
-	// or SWW_ANOMALY_NET_V6_PREFIX long.
+	// ScopeNet is the netblock around a client, SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_NET_V4_PREFIX
+	// or SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_NET_V6_PREFIX long.
 	ScopeNet = "net"
 	// ScopeASN is an AS number.
 	ScopeASN = "asn"
 	// ScopeTotal is the whole service.
 	ScopeTotal = "total"
-	// ScopeWatchedNet is a named netblock of SWW_WATCH_NETS.
+	// ScopeWatchedNet is a named netblock of SWW_WAF_WATCH_NETS.
 	ScopeWatchedNet = "watched_net"
 )
 
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ type Thresholds struct {
 	BytesPerHour      int64
 }
 
-// NamedNetblock is a netblock SWW_WATCH_NETS names.
+// NamedNetblock is a netblock SWW_WAF_WATCH_NETS names.
 type NamedNetblock struct {
 	Name     string
 	Netblock netip.Prefix
@@ -70,14 +70,14 @@ type NamedNetblock struct {
 
 // Params are what New needs.
 type Params struct {
-	// The thresholds of each scope: SWW_ANOMALY_CLIENT_*,
-	// SWW_ANOMALY_NET_*, SWW_ANOMALY_ASN_*, SWW_ANOMALY_TOTAL_* and
-	// SWW_WATCH_*.
+	// The thresholds of each scope: SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_CLIENT_*,
+	// SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_NET_*, SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_ASN_*, SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_TOTAL_* and
+	// SWW_WAF_WATCH_*.
 	Client, Net, ASN, Total, Watch Thresholds
 	// NetV4Prefix and NetV6Prefix are the lengths of the netblock around a
-	// client (SWW_ANOMALY_NET_V4_PREFIX and SWW_ANOMALY_NET_V6_PREFIX).
+	// client (SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_NET_V4_PREFIX and SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_NET_V6_PREFIX).
 	NetV4Prefix, NetV6Prefix int
-	// NamedNetblocks are SWW_WATCH_NETS.
+	// NamedNetblocks are SWW_WAF_WATCH_NETS.
 	NamedNetblocks []NamedNetblock
 	// Alerts receive the anomaly alerts.
 	Alerts *alerts.Queue
@@ -107,13 +107,13 @@ type Request struct {
 	Host string
 	// Client is the client's address, and ClientGroup the client it is
 	// counted as: its IPv4 address, or the IPv6 netblock of
-	// SWW_IPV6_GROUP_PREFIX its address is in.
+	// SWW_WAF_IPV6_GROUP_PREFIX its address is in.
 	Client      netip.Addr
 	ClientGroup netip.Prefix
 	// ASN, ASName and Country are the client's as looked up, each "" when
 	// unknown.
 	ASN, ASName, Country string
-	// Bytes are the request's bytes, as SWW_BYTES_COUNT counts them.
+	// Bytes are the request's bytes, as SWW_WAF_BYTES_COUNT counts them.
 	Bytes int64
 }
 

internal/bans/bans.go

@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ type Notes struct {
 	LimitPercentSetting string `json:"limit_percent_setting,omitempty"`
 	// RuleID and Target are, for a ban for a clear sign of attack, the id
 	// of the rule file rule that matched, and its target; TrapPath is, for
-	// one for a request for a path in SWW_TRAP_PATHS, that path as the
+	// one for a request for a path in SWW_WAF_TRAP_PATHS, that path as the
 	// client sent it.
 	RuleID   string `json:"rule_id,omitempty"`
 	Target   string `json:"target,omitempty"`
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ type Ledger struct {
 	// v4Lengths and v6Lengths are the lengths of the IPv4 and IPv6
 	// netblocks that have been banned. Check looks for a ban at each of
 	// them, so that a ban read from bans.json refuses every client in its
-	// netblock even when it was made with another SWW_BAN_SCOPE_V4_PREFIX,
+	// netblock even when it was made with another SWW_WAF_BAN_SCOPE_V4_PREFIX,
 	// or another length of an IPv6 client's netblock.
 	v4Lengths, v6Lengths []int
 }

internal/config/config_test.go

@@ -17,106 +17,110 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/spf13/viper"
+
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/anomaly"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/config"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/config/configtest"
 )
 
 // The settings, by name.
 const (
-	listenAddr           = "SWW_LISTEN_ADDR"
-	mode                 = "SWW_MODE"
-	ipv6GroupPrefix      = "SWW_IPV6_GROUP_PREFIX"
-	maxTrackedClients    = "SWW_MAX_TRACKED_CLIENTS"
-	allowNets            = "SWW_ALLOW_NETS"
-	rateLimitExemptNets  = "SWW_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_NETS"
-	denyNets             = "SWW_DENY_NETS"
-	rateLimitPerMinute   = "SWW_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE"
-	rateLimitPerHour     = "SWW_RATE_LIMIT_PER_HOUR"
-	rateLimitPerDay      = "SWW_RATE_LIMIT_PER_DAY"
-	rateLimitExemptPaths = "SWW_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_PATHS"
-	bytesLimitPerMinute  = "SWW_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE"
-	bytesLimitPerHour    = "SWW_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_HOUR"
-	bytesLimitPerDay     = "SWW_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_DAY"
-	bytesCount           = "SWW_BYTES_COUNT"
-	lookupSource         = "SWW_LOOKUP_SOURCE"
-	lookupDBPath         = "SWW_LOOKUP_DB_PATH"
-	lookupTimeout        = "SWW_LOOKUP_TIMEOUT"
-	addLookupHeaders     = "SWW_ADD_LOOKUP_HEADERS"
-	allowedCountries     = "SWW_EXCLUSIVELY_ALLOWED_COUNTRIES"
-	tagLists             = "SWW_TAG_LISTS"
-	tagDeny              = "SWW_TAG_DENY"
-	tagLimitPercent      = "SWW_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT"
-	asnBytesPercent      = "SWW_ASN_BYTES_PERCENT"
-	countryBytesPercent  = "SWW_COUNTRY_BYTES_PERCENT"
-	unknownLimitPercent  = "SWW_UNKNOWN_LIMIT_PERCENT"
-	asnLimitPercentURL   = "SWW_ASN_LIMIT_PERCENT_URL"
-	blocklistURLs        = "SWW_BLOCKLIST_URLS"
-	blocklistRefresh     = "SWW_BLOCKLIST_REFRESH"
-	blocklistAction      = "SWW_BLOCKLIST_ACTION"
-	dnsblZones           = "SWW_DNSBL_ZONES"
-	dnsblResolver        = "SWW_DNSBL_RESOLVER"
-	abuseIPDBKey         = "SWW_ABUSEIPDB_KEY"
-	abuseIPDBMinScore    = "SWW_ABUSEIPDB_MIN_SCORE"
-	abuseIPDBDailyBudget = "SWW_ABUSEIPDB_DAILY_BUDGET"
-	reputationAction     = "SWW_REPUTATION_ACTION"
-	reputationCacheTTL   = "SWW_REPUTATION_CACHE_TTL"
-	reputationTimeout    = "SWW_REPUTATION_TIMEOUT"
-	routeWatchURL        = "SWW_ROUTEWATCH_URL"
-	crowdSecURL          = "SWW_CROWDSEC_LAPI_URL"
-	crowdSecKey          = "SWW_CROWDSEC_LAPI_KEY"
-	banResponse          = "SWW_BAN_RESPONSE"
-	limitBanDuration     = "SWW_LIMIT_BAN_DURATION"
-	limitBanRepeatWindow = "SWW_LIMIT_BAN_REPEAT_WINDOW"
-	maxBanDuration       = "SWW_MAX_BAN_DURATION"
-	attackBanDuration    = "SWW_ATTACK_BAN_DURATION"
-	maxBans              = "SWW_MAX_BANS"
-	banScopeV4Prefix     = "SWW_BAN_SCOPE_V4_PREFIX"
-	stateDir             = "SWW_STATE_DIR"
-	stateWriteDelay      = "SWW_STATE_WRITE_DELAY"
-	stateCounterInterval = "SWW_STATE_COUNTER_INTERVAL"
-	adminToken           = "SWW_ADMIN_TOKEN"   //nolint:gosec // the setting's name
-	metricsToken         = "SWW_METRICS_TOKEN" //nolint:gosec // the setting's name
-	metricsTopN          = "SWW_METRICS_TOP_N"
-	instanceName         = "SWW_INSTANCE_NAME"
-	logRequestHeaders    = "SWW_LOG_REQUEST_HEADERS"
-	logLevel             = "SWW_LOG_LEVEL"
-	rulesDir             = "SWW_RULES_DIR"
-	rulesEnabled         = "SWW_RULES_ENABLED"
-	wafMode              = "SWW_WAF_MODE"
-	wafParanoiaLevel     = "SWW_WAF_PARANOIA_LEVEL"
-	wafAnomalyThreshold  = "SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD"
-	wafDisabledRules     = "SWW_WAF_DISABLED_RULES"
-	wafExemptPaths       = "SWW_WAF_EXEMPT_PATHS"
-	wafBodyLimit         = "SWW_WAF_BODY_LIMIT"
-	exclusionsFile       = "SWW_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE"
-	trapPaths            = "SWW_TRAP_PATHS"
-	errorBurstThreshold  = "SWW_ERROR_BURST_THRESHOLD"
-	logRemoteURL         = "SWW_LOG_REMOTE_URL"
-	logRemoteTLSCAFile   = "SWW_LOG_REMOTE_TLS_CA_FILE"
-	logRemoteBuffer      = "SWW_LOG_REMOTE_BUFFER"
-	logRemoteFacility    = "SWW_LOG_REMOTE_FACILITY"
-	logRemoteAppName     = "SWW_LOG_REMOTE_APP_NAME"
-	alertWebhookURL      = "SWW_ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL"
-	alertWebhookHeaders  = "SWW_ALERT_WEBHOOK_HEADERS"
-	alertSlackWebhookURL = "SWW_ALERT_SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL"
-	alertNtfyURL         = "SWW_ALERT_NTFY_URL"
-	alertNtfyToken       = "SWW_ALERT_NTFY_TOKEN" //nolint:gosec // the setting's name
-	alertEvents          = "SWW_ALERT_EVENTS"
-	alertCooldown        = "SWW_ALERT_COOLDOWN"
-	alertMaxPerHour      = "SWW_ALERT_MAX_PER_HOUR"
-	anomalyNetV4Prefix   = "SWW_ANOMALY_NET_V4_PREFIX"
-	anomalyNetV6Prefix   = "SWW_ANOMALY_NET_V6_PREFIX"
-	watchNets            = "SWW_WATCH_NETS"
+	listenAddr           = "SWW_WAF_LISTEN_ADDR"
+	mode                 = "SWW_WAF_MODE"
+	ipv6GroupPrefix      = "SWW_WAF_IPV6_GROUP_PREFIX"
+	maxTrackedClients    = "SWW_WAF_MAX_TRACKED_CLIENTS"
+	allowNets            = "SWW_WAF_ALLOW_NETS"
+	rateLimitExemptNets  = "SWW_WAF_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_NETS"
+	denyNets             = "SWW_WAF_DENY_NETS"
+	rateLimitPerMinute   = "SWW_WAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE"
+	rateLimitPerHour     = "SWW_WAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_HOUR"
+	rateLimitPerDay      = "SWW_WAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_DAY"
+	rateLimitExemptPaths = "SWW_WAF_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_PATHS"
+	bytesLimitPerMinute  = "SWW_WAF_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE"
+	bytesLimitPerHour    = "SWW_WAF_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_HOUR"
+	bytesLimitPerDay     = "SWW_WAF_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_DAY"
+	bytesCount           = "SWW_WAF_BYTES_COUNT"
+	lookupSource         = "SWW_WAF_LOOKUP_SOURCE"
+	lookupDBPath         = "SWW_WAF_LOOKUP_DB_PATH"
+	lookupTimeout        = "SWW_WAF_LOOKUP_TIMEOUT"
+	addLookupHeaders     = "SWW_WAF_ADD_LOOKUP_HEADERS"
+	allowedCountries     = "SWW_WAF_EXCLUSIVELY_ALLOWED_COUNTRIES"
+	tagLists             = "SWW_WAF_TAG_LISTS"
+	tagDeny              = "SWW_WAF_TAG_DENY"
+	tagLimitPercent      = "SWW_WAF_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT"
+	asnBytesPercent      = "SWW_WAF_ASN_BYTES_PERCENT"
+	countryBytesPercent  = "SWW_WAF_COUNTRY_BYTES_PERCENT"
+	unknownLimitPercent  = "SWW_WAF_UNKNOWN_LIMIT_PERCENT"
+	asnLimitPercentURL   = "SWW_WAF_ASN_LIMIT_PERCENT_URL"
+	blocklistURLs        = "SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_URLS"
+	blocklistRefresh     = "SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_REFRESH"
+	blocklistAction      = "SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_ACTION"
+	dnsblZones           = "SWW_WAF_DNSBL_ZONES"
+	dnsblResolver        = "SWW_WAF_DNSBL_RESOLVER"
+	abuseIPDBKey         = "SWW_WAF_ABUSEIPDB_KEY"
+	abuseIPDBMinScore    = "SWW_WAF_ABUSEIPDB_MIN_SCORE"
+	abuseIPDBDailyBudget = "SWW_WAF_ABUSEIPDB_DAILY_BUDGET"
+	reputationAction     = "SWW_WAF_REPUTATION_ACTION"
+	reputationCacheTTL   = "SWW_WAF_REPUTATION_CACHE_TTL"
+	reputationTimeout    = "SWW_WAF_REPUTATION_TIMEOUT"
+	routeWatchURL        = "SWW_WAF_ROUTEWATCH_URL"
+	crowdSecURL          = "SWW_WAF_CROWDSEC_LAPI_URL"
+	crowdSecKey          = "SWW_WAF_CROWDSEC_LAPI_KEY"
+	banResponse          = "SWW_WAF_BAN_RESPONSE"
+	limitBanDuration     = "SWW_WAF_LIMIT_BAN_DURATION"
+	limitBanRepeatWindow = "SWW_WAF_LIMIT_BAN_REPEAT_WINDOW"
+	maxBanDuration       = "SWW_WAF_MAX_BAN_DURATION"
+	attackBanDuration    = "SWW_WAF_ATTACK_BAN_DURATION"
+	maxBans              = "SWW_WAF_MAX_BANS"
+	banScopeV4Prefix     = "SWW_WAF_BAN_SCOPE_V4_PREFIX"
+	stateDir             = "SWW_WAF_STATE_DIR"
+	stateWriteDelay      = "SWW_WAF_STATE_WRITE_DELAY"
+	stateCounterInterval = "SWW_WAF_STATE_COUNTER_INTERVAL"
+	cacheDir             = "SWW_WAF_CACHE_DIR"
+	adminToken           = "SWW_WAF_ADMIN_TOKEN"   //nolint:gosec // the setting's name
+	metricsToken         = "SWW_WAF_METRICS_TOKEN" //nolint:gosec // the setting's name
+	metricsTopN          = "SWW_WAF_METRICS_TOP_N"
+	instanceName         = "SWW_WAF_INSTANCE_NAME"
+	logRequestHeaders    = "SWW_WAF_LOG_REQUEST_HEADERS"
+	logLevel             = "SWW_WAF_LOG_LEVEL"
+	rulesDir             = "SWW_WAF_RULES_DIR"
+	rulesEnabled         = "SWW_WAF_RULES_ENABLED"
+	wafMode              = "SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_MODE"
+	wafParanoiaLevel     = "SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_PARANOIA_LEVEL"
+	wafAnomalyThreshold  = "SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD"
+	wafDisabledRules     = "SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_DISABLED_RULES"
+	wafExemptPaths       = "SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_EXEMPT_PATHS"
+	wafBodyLimit         = "SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_BODY_LIMIT"
+	exclusionsFile       = "SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE"
+	trapPaths            = "SWW_WAF_TRAP_PATHS"
+	errorBurstThreshold  = "SWW_WAF_ERROR_BURST_THRESHOLD"
+	logRemoteURL         = "SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_URL"
+	logRemoteTLSCAFile   = "SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_TLS_CA_FILE"
+	logRemoteBuffer      = "SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_BUFFER"
+	logRemoteFacility    = "SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_FACILITY"
+	logRemoteAppName     = "SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_APP_NAME"
+	alertWebhookURL      = "SWW_WAF_ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL"
+	alertWebhookHeaders  = "SWW_WAF_ALERT_WEBHOOK_HEADERS"
+	alertSlackWebhookURL = "SWW_WAF_ALERT_SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL"
+	alertNtfyURL         = "SWW_WAF_ALERT_NTFY_URL"
+	alertNtfyToken       = "SWW_WAF_ALERT_NTFY_TOKEN" //nolint:gosec // the setting's name
+	alertEvents          = "SWW_WAF_ALERT_EVENTS"
+	alertCooldown        = "SWW_WAF_ALERT_COOLDOWN"
+	alertMaxPerHour      = "SWW_WAF_ALERT_MAX_PER_HOUR"
+	anomalyNetV4Prefix   = "SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_NET_V4_PREFIX"
+	anomalyNetV6Prefix   = "SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_NET_V6_PREFIX"
+	watchNets            = "SWW_WAF_WATCH_NETS"
 )
 
 // The anomaly thresholds: each of the prefixes below, which name a scope,
 // followed by each of the four ends.
 const (
-	anomalyClient = "SWW_ANOMALY_CLIENT_"
-	anomalyNet    = "SWW_ANOMALY_NET_"
-	anomalyASN    = "SWW_ANOMALY_ASN_"
-	anomalyTotal  = "SWW_ANOMALY_TOTAL_"
-	watch         = "SWW_WATCH_"
+	anomalyClient = "SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_CLIENT_"
+	anomalyNet    = "SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_NET_"
+	anomalyASN    = "SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_ASN_"
+	anomalyTotal  = "SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_TOTAL_"
+	watch         = "SWW_WAF_WATCH_"
 
 	requestsPerMinute = "REQUESTS_PER_MINUTE"
 	requestsPerHour   = "REQUESTS_PER_HOUR"
@@ -157,21 +161,21 @@ func loggedAnomalyDefaults() map[string]string {
 	return logged
 }
 
-// defaultAlertEvents is the default of SWW_ALERT_EVENTS, and
-// defaultAlertCooldown that of SWW_ALERT_COOLDOWN.
+// defaultAlertEvents is the default of SWW_WAF_ALERT_EVENTS, and
+// defaultAlertCooldown that of SWW_WAF_ALERT_COOLDOWN.
 const (
 	defaultAlertEvents = "ban,permanent_ban,core_rule_set_match,anomaly,reputation_hit," +
 		"source_failure,file_error"
 	defaultAlertCooldown = "15m"
 )
 
-// defaultReputationCacheTTL is the default of SWW_REPUTATION_CACHE_TTL.
+// defaultReputationCacheTTL is the default of SWW_WAF_REPUTATION_CACHE_TTL.
 const defaultReputationCacheTTL = "24h"
 
-// defaultWAFDisabledRules is the default of SWW_WAF_DISABLED_RULES.
+// defaultWAFDisabledRules is the default of SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_DISABLED_RULES.
 const defaultWAFDisabledRules = "920340,920420,920440,920640,930130,930140"
 
-// defaultLogRequestHeaders is the default of SWW_LOG_REQUEST_HEADERS.
+// defaultLogRequestHeaders is the default of SWW_WAF_LOG_REQUEST_HEADERS.
 const defaultLogRequestHeaders = "accept,accept-language,accept-encoding," +
 	"content-type,origin,range"
 
@@ -196,8 +200,8 @@ const (
 	otherToken = "fedcba9876543210fedcba9876543210"
 )
 
-// instance is an SWW_INSTANCE_NAME that is a valid app name too, and
-// remoteURL an SWW_LOG_REMOTE_URL, for the tests that send the lines.
+// instance is an SWW_WAF_INSTANCE_NAME that is a valid app name too, and
+// remoteURL an SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_URL, for the tests that send the lines.
 const (
 	instance  = "fsn1app1/blog"
 	remoteURL = "syslog+udp://192.0.2.1:514"
@@ -212,7 +216,7 @@ const enabled = "true"
 // disabled is false, as a setting's value.
 const disabled = "false"
 
-// defaultLookupSource is the default of SWW_LOOKUP_SOURCE, and
+// defaultLookupSource is the default of SWW_WAF_LOOKUP_SOURCE, and
 // fileSource the source that is the lookup database.
 const (
 	defaultLookupSource = "geojs"
@@ -222,18 +226,16 @@ const (
 // environment is a set of environment variables, for FromEnvironment.
 type environment map[string]string
 
-// lookupEnv reads one of the variables, as os.LookupEnv does.
-func (e environment) lookupEnv(name string) (string, bool) {
-	value, ok := e[name]
-
-	return value, ok
+// viper returns a viper holding each of the variables.
+func (e environment) viper() *viper.Viper {
+	return configtest.Viper(e)
 }
 
 // fromEnvironment reads the settings from env, which must be valid.
 func fromEnvironment(t *testing.T, env environment) *config.Config {
 	t.Helper()
 
-	cfg, err := config.FromEnvironment(env.lookupEnv)
+	cfg, err := config.FromEnvironment(env.viper())
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("settings %v: %v", env, err)
 	}
@@ -262,6 +264,7 @@ func TestDefaults(t *testing.T) {
 		StateDir:             "/var/lib/sww",
 		StateWriteDelay:      10 * time.Second,
 		StateCounterInterval: 15 * time.Minute,
+		CacheDir:             "/var/cache/sww",
 		MetricsToken:         "",
 		MetricsTopN:          50,
 		RulesDir:             "/etc/sww/rules.d",
@@ -346,6 +349,7 @@ func TestValuesAsSet(t *testing.T) {
 		stateDir:             "/srv/waf-state",
 		stateWriteDelay:      "500ms",
 		stateCounterInterval: "1h",
+		cacheDir:             "/srv/waf-cache",
 		metricsToken:         token,
 		metricsTopN:          "10",
 		rulesDir:             "/srv/waf-rules",
@@ -368,6 +372,7 @@ func TestValuesAsSet(t *testing.T) {
 		StateDir:             "/srv/waf-state",
 		StateWriteDelay:      500 * time.Millisecond,
 		StateCounterInterval: time.Hour,
+		CacheDir:             "/srv/waf-cache",
 		MetricsToken:         token,
 		MetricsTopN:          10,
 		RulesDir:             "/srv/waf-rules",
@@ -462,7 +467,7 @@ func TestPathPrefixNotStartingWithSlashStopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	_, err := config.FromEnvironment(
-		environment{rateLimitExemptPaths: "/favicon.ico,assets/"}.lookupEnv)
+		environment{rateLimitExemptPaths: "/favicon.ico,assets/"}.viper())
 
 	want := rateLimitExemptPaths + `: "assets/" is not a path prefix ` +
 		`starting with /, such as /assets/`
@@ -517,7 +522,7 @@ func TestInvalidTrapPathOrErrorBurstThresholdStopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run(tc.name+"="+tc.value, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
 
-			_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{tc.name: tc.value}.lookupEnv)
+			_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{tc.name: tc.value}.viper())
 
 			want := tc.name + ": " + tc.want
 			if err == nil || err.Error() != want {
@@ -636,17 +641,17 @@ func TestInvalidCoreRuleSetSettingStopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
 			wafBodyLimit, "128KB",
 			`"128KB" is not a size such as 512K, 100M or 5G, or off`,
 		},
-		{wafBodyLimit, "65K", `"65K" is more than 64K, the most discriminator ` +
+		{wafBodyLimit, "65K", `"65K" is more than 64K, the most waf ` +
 			`gets of a body`},
 		{
 			wafBodyLimit, "65537",
-			`"65537" is more than 64K, the most discriminator gets of a body`,
+			`"65537" is more than 64K, the most waf gets of a body`,
 		},
 	} {
 		t.Run(tc.name+"="+tc.value, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
 
-			_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{tc.name: tc.value}.lookupEnv)
+			_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{tc.name: tc.value}.viper())
 
 			want := tc.name + ": " + tc.want
 			if err == nil || err.Error() != want {
@@ -771,7 +776,7 @@ func TestInvalidRemoteLogSettingStopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
 		{logRemoteAppName, ""}, {logRemoteAppName, "my app"},
 		{logRemoteAppName, "gitéa"}, {logRemoteAppName, strings.Repeat("a", 49)},
 	} {
-		_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{tc.name: tc.value}.lookupEnv)
+		_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{tc.name: tc.value}.viper())
 		if err == nil || !strings.HasPrefix(err.Error(), tc.name+": ") {
 			t.Errorf("%s=%q: error %v, want one naming it", tc.name, tc.value, err)
 		}
@@ -788,7 +793,7 @@ func TestRemoteLogCAFileWithoutCertificateStopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("write %s: %v", caFile, err)
 	}
 
-	_, err = config.FromEnvironment(environment{logRemoteTLSCAFile: caFile}.lookupEnv)
+	_, err = config.FromEnvironment(environment{logRemoteTLSCAFile: caFile}.viper())
 
 	want := logRemoteTLSCAFile + `: "` + caFile + `" holds no PEM certificate`
 	if err == nil || err.Error() != want {
@@ -803,7 +808,7 @@ func TestInstanceNameNotAnAppNameStopsTheStartOnlyWhileSending(t *testing.T) {
 
 	sending := environment{logRemoteURL: remoteURL, instanceName: spaced}
 
-	_, err := config.FromEnvironment(sending.lookupEnv)
+	_, err := config.FromEnvironment(sending.viper())
 
 	want := logRemoteAppName + `: is unset, and ` + instanceName +
 		` "fsn1 app1", its default, is not 1 to 48 printable ASCII characters ` +
@@ -833,7 +838,7 @@ func TestAppNameSetStopsTheStartWhileSending(t *testing.T) {
 		logRemoteURL:     remoteURL,
 		instanceName:     instance,
 		logRemoteAppName: "my app",
-	}.lookupEnv)
+	}.viper())
 
 	want := logRemoteAppName + `: "my app" is not 1 to 48 printable ASCII ` +
 		`characters without a space, such as blog`
@@ -964,7 +969,7 @@ func TestWebhookHeadersAreLoggedMaskedAndNeverShown(t *testing.T) {
 	// An item that is not a header is named by its place, not shown.
 	_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{
 		alertWebhookHeaders: "X-Team:ops," + secret,
-	}.lookupEnv)
+	}.viper())
 
 	want := alertWebhookHeaders + ": item 2 is not a header name followed by : " +
 		"and the header's value, such as Authorization:Bearer <token>"
@@ -1001,7 +1006,7 @@ func TestWebhookURLIsLoggedWithoutItsPathOrQueryAndNeverShown(t *testing.T) {
 		"ftp://hooks.example/services/" + secret,
 		"https://hooks.example/services/%zz" + secret,
 	} {
-		_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{alertWebhookURL: value}.lookupEnv)
+		_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{alertWebhookURL: value}.viper())
 
 		want := alertWebhookURL + ": is not an http or https URL without a user or " +
 			"a fragment, such as https://alerts.example/sww"
@@ -1052,7 +1057,7 @@ func TestNtfyTokenWithAControlCharacterStopsTheStartWithoutShowingIt(t *testing.
 		"set":       {alertNtfyToken: token + "\r"},
 		"in a file": {alertNtfyToken + "_FILE": writeFile(t, token+"\r\n")},
 	} {
-		_, err := config.FromEnvironment(env.lookupEnv)
+		_, err := config.FromEnvironment(env.viper())
 
 		want := alertNtfyToken + ": holds a control character, such as the " +
 			"carriage return of a Windows line end"
@@ -1069,7 +1074,7 @@ func TestInstanceNameWithAControlCharacterStopsTheStartOnlyWithNtfySet(t *testin
 
 	_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{
 		instanceName: name, alertNtfyURL: "https://ntfy.example/sww-alerts",
-	}.lookupEnv)
+	}.viper())
 
 	want := instanceName + `: "fsn1app1\r" holds a control character, such as the ` +
 		`carriage return of a Windows line end, and is sent to ntfy in a header ` +
@@ -1094,7 +1099,7 @@ func TestInstanceNameNotUTF8StopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
 		"set":       {instanceName: latin1},
 		"in a file": {instanceName + "_FILE": writeFile(t, latin1+"\n")},
 	} {
-		_, err := config.FromEnvironment(env.lookupEnv)
+		_, err := config.FromEnvironment(env.viper())
 
 		want := instanceName + `: "caf\xe9" is not valid UTF-8`
 		if err == nil || err.Error() != want {
@@ -1109,9 +1114,10 @@ func TestCodeInAllowedCountriesAndTagDenyStopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
 	_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{
 		tagDeny:          "country=cn,country=ru",
 		allowedCountries: "de,RU",
-	}.lookupEnv)
+	}.viper())
 	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatal("ru in SWW_EXCLUSIVELY_ALLOWED_COUNTRIES and SWW_TAG_DENY was accepted")
+		t.Fatal("ru in SWW_WAF_EXCLUSIVELY_ALLOWED_COUNTRIES and " +
+			"SWW_WAF_TAG_DENY was accepted")
 	}
 
 	if !strings.HasPrefix(err.Error(), allowedCountries+": ") ||
@@ -1171,7 +1177,7 @@ func TestLookupDBPathGoesWithTheFileSourceAlone(t *testing.T) {
 			lookupDBPath + ": is set while " + lookupSource + " is off; only file reads it",
 		},
 	} {
-		_, err := config.FromEnvironment(tc.env.lookupEnv)
+		_, err := config.FromEnvironment(tc.env.viper())
 		if err == nil || err.Error() != tc.want {
 			t.Errorf("settings %v: error %v, want %s", tc.env, err, tc.want)
 		}
@@ -1200,7 +1206,7 @@ func TestSettingNeedingLookupsStopsTheStartWhileTheyAreOff(t *testing.T) {
 
 			_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{
 				lookupSource: off, name: value,
-			}.lookupEnv)
+			}.viper())
 			if err == nil || !strings.HasPrefix(err.Error(), name+": ") ||
 				!strings.Contains(err.Error(), lookupSource+" is off") {
 				t.Errorf("error %v, want one naming %s and %s", err, name, lookupSource)
@@ -1209,7 +1215,7 @@ func TestSettingNeedingLookupsStopsTheStartWhileTheyAreOff(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// Set empty, the lists need nothing looked up, and nor does
-	// SWW_UNKNOWN_LIMIT_PERCENT at 100, which lowers no limit, a tag the
+	// SWW_WAF_UNKNOWN_LIMIT_PERCENT at 100, which lowers no limit, a tag the
 	// lookup does not give, an anomaly threshold per AS number that is off,
 	// any other anomaly threshold, or a blocklist.
 	env := environment{
@@ -1351,7 +1357,7 @@ func TestInvalidAnomalySettingStopsTheStartSayingWhatIsWrong(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run(tc.name+"="+tc.value, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
 
-			_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{tc.name: tc.value}.lookupEnv)
+			_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{tc.name: tc.value}.viper())
 
 			want := tc.name + ": " + tc.want
 			if err == nil || err.Error() != want {
@@ -1445,14 +1451,14 @@ func TestRouteWatchURLAndPrefixTags(t *testing.T) {
 		{environment{lookupSource: off, routeWatchURL: rw, tagDeny: "country=DE"}, tagDeny},
 		{environment{lookupSource: off, tagDeny: "asn=64496"}, tagDeny},
 	} {
-		_, err := config.FromEnvironment(stopped.env.lookupEnv)
+		_, err := config.FromEnvironment(stopped.env.viper())
 		if err == nil || !strings.HasPrefix(err.Error(), stopped.name+": ") {
 			t.Errorf("%v gave the error %v, want one naming %s", stopped.env, err, stopped.name)
 		}
 	}
 
 	badURL := environment{routeWatchURL: "ftp://routewatch.example"}
-	_, err := config.FromEnvironment(badURL.lookupEnv)
+	_, err := config.FromEnvironment(badURL.viper())
 
 	want := routeWatchURL + `: "ftp://routewatch.example" is not an http or https URL ` +
 		"without a user or a fragment, such as https://routewatch.example"
@@ -1507,7 +1513,7 @@ func TestTagThatNoRequestCanGetIsToldApartFromOneItCan(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
 
-			_, err := config.FromEnvironment(tc.env.lookupEnv)
+			_, err := config.FromEnvironment(tc.env.viper())
 
 			switch {
 			case tc.want == "" && err != nil:
@@ -1545,7 +1551,7 @@ func TestErrorOfATagSettingLeavesOutAZoneKey(t *testing.T) {
 		{tagLimitPercent, tag + ":50," + tag + " :25", twice},
 		{tagLimitPercent, tag + ":50,,", emptyItem},
 	} {
-		_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{tc.name: tc.value}.lookupEnv)
+		_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{tc.name: tc.value}.viper())
 
 		want := tc.name + ": " + tc.want
 		if err == nil || err.Error() != want {
@@ -1567,7 +1573,7 @@ func TestTagListURLFetchedAsAnotherListStopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
 		{"the file of AS:percent lines", asnURL, environment{asnLimitPercentURL: asnURL}},
 		{
 			"the CrowdSec decision list", lapi + "/v1/decisions",
-			environment{"SWW_CROWDSEC_LAPI_URL": lapi, "SWW_CROWDSEC_LAPI_KEY": "key"},
+			environment{"SWW_WAF_CROWDSEC_LAPI_URL": lapi, "SWW_WAF_CROWDSEC_LAPI_KEY": "key"},
 		},
 	} {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -1575,10 +1581,10 @@ func TestTagListURLFetchedAsAnotherListStopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
 
 			tc.env[tagLists] = "dup=" + tc.listURL
 
-			want := tagLists + `: "` + tc.listURL + `" is in SWW_BLOCKLIST_URLS, is ` +
-				"SWW_ASN_LIMIT_PERCENT_URL or is the CrowdSec decision list too"
+			want := tagLists + `: "` + tc.listURL + `" is in SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_URLS, is ` +
+				"SWW_WAF_ASN_LIMIT_PERCENT_URL or is the CrowdSec decision list too"
 
-			_, err := config.FromEnvironment(tc.env.lookupEnv)
+			_, err := config.FromEnvironment(tc.env.viper())
 			if err == nil || err.Error() != want {
 				t.Errorf("error %v, want %s", err, want)
 			}
@@ -1647,7 +1653,7 @@ func TestInvalidBiasedThresholdStopsTheStartSayingWhatIsWrong(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run(tc.name+"="+tc.value, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
 
-			_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{tc.name: tc.value}.lookupEnv)
+			_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{tc.name: tc.value}.viper())
 
 			want := tc.name + ": " + tc.want
 			if err == nil || err.Error() != want {
@@ -1665,7 +1671,7 @@ const (
 	asnURL  = "https://lists.example/asn.txt"
 )
 
-// The actions of SWW_BLOCKLIST_ACTION, as Config gives them.
+// The actions of SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_ACTION, as Config gives them.
 const (
 	actionDeny  = "deny"
 	actionLimit = "limit"
@@ -1744,7 +1750,7 @@ func TestInvalidReputationSettingStopsTheStartSayingWhatIsWrong(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run(tc.name+"="+tc.value, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
 
-			_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{tc.name: tc.value}.lookupEnv)
+			_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{tc.name: tc.value}.viper())
 
 			want := tc.name + ": " + tc.want
 			if err == nil || err.Error() != want {
@@ -1759,9 +1765,9 @@ func TestASNLimitPercentURLThatIsABlocklistStopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
 
 	_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{
 		blocklistURLs: dropURL + "," + asnURL, asnLimitPercentURL: asnURL,
-	}.lookupEnv)
+	}.viper())
 
-	want := asnLimitPercentURL + `: "` + asnURL + `" is in SWW_BLOCKLIST_URLS too`
+	want := asnLimitPercentURL + `: "` + asnURL + `" is in SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_URLS too`
 	if err == nil || err.Error() != want {
 		t.Errorf("error %v, want %s", err, want)
 	}
@@ -1886,7 +1892,7 @@ func TestInvalidDNSBLSettingStopsTheStartSayingWhatIsWrong(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run(tc.name+"="+tc.value, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
 
-			_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{tc.name: tc.value}.lookupEnv)
+			_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{tc.name: tc.value}.viper())
 
 			want := tc.name + ": " + tc.want
 			if err == nil || err.Error() != want {
@@ -1954,7 +1960,7 @@ func TestDNSBLZoneKeyIsLoggedMaskedAndNeverShown(t *testing.T) {
 		{spamhaus + "," + otherZone, `"` + spamhausMasked + `" is listed twice`},
 		{spamhaus + ",,", "has an empty item in its list"},
 	} {
-		_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{dnsblZones: tc.value}.lookupEnv)
+		_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{dnsblZones: tc.value}.viper())
 
 		want := dnsblZones + ": " + tc.want
 		if err == nil || err.Error() != want {
@@ -2007,7 +2013,7 @@ func TestInvalidAbuseIPDBSettingStopsTheStartSayingWhatIsWrong(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run(tc.name+"="+tc.value, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
 
-			_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{tc.name: tc.value}.lookupEnv)
+			_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{tc.name: tc.value}.viper())
 
 			want := tc.name + ": " + tc.want
 			if err == nil || err.Error() != want {
@@ -2064,7 +2070,7 @@ func TestInvalidCrowdSecSettingStopsTheStartSayingWhatIsWrong(t *testing.T) {
 		notLAPIURL = " is not an http or https URL without a user or a fragment, " +
 			"such as http://172.17.0.1:8080"
 		anotherList = `gives the decision list "` + lapi + `/v1/decisions", which is in ` +
-			`SWW_BLOCKLIST_URLS or is SWW_ASN_LIMIT_PERCENT_URL too`
+			`SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_URLS or is SWW_WAF_ASN_LIMIT_PERCENT_URL too`
 	)
 
 	for _, tc := range []struct {
@@ -2121,7 +2127,7 @@ func TestInvalidCrowdSecSettingStopsTheStartSayingWhatIsWrong(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
 
-			_, err := config.FromEnvironment(tc.env.lookupEnv)
+			_, err := config.FromEnvironment(tc.env.viper())
 			if err == nil || err.Error() != tc.want {
 				t.Errorf("error %v, want %s", err, tc.want)
 			}
@@ -2274,14 +2280,14 @@ func TestInvalidValueStopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
 
 // wantExploitTagStopsTheStartWithRulesAndCoreRuleSetOff checks that with rule
 // files off, and either setting turning off the Core Rule Set, the tag
-// exploitsignature in SWW_TAG_DENY stops the start.
+// exploitsignature in SWW_WAF_TAG_DENY stops the start.
 func wantExploitTagStopsTheStartWithRulesAndCoreRuleSetOff(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Helper()
 
 	for _, name := range []string{wafMode, wafAnomalyThreshold} {
 		_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{
 			tagDeny: exploitTag, rulesEnabled: disabled, name: off,
-		}.lookupEnv)
+		}.viper())
 		if err == nil || !strings.HasPrefix(err.Error(), tagDeny+": ") {
 			t.Errorf("%s=off with rule files off gave the error %v, want one naming %s",
 				name, err, tagDeny)
@@ -2302,6 +2308,7 @@ func TestInvalidBanOrStateValueStopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
 		{stateDir, ""}, {stateDir, "state"}, {stateDir, "./var/lib/sww"},
 		{stateWriteDelay, off}, {stateWriteDelay, "0s"},
 		{stateCounterInterval, off}, {stateCounterInterval, "15"},
+		{cacheDir, ""}, {cacheDir, "cache"}, {cacheDir, "./var/cache/sww"},
 	})
 }
 
@@ -2314,7 +2321,7 @@ func wantStartStopped(t *testing.T, invalid []struct{ name, value string }) {
 		t.Run(tc.name+"="+tc.value, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
 
-			_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{tc.name: tc.value}.lookupEnv)
+			_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{tc.name: tc.value}.viper())
 			if err == nil {
 				t.Fatalf("%s=%q was accepted", tc.name, tc.value)
 			}
@@ -2339,7 +2346,7 @@ func TestHostOrTransferEncodingStopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run(value, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
 
-			_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{logRequestHeaders: value}.lookupEnv)
+			_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{logRequestHeaders: value}.viper())
 			if err == nil || err.Error() != logRequestHeaders+": "+want {
 				t.Errorf("error %v, want %s: %s", err, logRequestHeaders, want)
 			}
@@ -2356,7 +2363,7 @@ func TestShortTokenStopsTheStartWithoutShowingIt(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Run(name+"="+value, func(t *testing.T) {
 				t.Parallel()
 
-				_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{name: value}.lookupEnv)
+				_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{name: value}.viper())
 
 				want := name + ": is shorter than 32 characters"
 				if err == nil || err.Error() != want {
@@ -2412,7 +2419,7 @@ func TestSettingFromFileIsCheckedAsTheSettingItself(t *testing.T) {
 
 	_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{
 		bytesLimitPerMinute + "_FILE": writeFile(t, "lots\n"),
-	}.lookupEnv)
+	}.viper())
 
 	want := bytesLimitPerMinute + `: "lots" is not a size such as 512K, 100M or 5G, or off`
 	if err == nil || err.Error() != want {
@@ -2423,7 +2430,7 @@ func TestSettingFromFileIsCheckedAsTheSettingItself(t *testing.T) {
 		logRemoteURL:               remoteURL,
 		instanceName:               instance,
 		logRemoteAppName + "_FILE": writeFile(t, "my app\n"),
-	}.lookupEnv)
+	}.viper())
 
 	want = logRemoteAppName + `: "my app" is not 1 to 48 printable ASCII ` +
 		`characters without a space, such as blog`
@@ -2438,7 +2445,7 @@ func TestSettingAndItsFileBothSetStopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
 	_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{
 		metricsToken:           token,
 		metricsToken + "_FILE": writeFile(t, token),
-	}.lookupEnv)
+	}.viper())
 
 	want := metricsToken + ": is set, and so is " + metricsToken +
 		"_FILE; set only one of them"
@@ -2453,7 +2460,7 @@ func TestUnreadableSettingFileStopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
 	dir := t.TempDir()
 
 	for _, path := range []string{filepath.Join(dir, "missing"), dir} {
-		_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{metricsToken + "_FILE": path}.lookupEnv)
+		_, err := config.FromEnvironment(environment{metricsToken + "_FILE": path}.viper())
 
 		want := metricsToken + "_FILE: cannot be read: "
 		if err == nil || !strings.HasPrefix(err.Error(), want) {
@@ -2574,6 +2581,7 @@ func TestLogsEachSettingWithItsValue(t *testing.T) {
 		stateDir:             "/var/lib/sww",
 		stateWriteDelay:      "10s",
 		stateCounterInterval: "15m",
+		cacheDir:             "/var/cache/sww",
 		adminToken:           "",
 		metricsToken:         "",
 		metricsTopN:          "50",
@@ -2674,8 +2682,8 @@ func wantLookupSettings(t *testing.T, got *config.Config, want config.Config) {
 	}
 }
 
-// wantBanSettings checks the settings for bans, the state files, the
-// metrics and the rule files.
+// wantBanSettings checks the settings for bans, the state and cache
+// files, the metrics and the rule files.
 func wantBanSettings(t *testing.T, got *config.Config, want config.Config) {
 	t.Helper()
 
@@ -2694,11 +2702,7 @@ func wantBanSettings(t *testing.T, got *config.Config, want config.Config) {
 			got.RulesDir, got.RulesEnabled, want.RulesDir, want.RulesEnabled)
 	}
 
-	if got.StateDir != want.StateDir ||
-		got.StateWriteDelay != want.StateWriteDelay ||
-		got.StateCounterInterval != want.StateCounterInterval {
-		t.Errorf("state settings\n%+v\nwant\n%+v", got, want)
-	}
+	wantStateSettings(t, got, want)
 
 	if got.MetricsToken != want.MetricsToken || got.MetricsTopN != want.MetricsTopN {
 		t.Errorf("metrics token %q and top %d, want %q and %d",
@@ -2706,6 +2710,18 @@ func wantBanSettings(t *testing.T, got *config.Config, want config.Config) {
 	}
 }
 
+// wantStateSettings checks the settings for the state and cache files.
+func wantStateSettings(t *testing.T, got *config.Config, want config.Config) {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	if got.StateDir != want.StateDir ||
+		got.StateWriteDelay != want.StateWriteDelay ||
+		got.StateCounterInterval != want.StateCounterInterval ||
+		got.CacheDir != want.CacheDir {
+		t.Errorf("state settings\n%+v\nwant\n%+v", got, want)
+	}
+}
+
 // wantNetblocks checks a list of netblocks.
 func wantNetblocks(t *testing.T, got []netip.Prefix, want ...string) {
 	t.Helper()

internal/config/configtest/configtest.go

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// Package configtest gives the tests of the packages that read settings the
+// settings they choose.
+package configtest
+
+import "github.com/spf13/viper"
+
+// Viper returns a viper holding each of settings, as the viper config.NewViper
+// returns holds a process's environment.
+func Viper(settings map[string]string) *viper.Viper {
+	v := viper.New()
+	for name, value := range settings {
+		v.Set(name, value)
+	}
+
+	return v
+}

internal/config/rproxy.go

@@ -8,38 +8,39 @@ import (
 	"net/netip"
 	"net/url"
 	"strconv"
-	"strings"
 	"time"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/viper"
 )
 
 // RProxy is the settings of `sww rproxy`. A size or time limit of zero
 // is off.
 type RProxy struct {
-	// ListenAddr is where rproxy listens (SWRP_LISTEN_ADDR).
+	// ListenAddr is where rproxy listens (SWW_RPROXY_LISTEN_ADDR).
 	ListenAddr string
-	// UpstreamURL is the app (SWRP_UPSTREAM_URL).
+	// UpstreamURL is the app (SWW_RPROXY_UPSTREAM_URL).
 	UpstreamURL *url.URL
 	// TrustedProxies are the netblocks whose X-Forwarded-For is believed
-	// (SWRP_TRUSTED_PROXIES).
+	// (SWW_RPROXY_TRUSTED_PROXIES).
 	TrustedProxies []netip.Prefix
-	// WAFBackend is discriminator's URL (SWRP_WAF_BACKEND).
+	// WAFBackend is waf's URL (SWW_RPROXY_WAF_BACKEND).
 	WAFBackend *url.URL
-	// Timeout is how long rproxy waits for discriminator's answer to a question,
-	// and to a report (SWRP_TIMEOUT_MS). It cannot be off.
+	// Timeout is how long rproxy waits for waf's answer to a question,
+	// and to a report (SWW_RPROXY_TIMEOUT_MS). It cannot be off.
 	Timeout time.Duration
-	// DefaultDisposition is what is done with a request when discriminator cannot be
+	// DefaultDisposition is what is done with a request when waf cannot be
 	// connected to, does not answer at all, or does not answer within Timeout:
-	// allow or deny (SWRP_DEFAULT_DISPOSITION).
+	// allow or deny (SWW_RPROXY_DEFAULT_DISPOSITION).
 	DefaultDisposition string
-	// MaxRequestSize is the largest request body (SWRP_MAX_REQUEST_SIZE), and
-	// MaxResponseSize the largest response body (SWRP_MAX_RESPONSE_SIZE).
+	// MaxRequestSize is the largest request body (SWW_RPROXY_MAX_REQUEST_SIZE), and
+	// MaxResponseSize the largest response body (SWW_RPROXY_MAX_RESPONSE_SIZE).
 	MaxRequestSize  int64
 	MaxResponseSize int64
 	// MaxRequestTime bounds sending the whole request: the visitor's request
 	// line and headers, and then, from their end, its body on its way to the
-	// app (SWRP_MAX_REQUEST_TIME_MS). MaxResponseTime bounds the answer, from
+	// app (SWW_RPROXY_MAX_REQUEST_TIME_MS). MaxResponseTime bounds the answer, from
 	// the end of the request to its last byte reaching the visitor
-	// (SWRP_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS).
+	// (SWW_RPROXY_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS).
 	MaxRequestTime  time.Duration
 	MaxResponseTime time.Duration
 
@@ -50,7 +51,7 @@ type RProxy struct {
 
 var (
 	errNeedsWAFBackend = errors.New(
-		"is required: it is discriminator's URL, such as http://discriminator:8080")
+		"is required: it is waf's URL, such as http://waf:8080")
 	errNotDisposition  = errors.New("is not allow or deny")
 	errNotMilliseconds = errors.New(
 		"is not a whole number of milliseconds above zero, such as 2000")
@@ -58,24 +59,26 @@ var (
 		"is not a whole number of milliseconds above zero, such as 60000, or off")
 )
 
-// RProxyFromEnvironment reads rproxy's settings with lookupEnv, normally
-// os.LookupEnv. A setting that is not set takes its default, and
-// SWRP_WAF_BACKEND, which has none, must be set. A setting that is set but
-// invalid is an error that names it. Since rproxy never touches disk, its
-// settings have no _FILE form.
-func RProxyFromEnvironment(lookupEnv func(string) (string, bool)) (*RProxy, error) {
-	env := &environment{lookupEnv: withoutFileForms(lookupEnv)}
+// RProxyFromEnvironment reads rproxy's settings through v, normally the viper
+// NewViper returns, bound to the process's environment. A setting that is not
+// set takes its default, and SWW_RPROXY_WAF_BACKEND, which has none, must be
+// set. A setting may instead be given as a file: the variable named by the
+// setting's name with _FILE added names the file, which is read now. A setting
+// that is set but invalid is an error that names it.
+func RProxyFromEnvironment(v *viper.Viper) (*RProxy, error) {
+	env := &environment{v: v}
 	cfg := &RProxy{
-		ListenAddr:         env.address("SWRP_LISTEN_ADDR"),
-		UpstreamURL:        env.appURL("SWRP_UPSTREAM_URL", defaultUpstreamURL),
-		TrustedProxies:     env.netblocks("SWRP_TRUSTED_PROXIES", privateRanges),
-		WAFBackend:         env.wafBackend("SWRP_WAF_BACKEND"),
-		Timeout:            env.milliseconds("SWRP_TIMEOUT_MS", "2000"),
-		DefaultDisposition: env.disposition("SWRP_DEFAULT_DISPOSITION", "allow"),
-		MaxRequestSize:     env.size("SWRP_MAX_REQUEST_SIZE", "100M"),
-		MaxResponseSize:    env.size("SWRP_MAX_RESPONSE_SIZE", "1G"),
-		MaxRequestTime:     env.millisecondsOrOff("SWRP_MAX_REQUEST_TIME_MS", "60000"),
-		MaxResponseTime:    env.millisecondsOrOff("SWRP_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS", "1800000"),
+		ListenAddr:         env.address("SWW_RPROXY_LISTEN_ADDR"),
+		UpstreamURL:        env.appURL("SWW_RPROXY_UPSTREAM_URL", defaultUpstreamURL),
+		TrustedProxies:     env.netblocks("SWW_RPROXY_TRUSTED_PROXIES", privateRanges),
+		WAFBackend:         env.wafBackend("SWW_RPROXY_WAF_BACKEND"),
+		Timeout:            env.milliseconds("SWW_RPROXY_TIMEOUT_MS", "2000"),
+		DefaultDisposition: env.disposition("SWW_RPROXY_DEFAULT_DISPOSITION", "allow"),
+		MaxRequestSize:     env.size("SWW_RPROXY_MAX_REQUEST_SIZE", "100M"),
+		MaxResponseSize:    env.size("SWW_RPROXY_MAX_RESPONSE_SIZE", "1G"),
+		MaxRequestTime:     env.millisecondsOrOff("SWW_RPROXY_MAX_REQUEST_TIME_MS", "60000"),
+		MaxResponseTime: env.millisecondsOrOff(
+			"SWW_RPROXY_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS", "1800000"),
 	}
 
 	if env.err != nil {
@@ -87,15 +90,15 @@ func RProxyFromEnvironment(lookupEnv func(string) (string, bool)) (*RProxy, erro
 	return cfg, nil
 }
 
-// RProxyListenAddrAndUpstreamURL reads only SWRP_LISTEN_ADDR and
-// SWRP_UPSTREAM_URL. The health check in rproxy's container needs no other
+// RProxyListenAddrAndUpstreamURL reads only SWW_RPROXY_LISTEN_ADDR and
+// SWW_RPROXY_UPSTREAM_URL. The health check in rproxy's container needs no other
 // setting, so it reads no other.
 func RProxyListenAddrAndUpstreamURL(
-	lookupEnv func(string) (string, bool),
+	v *viper.Viper,
 ) (string, *url.URL, error) {
-	env := &environment{lookupEnv: withoutFileForms(lookupEnv)}
-	listenAddr := env.address("SWRP_LISTEN_ADDR")
-	upstreamURL := env.appURL("SWRP_UPSTREAM_URL", defaultUpstreamURL)
+	env := &environment{v: v}
+	listenAddr := env.address("SWW_RPROXY_LISTEN_ADDR")
+	upstreamURL := env.appURL("SWW_RPROXY_UPSTREAM_URL", defaultUpstreamURL)
 
 	if env.err != nil {
 		return "", nil, env.err
@@ -104,27 +107,13 @@ func RProxyListenAddrAndUpstreamURL(
 	return listenAddr, upstreamURL, nil
 }
 
-// withoutFileForms returns lookupEnv finding no setting named with _FILE, since
-// rproxy never touches disk.
-func withoutFileForms(
-	lookupEnv func(string) (string, bool),
-) func(string) (string, bool) {
-	return func(name string) (string, bool) {
-		if strings.HasSuffix(name, "_FILE") {
-			return "", false
-		}
-
-		return lookupEnv(name)
-	}
-}
-
 // LogValue makes an RProxy log as each setting's name with the value it was
 // given, or its default.
 func (c *RProxy) LogValue() slog.Value {
 	return slog.GroupValue(c.settings...)
 }
 
-// wafBackend reads the setting that is discriminator's URL, which must be set.
+// wafBackend reads the setting that is waf's URL, which must be set.
 func (e *environment) wafBackend(name string) *url.URL {
 	value := e.value(name, "")
 	if value == "" {
@@ -139,7 +128,7 @@ func (e *environment) wafBackend(name string) *url.URL {
 	return backend
 }
 
-// disposition reads the setting that is what is done with a request when discriminator
+// disposition reads the setting that is what is done with a request when waf
 // cannot be connected to, does not answer at all, or does not answer in time:
 // allow or deny.
 func (e *environment) disposition(name, defaultValue string) string {

internal/config/rproxy_test.go

@@ -10,21 +10,22 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/config"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/config/configtest"
 )
 
 // rproxy's settings, by name, and their values in these tests.
 const (
-	wafBackend        = "SWRP_WAF_BACKEND"
-	rproxyTimeout     = "SWRP_TIMEOUT_MS"
-	rproxyDefault     = "SWRP_DEFAULT_DISPOSITION"
-	rproxyListen      = "SWRP_LISTEN_ADDR"
-	rproxyUpstream    = "SWRP_UPSTREAM_URL"
-	rproxyTrusted     = "SWRP_TRUSTED_PROXIES"
-	rproxyMaxRequest  = "SWRP_MAX_REQUEST_SIZE"
-	rproxyMaxResponse = "SWRP_MAX_RESPONSE_SIZE"
-	rproxyRequestTime = "SWRP_MAX_REQUEST_TIME_MS"
-	rproxyAnswerTime  = "SWRP_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS"
-	backendURL        = "http://discriminator:8080"
+	wafBackend        = "SWW_RPROXY_WAF_BACKEND"
+	rproxyTimeout     = "SWW_RPROXY_TIMEOUT_MS"
+	rproxyDefault     = "SWW_RPROXY_DEFAULT_DISPOSITION"
+	rproxyListen      = "SWW_RPROXY_LISTEN_ADDR"
+	rproxyUpstream    = "SWW_RPROXY_UPSTREAM_URL"
+	rproxyTrusted     = "SWW_RPROXY_TRUSTED_PROXIES"
+	rproxyMaxRequest  = "SWW_RPROXY_MAX_REQUEST_SIZE"
+	rproxyMaxResponse = "SWW_RPROXY_MAX_RESPONSE_SIZE"
+	rproxyRequestTime = "SWW_RPROXY_MAX_REQUEST_TIME_MS"
+	rproxyAnswerTime  = "SWW_RPROXY_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS"
+	backendURL        = "http://waf:8080"
 	rproxyDefaultAddr = ":8080"
 	rproxyDefaultApp  = "http://127.0.0.1:8081"
 	notASize          = "a lot"
@@ -32,11 +33,7 @@ const (
 
