Default WEBHOOKER_ENVIRONMENT to prod

An unset WEBHOOKER_ENVIRONMENT now resolves to prod rather than dev, so
an operator who forgets the variable is not silently permissive. The
only behaviour dev still changes is the CORS middleware, which answers
every origin with Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *; that is now off
unless dev is set explicitly. Cookie Secure and CSRF strictness are
decided per request from the transport and are unaffected.

Updated resolveEnvironment and its comment, the README configuration
table and prose, and tests covering the default and the explicit dev.
Comments that justified behaviour by the old dev default (the
TRUSTED_PROXIES warning, a CSRF test) were corrected; that warning
still fires in every environment when TRUSTED_PROXIES is empty.

Model: opus-4-8

README.md

@@ -92,7 +92,8 @@ them at once. A variable already present in the real environment wins
 over the file's value for the same name.
 
 The environment is selected by setting `WEBHOOKER_ENVIRONMENT` to `dev`
-or `prod` (default: `dev`). The setting controls exactly one behavior:
+or `prod` (default: `prod`; `dev` must be set explicitly). The setting
+controls exactly one behavior:
 
 | Behavior | `dev`                   | `prod`           |
 | -------- | ----------------------- | ---------------- |
@@ -134,7 +135,7 @@ TTY detection, and security headers are always applied.
 
 | Variable                | Description                         | Default  |
 | ----------------------- | ----------------------------------- | -------- |
-| `WEBHOOKER_ENVIRONMENT` | `dev` or `prod`                     | `dev`    |
+| `WEBHOOKER_ENVIRONMENT` | `dev` or `prod`                     | `prod`   |
 | `PORT`                  | HTTP listen port                    | `8080`   |
 | `BIND_ADDRESS`          | IP address the HTTP listener binds. Loopback by default, so the cleartext listener is not published on every interface. The Docker image ships `0.0.0.0` instead. See [Bind address](#bind-address) | `127.0.0.1` (image: `0.0.0.0`) |
 | `DATA_DIR`              | Directory for all SQLite databases  | `/var/lib/webhooker` |
@@ -400,9 +401,9 @@ the bucket is. See [Rate Limiting](#rate-limiting).
 The remedy is to set `TRUSTED_PROXIES` to your reverse proxy's
 address, which restores per-client buckets. webhooker logs a warning
 at startup whenever `TRUSTED_PROXIES` is empty, in every environment —
-not only when `WEBHOOKER_ENVIRONMENT=prod`, because that variable
-defaults to `dev` and an operator who never set it is precisely the
-one at risk. The warning is informational when nothing proxies to the
+the warning does not depend on `WEBHOOKER_ENVIRONMENT`, because an
+operator who never configured the deployment is precisely the one at
+risk. The warning is informational when nothing proxies to the
 process: with no proxy in front, the peer address is the client's own
 and the buckets are already per-client. See
 [Rate Limiting](#rate-limiting) for what each limit shares.
@@ -754,15 +755,15 @@ reports.
    that.
 2. **Set `WEBHOOKER_ENVIRONMENT=prod`, and make sure the proxy sends
    `X-Forwarded-Proto`.** These are two requirements, not one. The
-   environment setting decides CORS and nothing else: the default
-   `dev` answers every origin with `Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *`
-   (without credentials), which a server-rendered production
-   deployment has no use for. Cookie `Secure` and the strict
-   Origin/Referer mode are **not** tied to it — they are decided per
-   request from the transport, which behind a proxy means the
-   `X-Forwarded-Proto` header. The block below sets it; without it
-   every request is read as plaintext and cookies ship without
-   `Secure`. See [Configuration](#configuration).
+   environment setting decides CORS and nothing else: `dev` answers
+   every origin with `Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *` (without
+   credentials), which a server-rendered production deployment has no
+   use for, and `prod` — the default — disables it. Cookie `Secure`
+   and the strict Origin/Referer mode are **not** tied to it — they
+   are decided per request from the transport, which behind a proxy
+   means the `X-Forwarded-Proto` header. The block below sets it;
+   without it every request is read as plaintext and cookies ship
+   without `Secure`. See [Configuration](#configuration).
 3. **Set `TRUSTED_PROXIES` to the proxy's address.** Unset, every rate
    limiter keys on the connecting peer, which behind a proxy is the
    proxy on every request: all clients collapse into one global bucket
@@ -1507,7 +1508,7 @@ events should be forwarded.
 | `type`           | TargetType | One of: `http`, `slack`, `database`, `log` |
 | `active`         | boolean    | Whether deliveries are enabled (default: true) |
 | `config`         | JSON text  | Type-specific configuration |
-| `max_retries`    | integer    | Total delivery attempts for `http` and `slack` targets, not retries on top of the first: 0 is a single fire-and-forget attempt with no retries and no circuit breaker, and a value of N makes N attempts in all, with exponential backoff and a per-target circuit breaker. Ignored by `database` and `log` targets |
+| `max_retries`    | integer    | Maximum retry attempts for `http` and `slack` targets (0 = fire-and-forget, >0 = retries with backoff and a circuit breaker). Ignored by `database` and `log` targets |
 | `max_queue_size` | integer    | Stored and shown on the target's detail view, but not enforced anywhere yet: nothing in the delivery engine consults it. Queue depth is set by the two fixed 10,000-entry channels |
 