 // rproxyConfig reads rproxy's settings from env.
 func rproxyConfig(env map[string]string) (*config.RProxy, error) {
-	return config.RProxyFromEnvironment(func(name string) (string, bool) {
-		value, ok := env[name]
-
-		return value, ok
-	})
+	return config.RProxyFromEnvironment(configtest.Viper(env))
 }
 
 func TestRProxyDefaults(t *testing.T) {
@@ -114,8 +111,8 @@ func TestRProxyInvalidSettingsAreRefused(t *testing.T) {
 		name, value string
 	}{
 		{wafBackend, ""},
-		{wafBackend, "discriminator:8080"},
-		{wafBackend, "http://discriminator:8080/path"},
+		{wafBackend, "waf:8080"},
+		{wafBackend, "http://waf:8080/path"},
 		{rproxyTimeout, "0"},
 		{rproxyTimeout, "-1"},
 		{rproxyTimeout, off},
@@ -177,31 +174,41 @@ func TestRProxyNeedsItsBackend(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestRProxyReadsNoFile(t *testing.T) {
+func TestRProxySettingReadFromFile(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	path := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "backend")
 
-	err := os.WriteFile(path, []byte("http://from-a-file:8080\n"), 0o600)
+	err := os.WriteFile(path, []byte(backendURL+"\n"), 0o600)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("write: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	_, err = rproxyConfig(map[string]string{wafBackend + "_FILE": path})
-	if err == nil || !strings.HasPrefix(err.Error(), wafBackend+": is required") {
-		t.Errorf("error %v, want %s still required", err, wafBackend)
-	}
-
-	cfg, err := rproxyConfig(map[string]string{
-		wafBackend:              backendURL,
-		rproxyTimeout + "_FILE": "/nonexistent/timeout",
-	})
+	cfg, err := rproxyConfig(map[string]string{wafBackend + "_FILE": path})
 	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("settings: %v, with the file left unread", err)
+		t.Fatalf("settings: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	if cfg.Timeout != 2*time.Second {
-		t.Errorf("timeout %v, want the default", cfg.Timeout)
+	if cfg.WAFBackend.String() != backendURL {
+		t.Errorf("backend %v, want %s", cfg.WAFBackend, backendURL)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRProxyUnreadableSettingFileStopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+
+	for _, path := range []string{filepath.Join(dir, "missing"), dir} {
+		_, err := rproxyConfig(map[string]string{
+			wafBackend:              backendURL,
+			rproxyTimeout + "_FILE": path,
+		})
+
+		want := rproxyTimeout + "_FILE: cannot be read: "
+		if err == nil || !strings.HasPrefix(err.Error(), want) {
+			t.Errorf("%s: error %v, want one starting %s", path, err, want)
+		}
 	}
 }
 

internal/config/viper.go

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+package config
+
+import "github.com/spf13/viper"
+
+// NewViper returns the viper that reads the settings: each setting's
+// environment variable, bound to its own name. Every setting of waf
+// and rproxy is read through it, and none is read with os.Getenv or
+// os.LookupEnv outside it. An environment variable that is set but empty is
+// set, as one that holds a value is, which viper does not take for granted.
+func NewViper() *viper.Viper {
+	v := viper.New()
+	v.AutomaticEnv()
+	v.AllowEmptyEnv(true)
+
+	return v
+}

internal/config/viper_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+package config_test
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/config"
+)
+
+// These tests set real environment variables, so none runs in parallel.
+
+func TestTokenSetEmptyInTheEnvironmentStopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv(adminToken, "")
+
+	_, err := config.FromEnvironment(config.NewViper())
+
+	want := adminToken + ": is shorter than 32 characters"
+	if err == nil || err.Error() != want {
+		t.Fatalf("error %v, want %s", err, want)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestListSetEmptyInTheEnvironmentReplacesItsDefault(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv(wafBackend, backendURL)
+	t.Setenv(rproxyTrusted, "")
+
+	cfg, err := config.RProxyFromEnvironment(config.NewViper())
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("settings: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(cfg.TrustedProxies) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("trusted proxies %v, want none", cfg.TrustedProxies)
+	}
+}

internal/coreruleset/coreruleset.go

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Package coreruleset runs the OWASP Core Rule Set 4.25.0, through Coraza, on the
 // method, the URL with its query and the headers of a request, and on its
-// body while SWW_WAF_BODY_LIMIT is set, with the fourteen changes sww
-// makes to it and the exclusions in SWW_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE, as
+// body while SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_BODY_LIMIT is set, with the fifteen changes sww
+// makes to it and the exclusions in SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE, as
 // "Attack detection" under "Settings" in SPEC.md describes them. It reads no
 // response.
 //
@@ -32,19 +32,19 @@ import (
 
 // directives are the Core Rule Set as sww runs it, with the
 // paranoia level for %d, bodyDirectives for the first %s while
-// SWW_WAF_BODY_LIMIT is set, the exclusions file for the second,
+// SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_BODY_LIMIT is set, the exclusions file for the second,
 // giteaExclusions for the third, wordpressExclusions for the fourth,
 // drupalExclusions for the fifth, mediawikiExclusions for the sixth,
 // mastodonExclusions for the seventh, vaultwardenExclusions for the eighth,
-// and nextcloudExclusions for the ninth.
+// nextcloudExclusions for the ninth, and forgejoExclusions for the tenth.
 // Each rule sww adds has an id from 900000 to 900999, the ids the
 // Core Rule Set keeps for the rules that set it up, which
-// SWW_WAF_DISABLED_RULES and the exclusions file refuse, so that no
+// SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_DISABLED_RULES and the exclusions file refuse, so that no
 // setting switches one off. Coraza joins a line ending in \ to the next,
 // without the spaces at the start of the next.
 const directives = `
 # The engine only detects. sww compares the request's anomaly
-# score with SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD itself, in block and detect mode
+# score with SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD itself, in block and detect mode
 # alike. It reads no body, unless bodyDirectives switch that on.
 SecRuleEngine DetectionOnly
 SecRequestBodyAccess Off
@@ -102,7 +102,10 @@ SecRule ARGUMENTS_LIMIT_REACHED "@eq 1" "id:900300,phase:2,pass,\
 # So does the thirteenth.
 %s
 
-# And the fourteenth.
+# So does the fourteenth.
+%s
+
+# And the fifteenth.
 %s
 
 # The sixth: only the rules for requests are loaded, and no response is
@@ -239,24 +242,32 @@ var vaultwardenExclusions string
 //go:embed nextcloud.conf
 var nextcloudExclusions string
 
+// forgejoExclusions are the fifteenth change: the fields of Forgejo's own
+// requests that skip the rules that refused them there, where Forgejo differs
+// from gitea, as Coraza directives.
+//
+//go:embed forgejo.conf
+var forgejoExclusions string
+
 // cookiesNotRead are the cookies the Core Rule Set reads a request
-// without, the rest of the fifth change.
+// without, the rest of the fifth change. flash is Forgejo's name for
+// gitea_flash.
 //
 //nolint:gochecknoglobals // a constant cannot be a list
-var cookiesNotRead = []string{"gitea_flash", "redirect_to"}
+var cookiesNotRead = []string{"gitea_flash", "flash", "redirect_to"}
 
 // Params are what New needs.
 type Params struct {
-	// ParanoiaLevel is SWW_WAF_PARANOIA_LEVEL, from 1 to 4.
+	// ParanoiaLevel is SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_PARANOIA_LEVEL, from 1 to 4.
 	ParanoiaLevel int
 	// DisabledRules are the ids of the rules switched off
-	// (SWW_WAF_DISABLED_RULES).
+	// (SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_DISABLED_RULES).
 	DisabledRules []int
 	// BodyLimit is the most of a request body the Core Rule Set reads
-	// (SWW_WAF_BODY_LIMIT), 0 while it is off and it reads none.
+	// (SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_BODY_LIMIT), 0 while it is off and it reads none.
 	BodyLimit int64
 	// ExclusionsFile is the path of a file of exclusions loaded before the
-	// Core Rule Set's rules (SWW_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE), "" while
+	// Core Rule Set's rules (SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE), "" while
 	// there is none.
 	ExclusionsFile string
 }
@@ -282,7 +293,7 @@ var errSwwRuleID = errors.New("an id of sww's own rules")
 // SecRuleRemoveById. The Core Rule Set's rules load after the file, so
 // the directive finds none of them.
 var errChangesNoRule = errors.New("the Core Rule Set's rules load after the file; " +
-	"switch a rule off with SWW_WAF_DISABLED_RULES, or on some requests " +
+	"switch a rule off with SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_DISABLED_RULES, or on some requests " +
 	"with a ctl exclusion")
 
 // directivesIn returns the directives in text as Coraza reads them: it
@@ -352,7 +363,7 @@ type CoreRuleSet struct {
 	bodyLimit int64
 }
 
-// New returns the Core Rule Set with the fourteen changes, at params'
+// New returns the Core Rule Set with the fifteen changes, at params'
 // paranoia level, without the rules it switches off, reading request
 // bodies up to params' limit, and with params' exclusions file loaded
 // before the Core Rule Set's rules. An exclusions file is an error if it
@@ -382,7 +393,7 @@ func New(params Params) (*CoreRuleSet, error) {
 	text := fmt.Sprintf(directives, params.ParanoiaLevel, body, exclusions,
 		giteaExclusions, wordpressExclusions, drupalExclusions,
 		mediawikiExclusions, mastodonExclusions, vaultwardenExclusions,
-		nextcloudExclusions)
+		nextcloudExclusions, forgejoExclusions)
 
 	if len(params.DisabledRules) > 0 {
 		ids := make([]string, len(params.DisabledRules))
@@ -470,7 +481,7 @@ func (c *CoreRuleSet) Inspect(
 }
 
 // readBody reads body, the body of the request in tx, which has run on
-// the request's headers, while SWW_WAF_BODY_LIMIT is set and the body is
+// the request's headers, while SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_BODY_LIMIT is set and the body is
 // of a kind the Core Rule Set reads: form data and multipart, of which it
 // reads the first c.bodyLimit bytes, and JSON and XML, which it reads only
 // when they are no longer than that, since they cannot be read in part.

internal/coreruleset/coreruleset_test.go

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ import (
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/coreruleset"
 )
 
-// defaultDisabledRules are the rules SWW_WAF_DISABLED_RULES switches off
+// defaultDisabledRules are the rules SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_DISABLED_RULES switches off
 // by default.
 //
 //nolint:gochecknoglobals // a constant cannot be a list
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ func atDefaults(t *testing.T) *coreruleset.CoreRuleSet {
 }
 
 // wantChange checks that crs lets through passes, a request one of the
-// fourteen changes is for, and still finds result in refused, a request like
+// fifteen changes is for, and still finds result in refused, a request like
 // it that the change is not for.
 func wantChange(
 	t *testing.T, crs *coreruleset.CoreRuleSet, passes, refused request,
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ func TestParameterNamesAreMatchedWithoutRegardToCase(t *testing.T) {
 		get("/?next=http://127.0.0.1:52341/"), matched(931100, 934110))
 }
 
-func TestCookiesGiteaFlashAndRedirectToAreNotRead(t *testing.T) {
+func TestFlashAndRedirectToCookiesAreNotRead(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	const (
@@ -380,8 +380,12 @@ func TestCookiesGiteaFlashAndRedirectToAreNotRead(t *testing.T) {
 
 	crs := atDefaults(t)
 
-	wantChange(t, crs, get("/owner/repo", "Cookie: gitea_flash="+flash),
-		get("/owner/repo", "Cookie: flash="+flash), matched(930120))
+	// flash is Forgejo's name for gitea_flash.
+	for _, name := range []string{"gitea_flash", "flash"} {
+		wantChange(t, crs, get("/owner/repo", "Cookie: "+name+"="+flash),
+			get("/owner/repo", "Cookie: message="+flash), matched(930120))
+	}
+
 	wantChange(t, crs, get("/", "Cookie: redirect_to="+redirectTo),
 		get("/", "Cookie: redirect="+redirectTo), matched(930120))
 
@@ -815,7 +819,7 @@ func misfiringPasswords(t *testing.T) []string {
 func wantRandomPasswordsPass(t *testing.T, r request, name string) {
 	t.Helper()
 
-	const threshold = 5 // SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default
+	const threshold = 5 // SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default
 
 	crs := readingBodies(t)
 	misfiring := misfiringPasswords(t)
@@ -846,7 +850,7 @@ func wantRandomPasswordsPass(t *testing.T, r request, name string) {
 func wantPasswordAttacksPass(t *testing.T, r request, names ...string) {
 	t.Helper()
 
-	const threshold = 5 // SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default
+	const threshold = 5 // SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default
 
 	for _, attack := range []string{
 		"' OR '1'='1", pathTraversal, "; cat /etc/passwd",
@@ -866,7 +870,7 @@ func wantPasswordAttacksPass(t *testing.T, r request, names ...string) {
 func wantPasswordAttacksRefused(t *testing.T, r request, name string) {
 	t.Helper()
 
-	const threshold = 5 // SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default
+	const threshold = 5 // SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default
 
 	for _, attack := range []string{scriptTag, "javascript:alert(1)"} {
 		body := passwordBody(t, r, []string{name}, attack)
@@ -938,21 +942,23 @@ func TestGiteaPasswordsPass(t *testing.T) {
 func TestPasswordFieldsStayCheckedInTheQuery(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	const threshold = 5 // SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default
+	const threshold = 5 // SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default
 
 	crs := readingBodies(t)
 
 	// These fields skip the rules only when the query has no field of the
-	// same name. An SQL injection in the query is refused.
+	// same name. An SQL injection in the query is refused. MediaWiki's
+	// password and retype skip them only when authAction names their form,
+	// so its rows send that before the field.
 	for _, sent := range []struct{ path, field string }{
 		{nextcloudSignIn, passwordField},
 		{mediawikiAPI, passwordField},
 		{mediawikiAPI, "lgpassword="},
 		{mediawikiAPI, retypeKey + "="},
-		{mediawikiAccountChange, passwordField},
-		{mediawikiAccountChange, retypeKey + "="},
-		{mediawikiSignUp, retypeKey + "="},
-		{"/wiki/Special:UserLogin", retypeKey + "="},
+		{mediawikiAccountChange, "authAction=change&" + passwordField},
+		{mediawikiAccountChange, "authAction=change&" + retypeKey + "="},
+		{mediawikiSignUp, "authAction=create&" + retypeKey + "="},
+		{"/wiki/Special:UserLogin", "authAction=login-continue&" + retypeKey + "="},
 		{"/user/sign_up", passwordField},
 		{"/user/settings/account", "old_password="},
 		{wpLogin, "pass1="},
@@ -984,7 +990,7 @@ func TestPasswordFieldsStayCheckedInTheQuery(t *testing.T) {
 func TestPasswordExclusionsAreNarrow(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	const threshold = 5 // SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default
+	const threshold = 5 // SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default
 
 	crs := readingBodies(t)
 
@@ -1011,7 +1017,7 @@ func TestPasswordExclusionsAreNarrow(t *testing.T) {
 func TestGiteaAttacksAreRefused(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	const threshold = 5 // SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default
+	const threshold = 5 // SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default
 
 	crs := atDefaults(t)
 
@@ -1068,7 +1074,7 @@ const (
 )
 
 // readingBodiesUpTo64K returns the Core Rule Set as sww runs it by default,
-// but reading bodies up to the largest SWW_WAF_BODY_LIMIT.
+// but reading bodies up to the largest SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_BODY_LIMIT.
 func readingBodiesUpTo64K(t *testing.T) *coreruleset.CoreRuleSet {
 	t.Helper()
 
@@ -1135,7 +1141,7 @@ func wordpressAttackTargets(attack string) []string {
 func TestWordPressAttacksAreRefused(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	const threshold = 5 // SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default
+	const threshold = 5 // SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default
 
 	defaults, bodies := atDefaults(t), readingBodiesUpTo64K(t)
 
@@ -1694,7 +1700,7 @@ func TestWordPressExclusionsAreNarrow(t *testing.T) {
 	wantBody(t, crs, signIn, body, matched(930120), body)
 }
 
-// bodyLimit is SWW_WAF_BODY_LIMIT in the tests that read bodies.
+// bodyLimit is SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_BODY_LIMIT in the tests that read bodies.
 const bodyLimit = 8 << 10
 
 // The Content-Type headers of the kinds of body the Core Rule Set reads.

internal/coreruleset/drupal.conf

@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@
 # request, before the rules it switches off, so this file is loaded before the
 # Core Rule Set's rules. Each comment names a request a rule refused. An
 # exclusion on a field of a body applies only when the query has no parameter
-# of that name, so it matters only while SWW_WAF_BODY_LIMIT is set. The
-# exclusions above the comment "The fields below are in bodies" also cover a
-# body field of the same name whatever the query holds, and only those below it
-# need a query without that name.
+# of that name, so it matters only while SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_BODY_LIMIT is
+# set. The exclusions above the comment "The fields below are in bodies" also
+# cover a body field of the same name whatever the query holds, and only those
+# below it need a query without that name.
 #
 # Each path may start with a language prefix, such as /fr in
 # /fr/admin/content. The prefix is two or three letters, then optionally a

internal/coreruleset/drupal_test.go

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 )
 
-// drupalThreshold is SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default.
+// drupalThreshold is SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default.
 const drupalThreshold = 5
 
 // drupalAddArticle is Drupal's form for a new article.

internal/coreruleset/forgejo.conf

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# The fifteenth change: on Forgejo's paths, some fields skip the rules that
+# refused ordinary Forgejo requests there. Forgejo is a fork of gitea, and the
+# eighth change's fixes for gitea apply to its requests too, so this file holds
+# only what Forgejo sends and gitea does not. Each exclusion runs with the
+# request, before the rules it switches off, so this file is loaded before the
+# Core Rule Set's rules. Each comment names a request the rule refused.
+
+# Forgejo's search of a wiki sends the text searched for in q, which skips
+# these rules there:
+#   930120: .htaccess
+#   932120: powershell
+#   932160: /bin/sh
+#   932250: ls -la
+#   932260: python3
+SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/[^/]+/[^/]+/wiki/search$" \
+    "id:900680,phase:1,pass,nolog,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930120;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932120;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932160;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932250;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932260;ARGS:q"

internal/coreruleset/forgejo_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+package coreruleset_test
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"slices"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+// forgejoSearches are Forgejo's searches whose q skips some rules: the
+// wiki's, from the fifteenth change, and the searches for a name, from the
+// eighth.
+//
+//nolint:gochecknoglobals // a constant cannot be a list
+var forgejoSearches = []string{
+	"/alice/tools/wiki/search",
+	"/explore/repos",
+	"/explore/users",
+	"/alice/tools/branches",
+	"/alice/-/packages",
+	"/api/v1/packages/alice",
+	"/alice",
+}
+
+// forgejoAttacks are an SQL injection, a path traversal, a script injection
+// and a shell command after a ";", as query values.
+//
+//nolint:gochecknoglobals // a constant cannot be a list
+var forgejoAttacks = []string{
+	sqlInjection, "..%2Fcustom%2Fconf%2Fapp.ini", scriptInjection, commandInjection,
+}
+
+func TestForgejoAttacksAreRefusedInItsSearches(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	const threshold = 5 // SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default
+
+	defaults, bodies := atDefaults(t), readingBodies(t)
+
+	for _, path := range forgejoSearches {
+		for _, attack := range forgejoAttacks {
+			if got := inspect(t, defaults, get(path+"?q="+attack)); got.Score < threshold {
+				t.Errorf("GET %s?q=%s let through: %+v", path, attack, got)
+			}
+
+			// The same field in a form data body.
+			r := request{http.MethodPost, path, []string{formData}}
+			if got, _ := inspectBody(t, bodies, r, "q="+attack); got.Score < threshold {
+				t.Errorf("POST %s q=%s let through: %+v", path, attack, got)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestForgejoExclusionsAreNarrow(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	const threshold = 5 // SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default
+
+	crs := atDefaults(t)
+
+	// /bin/sh and the hard values, which q lets through on the wiki's
+	// search, stay refused in q on paths near it and in another field on it.
+	// /alice/wiki/search would be the code search of a repository named
+	// wiki, where the eighth change lets q through. Forgejo has no owner
+	// named api, so /api/wiki/search is not one.
+	for _, target := range []string{
+		"/alice/tools/wiki/Home?q=",
+		"/alice/tools/wiki/search/x?q=",
+		"/api/wiki/search?q=",
+		"/alice/tools/wiki/search?other=",
+	} {
+		for _, value := range slices.Concat([]string{"%2Fbin%2Fsh"}, hardValues) {
+			if got := inspect(t, crs, get(target+value)); got.Score < threshold {
+				t.Errorf("%s%s let through: %+v", target, value, got)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

internal/coreruleset/gitea.conf

@@ -102,13 +102,16 @@ SecRule REQUEST_HEADERS:Referer "@rx ^https?://[^/]+/(?:explore/code|\
 # name in q, which skips these rules there:
 #   930120: .profile
 #   932120: powershell-scripts
+#   932250: ls -la
 #   932260: python3-app
 #   944130: org.apache.commons.logging
 SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/(?:explore/repos|user/search_candidates|\
-    [^/]+/-/packages|[^/]+/[^/]+/(?:branches|tags)|api/v1/repos/search)$" \
+    [^/]+/-/packages|[^/]+/[^/]+/(?:branches|tags)|api/v1/repos/search|\
+    api/v1/packages/[^/]+)$" \
     "id:900602,phase:1,pass,nolog,\
     ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930120;ARGS:q,\
     ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932120;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932250;ARGS:q,\
     ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932260;ARGS:q,\
     ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=944130;ARGS:q"
 
@@ -116,19 +119,31 @@ SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/(?:explore/repos|user/search_candidates|\
 # rules there:
 #   930120: .profile
 #   932120: powershell-scripts
+#   932250: ls -la
 #   932260: python3-app
 # The searches:
 #   - the dashboard's filter of repositories;
-#   - the repositories on a user's or an organisation's page, whose path has
-#     one segment;
 #   - the author filter of the issue and pull request lists;
 #   - the lists of users and organisations, and the API's search for users.
-SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/(?:[^/]+|repo/search|\
+SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/(?:repo/search|\
     explore/(?:users|organizations)|api/v1/users/search|\
     [^/]+/[^/]+/(?:issues|pulls)/posters)$" \
     "id:900603,phase:1,pass,nolog,\
     ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930120;ARGS:q,\
     ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932120;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932250;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932260;ARGS:q"
+
+# The repositories on a user's or an organisation's page are searched with q
+# too. Their path has one segment, as other apps' pages such as /index.php do,
+# so q keeps 932250 there and skips only these rules:
+#   930120: .profile
+#   932120: powershell-scripts
+#   932260: python3-app
+SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/[^/]+$" \
+    "id:900604,phase:1,pass,nolog,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930120;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932120;ARGS:q,\
     ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932260;ARGS:q"
 
 # These requests name a file in the path, which skips these rules there:

internal/coreruleset/mastodon.conf

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@
 # exclusion runs with the request, before the rules it switches off, so this
 # file is loaded before the Core Rule Set's rules. Each comment names a request
 # a rule refused. An exclusion on a field of a body applies only when the query
-# has no parameter of that name, so it matters only while SWW_WAF_BODY_LIMIT is
-# set.
+# has no parameter of that name, so it matters only while
+# SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_BODY_LIMIT is set.
 #
 # Gitea serves /api/v1/ too, and Drupal serves /admin/. So only Mastodon's own
 # resources under them count as Mastodon's paths.

internal/coreruleset/mastodon_test.go

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import (
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/coreruleset"
 )
 
-// mastodonThreshold is SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default.
+// mastodonThreshold is SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default.
 const mastodonThreshold = 5
 
 // mastodonStatuses is where Mastodon's apps and web app post.

internal/coreruleset/mediawiki.conf

@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@
 # request, before the rules it switches off, so this file is loaded before the
 # Core Rule Set's rules. Each comment names a request a rule refused. An
 # exclusion on a field of a body applies only when the query has no parameter of
-# that name, so it matters only while SWW_WAF_BODY_LIMIT is set. MediaWiki's
-# paths are matched at the site root and under /w/.
+# that name, so it matters only while SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_BODY_LIMIT is set.
+# MediaWiki's paths are matched at the site root and under /w/.
 #
 # WordPress serves /index.php too. So /index.php counts as MediaWiki's only
 # with a page title, in the query or after the path:
@@ -194,18 +194,26 @@ SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/(?:w/)?api\.php$" \
         ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=944150;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password|retype)$/"
 
 # Other apps use the names password and retype too, and these exclusions apply
-# in front of every app. So these two fields skip the same rules only on the
-# pages that take them:
-#   password, retype: changing the password at Special:ChangeCredentials
-#   retype: signing up at Special:CreateAccount
-#   retype: setting the new password after a reset at Special:UserLogin
-# The path names the page, or the path is /index.php and title names it. A title
-# on any other path does not count, so another app's paths under /index.php/
-# keep every rule.
-SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/(?:w/)?index\.php$|^/(?:(?:w/)?index\.php|wiki)/Special:ChangeCredentials(?:/|$)" \
-    "id:900919,phase:1,pass,nolog,chain"
-    SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME|ARGS_GET:title "@rx ^(?:/(?:(?:w/)?index\.php|wiki)/)?Special:ChangeCredentials(?:/|$)" "chain"
-    SecRule &ARGS_GET:/^(?:password|retype)$/ "@eq 0" \
+# in front of every app. So these two fields skip the same rules only in the
+# forms that send them. Each of these forms sends the field authAction, whose
+# value is the same in every language:
+#   password, retype: authAction=change, changing the password at
+#   Special:ChangeCredentials
+#   retype: authAction=create, signing up at Special:CreateAccount
+#   retype: authAction=login-continue, setting a new password at
+#   Special:UserLogin after a reset or once the old one expired
+# A wiki in another language posts these forms to its own names for the pages,
+# such as Spezial:Benutzerkonto_anlegen on a German wiki. So the page's name
+# does not count, but its title must have a namespace, such as Special: or
+# Spezial:. The title follows /index.php/ or /wiki/ in the path, or is the title
+# of /index.php. A title on any other path does not count, so another app's
+# paths under /index.php/ keep every rule. These rules are in phase 2, because
+# the forms send authAction in the body.
+SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/(?:w/)?index\.php$|^/(?:(?:w/)?index\.php|wiki)/[^/:]+:" \
+    "id:900919,phase:2,pass,nolog,chain"
+    SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME|ARGS_GET:title "@rx ^(?:/(?:(?:w/)?index\.php|wiki)/)?[^/:]+:" "chain"
+    SecRule &ARGS_GET:/^(?:password|retype)$/ "@eq 0" "chain"
+    SecRule ARGS:authAction "@streq change" \
         "ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=920270;ARGS:/^(?:password|retype)$/,\
         ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=920540;ARGS:/^(?:password|retype)$/,\
         ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=921200;ARGS:/^(?:password|retype)$/,\
@@ -242,10 +250,11 @@ SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/(?:w/)?index\.php$|^/(?:(?:w/)?index\.php|wiki)/
         ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942550;ARGS:/^(?:password|retype)$/,\
         ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=944150;ARGS:/^(?:password|retype)$/"
 
-SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/(?:w/)?index\.php$|^/(?:(?:w/)?index\.php|wiki)/Special:(?:CreateAccount|UserLogin)(?:/|$)" \
-    "id:900920,phase:1,pass,nolog,chain"
-    SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME|ARGS_GET:title "@rx ^(?:/(?:(?:w/)?index\.php|wiki)/)?Special:(?:CreateAccount|UserLogin)(?:/|$)" "chain"
-    SecRule &ARGS_GET:retype "@eq 0" \
+SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/(?:w/)?index\.php$|^/(?:(?:w/)?index\.php|wiki)/[^/:]+:" \
+    "id:900920,phase:2,pass,nolog,chain"
+    SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME|ARGS_GET:title "@rx ^(?:/(?:(?:w/)?index\.php|wiki)/)?[^/:]+:" "chain"
+    SecRule &ARGS_GET:retype "@eq 0" "chain"
+    SecRule ARGS:authAction "@rx ^(?:create|login-continue)$" \
         "ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=920270;ARGS:retype,\
         ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=920540;ARGS:retype,\
         ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=921200;ARGS:retype,\

internal/coreruleset/mediawiki_test.go

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 )
 
-// mediawikiThreshold is SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default.
+// mediawikiThreshold is SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default.
 const mediawikiThreshold = 5
 
 // mediawikiEdit is the address MediaWiki's edit form posts to.
@@ -248,26 +248,52 @@ func TestMediaWikiSignUpAndPasswordChangeFieldsPass(t *testing.T) {
 	// The form that changes a password posts to this subpage.
 	const subpage = "/MediaWiki%5CAuth%5CPasswordAuthenticationRequest"
 
+	// The forms send authAction in the body, and MediaWiki reads it from the
+	// query too. These requests send it in the query, so that the body holds
+	// only the passwords. The recorded requests send it in the body.
+	const (
+		create        = "authAction=create"
+		loginContinue = "authAction=login-continue"
+		changeAction  = "authAction=change"
+	)
+
 	change := []string{passwordKey, retypeKey}
 	retype := []string{retypeKey}
 
 	wantPasswordFieldsPass(t, []passwordFields{
-		{mediawikiSignUp, formData, retype},
-		{"/index.php/Special:CreateAccount", formData, retype},
-		{"/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Main_Page", formData, retype},
-		{"/wiki/Special:UserLogin", formData, retype},
-		{mediawikiSignIn, formData, retype},
-		{mediawikiAccountChange, formData, change},
-		{mediawikiAccountChange + subpage, formData, change},
-		{"/index.php/Special:ChangeCredentials", formData, change},
-		{"/index.php?title=Special:ChangeCredentials" + subpage, formData, change},
-		{"/w/index.php?title=Special:ChangeCredentials", formData, change},
+		{mediawikiSignUp + "?" + create, formData, retype},
+		{"/index.php/Special:CreateAccount?" + create, formData, retype},
+		{
+			"/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Main_Page&" + create,
+			formData, retype,
+		},
+		{"/wiki/Special:UserLogin?" + loginContinue, formData, retype},
+		{mediawikiSignIn + "&" + loginContinue, formData, retype},
+		{mediawikiAccountChange + "?" + changeAction, formData, change},
+		{mediawikiAccountChange + subpage + "?" + changeAction, formData, change},
+		{"/index.php/Special:ChangeCredentials?" + changeAction, formData, change},
+		{
+			"/index.php?title=Special:ChangeCredentials" + subpage + "&" + changeAction,
+			formData, change,
+		},
+		{"/w/index.php?title=Special:ChangeCredentials&" + changeAction, formData, change},
+		// A German wiki's names for the same pages.
+		{"/index.php/Spezial:Benutzerkonto_anlegen?" + create, formData, retype},
+		{
+			"/index.php?title=Spezial:Anmelden&returnto=Hauptseite&" + loginContinue,
+			formData, retype,
+		},
+		{
+			"/wiki/Spezial:Anmeldeinformationen_%C3%A4ndern" + subpage + "?" + changeAction,
+			formData, change,
+		},
 		{mediawikiAPI, formData, retype},
 	})
 }
 
 // Other apps use the names password and retype too. So these fields keep every
-// rule on any page that does not take them, whatever title the query names.
+// rule unless the page is MediaWiki's, its title has a namespace, and
+// authAction names a form that sends the field.
 func TestMediaWikiPasswordFieldsStayCheckedOffTheirPages(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
@@ -277,15 +303,17 @@ func TestMediaWikiPasswordFieldsStayCheckedOffTheirPages(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, sent := range []struct{ target, name string }{
 		{appPath, passwordKey},
-		{appPath, retypeKey},
-		{appPath + "?title=Special:ChangeCredentials", passwordKey},
-		{appPath + "?title=Special:CreateAccount", retypeKey},
-		{"/index.php?title=Main_Page", passwordKey},
-		{"/index.php/Main_Page", retypeKey},
-		{"/wiki/Main_Page", passwordKey},
-		{"/wiki/Special:ChangeCredentialsExample", passwordKey},
-		{mediawikiSignUp, passwordKey},
-		{"/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount", passwordKey},
+		{appPath + "?authAction=create", retypeKey},
+		{appPath + "?title=Special:ChangeCredentials&authAction=change", passwordKey},
+		{appPath + "?title=Special:CreateAccount&authAction=create", retypeKey},
+		{"/index.php?title=Main_Page&authAction=change", passwordKey},
+		{"/index.php/Main_Page?authAction=create", retypeKey},
+		{"/wiki/Main_Page?authAction=change", passwordKey},
+		{mediawikiAccountChange, passwordKey},
+		{mediawikiAccountChange + "?authAction=login", passwordKey},
+		{mediawikiSignUp + "?authAction=create", passwordKey},
+		{"/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&authAction=create", passwordKey},
+		{"/index.php/Spezial:Anmelden?authAction=login", retypeKey},
 	} {
 		r := request{http.MethodPost, sent.target, []string{formData}}
 

internal/coreruleset/nextcloud.conf

@@ -5,8 +5,9 @@
 # switches off, so this file is loaded before the Core Rule Set's rules. Each
 # comment names a request a rule refused. An exclusion on a field of a JSON body
 # applies only when the query has no parameter of that name, so it matters only
-# while SWW_WAF_BODY_LIMIT is set. Nextcloud's pages are matched at the site
-# root and under /index.php/, where a Nextcloud without pretty URLs serves them.
+# while SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_BODY_LIMIT is set. Nextcloud's pages are matched
+# at the site root and under /index.php/, where a Nextcloud without pretty URLs
+# serves them.
 #
 # Four rules read a search or a name as a command or a system file:
 #   930120: .htaccess

internal/coreruleset/nextcloud_test.go

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import (
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/coreruleset"
 )
 
-// nextcloudThreshold is SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default.
+// nextcloudThreshold is SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default.
 const nextcloudThreshold = 5
 
 // nextcloudSignIn is the sign-in page.
@@ -380,7 +380,7 @@ func TestNextcloudPasswordFieldsPass(t *testing.T) {
 func TestNextcloudUserPasswordInValuePasses(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	const threshold = 5 // SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default
+	const threshold = 5 // SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default
 
 	crs := readingBodies(t)
 	target := nextcloudUsers + "/alice"

internal/coreruleset/recorded_test.go

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ func giteaRequests(t *testing.T) []request {
 func TestOrdinaryGiteaRequestsPass(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	const threshold = 5 // SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default
+	const threshold = 5 // SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default
 
 	crs := atDefaults(t)
 
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ func recordedRequests(t *testing.T, name string) []recordedRequest {
 func wantRecordedRequestsPass(t *testing.T, name string) {
 	t.Helper()
 
-	const threshold = 5 // SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default
+	const threshold = 5 // SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default
 
 	defaults, bodies := atDefaults(t), readingBodies(t)
 
@@ -149,6 +149,25 @@ func TestOrdinaryDrupalRequestsPass(t *testing.T) {
 	wantRecordedRequestsPass(t, "drupal-requests.txt")
 }
 
+// TestOrdinaryForgejoRequestsPass checks Forgejo's recorded requests at the
+// defaults only. While bodies are read, the Core Rule Set still refuses the
+// file and branch names some of them carry in a form or JSON body, as it does
+// gitea's (TestGiteaBodiesTheCoreRuleSetRefuses).
+func TestOrdinaryForgejoRequestsPass(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	const threshold = 5 // SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default
+
+	crs := atDefaults(t)
+
+	for _, recorded := range recordedRequests(t, "forgejo-requests.txt") {
+		r := request{recorded.Method, recorded.Target, recorded.Headers}
+		if got, _ := inspectBody(t, crs, r, recorded.Body); got.Score >= threshold {
+			t.Errorf("%s %s refused: %+v", r.method, r.target, got)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 func TestOrdinaryMastodonRequestsPass(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 

internal/coreruleset/testdata/forgejo-requests.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,470 @@
+# Ordinary Forgejo 17.0.1 requests that the Core Rule Set must let through at
+# the defaults. They were recorded from a Forgejo driven by a headless Chrome,
+# signed out, signed in and on the admin pages, by git over HTTP, by curl on
+# the API and the generic package registry, and by crane on the container
+# registry. Each line is one request as JSON. Names, addresses and passwords
+# are invented. The browser's User-Agent is an ordinary Chrome's. A body or a
+# multipart part that is not text is written as base64.
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/assets/js/webcomponents.js?v=17.0.1~gitea-1.22.0", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: */*", "Referer: http://example.com/", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/assets/css/index.css?v=17.0.1~gitea-1.22.0", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/css,*/*;q=0.1", "Referer: http://example.com/", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/assets/css/theme-forgejo-auto.css?v=17.0.1~gitea-1.22.0", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/css,*/*;q=0.1", "Referer: http://example.com/", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/assets/js/index.js?v=17.0.1~gitea-1.22.0", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: */*", "Referer: http://example.com/", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/assets/img/logo.svg", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,image/svg+xml,image/*,*/*;q=0.8", "Referer: http://example.com/", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/explore/repos", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/explore/users", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/avatars/c160f8cc69a4f0bf2b0362752353d060?size=128", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,image/svg+xml,image/*,*/*;q=0.8", "Referer: http://example.com/explore/users", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/explore/organizations", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/user/login", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/user/forgot_password", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/user/sign_up", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "POST", "target": "/user/sign_up", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Content-Length: 91", "Cache-Control: max-age=0", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Origin: http://example.com", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Referer: http://example.com/user/sign_up", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate"], "body": "user_name=bob&email=bob%40example.com&password=Wd7-kPq3-Zx8n-Rf2m&retype=Wd7-kPq3-Zx8n-Rf2m"}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Cache-Control: max-age=0", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Referer: http://example.com/user/sign_up", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=46035a1a58fc293d; lang=en-US; flash=success%3DAccount%2Bwas%2Bsuccessfully%2Bcreated.%2BWelcome%2521"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/assets/js/eventsource.sharedworker.js?v=17.0.1~gitea-1.22.0", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Accept: */*", "Referer: http://example.com/", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=46035a1a58fc293d; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/assets/css/dashboard-repo-list.98057021.css", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/css,*/*;q=0.1", "Referer: http://example.com/", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=46035a1a58fc293d; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}
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+{"method": "GET", "target": "/assets/img/logo.svg", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,image/svg+xml,image/*,*/*;q=0.8", "Referer: http://example.com/user/login", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate"], "body": ""}
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+{"method": "GET", "target": "/assets/css/repo-branch-tag-selector.d9ca1da2.css", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/css,*/*;q=0.1", "Referer: http://example.com/alice/tools", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=97fc659c225db684; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}
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+{"method": "POST", "target": "/alice/tools.git/git-upload-pack", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "User-Agent: git/2.49.1", "Accept-Encoding: deflate, gzip, br, zstd", "Content-Type: application/x-git-upload-pack-request", "Accept: application/x-git-upload-pack-result", "Git-Protocol: version=2", "Content-Length: 181"], "body": "0014command=ls-refs\n001aagent=git/2.49.1-Linux0016object-format=sha100010009peel\n000csymrefs\n000bunborn\n001bref-prefix refs/heads/\n001aref-prefix refs/tags/\n0014ref-prefix HEAD\n0000"}
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truncated
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/alice/tools/settings", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Cache-Control: max-age=0", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Referer: http://example.com/alice/tools/settings", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=d65379616ffd0971; lang=en-US; flash=success%3DThe%2Brepository%2Bavatar%2Bhas%2Bbeen%2Bupdated."], "body": ""}
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+{"method": "GET", "target": "/user/search_candidates?q=bob", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01", "X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest", "Referer: http://example.com/alice/tools/settings/collaboration", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=d65379616ffd0971; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/avatars/4b9bb80620f03eb3719e0a061c14283d", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,image/svg+xml,image/*,*/*;q=0.8", "Referer: http://example.com/alice/tools/settings/collaboration", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=d65379616ffd0971; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}
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+{"method": "GET", "target": "/user/settings/applications", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=d65379616ffd0971; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/admin", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=d65379616ffd0971; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}
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+{"method": "GET", "target": "/admin/emails", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=d65379616ffd0971; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/admin/emails?q=example.com", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=d65379616ffd0971; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/admin/orgs", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=d65379616ffd0971; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/admin/repos", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=d65379616ffd0971; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/admin/repos?q=python3", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=d65379616ffd0971; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/admin/packages", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=d65379616ffd0971; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/admin/auths", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=d65379616ffd0971; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/admin/config", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=d65379616ffd0971; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/admin/config/settings", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=d65379616ffd0971; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}
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+{"method": "POST", "target": "/alice/tools/wiki/?action=_new", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Content-Length: 180", "Cache-Control: max-age=0", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Origin: http://example.com", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Referer: http://example.com/alice/tools/wiki/?action=_new", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=80d11f0a28139f08; lang=en-US"], "body": "title=Python3+setup&content=Install+python3%2C+or+powershell+on+Windows.+Run+ls+-la+to+check+that+.htaccess+and+docker-compose.yml+are+there%2C+then+run+install-script.sh.&message="}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/alice/tools/wiki/Python3-setup", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Cache-Control: max-age=0", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Referer: http://example.com/alice/tools/wiki/?action=_new", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=80d11f0a28139f08; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/alice/tools/wiki/Python3-setup.md", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Referer: http://example.com/alice/tools/wiki/search?q=python3", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=80d11f0a28139f08; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/alice/tools/wiki/Python3-setup.md", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Referer: http://example.com/alice/tools/wiki/search?q=powershell", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=80d11f0a28139f08; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/alice/tools/wiki/Python3-setup.md", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Referer: http://example.com/alice/tools/wiki/search?q=ls%20-la", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=80d11f0a28139f08; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/alice/tools/wiki/Python3-setup.md", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Referer: http://example.com/alice/tools/wiki/search?q=.htaccess", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=80d11f0a28139f08; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/alice/tools/wiki/Python3-setup.md", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Referer: http://example.com/alice/tools/wiki/search?q=docker-compose.yml", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=80d11f0a28139f08; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/alice/tools/wiki/Python3-setup.md", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Referer: http://example.com/alice/tools/wiki/search?q=install-script.sh", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=80d11f0a28139f08; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/alice/powershell-scripts", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Referer: http://example.com/explore/repos?q=powershell", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=f3aadd45d83b7135; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/assets/css/repo-branch-tag-selector.d9ca1da2.css", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/css,*/*;q=0.1", "Referer: http://example.com/alice/powershell-scripts", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=f3aadd45d83b7135; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/assets/js/repo-branch-tag-selector.f396185d.js", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: */*", "Referer: http://example.com/alice/powershell-scripts", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=f3aadd45d83b7135; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/repo-avatars/f9e66d43eb4888aac5d9d93745661631a09b4c73969226a3e89b2911ece215ba", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,image/svg+xml,image/*,*/*;q=0.8", "Referer: http://example.com/alice/tools/branches?q=python3", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=f3aadd45d83b7135; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/assets/js/context-popup.21e2b8da.js", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: */*", "Referer: http://example.com/alice/tools/branches?q=python3", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=f3aadd45d83b7135; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/alice/tools/src/branch/python3-migration", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Referer: http://example.com/alice/tools/branches?q=python3", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=f3aadd45d83b7135; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/repo-avatars/f9e66d43eb4888aac5d9d93745661631a09b4c73969226a3e89b2911ece215ba", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,image/svg+xml,image/*,*/*;q=0.8", "Referer: http://example.com/alice", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=00a162ad65e95a87; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/avatars/53bce4f1dfa0fe8e7ca126f91b35d3a6?size=64", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,image/svg+xml,image/*,*/*;q=0.8", "Referer: http://example.com/alice", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=00a162ad65e95a87; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/acme?q=python3&sort=recentupdate", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Connection: keep-alive", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.8078.4 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Referer: http://example.com/acme", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: session=00a162ad65e95a87; lang=en-US"], "body": ""}

internal/coreruleset/testdata/mediawiki-requests.txt

@@ -600,3 +600,72 @@
 {"method": "POST", "target": "/index.php/Special:EditWatchlist/raw", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Content-Length: 161", "Cache-Control: max-age=0", "Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.9", "Origin: http://example.com", "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/137.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Referer: http://example.com/index.php?title=Special:EditWatchlist/raw", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: my_wiki_session=ed9592ia2u8ub3tdanl6632jbgboksr9; my_wikiUserID=2; my_wikiUserName=Admin; cpPosIndex=2%401794271545%23fad50a8505bea134cc843d03608984cc; UseDC=master"], "body": "title=Special%3AEditWatchlist%2Fraw&wpTitles=Lighthouse+notes%0D%0APython3+notes%0D%0APowershell+notes&wpEditToken=b2872c8548fbba5f193e80b549d5da2f6af26939%2B%5C"}
 {"method": "POST", "target": "/index.php/Special:EditWatchlist/raw", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Content-Length: 179", "Cache-Control: max-age=0", "Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.9", "Origin: http://example.com", "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/137.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Referer: http://example.com/index.php?title=Special:EditWatchlist/raw", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: my_wiki_session=ed9592ia2u8ub3tdanl6632jbgboksr9; my_wikiUserID=2; my_wikiUserName=Admin; UseDC=master; cpPosIndex=3%401794271545%23fad50a8505bea134cc843d03608984cc"], "body": "title=Special%3AEditWatchlist%2Fraw&wpTitles=Lighthouse+notes%0D%0APowershell+notes%0D%0APython3+notes%0D%0ALs+-la+notes&wpEditToken=b2872c8548fbba5f193e80b549d5da2f6af26939%2B%5C"}
 {"method": "POST", "target": "/index.php/Special:EditWatchlist/raw", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Content-Length: 200", "Cache-Control: max-age=0", "Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.9", "Origin: http://example.com", "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/137.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Referer: http://example.com/index.php?title=Special:EditWatchlist/raw", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: my_wiki_session=ed9592ia2u8ub3tdanl6632jbgboksr9; my_wikiUserID=2; my_wikiUserName=Admin; UseDC=master; cpPosIndex=4%401794271545%23fad50a8505bea134cc843d03608984cc"], "body": "title=Special%3AEditWatchlist%2Fraw&wpTitles=Lighthouse+notes%0D%0ALs+-la+notes%0D%0APowershell+notes%0D%0APython3+notes%0D%0A.htaccess+notes&wpEditToken=b2872c8548fbba5f193e80b549d5da2f6af26939%2B%5C"}
+# From a German wiki without short URLs, whose forms post to the German names of
+# the special pages: signing up, changing the password, and setting a new
+# password at sign-in once the old one expired. Each password is random.
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/index.php/Spezial:Benutzerkonto_anlegen", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "Accept-Language: de-DE", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/load.php?lang=de&modules=mediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles%7Cmediawiki.htmlform.codex.styles%7Cmediawiki.htmlform.styles%7Cmediawiki.special.userlogin.common.styles%7Cmediawiki.special.userlogin.signup.styles%7Coojs-ui.styles.icons-user%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "Accept-Language: de-DE", "Accept: text/css,*/*;q=0.1", "Referer: http://example.com/index.php/Spezial:Benutzerkonto_anlegen", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: my_wiki_session=vb40hsa9o6bcbda6t6rvo5t50bkjdmk3"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/load.php?lang=de&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&safemode=1&skin=vector-2022", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "Accept-Language: de-DE", "Accept: */*", "Referer: http://example.com/index.php/Spezial:Benutzerkonto_anlegen", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: my_wiki_session=vb40hsa9o6bcbda6t6rvo5t50bkjdmk3"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/resources/assets/change-your-logo-icon.svg", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "Accept-Language: de-DE", "Accept: image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,image/svg+xml,image/*,*/*;q=0.8", "Referer: http://example.com/index.php/Spezial:Benutzerkonto_anlegen", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: my_wiki_session=vb40hsa9o6bcbda6t6rvo5t50bkjdmk3"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/load.php?lang=de&modules=%40wikimedia%2Fcodex%2Ccodex-styles%2Cjquery%2Cvue%7Cjquery.client%2ClengthLimit%7Cmediawiki.String%2CTitle%2Capi%2Cbase%2Ccldr%2Ccookie%2Cexperiments%2Chtmlform%2CjqueryMsg%2Clanguage%2Cstorage%2Cuser%2Cutil%7Cmediawiki.libs.pluralruleparser%7Cmediawiki.page.ready%7Cmediawiki.page.watch.ajax%7Cmediawiki.special.createaccount%7Cskins.vector.clientPreferences%2Cjs%7Cskins.vector.icons.js&skin=vector-2022&version=l1ne8", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "Accept-Language: de-DE", "Accept: */*", "Referer: http://example.com/index.php/Spezial:Benutzerkonto_anlegen", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: my_wiki_session=vb40hsa9o6bcbda6t6rvo5t50bkjdmk3"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/load.php?modules=skins.vector.icons&image=menu&format=original&lang=de&skin=vector-2022&version=r420v", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "Accept-Language: de-DE", "Origin: http://example.com", "Accept: image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,image/svg+xml,image/*,*/*;q=0.8", "Referer: http://example.com/load.php?lang=de&modules=mediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles%7Cmediawiki.htmlform.codex.styles%7Cmediawiki.htmlform.styles%7Cmediawiki.special.userlogin.common.styles%7Cmediawiki.special.userlogin.signup.styles%7Coojs-ui.styles.icons-user%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: my_wiki_session=vb40hsa9o6bcbda6t6rvo5t50bkjdmk3"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/load.php?modules=skins.vector.icons&image=ellipsis&format=original&lang=de&skin=vector-2022&version=r420v", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "Accept-Language: de-DE", "Origin: http://example.com", "Accept: image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,image/svg+xml,image/*,*/*;q=0.8", "Referer: http://example.com/load.php?lang=de&modules=mediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles%7Cmediawiki.htmlform.codex.styles%7Cmediawiki.htmlform.styles%7Cmediawiki.special.userlogin.common.styles%7Cmediawiki.special.userlogin.signup.styles%7Coojs-ui.styles.icons-user%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: my_wiki_session=vb40hsa9o6bcbda6t6rvo5t50bkjdmk3"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/load.php?modules=skins.vector.icons&image=userTalk&format=original&lang=de&skin=vector-2022&version=r420v", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "Accept-Language: de-DE", "Origin: http://example.com", "Accept: image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,image/svg+xml,image/*,*/*;q=0.8", "Referer: http://example.com/load.php?lang=de&modules=mediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles%7Cmediawiki.htmlform.codex.styles%7Cmediawiki.htmlform.styles%7Cmediawiki.special.userlogin.common.styles%7Cmediawiki.special.userlogin.signup.styles%7Coojs-ui.styles.icons-user%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: my_wiki_session=vb40hsa9o6bcbda6t6rvo5t50bkjdmk3"], "body": ""}
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+{"method": "GET", "target": "/load.php?modules=skins.vector.icons&image=watchlist&format=original&lang=de&skin=vector-2022&version=r420v", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "Accept-Language: de-DE", "Origin: http://example.com", "Accept: image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,image/svg+xml,image/*,*/*;q=0.8", "Referer: http://example.com/load.php?lang=de&modules=skins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: my_wiki_session=6utcdt9ec701s0tluji4v5r3uus5evqv; my_wikiUserID=3; my_wikiUserName=Beispielnutzer; cpPosIndex=3%401794352707%237671c2c53093b0ca272aa2d825d0a65d; UseDC=master"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/load.php?modules=skins.vector.icons&image=userAvatar&format=original&lang=de&skin=vector-2022&version=r420v", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "Accept-Language: de-DE", "Origin: http://example.com", "Accept: image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,image/svg+xml,image/*,*/*;q=0.8", "Referer: http://example.com/load.php?lang=de&modules=skins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: my_wiki_session=6utcdt9ec701s0tluji4v5r3uus5evqv; my_wikiUserID=3; my_wikiUserName=Beispielnutzer; cpPosIndex=3%401794352707%237671c2c53093b0ca272aa2d825d0a65d; UseDC=master"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/load.php?modules=skins.vector.icons&image=settings&format=original&lang=de&skin=vector-2022&version=r420v", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "Accept-Language: de-DE", "Origin: http://example.com", "Accept: image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,image/svg+xml,image/*,*/*;q=0.8", "Referer: http://example.com/load.php?lang=de&modules=skins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: my_wiki_session=6utcdt9ec701s0tluji4v5r3uus5evqv; my_wikiUserID=3; my_wikiUserName=Beispielnutzer; cpPosIndex=3%401794352707%237671c2c53093b0ca272aa2d825d0a65d; UseDC=master"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/load.php?modules=skins.vector.icons&image=logOut&format=original&lang=de&skin=vector-2022&version=r420v", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "Accept-Language: de-DE", "Origin: http://example.com", "Accept: image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,image/svg+xml,image/*,*/*;q=0.8", "Referer: http://example.com/load.php?lang=de&modules=skins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: my_wiki_session=6utcdt9ec701s0tluji4v5r3uus5evqv; my_wikiUserID=3; my_wikiUserName=Beispielnutzer; cpPosIndex=3%401794352707%237671c2c53093b0ca272aa2d825d0a65d; UseDC=master"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/load.php?modules=skins.vector.icons&image=star&format=original&lang=de&skin=vector-2022&version=r420v", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "Accept-Language: de-DE", "Origin: http://example.com", "Accept: image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,image/svg+xml,image/*,*/*;q=0.8", "Referer: http://example.com/load.php?lang=de&modules=skins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: my_wiki_session=6utcdt9ec701s0tluji4v5r3uus5evqv; my_wikiUserID=3; my_wikiUserName=Beispielnutzer; cpPosIndex=3%401794352707%237671c2c53093b0ca272aa2d825d0a65d; UseDC=master"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg?fb64d", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "Accept-Language: de-DE", "Accept: image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,image/svg+xml,image/*,*/*;q=0.8", "Referer: http://example.com/load.php?lang=de&modules=skins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: my_wiki_session=6utcdt9ec701s0tluji4v5r3uus5evqv; my_wikiUserID=3; my_wikiUserName=Beispielnutzer; cpPosIndex=3%401794352707%237671c2c53093b0ca272aa2d825d0a65d; UseDC=master"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/load.php?lang=de&modules=jquery%2Csite%7Cjquery.client%7Cmediawiki.String%2CTitle%2Capi%2Cbase%2Ccldr%2Ccookie%2Cexperiments%2CjqueryMsg%2Clanguage%2Cstorage%2Cuser%2Cutil%7Cmediawiki.libs.pluralruleparser%7Cmediawiki.page.ready%7Cmediawiki.page.watch.ajax%7Cskins.vector.clientPreferences%2Cjs%7Cskins.vector.icons.js&skin=vector-2022&version=2osrg", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "Accept-Language: de-DE", "Accept: */*", "Referer: http://example.com/index.php/Hauptseite", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: my_wiki_session=6utcdt9ec701s0tluji4v5r3uus5evqv; my_wikiUserID=3; my_wikiUserName=Beispielnutzer; cpPosIndex=3%401794352707%237671c2c53093b0ca272aa2d825d0a65d; UseDC=master"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/load.php?modules=skins.vector.icons&image=search&format=original&lang=de&skin=vector-2022&version=r420v", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "Accept-Language: de-DE", "Origin: http://example.com", "Accept: image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,image/svg+xml,image/*,*/*;q=0.8", "Referer: http://example.com/load.php?lang=de&modules=skins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: my_wiki_session=6utcdt9ec701s0tluji4v5r3uus5evqv; my_wikiUserID=3; my_wikiUserName=Beispielnutzer; cpPosIndex=3%401794352707%237671c2c53093b0ca272aa2d825d0a65d; UseDC=master"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/load.php?modules=skins.vector.icons.js&image=speechBubbles&format=original&lang=de&skin=vector-2022&version=ig50t", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "Accept-Language: de-DE", "Origin: http://example.com", "Accept: image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,image/svg+xml,image/*,*/*;q=0.8", "Referer: http://example.com/index.php/Hauptseite", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: my_wiki_session=6utcdt9ec701s0tluji4v5r3uus5evqv; my_wikiUserID=3; my_wikiUserName=Beispielnutzer; cpPosIndex=3%401794352707%237671c2c53093b0ca272aa2d825d0a65d; UseDC=master"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/load.php?modules=skins.vector.icons.js&image=article&format=original&lang=de&skin=vector-2022&version=ig50t", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "Accept-Language: de-DE", "Origin: http://example.com", "Accept: image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,image/svg+xml,image/*,*/*;q=0.8", "Referer: http://example.com/index.php/Hauptseite", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: my_wiki_session=6utcdt9ec701s0tluji4v5r3uus5evqv; my_wikiUserID=3; my_wikiUserName=Beispielnutzer; cpPosIndex=3%401794352707%237671c2c53093b0ca272aa2d825d0a65d; UseDC=master"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/load.php?modules=skins.vector.icons.js&image=history&format=original&lang=de&skin=vector-2022&version=ig50t", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "Accept-Language: de-DE", "Origin: http://example.com", "Accept: image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,image/svg+xml,image/*,*/*;q=0.8", "Referer: http://example.com/index.php/Hauptseite", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: my_wiki_session=6utcdt9ec701s0tluji4v5r3uus5evqv; my_wikiUserID=3; my_wikiUserName=Beispielnutzer; cpPosIndex=3%401794352707%237671c2c53093b0ca272aa2d825d0a65d; UseDC=master"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/load.php?modules=skins.vector.icons.js&image=wikiText&format=original&lang=de&skin=vector-2022&version=ig50t", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "Accept-Language: de-DE", "Origin: http://example.com", "Accept: image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,image/svg+xml,image/*,*/*;q=0.8", "Referer: http://example.com/index.php/Hauptseite", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: my_wiki_session=6utcdt9ec701s0tluji4v5r3uus5evqv; my_wikiUserID=3; my_wikiUserName=Beispielnutzer; cpPosIndex=3%401794352707%237671c2c53093b0ca272aa2d825d0a65d; UseDC=master"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/load.php?modules=skins.vector.icons.js&image=edit&format=original&lang=de&skin=vector-2022&version=ig50t", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "Accept-Language: de-DE", "Origin: http://example.com", "Accept: image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,image/svg+xml,image/*,*/*;q=0.8", "Referer: http://example.com/index.php/Hauptseite", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: my_wiki_session=6utcdt9ec701s0tluji4v5r3uus5evqv; my_wikiUserID=3; my_wikiUserName=Beispielnutzer; cpPosIndex=3%401794352707%237671c2c53093b0ca272aa2d825d0a65d; UseDC=master"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/load.php?modules=skins.vector.icons.js&image=editLock&format=original&lang=de&skin=vector-2022&version=ig50t", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "Accept-Language: de-DE", "Origin: http://example.com", "Accept: image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,image/svg+xml,image/*,*/*;q=0.8", "Referer: http://example.com/index.php/Hauptseite", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: my_wiki_session=6utcdt9ec701s0tluji4v5r3uus5evqv; my_wikiUserID=3; my_wikiUserName=Beispielnutzer; cpPosIndex=3%401794352707%237671c2c53093b0ca272aa2d825d0a65d; UseDC=master"], "body": ""}
+{"method": "GET", "target": "/load.php?modules=skins.vector.icons.js&image=speechBubbleAdd&variant=progressive&format=original&lang=de&skin=vector-2022&version=ig50t", "headers": ["Host: example.com", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/156.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "Accept-Language: de-DE", "Origin: http://example.com", "Accept: image/jxl,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,image/svg+xml,image/*,*/*;q=0.8", "Referer: http://example.com/index.php/Hauptseite", "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate", "Cookie: my_wiki_session=6utcdt9ec701s0tluji4v5r3uus5evqv; my_wikiUserID=3; my_wikiUserName=Beispielnutzer; cpPosIndex=3%401794352707%237671c2c53093b0ca272aa2d825d0a65d; UseDC=master"], "body": ""}

internal/coreruleset/vaultwarden.conf

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 # before the rules it switches off, so this file is loaded before the Core Rule
 # Set's rules. Each comment names a request a rule refused. An exclusion on a
 # field of a body applies only when the query has no parameter of that name, so
-# it matters only while SWW_WAF_BODY_LIMIT is set.
+# it matters only while SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_BODY_LIMIT is set.
 #
 # The apps encrypt the names, notes, addresses and file names of vault items,
 # folders, collections and sends before they send them. These values pass

internal/coreruleset/vaultwarden_test.go

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 )
 
-// vaultwardenThreshold is SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default.
+// vaultwardenThreshold is SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default.
 const vaultwardenThreshold = 5
 
 // Paths of Vaultwarden's API and admin page.

internal/coreruleset/wordpress.conf

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # the rules it switches off, so this file is loaded before the Core Rule Set's
 # rules. Each comment names a request the rule refused. An exclusion on a field
 # of a body applies only when the query has no parameter of that name, so it
-# matters only while SWW_WAF_BODY_LIMIT is set.
+# matters only while SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_BODY_LIMIT is set.
 
 # WordPress takes a call to its REST API at any of four addresses:
 #   /wp-json/wp/v2/posts/1

internal/discriminator/answertime_test.go

@@ -1,588 +0,0 @@
-package discriminator_test
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"maps"
-	"net"
-	"net/http"
-	"net/http/httptest"
-	"net/netip"
-	"slices"
-	"strconv"
-	"strings"
-	"testing"
-	"testing/synctest"
-	"time"
-
-	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/bans"
-	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/discriminator"
-	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/lookup"
-	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/ratelimit"
-	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/reputation"
-	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/requestlog"
-)
-
-const (
-	// answerTimeLimit is the default of rproxy's SWRP_TIMEOUT_MS, the time
-	// discriminator has to answer.
-	answerTimeLimit = 2 * time.Second
-	// defaultLookupWait is the default of SWW_LOOKUP_TIMEOUT.
-	defaultLookupWait = 800 * time.Millisecond
-	// The header limits SPEC.md gives.
-	cookieLimit      = 50
-	headerFieldLimit = 100
-	// cookieHeader is the header the cookie limit counts.
-	cookieHeader = "Cookie"
-	// tooLarge is how discriminator refuses a request over the header limits.
-	tooLarge = http.StatusRequestHeaderFieldsTooLarge
-	// silentAbuseIPDBURL is where AbuseIPDB never answers: at the stand-in
-	// that silentGeoJSURL names too.
-	silentAbuseIPDBURL = "silent://abuseipdb/api/v2/check"
-	// wholeLimit is the percentage of a rate limit that lowers it not at all.
-	wholeLimit = 100
-	// clientsDecision is the CrowdSec decision list holding client alone.
-	clientsDecision = `[{"duration": "4h0m0s", "scenario": "crowdsecurity/ssh-bf", ` +
-		`"scope": "Ip", "type": "ban", "value": "` + client + `"}]`
-)
-
-// cookies returns a Cookie header's value with count cookies.
-func cookies(count int) string {
-	parts := make([]string, 0, count)
-	for i := range count {
-		parts = append(parts, "c"+strconv.Itoa(i)+"=1")
-	}
-
-	return strings.Join(parts, "; ")
-}
-
-// fillHeaders adds headers to a question until the checks see total header
-// fields: all but ClientHeader and PeerHeader, which discriminator removes. Go's
-// client sends nothing else but Host, which the limit does not count, once
-// User-Agent is set.
-func fillHeaders(req *http.Request, total int) {
-	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "test")
-
-	for i := len(req.Header) - 2; i < total; i++ {
-		req.Header.Set("X-Filler-"+strconv.Itoa(i), "1")
-	}
-}
-
-func TestSixteenThousandCookiesAreRefusedWellWithinTheTimeLimit(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	s := startDiscriminator(t, "", map[string]string{wafMode: block})
-	req := s.question(siteA, client, "/")
-	req.Header.Set(cookieHeader, strings.Repeat("a;", 16000))
-
-	began := time.Now()
-	got := do(t, req)
-
-	if took := time.Since(began); took >= answerTimeLimit/2 {
-		t.Errorf("answered after %s, want well within %s", took, answerTimeLimit)
-	}
-
-	wantDisposition(t, got, tooLarge, discriminator.DispositionDeny)
-
-	line := s.out.requestLine(t)
-	wantLine(t, line, tooLarge, requestlog.ActionRequestHeaderTooLarge)
-
-	if line.DurationCoreRuleSetMS != nil {
-		t.Errorf("the Core Rule Set read the request, for %f ms", *line.DurationCoreRuleSetMS)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestHeaderLimitRefusalNamesItsHeuristicCountsAndLimits(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	s := startDiscriminator(t, "", nil)
-	req := s.question(siteA, client, "/")
-	fillHeaders(req, headerFieldLimit+1)
-	do(t, req)
-
-	wantHeuristic(t, s.out.requestLine(t), "header_limits",
-		`{"fields": 101, "fields_limit": 100, "cookies": 0, "cookies_limit": 50}`)
-}
-
-func TestEachHeaderLimitRefusesARequestOverIt(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	repeated := make([]string, headerFieldLimit)
-	for i := range repeated {
-		repeated[i] = "1"
-	}
-
-	for _, tc := range []struct {
-		name string
-		make func(*http.Request)
-		// refused is true for a request over a limit, and false for one at it.
-		refused bool
-	}{
-		{"cookies at the limit", func(req *http.Request) {
-			req.Header.Set(cookieHeader, cookies(cookieLimit))
-		}, false},
-		{"cookies over the limit", func(req *http.Request) {
-			req.Header.Set(cookieHeader, cookies(cookieLimit+1))
-		}, true},
-		{"parts empty or only spaces and tabs are no cookies", func(req *http.Request) {
-			req.Header.Set(cookieHeader, cookies(cookieLimit)+"; \t;;")
-		}, false},
-		{"parts of no-break spaces count", func(req *http.Request) {
-			req.Header.Set(cookieHeader, strings.Repeat(" ;", cookieLimit+1))
-		}, true},
-		{"cookies over the limit across two headers", func(req *http.Request) {
-			req.Header[cookieHeader] = []string{cookies(cookieLimit), "last=1"}
-		}, true},
-		{"cookies without a value count", func(req *http.Request) {
-			req.Header.Set(cookieHeader, strings.Repeat("a;", cookieLimit+1))
-		}, true},
-		{"header fields at the limit", func(req *http.Request) {
-			fillHeaders(req, headerFieldLimit)
-		}, false},
-		{"header fields over the limit", func(req *http.Request) {
-			fillHeaders(req, headerFieldLimit+1)
-		}, true},
-		{"a header sent many times counts each time", func(req *http.Request) {
-			req.Header["X-Filler"] = repeated
-		}, true},
-	} {
-		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			t.Parallel()
-
-			s := startDiscriminator(t, "", map[string]string{wafMode: block})
-			req := s.question(siteA, client, "/")
-			tc.make(req)
-
-			got := do(t, req)
-			line := s.out.requestLine(t)
-
-			if tc.refused {
-				wantDisposition(t, got, tooLarge, discriminator.DispositionDeny)
-				wantLine(t, line, tooLarge, requestlog.ActionRequestHeaderTooLarge)
-
-				return
-			}
-
-			wantDisposition(t, got, http.StatusOK, discriminator.DispositionAllow)
-			wantLine(t, line, http.StatusOK, requestlog.ActionForward)
-
-			if line.DurationCoreRuleSetMS == nil {
-				t.Error("the Core Rule Set did not read a request within the limits")
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func TestHeaderLimitsHoldWhateverTheCoreRuleSetSettingsSay(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	for _, env := range []map[string]string{
-		{wafMode: off},
-		{wafMode: "detect"},
-		{wafMode: block, "SWW_WAF_EXEMPT_PATHS": "/"},
-	} {
-		t.Run(fmt.Sprint(env), func(t *testing.T) {
-			t.Parallel()
-
-			s := startDiscriminator(t, "", env)
-			req := s.question(siteA, client, "/")
-			req.Header.Set(cookieHeader, cookies(cookieLimit+1))
-
-			wantDisposition(t, do(t, req), tooLarge, discriminator.DispositionDeny)
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func TestClientInTheAllowNetsSkipsTheHeaderLimits(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	s := startDiscriminator(t, "", map[string]string{wafMode: block, allowNets: client})
-	req := s.question(siteA, client, "/")
-	req.Header.Set(cookieHeader, cookies(cookieLimit+1))
-
-	wantDisposition(t, do(t, req), http.StatusOK, discriminator.DispositionAllow)
-}
-
-func TestObserveModeAllowsARequestOverTheHeaderLimitsUnread(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	s := startDiscriminator(t, "", map[string]string{mode: observe, wafMode: block})
-	req := s.question(siteA, client, "/")
-	req.Header.Set(cookieHeader, strings.Repeat("a;", 16000))
-
-	began := time.Now()
-	got := do(t, req)
-
-	if took := time.Since(began); took >= answerTimeLimit/2 {
-		t.Errorf("answered after %s, want well within %s", took, answerTimeLimit)
-	}
-
-	wantDisposition(t, got, http.StatusOK, discriminator.DispositionAllow)
-
-	line := s.out.requestLine(t)
-	if line.WouldAction != requestlog.ActionRequestHeaderTooLarge ||
-		line.DurationCoreRuleSetMS != nil {
-		t.Errorf("would_action %q and duration_core_rule_set_ms %v, want %q and none",
-			line.WouldAction, line.DurationCoreRuleSetMS, requestlog.ActionRequestHeaderTooLarge)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestRequestsOverTheHeaderLimitsCountTowardTheRateLimits(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	s := startDiscriminator(t, "", map[string]string{rateLimitPerMinute: "1"})
-	ask := func() answer {
-		req := s.question(siteA, client, "/")
-		req.Header.Set(cookieHeader, cookies(cookieLimit+1))
-
-		return do(t, req)
-	}
-
-	wantDisposition(t, ask(), tooLarge, discriminator.DispositionDeny)
-	wantDisposition(t, ask(), http.StatusForbidden, discriminator.DispositionDeny)
-
-	lines := s.out.requestLines(t, 2)
-	wantLine(t, lines[1], http.StatusForbidden, requestlog.ActionClientIsRateLimited)
-}
-
-func TestTheHeaderLimitsComeAfterTheTrapPathsAndTheRuleFiles(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	for _, tc := range []struct {
-		name, path, action string
-	}{
-		{"a trap path", "/wp-login.php", requestlog.ActionTemporarilyBanned},
-		{"a block rule", "/blocked", requestlog.ActionBlockedByBlockRule},
-	} {
-		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			t.Parallel()
-
-			s := startDiscriminator(t, "", map[string]string{
-				trapPaths: trapPathList, rulesDir: writeRules(t, testRules),
-			})
-			req := s.question(siteA, client, tc.path)
-			req.Header.Set(cookieHeader, cookies(cookieLimit+1))
-
-			wantDisposition(t, do(t, req), http.StatusForbidden, discriminator.DispositionDeny)
-			wantLine(t, s.out.requestLine(t), http.StatusForbidden, tc.action)
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func TestNotWaitingForGeoJSNeverLowersAClientsLimit(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	geojsURL, _ := startGeoJS(t)
-	s := startDiscriminator(t, geojsURL, map[string]string{
-		unknownLimitPercent: "0", lookupTimeout: "1h",
-	})
-	req := s.question(siteA, fromDE, "/")
-	req.Header.Set(cookieHeader, cookies(cookieLimit+1))
-
-	wantDisposition(t, do(t, req), tooLarge, discriminator.DispositionDeny)
-
-	line := s.out.requestLine(t)
-	wantLine(t, line, tooLarge, requestlog.ActionRequestHeaderTooLarge)
-
-	if line.RateLimitPercent != nil {
-		t.Errorf("limit percentage %d, want none", *line.RateLimitPercent)
-	}
-
-	// The client is under no ban, and GeoJS places it in a country.
-	wantDisposition(t, s.ask(fromDE, "/"), http.StatusOK, discriminator.DispositionAllow)
-}
-
-func TestAClientGeoJSPlacedInNoCountryCountsAsUnknownWithoutWaiting(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	geojsURL, _ := startGeoJS(t)
-	s := startDiscriminator(t, geojsURL, map[string]string{unknownLimitPercent: "0"})
-	s.server.GeoJS.Load([]lookup.Answer{{
-		Client: netip.MustParsePrefix(client + "/32"), ASN: "AS64512",
-		Answered: s.clock.Now(), Used: s.clock.Now(),
-	}})
-
-	req := s.question(siteA, client, "/")
-	req.Header.Set(cookieHeader, cookies(cookieLimit+1))
-
-	wantDisposition(t, do(t, req), http.StatusForbidden, discriminator.DispositionDeny)
-	wantLine(t, s.out.requestLine(t), http.StatusForbidden,
-		requestlog.ActionClientIsRateLimited)
-}
-
-func TestObserveModeWaitsForGeoJSForARequestOverTheHeaderLimits(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	geojsURL, _ := startGeoJS(t)
-	s := startDiscriminator(t, geojsURL, map[string]string{
-		mode: observe, addLookupHeaders: on, lookupTimeout: "1h",
-	})
-	req := s.question(siteA, fromDE, "/")
-	req.Header.Set(cookieHeader, cookies(cookieLimit+1))
-
-	got := do(t, req)
-	wantDisposition(t, got, http.StatusOK, discriminator.DispositionAllow)
-
-	asn, country := got.header.Get("X-Client-Asn"), got.header.Get("X-Client-Country")
-	if asn != asnDE || country != "DE" {
-		t.Errorf("answered with the AS number %q and the country %q, want %q and DE",
-			asn, country, asnDE)
-	}
-}
-
-// newDiscriminatorInBubble makes a discriminator for a synctest bubble: GeoJS never
-// answers, a setting needs its answer, and everything is at its default but
-// for env. No request to it may use the network.
-func newDiscriminatorInBubble(
-	t *testing.T, env map[string]string,
-) (*discriminator.Server, *output) {
-	t.Helper()
-
-	settings := map[string]string{tagDeny: "country=KP"}
-	maps.Copy(settings, env)
-
-	server, out, _ := newDiscriminator(t, silentGeoJSURL, time.Now, settings)
-
-	return server, out
-}
-
-// askDirectly hands a question about a request from client straight to server,
-// as change leaves it, and returns the answer's status and how long it took.
-func askDirectly(
-	t *testing.T, server *discriminator.Server, change func(*http.Request),
-) (int, time.Duration) {
-	t.Helper()
-
-	req := httptest.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodGet, "/", http.NoBody)
-	req.RemoteAddr = net.JoinHostPort(rproxyPeer, "1234")
-	req.Header.Set(discriminator.ClientHeader, client)
-	req.Header.Set(requestIDHeader, "the-id")
-	change(req)
-
-	recorder := httptest.NewRecorder()
-	began := time.Now()
-
-	server.Handler.ServeHTTP(recorder, req)
-
-	return recorder.Code, time.Since(began)
-}
-
-// banClient bans client at now.
-func banClient(_ *testing.T, server *discriminator.Server, now time.Time) {
-	server.Ledger.BanForLimit(netip.MustParsePrefix(client+"/32"), now, bans.Notes{})
-}
-
-// countClient counts one request from client at now for the rate limits.
-func countClient(_ *testing.T, server *discriminator.Server, now time.Time) {
-	server.Limiter.Count(netip.MustParsePrefix(client+"/32"), now, wholeLimit)
-}
-
-// listClient puts client on the blocklist at dropURL.
-func listClient(t *testing.T, server *discriminator.Server, now time.Time) {
-	t.Helper()
-
-	err := server.Lists.Load([]reputation.List{{
-		URL: dropURL, Tried: now, Fetched: now, Lines: []string{client},
-	}})
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("load the blocklist: %v", err)
-	}
-}
-
-// decideOnClient puts client on the CrowdSec decision list.
-func decideOnClient(t *testing.T, server *discriminator.Server, now time.Time) {
-	t.Helper()
-	loadDecisions(t, server, now, clientsDecision)
-}
-
-// leaveAsItIs prepares nothing.
-func leaveAsItIs(*testing.T, *discriminator.Server, time.Time) {}
-
-func TestARefusedRequestDoesNotWaitForASlowGeoJS(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	const forbidden = http.StatusForbidden
-
-	for _, tc := range []struct {
-		name string
-		env  map[string]string
-		// prepare gets the server ready, at now, before the question.
-		prepare func(t *testing.T, server *discriminator.Server, now time.Time)
-		// cookie is the request's Cookie header.
-		cookie string
-		status int
-		action string
-	}{
-		{
-			name: "SWW_DENY_NETS", env: map[string]string{denyNets: client},
-			prepare: leaveAsItIs, status: forbidden, action: requestlog.ActionClientDenied,
-		},
-		{
-			name:    "a ban",
-			prepare: banClient, status: forbidden, action: requestlog.ActionTemporarilyBanned,
-		},
-		{
-			name: "the rate limits", env: map[string]string{rateLimitPerMinute: "1"},
-			prepare: countClient, status: forbidden,
-			action: requestlog.ActionClientIsRateLimited,
-		},
-		{
-			name:    "the rate limits, with a biased threshold",
-			env:     map[string]string{rateLimitPerMinute: "1", unknownLimitPercent: "50"},
-			prepare: countClient, status: forbidden,
-			action: requestlog.ActionClientIsRateLimited,
-		},
-		{
-			name: "a blocklist", env: map[string]string{blocklistURLs: dropURL},
-			prepare: listClient, status: forbidden, action: requestlog.ActionClientDenied,
-		},
-		{
-			name:    "the CrowdSec decision list",
-			env:     map[string]string{crowdSecURL: lapi, crowdSecKey: bouncerKey},
-			prepare: decideOnClient, status: forbidden,
-			action: requestlog.ActionTemporarilyBanned,
-		},
-		{
-			name: "the header limits", cookie: cookies(cookieLimit + 1),
-			prepare: leaveAsItIs, status: tooLarge,
-			action: requestlog.ActionRequestHeaderTooLarge,
-		},
-	} {
-		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			t.Parallel()
-
-			// In a synctest bubble, as TestRequestWaitsAsLongAsTheLookupTimeoutSays
-			// says, so that a request that does not wait takes no time at all.
-			synctest.Test(t, func(t *testing.T) {
-				server, out := newDiscriminatorInBubble(t, tc.env)
-				tc.prepare(t, server, time.Now())
-
-				status, took := askDirectly(t, server, func(req *http.Request) {
-					req.Header.Set(cookieHeader, tc.cookie)
-				})
-
-				if status != tc.status || took != 0 {
-					t.Errorf("answered %d after %s, want %d at once; output:\n%s",
-						status, took, tc.status, out.text())
-				}
-
-				wantLine(t, out.requestLine(t), tc.status, tc.action)
-
-				// GeoJS's request is abandoned before the bubble ends.
-				time.Sleep(defaultLookupWait)
-			})
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func TestAQuestionWaitsForASlowGeoJSOnlyAsLongAsTheDefaultSays(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	for _, tc := range []struct {
-		name string
-		env  map[string]string
-		// prepare gets the server ready, at now, before the question.
-		prepare func(t *testing.T, server *discriminator.Server, now time.Time)
-		status  int
-		action  string
-	}{
-		{"nothing refuses it", nil, leaveAsItIs, http.StatusOK, requestlog.ActionForward},
-		{
-			"a country list needs the answer", map[string]string{allowedCountries: "DE"},
-			leaveAsItIs, http.StatusForbidden, requestlog.ActionCountryDenied,
-		},
-		{
-			"a blocklist that only logs",
-			map[string]string{blocklistURLs: dropURL, blocklistAction: actionLog},
-			listClient, http.StatusOK, requestlog.ActionForward,
-		},
-		{
-			"a blocklist that only limits",
-			map[string]string{blocklistURLs: dropURL, blocklistAction: limitQuarter},
-			listClient, http.StatusOK, requestlog.ActionForward,
-		},
-		{
-			"over a rate limit on an exempt path",
-			map[string]string{rateLimitPerMinute: "1", rateLimitExemptPaths: "/"},
-			countClient, http.StatusOK, requestlog.ActionForward,
-		},
-	} {
-		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			t.Parallel()
-
-			synctest.Test(t, func(t *testing.T) {
-				server, out := newDiscriminatorInBubble(t, tc.env)
-				tc.prepare(t, server, time.Now())
-
-				status, took := askDirectly(t, server, func(*http.Request) {})
-
-				if status != tc.status || took != defaultLookupWait {
-					t.Errorf("answered %d after %s, want %d after %s; output:\n%s",
-						status, took, tc.status, defaultLookupWait, out.text())
-				}
-
-				wantLine(t, out.requestLine(t), tc.status, tc.action)
-			})
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func TestDiscriminatorAnswersWithinTheTimeLimitWhileEveryOutsideSourceHangs(
-	t *testing.T,
-) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	held, askedGeoJS, _ := startHeldGeoJS(t)
-
-	// A resolver that takes every query and answers none.
-	resolver, err := (&net.ListenConfig{}).ListenPacket(t.Context(), "udp", localhost+":0")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("listen: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	t.Cleanup(func() { _ = resolver.Close() })
-
-	server, out, _ := newDiscriminatorWith(t, func(
-		params discriminator.Params,
-	) *discriminator.Server {
-		params.AbuseIPDBURL = silentAbuseIPDBURL
-
-		return discriminator.New(params)
-	}, held, time.Now, map[string]string{
-		tagDeny: "country=KP", wafMode: block,
-		dnsblZones: dnsblZone, dnsblResolver: resolver.LocalAddr().String(),
-		abuseIPDBKey:  accountKey,
-		blocklistURLs: held + "/drop.txt", asnLimitPercentURL: held + "/asn.txt",
-		crowdSecURL: held, crowdSecKey: bouncerKey,
-	})
-
-	// AbuseIPDB is asked only about a client with an offence.
-	group := netip.MustParsePrefix(client + "/32")
-	server.Limiter.AddToHistory(group, time.Now(), ratelimit.Request{Attack: true})
-
-	go server.Lists.Run(t.Context())
-
-	status, took := askDirectly(t, server, func(req *http.Request) {
-		req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "test")
-		req.Header.Set("Accept", "*/*")
-		req.Host = siteA
-	})
-
-	if status != http.StatusOK || took >= answerTimeLimit {
-		t.Errorf("answered %d after %s, want %d within %s; output:\n%s",
-			status, took, http.StatusOK, answerTimeLimit, out.text())
-	}
-
-	// Each outside source was asked, and none has answered. The stand-in for
-	// GeoJS is the lists' too, which name no address.
-	if !slices.Contains(askedGeoJS(), client) {
-		t.Errorf("GeoJS was asked about %q, not %s", askedGeoJS(), client)
-	}
-
-	if queries := server.DNSBL.Queries(dnsblZone); queries != 1 {
-		t.Errorf("%d queries to the DNS blocklist, want 1", queries)
-	}
-
-	if checked := server.AbuseIPDB.Checked(); checked != 1 {
-		t.Errorf("%d checks with AbuseIPDB, want 1", checked)
-	}
-}

internal/lookup/file.go

@@ -24,9 +24,9 @@ const quietTime = 2 * time.Second
 // FileParams are what OpenFile needs.
 type FileParams struct {
 	// Path is the lookup database, the IPinfo Lite file in its .mmdb form
-	// (SWW_LOOKUP_DB_PATH).
+	// (SWW_WAF_LOOKUP_DB_PATH).
 	Path string
-	// Now tells the time, normally time.Now.
+	// Now tells the time, normally time.Now in UTC.
 	Now func() time.Time
 	// ProcessLog receives each reading of the file, and why a replacement
 	// of it cannot be read.
@@ -231,12 +231,12 @@ func (f *File) use(reader *maxminddb.Reader) {
 func read(path string) (*maxminddb.Reader, error) {
 	data, err := os.ReadFile(path) //nolint:gosec // the file the admin names
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("SWW_LOOKUP_DB_PATH cannot be read: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("SWW_WAF_LOOKUP_DB_PATH cannot be read: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	reader, err := maxminddb.OpenBytes(data)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("SWW_LOOKUP_DB_PATH %s is not a .mmdb file: %w", path, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("SWW_WAF_LOOKUP_DB_PATH %s is not a .mmdb file: %w", path, err)
 	}
 
 	return reader, nil

internal/lookup/file_internal_test.go

@@ -99,9 +99,9 @@ func TestFileThatCannotBeReadIsAnError(t *testing.T) {
 	writeFile(t, notDatabase, "not a lookup database\n")
 
 	for path, want := range map[string]string{
-		missing: "SWW_LOOKUP_DB_PATH cannot be read: open " + missing +
+		missing: "SWW_WAF_LOOKUP_DB_PATH cannot be read: open " + missing +
 			": no such file or directory",
-		notDatabase: "SWW_LOOKUP_DB_PATH " + notDatabase +
+		notDatabase: "SWW_WAF_LOOKUP_DB_PATH " + notDatabase +
 			" is not a .mmdb file: error opening database: invalid MaxMind DB file",
 	} {
 		_, err := OpenFile(FileParams{
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ func TestReplacementThatCannotBeReadLeavesTheFileInUseWithOneAlert(t *testing.T)
 			Reason: "the lookup database cannot be read, and the one read before stays in use",
 			Detail: map[string]any{
 				"file": path,
-				"error": "SWW_LOOKUP_DB_PATH " + path + " is not a .mmdb file: " +
+				"error": "SWW_WAF_LOOKUP_DB_PATH " + path + " is not a .mmdb file: " +
 					"error opening database: invalid MaxMind DB file",
 			},
 		})

internal/lookup/lookup.go

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // Package lookup looks up each client's AS number and country, through
 // the GeoJS web service or in the lookup database, the IPinfo Lite file
-// SWW_LOOKUP_DB_PATH names. GeoJS's answers are kept in memory, for at
+// SWW_WAF_LOOKUP_DB_PATH names. GeoJS's answers are kept in memory, for at
 // most 100,000 clients and for 7 days each, and are written to
 // lookups.json and read from it by the state package.
 package lookup
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ type Params struct {
 	URL string
 	// Timeout is how long a request waits for its client's first answer,
 	// and how long a request to GeoJS may take before it is abandoned
-	// (SWW_LOOKUP_TIMEOUT).
+	// (SWW_WAF_LOOKUP_TIMEOUT).
 	Timeout time.Duration
 	// Wait is true when a setting needs each request's answer before the
 	// request goes on. Otherwise no request waits for one.
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ type Params struct {
 	// Answered, unless nil, is given each answer GeoJS gives, once it is
 	// kept.
 	Answered func(Answer)
-	// Now tells the time, normally time.Now.
+	// Now tells the time, normally time.Now in UTC.
 	Now func() time.Time
 	// ProcessLog receives GeoJS's failures.
 	ProcessLog *slog.Logger

internal/metrics/busiest.go

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ type busiest struct {
 func newCountries(topN int) *busiest {
 	countries := newBusiest(topN, "country", "the client's country")
 	countries.refused = counterVec("sww_country_list_refusals_total",
-		"Requests SWW_EXCLUSIVELY_ALLOWED_COUNTRIES refused, by the client's country.",
+		"Requests SWW_WAF_EXCLUSIVELY_ALLOWED_COUNTRIES refused, by the client's country.",
 		[]string{"country"})
 
 	return countries

internal/metrics/metrics.go

@@ -62,8 +62,8 @@ type Metrics struct {
 
 // New returns the metrics, with the Go runtime's and the process's own.
 // topN is how many countries and how many AS numbers get series of their
-// own (SWW_METRICS_TOP_N). Every metric carries instanceName
-// (SWW_INSTANCE_NAME) as its label instance.
+// own (SWW_WAF_METRICS_TOP_N). Every metric carries instanceName
+// (SWW_WAF_INSTANCE_NAME) as its label instance.
 //
 //nolint:funlen // a few lines for each metric, a list that grows with them
 func New(topN int, instanceName string) *Metrics {
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ func New(topN int, instanceName string) *Metrics {
 		offences: counterVec("sww_offences_total",
 			"Offences, by kind.", []string{"kind"}),
 		coreRuleSetMatches: counterVec("sww_core_rule_set_matches_total",
-			"Requests that matched a rule of the Core Rule Set, by SWW_WAF_MODE "+
+			"Requests that matched a rule of the Core Rule Set, by SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_MODE "+
 				"and the rule's id.", []string{"mode", "rule_id"}),
 		countries: newCountries(topN),
 		asns:      newASNs(topN),
@@ -120,17 +120,19 @@ func New(topN int, instanceName string) *Metrics {
 				"went on without it, because GeoJS had not given it in time.",
 		}),
 		stateFileWrites: counterVec("sww_state_file_writes_total",
-			"Writes of each state file.", byFile),
+			"Writes of each state or cache file.", byFile),
 		stateFileWriteFailures: counterVec("sww_state_file_write_failures_total",
-			"Writes of each state file that failed.", byFile),
+			"Writes of each state or cache file that failed.", byFile),
 		stateFileLastWrite: gaugeVec("sww_state_file_last_write_timestamp_seconds",
-			"When each state file was last written, in seconds since 1970.", byFile),
+			"When each state or cache file was last written, in seconds since 1970.",
+			byFile),
 		stateFileSize: gaugeVec("sww_state_file_size_bytes",
-			"The size of each state file, as it was last written.", byFile),
+			"The size of each state or cache file, as it was last written.", byFile),
 		stateFileEditsTakenIn: counterVec("sww_state_file_edits_taken_in_total",
-			"Edits of each state file taken in while running.", byFile),
+			"Edits of each state or cache file taken in while running.", byFile),
 		stateFileEditsSetAside: counterVec("sww_state_file_edits_set_aside_total",
-			"Edits of each state file renamed to <name>.bad because they did not parse.",
+			"Edits of each state or cache file renamed to <name>.bad because they "+
+				"did not parse.",
 			byFile),
 	}
 
@@ -214,13 +216,13 @@ func (m *Metrics) AddRules(ruleFiles *rules.Files) {
 }
 
 // AddRemoteLog adds the metrics of sending the log lines to
-// SWW_LOG_REMOTE_URL, read from remote as the metrics are asked for: the
+// SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_URL, read from remote as the metrics are asked for: the
 // lines sent, those dropped, and those waiting in the buffer.
 func (m *Metrics) AddRemoteLog(remote *remotelog.Sender) {
 	m.registry.MustRegister(
 		prometheus.NewCounterFunc(prometheus.CounterOpts{
 			Name: "sww_remote_log_lines_sent_total",
-			Help: "Log lines sent to SWW_LOG_REMOTE_URL.",
+			Help: "Log lines sent to SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_URL.",
 		}, func() float64 {
 			return float64(remote.Sent())
 		}),
@@ -313,7 +315,7 @@ func (m *Metrics) AddReputation(lists *reputation.Lists, dnsbl *reputation.DNSBL
 // AddAbuseIPDB adds the metrics of AbuseIPDB, with the source abuseipdb,
 // read from abuseIPDB as the metrics are asked for: the checks made, those
 // that failed, and how many checks the day's budget has left. It is
-// called once, after AddReputation, while SWW_ABUSEIPDB_KEY is set.
+// called once, after AddReputation, while SWW_WAF_ABUSEIPDB_KEY is set.
 func (m *Metrics) AddAbuseIPDB(abuseIPDB *reputation.AbuseIPDB) {
 	source := prometheus.Labels{sourceLabel: reputation.AbuseIPDBSource}
 
@@ -322,7 +324,7 @@ func (m *Metrics) AddAbuseIPDB(abuseIPDB *reputation.AbuseIPDB) {
 	m.registry.MustRegister(
 		prometheus.NewGaugeFunc(prometheus.GaugeOpts{
 			Name:        "sww_reputation_daily_budget_remaining",
-			Help:        "Checks of the day's SWW_ABUSEIPDB_DAILY_BUDGET not yet spent.",
+			Help:        "Checks of the day's SWW_WAF_ABUSEIPDB_DAILY_BUDGET not yet spent.",
 			ConstLabels: source,
 		}, func() float64 {
 			return float64(abuseIPDB.BudgetLeft())
@@ -363,8 +365,8 @@ func (m *Metrics) AddAlerts(queue *alerts.Queue) {
 			}),
 			prometheus.NewCounterFunc(prometheus.CounterOpts{
 				Name: "sww_alerts_suppressed_total",
-				Help: "Alerts held back: repeats within SWW_ALERT_COOLDOWN, and " +
-					"alerts past SWW_ALERT_MAX_PER_HOUR, for the hour's summary.",
+				Help: "Alerts held back: repeats within SWW_WAF_ALERT_COOLDOWN, and " +
+					"alerts past SWW_WAF_ALERT_MAX_PER_HOUR, for the hour's summary.",
 				ConstLabels: destination,
 			}, func() float64 {
 				return float64(queue.Suppressed())
@@ -442,13 +444,13 @@ func (m *Metrics) RuleMatched(id, action string) {
 }
 
 // CoreRuleSetMatched counts a request that matched the Core Rule Set's rule id,
-// with SWW_WAF_MODE at mode.
+// with SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_MODE at mode.
 func (m *Metrics) CoreRuleSetMatched(mode string, id int) {
 	m.coreRuleSetMatches.WithLabelValues(mode, strconv.Itoa(id)).Inc()
 }
 
-// StateFileWritten counts a write of the state file name, of size bytes,
-// that ended with err.
+// StateFileWritten counts a write of the state or cache file name, of size
+// bytes, that ended with err.
 func (m *Metrics) StateFileWritten(name string, size int, err error) {
 	m.stateFileWrites.WithLabelValues(name).Inc()
 
@@ -466,13 +468,13 @@ func (m *Metrics) StateFileWritten(name string, size int, err error) {
 	m.stateFileSize.WithLabelValues(name).Set(float64(size))
 }
 
-// StateFileEditTakenIn counts an admin's edit of the state file name
+// StateFileEditTakenIn counts an admin's edit of the state or cache file name
 // taken in while sww runs.
 func (m *Metrics) StateFileEditTakenIn(name string) {
 	m.stateFileEditsTakenIn.WithLabelValues(name).Inc()
 }
 
-// StateFileEditSetAside counts an admin's edit of the state file name
+// StateFileEditSetAside counts an admin's edit of the state or cache file name
 // renamed to name.bad because it did not parse.
 func (m *Metrics) StateFileEditSetAside(name string) {
 	m.stateFileEditsSetAside.WithLabelValues(name).Inc()

internal/ratelimit/ratelimit.go

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 // and bytes counted over a minute, an hour and a day, as the "Counting
 // method" section of SPEC.md describes, which tell when a request takes
 // the client over a rate limit or a byte limit, and each client's history
-// since it was first seen. At most SWW_MAX_TRACKED_CLIENTS clients are
+// since it was first seen. At most SWW_WAF_MAX_TRACKED_CLIENTS clients are
 // kept, in memory, and written to clients.json and read from it by the
 // state package.
 package ratelimit
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ type History struct {
 	ASName   string    `json:"as_name,omitempty"`
 	Country  string    `json:"country,omitempty"`
 	LookedUp time.Time `json:"looked_up,omitzero"`
-	// Requests are all the client's requests: Forwarded those discriminator allowed,
+	// Requests are all the client's requests: Forwarded those waf allowed,
 	// Refused those it refused, and neither those for a path under
 	// /_sww/.
 	Requests  int64 `json:"requests"`
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ type Offences struct {
 
 // Request is what a client's history keeps of one of its requests.
 type Request struct {
-	// Forwarded is true for a request discriminator allowed, and Refused for one it
+	// Forwarded is true for a request waf allowed, and Refused for one it
 	// refused. Both are false for a request for a path under /_sww/.
 	Forwarded bool
 	Refused   bool
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ type Request struct {
 }
 
 // New returns a Limiter for limits, with no client counted yet, whose
-// table holds at most maxClients clients (SWW_MAX_TRACKED_CLIENTS). Past
+// table holds at most maxClients clients (SWW_WAF_MAX_TRACKED_CLIENTS). Past
 // it, the least recently seen client is dropped, with its history, and
 // starts afresh if it comes back.
 func New(limits Limits, maxClients int) *Limiter {

internal/ratelimit/ratelimit_test.go

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import (
 const limit = 3
 
 // tableSize is the most clients the tests' tables hold, the default of
-// SWW_MAX_TRACKED_CLIENTS.
+// SWW_WAF_MAX_TRACKED_CLIENTS.
 const tableSize = 20000
 
 // whole is the percentage of each limit a client gets when nothing lowers

internal/remotelog/remotelog.go

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 // Package remotelog sends the lines sww writes on stdout to the
-// remote log endpoint, SWW_LOG_REMOTE_URL, as the "Request log" section
+// remote log endpoint, SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_URL, as the "Request log" section
 // of SPEC.md describes: each line as the message of an RFC 5424 syslog
 // record, over UDP, TCP or TLS. Lines wait in a bounded buffer, so a slow
 // or unreachable endpoint never holds up a request or stdout.
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import (
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/requestlog"
 )
 
-// The forms of SWW_LOG_REMOTE_URL, by its scheme.
+// The forms of SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_URL, by its scheme.
 const (
 	SchemeUDP = "syslog+udp"
 	SchemeTCP = "syslog+tcp"
@@ -56,18 +56,18 @@ const (
 
 // Params are what New needs.
 type Params struct {
-	// URL is the endpoint (SWW_LOG_REMOTE_URL): SchemeUDP, SchemeTCP or
+	// URL is the endpoint (SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_URL): SchemeUDP, SchemeTCP or
 	// SchemeTLS, a host and a port.
 	URL *url.URL
 	// RootCAs are the certificates a SchemeTLS endpoint's certificate
-	// must chain to (SWW_LOG_REMOTE_TLS_CA_FILE), nil for the host's.
+	// must chain to (SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_TLS_CA_FILE), nil for the host's.
 	RootCAs *x509.CertPool
 	// Buffer is the most lines held while they wait to be sent
-	// (SWW_LOG_REMOTE_BUFFER).
+	// (SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_BUFFER).
 	Buffer int
 	// Facility is the number of the records' syslog facility
-	// (SWW_LOG_REMOTE_FACILITY), and AppName their APP-NAME
-	// (SWW_LOG_REMOTE_APP_NAME).
+	// (SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_FACILITY), and AppName their APP-NAME
+	// (SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_APP_NAME).
 	Facility int
 	AppName  string
 }
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ func (s *Sender) send(ctx context.Context, processLog *slog.Logger) net.Conn {
 			}
 		}
 
-		processLog.Warn("sending to SWW_LOG_REMOTE_URL failed",
+		processLog.Warn("sending to SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_URL failed",
 			"error", err.Error(), "connecting_again_in", delay.String())
 
 		select {

internal/remotelog/remotelog_test.go

@@ -586,7 +586,7 @@ func wantRetries(t *testing.T, logged *output, delays ...string) {
 		var fields map[string]any
 
 		err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(line), &fields)
-		if err != nil || fields["msg"] != "sending to SWW_LOG_REMOTE_URL failed" {
+		if err != nil || fields["msg"] != "sending to SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_URL failed" {
 			t.Fatalf("logged %q", line)
 		}
 

internal/reputation/abuseipdb.go

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import (
 	"sync"
 	"time"
 
+	"cloud.google.com/go/civil"
 	"github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru/v2/simplelru"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/alerts"
 )
@@ -27,8 +28,6 @@ const (
 	AbuseIPDBSource = "abuseipdb"
 	// maxAnswerBytes is the most of an answer of AbuseIPDB that is read.
 	maxAnswerBytes = 64 << 10
-	// day is the length of the day the checks are counted in, in UTC.
-	day = 24 * time.Hour
 )
 
 var (
@@ -37,38 +36,37 @@ var (
 		"checks spent; none is made until the day ends at 00:00 UTC")
 )
 
-// Score is what AbuseIPDB said about a client, as reputation.json holds
-// it: the client, an IPv4 address or an IPv6 group, its abuse confidence
-// score, from 0 to 100, and when AbuseIPDB answered.
+// Score is what AbuseIPDB said about a client, as abuseipdb-scores.json
+// holds it: the client, an IPv4 address or an IPv6 group, its abuse
+// confidence score, from 0 to 100, and when AbuseIPDB answered.
 type Score struct {
 	Client  netip.Prefix `json:"client"`
 	Score   int64        `json:"score"`
 	Fetched time.Time    `json:"fetched"`
 }
 
-// Checks are what reputation.json keeps of the checks of clients with
-// AbuseIPDB: the day, in UTC, of the checks Spent counts, zero before the
-// first, and the scores still in use.
-type Checks struct {
-	Day    time.Time `json:"day,omitzero"`
-	Spent  int       `json:"spent"`
-	Scores []Score   `json:"scores"`
+// ChecksSpent is what abuseipdb-checks-spent.json keeps of the checks of
+// clients with AbuseIPDB: the day, in UTC, of the checks Spent counts,
+// zero before the first.
+type ChecksSpent struct {
+	Day   civil.Date
+	Spent int
 }
 
 // AbuseIPDBParams are what NewAbuseIPDB needs.
 type AbuseIPDBParams struct {
 	// URL is where clients are checked, normally AbuseIPDBURL, with Key,
-	// the account's key (SWW_ABUSEIPDB_KEY).
+	// the account's key (SWW_WAF_ABUSEIPDB_KEY).
 	URL string
 	Key string
-	// MinScore is the least score that is a hit (SWW_ABUSEIPDB_MIN_SCORE),
+	// MinScore is the least score that is a hit (SWW_WAF_ABUSEIPDB_MIN_SCORE),
 	// and DailyBudget the most checks made in a day, in UTC
-	// (SWW_ABUSEIPDB_DAILY_BUDGET).
+	// (SWW_WAF_ABUSEIPDB_DAILY_BUDGET).
 	MinScore    int64
 	DailyBudget int
 	// CacheTTL is how long a score is used after it was fetched
-	// (SWW_REPUTATION_CACHE_TTL), and Timeout how long a check may take
-	// (SWW_REPUTATION_TIMEOUT).
+	// (SWW_WAF_REPUTATION_CACHE_TTL), and Timeout how long a check may take
+	// (SWW_WAF_REPUTATION_TIMEOUT).
 	CacheTTL time.Duration
 	Timeout  time.Duration
 	// Now tells the time, normally time.Now in UTC.
@@ -93,7 +91,7 @@ type AbuseIPDB struct {
 	// checking are the clients whose check is under way.
 	checking map[netip.Prefix]bool
 	// day is the day, in UTC, of the checks spent counts.
-	day   time.Time
+	day   civil.Date
 	spent int
 	// checks and failures count the checks made and those that failed,
 	// and retryAt is when a client may be checked again after the last
@@ -143,7 +141,7 @@ func (a *AbuseIPDB) Hit(
 		return kept.Score, kept.Score >= a.params.MinScore
 	}
 
-	if today := now.Truncate(day); !a.day.Equal(today) {
+	if today := civil.DateOf(now.UTC()); a.day != today {
 		a.day, a.spent = today, 0
 	}
 
@@ -190,42 +188,42 @@ func (a *AbuseIPDB) BudgetLeft() int {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
 
-	if !a.day.Equal(a.params.Now().Truncate(day)) {
+	if a.day != civil.DateOf(a.params.Now().UTC()) {
 		return a.params.DailyBudget
 	}
 
 	return max(a.params.DailyBudget-a.spent, 0)
 }
 
-// Snapshot returns the checks spent and every score still in use, sorted
-// by client, as reputation.json keeps them.
-func (a *AbuseIPDB) Snapshot() Checks {
+// Snapshot returns every score still in use, sorted by client, as
+// abuseipdb-scores.json keeps them.
+func (a *AbuseIPDB) Snapshot() []Score {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 
 	now := a.params.Now()
-	checks := Checks{Day: a.day, Spent: a.spent, Scores: make([]Score, 0, a.scores.Len())}
+	scores := make([]Score, 0, a.scores.Len())
 
 	for _, kept := range a.scores.Values() {
 		if now.Sub(kept.Fetched) < a.params.CacheTTL {
-			checks.Scores = append(checks.Scores, kept)
+			scores = append(scores, kept)
 		}
 	}
 
 	a.mu.Unlock()
 
-	slices.SortFunc(checks.Scores, func(x, y Score) int {
+	slices.SortFunc(scores, func(x, y Score) int {
 		return x.Client.Compare(y.Client)
 	})
 
-	return checks
+	return scores
 }
 
-// Load keeps checks, read from reputation.json, in place of those it
-// keeps, but for the scores past maxVerdicts, those fetched longest ago.
-// One fetched CacheTTL ago or more is neither used nor written, as for any
-// score.
-func (a *AbuseIPDB) Load(checks Checks) {
-	scores := slices.Clone(checks.Scores)
+// Load keeps scores, read from abuseipdb-scores.json, in place of those
+// it keeps, but for the scores past maxVerdicts, those fetched longest
+// ago. One fetched CacheTTL ago or more is neither used nor written, as
+// for any score.
+func (a *AbuseIPDB) Load(scores []Score) {
+	scores = slices.Clone(scores)
 	slices.SortStableFunc(scores, func(x, y Score) int {
 		return x.Fetched.Compare(y.Fetched)
 	})
@@ -233,7 +231,6 @@ func (a *AbuseIPDB) Load(checks Checks) {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
 
-	a.day, a.spent = checks.Day, checks.Spent
 	a.scores.Purge()
 
 	for _, kept := range scores {
@@ -241,6 +238,24 @@ func (a *AbuseIPDB) Load(checks Checks) {
 	}
 }
 
+// ChecksSpent returns the checks spent, as abuseipdb-checks-spent.json
+// keeps them.
+func (a *AbuseIPDB) ChecksSpent() ChecksSpent {
+	a.mu.Lock()
+	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+
+	return ChecksSpent{Day: a.day, Spent: a.spent}
+}
+
+// LoadChecksSpent keeps checks, read from abuseipdb-checks-spent.json, in
+// place of the checks spent.
+func (a *AbuseIPDB) LoadChecksSpent(checks ChecksSpent) {
+	a.mu.Lock()
+	defer a.mu.Unlock()
+
+	a.day, a.spent = checks.Day, checks.Spent
+}
+
 // check checks client with AbuseIPDB by addr, one of its addresses, keeps
 // the score as client's, and notes the check as no longer under way. A
 // check that fails gives no score: it is counted, logged and raised as a

internal/reputation/abuseipdb_test.go

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import (
 	"testing/synctest"
 	"time"
 
+	"cloud.google.com/go/civil"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/alerts"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/metrics"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/reputation"
@@ -179,11 +180,13 @@ func TestDailyBudgetKeptAcrossARestartAndWholeAgainAsTheDayEnds(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Errorf("logged\n%s\nwant the budget used up", log.String())
 		}
 
-		// Restarted with what reputation.json keeps, it uses the scores, and
-		// checks no client until the day ends.
+		// Restarted with what abuseipdb-scores.json and
+		// abuseipdb-checks-spent.json keep, it uses the scores, and checks
+		// no client until the day ends.
 		restarted := &abuseIPDBStandIn{}
 		again := newAbuseIPDB(restarted, p)
 		again.Load(checker.Snapshot())
+		again.LoadChecksSpent(checker.ChecksSpent())
 
 		wantScore(t, again, suspect, true, 100, true)
 		wantBudgetLeft(t, again, 0)
@@ -202,6 +205,39 @@ func TestDailyBudgetKeptAcrossARestartAndWholeAgainAsTheDayEnds(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
+func TestChecksAreCountedInUTCDaysWhateverTheClocksZone(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	synctest.Test(t, func(t *testing.T) {
+		// A clock 14 hours ahead of UTC, whose day starts at 10:00 UTC.
+		ahead := time.FixedZone("UTC+14", 14*60*60)
+		p := abuseIPDBParams()
+		p.DailyBudget = 1
+		p.Now = func() time.Time { return time.Now().In(ahead) }
+		abuseIPDB := &abuseIPDBStandIn{scores: map[string]int64{suspect: 100}}
+		checker := newAbuseIPDB(abuseIPDB, p)
+
+		// At 09:00 UTC the one check is spent.
+		time.Sleep(9 * time.Hour)
+		hitFrom(t, checker, suspect, true)
+		synctest.Wait()
+		wantBudgetLeft(t, checker, 0)
+
+		// At 11:00 UTC the clock's day has changed, but the UTC day has not.
+		time.Sleep(2 * time.Hour)
+		wantBudgetLeft(t, checker, 0)
+
+		want := civil.Date{Year: 2000, Month: 1, Day: 1}
+		if day := checker.ChecksSpent().Day; day != want {
+			t.Errorf("checks spent on %s, want on %s", day, want)
+		}
+
+		// At 00:00 UTC the budget is whole again.
+		time.Sleep(13 * time.Hour)
+		wantBudgetLeft(t, checker, 1)
+	})
+}
+
 func TestFailedCheckGivesNoScoreAndNoClientIsCheckedForAMinute(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
@@ -265,7 +301,7 @@ func TestFailedCheckGivesNoScoreAndNoClientIsCheckedForAMinute(t *testing.T) {
 				wantChecked(t, abuseIPDB, suspect, other)
 				wantFailures(t, checker, 2)
 
-				if scores := checker.Snapshot().Scores; len(scores) != 0 {
+				if scores := checker.Snapshot(); len(scores) != 0 {
 					t.Errorf("scores %+v, want none", scores)
 				}
 
@@ -362,7 +398,7 @@ func TestKeyIsSentInTheKeyHeaderAndNeverShown(t *testing.T) {
 
 		for name, shown := range map[string]string{
 			"the log": log.String(), "the alerts": string(alerted),
-			"the metrics": scrapeMetrics(t, m), "reputation.json": string(kept),
+			"the metrics": scrapeMetrics(t, m), "abuseipdb-scores.json": string(kept),
 		} {
 			if strings.Contains(shown, key) {
 				t.Errorf("%s shows the key:\n%s", name, shown)
@@ -425,12 +461,12 @@ func TestScoreFetchedATTLAgoIsNeitherUsedNorKept(t *testing.T) {
 		Fetched: now.Add(-cacheTTL),
 	}
 
-	checker.Load(reputation.Checks{Scores: []reputation.Score{stale, inUse}})
+	checker.Load([]reputation.Score{stale, inUse})
 
 	wantScore(t, checker, suspect, false, 100, true)
 	wantScore(t, checker, other, false, 0, false)
 
-	got := checker.Snapshot().Scores
+	got := checker.Snapshot()
 	if !reflect.DeepEqual(got, []reputation.Score{inUse}) {
 		t.Errorf("scores %+v, want only %+v", got, inUse)
 	}
@@ -444,7 +480,7 @@ func TestAtMost100000ScoresKeptTheOneFetchedLongestAgoDroppedFirst(t *testing.T)
 	p.Now = func() time.Time { return now }
 	checker := reputation.NewAbuseIPDB(p)
 
-	// 100,001 scores, listed by client, as reputation.json lists them, each
+	// 100,001 scores, listed by client, as abuseipdb-scores.json lists them, each
 	// fetched a millisecond before the one before it: the last is one too
 	// many.
 	const count = 100001
@@ -460,9 +496,9 @@ func TestAtMost100000ScoresKeptTheOneFetchedLongestAgoDroppedFirst(t *testing.T)
 		addr = addr.Next()
 	}
 
-	checker.Load(reputation.Checks{Scores: scores})
+	checker.Load(scores)
 
-	got := checker.Snapshot().Scores
+	got := checker.Snapshot()
 	if len(got) != count-1 || !slices.Contains(got, scores[0]) ||
 		slices.Contains(got, scores[count-1]) {
 		t.Errorf("%d scores kept, want all but the one fetched longest ago", len(got))

internal/reputation/crowdsec_test.go

@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ func crowdSecFailures() []crowdSecFailure {
 // other than its decision list, such as the one a redirect names, and that
 // the key is in none of what the fetches leave behind: log, the process
 // log, the alerts waiting in queue, and the copies of lists, which
-// reputation.json keeps.
+// lists.json keeps.
 func wantKeyNotShown(
 	t *testing.T, e *engine, log string, lists *reputation.Lists, queue *alerts.Queue,
 ) {
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ func TestCrowdSecDecisionListKeptAcrossARestartEndsWhenItsDecisionsDo(t *testing
 		lists := start(t, e, crowdSecParams())
 		kept := lists.Snapshot()
 
-		// Restarted half an hour later with what reputation.json keeps, and
+		// Restarted half an hour later with what lists.json keeps, and
 		// the engine down, the decision still bans, until the end it had at
 		// the fetch, half an hour on.
 		time.Sleep(30 * time.Minute)

internal/reputation/dnsbl.go

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ var (
 	errNotListing = errors.New("the answer is outside 127.0.0.0/8")
 )
 