 **Relations:** Belongs to Webhook. Has many Deliveries.
@@ -1515,12 +1516,12 @@ events should be forwarded.
 **Target types:**
 
 - **`http`** — Forward the event as an HTTP POST to a configured URL.
-  `max_retries` is the total number of delivery attempts, not retries on
-  top of the first: when `max_retries` is 0 (the default), the target
-  operates in fire-and-forget mode, a single attempt with no retries and
-  no circuit breaker; a value of N makes up to N attempts in all,
-  retrying failed deliveries with exponential backoff and protecting them
-  with a per-target circuit breaker.
+  Behavior depends on `max_retries`: when `max_retries` is 0 (the
+  default), the target operates in fire-and-forget mode — a single
+  attempt with no retries and no circuit breaker. When `max_retries` is
+  greater than 0, failed deliveries are retried with exponential backoff
+  up to `max_retries` attempts, protected by a per-target circuit
+  breaker.
 - **`slack`** — Post the event as a formatted message to a
   Slack-compatible incoming webhook URL (`webhookUrl` in `config`). It
   is built on the same HTTP core as `http` and honours `max_retries`

internal/config/config.go

@@ -585,12 +585,14 @@ func resolveMetricsAuth() (string, string, error) {
 	)
 }
 
-// resolveEnvironment reads WEBHOOKER_ENVIRONMENT, defaulting to
-// dev, and rejects unrecognised values.
+// resolveEnvironment reads WEBHOOKER_ENVIRONMENT, defaulting to prod
+// when it is unset so a deployment that forgets the variable is not
+// silently permissive; dev must be set explicitly. It rejects
+// unrecognised values.
 func resolveEnvironment() (string, error) {
 	environment := os.Getenv("WEBHOOKER_ENVIRONMENT")
 	if environment == "" {
-		environment = EnvironmentDev
+		environment = EnvironmentProd
 	}
 
 	if environment != EnvironmentDev &&
@@ -772,10 +774,10 @@ func (c *Config) warnEgressAllowlist(log *slog.Logger) {
 // everyone else's wrong passwords, and the receiver's limits become
 // service-wide ceilings.
 //
-// The warning is deliberately not gated on WEBHOOKER_ENVIRONMENT. That
-// variable defaults to dev, so gating on it would silence the warning
-// for exactly the operator who forgot to configure the deployment —
-// the case it exists to catch.
+// The warning is deliberately not gated on WEBHOOKER_ENVIRONMENT: an
+// operator who never configured the deployment is exactly the case it
+// exists to catch, so the exposure it announces is independent of the
+// environment setting.
 //
 // The default of trusting nobody is deliberate — trusting forwarded
 // headers from arbitrary peers lets any client choose its own bucket —

internal/config/config_test.go

@@ -44,9 +44,9 @@ func TestEnvironmentConfig(t *testing.T) {
 		isProd      bool
 	}{
 		{
-			name:   "default is dev",
-			isDev:  true,
-			isProd: false,
+			name:   "default is prod",
+			isDev:  false,
+			isProd: true,
 		},
 		{
 			name:     "explicit dev",
@@ -848,10 +848,10 @@ func TestEgressAllowlistWarning(t *testing.T) {
 // tells an operator a deployment behind a reverse proxy shares one
 // rate-limit bucket between every client, which turns the receiver
 // limits into service-wide ceilings and collapses login failure
-// counting. It must fire whenever TRUSTED_PROXIES is empty,
-// in any environment: WEBHOOKER_ENVIRONMENT defaults to dev, so gating
-// on it would silence the warning for exactly the operator who never
-// configured the deployment. It stays quiet once proxies are named.
+// counting. It must fire whenever TRUSTED_PROXIES is empty, in any
+// environment: the warning does not depend on WEBHOOKER_ENVIRONMENT,
+// since an operator who never configured the deployment is exactly the
+// one it exists to catch. It stays quiet once proxies are named.
 func TestSharedRateLimitBucketWarning(t *testing.T) {
 	tests := []struct {
 		name           string
@@ -871,10 +871,9 @@ func TestSharedRateLimitBucketWarning(t *testing.T) {
 			expectWarning:  false,
 		},
 		{
-			// The default environment. An internet-exposed
-			// deployment whose operator never set
-			// WEBHOOKER_ENVIRONMENT lands here and has exactly
-			// the exposure the warning announces.
+			// An internet-exposed deployment whose operator set
+			// WEBHOOKER_ENVIRONMENT=dev has exactly the exposure
+			// the warning announces.
 			name:          "dev without trusted proxies warns",
 			environment:   config.EnvironmentDev,
 			expectWarning: true,