-// Verdict is what a zone said about a client, as reputation.json holds
+// Verdict is what a zone said about a client, as dnsbl.json holds
 // it: the zone, the client's address, whether the zone lists it, and when
 // the zone answered.
 type Verdict struct {
@@ -53,15 +53,15 @@ type Verdict struct {
 // DNSBLParams are what NewDNSBL needs.
 type DNSBLParams struct {
 	// Zones are the DNSBL zones clients are asked about in
-	// (SWW_DNSBL_ZONES).
+	// (SWW_WAF_DNSBL_ZONES).
 	Zones []string
 	// Resolver is the resolver they are asked through
-	// (SWW_DNSBL_RESOLVER), or, while it is the zero AddrPort, the
+	// (SWW_WAF_DNSBL_RESOLVER), or, while it is the zero AddrPort, the
 	// host's, as /etc/resolv.conf names it.
 	Resolver netip.AddrPort
 	// CacheTTL is how long a verdict is used after it was fetched
-	// (SWW_REPUTATION_CACHE_TTL), and Timeout how long a query may take
-	// (SWW_REPUTATION_TIMEOUT).
+	// (SWW_WAF_REPUTATION_CACHE_TTL), and Timeout how long a query may take
+	// (SWW_WAF_REPUTATION_TIMEOUT).
 	CacheTTL time.Duration
 	Timeout  time.Duration
 	// Now tells the time, normally time.Now in UTC.
@@ -127,13 +127,13 @@ func NewDNSBL(params DNSBLParams) *DNSBL {
 	}
 }
 
-// Zones returns the zones, in the order SWW_DNSBL_ZONES names them.
+// Zones returns the zones, in the order SWW_WAF_DNSBL_ZONES names them.
 func (d *DNSBL) Zones() []string {
 	return slices.Clone(d.params.Zones)
 }
 
 // ListedBy returns the zones whose verdict on addr, a client's address,
-// lists it, in the order SWW_DNSBL_ZONES names them, each with its key
+// lists it, in the order SWW_WAF_DNSBL_ZONES names them, each with its key
 // masked, as config.MaskZoneKey masks it, since they go to the request
 // log, the alerts and the metrics. A verdict is used until CacheTTL has
 // passed since it was fetched. Each zone without one is asked about addr
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ func (d *DNSBL) Failures(zone string) int {
 }
 
 // Snapshot returns every verdict still in use, sorted by client, then by
-// zone, as reputation.json lists them.
+// zone, as dnsbl.json lists them.
 func (d *DNSBL) Snapshot() []Verdict {
 	d.mu.Lock()
 
@@ -209,8 +209,8 @@ func (d *DNSBL) Snapshot() []Verdict {
 	return verdicts
 }
 
-// Load keeps verdicts, read from reputation.json, in place of those it
-// keeps, but for those of a zone SWW_DNSBL_ZONES does not name, and,
+// Load keeps verdicts, read from dnsbl.json, in place of those it
+// keeps, but for those of a zone SWW_WAF_DNSBL_ZONES does not name, and,
 // past maxVerdicts, those fetched longest ago. One fetched CacheTTL ago or
 // more is neither used nor written, as for any verdict.
 func (d *DNSBL) Load(verdicts []Verdict) {

internal/reputation/dnsbl_test.go

@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ const (
 	// zone and otherZone are the DNSBL zones the tests name.
 	zone      = "dnsbl.example"
 	otherZone = "other.example"
-	// cacheTTL is the tests' SWW_REPUTATION_CACHE_TTL, and timeout their
-	// SWW_REPUTATION_TIMEOUT: a second, the least time /etc/resolv.conf
+	// cacheTTL is the tests' SWW_WAF_REPUTATION_CACHE_TTL, and timeout their
+	// SWW_WAF_REPUTATION_TIMEOUT: a second, the least time /etc/resolv.conf
 	// can have Go's resolver wait for one server, so that it is the
 	// DNSBL's own timeout that ends a query, whatever that file says.
 	cacheTTL = 24 * time.Hour
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ func TestVerdictsKeptAcrossARestart(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Errorf("verdicts %+v, want %+v", kept, want)
 		}
 
-		// Restarted an hour later with what reputation.json keeps, it uses
+		// Restarted an hour later with what dnsbl.json keeps, it uses
 		// the verdicts, and asks the zone nothing, until the TTL has passed
 		// since they were fetched.
 		time.Sleep(time.Hour)
@@ -419,7 +419,7 @@ func TestNeitherAVerdictOfAZoneNotNamedNorOnePastItsTTLIsKept(t *testing.T) {
 	dnsbl := reputation.NewDNSBL(p)
 
 	// The last verdict still in use, one fetched a TTL ago, and one of a
-	// zone SWW_DNSBL_ZONES does not name.
+	// zone SWW_WAF_DNSBL_ZONES does not name.
 	inUse := reputation.Verdict{
 		Zone: zone, Client: netip.MustParseAddr(listed), Listed: true,
 		Fetched: now.Add(-cacheTTL + time.Nanosecond),
@@ -446,7 +446,7 @@ func TestAtMost100000VerdictsKeptTheOneFetchedLongestAgoDroppedFirst(t *testing.
 	p.Now = func() time.Time { return now }
 	dnsbl := reputation.NewDNSBL(p)
 
-	// 100,001 verdicts, listed by client, as reputation.json lists them,
+	// 100,001 verdicts, listed by client, as dnsbl.json lists them,
 	// each fetched a millisecond before the one before it: the last is one
 	// too many.
 	const count = 100001

internal/reputation/reputation.go

@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 // Package reputation fetches the lists the settings name by URL: the
-// blocklists of SWW_BLOCKLIST_URLS, the file of AS:percent lines
-// SWW_ASN_LIMIT_PERCENT_URL names, the address lists of SWW_TAG_LISTS, and
-// the decision list of the CrowdSec engine SWW_CROWDSEC_LAPI_URL names. It
+// blocklists of SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_URLS, the file of AS:percent lines
+// SWW_WAF_ASN_LIMIT_PERCENT_URL names, the address lists of SWW_WAF_TAG_LISTS, and
+// the decision list of the CrowdSec engine SWW_WAF_CROWDSEC_LAPI_URL names. It
 // keeps the last good copy of
 // each, whole, comment lines included, which is used while a fetch fails,
 // and when each was last tried. It also asks the DNSBL zones of
-// SWW_DNSBL_ZONES about clients, and keeps their verdicts, and checks
+// SWW_WAF_DNSBL_ZONES about clients, and keeps their verdicts, and checks
 // clients with AbuseIPDB, and keeps their scores and the checks spent
-// today. The state package writes all of these to reputation.json and
-// reads them from it, so that a restart keeps them too.
+// today. The state package writes all of these to files and reads them
+// from there, so that a restart keeps them too.
 package reputation
 
 import (
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ var (
 		"does not give an address or a netblock and a duration, such as 4h0m0s")
 )
 
-// List is a list as reputation.json holds it: the URL it is fetched from,
+// List is a list as lists.json holds it: the URL it is fetched from,
 // when it was last tried, the fetch failed or not, and its last good copy:
 // when that was fetched, and its lines, as fetched, comment lines
 // included, both left out while no fetch of it has succeeded.
@@ -67,20 +67,20 @@ type List struct {
 
 // Params are what New needs.
 type Params struct {
-	// BlocklistURLs are the blocklists (SWW_BLOCKLIST_URLS), and
+	// BlocklistURLs are the blocklists (SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_URLS), and
 	// ASNLimitPercentURL the file of AS:percent lines
-	// (SWW_ASN_LIMIT_PERCENT_URL), "" while it is unset.
+	// (SWW_WAF_ASN_LIMIT_PERCENT_URL), "" while it is unset.
 	BlocklistURLs      []string
 	ASNLimitPercentURL string
-	// TagLists are the address lists that add a tag (SWW_TAG_LISTS).
+	// TagLists are the address lists that add a tag (SWW_WAF_TAG_LISTS).
 	TagLists []config.TagList
 	// CrowdSecDecisionsURL is the CrowdSec decision list, "" while
-	// SWW_CROWDSEC_LAPI_URL is unset, fetched with CrowdSecKey
-	// (SWW_CROWDSEC_LAPI_KEY).
+	// SWW_WAF_CROWDSEC_LAPI_URL is unset, fetched with CrowdSecKey
+	// (SWW_WAF_CROWDSEC_LAPI_KEY).
 	CrowdSecDecisionsURL string
 	CrowdSecKey          string
 	// Refresh is how long after a list was last fetched or tried it is
-	// fetched again (SWW_BLOCKLIST_REFRESH), but for the CrowdSec decision
+	// fetched again (SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_REFRESH), but for the CrowdSec decision
 	// list, which is fetched again crowdSecRefresh after.
 	Refresh time.Duration
 	// Now tells the time, normally time.Now in UTC.
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ type Lists struct {
 	lists map[string]*list
 }
 
-// list is one list: what reputation.json keeps of it, its last try, zero
+// list is one list: what lists.json keeps of it, its last try, zero
 // before the first, and its last good copy, what that copy says, and how
 // many fetches of it failed.
 type list struct {
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ func New(params Params) *Lists {
 }
 
 // URLs returns the URL of every list: the blocklists' in the order
-// SWW_BLOCKLIST_URLS names them, then SWW_ASN_LIMIT_PERCENT_URL, then the
+// SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_URLS names them, then SWW_WAF_ASN_LIMIT_PERCENT_URL, then the
 // tag lists', then the CrowdSec decision list's.
 func (l *Lists) URLs() []string {
 	urls := slices.Clone(l.params.BlocklistURLs)
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ func (l *Lists) URLs() []string {
 }
 
 // ListedBy returns the URLs of the blocklists whose copy lists addr, in
-// the order SWW_BLOCKLIST_URLS names them.
+// the order SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_URLS names them.
 func (l *Lists) ListedBy(addr netip.Addr) []string {
 	l.mu.Lock()
 	defer l.mu.Unlock()
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ func (l *Lists) Failures(listURL string) int {
 
 // Run fetches each list once it is due, as due tells, until ctx is done. A
 // list never tried is fetched at once, and so is one that is due by its
-// last try or copy read from reputation.json.
+// last try or copy read from lists.json.
 func (l *Lists) Run(ctx context.Context) {
 	if len(l.lists) == 0 {
 		return
@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ func (l *Lists) Run(ctx context.Context) {
 }
 
 // Snapshot returns each list that has been tried, with its copy, if it
-// has one, sorted by URL, as reputation.json lists them.
+// has one, sorted by URL, as lists.json lists them.
 func (l *Lists) Snapshot() []List {
 	l.mu.Lock()
 
@@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ func (l *Lists) Snapshot() []List {
 	return tried
 }
 
-// Load puts lists, read from reputation.json, in place of the last tries
+// Load puts lists, read from lists.json, in place of the last tries
 // and copies held. A list Params does not name is dropped. A copy with a
 // line that parse refuses is an error, and then nothing changes.
 func (l *Lists) Load(lists []List) error {

internal/reputation/reputation_test.go

@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ const (
 	dropURL = "https://lists.example/drop.txt"
 	torURL  = "https://lists.example/tor.txt"
 	asnURL  = "https://lists.example/asn.txt"
-	// refresh is the tests' SWW_BLOCKLIST_REFRESH, and cooldown their
-	// SWW_ALERT_COOLDOWN, longer than it.
+	// refresh is the tests' SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_REFRESH, and cooldown their
+	// SWW_WAF_ALERT_COOLDOWN, longer than it.
 	refresh  = 24 * time.Hour
 	cooldown = 48 * time.Hour
 	// drop is a blocklist as the Spamhaus DROP list is written, with an
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ func TestClientIsListedByEachBlocklistThatListsIt(t *testing.T) {
 		}}
 		lists := start(t, servers, params(torURL, dropURL))
 
-		// In the order SWW_BLOCKLIST_URLS names them.
+		// In the order SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_URLS names them.
 		wantListedBy(t, lists, "203.0.113.9", torURL, dropURL)
 		wantListedBy(t, lists, "203.0.113.8", dropURL)
 	})
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ func TestKeptCopyIsFetchedAgainOnceRefreshHasPassedSinceItWasFetched(t *testing.
 		lists.SetTransport(servers)
 
 		// drop.txt was fetched an hour ago, and tor.txt a refresh ago, as
-		// reputation.json says at start.
+		// lists.json says at start.
 		err := lists.Load([]reputation.List{
 			{URL: dropURL, Fetched: time.Now().Add(-time.Hour), Lines: []string{"203.0.113.9"}},
 			{URL: torURL, Fetched: time.Now().Add(-refresh), Lines: []string{"198.51.100.9"}},
@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ func TestRestartWaitsRefreshAfterTheLastTryEvenOneThatFailed(t *testing.T) {
 		time.Sleep(refresh)
 		wantFetches(t, servers, 2)
 
-		// Restarted with what reputation.json keeps, it waits a refresh
+		// Restarted with what lists.json keeps, it waits a refresh
 		// after the failed try, as it does while it runs.
 		restarted := &standIn{lists: map[string]string{dropURL: "198.51.100.2\n"}}
 		again := reputation.New(params(dropURL))
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ func TestFetchCutOffAsItStopsIsNoFailureButARestartWaitsForIt(t *testing.T) {
 				waiting(queue))
 		}
 
-		// Restarted an hour later with what reputation.json keeps, it fetches
+		// Restarted an hour later with what lists.json keeps, it fetches
 		// tor.txt, never tried, at once, and drop.txt a refresh after its
 		// cut-off try.
 		time.Sleep(time.Hour)

internal/requestlog/requestlog.go

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 // Package requestlog writes the lines sww prints on stdout: one
-// JSON object per request, two from discriminator and a short one from rproxy,
+// JSON object per request, two from waf and a short one from rproxy,
 // marked "type":"request", and the process's own messages as JSON lines marked
 // "type":"process".
 package requestlog
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
@@ -14,9 +15,9 @@ import (
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/ratelimit"
 )
 
-// The action a request line names: what discriminator did with the request.
+// The action a request line names: what waf did with the request.
 const (
-	// ActionForward is a request discriminator allowed, which rproxy passes to
+	// ActionForward is a request waf allowed, which rproxy passes to
 	// the app.
 	ActionForward = "forward"
 
@@ -43,19 +44,19 @@ const (
 	ActionBlockedByBlockRule = "blocked_by_block_rule"
 
 	// ActionBlockedByCoreRuleSet is a request refused because the Core Rule
-	// Set scored it at or over SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD.
+	// Set scored it at or over SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD.
 	ActionBlockedByCoreRuleSet = "blocked_by_core_rule_set"
 
 	// ActionClientDenied is a request refused because its client is in
-	// SWW_DENY_NETS, in a blocklist while SWW_BLOCKLIST_ACTION is deny,
+	// SWW_WAF_DENY_NETS, in a blocklist while SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_ACTION is deny,
 	// or listed by a DNSBL zone, or scored a hit by AbuseIPDB, while
-	// SWW_REPUTATION_ACTION is deny, or that carries a tag in SWW_TAG_DENY.
+	// SWW_WAF_REPUTATION_ACTION is deny, or that carries a tag in SWW_WAF_TAG_DENY.
 	ActionClientDenied = "client_denied"
 
 	// ActionCountryDenied is a request refused because its client's country
-	// is not in SWW_EXCLUSIVELY_ALLOWED_COUNTRIES.
+	// is not in SWW_WAF_EXCLUSIVELY_ALLOWED_COUNTRIES.
 	ActionCountryDenied = "country_denied"
-	// ActionOwnEndpoint is a request discriminator answered at one of its own
+	// ActionOwnEndpoint is a request waf answered at one of its own
 	// endpoints, or a question about a path under /_sww/.
 	ActionOwnEndpoint = "own_endpoint"
 )
@@ -69,14 +70,14 @@ const OffenceLimit = "limit"
 // that broke the error burst.
 const LimitHitMinuteRefusals = "minute_refusals"
 
-// The discriminator_line a request line names, which says which of
-// discriminator's two lines about a question it is.
+// The waf_line a request line names, which says which of
+// waf's two lines about a question it is.
 const (
-	// DiscriminatorLineDecision is discriminator's line at its decision.
-	DiscriminatorLineDecision = "decision"
-	// DiscriminatorLineReport is discriminator's line when rproxy's report
+	// WAFLineDecision is waf's line at its decision.
+	WAFLineDecision = "decision"
+	// WAFLineReport is waf's line when rproxy's report
 	// comes, with the decision's fields and the report's together.
-	DiscriminatorLineReport = "report"
+	WAFLineReport = "report"
 )
 
 // timeLayout is RFC 3339 with milliseconds.
@@ -89,9 +90,9 @@ const timeLayout = "2006-01-02T15:04:05.000Z07:00"
 //nolint:tagliatelle // docs/request-log.md names the fields in snake_case
 type Line struct {
 	Type string `json:"type"`
-	// DiscriminatorLine is DiscriminatorLineDecision or DiscriminatorLineReport
-	// on discriminator's two lines about a question.
-	DiscriminatorLine string `json:"discriminator_line,omitempty"`
+	// WAFLine is WAFLineDecision or WAFLineReport
+	// on waf's two lines about a question.
+	WAFLine string `json:"waf_line,omitempty"`
 
 	// The standard web log fields. Scheme is how the client reached rproxy, or
 	// the trusted proxy in front of it.
@@ -111,7 +112,7 @@ type Line struct {
 	UserAgent     string `json:"user_agent"`
 
 	// Request detail. RequestID is the id rproxy made for the request, or for a
-	// request to discriminator's own endpoints a new one. ForwardedFor is the
+	// request to waf's own endpoints a new one. ForwardedFor is the
 	// X-Forwarded-For header as received. ClientGroup is the netblock the
 	// client is counted as. ASN, ASName and Country are the client's AS
 	// number, AS name and country, as looked up.
@@ -125,13 +126,13 @@ type Line struct {
 	ContentType  string `json:"content_type,omitempty"`
 	// ContentLength is the length of its body the request announced.
 	ContentLength int64 `json:"content_length,omitempty"`
-	// RequestHeaders are the headers SWW_LOG_REQUEST_HEADERS names that
+	// RequestHeaders are the headers SWW_WAF_LOG_REQUEST_HEADERS names that
 	// the request carried, by name in lower case.
 	RequestHeaders   map[string]string `json:"request_headers,omitempty"`
 	HasAuthorization bool              `json:"has_authorization,omitempty"`
 	HasCookie        bool              `json:"has_cookie,omitempty"`
 
-	// Response detail, of discriminator's own answer. Aborted is true when
+	// Response detail, of waf's own answer. Aborted is true when
 	// rproxy, or the admin's tool, went away before the answer.
 	ResponseContentType string `json:"response_content_type,omitempty"`
 	Aborted             bool   `json:"aborted,omitempty"`
@@ -142,7 +143,7 @@ type Line struct {
 	// taken with a request it would have refused: ActionClientDenied,
 	// ActionTemporarilyBanned, ActionPermanentlyBanned, ActionCountryDenied,
 	// ActionClientIsRateLimited, ActionBlockedByBlockRule,
-	// ActionBlockedByCoreRuleSet, or, in discriminator,
+	// ActionBlockedByCoreRuleSet, or, in waf,
 	// ActionRequestHeaderTooLarge for the header limits.
 	WouldAction string `json:"would_action,omitempty"`
 	// Heuristic is the name of the heuristic that refused the request, in
@@ -151,7 +152,7 @@ type Line struct {
 	Heuristic        string         `json:"heuristic,omitempty"`
 	HeuristicFigures map[string]any `json:"heuristic_figures,omitempty"`
 	// AfterAnswerHeuristic and AfterAnswerHeuristicFigures are the same for
-	// the heuristic that banned the client after discriminator answered the
+	// the heuristic that banned the client after waf answered the
 	// request.
 	AfterAnswerHeuristic        string         `json:"after_answer_heuristic,omitempty"`
 	AfterAnswerHeuristicFigures map[string]any `json:"after_answer_heuristic_figures,omitempty"` //nolint:lll // a struct tag cannot be split
@@ -188,7 +189,7 @@ type Line struct {
 	Reputation []string `json:"reputation,omitempty"`
 	// Tags are the request's tags, sorted.
 	Tags []string `json:"tags,omitempty"`
-	// RouteWatchTagsMissing, while SWW_ROUTEWATCH_URL is set, says why the
+	// RouteWatchTagsMissing, while SWW_WAF_ROUTEWATCH_URL is set, says why the
 	// request got no tags from routewatch: no_answer_yet, request_failed or
 	// no_route.
 	RouteWatchTagsMissing string `json:"routewatch_tags_missing,omitempty"`
@@ -231,8 +232,8 @@ type RProxyLine struct {
 	// sooner. DurationResponseMS runs from then until the answer ends.
 	DurationRequestMS  float64 `json:"duration_request_ms"`
 	DurationResponseMS float64 `json:"duration_response_ms"`
-	// Disposition is the valid disposition discriminator answered or, while
-	// DefaultDisposition is true, the value of SWRP_DEFAULT_DISPOSITION. It is ""
+	// Disposition is the valid disposition waf answered or, while
+	// DefaultDisposition is true, the value of SWW_RPROXY_DEFAULT_DISPOSITION. It is ""
 	// when neither gave one.
 	Disposition        string `json:"disposition,omitempty"`
 	DefaultDisposition bool   `json:"default_disposition,omitempty"`
@@ -252,14 +253,20 @@ func WriteRProxyLine(w io.Writer, line *RProxyLine) error {
 	return writeJSONLine(w, line)
 }
 
-// writeJSONLine writes line to w as one JSON line.
+// writeJSONLine writes line to w as one JSON line. It writes "&", "<" and
+// ">" as they are, so a query string reads as it was sent.
 func writeJSONLine(w io.Writer, line any) error {
-	encoded, err := json.Marshal(line)
+	var encoded bytes.Buffer
+
+	encoder := json.NewEncoder(&encoded)
+	encoder.SetEscapeHTML(false)
+
+	err := encoder.Encode(line)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("encode the request log line: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	_, err = w.Write(append(encoded, '\n'))
+	_, err = w.Write(encoded.Bytes())
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("write the request log line: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -284,8 +291,8 @@ func Milliseconds(d time.Duration) float64 {
 
 // NewProcessLogger returns the logger for the process's own messages:
 // JSON lines on w, marked "type":"process", with the time in the same form
-// as a request line's, and instanceName, SWW_INSTANCE_NAME, as instance.
-// It writes only the messages at level, SWW_LOG_LEVEL, or more severe;
+// as a request line's, and instanceName, SWW_WAF_INSTANCE_NAME, as instance.
+// It writes only the messages at level, SWW_WAF_LOG_LEVEL, or more severe;
 // the request lines Write writes are never held back.
 func NewProcessLogger(
 	w io.Writer,

internal/requestlog/requestlog_test.go

@@ -67,6 +67,44 @@ func TestWriteWritesOneJSONLineMarkedRequest(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestRequestLinesHoldTheQueryAndRefererAsSent(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	var out bytes.Buffer
+
+	err := requestlog.Write(&out, &requestlog.Line{
+		Query:   "a=1&b=<2>",
+		Referer: "https://example.com/?x=1&y=<2>",
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("write: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	err = requestlog.WriteRProxyLine(&out, &requestlog.RProxyLine{Query: "a=1&b=<2>"})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("write the rproxy line: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	lines := strings.Split(strings.TrimSuffix(out.String(), "\n"), "\n")
+	if len(lines) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("wrote %q, want two lines", out.String())
+	}
+
+	for _, line := range lines {
+		if !json.Valid([]byte(line)) {
+			t.Errorf("%s is not valid JSON", line)
+		}
+
+		if !strings.Contains(line, `"query":"a=1&b=<2>"`) {
+			t.Errorf("%s does not hold the query as sent", line)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if !strings.Contains(lines[0], `"referer":"https://example.com/?x=1&y=<2>"`) {
+		t.Errorf("%s does not hold the referer as sent", lines[0])
+	}
+}
+
 func TestWriteRProxyLineWritesOneJSONLineWithOnlyItsFields(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 

internal/routewatch/routewatch.go

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 // Package routewatch asks a routewatch instance about client addresses, in the
-// background, and keeps its answers in memory. A routewatch instance knows, for
-// an address, the netblock it is announced in and the AS that originates it.
+// background, and keeps its answers. A routewatch instance knows, for an
+// address, the netblock it is announced in and the AS that originates it. The
+// answers are kept in memory, for at most 100,000 clients and for an hour each,
+// and are written to routewatch.json and read from it by the state package.
 package routewatch
 
 import (
@@ -13,6 +15,7 @@ import (
 	"net/http"
 	"net/netip"
 	"net/url"
+	"slices"
 	"sync"
 	"time"
 
@@ -65,9 +68,20 @@ type Route struct {
 	ASN      uint32
 }
 
+// Answer is what routewatch answered about a client, as routewatch.json holds
+// it: the netblock the client's address is announced in, none for an address
+// without a live route, the AS that originates it, and when routewatch
+// answered.
+type Answer struct {
+	Client   netip.Prefix `json:"client"`
+	Netblock netip.Prefix `json:"netblock"`
+	ASN      uint32       `json:"asn"`
+	Answered time.Time    `json:"answered"`
+}
+
 // Params are what New needs.
 type Params struct {
-	// URL is where routewatch is (SWW_ROUTEWATCH_URL).
+	// URL is where routewatch is (SWW_WAF_ROUTEWATCH_URL).
 	URL string
 	// Now tells the time, normally time.Now in UTC.
 	Now func() time.Time
@@ -84,23 +98,16 @@ type Client struct {
 	mu sync.Mutex
 	// answers are by client. Each is added as it comes and never moved up,
 	// so that the one that came longest ago is the first dropped.
-	answers *simplelru.LRU[netip.Prefix, answer]
+	answers *simplelru.LRU[netip.Prefix, Answer]
 	// asking are the clients whose query is under way.
 	asking map[netip.Prefix]bool
 	// retryAt is when routewatch may be asked again after a query failed.
 	retryAt time.Time
 }
 
-// answer is one kept answer: the route, or why there is none, and when it came.
-type answer struct {
-	route   Route
-	missing Missing
-	came    time.Time
-}
-
 // New returns a Client with no answer yet.
 func New(params Params) *Client {
-	answers, err := simplelru.NewLRU[netip.Prefix, answer](maxAnswers, nil)
+	answers, err := simplelru.NewLRU[netip.Prefix, Answer](maxAnswers, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		panic(err) // NewLRU fails only for a size below one
 	}
@@ -128,8 +135,12 @@ func (c *Client) Route(
 	now := c.params.Now()
 
 	kept, found := c.answers.Peek(client)
-	if found && now.Sub(kept.came) < answerKept {
-		return kept.route, kept.missing
+	if found && now.Sub(kept.Answered) < answerKept {
+		if !kept.Netblock.IsValid() {
+			return Route{}, NoRoute
+		}
+
+		return Route{Netblock: kept.Netblock, ASN: kept.ASN}, ""
 	}
 
 	if now.Before(c.retryAt) {
@@ -145,12 +156,58 @@ func (c *Client) Route(
 	return Route{}, NoAnswerYet
 }
 
+// Snapshot returns every answer still in use, sorted by client, as
+// routewatch.json lists them.
+func (c *Client) Snapshot() []Answer {
+	c.mu.Lock()
+
+	now := c.params.Now()
+	answers := make([]Answer, 0, c.answers.Len())
+
+	for _, kept := range c.answers.Values() {
+		if now.Sub(kept.Answered) < answerKept {
+			answers = append(answers, kept)
+		}
+	}
+
+	c.mu.Unlock()
+
+	slices.SortFunc(answers, func(a, b Answer) int {
+		return a.Client.Compare(b.Client)
+	})
+
+	return answers
+}
+
+// Load keeps answers, read from routewatch.json, in place of those it keeps,
+// but for those that came answerKept ago or more and, past maxAnswers, those
+// that came longest ago.
+func (c *Client) Load(answers []Answer) {
+	answers = slices.Clone(answers)
+	slices.SortStableFunc(answers, func(a, b Answer) int {
+		return a.Answered.Compare(b.Answered)
+	})
+
+	c.mu.Lock()
+	defer c.mu.Unlock()
+
+	c.answers.Purge()
+
+	now := c.params.Now()
+
+	for _, kept := range answers {
+		if now.Sub(kept.Answered) < answerKept {
+			c.answers.Add(kept.Client, kept)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 // ask asks routewatch about addr, keeps the answer as client's, and notes the
 // query as no longer under way. A query that fails gives no answer, and
 // routewatch is not asked again for failureKept. Only the first failure of
 // those under way is logged.
 func (c *Client) ask(ctx context.Context, client netip.Prefix, addr netip.Addr) {
-	route, missing, err := c.query(ctx, addr)
+	route, err := c.query(ctx, addr)
 	now := c.params.Now()
 
 	c.mu.Lock()
@@ -160,7 +217,9 @@ func (c *Client) ask(ctx context.Context, client netip.Prefix, addr netip.Addr)
 	firstFailure := err != nil && !now.Before(c.retryAt)
 
 	if err == nil {
-		c.answers.Add(client, answer{route: route, missing: missing, came: now})
+		c.answers.Add(client, Answer{
+			Client: client, Netblock: route.Netblock, ASN: route.ASN, Answered: now,
+		})
 	} else {
 		c.retryAt = now.Add(failureKept)
 	}
@@ -174,19 +233,19 @@ func (c *Client) ask(ctx context.Context, client netip.Prefix, addr netip.Addr)
 
 // query asks routewatch's IP info API about addr. An answer other than 200, one
 // that cannot be read, and none within queryTimeout, fail. A result with no
-// netblock is an address without a live route.
-func (c *Client) query(ctx context.Context, addr netip.Addr) (Route, Missing, error) {
+// netblock is an address without a live route, and gives a Route without one.
+func (c *Client) query(ctx context.Context, addr netip.Addr) (Route, error) {
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, queryTimeout)
 	defer cancel()
 
 	endpoint, err := url.JoinPath(c.params.URL, "api/v1/ip", addr.String())
 	if err != nil {
-		return Route{}, "", fmt.Errorf("make the URL: %w", err)
+		return Route{}, fmt.Errorf("make the URL: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, endpoint, http.NoBody)
 	if err != nil {
-		return Route{}, "", fmt.Errorf("make the request: %w", err)
+		return Route{}, fmt.Errorf("make the request: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
@@ -195,7 +254,7 @@ func (c *Client) query(ctx context.Context, addr netip.Addr) (Route, Missing, er
 	if err != nil {
 		// Do's error names the URL, which holds the client's address, which
 		// is not to be logged: only what went wrong is kept.
-		return Route{}, "", fmt.Errorf("ask routewatch: %w", errors.Unwrap(err))
+		return Route{}, fmt.Errorf("ask routewatch: %w", errors.Unwrap(err))
 	}
 
 	defer func() {
@@ -203,14 +262,14 @@ func (c *Client) query(ctx context.Context, addr netip.Addr) (Route, Missing, er
 	}()
 
 	if res.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
-		return Route{}, "", fmt.Errorf("%w %s", errStatus, res.Status)
+		return Route{}, fmt.Errorf("%w %s", errStatus, res.Status)
 	}
 
 	return readAnswer(io.LimitReader(res.Body, maxAnswerBytes))
 }
 
 // readAnswer reads routewatch's answer about one address.
-func readAnswer(body io.Reader) (Route, Missing, error) {
+func readAnswer(body io.Reader) (Route, error) {
 	var decoded struct {
 		Data struct {
 			Results []struct {
@@ -222,22 +281,22 @@ func readAnswer(body io.Reader) (Route, Missing, error) {
 
 	err := json.NewDecoder(body).Decode(&decoded)
 	if err != nil {
-		return Route{}, "", fmt.Errorf("read the answer: %w", err)
+		return Route{}, fmt.Errorf("read the answer: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	if len(decoded.Data.Results) == 0 {
-		return Route{}, "", errNoResult
+		return Route{}, errNoResult
 	}
 
 	result := decoded.Data.Results[0]
 	if result.Netblock == "" {
-		return Route{}, NoRoute, nil
+		return Route{}, nil
 	}
 
 	netblock, err := netip.ParsePrefix(result.Netblock)
 	if err != nil {
-		return Route{}, "", fmt.Errorf("%w: %q", errNotNetblock, result.Netblock)
+		return Route{}, fmt.Errorf("%w: %q", errNotNetblock, result.Netblock)
 	}
 
-	return Route{Netblock: netblock.Masked(), ASN: result.ASN}, "", nil
+	return Route{Netblock: netblock.Masked(), ASN: result.ASN}, nil
 }

internal/routewatch/routewatch_test.go

@@ -7,10 +7,12 @@ import (
 	"net/http"
 	"net/http/httptest"
 	"net/netip"
+	"slices"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"testing"
+	"testing/synctest"
 	"time"
 
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/routewatch"
@@ -113,6 +115,28 @@ func answering(body string) http.HandlerFunc {
 	}
 }
 
+// silentURL is where a routewatch that never answers is: a query to it waits,
+// without the network, until it is abandoned. TestMain registers it with Go's
+// default transport, through which the Client asks.
+const silentURL = "silent://routewatch/"
+
+func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
+	transport, _ := http.DefaultTransport.(*http.Transport)
+	transport.RegisterProtocol("silent", silentRoutewatch{})
+
+	m.Run()
+}
+
+// silentRoutewatch is the routewatch at silentURL.
+type silentRoutewatch struct{}
+
+// RoundTrip waits until req is abandoned.
+func (silentRoutewatch) RoundTrip(req *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
+	<-req.Context().Done()
+
+	return nil, req.Context().Err()
+}
+
 func (f *fixture) route() (routewatch.Route, routewatch.Missing) {
 	addr := netip.MustParseAddr(clientAddr)
 	client := netip.PrefixFrom(addr, addr.BitLen())
@@ -287,20 +311,29 @@ func TestFailureIsKeptForAMinuteSoRoutewatchIsNotAskedPerRequest(t *testing.T) {
 func TestHangingRoutewatchNeverDelaysAndFailsTheQuery(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	f := newFixture(t, func(_ http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		<-r.Context().Done()
+	// In a synctest bubble, time passes only while every goroutine in it waits,
+	// so Route's wait is measured exactly, however busy the host is. routewatch
+	// is the one at silentURL: one reached over the network would keep the
+	// bubble's clock from moving.
+	synctest.Test(t, func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Without newFixture's stand-in, which is reached over the network.
+		f := &fixture{t: t, log: &syncBuffer{}}
+		f.client = routewatch.New(routewatch.Params{
+			URL: silentURL, Now: time.Now,
+			ProcessLog: slog.New(slog.NewTextHandler(f.log, nil)),
+		})
+
+		began := time.Now()
+		_, missing := f.route()
+
+		if waited := time.Since(began); missing != routewatch.NoAnswerYet || waited != 0 {
+			t.Errorf("Route gave %q after %s while routewatch hangs, want %q at once",
+				missing, waited, routewatch.NoAnswerYet)
+		}
+
+		f.waitFor(routewatch.RequestFailed)
+		f.wantFailureLoggedWithoutTheClient()
 	})
-
-	start := time.Now()
-
-	f.route()
-
-	if elapsed := time.Since(start); elapsed > time.Second {
-		t.Errorf("Route took %s while routewatch hangs", elapsed)
-	}
-
-	f.waitFor(routewatch.RequestFailed)
-	f.wantFailureLoggedWithoutTheClient()
 }
 
 func TestRepeatedRequestsMakeOneQueryAndTheAnswerExpires(t *testing.T) {
@@ -336,3 +369,96 @@ func TestRepeatedRequestsMakeOneQueryAndTheAnswerExpires(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("%d queries after the answer expired, want 2", got)
 	}
 }
+
+func TestSnapshotHoldsTheAnswerUntilItExpires(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	f := newFixture(t, answering(routedAnswer))
+
+	f.route()
+	f.waitFor("")
+
+	want := []routewatch.Answer{{
+		Client:   netip.MustParsePrefix(clientAddr + "/32"),
+		Netblock: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.0.2.0/24"), ASN: 64496,
+		Answered: f.clk.Now(),
+	}}
+	if got := f.client.Snapshot(); !slices.Equal(got, want) {
+		t.Errorf("snapshot %+v, want %+v", got, want)
+	}
+
+	f.clk.advance(time.Hour)
+
+	if got := f.client.Snapshot(); len(got) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("snapshot %+v an hour after the answer, want none", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestLoadedAnswersAreUsedForAnHourFromWhenTheyCame(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	f := newFixture(t, answering(routedAnswer))
+	now := f.clk.Now()
+	kept := routewatch.Answer{
+		Client:   netip.MustParsePrefix(clientAddr + "/32"),
+		Netblock: netip.MustParsePrefix("198.51.100.0/24"), ASN: 64497,
+		Answered: now.Add(-time.Hour + time.Second),
+	}
+	stale := routewatch.Answer{
+		Client:   netip.MustParsePrefix("192.0.2.2/32"),
+		Netblock: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.0.2.0/24"), ASN: 64496,
+		Answered: now.Add(-time.Hour),
+	}
+
+	f.client.Load([]routewatch.Answer{kept, stale})
+
+	if got := f.client.Snapshot(); !slices.Equal(got, []routewatch.Answer{kept}) {
+		t.Errorf("kept %+v, want only the answer that came less than an hour ago", got)
+	}
+
+	route, missing := f.route()
+
+	want := routewatch.Route{Netblock: kept.Netblock, ASN: kept.ASN}
+	if route != want || missing != "" {
+		t.Errorf("route %+v (%q), want %+v", route, missing, want)
+	}
+
+	if got := f.queries.Load(); got != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("%d queries for a client with an answer loaded, want none", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestLoadDropsTheAnswerThatCameLongestAgoFirst(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	const maxAnswers = 100000
+
+	f := newFixture(t, answering(routedAnswer))
+	now := f.clk.Now()
+
+	// routewatch.json lists the answers by client. Here each came a
+	// millisecond before the one listed before it, so the last listed is
+	// the one that came longest ago, and the one dropped.
+	answers := make([]routewatch.Answer, maxAnswers+1)
+	addr := netip.MustParseAddr("10.0.0.0")
+
+	for i := range answers {
+		answers[i] = routewatch.Answer{
+			Client:   netip.PrefixFrom(addr, addr.BitLen()),
+			Answered: now.Add(-time.Duration(i) * time.Millisecond),
+		}
+		addr = addr.Next()
+	}
+
+	f.client.Load(answers)
+
+	got := f.client.Snapshot()
+	if len(got) != maxAnswers {
+		t.Fatalf("%d answers kept, want %d", len(got), maxAnswers)
+	}
+
+	if got[0] != answers[0] || got[maxAnswers-1] != answers[maxAnswers-1] {
+		t.Errorf("answers kept from %s to %s, want from %s to %s", got[0].Client,
+			got[maxAnswers-1].Client, answers[0].Client, answers[maxAnswers-1].Client)
+	}
+}

internal/rproxy/bodies.go

@@ -11,16 +11,16 @@ import (
 )
 
 // errResponseTooLarge ends an app's response body that is longer than
-// SWRP_MAX_RESPONSE_SIZE.
+// SWW_RPROXY_MAX_RESPONSE_SIZE.
 var errResponseTooLarge = errors.New(
-	"the response body is over SWRP_MAX_RESPONSE_SIZE")
+	"the response body is over SWW_RPROXY_MAX_RESPONSE_SIZE")
 
 // requestBody is the visitor's request body. rproxy first reads up to the first
 // 64 KiB of it into held, and then, on its way to the app, the transport reads
 // it on a goroutine of its own.
 type requestBody struct {
 	// body is the visitor's body, ending in an *http.MaxBytesError past
-	// SWRP_MAX_REQUEST_SIZE.
+	// SWW_RPROXY_MAX_REQUEST_SIZE.
 	body io.ReadCloser
 	rq   *request
 	// held is the part read before the request goes to the app, which Read gives
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ func (b *requestBody) Close() error {
 // responseBody is the app's response body on its way to the visitor.
 type responseBody struct {
 	// body is the app's body, ending in an *http.MaxBytesError past
-	// SWRP_MAX_RESPONSE_SIZE.
+	// SWW_RPROXY_MAX_RESPONSE_SIZE.
 	body io.ReadCloser
 	rq   *request
 }

internal/rproxy/client.go

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ const (
 )
 
 // peerAddress is the address of the request's TCP peer, normally traefik, without
-// any IPv6 zone, which discriminator refuses.
+// any IPv6 zone, which waf refuses.
 func peerAddress(r *http.Request) netip.Addr {
 	addrPort, err := netip.ParseAddrPort(r.RemoteAddr)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ func peerAddress(r *http.Request) netip.Addr {
 // address outside them is the visitor; if every address in it is inside, the
 // leftmost is, and with no header, the peer. An entry that is not an address
 // ends the reading, since nothing to its left can be believed. The visitor's
-// address never has an IPv6 zone, which discriminator refuses.
+// address never has an IPv6 zone, which waf refuses.
 func clientAddress(
 	peer netip.Addr, forwardedFor []string, trusted []netip.Prefix,
 ) netip.Addr {
@@ -105,15 +105,14 @@ func setForwardedHeaders(in, out *http.Request, peer netip.Addr, trusted bool) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	// ReverseProxy has removed Forwarded and the three set below; these are the
-	// other headers in which traefik tells the app about the visitor and its
-	// request.
-	for _, name := range []string{
-		"X-Forwarded-Port", "X-Forwarded-Server", "X-Forwarded-Uri",
-		"X-Forwarded-Method", "X-Forwarded-Prefix", "X-Forwarded-Tls-Client-Cert",
-		"X-Forwarded-Tls-Client-Cert-Info", "X-Real-Ip",
-	} {
-		out.Header.Del(name)
+	// An app behind CGI or FastCGI reads X_Forwarded_Ssl as X-Forwarded-Ssl, so
+	// a name is matched with each _ read as - and in any letter case.
+	for name := range out.Header {
+		spelt := strings.ToLower(strings.ReplaceAll(name, "_", "-"))
+		if strings.HasPrefix(spelt, "x-forwarded-") ||
+			spelt == "forwarded" || spelt == "x-real-ip" {
+			delete(out.Header, name)
+		}
 	}
 
 	out.Header.Set("X-Forwarded-For", forwardedFor)

internal/rproxy/limits_test.go

@@ -17,9 +17,10 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/config"
-	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/discriminator"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/config/configtest"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/requestlog"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/rproxy"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/waf"
 )
 
 // post is the start of a POST whose headers end with what follows it.
@@ -34,13 +35,9 @@ func announcedLength(size int) string {
 func TestServerHasTheFixedLimits(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	cfg, err := config.RProxyFromEnvironment(func(name string) (string, bool) {
-		if name == "SWRP_WAF_BACKEND" {
-			return nowhere, true
-		}
-
-		return "", false
-	})
+	cfg, err := config.RProxyFromEnvironment(configtest.Viper(map[string]string{
+		"SWW_RPROXY_WAF_BACKEND": nowhere,
+	}))
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("settings: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -59,7 +56,7 @@ func TestServerHasTheFixedLimits(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestABodyAnnouncedOverItsLimitIsRefusedOnceDiscriminatorAllowsIt(t *testing.T) {
+func TestABodyAnnouncedOverItsLimitIsRefusedOnceWAFAllowsIt(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	for _, tc := range []struct {
@@ -72,7 +69,7 @@ func TestABodyAnnouncedOverItsLimitIsRefusedOnceDiscriminatorAllowsIt(t *testing
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
 
-			standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+			standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 			app := startApp(t, func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request) {
 				t.Error("the app was asked")
 			})
@@ -101,7 +98,7 @@ func TestABodyAnnouncedOverItsLimitIsRefusedOnceDiscriminatorAllowsIt(t *testing
 func TestADenyOutranksTheBodySizeLimit(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, deny)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, deny)
 	app := startApp(t, greet)
 	addr, _ := startRProxy(t, standIn.URL, app.URL, map[string]string{
 		maxRequestSize: "1K",
@@ -110,7 +107,7 @@ func TestADenyOutranksTheBodySizeLimit(t *testing.T) {
 	got := visit(t, newRequest(t, http.MethodPost, addr, "/",
 		bytes.NewReader(make([]byte, 1025))))
 	if got.status != http.StatusForbidden {
-		t.Errorf("answered %+v, want discriminator's 403", got)
+		t.Errorf("answered %+v, want waf's 403", got)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -133,7 +130,7 @@ func TestABodyNotAnnouncedOverItsLimitIsRefused(t *testing.T) {
 
 			var asked atomic.Bool
 
-			standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+			standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 			app := startApp(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 				asked.Store(true)
 				greet(w, r)
@@ -166,7 +163,7 @@ func TestAResponseOverItsLimit(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("announced, is refused", func(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Parallel()
 
-		standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+		standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 		app := startApp(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
 			w.Header().Set(contentLengthHeader, strconv.Itoa(len(large)))
 			_, _ = io.WriteString(w, large)
@@ -188,7 +185,7 @@ func TestAResponseOverItsLimit(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("not announced, is cut off", func(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Parallel()
 
-		standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+		standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 		app := startApp(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
 			_, _ = io.WriteString(w, large[:1])
 			_ = http.NewResponseController(w).Flush()
@@ -218,7 +215,7 @@ func TestAHeadWhoseAnswerAnnouncesMoreThanTheResponseLimitIsPassedOn(t *testing.
 
 	const announced = "2048"
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 	app := startApp(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
 		w.Header().Set(contentLengthHeader, announced)
 	})
@@ -241,7 +238,7 @@ func TestASettingOfOffSetsNoLimit(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run(setting, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
 
-			standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+			standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 			app := startApp(t, greet)
 			addr, _ := startRProxy(t, standIn.URL, app.URL, map[string]string{
 				setting: "off",
@@ -252,7 +249,7 @@ func TestASettingOfOffSetsNoLimit(t *testing.T) {
 			wantGreeting(t, visit(t, newRequest(t, http.MethodPost, addr, "/",
 				strings.NewReader("a body"))))
 
-			if got := get(t, addr, discriminator.HealthPath); got.status != http.StatusOK {
+			if got := get(t, addr, waf.HealthPath); got.status != http.StatusOK {
 				t.Errorf("answered %+v, want rproxy's own 200", got)
 			}
 		})
@@ -271,7 +268,7 @@ func TestAVisitorTooSlowToSendTheFirstPartIsAnswered408(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
 
-			standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+			standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 			app := startApp(t, greet)
 			addr, out := startRProxy(t, standIn.URL, app.URL, map[string]string{
 				maxRequestTime: "500",
@@ -290,7 +287,7 @@ func TestAVisitorTooSlowToSendTheFirstPartIsAnswered408(t *testing.T) {
 			}
 
 			if len(standIn.questions) != 0 {
-				t.Error("discriminator was asked")
+				t.Error("waf was asked")
 			}
 
 			standIn.wantNoReport(t)
@@ -301,7 +298,7 @@ func TestAVisitorTooSlowToSendTheFirstPartIsAnswered408(t *testing.T) {
 func TestAVisitorThatGoesAwayBeforeTheFirstPartIsNotAsked(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 	app := startApp(t, greet)
 	addr, out := startRProxy(t, standIn.URL, app.URL, nil)
 
@@ -315,7 +312,7 @@ func TestAVisitorThatGoesAwayBeforeTheFirstPartIsNotAsked(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	if len(standIn.questions) != 0 {
-		t.Error("discriminator was asked")
+		t.Error("waf was asked")
 	}
 }
 
@@ -335,7 +332,7 @@ func TestABodyThatCannotBeReadClosesTheConnectionWithoutAnAnswer(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
 
-			standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+			standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 			app := startApp(t, greet)
 			addr, out := startRProxy(t, standIn.URL, app.URL, nil)
 
@@ -366,7 +363,7 @@ func TestABodyThatCannotBeReadClosesTheConnectionWithoutAnAnswer(t *testing.T) {
 			}
 
 			if len(standIn.questions) != 0 {
-				t.Error("discriminator was asked")
+				t.Error("waf was asked")
 			}
 		})
 	}
@@ -382,6 +379,20 @@ type deadlineRecorder struct {
 	// stalled, if set, sends the part of the request body that never arrives. A
 	// read deadline that has passed ends a read of it, as on a connection.
 	stalled *io.PipeWriter
+	// flushError, if set, is what every flush returns, and nothing is flushed.
+	flushError error
+}
+
+// FlushError, which http.ResponseController calls to flush, returns flushError
+// if it is set, and otherwise flushes.
+func (w *deadlineRecorder) FlushError() error {
+	if w.flushError != nil {
+		return w.flushError
+	}
+
+	w.Flush()
+
+	return nil
 }
 
 // SetReadDeadline notes deadline.
@@ -412,7 +423,7 @@ func TestABodyLeftUnreadIsReadOnlyUntilTheRequestTimeLimit(t *testing.T) {
 		announced = 100 * questionBodyMaxBytes
 	)
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 	app := startApp(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
 		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNoContent)
 	})
@@ -447,6 +458,45 @@ func TestABodyLeftUnreadIsReadOnlyUntilTheRequestTimeLimit(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestABodyLeftUnreadIsReadNoMoreOnceTheTimeToSendTheAnswerRunsOut(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
+	app := startApp(t, answerBeforeTheBody)
+	_, _, server := startServer(t, standIn.URL, app.URL, nil)
+
+	// The visitor sends the first part and a little more, and then nothing.
+	stalled, stop := io.Pipe()
+
+	t.Cleanup(func() { _ = stop.Close() })
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodPost, "/",
+		io.MultiReader(bytes.NewReader(make([]byte, questionBodyMaxBytes+1)), stalled))
+	req.ContentLength = 2 * questionBodyMaxBytes
+	req.Header.Set(contentLengthHeader, strconv.Itoa(2*questionBodyMaxBytes))
+
+	// Every flush fails, as once the time to send the answer has run out. The
+	// default time limits are far longer than the test, so rproxy records no
+	// refusal.
+	w := &deadlineRecorder{
+		ResponseRecorder: httptest.NewRecorder(),
+		stalled:          stop,
+		flushError:       os.ErrDeadlineExceeded,
+	}
+
+	before := time.Now()
+
+	server.Handler.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+
+	if w.Code != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Errorf("status %d, want the app's 200", w.Code)
+	}
+
+	if w.readDeadline.Before(before) || w.readDeadline.After(time.Now()) {
+		t.Errorf("the reading of the body ends at %s, want now", w.readDeadline)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestAnAnswerRProxyGivesItselfHasTheResponseTimeToBeSent(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
@@ -456,13 +506,13 @@ func TestAnAnswerRProxyGivesItselfHasTheResponseTimeToBeSent(t *testing.T) {
 		name, target string
 		status       int
 	}{
-		{"discriminator's deny", "/", http.StatusForbidden},
+		{"waf's deny", "/", http.StatusForbidden},
 		{"rproxy's own 400", "x:admin", http.StatusBadRequest},
 	} {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
 
-			standIn := startDiscriminator(t, deny)
+			standIn := startWAF(t, deny)
 			app := startApp(t, greet)
 			_, _, server := startServer(t, standIn.URL, app.URL, map[string]string{
 				maxResponseTime: strconv.FormatInt(limit.Milliseconds(), 10),
@@ -494,7 +544,7 @@ func TestAnAnswerRProxyGivesItselfHasTenSecondsToBeSentAtLeast(t *testing.T) {
 
 	const least = 10 * time.Second
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, deny)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, deny)
 	app := startApp(t, greet)
 	_, _, server := startServer(t, standIn.URL, app.URL, map[string]string{
 		maxResponseTime: "300",
@@ -516,7 +566,7 @@ func TestAnAnswerRProxyGivesItselfHasTenSecondsToBeSentAtLeast(t *testing.T) {
 func TestAVisitorTooSlowToSendTheRestIsAnswered408(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 	app := startApp(t, greet)
 	addr, _ := startRProxy(t, standIn.URL, app.URL, map[string]string{
 		maxRequestTime: "3000",
@@ -585,7 +635,7 @@ func TestAnAppTooSlowToTakeTheRequestIsAnswered504(t *testing.T) {
 		writeSize = 32 << 10
 	)
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 	addr, _ := startRProxy(t, standIn.URL, startAppThatTakesNothing(t),
 		map[string]string{maxRequestTime: "3000"})
 
@@ -612,7 +662,7 @@ func TestAnAppTooSlowToAnswerIsAnswered504(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	release := make(chan struct{})
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 	app := startApp(t, func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request) {
 		<-release
 	})
@@ -648,7 +698,7 @@ func TestAVisitorGetsAnAnswerWhenTheAppAnswersAsTheTimeRunsOut(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 // visitAsTheTimeRunsOut sends requests to an app that answers about as
-// SWRP_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS runs out, and checks that each is answered with the
+// SWW_RPROXY_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS runs out, and checks that each is answered with the
 // app's 200 or a 504.
 func visitAsTheTimeRunsOut(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Helper()
@@ -658,7 +708,7 @@ func visitAsTheTimeRunsOut(t *testing.T) {
 	// answerAfter is how long the app waits before it answers.
 	var answerAfter atomic.Int64
 
-	backend := startDiscriminatorAnsweringReports(t, allow,
+	backend := startWAFAnsweringReports(t, allow,
 		func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
 			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNoContent)
 		})
@@ -701,7 +751,7 @@ func TestAnAppTooSlowToFinishItsAnswerIsCutOff(t *testing.T) {
 	const start = "the start"
 
 	release := make(chan struct{})
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 	app := startApp(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
 		_, _ = io.WriteString(w, start)
 		_ = http.NewResponseController(w).Flush()
@@ -750,7 +800,7 @@ func TestAVisitorTooSlowToTakeTheAnswerIsCutOff(t *testing.T) {
 		writeSize = 32 << 10
 	)
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 	app := startApp(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
 		part := make([]byte, writeSize)
 
@@ -787,7 +837,7 @@ func TestAVisitorTooSlowToTakeTheAnswerIsCutOff(t *testing.T) {
 func TestAnAppThatCannotBeReachedIsAnswered502WithAReport(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 	addr, _ := startRProxy(t, standIn.URL, nowhere, nil)
 
 	got := get(t, addr, "/")
@@ -803,12 +853,14 @@ func TestAnAppThatCannotBeReachedIsAnswered502WithAReport(t *testing.T) {
 func TestAVisitorThatStopsSendingAfterTheAppHasAnsweredGetsTheAnswer(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 	app := startApp(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
 		_, _ = io.WriteString(w, greeting)
 	})
+	// The request time limit is far longer than dial's deadline, so that a busy
+	// host cannot use it up before the app's answer arrives.
 	addr, _ := startRProxy(t, standIn.URL, app.URL, map[string]string{
-		maxRequestTime: "3000",
+		maxRequestTime: "120000",
 	})
 
 	// Far more announced than sent, so that Go's server answers for the app
@@ -867,13 +919,13 @@ func readAnswer(t *testing.T, conn net.Conn) answered {
 func TestAVisitorThatStopsALittleShortGetsTheAppsAnswerAtOnce(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 	app := startApp(t, answerBeforeTheBody)
-	// The request time limit is longer than the 10 seconds the status and headers
-	// of an answer have to be sent, and than dial's deadline.
+	// Both time limits are far longer than dial's deadline, so that the answer
+	// has to come before either runs out, and a busy host cannot use them up.
 	addr, _ := startRProxy(t, standIn.URL, app.URL, map[string]string{
-		maxRequestTime:  "15000",
-		maxResponseTime: "300",
+		maxRequestTime:  "120000",
+		maxResponseTime: "60000",
 	})
 
 	conn := dial(t, addr)
@@ -887,7 +939,7 @@ func TestAVisitorThatStopsALittleShortIsReadUntilTheRequestTimeLimit(t *testing.
 
 	const limit = 2 * time.Second
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 	app := startApp(t, answerBeforeTheBody)
 	addr, _ := startRProxy(t, standIn.URL, app.URL, map[string]string{
 		maxRequestTime: strconv.FormatInt(limit.Milliseconds(), 10),
@@ -910,11 +962,82 @@ func TestAVisitorThatStopsALittleShortIsReadUntilTheRequestTimeLimit(t *testing.
 	}
 }
 
+func TestAVisitorThatStopsALittleShortHasTheConnectionClosedWhenTheAnswerIsCutOff(
+	t *testing.T,
+) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	// rproxy passes on a part sent at once well within this limit, even on a busy
+	// host.
+	const limit = 2 * time.Second
+
+	// The app sends the parts in atOnce with its status and headers. It sends the
+	// parts in late only once rproxy has ended the request to it, which rproxy
+	// does when it cuts off the answer, so that those never reach the visitor.
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		name         string
+		atOnce, late []string
+	}{
+		{"with the body in one part", nil, []string{greeting}},
+		{"with the body in two parts", []string{greeting[:5]}, []string{greeting[5:]}},
+	} {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
+			app := startApp(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+				rc := http.NewResponseController(w)
+				_ = rc.EnableFullDuplex()
+
+				w.Header().Set(contentLengthHeader, strconv.Itoa(len(greeting)))
+
+				for _, part := range tc.atOnce {
+					_, _ = io.WriteString(w, part)
+				}
+
+				_ = rc.Flush()
+
+				// The request's body ends when rproxy ends the request to the app.
+				_, _ = io.Copy(io.Discard, r.Body)
+
+				for _, part := range tc.late {
+					_, _ = io.WriteString(w, part)
+					_ = rc.Flush()
+				}
+			})
+
+			// The request time limit is far longer than dial's deadline.
+			addr, _ := startRProxy(t, standIn.URL, app.URL, map[string]string{
+				maxRequestTime:  "120000",
+				maxResponseTime: strconv.FormatInt(limit.Milliseconds(), 10),
+			})
+
+			conn := dial(t, addr)
+			sendAllButALittle(t, conn)
+
+			res, err := http.ReadResponse(bufio.NewReader(conn), nil)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("read the answer: %v", err)
+			}
+
+			// If the connection stays open, dial's deadline ends this read with a
+			// timeout.
+			body, err := io.ReadAll(res.Body)
+			_ = res.Body.Close()
+
+			want := strings.Join(tc.atOnce, "")
+			if string(body) != want || !errors.Is(err, io.ErrUnexpectedEOF) {
+				t.Errorf("read %q (%v), want %q and the connection closed", body, err, want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 func TestAVisitorThatStopsSendingWhileTheAppWorksGetsNoAnswer(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	working := make(chan struct{})
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 	app := startApp(t, func(_ http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		close(working)
 		<-r.Context().Done()
@@ -955,7 +1078,7 @@ func TestTheRequestTimeLimitDoesNotCutAnAnswerOnceTheAppHasTheRequest(t *testing
 
 	const answer = "the end of a long answer"
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 	app := startApp(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		_, _ = io.Copy(io.Discard, r.Body)
 		_ = http.NewResponseController(w).Flush()
@@ -984,14 +1107,14 @@ func TestAVisitorThatStopsALittleShortGetsAnAnswerRProxyGivesAtOnce(t *testing.T
 		{"a deny", post, http.StatusForbidden},
 		{
 			"the health check",
-			"GET " + discriminator.HealthPath + " HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: site.example\r\n",
+			"GET " + waf.HealthPath + " HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: site.example\r\n",
 			http.StatusOK,
 		},
 	} {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
 
-			standIn := startDiscriminator(t, deny)
+			standIn := startWAF(t, deny)
 			app := startApp(t, greet)
 			// The request time limit is longer than the 10 seconds an answer rproxy
 			// gives itself has to be sent, and than dial's deadline.

internal/rproxy/question_test.go

@@ -12,11 +12,11 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
-	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/discriminator"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/waf"
 )
 
 // questionBodyMaxBytes is the most of a body a question carries.
-const questionBodyMaxBytes = discriminator.QuestionBodyMaxBytes
+const questionBodyMaxBytes = waf.QuestionBodyMaxBytes
 
 // chunked is the encoding of a body whose length the visitor did not announce.
 const chunked = "chunked"
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ const pathGoReencodes = "/some%2Fpath/with%20space|pipe"
 func TestQuestionIsTheVisitorsRequestWithRProxysHeaders(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 	app := startApp(t, greet)
 	addr, _ := startRProxy(t, standIn.URL, app.URL, nil)
 
@@ -42,9 +42,9 @@ func TestQuestionIsTheVisitorsRequestWithRProxysHeaders(t *testing.T) {
 	req.Header.Set(forwardedForHeader, "198.51.100.1")
 	req.Header.Set(forwardedProtoHeader, "gopher")
 	req.Header.Set(requestIDHeader, "the-visitor's")
-	req.Header.Set(discriminator.ClientHeader, "198.51.100.2")
-	req.Header.Set(discriminator.PeerHeader, "198.51.100.3")
-	req.Header.Set(discriminator.ContentLengthHeader, "12345")
+	req.Header.Set(waf.ClientHeader, "198.51.100.2")
+	req.Header.Set(waf.PeerHeader, "198.51.100.3")
+	req.Header.Set(waf.ContentLengthHeader, "12345")
 	// Go's client then sends no User-Agent, so that one in the question would be
 	// Go's own.
 	req.Header["User-Agent"] = nil
@@ -68,8 +68,8 @@ func TestQuestionIsTheVisitorsRequestWithRProxysHeaders(t *testing.T) {
 	want.Set(forwardedForHeader, "198.51.100.1")
 	want.Set(forwardedProtoHeader, "http")
 	want.Set(requestIDHeader, asked.header.Get(requestIDHeader))
-	want.Set(discriminator.ClientHeader, localhost)
-	want.Set(discriminator.PeerHeader, localhost)
+	want.Set(waf.ClientHeader, localhost)
+	want.Set(waf.PeerHeader, localhost)
 
 	if !maps.EqualFunc(asked.header, want, slices.Equal) {
 		t.Errorf("the question's headers are %v, want %v", asked.header, want)
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ func TestQuestionNamesTheVisitorATrustedProxySpeaksFor(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
 
-			standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+			standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 			forwarded := make(chan http.Header, 1)
 			app := startApp(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 				forwarded <- r.Header.Clone()
@@ -110,8 +110,8 @@ func TestQuestionNamesTheVisitorATrustedProxySpeaksFor(t *testing.T) {
 			wantGreeting(t, visit(t, req))
 
 			asked := standIn.question(t)
-			if asked.header.Get(discriminator.ClientHeader) != tc.client ||
-				asked.header.Get(discriminator.PeerHeader) != localhost ||
+			if asked.header.Get(waf.ClientHeader) != tc.client ||
+				asked.header.Get(waf.PeerHeader) != localhost ||
 				asked.header.Get(forwardedForHeader) != visitor ||
 				asked.header.Get(forwardedProtoHeader) != tc.proto {
 				t.Errorf("the question's headers are %v", asked.header)
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ func TestQuestionNamesTheClientAsTheForwardedAddressesSay(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
 
-			standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+			standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 			app := startApp(t, greet)
 			addr, _ := startRProxy(t, standIn.URL, app.URL, map[string]string{
 				trustedProxies: localhost + "/32,10.0.0.0/8",
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ func TestQuestionNamesTheClientAsTheForwardedAddressesSay(t *testing.T) {
 			req.Header[forwardedForHeader] = tc.header
 			wantGreeting(t, visit(t, req))
 
-			if got := standIn.question(t).header.Get(discriminator.ClientHeader); got !=
+			if got := standIn.question(t).header.Get(waf.ClientHeader); got !=
 				tc.client {
 				t.Errorf("the question names %s, want %s", got, tc.client)
 			}
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ func randomBytes(n int) []byte {
 	return body
 }
 
-func TestFirst64KiBReachDiscriminatorAndTheWholeBodyTheApp(t *testing.T) {
+func TestFirst64KiBReachWAFAndTheWholeBodyTheApp(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	for _, size := range []int{
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ func TestFirst64KiBReachDiscriminatorAndTheWholeBodyTheApp(t *testing.T) {
 				t.Parallel()
 
 				body := randomBytes(size)
-				standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+				standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 				received := make(chan []byte, 1)
 				app := startApp(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 					whole, _ := io.ReadAll(r.Body)
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ func wantQuestionBody(
 			len(want))
 	}
 
-	values := asked.header.Values(discriminator.ContentLengthHeader)
+	values := asked.header.Values(waf.ContentLengthHeader)
 
 	if announced {
 		if !slices.Equal(values, []string{strconv.Itoa(size)}) ||
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ func wantQuestionBody(
 func TestDenyNeedsOnlyTheFirstPartOfALargeBody(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, deny)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, deny)
 	app := startApp(t, greet)
 	addr, _ := startRProxy(t, standIn.URL, app.URL, nil)
 
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ func TestDenyNeedsOnlyTheFirstPartOfALargeBody(t *testing.T) {
 		strings.Repeat("x", questionBodyMaxBytes))
 
 	if status := readStatus(t, conn); status != http.StatusForbidden {
-		t.Errorf("status %d, want discriminator's 403", status)
+		t.Errorf("status %d, want waf's 403", status)
 	}
 
 	if report := standIn.report(t); report.RequestBytes != questionBodyMaxBytes {
@@ -307,14 +307,14 @@ func TestAQuestionCarriesItsBodyWhateverTheMethod(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Run(method+" "+tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 				t.Parallel()
 
-				standIn := startDiscriminator(t, deny)
+				standIn := startWAF(t, deny)
 				addr, _ := startRProxy(t, standIn.URL, nowhere, nil)
 
 				conn := dial(t, addr)
 				send(t, conn, method+" /x HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: site.example\r\n"+tc.framing)
 
 				if status := readStatus(t, conn); status != http.StatusForbidden {
-					t.Errorf("status %d, want discriminator's 403", status)
+					t.Errorf("status %d, want waf's 403", status)
 				}
 
 				asked := standIn.question(t)
@@ -335,7 +335,7 @@ func TestAMethodNotPassedOnIsAnswered405(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run(method, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
 
-			standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+			standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 			app := startApp(t, func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request) {
 				t.Error("the app was asked")
 			})
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ func TestAMethodNotPassedOnIsAnswered405(t *testing.T) {
 			}
 
 			if len(standIn.questions) != 0 {
-				t.Error("discriminator was asked")
+				t.Error("waf was asked")
 			}
 
 			standIn.wantNoReport(t)
@@ -364,7 +364,7 @@ func TestAMethodNotPassedOnIsAnswered405(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestEachMethodPassedOnReachesDiscriminatorAndTheApp(t *testing.T) {
+func TestEachMethodPassedOnReachesWAFAndTheApp(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	for _, method := range []string{
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ func TestEachMethodPassedOnReachesDiscriminatorAndTheApp(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
 
 			reached := make(chan string, 1)
-			standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+			standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 			app := startApp(t, func(_ http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 				reached <- r.Method
 			})
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ func TestEachMethodPassedOnReachesDiscriminatorAndTheApp(t *testing.T) {
 			}
 
 			if asked := standIn.question(t); asked.method != method {
-				t.Errorf("discriminator was asked about %s", asked.method)
+				t.Errorf("waf was asked about %s", asked.method)
 			}
 
 			if atApp := <-reached; atApp != method {
@@ -399,7 +399,7 @@ func TestEachMethodPassedOnReachesDiscriminatorAndTheApp(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestARequestThatCannotGoToDiscriminatorAsSentIsRefused(t *testing.T) {
+func TestARequestThatCannotGoToWAFAsSentIsRefused(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	const host = "Host: site.example\r\n\r\n"
@@ -421,7 +421,7 @@ func TestARequestThatCannotGoToDiscriminatorAsSentIsRefused(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
 
-			standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+			standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 			app := startApp(t, greet)
 			addr, out := startRProxy(t, standIn.URL, app.URL, nil)
 
@@ -439,7 +439,7 @@ func TestARequestThatCannotGoToDiscriminatorAsSentIsRefused(t *testing.T) {
 			}
 
 			if len(standIn.questions) != 0 {
-				t.Error("discriminator was asked")
+				t.Error("waf was asked")
 			}
 
 			standIn.wantNoReport(t)
@@ -447,12 +447,12 @@ func TestARequestThatCannotGoToDiscriminatorAsSentIsRefused(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestAHostWithAPercentSignButNoBracketGoesToDiscriminator(t *testing.T) {
+func TestAHostWithAPercentSignButNoBracketGoesToWAF(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	const host = "a%b"
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 	app := startApp(t, greet)
 	addr, _ := startRProxy(t, standIn.URL, app.URL, nil)
 
@@ -473,7 +473,7 @@ func TestATrustedPeerWithNoForwardedProtoIsAskedAboutAsHTTP(t *testing.T) {
 
 	const want = "http"
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 	app := startApp(t, greet)
 	addr, _ := startRProxy(t, standIn.URL, app.URL, map[string]string{
 		trustedProxies: localhost + "/32",
@@ -502,7 +502,7 @@ func TestAQuestionNamesNoZone(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
 
-			standIn := startDiscriminator(t, deny)
+			standIn := startWAF(t, deny)
 			app := startApp(t, greet)
 			_, out, server := startServer(t, standIn.URL, app.URL, map[string]string{
 				trustedProxies: localhost + "/32",
@@ -515,8 +515,8 @@ func TestAQuestionNamesNoZone(t *testing.T) {
 			server.Handler.ServeHTTP(httptest.NewRecorder(), req)
 
 			asked := standIn.question(t)
-			if asked.header.Get(discriminator.ClientHeader) != tc.client ||
-				asked.header.Get(discriminator.PeerHeader) != tc.peer {
+			if asked.header.Get(waf.ClientHeader) != tc.client ||
+				asked.header.Get(waf.PeerHeader) != tc.peer {
 				t.Errorf("the question's headers are %v", asked.header)
 			}
 

internal/rproxy/request.go

@@ -16,16 +16,16 @@ import (
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"
 
-	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/discriminator"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/requestlog"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/rules"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/waf"
 )
 
 // flushAfterEachWrite has ReverseProxy pass on each part of the app's answer as
 // soon as it arrives.
 const flushAfterEachWrite time.Duration = -1
 
-// reportStatusMax is the highest status discriminator takes in a report. An app can
+// reportStatusMax is the highest status waf takes in a report. An app can
 // send a higher one, up to 999, and the visitor gets that as it is.
 const reportStatusMax = 599
 
@@ -34,14 +34,14 @@ const plainText = "text/plain; charset=utf-8"
 
 // minSendTime is the least time to send an answer rproxy gives itself, or the
 // status and headers of the app's answer. A shorter time can run out before the
-// first byte is written, on a busy host or as SWRP_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS runs out,
+// first byte is written, on a busy host or as SWW_RPROXY_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS runs out,
 // and the visitor then gets a closed connection and no answer.
 const minSendTime = 10 * time.Second
 
 // errResponseTooLate refuses an app's answer that arrives once
-// SWRP_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS has run out.
+// SWW_RPROXY_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS has run out.
 var errResponseTooLate = errors.New(
-	"the answer arrived after SWRP_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS ran out")
+	"the answer arrived after SWW_RPROXY_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS ran out")
 
 // request is one request on its way through rproxy, from the moment its headers
 // have been read to its log line and report.
@@ -60,14 +60,14 @@ type request struct {
 	peerTrusted bool
 	start       time.Time
 
-	// disposition is what is done with the request: discriminator's valid disposition,
-	// or SWRP_DEFAULT_DISPOSITION. It is "" when neither gave one.
+	// disposition is what is done with the request: waf's valid disposition,
+	// or SWW_RPROXY_DEFAULT_DISPOSITION. It is "" when neither gave one.
 	disposition string
-	// answered is true when discriminator gave disposition, which makes a report due,
-	// and byDefault when SWRP_DEFAULT_DISPOSITION did.
+	// answered is true when waf gave disposition, which makes a report due,
+	// and byDefault when SWW_RPROXY_DEFAULT_DISPOSITION did.
 	answered  bool
 	byDefault bool
-	// asn and country are discriminator's X-Client-ASN and X-Client-Country, for the
+	// asn and country are waf's X-Client-ASN and X-Client-Country, for the
 	// app.
 	asn, country string
 
@@ -127,18 +127,18 @@ func (rq *request) answerHealth() {
 }
 
 // readFirstPartOfBody reads up to the first 64 KiB of the body into memory,
-// within SWRP_MAX_REQUEST_TIME_MS, and reports whether the request goes on. A
+// within SWW_RPROXY_MAX_REQUEST_TIME_MS, and reports whether the request goes on. A
 // visitor too slow to send it is answered 408. For a malformed chunk, or a
 // visitor that went away or stopped its sending side, the connection is closed
-// without an answer. A body over SWRP_MAX_REQUEST_SIZE goes on with the part
-// read, so that discriminator is asked first; passToApp then refuses it.
+// without an answer. A body over SWW_RPROXY_MAX_REQUEST_SIZE goes on with the part
+// read, so that waf is asked first; passToApp then refuses it.
 func (rq *request) readFirstPartOfBody() bool {
 	if rq.body == nil {
 		return true
 	}
 
 	_ = rq.rc.SetReadDeadline(rq.requestDeadline())
-	held, err := io.ReadAll(io.LimitReader(rq.body, discriminator.QuestionBodyMaxBytes))
+	held, err := io.ReadAll(io.LimitReader(rq.body, waf.QuestionBodyMaxBytes))
 	// From here on, the request timer ends a read of the rest of the body, so that
 	// the answer can name the side rproxy was waiting on.
 	_ = rq.rc.SetReadDeadline(time.Time{})
@@ -198,9 +198,9 @@ func (rq *request) forward(ctx context.Context) {
 }
 
 // rewrite makes the request the app receives: the visitor's request, unchanged,
-// sent to SWRP_UPSTREAM_URL, with the forwarded headers and the request's id set,
+// sent to SWW_RPROXY_UPSTREAM_URL, with the forwarded headers and the request's id set,
 // without any X-Client-ASN or X-Client-Country the visitor sent, and with
-// discriminator's.
+// waf's.
 func (rq *request) rewrite(pr *httputil.ProxyRequest) {
 	upstream := rq.h.config.UpstreamURL
 	pr.Out.URL.Scheme = upstream.Scheme
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ func (rq *request) modifyResponse(res *http.Response) error {
 
 	requestEnd := rq.endRequest()
 
-	// An answer that arrives once SWRP_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS has run out is not
+	// An answer that arrives once SWW_RPROXY_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS has run out is not
 	// passed on: the visitor is answered 504.
 	limit := rq.h.config.MaxResponseTime
 	if limit > 0 && !time.Now().Before(requestEnd.Add(limit)) {
@@ -272,6 +272,10 @@ func (rq *request) modifyResponse(res *http.Response) error {
 
 	rq.closeAfterAnswer()
 
+	// An answer that arrives before the app has been sent the whole request ends
+	// the request, and SWW_RPROXY_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS starts.
+	rq.startResponseTimer(requestEnd)
+
 	res.Body = &responseBody{body: limitBody(res.Body, maxBytes), rq: rq}
 	rq.out.afterStatus = rq.setResponseDeadline
 
@@ -333,7 +337,7 @@ func (rq *request) answer(status int) {
 // handler has returned, after finish has written the log line and sent the report.
 // Without Content-Length, the flush would send the body in chunks, the last of
 // which would still wait for the handler. A HEAD's answer has no body, so any
-// Content-Length it has stays as discriminator gave it.
+// Content-Length it has stays as waf gave it.
 func (rq *request) send(status int, body []byte) {
 	if rq.in.Method != http.MethodHead {
 		rq.out.Header().Set("Content-Length", strconv.Itoa(len(body)))
@@ -357,7 +361,7 @@ func (rq *request) closeAfterAnswer() {
 
 // prepareOwnAnswer readies the connection for an answer rproxy gives itself: the
 // reading of a body that has not arrived whole ends at deadline, and the answer
-// has SWRP_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS from now to reach the visitor, even when the app
+// has SWW_RPROXY_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS from now to reach the visitor, even when the app
 // used that time up first, and at least minSendTime.
 func (rq *request) prepareOwnAnswer(deadline time.Time) {
 	rq.stopReadingBody(deadline)
@@ -379,13 +383,28 @@ func (rq *request) refuse(status int) {
 	}
 }
 
-// finish ends the request's time limits, writes its log line and, if discriminator
+// finish ends the request's time limits, writes its log line and, if waf
 // answered the question, sends the report. ctx is the request's own context.
 func (rq *request) finish(ctx context.Context) {
 	rq.stopTimers()
 
-	if rq.refused.Load() == 0 {
-		rq.stopPassingOnBody()
+	// After a cut-off answer, the reading of a body that has not arrived whole
+	// ends now. Go's server would otherwise keep the connection open while it
+	// reads the rest. modifyResponse sets afterStatus only when it passes the
+	// app's answer on. Any refusal after that has cut the answer off, since a
+	// refusal ends the request to the app. Any answer is cut off when the time to
+	// send it runs out: a flush then fails, and every flush after a failed one
+	// fails too. ReverseProxy ignores the failure, but panics if it was still
+	// waiting for more of the app's answer; finish runs either way. Before a
+	// status, a flush would send a 200; after a 101, ReverseProxy has taken over
+	// the connection.
+	switch {
+	case rq.out.afterStatus != nil && rq.refused.Load() != 0,
+		rq.out.status != 0 && rq.out.status != http.StatusSwitchingProtocols &&
+			errors.Is(rq.rc.Flush(), os.ErrDeadlineExceeded):
+		rq.stopPassingOnBody(time.Now())
+	case rq.refused.Load() == 0:
+		rq.stopPassingOnBody(rq.requestDeadline())
 	}
 
 	requestEnd := rq.endRequest()
@@ -416,7 +435,7 @@ func (rq *request) finish(ctx context.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	report := &discriminator.Report{
+	report := &waf.Report{
 		RequestID:       rq.id,
 		Status:          min(rq.out.status, reportStatusMax),
 		RequestBytes:    requestBytes,
@@ -451,7 +470,7 @@ func (rq *request) bytesEachWay() (int64, int64) {
 }
 
 // requestDeadline is when the visitor must have sent its whole request, or zero
-// when SWRP_MAX_REQUEST_TIME_MS is off.
+// when SWW_RPROXY_MAX_REQUEST_TIME_MS is off.
 func (rq *request) requestDeadline() time.Time {
 	limit := rq.h.config.MaxRequestTime
 	if limit == 0 {
@@ -473,10 +492,10 @@ func (rq *request) stopReadingBody(deadline time.Time) {
 }
 
 // stopPassingOnBody ends the transport's reading of a visitor's body that has
-// not arrived whole, and lets Go's server read the rest until
-// SWRP_MAX_REQUEST_TIME_MS runs out. Go's server reads it once the handler
-// returns, but with no deadline at all if another read of it is still waiting.
-func (rq *request) stopPassingOnBody() {
+// not arrived whole, and lets Go's server read the rest until deadline. Go's
+// server reads it once the handler returns, but with no deadline at all if
+// another read of it is still waiting.
+func (rq *request) stopPassingOnBody(deadline time.Time) {
 	if rq.body == nil || rq.body.received.Load() {
 		return
 	}
@@ -489,10 +508,10 @@ func (rq *request) stopPassingOnBody() {
 	rq.body.stopped = true
 	rq.body.mu.Unlock()
 
-	rq.stopReadingBody(rq.requestDeadline())
+	rq.stopReadingBody(deadline)
 }
 
-// startRequestTimer starts SWRP_MAX_REQUEST_TIME_MS, which runs from the
+// startRequestTimer starts SWW_RPROXY_MAX_REQUEST_TIME_MS, which runs from the
 // request's headers being read until the app has been sent the whole request.
 func (rq *request) startRequestTimer() {
 	deadline := rq.requestDeadline()
@@ -506,7 +525,7 @@ func (rq *request) startRequestTimer() {
 	rq.requestTimer = time.AfterFunc(time.Until(deadline), rq.requestTimedOut)
 }
 
-// requestTimedOut is called when SWRP_MAX_REQUEST_TIME_MS runs out while the
+// requestTimedOut is called when SWW_RPROXY_MAX_REQUEST_TIME_MS runs out while the
 // request is still on its way to the app. The answer names the side rproxy was
 // waiting on at that moment: 408 when it was waiting for the visitor to send more
 // of its body, 504 when it was waiting for the app to be reached or to take what
@@ -533,7 +552,7 @@ func (rq *request) requestTimedOut() {
 }
 
 // wroteRequest is called once the app has been sent the whole request:
-// SWRP_MAX_REQUEST_TIME_MS ends and SWRP_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS starts.
+// SWW_RPROXY_MAX_REQUEST_TIME_MS ends and SWW_RPROXY_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS starts.
 func (rq *request) wroteRequest(info httptrace.WroteRequestInfo) {
 	if info.Err != nil {
 		return // the transport gives up, or tries again
@@ -542,22 +561,32 @@ func (rq *request) wroteRequest(info httptrace.WroteRequestInfo) {
 	requestEnd := rq.endRequest()
 
 	rq.mu.Lock()
-	defer rq.mu.Unlock()
+	stopTimer(rq.requestTimer)
+	rq.mu.Unlock()
 
-	if rq.timersStopped {
+	rq.startResponseTimer(requestEnd)
+}
+
+// startResponseTimer starts SWW_RPROXY_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS, which runs from
+// requestEnd, unless it has started already.
+func (rq *request) startResponseTimer(requestEnd time.Time) {
+	limit := rq.h.config.MaxResponseTime
+	if limit == 0 {
 		return
 	}
 
-	stopTimer(rq.requestTimer)
+	rq.mu.Lock()
+	defer rq.mu.Unlock()
 
-	limit := rq.h.config.MaxResponseTime
-	if limit > 0 {
-		rq.responseTimer = time.AfterFunc(time.Until(requestEnd.Add(limit)),
-			rq.responseTimedOut)
+	if rq.timersStopped || rq.responseTimer != nil {
+		return
 	}
+
+	rq.responseTimer = time.AfterFunc(time.Until(requestEnd.Add(limit)),
+		rq.responseTimedOut)
 }
 
-// responseTimedOut is called when SWRP_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS runs out before the
+// responseTimedOut is called when SWW_RPROXY_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS runs out before the
 // app has sent its whole answer.
 func (rq *request) responseTimedOut() {
 	rq.mu.Lock()
@@ -575,7 +604,7 @@ func (rq *request) responseReceived() {
 
 // setResponseDeadline sends the status and headers of the app's answer, with
 // at least minSendTime, before ReverseProxy reads the answer's body, and then
-// the rest has until SWRP_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS after the end of the request.
+// the rest has until SWW_RPROXY_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS after the end of the request.
 func (rq *request) setResponseDeadline() {
 	limit := rq.h.config.MaxResponseTime
 	if limit == 0 {

internal/rproxy/rproxy.go

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-// Package rproxy is the reverse proxy in front of one app that asks discriminator
-// about each request. It passes a request discriminator allows to the app and the
+// Package rproxy is the reverse proxy in front of one app that asks waf
+// about each request. It passes a request waf allows to the app and the
 // app's answer back, within the size and time limits. Any other answer from
-// discriminator goes to the visitor as discriminator gave it. SWRP_DEFAULT_DISPOSITION
-// decides only when discriminator cannot be connected to, does not answer at all, or
-// does not answer within SWRP_TIMEOUT_MS. rproxy itself refuses a request with a
-// method it does not pass on, or one it cannot put to discriminator as the visitor
-// sent it. It keeps nothing between requests and never touches disk. "rproxy" in
+// waf goes to the visitor as waf gave it. SWW_RPROXY_DEFAULT_DISPOSITION
+// decides only when waf cannot be connected to, does not answer at all, or
+// does not answer within SWW_RPROXY_TIMEOUT_MS. rproxy itself refuses a request with a
+// method it does not pass on, or one it cannot put to waf as the visitor
+// sent it. It keeps nothing between requests and writes nothing to disk. "rproxy" in
 // SPEC.md says what it does.
 package rproxy
 
@@ -22,10 +22,10 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/config"
-	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/discriminator"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/waf"
 )
 
-// How rproxy keeps connections to the app and to discriminator open between
+// How rproxy keeps connections to the app and to waf open between
 // requests.
 const (
 	idleConns       = 100
@@ -73,21 +73,21 @@ type Server struct {
 
 // New returns the server `sww rproxy` runs. Go's server itself refuses
 // a request line and headers over requestHeaderMaxBytes, with 431, closes a
-// connection idle for idleTimeout, and applies SWRP_MAX_REQUEST_TIME_MS while
+// connection idle for idleTimeout, and applies SWW_RPROXY_MAX_REQUEST_TIME_MS while
 // the headers arrive. The handler applies the time and size limits from then
 // on.
 func New(params Params) *Server {
 	backend := params.Config.WAFBackend
 	errorLog := slog.NewLogLogger(params.ProcessLog.Handler(), slog.LevelWarn)
 	h := &handler{
-		config:                 params.Config,
-		requestLog:             params.RequestLog,
-		processLog:             params.ProcessLog,
-		errorLog:               errorLog,
-		transport:              newTransport(),
-		discriminatorTransport: newDiscriminatorTransport(),
+		config:       params.Config,
+		requestLog:   params.RequestLog,
+		processLog:   params.ProcessLog,
+		errorLog:     errorLog,
+		transport:    newTransport(),
+		wafTransport: newWAFTransport(),
 		reportURL: (&url.URL{
-			Scheme: backend.Scheme, Host: backend.Host, Path: discriminator.ReportPath,
+			Scheme: backend.Scheme, Host: backend.Host, Path: waf.ReportPath,
 		}).String(),
 	}
 
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ func New(params Params) *Server {
 }
 
 // WaitForReports returns once the reports being sent have gone or failed,
-// which SWRP_TIMEOUT_MS bounds. Any report after this call is dropped: that of
+// which SWW_RPROXY_TIMEOUT_MS bounds. Any report after this call is dropped: that of
 // a WebSocket that closes while rproxy stops, for one.
 func (s *Server) WaitForReports() {
 	s.h.reportsMu.Lock()
@@ -122,10 +122,10 @@ type handler struct {
 	requestLog io.Writer
 	processLog *slog.Logger
 	errorLog   *log.Logger
-	// transport carries requests to the app, and discriminatorTransport questions and
-	// reports to discriminator.
-	transport              http.RoundTripper
-	discriminatorTransport http.RoundTripper
+	// transport carries requests to the app, and wafTransport questions and
+	// reports to waf.
+	transport    http.RoundTripper
+	wafTransport http.RoundTripper
 	// reportURL is where the reports go.
 	reportURL string
 	// reports waits for the reports being sent. reportsMu guards starting one
@@ -147,11 +147,11 @@ func newTransport() *http.Transport {
 	}
 }
 
-// newDiscriminatorTransport returns what carries questions and reports to
-// discriminator. It speaks HTTP/1.1 only. Go's HTTP/2 client refuses to send
+// newWAFTransport returns what carries questions and reports to
+// waf. It speaks HTTP/1.1 only. Go's HTTP/2 client refuses to send
 // a visitor's Upgrade header, or a Connection header other than close or
-// keep-alive, and that would read as discriminator giving no answer.
-func newDiscriminatorTransport() *http.Transport {
+// keep-alive, and that would read as waf giving no answer.
+func newWAFTransport() *http.Transport {
 	transport := newTransport()
 	transport.Protocols = new(http.Protocols)
 	transport.Protocols.SetHTTP1(true)
@@ -160,15 +160,15 @@ func newDiscriminatorTransport() *http.Transport {
 }
 
 // ServeHTTP handles one request: it answers the health check itself, refuses a
-// request with a method it does not pass on or one it cannot put to discriminator as
+// request with a method it does not pass on or one it cannot put to waf as
 // the visitor sent it, and for any other request reads the first part of the
-// body, asks discriminator, and does what the answer says. Once the answer has ended,
+// body, asks waf, and does what the answer says. Once the answer has ended,
 // it writes the request's log line and sends its report.
 func (h *handler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	rq := h.newRequest(w, r)
 	defer rq.finish(r.Context())
 
-	if r.Method == http.MethodGet && r.URL.Path == discriminator.HealthPath {
+	if r.Method == http.MethodGet && r.URL.Path == waf.HealthPath {
 		rq.answerHealth()
 
 		return
@@ -201,9 +201,9 @@ func (h *handler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	rq.noteAnswer(answer)
 
 	switch rq.disposition {
-	case discriminator.DispositionAllow:
+	case waf.DispositionAllow:
 		rq.passToApp(r.Context())
-	case discriminator.DispositionClose:
+	case waf.DispositionClose:
 		// This panic has Go's server close the connection without an answer,
 		// and log nothing; the deferred finish still runs.
 		panic(http.ErrAbortHandler)
@@ -213,9 +213,9 @@ func (h *handler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 }
 
 // passToApp passes the request on to the app, unless a limit or its path keeps
-// it from the app. discriminator answers a path under ownEndpointPrefix itself, so
-// such a request gets here only when SWRP_DEFAULT_DISPOSITION allowed it. ctx is the
-// request's own context.
+// it from the app. waf answers a path under ownEndpointPrefix itself, so
+// such a request gets here only when SWW_RPROXY_DEFAULT_DISPOSITION allowed it.
+// ctx is the request's own context.
 func (rq *request) passToApp(ctx context.Context) {
 	maxBytes := rq.h.config.MaxRequestSize
 

internal/rproxy/rproxy_test.go

@@ -19,9 +19,10 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/config"
-	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/discriminator"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/config/configtest"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/requestlog"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/rproxy"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/waf"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -43,38 +44,38 @@ const (
 
 // The settings the tests set.
 const (
-	timeoutSetting     = "SWRP_TIMEOUT_MS"
-	defaultDisposition = "SWRP_DEFAULT_DISPOSITION"
-	trustedProxies     = "SWRP_TRUSTED_PROXIES"
-	maxRequestSize     = "SWRP_MAX_REQUEST_SIZE"
-	maxResponseSize    = "SWRP_MAX_RESPONSE_SIZE"
-	maxRequestTime     = "SWRP_MAX_REQUEST_TIME_MS"
-	maxResponseTime    = "SWRP_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS"
+	timeoutSetting     = "SWW_RPROXY_TIMEOUT_MS"
+	defaultDisposition = "SWW_RPROXY_DEFAULT_DISPOSITION"
+	trustedProxies     = "SWW_RPROXY_TRUSTED_PROXIES"
+	maxRequestSize     = "SWW_RPROXY_MAX_REQUEST_SIZE"
+	maxResponseSize    = "SWW_RPROXY_MAX_RESPONSE_SIZE"
+	maxRequestTime     = "SWW_RPROXY_MAX_REQUEST_TIME_MS"
+	maxResponseTime    = "SWW_RPROXY_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS"
 )
 
 // The headers the tests set and look at.
 const (
-	dispositionHeader    = discriminator.DispositionHeader
+	dispositionHeader    = waf.DispositionHeader
 	forwardedForHeader   = "X-Forwarded-For"
 	forwardedProtoHeader = "X-Forwarded-Proto"
 	requestIDHeader      = "X-Request-ID"
 	asnHeader            = "X-Client-Asn"
 	countryHeader        = "X-Client-Country"
 	contentLengthHeader  = "Content-Length"
-	// fromDiscriminatorHeader is a header the stand-in for discriminator adds to a deny.
-	fromDiscriminatorHeader = "X-From-Discriminator"
+	// fromWAFHeader is a header the stand-in for waf adds to a deny.
+	fromWAFHeader = "X-From-Waf"
 	// addedHeaderValue is the value of a header a test adds to an answer, to see it
 	// reach the visitor.
 	addedHeaderValue = "yes"
 )
 
-// What the stand-in for discriminator answers.
+// What the stand-in for waf answers.
 const (
-	dispositionAllow = discriminator.DispositionAllow
-	dispositionDeny  = discriminator.DispositionDeny
-	dispositionClose = discriminator.DispositionClose
+	dispositionAllow = waf.DispositionAllow
+	dispositionDeny  = waf.DispositionDeny
+	dispositionClose = waf.DispositionClose
 	// deniedBody is the body of a deny.
-	deniedBody = "refused by discriminator"
+	deniedBody = "refused by waf"
 )
 
 // output collects what rproxy writes on stdout.
@@ -158,7 +159,7 @@ func (l heldLog) Write(p []byte) (int, error) {
 	return len(p), nil
 }
 
-// question is what the stand-in for discriminator received as a question.
+// question is what the stand-in for waf received as a question.
 type question struct {
 	method, target, host string
 	header               http.Header
@@ -167,26 +168,26 @@ type question struct {
 	transferEncoding     []string
 }
 
-// Discriminator is a stand-in for discriminator that answers each question as
+// WAF is a stand-in for waf that answers each question as
 // answer does, and keeps the questions and the reports it gets.
-type Discriminator struct {
+type WAF struct {
 	*httptest.Server
 
 	questions chan question
-	reports   chan discriminator.Report
+	reports   chan waf.Report
 }
 
-// startDiscriminator starts a stand-in for discriminator.
-func startDiscriminator(t *testing.T, answer http.HandlerFunc) *Discriminator {
+// startWAF starts a stand-in for waf.
+func startWAF(t *testing.T, answer http.HandlerFunc) *WAF {
 	t.Helper()
 
-	s := &Discriminator{
+	s := &WAF{
 		questions: make(chan question, 10),
-		reports:   make(chan discriminator.Report, 10),
+		reports:   make(chan waf.Report, 10),
 	}
 	s.Server = httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(
 		func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-			if r.Header.Get(discriminator.ClientHeader) == "" {
+			if r.Header.Get(waf.ClientHeader) == "" {
 				s.takeReport(t, w, r)
 
 				return
@@ -209,17 +210,17 @@ func startDiscriminator(t *testing.T, answer http.HandlerFunc) *Discriminator {
 	return s
 }
 
-// takeReport keeps a report and answers it as discriminator does.
-func (s *Discriminator) takeReport(
+// takeReport keeps a report and answers it as waf does.
+func (s *WAF) takeReport(
 	t *testing.T, w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request,
 ) {
 	t.Helper()
 
-	var report discriminator.Report
+	var report waf.Report
 
 	err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&report)
 	if err != nil || r.Method != http.MethodPost ||
-		r.URL.Path != discriminator.ReportPath {
+		r.URL.Path != waf.ReportPath {
 		t.Errorf("%s %s is no report: %v", r.Method, r.URL.Path, err)
 	}
 
@@ -229,7 +230,7 @@ func (s *Discriminator) takeReport(
 }
 
 // wantNoReport checks that no report comes for a moment.
-func (s *Discriminator) wantNoReport(t *testing.T) {
+func (s *WAF) wantNoReport(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Helper()
 
 	select {
@@ -240,7 +241,7 @@ func (s *Discriminator) wantNoReport(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 // report waits for a report.
-func (s *Discriminator) report(t *testing.T) discriminator.Report {
+func (s *WAF) report(t *testing.T) waf.Report {
 	t.Helper()
 
 	select {
@@ -249,12 +250,12 @@ func (s *Discriminator) report(t *testing.T) discriminator.Report {
 	case <-time.After(waitLimit):
 		t.Fatal("no report")
 
-		return discriminator.Report{}
+		return waf.Report{}
 	}
 }
 
 // question waits for a question.
-func (s *Discriminator) question(t *testing.T) question {
+func (s *WAF) question(t *testing.T) question {
 	t.Helper()
 
 	select {
@@ -267,17 +268,17 @@ func (s *Discriminator) question(t *testing.T) question {
 	}
 }
 
-// startDiscriminatorAnsweringReports starts a stand-in for discriminator that
+// startWAFAnsweringReports starts a stand-in for waf that
 // answers each question as answer does and each report as report does, and
 // returns its URL.
-func startDiscriminatorAnsweringReports(
+func startWAFAnsweringReports(
 	t *testing.T, answer, report http.HandlerFunc,
 ) string {
 	t.Helper()
 
 	backend := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(
 		func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-			if r.Header.Get(discriminator.ClientHeader) != "" {
+			if r.Header.Get(waf.ClientHeader) != "" {
 				answer(w, r)
 
 				return
@@ -299,7 +300,7 @@ func allow(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
 // deny answers a question with deny, status 403 and a body of its own.
 func deny(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
 	w.Header().Set(dispositionHeader, dispositionDeny)
-	w.Header().Set(fromDiscriminatorHeader, addedHeaderValue)
+	w.Header().Set(fromWAFHeader, addedHeaderValue)
 	w.WriteHeader(http.StatusForbidden)
 	_, _ = io.WriteString(w, deniedBody)
 }
@@ -320,7 +321,7 @@ func greet(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	_, _ = io.WriteString(w, greeting)
 }
 
-// startRProxy starts rproxy with discriminator at backend and the app at appURL, and
+// startRProxy starts rproxy with waf at backend and the app at appURL, and
 // the settings in env on top of the defaults. It returns where rproxy listens
 // and what it writes.
 func startRProxy(
@@ -354,15 +355,11 @@ func startServerLogging(
 	t.Helper()
 
 	settings := map[string]string{
-		"SWRP_WAF_BACKEND": backend, "SWRP_UPSTREAM_URL": appURL,
+		"SWW_RPROXY_WAF_BACKEND": backend, "SWW_RPROXY_UPSTREAM_URL": appURL,
 	}
 	maps.Copy(settings, env)
 
-	cfg, err := config.RProxyFromEnvironment(func(name string) (string, bool) {
-		value, ok := settings[name]
-
-		return value, ok
-	})
+	cfg, err := config.RProxyFromEnvironment(configtest.Viper(settings))
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("settings %v: %v", settings, err)
 	}
@@ -502,7 +499,7 @@ func readStatus(t *testing.T, conn net.Conn) int {
 func TestPassesAnAllowedRequestToTheAppAndItsAnswerBack(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	standIn := startWAF(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		w.Header().Set(asnHeader, "AS64496")
 		w.Header().Set(countryHeader, "DE")
 		allow(w, r)
@@ -559,9 +556,12 @@ func TestAPeerNotTrustedHasItsForwardedHeadersReplaced(t *testing.T) {
 		"X-Forwarded-Port", "X-Forwarded-Server", "X-Forwarded-Uri",
 		"X-Forwarded-Method", "X-Forwarded-Prefix", "X-Forwarded-Tls-Client-Cert",
 		"X-Forwarded-Tls-Client-Cert-Info", "X-Real-Ip",
+		"X-Forwarded-Scheme", "X-Forwarded-Ssl", "X-Forwarded-Protocol",
+		"X-Forwarded-Path", "X-Forwarded-Client-Cert",
+		"X_Forwarded_Ssl", "X_Forwarded_Proto", "X_Real_IP",
 	}
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 	seen := make(chan http.Header, 1)
 	app := startApp(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		seen <- r.Header.Clone()
@@ -582,6 +582,9 @@ func TestAPeerNotTrustedHasItsForwardedHeadersReplaced(t *testing.T) {
 		req.Header.Set(name, "claimed")
 	}
 
+	// A made-up name, sent in lower case.
+	req.Header["x-forwarded-made-up"] = []string{"claimed"}
+
 	wantGreeting(t, visit(t, req))
 
 	header := <-seen
@@ -596,7 +599,7 @@ func TestAPeerNotTrustedHasItsForwardedHeadersReplaced(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 
-	for _, name := range removed {
+	for _, name := range append(removed, "X-Forwarded-Made-Up") {
 		if got := header.Values(name); len(got) != 0 {
 			t.Errorf("the app saw %s %q, want none", name, got)
 		}
@@ -606,7 +609,7 @@ func TestAPeerNotTrustedHasItsForwardedHeadersReplaced(t *testing.T) {
 func TestATrustedProxysForwardedHeadersPassOn(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 	seen := make(chan http.Header, 1)
 	app := startApp(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		seen <- r.Header.Clone()
@@ -622,6 +625,8 @@ func TestATrustedProxysForwardedHeadersPassOn(t *testing.T) {
 		"X-Forwarded-Host":   "public.example",
 		forwardedProtoHeader: "https",
 		"X-Real-Ip":          "198.51.100.1",
+		"X-Forwarded-Ssl":    "on",
+		"X_Forwarded_Ssl":    "on",
 	}
 
 	req := newRequest(t, http.MethodGet, addr, "/", http.NoBody)
@@ -645,7 +650,7 @@ func TestATrustedProxysForwardedHeadersPassOn(t *testing.T) {
 func TestAnAnswerWithoutAContentTypeGetsNone(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 	app := startApp(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
 		w.Header()["Content-Type"] = nil
 		_, _ = io.WriteString(w, "<html>")
@@ -667,19 +672,19 @@ func TestAnAnswerWithoutAContentTypeGetsNone(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestRemovesTheVisitorsLookupHeadersWhenDiscriminatorGivesNone(t *testing.T) {
+func TestRemovesTheVisitorsLookupHeadersWhenWAFGivesNone(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	for _, tc := range []struct {
 		name    string
 		backend func(t *testing.T) string
 	}{
-		{"discriminator allows", func(t *testing.T) string {
+		{"waf allows", func(t *testing.T) string {
 			t.Helper()
 
-			return startDiscriminator(t, allow).URL
+			return startWAF(t, allow).URL
 		}},
-		{"discriminator is down", func(*testing.T) string { return nowhere }},
+		{"waf is down", func(*testing.T) string { return nowhere }},
 	} {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
@@ -705,10 +710,10 @@ func TestRemovesTheVisitorsLookupHeadersWhenDiscriminatorGivesNone(t *testing.T)
 	}
 }
 
-func TestDenyGivesTheVisitorDiscriminatorsAnswer(t *testing.T) {
+func TestDenyGivesTheVisitorWAFsAnswer(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, deny)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, deny)
 	app := startApp(t, func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request) {
 		t.Error("the app was asked")
 	})
@@ -716,8 +721,8 @@ func TestDenyGivesTheVisitorDiscriminatorsAnswer(t *testing.T) {
 
 	got := get(t, addr, "/")
 	if got.status != http.StatusForbidden || got.body != deniedBody ||
-		got.header.Get(fromDiscriminatorHeader) != addedHeaderValue {
-		t.Errorf("answered %+v, want discriminator's answer", got)
+		got.header.Get(fromWAFHeader) != addedHeaderValue {
+		t.Errorf("answered %+v, want waf's answer", got)
 	}
 
 	if len(got.header.Values(dispositionHeader)) != 0 {
@@ -733,21 +738,21 @@ func TestDenyGivesTheVisitorDiscriminatorsAnswer(t *testing.T) {
 
 	line := out.requestLine(t)
 	if line["disposition"] != dispositionDeny || line["default_disposition"] != nil {
-		t.Errorf("line %v, want discriminator's deny", line)
+		t.Errorf("line %v, want waf's deny", line)
 	}
 }
 
-func TestADeniedHeadKeepsDiscriminatorsContentLength(t *testing.T) {
+func TestADeniedHeadKeepsWAFsContentLength(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, deny)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, deny)
 	app := startApp(t, greet)
 	addr, _ := startRProxy(t, standIn.URL, app.URL, nil)
 
 	got := visit(t, newRequest(t, http.MethodHead, addr, "/", http.NoBody))
 	if got.status != http.StatusForbidden ||
 		got.header.Get(contentLengthHeader) != strconv.Itoa(len(deniedBody)) {
-		t.Errorf("answered %+v, want discriminator's 403 and its length", got)
+		t.Errorf("answered %+v, want waf's 403 and its length", got)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -762,13 +767,13 @@ func TestAnAnswerRProxyHoldsWholeIsSentBeforeItsLogLine(t *testing.T) {
 	}{
 		{"a deny", "GET /" + host, deniedBody, http.StatusForbidden},
 		{"rproxy's own answer", "GET x:admin" + host, "Bad Request\n", http.StatusBadRequest},
-		{"the health check", "GET " + discriminator.HealthPath + host, "ok\n", http.StatusOK},
+		{"the health check", "GET " + waf.HealthPath + host, "ok\n", http.StatusOK},
 	} {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
 
 			log := heldLog{release: make(chan struct{})}
-			standIn := startDiscriminator(t, deny)
+			standIn := startWAF(t, deny)
 			app := startApp(t, greet)
 			addr, _ := startServerLogging(t, standIn.URL, app.URL, nil, log, io.Discard)
 
@@ -798,7 +803,7 @@ func TestAnAnswerRProxyHoldsWholeIsSentBeforeItsLogLine(t *testing.T) {
 func TestRProxysOwnAnswerIsPlainText(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 	app := startApp(t, greet)
 	addr, _ := startRProxy(t, standIn.URL, app.URL, nil)
 
@@ -821,7 +826,7 @@ func TestRProxysOwnAnswerIsPlainText(t *testing.T) {
 func TestCloseClosesTheConnectionWithoutAnAnswer(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
+	standIn := startWAF(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
 		w.Header().Set(dispositionHeader, dispositionClose)
 		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
 	})
@@ -853,7 +858,7 @@ func TestCloseClosesTheConnectionWithoutAnAnswer(t *testing.T) {
 func TestALineForARequestClosedWithoutAnAnswerHasNoNegativeTime(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	backend := startDiscriminatorAnsweringReports(t,
+	backend := startWAFAnsweringReports(t,
 		func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
 			w.Header().Set(dispositionHeader, dispositionClose)
 		},
@@ -878,17 +883,17 @@ func TestALineForARequestClosedWithoutAnAnswerHasNoNegativeTime(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-// answeringWith returns what starts a stand-in for discriminator that answers each
+// answeringWith returns what starts a stand-in for waf that answers each
 // question as answer does, and returns its URL.
 func answeringWith(answer http.HandlerFunc) func(t *testing.T) string {
 	return func(t *testing.T) string {
 		t.Helper()
 
-		return startDiscriminator(t, answer).URL
+		return startWAF(t, answer).URL
 	}
 }
 
-// noAnswers are the ways discriminator can leave the decision to the default.
+// noAnswers are the ways waf can leave the decision to the default.
 func noAnswers() map[string]func(t *testing.T) string {
 	return map[string]func(t *testing.T) string{
 		"no connection": func(*testing.T) string { return nowhere },
@@ -920,7 +925,7 @@ func noAnswers() map[string]func(t *testing.T) string {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestAnAnswerOtherThanAllowGoesToTheVisitorAsDiscriminatorGaveIt(t *testing.T) {
+func TestAnAnswerOtherThanAllowGoesToTheVisitorAsWAFGaveIt(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	for _, tc := range []struct {
@@ -929,7 +934,7 @@ func TestAnAnswerOtherThanAllowGoesToTheVisitorAsDiscriminatorGaveIt(t *testing.
 	}{
 		{"a refusal", dispositionDeny, deniedBody, http.StatusForbidden},
 		{"a refusal, 429", dispositionDeny, deniedBody, http.StatusTooManyRequests},
-		{"discriminator's 400", "", "refused\n", http.StatusBadRequest},
+		{"waf's 400", "", "refused\n", http.StatusBadRequest},
 		{"a 500", "", "broken\n", http.StatusInternalServerError},
 		{"a 503 denied", dispositionDeny, "busy\n", http.StatusServiceUnavailable},
 		{"no header", "", "who knows\n", http.StatusOK},
@@ -939,12 +944,12 @@ func TestAnAnswerOtherThanAllowGoesToTheVisitorAsDiscriminatorGaveIt(t *testing.
 			t.Run(tc.name+" with the default "+setting, func(t *testing.T) {
 				t.Parallel()
 
-				standIn := startDiscriminator(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
+				standIn := startWAF(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
 					if tc.disposition != "" {
 						w.Header().Set(dispositionHeader, tc.disposition)
 					}
 
-					w.Header().Set(fromDiscriminatorHeader, addedHeaderValue)
+					w.Header().Set(fromWAFHeader, addedHeaderValue)
 					w.WriteHeader(tc.status)
 					_, _ = io.WriteString(w, tc.body)
 				})
@@ -957,8 +962,8 @@ func TestAnAnswerOtherThanAllowGoesToTheVisitorAsDiscriminatorGaveIt(t *testing.
 
 				got := get(t, addr, "/")
 				if got.status != tc.status || got.body != tc.body ||
-					got.header.Get(fromDiscriminatorHeader) != addedHeaderValue {
-					t.Errorf("answered %+v, want discriminator's answer", got)
+					got.header.Get(fromWAFHeader) != addedHeaderValue {
+					t.Errorf("answered %+v, want waf's answer", got)
 				}
 
 				if len(got.header.Values(dispositionHeader)) != 0 {
@@ -970,8 +975,8 @@ func TestAnAnswerOtherThanAllowGoesToTheVisitorAsDiscriminatorGaveIt(t *testing.
 					t.Errorf("line %v, want status %d and no default", line, tc.status)
 				}
 
-				if out.has("discriminator gave no answer") {
-					t.Error("rproxy warned that discriminator gave no answer")
+				if out.has("waf gave no answer") {
+					t.Error("rproxy warned that waf gave no answer")
 				}
 			})
 		}
@@ -981,14 +986,14 @@ func TestAnAnswerOtherThanAllowGoesToTheVisitorAsDiscriminatorGaveIt(t *testing.
 func TestAnAnswerWithoutAValidDispositionGetsNoReport(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
+	standIn := startWAF(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
 		http.Error(w, "refused", http.StatusBadRequest)
 	})
 	app := startApp(t, greet)
 	addr, out := startRProxy(t, standIn.URL, app.URL, nil)
 
 	if got := get(t, addr, "/"); got.status != http.StatusBadRequest {
-		t.Errorf("answered %+v, want discriminator's 400", got)
+		t.Errorf("answered %+v, want waf's 400", got)
 	}
 
 	if line := out.requestLine(t); line["disposition"] != nil {
@@ -1001,7 +1006,7 @@ func TestAnAnswerWithoutAValidDispositionGetsNoReport(t *testing.T) {
 func TestAnAnswerWithoutAContentTypeGoesToTheVisitorWithNone(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
+	standIn := startWAF(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
 		w.Header()["Content-Type"] = nil
 		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusInternalServerError)
 		_, _ = io.WriteString(w, "<html>broken")
@@ -1019,23 +1024,25 @@ func TestAnAnswerOf1MiBGoesToTheVisitor(t *testing.T) {
 
 	const size = 1 << 20
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
+	standIn := startWAF(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
 		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusInternalServerError)
 		_, _ = w.Write(make([]byte, size))
 	})
-	addr, _ := startRProxy(t, standIn.URL, nowhere, nil)
+	addr, _ := startRProxy(t, standIn.URL, nowhere, map[string]string{
+		timeoutSetting: "60000",
+	})
 
 	got := get(t, addr, "/")
 	if got.status != http.StatusInternalServerError || len(got.body) != size {
-		t.Errorf("answered %d with %d bytes, want discriminator's 500 with %d",
+		t.Errorf("answered %d with %d bytes, want waf's 500 with %d",
 			got.status, len(got.body), size)
 	}
 }
 
-// startDiscriminatorWriting starts a stand-in for discriminator that reads
+// startWAFWriting starts a stand-in for waf that reads
 // each question and answers it with text, as it is, and returns its URL. It
 // can send what Go's server would not.
-func startDiscriminatorWriting(t *testing.T, text string) string {
+func startWAFWriting(t *testing.T, text string) string {
 	t.Helper()
 
 	listener, err := (&net.ListenConfig{}).Listen(t.Context(), "tcp", localhost+":0")
@@ -1105,7 +1112,7 @@ func TestAnAnswerThatCannotBePassedOnIsAnswered502(t *testing.T) {
 		"a status below 100": func(t *testing.T) string {
 			t.Helper()
 
-			return startDiscriminatorWriting(t, "HTTP/1.1 099 Odd\r\nContent-Length: 0\r\n\r\n")
+			return startWAFWriting(t, "HTTP/1.1 099 Odd\r\nContent-Length: 0\r\n\r\n")
 		},
 		"a 101 that holds its connection open": answeringWith(switchAndHold),
 	} {
@@ -1117,6 +1124,7 @@ func TestAnAnswerThatCannotBePassedOnIsAnswered502(t *testing.T) {
 					t.Error("the app was asked")
 				})
 				addr, out := startRProxy(t, backend(t), app.URL, map[string]string{
+					timeoutSetting:     "60000",
 					defaultDisposition: setting,
 				})
 
@@ -1130,7 +1138,7 @@ func TestAnAnswerThatCannotBePassedOnIsAnswered502(t *testing.T) {
 					t.Errorf("line %v, want status 502 and no disposition", line)
 				}
 
-				out.waitFor(t, "discriminator's answer is dropped")
+				out.waitFor(t, "waf's answer is dropped")
 			})
 		}
 	}
@@ -1139,8 +1147,10 @@ func TestAnAnswerThatCannotBePassedOnIsAnswered502(t *testing.T) {
 func TestAnAnswerThatCannotBePassedOnGetsNoReport(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, overOneMiB(dispositionDeny))
-	addr, out := startRProxy(t, standIn.URL, nowhere, nil)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, overOneMiB(dispositionDeny))
+	addr, out := startRProxy(t, standIn.URL, nowhere, map[string]string{
+		timeoutSetting: "60000",
+	})
 
 	if got := get(t, addr, "/"); got.status != http.StatusBadGateway {
 		t.Errorf("answered %+v, want 502", got)
@@ -1196,14 +1206,14 @@ func TestWithoutAnAnswerTheDefaultDispositionDecides(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestAVisitorThatGoesAwayWhileDiscriminatorIsAskedGetsNoDefault(t *testing.T) {
+func TestAVisitorThatGoesAwayWhileWAFIsAskedGetsNoDefault(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	for _, disposition := range []string{dispositionAllow, dispositionDeny} {
 		t.Run("with the default "+disposition, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
 