internal/database/database.go

@@ -17,12 +17,12 @@ import (
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/webhooker/internal/banner"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/webhooker/internal/config"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/webhooker/internal/datadir"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/webhooker/internal/gormlog"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/webhooker/internal/logger"
 )
 
 const (
-	dataDirPerm       = 0750
 	randomPasswordLen = 16
 	sessionKeyLen     = 32
 )
@@ -185,7 +185,9 @@ func (d *Database) connect() error {
 // caller's decision.
 func (d *Database) connectTo(dataDir string) error {
 	// Ensure the data directory exists before opening the database.
-	err := os.MkdirAll(dataDir, dataDirPerm)
+	// datadir.DirPerm is the single source of the directory mode; this
+	// package creates the directory too, since either may run first.
+	err := os.MkdirAll(dataDir, datadir.DirPerm)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf(
 			"creating data directory %s: %w",

internal/database/webhook_db_manager.go

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 	"gorm.io/driver/sqlite"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/webhooker/internal/config"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/webhooker/internal/datadir"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/webhooker/internal/gormlog"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/webhooker/internal/logger"
 )
@@ -53,8 +54,9 @@ func NewWebhookDBManager(
 		log:     params.Logger.Get(),
 	}
 
-	// Create data directory if it doesn't exist
-	err := os.MkdirAll(m.dataDir, dataDirPerm)
+	// Create data directory if it doesn't exist. datadir.DirPerm is the
+	// single source of the directory mode; either package may run first.
+	err := os.MkdirAll(m.dataDir, datadir.DirPerm)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf(
 			"creating data directory %s: %w",

internal/datadir/lock.go

@@ -29,9 +29,11 @@ import (
 // process that was killed with SIGKILL blocks nothing.
 const LockFileName = "webhooker.lock"
 
-// dirPerm is the mode Acquire creates DATA_DIR with. It matches what
-// internal/database uses, since whichever runs first creates it.
-const dirPerm = 0o750
+// DirPerm is the mode DATA_DIR is created with. It is the single
+// source of that mode: internal/database consumes it rather than
+// keeping its own copy, so the two packages that both create the
+// directory cannot drift into disagreeing about its permissions.
+const DirPerm = 0o750
 
 // ErrLocked reports that another live process holds the data
 // directory. Callers that need to know whether a deployment is running
@@ -64,7 +66,7 @@ func Acquire(dir string) (*Lock, error) {
 		return nil, ErrNoDir
 	}
 
-	err := os.MkdirAll(dir, dirPerm)
+	err := os.MkdirAll(dir, DirPerm)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf(
 			"creating data directory %s: %w", dir, err,