-			standIn := startDiscriminator(t, func(_ http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+			standIn := startWAF(t, func(_ http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 				<-r.Context().Done()
 			})
 			app := startApp(t, func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request) {
@@ -1226,8 +1236,8 @@ func TestAVisitorThatGoesAwayWhileDiscriminatorIsAskedGetsNoDefault(t *testing.T
 				t.Errorf("line %v, want status 0 and no disposition", line)
 			}
 
-			if out.has("discriminator gave no answer") {
-				t.Error("rproxy warned that discriminator gave no answer")
+			if out.has("waf gave no answer") {
+				t.Error("rproxy warned that waf gave no answer")
 			}
 
 			standIn.wantNoReport(t)
@@ -1242,13 +1252,13 @@ func TestRProxyWarnsWhenTheDefaultDecides(t *testing.T) {
 	addr, out := startRProxy(t, nowhere, app.URL, nil)
 
 	wantGreeting(t, get(t, addr, "/"))
-	out.waitFor(t, "discriminator gave no answer")
+	out.waitFor(t, "waf gave no answer")
 }
 
 func TestSendsNoReportWithoutAnAnswer(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, func(_ http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	standIn := startWAF(t, func(_ http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		<-r.Context().Done()
 	})
 	app := startApp(t, greet)
@@ -1275,29 +1285,29 @@ func TestAPathUnderOwnPrefixNeverReachesTheApp(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestHealthCheckIsAnsweredWhileDiscriminatorIsDown(t *testing.T) {
+func TestHealthCheckIsAnsweredWhileWAFIsDown(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 	app := startApp(t, greet)
 	addr, out := startRProxy(t, nowhere, app.URL, nil)
 
-	got := get(t, addr, discriminator.HealthPath)
+	got := get(t, addr, waf.HealthPath)
 	if got.status != http.StatusOK || got.body != "ok\n" {
 		t.Errorf("answered %+v, want ok", got)
 	}
 
 	line := out.requestLine(t)
-	if line["path"] != discriminator.HealthPath || line["disposition"] != nil {
+	if line["path"] != waf.HealthPath || line["disposition"] != nil {
 		t.Errorf("line %v, want one with no disposition", line)
 	}
 
-	// With discriminator up too, it is not asked.
+	// With waf up too, it is not asked.
 	addr, _ = startRProxy(t, standIn.URL, app.URL, nil)
-	get(t, addr, discriminator.HealthPath)
+	get(t, addr, waf.HealthPath)
 
 	if len(standIn.questions) != 0 {
-		t.Error("discriminator was asked about the health check")
+		t.Error("waf was asked about the health check")
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1305,7 +1315,7 @@ func TestTheVisitorDoesNotWaitForTheReport(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	release := make(chan struct{})
-	backend := startDiscriminatorAnsweringReports(t, deny,
+	backend := startWAFAnsweringReports(t, deny,
 		func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 			select {
 			case <-release:
@@ -1340,16 +1350,16 @@ func TestTheVisitorDoesNotWaitForTheReport(t *testing.T) {
 		_ = res.Body.Close()
 
 		if res.StatusCode != http.StatusForbidden {
-			t.Errorf("status %d, want discriminator's 403", res.StatusCode)
+			t.Errorf("status %d, want waf's 403", res.StatusCode)
 		}
 	}
 }
 
-func TestAReportDiscriminatorLeavesUnansweredIsDroppedAtTheTimeLimit(t *testing.T) {
+func TestAReportWAFLeavesUnansweredIsDroppedAtTheTimeLimit(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	release := make(chan struct{})
-	backend := startDiscriminatorAnsweringReports(t, allow,
+	backend := startWAFAnsweringReports(t, allow,
 		func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
 			<-release
 
@@ -1369,10 +1379,10 @@ func TestAReportDiscriminatorLeavesUnansweredIsDroppedAtTheTimeLimit(t *testing.
 	out.waitFor(t, "a report is dropped")
 }
 
-func TestAReportDiscriminatorRefusesIsDroppedWithAWarning(t *testing.T) {
+func TestAReportWAFRefusesIsDroppedWithAWarning(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	backend := startDiscriminatorAnsweringReports(t, allow,
+	backend := startWAFAnsweringReports(t, allow,
 		func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
 			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusBadRequest)
 		})
@@ -1387,7 +1397,7 @@ func TestAReportDiscriminatorRefusesIsDroppedWithAWarning(t *testing.T) {
 func TestAReportAnswered101IsDroppedAtOnce(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	backend := startDiscriminatorAnsweringReports(t, allow, switchAndHold)
+	backend := startWAFAnsweringReports(t, allow, switchAndHold)
 	app := startApp(t, greet)
 	addr, out := startRProxy(t, backend, app.URL, map[string]string{
 		timeoutSetting: "60000",
@@ -1400,7 +1410,7 @@ func TestAReportAnswered101IsDroppedAtOnce(t *testing.T) {
 func TestAReportDueAfterWaitForReportsIsDropped(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 	app := startApp(t, greet)
 	addr, out, server := startServer(t, standIn.URL, app.URL, nil)
 
@@ -1416,7 +1426,7 @@ func TestReportGivesWhatHappened(t *testing.T) {
 
 	const body = "the visitor's body"
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 	app := startApp(t, greet)
 	addr, out := startRProxy(t, standIn.URL, app.URL, nil)
 
@@ -1446,7 +1456,7 @@ func TestWaitForReportsWaitsForAReportBeingSent(t *testing.T) {
 	release := make(chan struct{})
 	backend := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(
 		func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-			if r.Header.Get(discriminator.ClientHeader) != "" {
+			if r.Header.Get(waf.ClientHeader) != "" {
 				allow(w, r)
 
 				return
@@ -1501,7 +1511,7 @@ func TestWaitForReportsWaitsForAReportBeingSent(t *testing.T) {
 func TestReportOfAWebSocketCountsWhatItCarried(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 	app := startApp(t, echoAfterUpgrade)
 	addr, out := startRProxy(t, standIn.URL, app.URL, map[string]string{
 		maxRequestTime:  "2000",
@@ -1556,7 +1566,7 @@ func TestAWebSocketPassesOnThatTheVisitorStoppedSending(t *testing.T) {
 
 	const goodbye = "sent after the visitor stopped sending\n"
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 	app := startApp(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
 		conn, buffered, err := http.NewResponseController(w).Hijack()
 		if err != nil {
@@ -1614,7 +1624,7 @@ func TestAWebSocketPassesOnThatTheVisitorStoppedSending(t *testing.T) {
 //nolint:paralleltest // see above
 func TestASwitchNotPassedOnClosesTheAppsConnection(t *testing.T) {
 	closed := make(chan error, 1)
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 	app := startApp(t, func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
 		conn, buffered, err := http.NewResponseController(w).Hijack()
 		if err != nil {
@@ -1685,7 +1695,7 @@ func TestEachRequestGetsAFreshID(t *testing.T) {
 
 	const fromTraefik = "an-id-from-traefik"
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 	app := startApp(t, greet)
 	addr, _ := startRProxy(t, standIn.URL, app.URL, map[string]string{
 		trustedProxies: localhost + "/32",
@@ -1715,7 +1725,7 @@ func TestLogLineGivesTheRequestAsSent(t *testing.T) {
 		body  = "the visitor's body"
 	)
 
-	standIn := startDiscriminator(t, allow)
+	standIn := startWAF(t, allow)
 	app := startApp(t, greet)
 	addr, out := startRProxy(t, standIn.URL, app.URL, nil)
 

internal/rproxy/waf.go

@@ -11,15 +11,15 @@ import (
 	"net/http"
 	"strings"
 
-	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/discriminator"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/waf"
 )
 
-// answerBodyMaxBytes is the most of the body of discriminator's answer that is read.
+// answerBodyMaxBytes is the most of the body of waf's answer that is read.
 // It is far above any answer's.
 const answerBodyMaxBytes = 1 << 20
 
 // reportAnswerMaxBytes is the most of the answer to a report that is read,
-// which has no body when discriminator takes the report.
+// which has no body when waf takes the report.
 const reportAnswerMaxBytes = 4 << 10
 
 var (
@@ -27,22 +27,22 @@ var (
 	errReportRefused = errors.New("the report was answered")
 )
 
-// discriminatorAnswer is what discriminator answered to a question.
-type discriminatorAnswer struct {
+// wafAnswer is what waf answered to a question.
+type wafAnswer struct {
 	status int
 	header http.Header
 	body   []byte
 }
 
-// noteAnswer notes what discriminator answered. An answer without a valid disposition
-// notes nothing, and no report is due for it: discriminator holds no decision to report
+// noteAnswer notes what waf answered. An answer without a valid disposition
+// notes nothing, and no report is due for it: waf holds no decision to report
 // on.
-func (rq *request) noteAnswer(answer *discriminatorAnswer) {
-	disposition := answer.header.Get(discriminator.DispositionHeader)
+func (rq *request) noteAnswer(answer *wafAnswer) {
+	disposition := answer.header.Get(waf.DispositionHeader)
 
 	switch disposition {
-	case discriminator.DispositionAllow, discriminator.DispositionDeny,
-		discriminator.DispositionClose:
+	case waf.DispositionAllow, waf.DispositionDeny,
+		waf.DispositionClose:
 		rq.disposition = disposition
 		rq.answered = true
 		rq.asn = answer.header.Get(asnHeader)
@@ -55,27 +55,27 @@ func (rq *request) noteAnswer(answer *discriminatorAnswer) {
 func (rq *request) handleNoUsableAnswer(ctx context.Context, err error) {
 	switch {
 	case ctx.Err() != nil:
-		// The visitor went away while discriminator was being asked. discriminator has not
+		// The visitor went away while waf was being asked. waf has not
 		// failed, and nothing is noted. This panic has Go's server close the
 		// connection without an answer, and log nothing; the deferred finish still
 		// runs.
 		panic(http.ErrAbortHandler)
 	case errors.Is(err, errCannotPassOn):
-		rq.h.processLog.Warn("discriminator's answer is dropped", "error", err.Error())
+		rq.h.processLog.Warn("waf's answer is dropped", "error", err.Error())
 		rq.answer(http.StatusBadGateway)
 	default:
-		// discriminator cannot be connected to, does not answer at all, or does not answer
-		// within SWRP_TIMEOUT_MS. A request that keeps discriminator busy past
-		// SWRP_TIMEOUT_MS, like any request while discriminator is overloaded, gets
-		// SWRP_DEFAULT_DISPOSITION here. deny closes this, at the cost of answering 503
-		// whenever discriminator is slow. Making such requests hard to send is
+		// waf cannot be connected to, does not answer at all, or does not answer
+		// within SWW_RPROXY_TIMEOUT_MS. A request that keeps waf busy past
+		// SWW_RPROXY_TIMEOUT_MS, like any request while waf is overloaded, gets
+		// SWW_RPROXY_DEFAULT_DISPOSITION here. deny closes this, at the cost of answering 503
+		// whenever waf is slow. Making such requests hard to send is
 		// https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/smallwebwaf/issues/182.
-		rq.h.processLog.Warn("discriminator gave no answer", "error", err.Error())
+		rq.h.processLog.Warn("waf gave no answer", "error", err.Error())
 
 		rq.disposition = rq.h.config.DefaultDisposition
 		rq.byDefault = true
 
-		if rq.disposition == discriminator.DispositionAllow {
+		if rq.disposition == waf.DispositionAllow {
 			rq.passToApp(ctx)
 		} else {
 			rq.answer(http.StatusServiceUnavailable)
@@ -83,10 +83,10 @@ func (rq *request) handleNoUsableAnswer(ctx context.Context, err error) {
 	}
 }
 
-// ask sends discriminator the question, and returns its answer, which must have come
-// whole within SWRP_TIMEOUT_MS. It ends when ctx does, as when the visitor goes
+// ask sends waf the question, and returns its answer, which must have come
+// whole within SWW_RPROXY_TIMEOUT_MS. It ends when ctx does, as when the visitor goes
 // away.
-func (rq *request) ask(ctx context.Context) (*discriminatorAnswer, error) {
+func (rq *request) ask(ctx context.Context) (*wafAnswer, error) {
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, rq.h.config.Timeout)
 	defer cancel()
 
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ func (rq *request) ask(ctx context.Context) (*discriminatorAnswer, error) {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	res, err := rq.h.discriminatorTransport.RoundTrip(question)
+	res, err := rq.h.wafTransport.RoundTrip(question)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("send the question: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -120,17 +120,17 @@ func (rq *request) ask(ctx context.Context) (*discriminatorAnswer, error) {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: its body is over 1 MiB", errCannotPassOn)
 	}
 
-	return &discriminatorAnswer{res.StatusCode, res.Header, body}, nil
+	return &wafAnswer{res.StatusCode, res.Header, body}, nil
 }
 
-// canBeAsked reports whether Go's client can send discriminator r as the visitor sent
+// canBeAsked reports whether Go's client can send waf r as the visitor sent
 // it. It cannot send these as they came:
 //   - a target that does not start with /, or that starts with //;
-//   - an empty Host, for which it sends discriminator's own address;
+//   - an empty Host, for which it sends waf's own address;
 //   - a Host holding an IPv6 zone, which it removes;
 //   - more than one User-Agent, of which it sends the first;
 //   - an empty User-Agent, which it leaves out, the one case that still goes to
-//     discriminator.
+//     waf.
 func canBeAsked(r *http.Request) bool {
 	target, host := r.RequestURI, r.Host
 	hostHasZone := strings.HasPrefix(host, "[") && strings.Contains(host, "%")
@@ -170,13 +170,13 @@ func (rq *request) newQuestion(ctx context.Context) (*http.Request, error) {
 	question.TransferEncoding = in.TransferEncoding
 
 	question.Header = in.Header.Clone()
-	question.Header.Set(discriminator.ClientHeader, rq.client.String())
-	question.Header.Set(discriminator.PeerHeader, rq.peer.String())
-	question.Header.Del(discriminator.ContentLengthHeader)
+	question.Header.Set(waf.ClientHeader, rq.client.String())
+	question.Header.Set(waf.PeerHeader, rq.peer.String())
+	question.Header.Del(waf.ContentLengthHeader)
 
 	announced := in.Header.Get("Content-Length")
 	if announced != "" {
-		question.Header.Set(discriminator.ContentLengthHeader, announced)
+		question.Header.Set(waf.ContentLengthHeader, announced)
 	}
 
 	question.Header.Set(requestIDHeader, rq.id)
@@ -191,13 +191,13 @@ func (rq *request) newQuestion(ctx context.Context) (*http.Request, error) {
 	return question, nil
 }
 
-// answerWith gives the visitor discriminator's answer, less its disposition.
-func (rq *request) answerWith(answer *discriminatorAnswer) {
+// answerWith gives the visitor waf's answer, less its disposition.
+func (rq *request) answerWith(answer *wafAnswer) {
 	rq.prepareOwnAnswer(rq.requestDeadline())
 
 	header := rq.out.Header()
 	maps.Copy(header, answer.header)
-	header.Del(discriminator.DispositionHeader)
+	header.Del(waf.DispositionHeader)
 
 	// Go's server adds a Content-Type it guesses from the body to a response whose
 	// headers have no Content-Type key. The key with no value sends none.
@@ -208,10 +208,10 @@ func (rq *request) answerWith(answer *discriminatorAnswer) {
 	rq.send(answer.status, answer.body)
 }
 
-// sendReport sends discriminator report on a goroutine of its own, so that the
+// sendReport sends waf report on a goroutine of its own, so that the
 // visitor does not wait for it. The report goes on after ctx, the request's own
 // context, has ended.
-func (h *handler) sendReport(ctx context.Context, report *discriminator.Report) {
+func (h *handler) sendReport(ctx context.Context, report *waf.Report) {
 	h.reportsMu.Lock()
 	defer h.reportsMu.Unlock()
 
@@ -227,9 +227,9 @@ func (h *handler) sendReport(ctx context.Context, report *discriminator.Report)
 	})
 }
 
-// postReport posts report to discriminator, and waits for its answer for up to
-// SWRP_TIMEOUT_MS.
-func (h *handler) postReport(ctx context.Context, report *discriminator.Report) error {
+// postReport posts report to waf, and waits for its answer for up to
+// SWW_RPROXY_TIMEOUT_MS.
+func (h *handler) postReport(ctx context.Context, report *waf.Report) error {
 	body, err := json.Marshal(report)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("encode the report: %w", err)
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ func (h *handler) postReport(ctx context.Context, report *discriminator.Report)
 
 	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
 
-	res, err := h.discriminatorTransport.RoundTrip(req)
+	res, err := h.wafTransport.RoundTrip(req)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("send the report: %w", err)
 	}

internal/rules/rules.go

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 // Package rules reads the rule files: the plain text files in
-// SWW_RULES_DIR, one rule to a line, that each request is checked
+// SWW_WAF_RULES_DIR, one rule to a line, that each request is checked
 // against, as the "Rule files" section of SPEC.md describes. They are read
 // at start, and again once the directory has had no change for a short
 // time after one is edited, added or removed.
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ const (
 // extension ends the name of every rule file.
 const extension = ".rules"
 
-// quietTime is how long SWW_RULES_DIR must go without a change before
+// quietTime is how long SWW_WAF_RULES_DIR must go without a change before
 // the rule files are read again, so that a file still being written, such
 // as one saved in place, appended to or copied in with scp, is read only
 // once whole.
@@ -100,9 +100,9 @@ type Rule struct {
 
 // Params are what Load needs.
 type Params struct {
-	// Dir is the directory of the rule files (SWW_RULES_DIR).
+	// Dir is the directory of the rule files (SWW_WAF_RULES_DIR).
 	Dir string
-	// Enabled is SWW_RULES_ENABLED: while it is false, no file is read
+	// Enabled is SWW_WAF_RULES_ENABLED: while it is false, no file is read
 	// and no rule loaded.
 	Enabled bool
 	// ProcessLog receives how many rules were read, and the error in a
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ func (f *Files) logRead(count int) {
 func read(dir string) ([]Rule, string, error) {
 	entries, err := os.ReadDir(dir)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, dir, fmt.Errorf("SWW_RULES_DIR cannot be read: %w", err)
+		return nil, dir, fmt.Errorf("SWW_WAF_RULES_DIR cannot be read: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	var rules []Rule
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ func read(dir string) ([]Rule, string, error) {
 // readFile appends the rules of the rule file at path to rules. places
 // are where each id read so far is, and gain those of the file.
 func readFile(path string, rules []Rule, places map[string]string) ([]Rule, error) {
-	data, err := os.ReadFile(path) //nolint:gosec // a rule file, in SWW_RULES_DIR
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(path) //nolint:gosec // a rule file, in SWW_WAF_RULES_DIR
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}

internal/rules/rules_test.go

@@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ func TestDirectoryThatDoesNotExistStopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
 
 	dir := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "rules.d")
 
-	wantRefused(t, dir, "SWW_RULES_DIR cannot be read: open "+dir+
+	wantRefused(t, dir, "SWW_WAF_RULES_DIR cannot be read: open "+dir+
 		": no such file or directory")
 }
 
@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ func TestEmptyDirectoryLoadsNoRulesAndSaysSo(t *testing.T) {
 func TestRuleFilesOffReadNothing(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	// SWW_RULES_DIR does not exist, which would stop the start.
+	// SWW_WAF_RULES_DIR does not exist, which would stop the start.
 	params, _ := newParams(filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "rules.d"))
 	params.Enabled = false
 

internal/sww/healthcheck.go

@@ -10,8 +10,10 @@ import (
 	"net/url"
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/spf13/viper"
+
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/config"
-	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/discriminator"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/waf"
 )
 
 // healthCheckTimeout bounds the whole health check.
@@ -19,19 +21,19 @@ const healthCheckTimeout = 5 * time.Second
 
 var errHealthEndpoint = errors.New("the health endpoint answered")
 
-// HealthCheck is the container's health check. In discriminator's container, where
-// SWW_COMMAND is discriminator, it returns 0 while discriminator answers its health
-// endpoint on 127.0.0.1, at the port in SWW_LISTEN_ADDR. In rproxy's container,
+// HealthCheck is the container's health check. In waf's container, where
+// SWW_COMMAND is waf, it returns 0 while waf answers its health
+// endpoint on 127.0.0.1, at the port in SWW_WAF_LISTEN_ADDR. In rproxy's container,
 // where SWW_COMMAND is rproxy, unset or empty, it returns 0 while rproxy
-// answers its health endpoint on 127.0.0.1, at the port in SWRP_LISTEN_ADDR, and
-// the app accepts connections at the address in SWRP_UPSTREAM_URL. Otherwise,
+// answers its health endpoint on 127.0.0.1, at the port in SWW_RPROXY_LISTEN_ADDR, and
+// the app accepts connections at the address in SWW_RPROXY_UPSTREAM_URL. Otherwise,
 // any other value of SWW_COMMAND included, it writes why to stderr and
 // returns 1. It reads no other setting, nor a file that another names, so neither
 // can fail it.
 // args are the arguments after `healthcheck`; it takes none, and given
 // one it names it on stderr and returns 1 without checking anything.
 func HealthCheck(
-	ctx context.Context, args []string, lookupEnv func(string) (string, bool),
+	ctx context.Context, args []string, v *viper.Viper,
 	stderr io.Writer,
 ) int {
 	if len(args) > 0 {
@@ -44,15 +46,15 @@ func HealthCheck(
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, healthCheckTimeout)
 	defer cancel()
 
-	command, err := config.Command(lookupEnv)
+	command, err := config.Command(v)
 
 	switch {
 	case err != nil:
 		err = fmt.Errorf("invalid setting: %w", err)
-	case command == "discriminator":
-		err = checkDiscriminator(ctx, lookupEnv)
+	case command == "waf":
+		err = checkWAF(ctx, v)
 	default:
-		err = checkRProxyAndApp(ctx, lookupEnv)
+		err = checkRProxyAndApp(ctx, v)
 	}
 
 	if err != nil {
@@ -64,28 +66,24 @@ func HealthCheck(
 	return 0
 }
 
-// checkDiscriminator asks discriminator's health endpoint.
-func checkDiscriminator(
-	ctx context.Context, lookupEnv func(string) (string, bool),
-) error {
-	listenAddr, err := config.DiscriminatorListenAddr(lookupEnv)
+// checkWAF asks waf's health endpoint.
+func checkWAF(ctx context.Context, v *viper.Viper) error {
+	listenAddr, err := config.WAFListenAddr(v)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("invalid setting: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	err = askHealthEndpoint(ctx, listenAddr)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("ask discriminator: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("ask waf: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	return nil
 }
 
 // checkRProxyAndApp asks rproxy's health endpoint, and connects to the app.
-func checkRProxyAndApp(
-	ctx context.Context, lookupEnv func(string) (string, bool),
-) error {
-	listenAddr, upstreamURL, err := config.RProxyListenAddrAndUpstreamURL(lookupEnv)
+func checkRProxyAndApp(ctx context.Context, v *viper.Viper) error {
+	listenAddr, upstreamURL, err := config.RProxyListenAddrAndUpstreamURL(v)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("invalid setting: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -109,7 +107,7 @@ func checkRProxyAndApp(
 // listenAddr, which the settings have checked has one.
 func askHealthEndpoint(ctx context.Context, listenAddr string) error {
 	_, port, _ := net.SplitHostPort(listenAddr)
-	health := "http://" + net.JoinHostPort("127.0.0.1", port) + discriminator.HealthPath
+	health := "http://" + net.JoinHostPort("127.0.0.1", port) + waf.HealthPath
 
 	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, health, http.NoBody)
 	if err != nil {

internal/sww/healthcheck_test.go

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/config/configtest"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/sww"
 )
 
@@ -19,11 +20,11 @@ const (
 	// commandSetting says which command a container runs, and which the health
 	// check checks.
 	commandSetting = "SWW_COMMAND"
-	// discriminatorCommand is the command that runs discriminator.
-	discriminatorCommand = "discriminator"
+	// wafCommand is the command that runs waf.
+	wafCommand = "waf"
 )
 
-func TestHealthCheckInDiscriminatorsContainer(t *testing.T) {
+func TestHealthCheckInWAFsContainer(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	ctx, stop := context.WithCancel(t.Context())
@@ -41,25 +42,25 @@ func TestHealthCheckInDiscriminatorsContainer(t *testing.T) {
 		exited <- run(ctx, settings, out)
 	}()
 
-	addr, _ := out.line(t, "msg", "starting")["address"].(string)
+	addr, _ := out.lineBeforeExit(t, "starting", exited)["address"].(string)
 	_, port, _ := net.SplitHostPort(addr)
 
 	// The container's settings: an address to listen on with an empty
 	// host part, which the health check asks at 127.0.0.1.
 	wantHealthCheck(t, map[string]string{
-		commandSetting: discriminatorCommand, listenAddr: ":" + port,
+		commandSetting: wafCommand, listenAddr: ":" + port,
 	}, 0, "")
 
 	// The health check reads that setting alone, here given as a file: a removed
 	// or invalid token file, or an invalid value of another setting, does not
 	// fail it.
 	for _, other := range []struct{ name, value string }{
-		{"SWW_METRICS_TOKEN_FILE", filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "removed")},
-		{"SWW_METRICS_TOKEN_FILE", writeFile(t, "too short\n")},
-		{"SWW_MODE", "neither"},
+		{"SWW_WAF_METRICS_TOKEN_FILE", filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "removed")},
+		{"SWW_WAF_METRICS_TOKEN_FILE", writeFile(t, "too short\n")},
+		{"SWW_WAF_MODE", "neither"},
 	} {
 		wantHealthCheck(t, map[string]string{
-			commandSetting:       discriminatorCommand,
+			commandSetting:       wafCommand,
 			listenAddr + "_FILE": writeFile(t, ":"+port+"\n"),
 			other.name:           other.value,
 		}, 0, "")
@@ -68,11 +69,11 @@ func TestHealthCheckInDiscriminatorsContainer(t *testing.T) {
 	// Listening on port 0 takes any free port, so nothing listens on port 0
 	// itself.
 	wantHealthCheck(t, map[string]string{
-		commandSetting: discriminatorCommand, listenAddr: ":0",
-	}, 1, "unhealthy: ask discriminator: ")
+		commandSetting: wafCommand, listenAddr: ":0",
+	}, 1, "unhealthy: ask waf: ")
 	wantHealthCheck(t, map[string]string{
-		commandSetting: discriminatorCommand, listenAddr: "8080",
-	}, 1, "unhealthy: invalid setting: SWW_LISTEN_ADDR: ")
+		commandSetting: wafCommand, listenAddr: "8080",
+	}, 1, "unhealthy: invalid setting: SWW_WAF_LISTEN_ADDR: ")
 
 	stop()
 
@@ -90,7 +91,7 @@ func TestHealthCheckInRProxysContainer(t *testing.T) {
 	defer app.Close()
 
 	// Nothing listens at the backend. The health check asks rproxy and the app,
-	// whether or not discriminator answers.
+	// whether or not waf answers.
 	site, _ := startRProxy(t, "http://127.0.0.1:9", app.URL)
 	_, port, _ := net.SplitHostPort(strings.TrimPrefix(site, "http://"))
 	settings := func(more ...string) map[string]string {
@@ -107,12 +108,12 @@ func TestHealthCheckInRProxysContainer(t *testing.T) {
 	wantHealthCheck(t, settings(commandSetting, "rproxy"), 0, "")
 
 	// SWW_COMMAND cannot be given as a file.
-	wantHealthCheck(t, settings(commandSetting+"_FILE", writeFile(t, "discriminator\n")),
+	wantHealthCheck(t, settings(commandSetting+"_FILE", writeFile(t, "waf\n")),
 		0, "")
 
 	// Another setting does not fail it, even an invalid one, and neither does
-	// SWRP_WAF_BACKEND being unset.
-	wantHealthCheck(t, settings("SWRP_TIMEOUT_MS", "soon"), 0, "")
+	// SWW_RPROXY_WAF_BACKEND being unset.
+	wantHealthCheck(t, settings("SWW_RPROXY_TIMEOUT_MS", "soon"), 0, "")
 
 	// Another test can take a closed server's port at once, so the app's
 	// address here is a multicast address, to which TCP cannot connect.
@@ -123,13 +124,14 @@ func TestHealthCheckInRProxysContainer(t *testing.T) {
 	// itself.
 	wantHealthCheck(t, settings(rproxyListenAddr, ":0"), 1, "unhealthy: ask rproxy: ")
 	wantHealthCheck(t, settings(rproxyListenAddr, "8080"), 1,
-		"unhealthy: invalid setting: SWRP_LISTEN_ADDR: ")
+		"unhealthy: invalid setting: SWW_RPROXY_LISTEN_ADDR: ")
 
-	// No setting of rproxy's has a form given as a file.
+	// A setting of rproxy's can be given as a file too, here the listen
+	// address, which the health check reads.
 	wantHealthCheck(t, map[string]string{
 		rproxyListenAddr + "_FILE": writeFile(t, ":"+port+"\n"),
 		rproxyUpstreamURL:          app.URL,
-	}, 1, "unhealthy: ask rproxy: ")
+	}, 0, "")
 }
 
 func TestHealthCheckFailsWithAnyOtherCommand(t *testing.T) {
@@ -137,7 +139,7 @@ func TestHealthCheckFailsWithAnyOtherCommand(t *testing.T) {
 
 	wantHealthCheck(t, map[string]string{commandSetting: "healthcheck"}, 1,
 		"unhealthy: invalid setting: SWW_COMMAND: "+
-			"\"healthcheck\" is not rproxy or discriminator\n")
+			"\"healthcheck\" is not rproxy or waf\n")
 }
 
 func TestHealthCheckRefusesAnArgument(t *testing.T) {
@@ -145,11 +147,7 @@ func TestHealthCheckRefusesAnArgument(t *testing.T) {
 
 	var stderr bytes.Buffer
 
-	noSettings := func(string) (string, bool) {
-		return "", false
-	}
-
-	got := sww.HealthCheck(t.Context(), []string{"now"}, noSettings, &stderr)
+	got := sww.HealthCheck(t.Context(), []string{"now"}, configtest.Viper(nil), &stderr)
 
 	want := "sww healthcheck: unexpected argument \"now\"\n"
 	if got != 1 || stderr.String() != want {
@@ -166,11 +164,7 @@ func wantHealthCheck(t *testing.T, env map[string]string, status int, message st
 
 	var stderr bytes.Buffer
 
-	got := sww.HealthCheck(t.Context(), nil, func(name string) (string, bool) {
-		value, ok := env[name]
-
-		return value, ok
-	}, &stderr)
+	got := sww.HealthCheck(t.Context(), nil, configtest.Viper(env), &stderr)
 
 	wrote := stderr.String()
 	if got != status || !strings.HasPrefix(wrote, message) ||

internal/sww/rproxy.go

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import (
 
 // RunRProxy is `sww rproxy`: it reads rproxy's settings, then serves
 // requests until ctx is done. Then it gives the requests in progress
-// shutdownTimeout to finish, and the reports being sent SWRP_TIMEOUT_MS. It
+// shutdownTimeout to finish, and the reports being sent SWW_RPROXY_TIMEOUT_MS. It
 // returns the process's exit status, 1 when rproxy cannot start. Its process
 // messages name the host's name as instance, and it writes those at info or
 // more severe: rproxy has no setting for either.
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ func RunRProxy(ctx context.Context, params Params) int {
 	hostname, _ := os.Hostname() // "" when the host has no name to give
 	processLog := requestlog.NewProcessLogger(params.Stdout, hostname, slog.LevelInfo)
 
-	cfg, err := config.RProxyFromEnvironment(params.LookupEnv)
+	cfg, err := config.RProxyFromEnvironment(params.Viper)
 	if err != nil {
 		processLog.Error("invalid setting", "error", err.Error())
 
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ func RunRProxy(ctx context.Context, params Params) int {
 
 	listener, err := (&net.ListenConfig{}).Listen(ctx, "tcp", cfg.ListenAddr)
 	if err != nil {
-		processLog.Error("cannot listen on SWRP_LISTEN_ADDR", "error", err.Error())
+		processLog.Error("cannot listen on SWW_RPROXY_LISTEN_ADDR", "error", err.Error())
 
 		return 1
 	}

internal/sww/rproxy_test.go

@@ -19,19 +19,20 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
-	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/discriminator"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/config/configtest"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/sww"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/waf"
 )
 
 const (
-	// wafBackend is the setting that names discriminator to rproxy.
-	wafBackend = "SWRP_WAF_BACKEND"
+	// wafBackend is the setting that names waf to rproxy.
+	wafBackend = "SWW_RPROXY_WAF_BACKEND"
 	// rproxyListenAddr is the setting that says where rproxy listens.
-	rproxyListenAddr = "SWRP_LISTEN_ADDR"
+	rproxyListenAddr = "SWW_RPROXY_LISTEN_ADDR"
 	// rproxyUpstreamURL is the setting that says where the app is.
-	rproxyUpstreamURL = "SWRP_UPSTREAM_URL"
-	// rproxyTimeout is the setting that says how long rproxy waits for discriminator.
-	rproxyTimeout = "SWRP_TIMEOUT_MS"
+	rproxyUpstreamURL = "SWW_RPROXY_UPSTREAM_URL"
+	// rproxyTimeout is the setting that says how long rproxy waits for waf.
+	rproxyTimeout = "SWW_RPROXY_TIMEOUT_MS"
 	// bannedProbe is a path the default rule file bans a client for.
 	bannedProbe = "/.env"
 	// otherClient is a client the tests do not ban.
@@ -43,16 +44,12 @@ const (
 func runRProxy(ctx context.Context, env map[string]string, out *output) int {
 	return sww.RunRProxy(ctx, sww.Params{
 		Version: testVersion,
-		LookupEnv: func(name string) (string, bool) {
-			value, ok := env[name]
-
-			return value, ok
-		},
-		Stdout: out,
+		Viper:   configtest.Viper(env),
+		Stdout:  out,
 	})
 }
 
-// startRProxy runs rproxy with discriminator at backend and the app at appURL, and
+// startRProxy runs rproxy with waf at backend and the app at appURL, and
 // returns its URL and what it writes. It believes X-Forwarded-For from the
 // tests. It stops as the test ends, and that it stopped in order is checked.
 func startRProxy(t *testing.T, backend, appURL string) (string, *output) {
@@ -64,13 +61,15 @@ func startRProxy(t *testing.T, backend, appURL string) (string, *output) {
 
 	go func() {
 		exited <- runRProxy(ctx, map[string]string{
-			rproxyListenAddr:       localhost + ":0",
-			"SWRP_UPSTREAM_URL":    appURL,
-			"SWRP_TRUSTED_PROXIES": localhost + "/32",
-			wafBackend:             backend,
+			rproxyListenAddr:             localhost + ":0",
+			"SWW_RPROXY_UPSTREAM_URL":    appURL,
+			"SWW_RPROXY_TRUSTED_PROXIES": localhost + "/32",
+			wafBackend:                   backend,
 		}, out)
 	}()
 
+	addr, _ := out.lineBeforeExit(t, "starting", exited)["address"].(string)
+
 	t.Cleanup(func() {
 		stop()
 
@@ -86,15 +85,13 @@ func startRProxy(t *testing.T, backend, appURL string) (string, *output) {
 		out.line(t, "msg", "stopped")
 	})
 
-	addr, _ := out.line(t, "msg", "starting")["address"].(string)
-
 	return "http://" + addr, out
 }
 
-// startDiscriminator runs discriminator with the settings in env, and returns
+// startWAF runs waf with the settings in env, and returns
 // its address and URL, what it writes, and what stops it, which checks that it
 // stopped in order.
-func startDiscriminator(t *testing.T, env map[string]string) (string, *output, func()) {
+func startWAF(t *testing.T, env map[string]string) (string, *output, func()) {
 	t.Helper()
 
 	ctx, stop := context.WithCancel(t.Context())
@@ -105,7 +102,7 @@ func startDiscriminator(t *testing.T, env map[string]string) (string, *output, f
 		exited <- run(ctx, env, out)
 	}()
 
-	addr, _ := out.line(t, "msg", "starting")["address"].(string)
+	addr, _ := out.lineBeforeExit(t, "starting", exited)["address"].(string)
 
 	return addr, out, func() {
 		stop()
@@ -113,17 +110,17 @@ func startDiscriminator(t *testing.T, env map[string]string) (string, *output, f
 		select {
 		case status := <-exited:
 			if status != 0 {
-				t.Fatalf("discriminator's exit status %d, want 0; output:\n%s", status, out.text())
+				t.Fatalf("waf's exit status %d, want 0; output:\n%s", status, out.text())
 			}
 		case <-time.After(waitLimit):
-			t.Fatal("discriminator still running after being told to stop")
+			t.Fatal("waf still running after being told to stop")
 		}
 	}
 }
 
-// discriminatorSettings are discriminator's settings with the default rule
+// wafSettings are waf's settings with the default rule
 // file, to listen at any free port.
-func discriminatorSettings(t *testing.T) map[string]string {
+func wafSettings(t *testing.T) map[string]string {
 	t.Helper()
 
 	return map[string]string{
@@ -136,7 +133,7 @@ func discriminatorSettings(t *testing.T) map[string]string {
 func TestABanThroughOneSiteRefusesTheClientOnTheOther(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	addr, discriminatorOut, stop := startDiscriminator(t, discriminatorSettings(t))
+	addr, wafOut, stop := startWAF(t, wafSettings(t))
 	defer stop()
 
 	backend := "http://" + addr
@@ -151,32 +148,32 @@ func TestABanThroughOneSiteRefusesTheClientOnTheOther(t *testing.T) {
 	wantStatus(t, second+"/", placed, http.StatusForbidden)
 	wantStatus(t, second+"/", otherClient, http.StatusOK)
 
-	// One request's three lines carry one id, rproxy's with discriminator's answer.
+	// One request's three lines carry one id, rproxy's with waf's answer.
 	line := firstOut.line(t, "path", bannedProbe)
-	if line["disposition"] != discriminator.DispositionDeny ||
+	if line["disposition"] != waf.DispositionDeny ||
 		line["client_ip"] != placed {
 		t.Errorf("rproxy's line is %v", line)
 	}
 
 	id, _ := line["request_id"].(string)
-	decision := discriminatorLine(t, discriminatorOut, id, "decision")
-	report := discriminatorLine(t, discriminatorOut, id, "report")
+	decision := wafLine(t, wafOut, id, "decision")
+	report := wafLine(t, wafOut, id, "report")
 
 	if decision["host"] != line["host"] || decision["client_ip"] != placed ||
 		report["status"] != float64(http.StatusForbidden) {
-		t.Errorf("discriminator's lines are %v and %v", decision, report)
+		t.Errorf("waf's lines are %v and %v", decision, report)
 	}
 }
 
-// discriminatorLine waits for discriminator's line with request id and
-// discriminator_line kind.
-func discriminatorLine(t *testing.T, out *output, id, kind string) map[string]any {
+// wafLine waits for waf's line with request id and
+// waf_line kind.
+func wafLine(t *testing.T, out *output, id, kind string) map[string]any {
 	t.Helper()
 
 	deadline := time.Now().Add(waitLimit)
 	for time.Now().Before(deadline) {
 		line := out.findLine(t, func(fields map[string]any) bool {
-			return fields["request_id"] == id && fields["discriminator_line"] == kind
+			return fields["request_id"] == id && fields["waf_line"] == kind
 		})
 		if line != nil {
 			return line
@@ -190,14 +187,14 @@ func discriminatorLine(t *testing.T, out *output, id, kind string) map[string]an
 	return nil
 }
 
-func TestTheSiteAnswersWhileDiscriminatorIsStoppedAndStartedAgain(t *testing.T) {
+func TestTheSiteAnswersWhileWAFIsStoppedAndStartedAgain(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	env := discriminatorSettings(t)
-	addr, _, stop := startDiscriminator(t, env)
+	env := wafSettings(t)
+	addr, _, stop := startWAF(t, env)
 
-	// rproxy asks discriminator through an address the test holds throughout,
-	// so no other test can take it while discriminator is stopped.
+	// rproxy asks waf through an address the test holds throughout,
+	// so no other test can take it while waf is stopped.
 	backend, forwardTo := startForwarder(t)
 	forwardTo(addr)
 
@@ -228,22 +225,22 @@ func TestTheSiteAnswersWhileDiscriminatorIsStoppedAndStartedAgain(t *testing.T)
 	wantStatus(t, site+bannedProbe, placed, http.StatusForbidden)
 	wantStatus(t, site+"/", placed, http.StatusForbidden)
 
-	// rproxy's connections are closed at once from here, before discriminator
+	// rproxy's connections are closed at once from here, before waf
 	// stops and frees its port.
 	forwardTo("")
 	stop()
 
-	// With discriminator down, the site answers, and rproxy says the default did it.
+	// With waf down, the site answers, and rproxy says the default did it.
 	wantStatus(t, site+"/after-stop", placed, http.StatusOK)
 
 	line := out.line(t, "path", "/after-stop")
-	if line["disposition"] != discriminator.DispositionAllow ||
+	if line["disposition"] != waf.DispositionAllow ||
 		line["default_disposition"] != true {
 		t.Errorf("rproxy's line is %v", line)
 	}
 
 	// Started again with its state files, it applies the ban again.
-	addr, _, stop = startDiscriminator(t, env)
+	addr, _, stop = startWAF(t, env)
 	forwardTo(addr)
 
 	defer func() {
@@ -397,10 +394,10 @@ func sendRaw(t *testing.T, site, request string) int {
 	return res.StatusCode
 }
 
-func TestAChunkedBodyStaysABodyAtDiscriminator(t *testing.T) {
+func TestAChunkedBodyStaysABodyAtWAF(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	addr, discriminatorOut, stop := startDiscriminator(t, discriminatorSettings(t))
+	addr, wafOut, stop := startWAF(t, wafSettings(t))
 	defer stop()
 
 	site, _ := startRProxy(t, "http://"+addr, startApp(t))
@@ -409,7 +406,7 @@ func TestAChunkedBodyStaysABodyAtDiscriminator(t *testing.T) {
 	const smuggledID = "smuggled-request"
 
 	smuggled := "GET " + bannedProbe + " HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: site.example\r\n" +
-		discriminator.ClientHeader + ": " + otherClient + "\r\n" +
+		waf.ClientHeader + ": " + otherClient + "\r\n" +
 		"X-Request-ID: " + smuggledID + "\r\n\r\n"
 
 	status := sendRaw(t, site, "POST /upload HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: site.example\r\n"+
@@ -425,18 +422,18 @@ func TestAChunkedBodyStaysABodyAtDiscriminator(t *testing.T) {
 		time.Sleep(pollInterval)
 	}
 
-	line := discriminatorOut.findLine(t, func(fields map[string]any) bool {
+	line := wafOut.findLine(t, func(fields map[string]any) bool {
 		return fields["request_id"] == smuggledID
 	})
 	if line != nil {
-		t.Errorf("discriminator read the body as a request: %v", line)
+		t.Errorf("waf read the body as a request: %v", line)
 	}
 }
 
-func TestATargetThatCannotGoToDiscriminatorIsRefusedForABannedClient(t *testing.T) {
+func TestATargetThatCannotGoToWAFIsRefusedForABannedClient(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	addr, _, stop := startDiscriminator(t, discriminatorSettings(t))
+	addr, _, stop := startWAF(t, wafSettings(t))
 	defer stop()
 
 	site, out := startRProxy(t, "http://"+addr, startApp(t))
@@ -460,7 +457,7 @@ func TestAClientWithAZoneIsTheClientWithout(t *testing.T) {
 
 	const zoned = "2001:db8::1%eth0"
 
-	addr, _, stop := startDiscriminator(t, discriminatorSettings(t))
+	addr, _, stop := startWAF(t, wafSettings(t))
 	defer stop()
 
 	site, out := startRProxy(t, "http://"+addr, startApp(t))
@@ -475,7 +472,7 @@ func TestAClientWithAZoneIsTheClientWithout(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestAStatusDiscriminatorDoesNotTakeIsReportedAs599(t *testing.T) {
+func TestAStatusWAFDoesNotTakeIsReportedAs599(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	const status = 799
@@ -486,7 +483,7 @@ func TestAStatusDiscriminatorDoesNotTakeIsReportedAs599(t *testing.T) {
 		}))
 	t.Cleanup(app.Close)
 
-	addr, discriminatorOut, stop := startDiscriminator(t, discriminatorSettings(t))
+	addr, wafOut, stop := startWAF(t, wafSettings(t))
 	defer stop()
 
 	site, out := startRProxy(t, "http://"+addr, app.URL)
@@ -500,16 +497,17 @@ func TestAStatusDiscriminatorDoesNotTakeIsReportedAs599(t *testing.T) {
 
 	id, _ := line["request_id"].(string)
 
-	report := discriminatorLine(t, discriminatorOut, id, "report")
+	report := wafLine(t, wafOut, id, "report")
 	if report["status"] != 599.0 {
-		t.Errorf("discriminator's line is %v, want status 599", report)
+		t.Errorf("waf's line is %v, want status 599", report)
 	}
 }
 
 // startRProxyProcess runs `sww rproxy` in a process of its own, with the
-// settings in env, each as NAME=value. It returns where rproxy listens, the
-// process, and what rproxy writes.
-func startRProxyProcess(t *testing.T, env ...string) (string, *exec.Cmd, *output) {
+// settings in env, each as NAME=value. It returns where rproxy listens and a
+// function that sends rproxy SIGTERM and fails the test unless it exits with
+// status 0 within waitLimit.
+func startRProxyProcess(t *testing.T, env ...string) (string, func()) {
 	t.Helper()
 
 	binary, err := os.Executable()
@@ -517,43 +515,46 @@ func startRProxyProcess(t *testing.T, env ...string) (string, *exec.Cmd, *output
 		t.Fatalf("find the test binary: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(t.Context(), 3*waitLimit)
-	t.Cleanup(cancel)
-
 	out := &output{}
-	cmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, binary) //nolint:gosec // this test binary
+	cmd := exec.CommandContext(t.Context(), binary) //nolint:gosec // this test binary
 	cmd.Stdout = out
 
 	cmd.Env = append(os.Environ(),
 		commandForMain+"=rproxy",
-		"SWRP_LISTEN_ADDR="+localhost+":0")
+		"SWW_RPROXY_LISTEN_ADDR="+localhost+":0")
 	cmd.Env = append(cmd.Env, env...)
 
-	err = cmd.Start()
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("start: %v", err)
+	exited := startProcess(t, cmd)
+
+	addr, _ := out.lineBeforeExit(t, "starting", exited)["address"].(string)
+
+	return addr, func() {
+		err := cmd.Process.Signal(syscall.SIGTERM)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("signal: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		select {
+		case status := <-exited:
+			if status != 0 {
+				t.Errorf("exit status %d, want 0; output:\n%s", status, out.text())
+			}
+		case <-time.After(waitLimit):
+			t.Error("still running after being told to stop")
+		}
 	}
-
-	t.Cleanup(func() {
-		_ = cmd.Process.Kill()
-		_ = cmd.Wait()
-	})
-
-	addr, _ := out.line(t, "msg", "starting")["address"].(string)
-
-	return addr, cmd, out
 }
 
-func TestRProxyAsksADiscriminatorThatSpeaksHTTP2OverHTTP1(t *testing.T) {
+func TestRProxyAsksAWAFThatSpeaksHTTP2OverHTTP1(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	protocols := make(chan string, 10)
 	backend := httptest.NewUnstartedServer(http.HandlerFunc(
 		func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-			if r.Header.Get(discriminator.ClientHeader) != "" {
+			if r.Header.Get(waf.ClientHeader) != "" {
 				protocols <- r.Proto
 
-				w.Header().Set(discriminator.DispositionHeader, discriminator.DispositionDeny)
+				w.Header().Set(waf.DispositionHeader, waf.DispositionDeny)
 				w.WriteHeader(http.StatusForbidden)
 			}
 		}))
@@ -563,7 +564,7 @@ func TestRProxyAsksADiscriminatorThatSpeaksHTTP2OverHTTP1(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// rproxy has no setting for the certificates it trusts, so it is told of this
 	// one as Go's client is told of any, in a process of its own.
-	certificates := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "discriminator.pem")
+	certificates := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "waf.pem")
 
 	err := os.WriteFile(certificates, pem.EncodeToMemory(&pem.Block{
 		Type: "CERTIFICATE", Bytes: backend.Certificate().Raw,
@@ -572,9 +573,9 @@ func TestRProxyAsksADiscriminatorThatSpeaksHTTP2OverHTTP1(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("write the certificate: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	addr, _, _ := startRProxyProcess(t,
+	addr, _ := startRProxyProcess(t,
 		wafBackend+"="+backend.URL,
-		"SWRP_UPSTREAM_URL="+startApp(t),
+		"SWW_RPROXY_UPSTREAM_URL="+startApp(t),
 		"SSL_CERT_FILE="+certificates)
 
 	for name, headers := range map[string]string{
@@ -585,7 +586,7 @@ func TestRProxyAsksADiscriminatorThatSpeaksHTTP2OverHTTP1(t *testing.T) {
 	} {
 		status := sendRaw(t, addr, "GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: site.example\r\n"+headers+"\r\n")
 		if status != http.StatusForbidden {
-			t.Errorf("with %s: status %d, want discriminator's 403", name, status)
+			t.Errorf("with %s: status %d, want waf's 403", name, status)
 		}
 
 		select {
@@ -594,7 +595,7 @@ func TestRProxyAsksADiscriminatorThatSpeaksHTTP2OverHTTP1(t *testing.T) {
 				t.Errorf("with %s: asked over %s, want HTTP/1.1", name, protocol)
 			}
 		case <-time.After(waitLimit):
-			t.Errorf("with %s: discriminator was not asked", name)
+			t.Errorf("with %s: waf was not asked", name)
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -623,8 +624,8 @@ func TestRProxyStoppingWaitsForAReportBeingSent(t *testing.T) {
 	release := make(chan struct{})
 	backend := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(
 		func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-			if r.Header.Get(discriminator.ClientHeader) != "" {
-				w.Header().Set(discriminator.DispositionHeader, discriminator.DispositionAllow)
+			if r.Header.Get(waf.ClientHeader) != "" {
+				w.Header().Set(waf.DispositionHeader, waf.DispositionAllow)
 
 				return
 			}
@@ -639,10 +640,10 @@ func TestRProxyStoppingWaitsForAReportBeingSent(t *testing.T) {
 	defer stop()
 
 	env := map[string]string{
-		rproxyListenAddr:    localhost + ":0",
-		"SWRP_UPSTREAM_URL": startApp(t),
-		rproxyTimeout:       "60000",
-		wafBackend:          backend.URL,
+		rproxyListenAddr:          localhost + ":0",
+		"SWW_RPROXY_UPSTREAM_URL": startApp(t),
+		rproxyTimeout:             "60000",
+		wafBackend:                backend.URL,
 	}
 	out := &output{}
 	exited := make(chan int, 1)
@@ -651,7 +652,7 @@ func TestRProxyStoppingWaitsForAReportBeingSent(t *testing.T) {
 		exited <- runRProxy(ctx, env, out)
 	}()
 
-	addr, _ := out.line(t, "msg", "starting")["address"].(string)
+	addr, _ := out.lineBeforeExit(t, "starting", exited)["address"].(string)
 
 	wantStatus(t, "http://"+addr+"/", placed, http.StatusOK)
 
@@ -716,7 +717,7 @@ func TestRProxyStoppingCutsOffARequestAfterFiveSeconds(t *testing.T) {
 
 	const (
 		cutOffAfter     = 5 * time.Second
-		upstreamSetting = "SWRP_UPSTREAM_URL"
+		upstreamSetting = "SWW_RPROXY_UPSTREAM_URL"
 	)
 
 	asked := make(chan struct{})
@@ -731,7 +732,7 @@ func TestRProxyStoppingCutsOffARequestAfterFiveSeconds(t *testing.T) {
 
 	backend := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(
 		func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
-			w.Header().Set(discriminator.DispositionHeader, discriminator.DispositionAllow)
+			w.Header().Set(waf.DispositionHeader, waf.DispositionAllow)
 		}))
 	t.Cleanup(backend.Close)
 
@@ -750,7 +751,7 @@ func TestRProxyStoppingCutsOffARequestAfterFiveSeconds(t *testing.T) {
 		exited <- runRProxy(ctx, env, out)
 	}()
 
-	addr, _ := out.line(t, "msg", "starting")["address"].(string)
+	addr, _ := out.lineBeforeExit(t, "starting", exited)["address"].(string)
 	conn := sendAndKeepOpen(t, addr, "GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: site.example\r\n\r\n")
 
 	select {
@@ -794,7 +795,7 @@ func TestRProxyInvalidSettingStopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
 		{"no backend", wafBackend, nil},
 		{
 			"another invalid", rproxyTimeout,
-			map[string]string{wafBackend: "http://discriminator:8080", rproxyTimeout: "soon"},
+			map[string]string{wafBackend: "http://waf:8080", rproxyTimeout: "soon"},
 		},
 	} {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -831,24 +832,24 @@ func TestRProxyAddressInUseStopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
 	out := &output{}
 
 	status := runRProxy(t.Context(), map[string]string{
-		wafBackend:       "http://discriminator:8080",
+		wafBackend:       "http://waf:8080",
 		rproxyListenAddr: taken.Addr().String(),
 	}, out)
 	if status != 1 {
 		t.Errorf("exit status %d, want 1", status)
 	}
 
-	out.line(t, "msg", "cannot listen on SWRP_LISTEN_ADDR")
+	out.line(t, "msg", "cannot listen on SWW_RPROXY_LISTEN_ADDR")
 }
 
 func TestMainRunsRProxy(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	// Nothing listens there; the health check does not ask.
-	addr, cmd, out := startRProxyProcess(t, wafBackend+"=http://127.0.0.1:9")
+	addr, stop := startRProxyProcess(t, wafBackend+"=http://127.0.0.1:9")
 
 	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodGet,
-		"http://"+addr+discriminator.HealthPath, http.NoBody)
+		"http://"+addr+waf.HealthPath, http.NoBody)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("new request: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -868,13 +869,5 @@ func TestMainRunsRProxy(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("health check answered %q (%v)", body, err)
 	}
 
-	err = cmd.Process.Signal(syscall.SIGTERM)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("signal: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	err = cmd.Wait()
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Errorf("exit: %v; output:\n%s", err, out.text())
-	}
+	stop()
 }

internal/sww/sww.go

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 // Package sww runs the sww process, as the command it is given.
-// `sww discriminator` reads the settings, the rule files, the lookup database
-// and the state files, answers rproxy's questions until it is told to stop, and
-// then stops in an orderly way, writing the state files. `sww rproxy`
-// reads rproxy's settings alone, and runs the reverse proxy in front of one app
-// that asks discriminator about each request. `sww healthcheck` is the
+// `sww waf` reads the settings, the rule files, the lookup database
+// and the state and cache files, answers rproxy's questions until it is told to
+// stop, and then stops in an orderly way, writing the state and cache files.
+// `sww rproxy` reads rproxy's settings alone, and runs the reverse proxy in
+// front of one app that asks waf about each request. `sww healthcheck` is the
 // container's health check.
 package sww
 
@@ -20,16 +20,18 @@ import (
 	"syscall"
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/spf13/viper"
+
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/alerts"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/config"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/coreruleset"
-	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/discriminator"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/lookup"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/remotelog"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/reputation"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/requestlog"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/rules"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/state"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/waf"
 )
 
 // shutdownTimeout is how long requests in progress may take to finish
@@ -37,8 +39,8 @@ import (
 // runit and docker wait a little longer before they kill the process.
 const shutdownTimeout = 5 * time.Second
 
-// remoteLogStopTimeout is how long, as discriminator stops, the log lines still
-// waiting are sent to SWW_LOG_REMOTE_URL before they are given up. stdout has
+// remoteLogStopTimeout is how long, as waf stops, the log lines still
+// waiting are sent to SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_URL before they are given up. stdout has
 // carried them.
 const remoteLogStopTimeout = 2 * time.Second
 
@@ -51,22 +53,23 @@ const usage = `usage: sww <command>
 
 commands:
   rproxy          the reverse proxy in front of one app
-  discriminator   decides for rproxy, and keeps bans, counters and history
+  waf             decides for rproxy, and keeps bans, counters and history
   healthcheck     the container's health check
 `
 
-// Params are what RunDiscriminator and RunRProxy need from the process.
+// Params are what RunWAF and RunRProxy need from the process.
 type Params struct {
 	// Version is the version of the binary, set when it is built.
 	Version string
-	// LookupEnv reads an environment variable, normally os.LookupEnv.
-	LookupEnv func(string) (string, bool)
+	// Viper reads the settings, normally the viper config.NewViper returns
+	// for the process's environment.
+	Viper *viper.Viper
 	// Stdout receives the request log and the process's own messages.
 	Stdout io.Writer
 }
 
 // Main runs the command os.Args names, and returns the process's exit status.
-// `sww rproxy` and `sww discriminator` run until SIGTERM or SIGINT.
+// `sww rproxy` and `sww waf` run until SIGTERM or SIGINT.
 // With no command, or one it does not know, it prints the commands and returns
 // usageStatus.
 func Main(version string) int {
@@ -79,15 +82,15 @@ func Main(version string) int {
 		syscall.SIGTERM, os.Interrupt)
 	defer stop()
 
-	params := Params{Version: version, LookupEnv: os.LookupEnv, Stdout: os.Stdout}
+	params := Params{Version: version, Viper: config.NewViper(), Stdout: os.Stdout}
 
 	switch args[0] {
 	case "rproxy":
 		return RunRProxy(ctx, params)
-	case "discriminator":
-		return RunDiscriminator(ctx, params)
+	case "waf":
+		return RunWAF(ctx, params)
 	case "healthcheck":
-		return HealthCheck(ctx, args[1:], os.LookupEnv, os.Stderr)
+		return HealthCheck(ctx, args[1:], params.Viper, os.Stderr)
 	default:
 		return printUsage(os.Stderr)
 	}
@@ -100,23 +103,23 @@ func printUsage(w io.Writer) int {
 	return usageStatus
 }
 
-// RunDiscriminator is `sww discriminator`: it reads the settings, the rule files,
-// the lookup database and the state files, then serves requests until ctx is
-// done. It returns the process's exit status, 1 when discriminator cannot start.
-func RunDiscriminator(ctx context.Context, params Params) int {
+// RunWAF is `sww waf`: it reads the settings, the rule files,
+// the lookup database and the state and cache files, then serves requests until
+// ctx is done. It returns the process's exit status, 1 when waf cannot start.
+func RunWAF(ctx context.Context, params Params) int {
 	// Until the settings are read, the one message is an invalid setting's
-	// error, which every SWW_LOG_LEVEL lets through.
+	// error, which every SWW_WAF_LOG_LEVEL lets through.
 	processLog := requestlog.NewProcessLogger(params.Stdout,
-		config.InstanceName(params.LookupEnv), slog.LevelError)
+		config.InstanceName(params.Viper), slog.LevelError)
 
-	cfg, err := config.FromEnvironment(params.LookupEnv)
+	cfg, err := config.FromEnvironment(params.Viper)
 	if err != nil {
 		processLog.Error("invalid setting", "error", err.Error())
 
 		return 1
 	}
 
-	// While SWW_LOG_REMOTE_URL is set, every line on stdout from here on
+	// While SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_URL is set, every line on stdout from here on
 	// is sent there too.
 	stdout := params.Stdout
 
@@ -151,7 +154,7 @@ func RunDiscriminator(ctx context.Context, params Params) int {
 		return 1
 	}
 
-	crs, err := discriminator.NewCoreRuleSet(cfg)
+	crs, err := waf.NewCoreRuleSet(cfg)
 	if err != nil {
 		processLog.Error("cannot use the Core Rule Set", "error", err.Error())
 
@@ -171,14 +174,14 @@ func RunDiscriminator(ctx context.Context, params Params) int {
 
 	files, err := loadStateFiles(cfg, server, alertQueue, now, processLog)
 	if err != nil {
-		processLog.Error("cannot use the state files", "error", err.Error())
+		processLog.Error("cannot use the state and cache files", "error", err.Error())
 
 		return 1
 	}
 
 	listener, err := (&net.ListenConfig{}).Listen(ctx, "tcp", cfg.ListenAddr)
 	if err != nil {
-		processLog.Error("cannot listen on SWW_LISTEN_ADDR", "error", err.Error())
+		processLog.Error("cannot listen on SWW_WAF_LISTEN_ADDR", "error", err.Error())
 
 		return 1
 	}
@@ -191,14 +194,14 @@ func RunDiscriminator(ctx context.Context, params Params) int {
 	return serve(ctx, server, listener, files, ruleFiles, alertQueue, processLog)
 }
 
-// newServer returns the server discriminator runs, with the metrics of the alerts,
-// after reading the lookup database while SWW_LOOKUP_SOURCE is file. A lookup
+// newServer returns the server waf runs, with the metrics of the alerts,
+// after reading the lookup database while SWW_WAF_LOOKUP_SOURCE is file. A lookup
 // database that cannot be read is an error.
 func newServer(
 	cfg *config.Config, stdout io.Writer, processLog *slog.Logger,
 	now func() time.Time, ruleFiles *rules.Files, alertQueue *alerts.Queue,
 	crs *coreruleset.CoreRuleSet,
-) (*discriminator.Server, error) {
+) (*waf.Server, error) {
 	var lookupFile *lookup.File
 
 	if cfg.LookupSource == "file" {
@@ -215,7 +218,7 @@ func newServer(
 		}
 	}
 
-	server := discriminator.New(discriminator.Params{
+	server := waf.New(waf.Params{
 		Config:       cfg,
 		RequestLog:   stdout,
 		ProcessLog:   processLog,
@@ -236,14 +239,15 @@ func newServer(
 	return server, nil
 }
 
-// loadStateFiles reads the state files into the parts of server and into
-// alertQueue, as state.Load does.
+// loadStateFiles reads the state and cache files into the parts of server and
+// into alertQueue, as state.Load does.
 func loadStateFiles(
-	cfg *config.Config, server *discriminator.Server, alertQueue *alerts.Queue,
+	cfg *config.Config, server *waf.Server, alertQueue *alerts.Queue,
 	now func() time.Time, processLog *slog.Logger,
 ) (*state.Files, error) {
 	return state.Load(state.Params{
 		Dir:             cfg.StateDir,
+		CacheDir:        cfg.CacheDir,
 		WriteDelay:      cfg.StateWriteDelay,
 		CounterInterval: cfg.StateCounterInterval,
 		Ledger:          server.Ledger,
@@ -252,6 +256,7 @@ func loadStateFiles(
 		Lists:           server.Lists,
 		DNSBL:           server.DNSBL,
 		AbuseIPDB:       server.AbuseIPDB,
+		RouteWatch:      server.RouteWatch,
 		Alerts:          alertQueue,
 		Anomalies:       server.Anomalies,
 		Now:             now,
@@ -281,7 +286,7 @@ func newAlertQueue(
 }
 
 // newRemoteLogSender returns a sender of the log lines to
-// SWW_LOG_REMOTE_URL, with the settings for it.
+// SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_URL, with the settings for it.
 func newRemoteLogSender(cfg *config.Config) *remotelog.Sender {
 	return remotelog.New(remotelog.Params{
 		URL:      cfg.LogRemoteURL,
@@ -317,15 +322,15 @@ func startSending(
 	}
 }
 
-// serve serves requests on listener, writes the state files as they are
-// due, takes in an admin's edits of them, reads the rule files again as
+// serve serves requests on listener, writes the state and cache files as they
+// are due, takes in an admin's edits of them, reads the rule files again as
 // they change, and the lookup database when it is replaced, fetches the
 // lists the settings name by URL as they are due, and sends the alerts,
 // until ctx is done. Then it gives the requests in progress
-// shutdownTimeout to finish, and writes every state file, alerts.json with
-// the alerts still waiting.
+// shutdownTimeout to finish, and writes every state and cache file,
+// alerts.json with the alerts still waiting.
 func serve(
-	ctx context.Context, server *discriminator.Server, listener net.Listener,
+	ctx context.Context, server *waf.Server, listener net.Listener,
 	files *state.Files, ruleFiles *rules.Files, alertQueue *alerts.Queue,
 	processLog *slog.Logger,
 ) int {
@@ -393,7 +398,7 @@ func serve(
 
 	err = files.WriteAll()
 	if err != nil {
-		processLog.Error("writing the state files failed", "error", err.Error())
+		processLog.Error("writing the state and cache files failed", "error", err.Error())
 
 		return 1
 	}

internal/sww/sww_test.go

@@ -20,9 +20,10 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/config"
-	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/discriminator"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/config/configtest"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/lookup/lookuptest"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/sww"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/waf"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -34,21 +35,22 @@ const (
 	testVersion = "test"
 	// localhost is where the tests listen.
 	localhost            = "127.0.0.1"
-	listenAddr           = "SWW_LISTEN_ADDR"
-	stateDir             = "SWW_STATE_DIR"
-	stateWriteDelay      = "SWW_STATE_WRITE_DELAY"
-	stateCounterInterval = "SWW_STATE_COUNTER_INTERVAL"
-	rateLimitPerDay      = "SWW_RATE_LIMIT_PER_DAY"
-	rateLimitExemptNets  = "SWW_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_NETS"
-	rulesDir             = "SWW_RULES_DIR"
-	lookupSource         = "SWW_LOOKUP_SOURCE"
-	lookupDBPath         = "SWW_LOOKUP_DB_PATH"
-	instanceName         = "SWW_INSTANCE_NAME"
-	adminToken           = "SWW_ADMIN_TOKEN"   //nolint:gosec // the setting's name
-	metricsToken         = "SWW_METRICS_TOKEN" //nolint:gosec // the setting's name
-	// adminSecret is the SWW_ADMIN_TOKEN the tests set.
+	listenAddr           = "SWW_WAF_LISTEN_ADDR"
+	stateDir             = "SWW_WAF_STATE_DIR"
+	stateWriteDelay      = "SWW_WAF_STATE_WRITE_DELAY"
+	stateCounterInterval = "SWW_WAF_STATE_COUNTER_INTERVAL"
+	cacheDir             = "SWW_WAF_CACHE_DIR"
+	rateLimitPerDay      = "SWW_WAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_DAY"
+	rateLimitExemptNets  = "SWW_WAF_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_NETS"
+	rulesDir             = "SWW_WAF_RULES_DIR"
+	lookupSource         = "SWW_WAF_LOOKUP_SOURCE"
+	lookupDBPath         = "SWW_WAF_LOOKUP_DB_PATH"
+	instanceName         = "SWW_WAF_INSTANCE_NAME"
+	adminToken           = "SWW_WAF_ADMIN_TOKEN"   //nolint:gosec // the setting's name
+	metricsToken         = "SWW_WAF_METRICS_TOKEN" //nolint:gosec // the setting's name
+	// adminSecret is the SWW_WAF_ADMIN_TOKEN the tests set.
 	adminSecret = "fedcba9876543210fedcba9876543210"
-	// instance is the SWW_INSTANCE_NAME the tests set where they look at
+	// instance is the SWW_WAF_INSTANCE_NAME the tests set where they look at
 	// it.
 	instance = "fsn1app1/blog"
 	// greeting is what the tests' app answers.
@@ -92,6 +94,31 @@ func (o *output) line(t *testing.T, key, value string) map[string]any {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// lineBeforeExit returns the first line whose msg is msg, waiting for it
+// while sww runs. It waits as long as that takes, so that a slow start
+// cannot fail the test, and fails the test if sww exits first.
+func (o *output) lineBeforeExit(
+	t *testing.T, msg string, exited <-chan int,
+) map[string]any {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	for {
+		fields := o.findLine(t, func(fields map[string]any) bool {
+			return fields["msg"] == msg
+		})
+		if fields != nil {
+			return fields
+		}
+
+		select {
+		case status := <-exited:
+			t.Fatalf("exit status %d while waiting for a line with msg %q; output:\n%s",
+				status, msg, o.text())
+		case <-time.After(pollInterval):
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 // findLine returns the first line written so far for which matches is true, or
 // nil.
 func (o *output) findLine(
@@ -123,21 +150,25 @@ func (o *output) text() string {
 	return o.buf.String()
 }
 
-// run runs `sww discriminator` with the settings in env until ctx is done,
-// and returns its exit status. SWW_LOOKUP_SOURCE is off unless env sets it,
+// run runs `sww waf` with the settings in env until ctx is done,
+// and returns its exit status. SWW_WAF_LOOKUP_SOURCE is off unless env sets it,
 // so that no test sends GeoJS its clients' addresses.
 func run(ctx context.Context, env map[string]string, out *output) int {
-	return sww.RunDiscriminator(ctx, sww.Params{
-		Version: testVersion,
-		LookupEnv: func(name string) (string, bool) {
-			value, ok := env[name]
-			if !ok && name == "SWW_LOOKUP_SOURCE" {
-				return "off", true
-			}
+	v := configtest.Viper(env)
+	if _, set := env["SWW_WAF_LOOKUP_SOURCE"]; !set {
+		v.Set("SWW_WAF_LOOKUP_SOURCE", "off")
+	}
 
-			return value, ok
-		},
-		Stdout: out,
+	// The cache files go beside the state files unless the test says
+	// otherwise.
+	if _, set := env[cacheDir]; !set && env[stateDir] != "" {
+		v.Set(cacheDir, env[stateDir])
+	}
+
+	return sww.RunWAF(ctx, sww.Params{
+		Version: testVersion,
+		Viper:   v,
+		Stdout:  out,
 	})
 }
 
@@ -147,8 +178,8 @@ func TestInvalidSettingStopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
 	out := &output{}
 
 	status := run(t.Context(), map[string]string{
-		"SWW_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE": "lots",
-		instanceName:                 instance,
+		"SWW_WAF_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE": "lots",
+		instanceName:                     instance,
 	}, out)
 	if status != 1 {
 		t.Errorf("exit status %d, want 1", status)
@@ -159,7 +190,7 @@ func TestInvalidSettingStopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
 
 	if line["type"] != "process" || line["instance"] != instance ||
 		line["level"] != "ERROR" ||
-		!strings.HasPrefix(message, "SWW_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE: ") {
+		!strings.HasPrefix(message, "SWW_WAF_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE: ") {
 		t.Errorf("start refused with %v", line)
 	}
 }
@@ -215,7 +246,7 @@ func TestAddressInUseStopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("exit status %d, want 1", status)
 	}
 
-	out.line(t, "msg", "cannot listen on SWW_LISTEN_ADDR")
+	out.line(t, "msg", "cannot listen on SWW_WAF_LISTEN_ADDR")
 }
 
 func TestServesUntilToldToStop(t *testing.T) {
@@ -236,11 +267,12 @@ func TestServesUntilToldToStop(t *testing.T) {
 	}()
 
 	// The default rule file is read.
-	if rules := out.line(t, "msg", "read the rule files")["rules"]; rules != 12.0 {
+	readRules := out.lineBeforeExit(t, "read the rule files", exited)
+	if rules := readRules["rules"]; rules != 12.0 {
 		t.Errorf("read %v rules from the default rule file, want 12", rules)
 	}
 
-	starting := out.line(t, "msg", "starting")
+	starting := out.lineBeforeExit(t, "starting", exited)
 	wantStartingLine(t, starting, dir)
 
 	addr, _ := starting["address"].(string)
@@ -278,15 +310,15 @@ func TestLogLevelHoldsBackTheLessSevereProcessLines(t *testing.T) {
 
 	go func() {
 		exited <- run(ctx, map[string]string{
-			listenAddr:           localhost + ":0",
-			stateDir:             t.TempDir(),
-			rulesDir:             t.TempDir(),
-			"SWW_BLOCKLIST_URLS": lists.URL + "/tor.txt",
-			"SWW_LOG_LEVEL":      "warn",
+			listenAddr:               localhost + ":0",
+			stateDir:                 t.TempDir(),
+			rulesDir:                 t.TempDir(),
+			"SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_URLS": lists.URL + "/tor.txt",
+			"SWW_WAF_LOG_LEVEL":      "warn",
 		}, out)
 	}()
 
-	out.line(t, "msg", "fetching a list failed")
+	out.lineBeforeExit(t, "fetching a list failed", exited)
 	stop()
 
 	select {
@@ -385,7 +417,7 @@ func TestStateKeptAcrossRestarts(t *testing.T) {
 func TestBanRefusesItsNetblockAfterARestartWithAnotherScope(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	const scope = "SWW_BAN_SCOPE_V4_PREFIX"
+	const scope = "SWW_WAF_BAN_SCOPE_V4_PREFIX"
 
 	env := map[string]string{
 		listenAddr:      localhost + ":0",
@@ -505,7 +537,7 @@ func TestRuleFileAddedWhileRunningTakesEffect(t *testing.T) {
 		rulesDir:   dir,
 		// The requests sent until the rule takes effect must not break a
 		// rate limit, whose ban would refuse them too.
-		"SWW_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE": "off",
+		"SWW_WAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE": "off",
 	}
 
 	out := runUntilStopped(t, env, func(url string) {
@@ -548,7 +580,7 @@ func TestRulesDirThatDoesNotExistStopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
 
 	dir := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "rules.d")
 
-	wantRulesRefused(t, dir, "SWW_RULES_DIR cannot be read: open "+dir+
+	wantRulesRefused(t, dir, "SWW_WAF_RULES_DIR cannot be read: open "+dir+
 		": no such file or directory")
 }
 
@@ -560,14 +592,14 @@ func TestCoreRuleSetExclusionsFileThatCannotBeReadStopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
 
 	status := run(t.Context(), map[string]string{
 		listenAddr: localhost + ":0", stateDir: t.TempDir(), rulesDir: t.TempDir(),
-		"SWW_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE": path,
+		"SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE": path,
 	}, out)
 	if status != 1 {
 		t.Fatalf("exit status %d, want 1", status)
 	}
 
 	line := out.line(t, "msg", "cannot use the Core Rule Set")
-	want := "SWW_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE: read the exclusions file: open " +
+	want := "SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE: read the exclusions file: open " +
 		path + ": no such file or directory"
 
 	if line["error"] != want {
@@ -592,7 +624,8 @@ func TestCoreRuleSetExclusionsFileThatCannotBeUsedStopsTheStartWhileTheCoreRuleS
 
 		status := run(t.Context(), map[string]string{
 			listenAddr: localhost + ":0", stateDir: t.TempDir(), rulesDir: t.TempDir(),
-			"SWW_WAF_MODE": config.WAFModeOff, "SWW_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE": path,
+			"SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_MODE":            config.WAFModeOff,
+			"SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE": path,
 		}, out)
 		if status != 1 {
 			t.Fatalf("%s: exit status %d, want 1", path, status)
@@ -611,14 +644,14 @@ func TestLookupDatabaseReplacedWhileRunningTakesEffect(t *testing.T) {
 	writeLookupDatabase(t, path, "DE")
 
 	env := map[string]string{
-		listenAddr:     localhost + ":0",
-		stateDir:       t.TempDir(),
-		rulesDir:       t.TempDir(),
-		metricsToken:   token,
-		instanceName:   instance,
-		lookupSource:   "file",
-		lookupDBPath:   path,
-		"SWW_TAG_DENY": "country=KP",
+		listenAddr:         localhost + ":0",
+		stateDir:           t.TempDir(),
+		rulesDir:           t.TempDir(),
+		metricsToken:       token,
+		instanceName:       instance,
+		lookupSource:       "file",
+		lookupDBPath:       path,
+		"SWW_WAF_TAG_DENY": "country=KP",
 		// The requests sent until a replacement takes effect, and those
 		// for the metrics, must not break a rate limit, whose ban would
 		// refuse them too.
@@ -673,7 +706,7 @@ func TestLookupDatabaseReplacedWhileRunningTakesEffect(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestBlocklistTriesAndCopiesKeptInReputationJSONAcrossRestarts(t *testing.T) {
+func TestBlocklistTriesAndCopiesKeptInListsJSONAcrossRestarts(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	const (
@@ -706,14 +739,15 @@ func TestBlocklistTriesAndCopiesKeptInReputationJSONAcrossRestarts(t *testing.T)
 	t.Cleanup(server.Close)
 
 	torURL, dropURL := server.URL+torPath, server.URL+dropPath
-	dir := t.TempDir()
+	cache := t.TempDir()
 	env := map[string]string{
-		listenAddr:           localhost + ":0",
-		stateDir:             dir,
-		rulesDir:             t.TempDir(),
-		metricsToken:         token,
-		instanceName:         instance,
-		"SWW_BLOCKLIST_URLS": torURL,
+		listenAddr:               localhost + ":0",
+		stateDir:                 t.TempDir(),
+		cacheDir:                 cache,
+		rulesDir:                 t.TempDir(),
+		metricsToken:             token,
+		instanceName:             instance,
+		"SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_URLS": torURL,
 		// The requests sent until the list takes effect, and those for the
 		// metrics, must not break a rate limit, whose ban would refuse them
 		// too.
@@ -729,12 +763,12 @@ func TestBlocklistTriesAndCopiesKeptInReputationJSONAcrossRestarts(t *testing.T)
 	})
 
 	// Restarted with drop.txt named after it and the server answering, tor.txt
-	// waits SWW_BLOCKLIST_REFRESH after its failed try, kept in reputation.json,
+	// waits SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_REFRESH after its failed try, kept in lists.json,
 	// while drop.txt, never tried, is fetched at once. Lists are fetched in the
 	// order named, so once drop.txt refuses the client, tor.txt has had its turn.
 	failing.Store(false)
 
-	env["SWW_BLOCKLIST_URLS"] = torURL + "," + dropURL
+	env["SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_URLS"] = torURL + "," + dropURL
 	out := runUntilStopped(t, env, func(url string) {
 		for statusFrom(t, url, placed) != http.StatusForbidden {
 			time.Sleep(pollInterval)
@@ -747,8 +781,8 @@ func TestBlocklistTriesAndCopiesKeptInReputationJSONAcrossRestarts(t *testing.T)
 	}
 
 	// After another restart, with the server failing, the copy of drop.txt
-	// kept in reputation.json, its copyright line included, refuses the
-	// client from the first request.
+	// kept in lists.json, its copyright line included, refuses the client
+	// from the first request.
 	failing.Store(true)
 
 	out = runUntilStopped(t, env, func(url string) {
@@ -756,16 +790,16 @@ func TestBlocklistTriesAndCopiesKeptInReputationJSONAcrossRestarts(t *testing.T)
 	})
 	wantDeniedByList(t, out.line(t, "type", "request"), dropURL)
 
-	path := filepath.Join(dir, "reputation.json")
+	path := filepath.Join(cache, "lists.json")
 
 	kept, err := os.ReadFile(path) //nolint:gosec // a file in the test's directory
 	if err != nil || !strings.Contains(string(kept), `"`+copyright+`"`) {
-		t.Errorf("reputation.json holds\n%s\nwant the copy with %q (%v)", kept, copyright,
+		t.Errorf("lists.json holds\n%s\nwant the copy with %q (%v)", kept, copyright,
 			err)
 	}
 }
 
-func TestCrowdSecDecisionListKeptInReputationJSONAcrossARestart(t *testing.T) {
+func TestCrowdSecDecisionListKeptInListsJSONAcrossARestart(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	const bouncerKey = "crowdsec-key-0123456789abcdef"
@@ -788,13 +822,14 @@ func TestCrowdSecDecisionListKeptInReputationJSONAcrossARestart(t *testing.T) {
 		}))
 	t.Cleanup(engine.Close)
 
-	dir := t.TempDir()
+	dir, cache := t.TempDir(), t.TempDir()
 	env := map[string]string{
-		listenAddr:              localhost + ":0",
-		stateDir:                dir,
-		rulesDir:                t.TempDir(),
-		"SWW_CROWDSEC_LAPI_URL": engine.URL,
-		"SWW_CROWDSEC_LAPI_KEY": bouncerKey,
+		listenAddr:                  localhost + ":0",
+		stateDir:                    dir,
+		cacheDir:                    cache,
+		rulesDir:                    t.TempDir(),
+		"SWW_WAF_CROWDSEC_LAPI_URL": engine.URL,
+		"SWW_WAF_CROWDSEC_LAPI_KEY": bouncerKey,
 	}
 
 	// Once the list is fetched, the client's request bans it.
@@ -810,7 +845,7 @@ func TestCrowdSecDecisionListKeptInReputationJSONAcrossARestart(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("bans.json holds %v, want the ban for crowdsec on %s", ban, placed)
 	}
 
-	// Restarted with the engine down, the copy kept in reputation.json bans
+	// Restarted with the engine down, the copy kept in lists.json bans
 	// another client in the netblock from its first request.
 	down.Store(true)
 
@@ -818,22 +853,25 @@ func TestCrowdSecDecisionListKeptInReputationJSONAcrossARestart(t *testing.T) {
 		wantStatus(t, url, "203.0.113.10", http.StatusForbidden)
 	})
 
-	// The key is in neither run's output, nor in a state file.
-	files := []string{"bans.json", "reputation.json", "clients.json"}
+	// The key is in neither run's output, nor in a state or cache file.
+	files := []string{
+		filepath.Join(dir, "bans.json"), filepath.Join(dir, "clients.json"),
+		filepath.Join(cache, "lists.json"),
+	}
 	shown := make([]string, 0, len(files)+2)
 	shown = append(shown, first.text(), second.text())
 
-	for _, name := range files {
-		data, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(dir, name)) //nolint:gosec // the test's
+	for _, path := range files {
+		data, err := os.ReadFile(path) //nolint:gosec // the test's
 		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("read %s: %v", name, err)
+			t.Fatalf("read %s: %v", path, err)
 		}
 
 		shown = append(shown, string(data))
 	}
 
 	if all := strings.Join(shown, "\n"); strings.Contains(all, bouncerKey) {
-		t.Errorf("the key is shown in the output or the state files:\n%s", all)
+		t.Errorf("the key is shown in the output or the state and cache files:\n%s", all)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -868,7 +906,7 @@ func TestLookupDatabaseThatCannotBeReadStopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("exit status %d, want 1", status)
 	}
 
-	want := "SWW_LOOKUP_DB_PATH cannot be read: open " + path +
+	want := "SWW_WAF_LOOKUP_DB_PATH cannot be read: open " + path +
 		": no such file or directory"
 
 	line := out.line(t, "msg", "cannot use the lookup database")
@@ -890,10 +928,10 @@ func TestEveryLineIsAlsoSentToTheRemoteLogEndpoint(t *testing.T) {
 	}()
 
 	env := map[string]string{
-		listenAddr:           localhost + ":0",
-		stateDir:             t.TempDir(),
-		rulesDir:             t.TempDir(),
-		"SWW_LOG_REMOTE_URL": "syslog+tcp://" + endpoint.Addr().String(),
+		listenAddr:               localhost + ":0",
+		stateDir:                 t.TempDir(),
+		rulesDir:                 t.TempDir(),
+		"SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_URL": "syslog+tcp://" + endpoint.Addr().String(),
 	}
 
 	out := runUntilStopped(t, env, func(url string) {
@@ -945,13 +983,13 @@ func TestStalledRemoteLogEndpointHoldsUpNoRequest(t *testing.T) {
 	}()
 
 	env := map[string]string{
-		listenAddr:              localhost + ":0",
-		stateDir:                t.TempDir(),
-		rulesDir:                t.TempDir(),
-		"SWW_LOG_REMOTE_URL":    "syslog+tls://" + endpoint.Addr().String(),
-		"SWW_LOG_REMOTE_BUFFER": "1",
-		metricsToken:            token,
-		instanceName:            instance,
+		listenAddr:                  localhost + ":0",
+		stateDir:                    t.TempDir(),
+		rulesDir:                    t.TempDir(),
+		"SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_URL":    "syslog+tls://" + endpoint.Addr().String(),
+		"SWW_WAF_LOG_REMOTE_BUFFER": "1",
+		metricsToken:                token,
+		instanceName:                instance,
 	}
 
 	out := runUntilStopped(t, env, func(url string) {
@@ -1015,12 +1053,12 @@ func TestBanIsAlertedAndAnAlertNotSentIsKeptAcrossARestart(t *testing.T) {
 
 	dir := t.TempDir()
 	env := map[string]string{
-		listenAddr:                  localhost + ":0",
-		stateDir:                    dir,
-		rulesDir:                    rules,
-		"SWW_ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL":     webhook.url,
-		"SWW_ALERT_WEBHOOK_HEADERS": "Authorization:Bearer " + adminSecret,
-		instanceName:                instance,
+		listenAddr:                      localhost + ":0",
+		stateDir:                        dir,
+		rulesDir:                        rules,
+		"SWW_WAF_ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL":     webhook.url,
+		"SWW_WAF_ALERT_WEBHOOK_HEADERS": "Authorization:Bearer " + adminSecret,
+		instanceName:                    instance,
 	}
 
 	runUntilStopped(t, env, func(url string) {
@@ -1068,7 +1106,7 @@ func TestBanIsAlertedAndAnAlertNotSentIsKeptAcrossARestart(t *testing.T) {
 
 	webhook.failing.Store(false)
 
-	env["SWW_ALLOW_NETS"] = localhost
+	env["SWW_WAF_ALLOW_NETS"] = localhost
 	env[metricsToken] = token
 
 	runUntilStopped(t, env, func(url string) {
@@ -1108,12 +1146,12 @@ func TestBanIsAlertedToSlackAndNtfy(t *testing.T) {
 		rulesDir:        t.TempDir(),
 		rateLimitPerDay: "1",
 		// The metrics are read from 127.0.0.1, which no limit counts.
-		"SWW_ALLOW_NETS":              localhost + "/32",
-		metricsToken:                  token,
-		instanceName:                  instance,
-		"SWW_ALERT_SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL": slack.url,
-		"SWW_ALERT_NTFY_URL":          ntfy.url,
-		"SWW_ALERT_NTFY_TOKEN":        ntfyToken,
+		"SWW_WAF_ALLOW_NETS":              localhost + "/32",
+		metricsToken:                      token,
+		instanceName:                      instance,
+		"SWW_WAF_ALERT_SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL": slack.url,
+		"SWW_WAF_ALERT_NTFY_URL":          ntfy.url,
+		"SWW_WAF_ALERT_NTFY_TOKEN":        ntfyToken,
 	}
 
 	runUntilStopped(t, env, func(url string) {
@@ -1178,7 +1216,30 @@ func TestUnwritableStateDirStopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	wantStartRefused(t, filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "missing"),
-		"SWW_STATE_DIR cannot be written: ")
+		"SWW_WAF_STATE_DIR cannot be written: ")
+}
+
+func TestUnwritableCacheDirStopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	ctx, stop := context.WithTimeout(t.Context(), waitLimit)
+	defer stop()
+
+	out := &output{}
+
+	status := run(ctx, map[string]string{
+		listenAddr: localhost + ":0", stateDir: t.TempDir(), rulesDir: t.TempDir(),
+		cacheDir: filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "missing"),
+	}, out)
+	if status != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("exit status %d, want 1", status)
+	}
+
+	line := out.line(t, "msg", "cannot use the state and cache files")
+	if message, _ := line["error"].(string); !strings.HasPrefix(message,
+		"SWW_WAF_CACHE_DIR cannot be written: ") {
+		t.Errorf("start refused with %q, want SWW_WAF_CACHE_DIR named", message)
+	}
 }
 
 // wantStartRefused runs sww with its state files in dir, and
@@ -1199,7 +1260,7 @@ func wantStartRefused(t *testing.T, dir, want string) {
 		t.Fatalf("exit status %d, want 1", status)
 	}
 
-	line := out.line(t, "msg", "cannot use the state files")
+	line := out.line(t, "msg", "cannot use the state and cache files")
 	message, _ := line["error"].(string)
 
 	if !strings.HasPrefix(message, want) {
@@ -1245,7 +1306,7 @@ func startApp(t *testing.T) string {
 	return app.URL
 }
 
-// runUntilStopped runs `sww discriminator` with the settings in env, has use
+// runUntilStopped runs `sww waf` with the settings in env, has use
 // send it requests at url, then stops it as SIGTERM does, checks that it
 // stopped in order, and returns its output.
 func runUntilStopped(
@@ -1261,7 +1322,7 @@ func runUntilStopped(
 		exited <- run(ctx, env, out)
 	}()
 
-	addr, _ := out.line(t, "msg", "starting")["address"].(string)
+	addr, _ := out.lineBeforeExit(t, "starting", exited)["address"].(string)
 	use("http://" + addr + "/")
 	stop()
 
@@ -1284,28 +1345,28 @@ func wantStartingLine(t *testing.T, line map[string]any, dir string) {
 
 	settings, _ := line["settings"].(map[string]any)
 	want := map[string]any{
-		listenAddr:                          localhost + ":0",
-		stateDir:                            dir,
-		"SWW_MODE":                          "enforce",
-		stateWriteDelay:                     "10s",
-		stateCounterInterval:                "15m",
-		"SWW_ALLOW_NETS":                    "",
-		rateLimitExemptNets:                 "",
-		"SWW_DENY_NETS":                     "",
-		"SWW_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE":         "120",
-		"SWW_RATE_LIMIT_PER_HOUR":           "1500",
-		rateLimitPerDay:                     "6000",
-		"SWW_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_PATHS":       "",
-		"SWW_TAG_DENY":                      "",
-		"SWW_EXCLUSIVELY_ALLOWED_COUNTRIES": "",
-		"SWW_BAN_RESPONSE":                  "403",
-		"SWW_LIMIT_BAN_DURATION":            "1h",
-		"SWW_LIMIT_BAN_REPEAT_WINDOW":       "24h",
-		"SWW_MAX_BAN_DURATION":              "7d",
-		"SWW_ATTACK_BAN_DURATION":           "7d",
-		"SWW_MAX_BANS":                      "5000",
-		"SWW_BAN_SCOPE_V4_PREFIX":           "32",
-		"SWW_RULES_ENABLED":                 "true",
+		listenAddr:                              localhost + ":0",
+		stateDir:                                dir,
+		"SWW_WAF_MODE":                          "enforce",
+		stateWriteDelay:                         "10s",
+		stateCounterInterval:                    "15m",
+		"SWW_WAF_ALLOW_NETS":                    "",
+		rateLimitExemptNets:                     "",
+		"SWW_WAF_DENY_NETS":                     "",
+		"SWW_WAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE":         "120",
+		"SWW_WAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_HOUR":           "1500",
+		rateLimitPerDay:                         "6000",
+		"SWW_WAF_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_PATHS":       "",
+		"SWW_WAF_TAG_DENY":                      "",
+		"SWW_WAF_EXCLUSIVELY_ALLOWED_COUNTRIES": "",
+		"SWW_WAF_BAN_RESPONSE":                  "403",
+		"SWW_WAF_LIMIT_BAN_DURATION":            "1h",
+		"SWW_WAF_LIMIT_BAN_REPEAT_WINDOW":       "24h",
+		"SWW_WAF_MAX_BAN_DURATION":              "7d",
+		"SWW_WAF_ATTACK_BAN_DURATION":           "7d",
+		"SWW_WAF_MAX_BANS":                      "5000",
+		"SWW_WAF_BAN_SCOPE_V4_PREFIX":           "32",
+		"SWW_WAF_RULES_ENABLED":                 "true",
 	}
 
 	for name, value := range want {
@@ -1319,7 +1380,7 @@ func wantStartingLine(t *testing.T, line map[string]any, dir string) {
 	}
 }
 
-// wantAllowed checks that discriminator at url allows a request from localhost.
+// wantAllowed checks that waf at url allows a request from localhost.
 func wantAllowed(t *testing.T, url string) {
 	t.Helper()
 
@@ -1504,8 +1565,8 @@ func onlyBan(t *testing.T, dir string) map[string]any {
 	return file.Bans[0]
 }
 
-// wantRefused checks that discriminator at url refuses a request from localhost with
-// 403, the default SWW_BAN_RESPONSE.
+// wantRefused checks that waf at url refuses a request from localhost with
+// 403, the default SWW_WAF_BAN_RESPONSE.
 func wantRefused(t *testing.T, url string) {
 	t.Helper()
 
@@ -1546,8 +1607,8 @@ func saveUntilAnswered(t *testing.T, path, content, url, from string, status int
 	}
 }
 
-// destination is a stand-in for SWW_ALERT_SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL or
-// SWW_ALERT_NTFY_URL. It notes each request it is sent, and answers
+// destination is a stand-in for SWW_WAF_ALERT_SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL or
+// SWW_WAF_ALERT_NTFY_URL. It notes each request it is sent, and answers
 // 200.
 type destination struct {
 	url string
@@ -1606,7 +1667,7 @@ func (d *destination) firstPost(t *testing.T) destinationPost {
 	}
 }
 
-// webhook is a stand-in for SWW_ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL. It notes each alert
+// webhook is a stand-in for SWW_WAF_ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL. It notes each alert
 // it is sent, and answers 204, or 503 while failing.
 type webhook struct {
 	url     string
@@ -1681,8 +1742,8 @@ func (w *webhook) waitFor(t *testing.T, event string, answered bool) webhookPost
 }
 
 // statusFrom returns the status a request to url from the client at from is
-// answered with. The request serves rproxy and discriminator alike. rproxy reads the
-// client from X-Forwarded-For, and replaces the other two headers. To discriminator,
+// answered with. The request serves rproxy and waf alike. rproxy reads the
+// client from X-Forwarded-For, and replaces the other two headers. To waf,
 // they make it a question about that client.
 func statusFrom(t *testing.T, url, from string) int {
 	t.Helper()
@@ -1694,7 +1755,7 @@ func statusFrom(t *testing.T, url, from string) int {
 	}
 
 	req.Header.Set("X-Forwarded-For", from)
-	req.Header.Set(discriminator.ClientHeader, from)
+	req.Header.Set(waf.ClientHeader, from)
 	req.Header.Set("X-Request-ID", rand.Text())
 
 	transport := &http.Transport{}

internal/sww/waf_test.go

@@ -9,13 +9,17 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"os/exec"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"regexp"
 	"strings"
 	"syscall"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
+	// The time zone database, so that the process TestMainRunsWAF starts
+	// finds the zone TZ names on any host.
+	_ "time/tzdata"
 
-	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/discriminator"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/sww"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/waf"
 )
 
 // commandForMain, while set in the environment, has this test binary run Main
@@ -34,49 +38,116 @@ func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
 	os.Exit(sww.Main(testVersion))
 }
 
-func TestMainRunsDiscriminator(t *testing.T) {
+// startProcess starts cmd and returns a channel that gets its exit status. As
+// the test ends, cmd is killed and the test waits for it to exit.
+func startProcess(t *testing.T, cmd *exec.Cmd) <-chan int {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	err := cmd.Start()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("start: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	exited := make(chan int, 1)
+	waitReturned := make(chan struct{})
+
+	go func() {
+		_ = cmd.Wait()
+		exited <- cmd.ProcessState.ExitCode()
+
+		close(waitReturned)
+	}()
+
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		_ = cmd.Process.Kill()
+
+		<-waitReturned
+	})
+
+	return exited
+}
+
+func TestMainRunsWAF(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
+	// Kiritimati is 14 hours ahead of UTC; every time sww gives stays in UTC.
+	const zone = "Pacific/Kiritimati"
+
+	_, err := time.LoadLocation(zone)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("load %s: %v", zone, err)
+	}
+
 	binary, err := os.Executable()
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("find the test binary: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(t.Context(), 3*waitLimit)
-	defer cancel()
-
+	dir := t.TempDir()
 	out := &output{}
-	cmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, binary) //nolint:gosec // this test binary
+	cmd := exec.CommandContext(t.Context(), binary) //nolint:gosec // this test binary
 	cmd.Stdout = out
 
 	cmd.Env = append(os.Environ(),
-		commandForMain+"="+discriminatorCommand,
+		"TZ="+zone,
+		commandForMain+"="+wafCommand,
 		listenAddr+"="+localhost+":0",
-		stateDir+"="+t.TempDir(),
+		stateDir+"="+dir,
+		cacheDir+"="+dir,
 		rulesDir+"="+t.TempDir(),
 		lookupSource+"=off")
 
-	err = cmd.Start()
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("start: %v", err)
-	}
+	exited := startProcess(t, cmd)
 
-	t.Cleanup(func() {
-		_ = cmd.Process.Kill()
-		_ = cmd.Wait()
-	})
-
-	addr, _ := out.line(t, "msg", "starting")["address"].(string)
-	ask(t, addr, "/", http.StatusOK, discriminator.DispositionAllow)
+	starting := out.lineBeforeExit(t, "starting", exited)
+	addr, _ := starting["address"].(string)
+	ask(t, addr, "/", http.StatusOK, waf.DispositionAllow)
 
+	// The files are written as sww stops.
 	err = cmd.Process.Signal(syscall.SIGTERM)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("signal: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	err = cmd.Wait()
+	select {
+	case status := <-exited:
+		if status != 0 {
+			t.Fatalf("exit status %d, want 0; output:\n%s", status, out.text())
+		}
+	case <-time.After(waitLimit):
+		t.Fatal("still running after being told to stop")
+	}
+
+	wantUTC(t, "the process line", starting["time"])
+	wantUTC(t, "the request line", out.line(t, "type", "request")["time"])
+
+	path := filepath.Join(dir, "clients.json")
+
+	clients, err := os.ReadFile(path) //nolint:gosec // a file in the test's directory
 	if err != nil {
-		t.Errorf("exit: %v; output:\n%s", err, out.text())
+		t.Fatalf("read clients.json: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	stamp := regexp.MustCompile(`"\d{4}-\d\d-\d\dT[^"]*"`)
+
+	times := stamp.FindAllString(string(clients), -1)
+	if len(times) == 0 {
+		t.Errorf("clients.json holds no time:\n%s", clients)
+	}
+
+	for _, stored := range times {
+		wantUTC(t, "clients.json", strings.Trim(stored, `"`))
+	}
+}
+
+// wantUTC checks that value, a time read from the log line or file that
+// where names, is in UTC.
+func wantUTC(t *testing.T, where string, value any) {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	text, _ := value.(string)
+	if !strings.HasSuffix(text, "Z") {
+		t.Errorf("%s gives the time %v, want one in UTC", where, value)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -108,7 +179,7 @@ func TestMainWithoutACommandItKnowsPrintsTheCommands(t *testing.T) {
 				t.Errorf("exit status %d (%v), want 2", code, err)
 			}
 
-			for _, name := range []string{"rproxy", discriminatorCommand, "healthcheck"} {
+			for _, name := range []string{"rproxy", wafCommand, "healthcheck"} {
 				if !strings.Contains(stderr.String(), name) {
 					t.Errorf("stderr %q does not name %s", stderr.String(), name)
 				}
@@ -121,7 +192,7 @@ func TestMainWithoutACommandItKnowsPrintsTheCommands(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-// ask sends discriminator at addr rproxy's question about a request for path from
+// ask sends waf at addr rproxy's question about a request for path from
 // placed, checks the answer's status and disposition, and closes it.
 func ask(t *testing.T, addr, path string, status int, disposition string) {
 	t.Helper()
@@ -132,7 +203,7 @@ func ask(t *testing.T, addr, path string, status int, disposition string) {
 		t.Fatalf("new request: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	req.Header.Set(discriminator.ClientHeader, placed)
+	req.Header.Set(waf.ClientHeader, placed)
 	req.Header.Set("X-Request-ID", rand.Text())
 
 	transport := &http.Transport{}
@@ -147,16 +218,16 @@ func ask(t *testing.T, addr, path string, status int, disposition string) {
 	_ = res.Body.Close()
 
 	if res.StatusCode != status ||
-		res.Header.Get(discriminator.DispositionHeader) != disposition {
+		res.Header.Get(waf.DispositionHeader) != disposition {
 		t.Errorf("answered %d with disposition %q, want %d with %q", res.StatusCode,
-			res.Header.Get(discriminator.DispositionHeader), status, disposition)
+			res.Header.Get(waf.DispositionHeader), status, disposition)
 	}
 }
 
-// runDiscriminator runs `sww discriminator` with the settings in env, has use
+// runWAF runs `sww waf` with the settings in env, has use
 // send it requests at the address it listens on, stops it as SIGTERM does, and
 // checks that it stopped in order.
-func runDiscriminator(t *testing.T, env map[string]string, use func(addr string)) {
+func runWAF(t *testing.T, env map[string]string, use func(addr string)) {
 	t.Helper()
 
 	ctx, stop := context.WithCancel(t.Context())
@@ -167,7 +238,7 @@ func runDiscriminator(t *testing.T, env map[string]string, use func(addr string)
 		exited <- run(ctx, env, out)
 	}()
 
-	addr, _ := out.line(t, "msg", "starting")["address"].(string)
+	addr, _ := out.lineBeforeExit(t, "starting", exited)["address"].(string)
 	use(addr)
 	stop()
 
@@ -183,7 +254,7 @@ func runDiscriminator(t *testing.T, env map[string]string, use func(addr string)
 	out.line(t, "msg", "stopped")
 }
 
-func TestDiscriminatorKeepsItsBansAcrossARestartAndNeedsNoApp(t *testing.T) {
+func TestWAFKeepsItsBansAcrossARestartAndNeedsNoApp(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	env := map[string]string{
@@ -192,13 +263,13 @@ func TestDiscriminatorKeepsItsBansAcrossARestartAndNeedsNoApp(t *testing.T) {
 		rulesDir:   filepath.Join("..", "..", "share", "rules.d"),
 	}
 
-	runDiscriminator(t, env, func(addr string) {
-		ask(t, addr, "/", http.StatusOK, discriminator.DispositionAllow)
+	runWAF(t, env, func(addr string) {
+		ask(t, addr, "/", http.StatusOK, waf.DispositionAllow)
 		// The default rule file bans a probe for this.
-		ask(t, addr, "/.env", http.StatusForbidden, discriminator.DispositionDeny)
+		ask(t, addr, "/.env", http.StatusForbidden, waf.DispositionDeny)
 	})
 
-	runDiscriminator(t, env, func(addr string) {
-		ask(t, addr, "/", http.StatusForbidden, discriminator.DispositionDeny)
+	runWAF(t, env, func(addr string) {
+		ask(t, addr, "/", http.StatusForbidden, waf.DispositionDeny)
 	})
 }

internal/waf/abuseipdb.go

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-package discriminator
+package waf
 
-// The heuristic abuseipdb. It reads SWW_ABUSEIPDB_KEY,
-// SWW_ABUSEIPDB_MIN_SCORE and SWW_REPUTATION_ACTION.
+// The heuristic abuseipdb. It reads SWW_WAF_ABUSEIPDB_KEY,
+// SWW_WAF_ABUSEIPDB_MIN_SCORE and SWW_WAF_REPUTATION_ACTION.
 
 import (
 	"context"
@@ -16,12 +16,12 @@ import (
 
 // abuseIPDB adds the tag abuseipdb and notes AbuseIPDB, as noteHit does, with
 // the score, when its score of the client is a hit, and refuses the request
-// when SWW_REPUTATION_ACTION is deny, as dnsbl does for a zone. While
-// SWW_ABUSEIPDB_KEY is unset it does nothing. A client without a score is
+// when SWW_WAF_REPUTATION_ACTION is deny, as dnsbl does for a zone. While
+// SWW_WAF_ABUSEIPDB_KEY is unset it does nothing. A client without a score is
 // checked in the background, by the request's address, if its history counts
 // an offence, and the request does not wait for the answer. The score is then
 // used for each address of the client. Its figures are the score and
-// SWW_ABUSEIPDB_MIN_SCORE.
+// SWW_WAF_ABUSEIPDB_MIN_SCORE.
 type abuseIPDB struct{}
 
 func (abuseIPDB) name() string { return "abuseipdb" }
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ func (abuseIPDB) check(ctx context.Context, rq *request, _ time.Time) *verdict {
 	rq.abuseIPDBHit = true
 	rq.addTag(config.AbuseIPDBTag)
 	rq.noteHit(bans.ReputationHit{Source: reputation.AbuseIPDBSource, Score: &score},
-		"scored by AbuseIPDB at or over SWW_ABUSEIPDB_MIN_SCORE")
+		"scored by AbuseIPDB at or over SWW_WAF_ABUSEIPDB_MIN_SCORE")
 
 	if rq.h.config.ReputationAction != deny {
 		return nil

internal/waf/admin.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package discriminator
+package waf
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
@@ -49,9 +49,9 @@ func (rq *request) answerHealth() {
 	_, _ = io.WriteString(rq.out, "ok\n")
 }
 
-// answerAdmin answers a request for one of discriminator's own endpoints. Each
+// answerAdmin answers a request for one of waf's own endpoints. Each
 // needs a token, sent as Authorization: Bearer <token>: the metrics
-// SWW_METRICS_TOKEN, the others SWW_ADMIN_TOKEN. A request without it is
+// SWW_WAF_METRICS_TOKEN, the others SWW_WAF_ADMIN_TOKEN. A request without it is
 // refused with 401. An endpoint whose token is unset answers 404, as any other
 // path does.
 func (rq *request) answerAdmin() {
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ type clientAnswer struct {
 	Bans   []state.BanEntry  `json:"bans"`
 }
 
-// showClient answers GET ClientsPath<ip> with what discriminator knows of the client:
+// showClient answers GET ClientsPath<ip> with what waf knows of the client:
 // its counters, its history, which holds its country as last looked up and its
 // offences, and its bans with their notes.
 func (rq *request) showClient() {

internal/waf/admin_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package discriminator_test
+package waf_test
 
 import (
 	"encoding/json"
@@ -10,15 +10,15 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/bans"
-	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/discriminator"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/ratelimit"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/requestlog"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/state"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/waf"
 )
 
 const (
-	adminToken = "SWW_ADMIN_TOKEN" //nolint:gosec // the setting's name
-	// adminSecret is the SWW_ADMIN_TOKEN the tests set, and adminBearer
+	adminToken = "SWW_WAF_ADMIN_TOKEN" //nolint:gosec // the setting's name
+	// adminSecret is the SWW_WAF_ADMIN_TOKEN the tests set, and adminBearer
 	// how a request carries it.
 	adminSecret = "fedcba9876543210fedcba9876543210"
 	adminBearer = "Bearer " + adminSecret
@@ -88,11 +88,11 @@ func TestAdminEndpointsNeedTheAdminToken(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Any other request under /_sww/ is not found.
 	for _, e := range []adminEndpoint{
-		{http.MethodPut, discriminator.BansPath, banOtherClient},
-		{http.MethodDelete, discriminator.BansPath, ""},
-		{http.MethodGet, discriminator.BansPath + "/" + otherClient, ""},
-		{http.MethodPost, discriminator.ClientsPath + otherClient, ""},
-		{http.MethodGet, strings.TrimSuffix(discriminator.ClientsPath, "/"), ""},
+		{http.MethodPut, waf.BansPath, banOtherClient},
+		{http.MethodDelete, waf.BansPath, ""},
+		{http.MethodGet, waf.BansPath + "/" + otherClient, ""},
+		{http.MethodPost, waf.ClientsPath + otherClient, ""},
+		{http.MethodGet, strings.TrimSuffix(waf.ClientsPath, "/"), ""},
 	} {
 		s.admin(e.method, e.path, e.body, http.StatusNotFound)
 	}
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ func TestBanAddedListedAndLiftedThroughTheEndpoints(t *testing.T) {
 		Reason:   "probes for logins",
 	}
 
-	wantBans(t, s.admin(http.MethodPost, discriminator.BansPath, banOtherClient,
+	wantBans(t, s.admin(http.MethodPost, waf.BansPath, banOtherClient,
 		http.StatusOK), want)
 
 	line := s.get(client, http.StatusForbidden, requestlog.ActionTemporarilyBanned)
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ func TestBanAddedListedAndLiftedThroughTheEndpoints(t *testing.T) {
 	// Its notes count the request it refused.
 	want.Notes.Requests, want.Notes.Refused = 1, 1
 
-	wantBans(t, s.admin(http.MethodGet, discriminator.BansPath, "", http.StatusOK), want)
+	wantBans(t, s.admin(http.MethodGet, waf.BansPath, "", http.StatusOK), want)
 
 	// Ten minutes on, lifting the bans on client lifts that one, which is
 	// kept, marked lifted.
@@ -138,13 +138,13 @@ func TestBanAddedListedAndLiftedThroughTheEndpoints(t *testing.T) {
 	lifted := clk.Now()
 	want.Lifted = &lifted
 
-	wantBans(t, s.admin(http.MethodDelete, discriminator.BansPath+"/"+client, "",
+	wantBans(t, s.admin(http.MethodDelete, waf.BansPath+"/"+client, "",
 		http.StatusOK), want)
 	s.get(client, http.StatusOK, requestlog.ActionForward)
-	wantBans(t, s.admin(http.MethodGet, discriminator.BansPath, "", http.StatusOK), want)
+	wantBans(t, s.admin(http.MethodGet, waf.BansPath, "", http.StatusOK), want)
 
 	// No ban on it is active any more.
-	s.admin(http.MethodDelete, discriminator.BansPath+"/"+client, "", http.StatusNotFound)
+	s.admin(http.MethodDelete, waf.BansPath+"/"+client, "", http.StatusNotFound)
 }
 
 func TestBanToAddGivesItsNetblockAndDuration(t *testing.T) {
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ func TestBanToAddGivesItsNetblockAndDuration(t *testing.T) {
 			want.Expires = &expires
 		}
 
-		wantBans(t, s.admin(http.MethodPost, discriminator.BansPath, body, http.StatusOK),
+		wantBans(t, s.admin(http.MethodPost, waf.BansPath, body, http.StatusOK),
 			want)
 	}
 }
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ func TestBanToAddThatCannotBeReadIsRefused(t *testing.T) {
 			"request body too large",
 		},
 	} {
-		got := s.admin(http.MethodPost, discriminator.BansPath, tc.body,
+		got := s.admin(http.MethodPost, waf.BansPath, tc.body,
 			http.StatusBadRequest)
 		if !strings.Contains(string(got.body), tc.want) {
 			t.Errorf("%.80s was answered %q, want it to say %q", tc.body, got.body, tc.want)
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ func TestClientEndpointShowsTheClientAndItsBans(t *testing.T) {
 			Bans   []state.BanEntry  `json:"bans"`
 		}
 
-		decode(t, s.admin(http.MethodGet, discriminator.ClientsPath+addr, "",
+		decode(t, s.admin(http.MethodGet, waf.ClientsPath+addr, "",
 			http.StatusOK), &got)
 
 		if got.Client == nil {
@@ -308,15 +308,15 @@ func TestClientEndpointShowsTheClientAndItsBans(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Of an address no request came from and no ban covers, nothing is
 	// known.
-	got := s.admin(http.MethodGet, discriminator.ClientsPath+"198.51.100.99", "",
+	got := s.admin(http.MethodGet, waf.ClientsPath+"198.51.100.99", "",
 		http.StatusOK)
 	if string(got.body) != "{\n    \"client\": null,\n    \"bans\": []\n}\n" {
 		t.Errorf("an unknown client is answered\n%s", got.body)
 	}
 
-	s.admin(http.MethodGet, discriminator.ClientsPath+"203.0.113", "",
+	s.admin(http.MethodGet, waf.ClientsPath+"203.0.113", "",
 		http.StatusBadRequest)
-	s.admin(http.MethodDelete, discriminator.BansPath+"/203.0.113.0/24", "",
+	s.admin(http.MethodDelete, waf.BansPath+"/203.0.113.0/24", "",
 		http.StatusBadRequest)
 }
 
@@ -337,24 +337,24 @@ func TestAdminEndpointsNeedTheTokenInObserveMode(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-// adminEndpoint is a request to an endpoint SWW_ADMIN_TOKEN opens.
+// adminEndpoint is a request to an endpoint SWW_WAF_ADMIN_TOKEN opens.
 type adminEndpoint struct {
 	method, path, body string
 }
 
-// adminEndpoints returns a request to each endpoint SWW_ADMIN_TOKEN
+// adminEndpoints returns a request to each endpoint SWW_WAF_ADMIN_TOKEN
 // opens: listing the bans, banning otherClient for an hour, lifting the
 // bans on otherClient, and asking about otherClient.
 func adminEndpoints() []adminEndpoint {
 	return []adminEndpoint{
-		{http.MethodGet, discriminator.BansPath, ""},
-		{http.MethodPost, discriminator.BansPath, banOtherClient},
-		{http.MethodDelete, discriminator.BansPath + "/" + otherClient, ""},
-		{http.MethodGet, discriminator.ClientsPath + otherClient, ""},
+		{http.MethodGet, waf.BansPath, ""},
+		{http.MethodPost, waf.BansPath, banOtherClient},
+		{http.MethodDelete, waf.BansPath + "/" + otherClient, ""},
+		{http.MethodGet, waf.ClientsPath + otherClient, ""},
 	}
 }
 