internal/handlers/ui_copy_test.go

@@ -300,80 +300,3 @@ func TestEntrypointCopyButtonIsProgressiveEnhancement(t *testing.T) {
 		"the page must render to completion, not abort partway",
 	)
 }
-
-// maxRetriesHelp is the wording both target forms must carry. The
-// delivery core makes max_retries attempts in total, not that many
-// retries on top of a first try (a fresh delivery starts at attempt 1
-// and target_http gives up once the attempt number reaches
-// max_retries), and 0 is special-cased to a single fire-and-forget
-// attempt with no circuit breaker.
-const maxRetriesHelp = "This is the total number of delivery attempts, " +
-	"not retries on top of the first: a value of 3 makes three attempts " +
-	"in all. 0 means a single attempt with no retries and no circuit " +
-	"breaker."
-
-// TestTargetFormMaxRetriesCopyMatchesBehaviour pins the max_retries
-// help text on both the create form (the add-target form on the webhook
-// detail page) and the edit form, so the copy cannot drift back to
-// calling the number a retry count.
-func TestTargetFormMaxRetriesCopyMatchesBehaviour(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	var h *handlers.Handlers
-
-	var sess *session.Session
-
-	app := newTestApp(t, &h, &sess)
-	app.RequireStart()
-
-	t.Cleanup(app.RequireStop)
-
-	webhook := &database.Webhook{Name: "wh", RetentionDays: 14}
-	webhook.ID = testWebhookID
-
-	entrypoint := database.Entrypoint{Path: "abc123"}
-	entrypoint.ID = "ep-1"
-
-	createBody := renderPage(
-		t, h, sess, "source_detail.html", map[string]any{
-			dataKeyWebhook: webhook,
-			"Entrypoints": handlers.NewEntrypointViews(
-				[]database.Entrypoint{entrypoint},
-			),
-			"Targets": delivery.NewTargetViews(nil),
-			"Events":  []database.Event{},
-			"BaseURL": "https://hooks.example.com",
-		},
-	)
-
-	assert.Contains(
-		t, createBody, maxRetriesHelp,
-		"the add-target form must explain max_retries as total attempts",
-	)
-
-	// A slack target exercises the same max_retries field while needing
-	// only Config.URL from the edit template, so the test data stays
-	// minimal. The Target key mirrors the field names the template reads
-	// off the handler's view value.
-	editBody := renderPage(
-		t, h, sess, "target_edit.html", map[string]any{
-			dataKeyWebhook: webhook,
-			"Target": map[string]any{
-				"ID":         "tg-1",
-				"Name":       "t",
-				"Type":       "slack",
-				"Active":     true,
-				"MaxRetries": 3,
-				"Config": map[string]any{
-					"URL": "https://hooks.slack.com/services/x",
-				},
-			},
-			dataKeyError: "",
-		},
-	)
-
-	assert.Contains(
-		t, editBody, maxRetriesHelp,
-		"the target edit form must explain max_retries as total attempts",
-	)
-}

internal/middleware/csrf_test.go

@@ -380,9 +380,8 @@ func csrfTookStrictPath(
 
 // TestCSRF_ForwardedProtoSpellingsTakeStrictPath runs the header
 // spellings a real proxy emits through the middleware. The environment
-// is dev -- the DEFAULT when WEBHOOKER_ENVIRONMENT is unset -- to pin
-// that the routing is a per-request transport decision and owes
-// nothing to configuration.
+// is set to dev -- the permissive setting -- to pin that the routing is
+// a per-request transport decision and owes nothing to configuration.
 func TestCSRF_ForwardedProtoSpellingsTakeStrictPath(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 

templates/source_detail.html

@@ -120,12 +120,9 @@
                         <label class="text-sm text-gray-700">Timeout (seconds, blank = default):</label>
                         <input type="number" name="timeout" min="0" max="300" :disabled="targetType !== 'http'" class="input text-sm w-24">
                     </div>
-                    <div x-show="targetType === 'http'">
-                        <div class="flex gap-2 items-center">
-                            <label class="text-sm text-gray-700">Max retries:</label>
-                            <input type="number" name="max_retries" value="0" min="0" max="20" class="input text-sm w-24">
-                        </div>
-                        <p class="text-xs text-gray-500 mt-1">This is the total number of delivery attempts, not retries on top of the first: a value of 3 makes three attempts in all. 0 means a single attempt with no retries and no circuit breaker.</p>
+                    <div x-show="targetType === 'http'" class="flex gap-2 items-center">
+                        <label class="text-sm text-gray-700">Max retries (0 = fire-and-forget):</label>
+                        <input type="number" name="max_retries" value="0" min="0" max="20" class="input text-sm w-24">
                     </div>
                     <div x-show="targetType === 'slack'">
                         <input type="url" name="url" placeholder="https://hooks.slack.com/services/..." :disabled="targetType !== 'slack'" class="input text-sm">

templates/target_edit.html

@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@
             <div class="form-group">
                 <label for="max_retries" class="label">Max retries</label>
                 <input type="number" id="max_retries" name="max_retries" value="{{.Target.MaxRetries}}" min="0" max="20" class="input">
-                <p class="text-xs text-gray-500 mt-1">This is the total number of delivery attempts, not retries on top of the first: a value of 3 makes three attempts in all. 0 means a single attempt with no retries and no circuit breaker.</p>
+                <p class="text-xs text-gray-500 mt-1">0 is fire-and-forget: one attempt, no circuit breaker.</p>
             </div>
             {{end}}