-// admin sends a request with method for path, with body, to discriminator's own
+// admin sends a request with method for path, with body, to waf's own
 // address, with the admin token, and checks that it is answered with status, its
 // log line's action own_endpoint. It returns the answer.
 func (s *sender) admin(method, path, body string, status int) answer {
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ func (s *sender) ownEndpointRequest(
 ) answer {
 	s.t.Helper()
 
-	req := newRequest(s.t, method, s.discriminatorAddr, path, strings.NewReader(body))
+	req := newRequest(s.t, method, s.wafAddr, path, strings.NewReader(body))
 	if authorization != "" {
 		req.Header.Set("Authorization", authorization)
 	}

internal/waf/alerts_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package discriminator_test
+package waf_test
 
 import (
 	"maps"
@@ -10,13 +10,13 @@ import (
 
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/alerts"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/bans"
-	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/discriminator"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/requestlog"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/waf"
 )
 
 const (
-	alertWebhookURL = "SWW_ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL"
-	alertMaxPerHour = "SWW_ALERT_MAX_PER_HOUR"
+	alertWebhookURL = "SWW_WAF_ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL"
+	alertMaxPerHour = "SWW_WAF_ALERT_MAX_PER_HOUR"
 	// alertInstance is the instance every alert of these tests gives.
 	alertInstance = "fsn1app1/blog"
 )
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ func TestObserveModeWorksOutABanOnlyWhenItsAlertWouldBeSent(t *testing.T) {
 // never sent them, and returns the queue they wait in as well.
 func startWithAlerts(
 	t *testing.T, env map[string]string,
-) (*sender, *clock, *discriminator.Server, *alerts.Queue) {
+) (*sender, *clock, *waf.Server, *alerts.Queue) {
 	t.Helper()
 
 	return startAppWithAlerts(t, func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request) {}, env)
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ func startWithAlerts(
 // startAppWithAlerts is startWithAlerts in front of the app handler.
 func startAppWithAlerts(
 	t *testing.T, handler http.HandlerFunc, env map[string]string,
-) (*sender, *clock, *discriminator.Server, *alerts.Queue) {
+) (*sender, *clock, *waf.Server, *alerts.Queue) {
 	t.Helper()
 
 	app := startApp(t, handler)
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ func startAppWithAlerts(
 
 	addr, out, server, queue := startProxyWithAlerts(t, app.URL, "", clk.Now, settings)
 
-	s := &sender{t: t, addr: addr, discriminatorAddr: server.Addr, out: out}
+	s := &sender{t: t, addr: addr, wafAddr: server.Addr, out: out}
 
 	return s, clk, server, queue
 }

internal/waf/anomaly_internal_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package discriminator
+package waf
 
 import (
 	"net/netip"

internal/waf/anomaly_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package discriminator_test
+package waf_test
 
 import (
 	"maps"
@@ -13,19 +13,19 @@ import (
 
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/alerts"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/anomaly"
-	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/discriminator"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/ratelimit"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/requestlog"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/waf"
 )
 
 // The anomaly thresholds: the prefix of a scope followed by the end of a
 // count.
 const (
-	anomalyClient = "SWW_ANOMALY_CLIENT_"
-	anomalyNet    = "SWW_ANOMALY_NET_"
-	anomalyASN    = "SWW_ANOMALY_ASN_"
-	anomalyTotal  = "SWW_ANOMALY_TOTAL_"
-	anomalyWatch  = "SWW_WATCH_"
+	anomalyClient = "SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_CLIENT_"
+	anomalyNet    = "SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_NET_"
+	anomalyASN    = "SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_ASN_"
+	anomalyTotal  = "SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_TOTAL_"
+	anomalyWatch  = "SWW_WAF_WATCH_"
 
 	requestsPerMinute = "REQUESTS_PER_MINUTE"
 	requestsPerHour   = "REQUESTS_PER_HOUR"
@@ -35,9 +35,9 @@ const (
 
 // The other anomaly settings.
 const (
-	anomalyNetV4Prefix = "SWW_ANOMALY_NET_V4_PREFIX"
-	anomalyNetV6Prefix = "SWW_ANOMALY_NET_V6_PREFIX"
-	watchNets          = "SWW_WATCH_NETS"
+	anomalyNetV4Prefix = "SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_NET_V4_PREFIX"
+	anomalyNetV6Prefix = "SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_NET_V6_PREFIX"
+	watchNets          = "SWW_WAF_WATCH_NETS"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -164,9 +164,9 @@ func TestEveryRequestIsCountedWhateverIsDoneWithIt(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	const (
-		allowed = "192.0.2.7"  // in SWW_ALLOW_NETS
-		exempt  = "192.0.2.10" // in SWW_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_NETS
-		denied  = "192.0.2.20" // in SWW_DENY_NETS
+		allowed = "192.0.2.7"  // in SWW_WAF_ALLOW_NETS
+		exempt  = "192.0.2.10" // in SWW_WAF_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_NETS
+		denied  = "192.0.2.20" // in SWW_WAF_DENY_NETS
 	)
 
 	s, _, _, queue := startAppWithAlerts(t, readAndAnswer, map[string]string{
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ func TestRequestCountsForTheASNumberGeoJSGivesBeforeItEnds(t *testing.T) {
 	// kept.
 	geojsURL, _, release := startHeldGeoJS(t)
 
-	var server atomic.Pointer[discriminator.Server]
+	var server atomic.Pointer[waf.Server]
 
 	app := startApp(t, func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request) {
 		release()

internal/waf/answertime_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,760 @@
+package waf_test
+
+import (
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"fmt"
+	"maps"
+	"net"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"net/netip"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"slices"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+	"testing/synctest"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus/testutil"
+
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/bans"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/lookup"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/lookup/lookuptest"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/ratelimit"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/reputation"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/requestlog"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/waf"
+)
+
+const (
+	// answerTimeLimit is the default of rproxy's SWW_RPROXY_TIMEOUT_MS, the time
+	// waf has to answer.
+	answerTimeLimit = 2 * time.Second
+	// defaultLookupWait is the default of SWW_WAF_LOOKUP_TIMEOUT.
+	defaultLookupWait = 800 * time.Millisecond
+	// defaultReputationWait is the default of SWW_WAF_REPUTATION_TIMEOUT.
+	defaultReputationWait = 2 * time.Second
+	// The header limits SPEC.md gives.
+	cookieLimit      = 50
+	headerFieldLimit = 100
+	// cookieHeader is the header the cookie limit counts.
+	cookieHeader = "Cookie"
+	// tooLarge is how waf refuses a request over the header limits.
+	tooLarge = http.StatusRequestHeaderFieldsTooLarge
+	// silentAbuseIPDBURL is where AbuseIPDB never answers: at the stand-in
+	// that silentGeoJSURL names too.
+	silentAbuseIPDBURL = "silent://abuseipdb/api/v2/check"
+	// wholeLimit is the percentage of a rate limit that lowers it not at all.
+	wholeLimit = 100
+	// clientsDecision is the CrowdSec decision list holding client alone.
+	clientsDecision = `[{"duration": "4h0m0s", "scenario": "crowdsecurity/ssh-bf", ` +
+		`"scope": "Ip", "type": "ban", "value": "` + client + `"}]`
+)
+
+// cookies returns a Cookie header's value with count cookies.
+func cookies(count int) string {
+	parts := make([]string, 0, count)
+	for i := range count {
+		parts = append(parts, "c"+strconv.Itoa(i)+"=1")
+	}
+
+	return strings.Join(parts, "; ")
+}
+
+// fillHeaders adds headers to a question until the checks see total header
+// fields: all but ClientHeader and PeerHeader, which waf removes. Go's
+// client sends nothing else but Host, which the limit does not count, once
+// User-Agent is set.
+func fillHeaders(req *http.Request, total int) {
+	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "test")
+
+	for i := len(req.Header) - 2; i < total; i++ {
+		req.Header.Set("X-Filler-"+strconv.Itoa(i), "1")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSixteenThousandCookiesAreRefusedBeforeTheCoreRuleSetReadsThem(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	s := startWAF(t, "", map[string]string{wafMode: block})
+	req := s.question(siteA, client, "/")
+	req.Header.Set(cookieHeader, strings.Repeat("a;", 16000))
+
+	got := do(t, req)
+
+	wantDisposition(t, got, tooLarge, waf.DispositionDeny)
+
+	line := s.out.requestLine(t)
+	wantLine(t, line, tooLarge, requestlog.ActionRequestHeaderTooLarge)
+
+	if line.DurationCoreRuleSetMS != nil {
+		t.Errorf("the Core Rule Set read the request, for %f ms", *line.DurationCoreRuleSetMS)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestHeaderLimitRefusalNamesItsHeuristicCountsAndLimits(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	s := startWAF(t, "", nil)
+	req := s.question(siteA, client, "/")
+	fillHeaders(req, headerFieldLimit+1)
+	do(t, req)
+
+	wantHeuristic(t, s.out.requestLine(t), "header_limits",
+		`{"fields": 101, "fields_limit": 100, "cookies": 0, "cookies_limit": 50}`)
+}
+
+func TestEachHeaderLimitRefusesARequestOverIt(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	repeated := make([]string, headerFieldLimit)
+	for i := range repeated {
+		repeated[i] = "1"
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		name string
+		make func(*http.Request)
+		// refused is true for a request over a limit, and false for one at it.
+		refused bool
+	}{
+		{"cookies at the limit", func(req *http.Request) {
+			req.Header.Set(cookieHeader, cookies(cookieLimit))
+		}, false},
+		{"cookies over the limit", func(req *http.Request) {
+			req.Header.Set(cookieHeader, cookies(cookieLimit+1))
+		}, true},
+		{"parts empty or only spaces and tabs are no cookies", func(req *http.Request) {
+			req.Header.Set(cookieHeader, cookies(cookieLimit)+"; \t;;")
+		}, false},
+		{"parts of no-break spaces count", func(req *http.Request) {
+			req.Header.Set(cookieHeader, strings.Repeat(" ;", cookieLimit+1))
+		}, true},
+		{"cookies over the limit across two headers", func(req *http.Request) {
+			req.Header[cookieHeader] = []string{cookies(cookieLimit), "last=1"}
+		}, true},
+		{"cookies without a value count", func(req *http.Request) {
+			req.Header.Set(cookieHeader, strings.Repeat("a;", cookieLimit+1))
+		}, true},
+		{"header fields at the limit", func(req *http.Request) {
+			fillHeaders(req, headerFieldLimit)
+		}, false},
+		{"header fields over the limit", func(req *http.Request) {
+			fillHeaders(req, headerFieldLimit+1)
+		}, true},
+		{"a header sent many times counts each time", func(req *http.Request) {
+			req.Header["X-Filler"] = repeated
+		}, true},
+	} {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			s := startWAF(t, "", map[string]string{wafMode: block})
+			req := s.question(siteA, client, "/")
+			tc.make(req)
+
+			got := do(t, req)
+			line := s.out.requestLine(t)
+
+			if tc.refused {
+				wantDisposition(t, got, tooLarge, waf.DispositionDeny)
+				wantLine(t, line, tooLarge, requestlog.ActionRequestHeaderTooLarge)
+
+				return
+			}
+
+			wantDisposition(t, got, http.StatusOK, waf.DispositionAllow)
+			wantLine(t, line, http.StatusOK, requestlog.ActionForward)
+
+			if line.DurationCoreRuleSetMS == nil {
+				t.Error("the Core Rule Set did not read a request within the limits")
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestHeaderLimitsHoldWhateverTheCoreRuleSetSettingsSay(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	for _, env := range []map[string]string{
+		{wafMode: off},
+		{wafMode: "detect"},
+		{wafMode: block, "SWW_WAF_CORE_RULE_SET_EXEMPT_PATHS": "/"},
+	} {
+		t.Run(fmt.Sprint(env), func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			s := startWAF(t, "", env)
+			req := s.question(siteA, client, "/")
+			req.Header.Set(cookieHeader, cookies(cookieLimit+1))
+
+			wantDisposition(t, do(t, req), tooLarge, waf.DispositionDeny)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestClientInTheAllowNetsSkipsTheHeaderLimits(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	s := startWAF(t, "", map[string]string{wafMode: block, allowNets: client})
+	req := s.question(siteA, client, "/")
+	req.Header.Set(cookieHeader, cookies(cookieLimit+1))
+
+	wantDisposition(t, do(t, req), http.StatusOK, waf.DispositionAllow)
+}
+
+func TestObserveModeAllowsARequestOverTheHeaderLimitsUnread(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	s := startWAF(t, "", map[string]string{mode: observe, wafMode: block})
+	req := s.question(siteA, client, "/")
+	req.Header.Set(cookieHeader, strings.Repeat("a;", 16000))
+
+	got := do(t, req)
+
+	wantDisposition(t, got, http.StatusOK, waf.DispositionAllow)
+
+	line := s.out.requestLine(t)
+	if line.WouldAction != requestlog.ActionRequestHeaderTooLarge ||
+		line.DurationCoreRuleSetMS != nil {
+		t.Errorf("would_action %q and duration_core_rule_set_ms %v, want %q and none",
+			line.WouldAction, line.DurationCoreRuleSetMS, requestlog.ActionRequestHeaderTooLarge)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestTheRateLimitsDoNotCountRequestsOverTheHeaderLimits(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	s := startWAF(t, "", map[string]string{rateLimitPerMinute: "1"})
+
+	for range 2 {
+		req := s.question(siteA, client, "/")
+		req.Header.Set(cookieHeader, cookies(cookieLimit+1))
+		wantDisposition(t, do(t, req), tooLarge, waf.DispositionDeny)
+	}
+
+	wantDisposition(t, s.ask(client, "/"), http.StatusOK, waf.DispositionAllow)
+}
+
+func TestTheHeaderLimitsComeBeforeEveryCheckThatRefuses(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	// The lookup database places client in Germany.
+	lookupDB := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "ipinfo_lite.mmdb")
+	lookuptest.Write(t, lookupDB, map[string]lookuptest.Network{
+		client + "/32": {ASN: asnDE, ASName: asNameDE, Country: "DE"},
+	})
+
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		name string
+		env  map[string]string
+		path string
+		// prepare gets the server ready, at now, before the question.
+		prepare func(t *testing.T, server *waf.Server, now time.Time)
+	}{
+		{"SWW_WAF_DENY_NETS", map[string]string{denyNets: client}, "/", leaveAsItIs},
+		{"a ban", nil, "/", banClient},
+		{
+			"the country list", map[string]string{
+				lookupSource: fileSource, lookupDBPath: lookupDB, allowedCountries: "FR",
+			},
+			"/", leaveAsItIs,
+		},
+		{"a blocklist", map[string]string{blocklistURLs: dropURL}, "/", listClient},
+		{
+			"the CrowdSec decision list",
+			map[string]string{crowdSecURL: lapi, crowdSecKey: bouncerKey}, "/", decideOnClient,
+		},
+		{
+			"a DNS blocklist", map[string]string{
+				dnsblZones: dnsblZone, dnsblResolver: noResolver, reputationAction: actionDeny,
+			},
+			"/", func(_ *testing.T, server *waf.Server, _ time.Time) {
+				loadVerdicts(server, map[string][]string{client: {dnsblZone}})
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			"AbuseIPDB",
+			map[string]string{abuseIPDBKey: accountKey, reputationAction: actionDeny},
+			"/", func(_ *testing.T, server *waf.Server, _ time.Time) {
+				// Over SWW_WAF_ABUSEIPDB_MIN_SCORE, 75 by default.
+				loadScores(server, map[string]int64{client: 80})
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			"SWW_WAF_TAG_DENY", map[string]string{tagLists: "vpn=" + vpnList, tagDeny: "vpn"},
+			"/", func(t *testing.T, server *waf.Server, _ time.Time) {
+				t.Helper()
+				loadLists(t, server, map[string][]string{vpnList: {client}})
+			},
+		},
+		{"the rate limits", map[string]string{rateLimitPerMinute: "1"}, "/", countClient},
+		{
+			"a trap path", map[string]string{trapPaths: trapPathList}, "/wp-login.php",
+			leaveAsItIs,
+		},
+		{
+			"a block rule", map[string]string{rulesDir: writeRules(t, testRules)}, "/blocked",
+			leaveAsItIs,
+		},
+	} {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			s := startWAF(t, "", tc.env)
+			tc.prepare(t, s.server, s.clock.Now())
+
+			req := s.question(siteA, client, tc.path)
+			req.Header.Set(cookieHeader, cookies(cookieLimit+1))
+
+			wantDisposition(t, do(t, req), tooLarge, waf.DispositionDeny)
+			wantLine(t, s.out.requestLine(t), tooLarge, requestlog.ActionRequestHeaderTooLarge)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestARequestOverTheHeaderLimitsRunsNoOtherCheck(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	// Each check after the header limits leaves a mark on the log line of a
+	// request it reads: a tag, routewatch_tags_missing, a rule id, the
+	// counts, or the Core Rule Set's time.
+	path := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "ipinfo_lite.mmdb")
+	lookuptest.Write(t, path, map[string]lookuptest.Network{
+		client + "/32": {ASN: asnDE, ASName: asNameDE, Country: "DE"},
+	})
+	s := startWAF(t, "", map[string]string{
+		lookupSource: fileSource, lookupDBPath: path,
+		tagLists:      "vpn=" + vpnList,
+		routeWatchURL: startRouteWatch(t, map[string]standInRoute{client: {prefixDE, 64496}}),
+		dnsblZones:    dnsblZone, reputationAction: actionLog,
+		rulesDir: writeRules(t, "noted path log ^/\n"),
+		wafMode:  block,
+	})
+	loadLists(t, s.server, map[string][]string{vpnList: {client}})
+	loadVerdicts(s.server, map[string][]string{client: {dnsblZone}})
+
+	over := s.question(siteA, client, "/")
+	over.Header.Set(cookieHeader, cookies(cookieLimit+1))
+	wantDisposition(t, do(t, over), tooLarge, waf.DispositionDeny)
+
+	within := s.question(siteA, client, "/")
+	within.Header.Set(cookieHeader, cookies(cookieLimit))
+	wantDisposition(t, do(t, within), http.StatusOK, waf.DispositionAllow)
+
+	lines := s.out.requestLines(t, 2)
+
+	wantTags(t, lines[0])
+	wantTagsMissing(t, lines[0], "")
+
+	if lines[0].RuleIDs != nil || lines[0].Counts != (ratelimit.Counts{}) ||
+		lines[0].DurationCoreRuleSetMS != nil {
+		t.Errorf("rule ids %v, counts %+v and Core Rule Set time %v, want none",
+			lines[0].RuleIDs, lines[0].Counts, lines[0].DurationCoreRuleSetMS)
+	}
+
+	// The request within the limits shows that each check leaves its mark.
+	wantTags(t, lines[1],
+		"asn=64496", "country=DE", "dnsbl="+dnsblZone, "exploitsignature", "vpn")
+	wantTagsMissing(t, lines[1], "no_answer_yet")
+
+	if lines[1].RuleIDs == nil || lines[1].Counts.Minute != 1 ||
+		lines[1].DurationCoreRuleSetMS == nil {
+		t.Errorf("rule ids %v, counts %+v and Core Rule Set time %v, want each",
+			lines[1].RuleIDs, lines[1].Counts, lines[1].DurationCoreRuleSetMS)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNotWaitingForGeoJSNeverLowersAClientsLimit(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	// The client's next request takes it over the whole limit, so it does
+	// not wait.
+	geojsURL, _ := startGeoJS(t)
+	s := startWAF(t, geojsURL, map[string]string{
+		unknownLimitPercent: "0", lookupTimeout: "1h", rateLimitPerMinute: "1",
+	})
+	countClient(t, s.server, s.clock.Now())
+
+	wantDisposition(t, s.ask(fromDE, "/"), http.StatusForbidden, waf.DispositionDeny)
+
+	line := s.out.requestLine(t)
+	wantLine(t, line, http.StatusForbidden, requestlog.ActionClientIsRateLimited)
+
+	if line.RateLimitPercent != nil {
+		t.Errorf("limit percentage %d, want none", *line.RateLimitPercent)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAClientGeoJSPlacedInNoCountryCountsAsUnknownWithoutWaiting(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	// The client's next request takes it over the whole limit, so it does
+	// not wait.
+	geojsURL, _ := startGeoJS(t)
+	s := startWAF(t, geojsURL, map[string]string{
+		unknownLimitPercent: "0", rateLimitPerMinute: "1",
+	})
+	s.server.GeoJS.Load([]lookup.Answer{{
+		Client: netip.MustParsePrefix(client + "/32"), ASN: "AS64512",
+		Answered: s.clock.Now(), Used: s.clock.Now(),
+	}})
+	countClient(t, s.server, s.clock.Now())
+
+	wantDisposition(t, s.ask(client, "/"), http.StatusForbidden, waf.DispositionDeny)
+
+	line := s.out.requestLine(t)
+	wantLine(t, line, http.StatusForbidden, requestlog.ActionClientIsRateLimited)
+
+	if line.RateLimitPercent == nil || *line.RateLimitPercent != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("limit percentage %v, want 0", line.RateLimitPercent)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestObserveModeAsksGeoJSNothingForARequestOverTheHeaderLimits(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	geojsURL, asked := startGeoJS(t)
+	s := startWAF(t, geojsURL, map[string]string{
+		mode: observe, addLookupHeaders: on, lookupTimeout: "1h",
+	})
+	req := s.question(siteA, fromDE, "/")
+	req.Header.Set(cookieHeader, cookies(cookieLimit+1))
+
+	got := do(t, req)
+	wantDisposition(t, got, http.StatusOK, waf.DispositionAllow)
+
+	if len(asked()) != 0 || got.header.Get("X-Client-Asn") != "" {
+		t.Errorf("GeoJS was asked about %v, and the answer gave the AS number %q, "+
+			"want neither", asked(), got.header.Get("X-Client-Asn"))
+	}
+}
+
+// newWAFInBubble makes a waf for a synctest bubble: GeoJS never
+// answers, a setting needs its answer, and everything is at its default but
+// for env. No request to it may use the network.
+func newWAFInBubble(
+	t *testing.T, env map[string]string,
+) (*waf.Server, *output) {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	settings := map[string]string{tagDeny: "country=KP"}
+	maps.Copy(settings, env)
+
+	server, out, _ := newWAF(t, silentGeoJSURL, time.Now, settings)
+
+	return server, out
+}
+
+// askDirectly hands a question about a request from client straight to server,
+// as change leaves it, and returns the answer's status and how long it took.
+func askDirectly(
+	t *testing.T, server *waf.Server, change func(*http.Request),
+) (int, time.Duration) {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodGet, "/", http.NoBody)
+	req.RemoteAddr = net.JoinHostPort(rproxyPeer, "1234")
+	req.Header.Set(waf.ClientHeader, client)
+	req.Header.Set(requestIDHeader, "the-id")
+	change(req)
+
+	recorder := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	began := time.Now()
+
+	server.Handler.ServeHTTP(recorder, req)
+
+	return recorder.Code, time.Since(began)
+}
+
+// banClient bans client at now.
+func banClient(_ *testing.T, server *waf.Server, now time.Time) {
+	server.Ledger.BanForLimit(netip.MustParsePrefix(client+"/32"), now, bans.Notes{})
+}
+
+// countClient counts one request from client at now for the rate limits.
+func countClient(_ *testing.T, server *waf.Server, now time.Time) {
+	server.Limiter.Count(netip.MustParsePrefix(client+"/32"), now, wholeLimit)
+}
+
+// listClient puts client on the blocklist at dropURL.
+func listClient(t *testing.T, server *waf.Server, now time.Time) {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	err := server.Lists.Load([]reputation.List{{
+		URL: dropURL, Tried: now, Fetched: now, Lines: []string{client},
+	}})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("load the blocklist: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// decideOnClient puts client on the CrowdSec decision list.
+func decideOnClient(t *testing.T, server *waf.Server, now time.Time) {
+	t.Helper()
+	loadDecisions(t, server, now, clientsDecision)
+}
+
+// leaveAsItIs prepares nothing.
+func leaveAsItIs(*testing.T, *waf.Server, time.Time) {}
+
+func TestARefusedRequestDoesNotWaitForASlowGeoJS(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	const forbidden = http.StatusForbidden
+
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		name string
+		env  map[string]string
+		// prepare gets the server ready, at now, before the question.
+		prepare func(t *testing.T, server *waf.Server, now time.Time)
+		// cookie is the request's Cookie header.
+		cookie string
+		status int
+		action string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "SWW_WAF_DENY_NETS", env: map[string]string{denyNets: client},
+			prepare: leaveAsItIs, status: forbidden, action: requestlog.ActionClientDenied,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "a ban",
+			prepare: banClient, status: forbidden, action: requestlog.ActionTemporarilyBanned,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "the rate limits", env: map[string]string{rateLimitPerMinute: "1"},
+			prepare: countClient, status: forbidden,
+			action: requestlog.ActionClientIsRateLimited,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "the rate limits, with a biased threshold",
+			env:     map[string]string{rateLimitPerMinute: "1", unknownLimitPercent: "50"},
+			prepare: countClient, status: forbidden,
+			action: requestlog.ActionClientIsRateLimited,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "a blocklist", env: map[string]string{blocklistURLs: dropURL},
+			prepare: listClient, status: forbidden, action: requestlog.ActionClientDenied,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "the CrowdSec decision list",
+			env:     map[string]string{crowdSecURL: lapi, crowdSecKey: bouncerKey},
+			prepare: decideOnClient, status: forbidden,
+			action: requestlog.ActionTemporarilyBanned,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "the header limits", cookie: cookies(cookieLimit + 1),
+			prepare: leaveAsItIs, status: tooLarge,
+			action: requestlog.ActionRequestHeaderTooLarge,
+		},
+	} {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			// In a synctest bubble, as TestRequestWaitsAsLongAsTheLookupTimeoutSays
+			// says, so that a request that does not wait takes no time at all.
+			synctest.Test(t, func(t *testing.T) {
+				server, out := newWAFInBubble(t, tc.env)
+				tc.prepare(t, server, time.Now())
+
+				status, took := askDirectly(t, server, func(req *http.Request) {
+					req.Header.Set(cookieHeader, tc.cookie)
+				})
+
+				if status != tc.status || took != 0 {
+					t.Errorf("answered %d after %s, want %d at once; output:\n%s",
+						status, took, tc.status, out.text())
+				}
+
+				wantLine(t, out.requestLine(t), tc.status, tc.action)
+
+				// GeoJS's request is abandoned before the bubble ends.
+				time.Sleep(defaultLookupWait)
+			})
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAQuestionWaitsForASlowGeoJSOnlyAsLongAsTheDefaultSays(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		name string
+		env  map[string]string
+		// prepare gets the server ready, at now, before the question.
+		prepare func(t *testing.T, server *waf.Server, now time.Time)
+		status  int
+		action  string
+	}{
+		{"nothing refuses it", nil, leaveAsItIs, http.StatusOK, requestlog.ActionForward},
+		{
+			"a country list needs the answer", map[string]string{allowedCountries: "DE"},
+			leaveAsItIs, http.StatusForbidden, requestlog.ActionCountryDenied,
+		},
+		{
+			"a blocklist that only logs",
+			map[string]string{blocklistURLs: dropURL, blocklistAction: actionLog},
+			listClient, http.StatusOK, requestlog.ActionForward,
+		},
+		{
+			"a blocklist that only limits",
+			map[string]string{blocklistURLs: dropURL, blocklistAction: limitQuarter},
+			listClient, http.StatusOK, requestlog.ActionForward,
+		},
+		{
+			"over a rate limit on an exempt path",
+			map[string]string{rateLimitPerMinute: "1", rateLimitExemptPaths: "/"},
+			countClient, http.StatusOK, requestlog.ActionForward,
+		},
+	} {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			synctest.Test(t, func(t *testing.T) {
+				server, out := newWAFInBubble(t, tc.env)
+				tc.prepare(t, server, time.Now())
+
+				status, took := askDirectly(t, server, func(*http.Request) {})
+
+				if status != tc.status || took != defaultLookupWait {
+					t.Errorf("answered %d after %s, want %d after %s; output:\n%s",
+						status, took, tc.status, defaultLookupWait, out.text())
+				}
+
+				wantLine(t, out.requestLine(t), tc.status, tc.action)
+			})
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestWAFAnswersWithinTheTimeLimitWhileEveryOutsideSourceHangs(
+	t *testing.T,
+) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	// The lists' stand-in: one for GeoJS that answers nothing.
+	held, _, _ := startHeldGeoJS(t)
+	resolver, releaseResolver := startHeldResolver(t)
+
+	server, out, _ := newWAFWith(t, func(
+		params waf.Params,
+	) *waf.Server {
+		params.AbuseIPDBURL = silentAbuseIPDBURL
+
+		return waf.New(params)
+	}, silentGeoJSURL, time.Now, map[string]string{
+		tagDeny: "country=KP", wafMode: block,
+		dnsblZones: dnsblZone, dnsblResolver: resolver,
+		abuseIPDBKey:  accountKey,
+		blocklistURLs: held + "/drop.txt", asnLimitPercentURL: held + "/asn.txt",
+		crowdSecURL: held, crowdSecKey: bouncerKey,
+	})
+
+	// The lists are fetched outside the synctest bubble below: a wait on the
+	// network inside it would keep its clock from moving on.
+	go server.Lists.Run(t.Context())
+
+	// In the bubble, as TestRequestWaitsAsLongAsTheLookupTimeoutSays says, the
+	// answer takes exactly as long as waf waits, however busy the host is.
+	// GeoJS and AbuseIPDB never answer there, without the network. The query to
+	// the DNS blocklist waits on the network, which stops the bubble's clock,
+	// but it starts only after the wait for GeoJS.
+	synctest.Test(t, func(t *testing.T) {
+		// AbuseIPDB is asked only about a client with an offence.
+		group := netip.MustParsePrefix(client + "/32")
+		server.Limiter.AddToHistory(group, time.Now(), ratelimit.Request{Attack: true})
+
+		status, took := askDirectly(t, server, func(req *http.Request) {
+			req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "test")
+			req.Header.Set("Accept", "*/*")
+			req.Host = siteA
+		})
+
+		// The wait for GeoJS decides when the answer comes.
+		if status != http.StatusOK || took != defaultLookupWait || took >= answerTimeLimit {
+			t.Errorf("answered %d after %s, want %d after %s, within %s; output:\n%s",
+				status, took, http.StatusOK, defaultLookupWait, answerTimeLimit, out.text())
+		}
+
+		// Each outside source was asked, and none has answered. GeoJS is asked
+		// only about the clients waiting for it, here client alone.
+		if requests := testutil.ToFloat64(server.Metrics.GeoJSRequests); requests != 1 {
+			t.Errorf("%v requests to GeoJS, want 1", requests)
+		}
+
+		// The resolver holds the query until it is released below, so a waf
+		// that waited for the query would answer only once it had failed.
+		queries, failures := server.DNSBL.Queries(dnsblZone), server.DNSBL.Failures(dnsblZone)
+		if queries != 1 || failures != 0 {
+			t.Errorf("%d queries to the DNS blocklist, %d failed, want 1, none failed",
+				queries, failures)
+		}
+
+		if checked := server.AbuseIPDB.Checked(); checked != 1 {
+			t.Errorf("%d checks with AbuseIPDB, want 1", checked)
+		}
+
+		// The query is answered, and the check with AbuseIPDB abandoned,
+		// before the bubble ends.
+		releaseResolver()
+		time.Sleep(defaultReputationWait)
+	})
+}
+
+// How the stand-in for the resolver reads a query and makes it its reply.
+const (
+	// maxQueryLength is the longest query it reads.
+	maxQueryLength = 512
+	// flagsAt is where a DNS message's flags start, after its id.
+	flagsAt = 2
+	// noSuchNameFlags mark a reply, to a query that asked for recursion,
+	// which is available, that no such name exists.
+	noSuchNameFlags = 0x8183
+)
+
+// startHeldResolver starts a stand-in for the resolver the DNSBL zones are
+// asked through, and returns its address and release. Each query waits until
+// release is called, and is then answered that no such name exists, so that
+// the zone does not list the client.
+func startHeldResolver(t *testing.T) (string, func()) {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	conn, err := (&net.ListenConfig{}).ListenPacket(t.Context(), "udp", localhost+":0")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("listen: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	t.Cleanup(func() { _ = conn.Close() })
+
+	var (
+		released = make(chan struct{})
+		once     sync.Once
+	)
+
+	go func() {
+		query := make([]byte, maxQueryLength)
+
+		for {
+			n, from, err := conn.ReadFrom(query)
+			if err != nil {
+				return // conn is closed
+			}
+
+			<-released
+
+			// The query back, with the flags of the reply in place of its own.
+			reply := slices.Clone(query[:n])
+			binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(reply[flagsAt:], noSuchNameFlags)
+
+			_, _ = conn.WriteTo(reply, from)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	release := func() { once.Do(func() { close(released) }) }
+	// Run before conn is closed, so that no query is left waiting.
+	t.Cleanup(release)
+
+	return conn.LocalAddr().String(), release
+}

internal/waf/bans.go

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-package discriminator
+package waf
 
 // The heuristic active_ban, and the code that makes bans, which several
-// heuristics share. active_ban reads SWW_MODE; the bans are the ban ledger's.
+// heuristics share. active_ban reads SWW_WAF_MODE; the bans are the ban ledger's.
 
 import (
 	"context"
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import (
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/requestlog"
 )
 
-// banResponse is a refusal answered with SWW_BAN_RESPONSE, and logged
+// banResponse is a refusal answered with SWW_WAF_BAN_RESPONSE, and logged
 // with action.
 func (rq *request) banResponse(action string) *refusal {
 	return &refusal{status: rq.h.config.BanResponse, action: action}
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ func limitFigures(hit ratelimit.Hit) map[string]any {
 
 // countedBytes returns the request's bytes, once it has ended, as the
 // byte limits and the anomaly thresholds count them: the response's body
-// bytes, the request's, or both, as SWW_BYTES_COUNT says.
+// bytes, the request's, or both, as SWW_WAF_BYTES_COUNT says.
 func (rq *request) countedBytes() int64 {
 	response, request := rq.out.bytes, rq.requestBytes
 
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ func (rq *request) countedBytes() int64 {
 // banForLimit bans the client's netblock at now for a broken limit, the
 // one hit names, notes the offence for the log line and counts the hit in
 // the metrics. status is what the client was sent, or is sent:
-// SWW_BAN_RESPONSE for a request over a rate limit, what the report says for
+// SWW_WAF_BAN_RESPONSE for a request over a rate limit, what the report says for
 // one whose bytes broke a byte limit, the refusal for one that broke the
 // error burst. The ban's notes give the client's limit percentage for a
 // rate limit or a byte limit; the error burst is not lowered. The ban sets
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ func (rq *request) banForCrowdSec(now time.Time, decision reputation.Decision) s
 // wouldAlertBan reports whether the alert for a ban on netblock for cause
 // made at now would be sent. In observe mode the ban the request would
 // have made is worked out only then, at most once per
-// SWW_ALERT_COOLDOWN and never with no webhook set: its notes count the
+// SWW_WAF_ALERT_COOLDOWN and never with no webhook set: its notes count the
 // netblock's requests, which can mean going through every client.
 func (rq *request) wouldAlertBan(
 	netblock netip.Prefix, now time.Time, cause string,
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ func (rq *request) netblockRequests(netblock netip.Prefix) int64 {
 }
 
 // netblock is the netblock a ban on client covers: its IPv4 address,
-// widened to SWW_BAN_SCOPE_V4_PREFIX, or the IPv6 group clientGroup
+// widened to SWW_WAF_BAN_SCOPE_V4_PREFIX, or the IPv6 group clientGroup
 // counts it in.
 func (h *handler) netblock(client netip.Addr) netip.Prefix {
 	addr := client.Unmap()

internal/waf/bans_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package discriminator_test
+package waf_test
 
 import (
 	"bufio"
@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/bans"
-	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/discriminator"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/requestlog"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/waf"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ const (
 	userAgent = "ban-test/1.0"
 	// permanent is the log line's ban_expires for a permanent ban.
 	permanent = "permanent"
-	// banResponseClose is the SWW_BAN_RESPONSE that closes the connection.
+	// banResponseClose is the SWW_WAF_BAN_RESPONSE that closes the connection.
 	banResponseClose = "close"
 )
 
@@ -91,19 +91,19 @@ func TestBanLengthsFollowTheSettings(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 
-	// A first ban lasts SWW_LIMIT_BAN_DURATION; one within
-	// SWW_LIMIT_BAN_REPEAT_WINDOW after it ended, three times as long.
+	// A first ban lasts SWW_WAF_LIMIT_BAN_DURATION; one within
+	// SWW_WAF_LIMIT_BAN_REPEAT_WINDOW after it ended, three times as long.
 	wantExpires(breakLimit(), 10*time.Minute)
 	clk.advance(10*time.Minute + time.Hour)
 	wantExpires(breakLimit(), 30*time.Minute)
 
-	// Later than that, SWW_LIMIT_BAN_DURATION again.
+	// Later than that, SWW_WAF_LIMIT_BAN_DURATION again.
 	clk.advance(30*time.Minute + time.Hour + time.Second)
 	wantExpires(breakLimit(), 10*time.Minute)
 	clk.advance(10 * time.Minute)
 	wantExpires(breakLimit(), 30*time.Minute)
 
-	// 90 minutes would be longer than SWW_MAX_BAN_DURATION: the ban is
+	// 90 minutes would be longer than SWW_WAF_MAX_BAN_DURATION: the ban is
 	// permanent.
 	clk.advance(30 * time.Minute)
 
@@ -150,8 +150,8 @@ func TestBanCoversTheClientsNetblock(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// In the IPv4 cases, client breaks the limit; these two are next to it.
 	const (
-		allowed = "203.0.113.60" // in SWW_ALLOW_NETS
-		exempt  = "203.0.113.50" // in SWW_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_NETS
+		allowed = "203.0.113.60" // in SWW_WAF_ALLOW_NETS
+		exempt  = "203.0.113.50" // in SWW_WAF_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_NETS
 	)
 
 	for _, tc := range []struct {
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ func TestBanCoversTheClientsNetblock(t *testing.T) {
 			nil, []string{otherClient, exempt},
 		},
 		{
-			"the IPv4 netblock SWW_BAN_SCOPE_V4_PREFIX sets",
+			"the IPv4 netblock SWW_WAF_BAN_SCOPE_V4_PREFIX sets",
 			map[string]string{banScopeV4Prefix: "24"}, client,
 			[]string{otherClient, exempt}, []string{"203.0.112.9", allowed},
 		},
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ func TestBanCoversTheClientsNetblock(t *testing.T) {
 			[]string{"2001:db8:5::ffff:1"}, []string{"2001:db8:5:1::1"},
 		},
 		{
-			"the IPv6 netblock SWW_IPV6_GROUP_PREFIX sets",
+			"the IPv6 netblock SWW_WAF_IPV6_GROUP_PREFIX sets",
 			map[string]string{ipv6GroupPrefix: "48"}, "2001:db8:7::1",
 			[]string{"2001:db8:7:ffff::1"}, []string{"2001:db8:8::1"},
 		},
@@ -249,10 +249,10 @@ func TestRefusalUnderABanNamesItsHeuristicNetblockAndEnd(t *testing.T) {
 func TestBanResponseAnswersEveryRefusalButTheSizeLimits(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	const denied = "192.0.2.50" // in SWW_DENY_NETS
+	const denied = "192.0.2.50" // in SWW_WAF_DENY_NETS
 
 	for _, tc := range []struct {
-		setting string // "" leaves SWW_BAN_RESPONSE at its default
+		setting string // "" leaves SWW_WAF_BAN_RESPONSE at its default
 		status  int    // 0 is the connection closed without an answer
 	}{
 		{"", http.StatusForbidden},
@@ -393,14 +393,14 @@ func (c *clock) advance(d time.Duration) {
 	c.now = c.now.Add(d)
 }
 
-// startWithClock starts discriminator, and rproxy in front of an app that answers 200,
+// startWithClock starts waf, and rproxy in front of an app that answers 200,
 // with the settings in env on top of trusting localhost's
 // X-Forwarded-For, clients' AS numbers and countries looked up at
 // geojsURL, and a clock set to midnight, the start of a bucket in every
 // window.
 func startWithClock(
 	t *testing.T, geojsURL string, env map[string]string,
-) (*sender, *clock, *discriminator.Server) {
+) (*sender, *clock, *waf.Server) {
 	t.Helper()
 
 	app := startApp(t, func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request) {})
@@ -410,20 +410,20 @@ func startWithClock(
 
 	addr, out, server := startProxyWithClock(t, app.URL, geojsURL, clk.Now, settings)
 
-	return &sender{t: t, addr: addr, discriminatorAddr: server.Addr, out: out}, clk, server
+	return &sender{t: t, addr: addr, wafAddr: server.Addr, out: out}, clk, server
 }
 
 // sender sends requests to rproxy one after another, each on a connection of its
-// own, and checks each one's answer and log line. discriminatorAddr is where
-// discriminator's own endpoints are, which ownEndpointRequest asks. Every request
-// discriminator gets must come through the sender, since the log lines are
+// own, and checks each one's answer and log line. wafAddr is where
+// waf's own endpoints are, which ownEndpointRequest asks. Every request
+// waf gets must come through the sender, since the log lines are
 // matched to them in order.
 type sender struct {
-	t                 *testing.T
-	addr              string
-	discriminatorAddr string
-	out               *output
-	sent              int
+	t       *testing.T
+	addr    string
+	wafAddr string
+	out     *output
+	sent    int
 }
 
 // get sends a GET request for / from the client at from.

internal/waf/biased.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package discriminator
+package waf
 
 import (
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/config"
@@ -17,9 +17,9 @@ type percentage struct {
 }
 
 // biasedThresholdsSet reports whether a biased threshold can lower a
-// client's limits by its lookup: SWW_ASN_BYTES_PERCENT or
-// SWW_COUNTRY_BYTES_PERCENT is not empty, SWW_UNKNOWN_LIMIT_PERCENT is
-// below 100, or SWW_ASN_LIMIT_PERCENT_URL is set. The client's lookup is
+// client's limits by its lookup: SWW_WAF_ASN_BYTES_PERCENT or
+// SWW_WAF_COUNTRY_BYTES_PERCENT is not empty, SWW_WAF_UNKNOWN_LIMIT_PERCENT is
+// below 100, or SWW_WAF_ASN_LIMIT_PERCENT_URL is set. The client's lookup is
 // then needed before its request goes on.
 func biasedThresholdsSet(cfg *config.Config) bool {
 	return len(cfg.ASNBytesPercent) > 0 || len(cfg.CountryBytesPercent) > 0 ||
@@ -31,15 +31,15 @@ func biasedThresholdsSet(cfg *config.Config) bool {
 // as looked up, each "" when unknown, and the blocklists, DNSBL zones and
 // AbuseIPDB that list it. Each is the lowest of those the settings give
 // it, the first of them in the order below when several are lowest: the
-// percentage SWW_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT gives its asn= tag, the one the file
-// SWW_ASN_LIMIT_PERCENT_URL names gives its AS number, the one
-// SWW_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT gives its country= tag, the lowest it gives its
+// percentage SWW_WAF_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT gives its asn= tag, the one the file
+// SWW_WAF_ASN_LIMIT_PERCENT_URL names gives its AS number, the one
+// SWW_WAF_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT gives its country= tag, the lowest it gives its
 // other tags, for a client without a country, unless its request skipped
-// the wait for GeoJS, SWW_UNKNOWN_LIMIT_PERCENT, for a client a blocklist
-// lists, the percentage of SWW_BLOCKLIST_ACTION while it is limit, and
+// the wait for GeoJS, SWW_WAF_UNKNOWN_LIMIT_PERCENT, for a client a blocklist
+// lists, the percentage of SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_ACTION while it is limit, and
 // for a client a DNSBL zone's verdict lists, or whose AbuseIPDB score is
-// a hit, the percentage of SWW_REPUTATION_ACTION while it is limit. For
-// the byte limits, SWW_ASN_BYTES_PERCENT and SWW_COUNTRY_BYTES_PERCENT
+// a hit, the percentage of SWW_WAF_REPUTATION_ACTION while it is limit. For
+// the byte limits, SWW_WAF_ASN_BYTES_PERCENT and SWW_WAF_COUNTRY_BYTES_PERCENT
 // take the place of the first three for an AS number or a country they
 // list.
 func (rq *request) limitPercentages() (percentage, percentage) {
@@ -48,25 +48,25 @@ func (rq *request) limitPercentages() (percentage, percentage) {
 
 	unknown := percentage{percent: whole}
 	if country == "" && !rq.skippedLookupWait {
-		unknown = percentage{cfg.UnknownLimitPercent, "SWW_UNKNOWN_LIMIT_PERCENT"}
+		unknown = percentage{cfg.UnknownLimitPercent, "SWW_WAF_UNKNOWN_LIMIT_PERCENT"}
 	}
 
 	fetched := percentage{percent: whole}
 	if percent, listed := rq.h.lists.ASNLimitPercent(asn); listed {
-		fetched = percentage{percent, "SWW_ASN_LIMIT_PERCENT_URL"}
+		fetched = percentage{percent, "SWW_WAF_ASN_LIMIT_PERCENT_URL"}
 	}
 
 	blocklisted := percentage{percent: whole}
 	if rq.blocklisted && cfg.BlocklistAction == "limit" {
-		blocklisted = percentage{cfg.BlocklistLimitPercent, "SWW_BLOCKLIST_ACTION"}
+		blocklisted = percentage{cfg.BlocklistLimitPercent, "SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_ACTION"}
 	}
 
 	reputationListed := percentage{percent: whole}
 	if (rq.dnsblListed || rq.abuseIPDBHit) && cfg.ReputationAction == "limit" {
-		reputationListed = percentage{cfg.ReputationLimitPercent, "SWW_REPUTATION_ACTION"}
+		reputationListed = percentage{cfg.ReputationLimitPercent, "SWW_WAF_REPUTATION_ACTION"}
 	}
 
-	const tagSetting = "SWW_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT"
+	const tagSetting = "SWW_WAF_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT"
 
 	asnRequests := lowest(given(cfg.TagLimitPercent, asnTag(asn), tagSetting), fetched)
 	countryRequests := given(cfg.TagLimitPercent, countryTag(country), tagSetting)
@@ -81,11 +81,12 @@ func (rq *request) limitPercentages() (percentage, percentage) {
 
 	asnBytes, countryBytes := asnRequests, countryRequests
 	if _, listed := cfg.ASNBytesPercent[asn]; listed {
-		asnBytes = given(cfg.ASNBytesPercent, asn, "SWW_ASN_BYTES_PERCENT")
+		asnBytes = given(cfg.ASNBytesPercent, asn, "SWW_WAF_ASN_BYTES_PERCENT")
 	}
 
 	if _, listed := cfg.CountryBytesPercent[country]; listed {
-		countryBytes = given(cfg.CountryBytesPercent, country, "SWW_COUNTRY_BYTES_PERCENT")
+		countryBytes = given(cfg.CountryBytesPercent, country,
+			"SWW_WAF_COUNTRY_BYTES_PERCENT")
 	}
 
 	return lowest(asnRequests, countryRequests, otherTags, unknown, blocklisted,

internal/waf/biased_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package discriminator_test
+package waf_test
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
@@ -15,17 +15,17 @@ import (
 
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/alerts"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/bans"
-	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/discriminator"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/lookup/lookuptest"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/requestlog"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/waf"
 )
 
 // The biased thresholds.
 const (
-	tagLimitPercent     = "SWW_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT"
-	asnBytesPercent     = "SWW_ASN_BYTES_PERCENT"
-	countryBytesPercent = "SWW_COUNTRY_BYTES_PERCENT"
-	unknownLimitPercent = "SWW_UNKNOWN_LIMIT_PERCENT"
+	tagLimitPercent     = "SWW_WAF_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT"
+	asnBytesPercent     = "SWW_WAF_ASN_BYTES_PERCENT"
+	countryBytesPercent = "SWW_WAF_COUNTRY_BYTES_PERCENT"
+	unknownLimitPercent = "SWW_WAF_UNKNOWN_LIMIT_PERCENT"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ const (
 	asnDEHalf     = asnDE + ":50"
 	asnDEQuarter  = asnDE + ":25"
 	countryDEHalf = "de:50"
-	// The same, as SWW_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT names fromDE's tags.
+	// The same, as SWW_WAF_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT names fromDE's tags.
 	asnTagDEHalf        = "asn=64496:50"
 	asnTagDEQuarter     = "asn=64496:25"
 	countryTagDEHalf    = "country=DE:50"
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ func TestLowestPercentageApplies(t *testing.T) {
 			noCountry, "25 from " + unknownLimitPercent,
 		},
 		{
-			// SWW_UNKNOWN_LIMIT_PERCENT is left at its default, 100.
+			// SWW_WAF_UNKNOWN_LIMIT_PERCENT is left at its default, 100.
 			"the AS number's, for a client without a country",
 			map[string]string{tagLimitPercent: "asn=64500:25"},
 			noCountry, "25 from " + tagLimitPercent,
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ func TestClientWithoutAnAnswerInTimeHasTheUnknownLimitPercent(t *testing.T) {
 	// In a synctest bubble, as TestRequestWaitsAsLongAsTheLookupTimeoutSays
 	// says, with a GeoJS that never answers.
 	synctest.Test(t, func(t *testing.T) {
-		server, out, _ := newDiscriminator(t, silentGeoJSURL, time.Now,
+		server, out, _ := newWAF(t, silentGeoJSURL, time.Now,
 			map[string]string{unknownLimitPercent: "0"})
 
 		// Once the time the request waits for its answer is up, the client
@@ -335,7 +335,7 @@ func TestRequestWaitsForItsLookupWhileABiasedThresholdIsSet(t *testing.T) {
 			// In a synctest bubble, as TestRequestWaitsAsLongAsTheLookupTimeoutSays
 			// says, with a GeoJS that never answers.
 			synctest.Test(t, func(t *testing.T) {
-				server, out, _ := newDiscriminator(t, silentGeoJSURL, time.Now,
+				server, out, _ := newWAF(t, silentGeoJSURL, time.Now,
 					map[string]string{
 						lookupTimeout: timeout.String(), tagLists: "vpn=" + vpnList, tc.setting: tc.value,
 					})
@@ -437,7 +437,7 @@ func TestBanForALoweredLimitGivesThePercentageInItsNotesAndItsAlert(t *testing.T
 // clock.
 func startWithLookups(
 	t *testing.T, env map[string]string,
-) (*sender, *discriminator.Server, *alerts.Queue) {
+) (*sender, *waf.Server, *alerts.Queue) {
 	t.Helper()
 
 	s, _, server, queue := startWithLookupsAndClock(t, env)
@@ -452,7 +452,7 @@ func startWithLookups(
 // country, and no other address.
 func startWithLookupsAndClock(
 	t *testing.T, env map[string]string,
-) (*sender, *clock, *discriminator.Server, *alerts.Queue) {
+) (*sender, *clock, *waf.Server, *alerts.Queue) {
 	t.Helper()
 
 	path := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "ipinfo_lite.mmdb")
@@ -482,12 +482,12 @@ func (s *sender) uploadFrom(from string) logLine {
 // straight to server's handler, without the network, and returns once it is
 // answered.
 func serveFromDE(
-	t *testing.T, server *discriminator.Server, method string, body io.Reader,
+	t *testing.T, server *waf.Server, method string, body io.Reader,
 ) {
 	t.Helper()
 
 	req := httptest.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), method, "/", body)
-	req.Header.Set(discriminator.ClientHeader, fromDE)
+	req.Header.Set(waf.ClientHeader, fromDE)
 	req.Header.Set(requestIDHeader, "the-id")
 
 	server.Handler.ServeHTTP(httptest.NewRecorder(), req)
@@ -505,7 +505,7 @@ func wantPercent(t *testing.T, what string, percent *int64, setting, want string
 }
 
 // percentText gives a limit percentage and the setting that gave it as
-// text, such as "50 from SWW_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT", or none when both are
+// text, such as "50 from SWW_WAF_TAG_LIMIT_PERCENT", or none when both are
 // left out.
 func percentText(percent *int64, setting string) string {
 	switch {

internal/waf/blocklists.go

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-package discriminator
+package waf
 
-// The heuristic blocklists. It reads SWW_BLOCKLIST_ACTION, and the blocklists
+// The heuristic blocklists. It reads SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_ACTION, and the blocklists
 // through the reputation lists.
 
 import (
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 // blocklists notes the blocklists that list the client, as noteListed does,
-// and refuses the request when SWW_BLOCKLIST_ACTION is deny. Being limit, it
+// and refuses the request when SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_ACTION is deny. Being limit, it
 // lowers the client's limits instead (see limitPercentages), and being log, it
 // does nothing more. Its figure is the blocklists that list the client.
 type blocklists struct{}
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ func (blocklists) check(_ context.Context, rq *request, _ time.Time) *verdict {
 
 // refusedByBlocklists reports whether the heuristic blocklists refuses a
 // client, given listedBy, the blocklists that list it: it does when one lists
-// it and SWW_BLOCKLIST_ACTION is deny.
+// it and SWW_WAF_BLOCKLIST_ACTION is deny.
 func (rq *request) refusedByBlocklists(listedBy []string) bool {
 	return len(listedBy) > 0 && rq.h.config.BlocklistAction == deny
 }

internal/waf/bytelimits.go

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-package discriminator
+package waf
 
-// The heuristic byte_limits. It reads SWW_BYTES_COUNT, and the byte limits
+// The heuristic byte_limits. It reads SWW_WAF_BYTES_COUNT, and the byte limits
 // and biased thresholds through the limiter and limitPercentages.
 
 import (

internal/waf/bytelimits_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package discriminator_test
+package waf_test
 
 import (
 	"bufio"
@@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ import (
 
 // The byte limit settings.
 const (
-	bytesLimitPerMinute = "SWW_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE"
-	bytesLimitPerHour   = "SWW_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_HOUR"
-	bytesLimitPerDay    = "SWW_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_DAY"
-	bytesCount          = "SWW_BYTES_COUNT"
+	bytesLimitPerMinute = "SWW_WAF_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE"
+	bytesLimitPerHour   = "SWW_WAF_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_HOUR"
+	bytesLimitPerDay    = "SWW_WAF_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_DAY"
+	bytesCount          = "SWW_WAF_BYTES_COUNT"
 )
 
-// The values of SWW_BYTES_COUNT.
+// The values of SWW_WAF_BYTES_COUNT.
 const (
 	countResponse = "response"
 	countRequest  = "request"
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ const (
 	// byteLimit is the byte limit these tests set, as a setting: a request
 	// with a body and its answer, 100 bytes, go over it.
 	byteLimit = "99"
-	// minuteBytes is limit_hit for SWW_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE.
+	// minuteBytes is limit_hit for SWW_WAF_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE.
 	minuteBytes = "minute_bytes"
 )
 
@@ -227,8 +227,8 @@ func TestByteLimitsLeaveOutWhatTheRateLimitsLeaveOut(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	const (
-		allowed = "192.0.2.7"  // in SWW_ALLOW_NETS
-		exempt  = "192.0.2.10" // in SWW_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_NETS
+		allowed = "192.0.2.7"  // in SWW_WAF_ALLOW_NETS
+		exempt  = "192.0.2.10" // in SWW_WAF_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_NETS
 	)
 
 	s, _ := startWithAnswers(t, map[string]string{

internal/waf/client.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package discriminator
+package waf
 
 import (
 	"crypto/rand"
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ func scheme(r *http.Request, isQuestion bool) string {
 
 // clientGroup is the client a request is counted toward: its IPv4
 // address, or its IPv6 group, the netblock its IPv6 address is in of the
-// length SWW_IPV6_GROUP_PREFIX sets, a /64 by default, since one abuser
+// length SWW_WAF_IPV6_GROUP_PREFIX sets, a /64 by default, since one abuser
 // usually holds a whole /64. An IPv4 address in IPv6 form counts as IPv4.
 func (h *handler) clientGroup(addr netip.Addr) netip.Prefix {
 	addr = addr.Unmap()