Shorten internal/vaultik tests under the race detector (closes #416)

All SQLite work in the package serializes on one allocator lock under
-race, so its run time follows the total work. Tests that need one
backup to a file:// destination now copy a shared backup made once.
The sweeper and locality fixtures are smaller, and the list truncation
test encodes one manifest instead of 1001, which cut the part of the
run that is not parallel from about 11 to 3 seconds.

Model: opus-5-5

README.md

@@ -831,8 +831,7 @@ Work planned after 1.0. Loosely ordered by priority.
 
 Every command's user-facing output is governed by `internal/ui`, in one of two
 ways. Color is enabled when the stream written to is a TTY and the `NO_COLOR`
-environment variable is unset (https://no-color.org/). The same rule governs the
-colorized log lines `internal/log` writes to a terminal.
+environment variable is unset (https://no-color.org/).
 
 - **Status, progress, warnings, and errors** go through the `internal/ui`
   message methods below: marker-prefixed, colored on a TTY, and — except

internal/log/tty_handler.go

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"log/slog"
-	"os"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
@@ -61,12 +60,6 @@ type TTYHandler struct {
 	mu   *sync.Mutex
 	out  io.Writer
 
-	// color reports whether records are written with ANSI color. It is
-	// false when NO_COLOR is set, matching internal/ui's shouldColor
-	// test; the caller already chose this handler for a terminal, so
-	// TTY-ness is not re-checked here.
-	color bool
-
 	// attrs are the attributes accumulated through WithAttrs, emitted
 	// ahead of each record's own attributes. Their keys already carry
 	// the group path that was open when they were added, so no
@@ -79,19 +72,16 @@ type TTYHandler struct {
 	groups []string
 }
 
-// NewTTYHandler creates a new TTY handler. Color is enabled unless the
-// NO_COLOR environment variable is set to a non-empty value, the same
-// test internal/ui applies to status lines.
+// NewTTYHandler creates a new TTY handler with colored output.
 func NewTTYHandler(out io.Writer, opts *slog.HandlerOptions) *TTYHandler {
 	if opts == nil {
 		opts = &slog.HandlerOptions{}
 	}
 
 	return &TTYHandler{
-		out:   out,
-		opts:  *opts,
-		mu:    &sync.Mutex{},
-		color: os.Getenv("NO_COLOR") == "",
+		out:  out,
+		opts: *opts,
+		mu:   &sync.Mutex{},
 	}
 }
 
@@ -134,10 +124,10 @@ func (h *TTYHandler) Handle(_ context.Context, r slog.Record) error {
 	// are written around it: it can carry text from an untrusted source
 	// (a storage error, for one), and a raw control character would
 	// otherwise reach the terminal.
-	_, _ = fmt.Fprintf(h.out, "%s %s %s",
-		h.paint(colorGray, timestamp),
-		h.paint(levelColor, level),
-		h.paint(colorBold, sanitize(r.Message)))
+	_, _ = fmt.Fprintf(h.out, "%s%s%s %s%s%s %s%s%s",
+		colorGray, timestamp, colorReset,
+		levelColor, level, colorReset,
+		colorBold, sanitize(r.Message), colorReset)
 
 	// Attributes carried by the handler come first, then the record's
 	// own. Handler attributes were qualified when they were added; the
@@ -246,7 +236,6 @@ func (h *TTYHandler) clone() *TTYHandler {
 		opts:   h.opts,
 		mu:     h.mu,
 		out:    h.out,
-		color:  h.color,
 		attrs:  make([]slog.Attr, len(h.attrs), len(h.attrs)+1),
 		groups: make([]string, len(h.groups), len(h.groups)+1),
 	}
@@ -284,19 +273,9 @@ func (h *TTYHandler) writeAttr(a slog.Attr) {
 	// the snapshot database — so a control character in one of them must
 	// be rendered as an escape sequence rather than reaching the terminal,
 	// where it could move the cursor or inject its own colours.
-	_, _ = fmt.Fprintf(h.out, " %s=%s",
-		h.paint(colorCyan, sanitize(a.Key)),
-		h.paint(colorBlue, sanitize(value)))
-}
-
-// paint wraps s in the given ANSI color when color is enabled, and
-// returns s unchanged otherwise.
-func (h *TTYHandler) paint(color, s string) string {
-	if !h.color {
-		return s
-	}
-
-	return color + s + colorReset
+	_, _ = fmt.Fprintf(h.out, " %s%s%s=%s%s%s",
+		colorCyan, sanitize(a.Key), colorReset,
+		colorBlue, sanitize(value), colorReset)
 }
 
 // sanitize returns s unchanged when every rune in it is printable, and a

internal/log/tty_handler_test.go

@@ -421,44 +421,3 @@ func TestTTYHandlerEmptyGroupAndAttrsAreNoOps(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Contains(t, plain, "kept=yes")
 	assert.NotContains(t, plain, " =")
 }
-
-// TestTTYHandlerRespectsNoColor checks that only a non-empty NO_COLOR
-// turns color off, matching internal/ui's shouldColor test. The handler
-// is only ever chosen for a terminal, so this is the one remaining
-// condition that can still leave color in log output.
-func TestTTYHandlerRespectsNoColor(t *testing.T) {
-	cases := []struct {
-		name    string
-		noColor string
-		colored bool
-	}{
-		{
-			name:    "NO_COLOR turns color off",
-			noColor: "1",
-		},
-		{
-			name:    "empty NO_COLOR keeps color on",
-			noColor: "",
-			colored: true,
-		},
-	}
-
-	for _, testCase := range cases {
-		t.Run(testCase.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			t.Setenv("NO_COLOR", testCase.noColor)
-
-			var buf bytes.Buffer
-
-			logger := slog.New(log.NewTTYHandler(&buf, debugHandlerOptions()))
-			logger.Info("hello", "key", "value")
-
-			if testCase.colored {
-				assert.Contains(t, buf.String(), "\x1b[",
-					"an empty NO_COLOR must leave ANSI color in log output")
-			} else {
-				assert.NotContains(t, buf.String(), "\x1b[",
-					"NO_COLOR must suppress every ANSI escape in log output")
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}

internal/vaultik/missing_destination_test.go

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
+	"sync"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/spf13/afero"
@@ -24,19 +25,28 @@ import (
 // that is not plugged in, cannot be listed. It is not an empty store, so
 // no command may conclude from it that the local snapshots are gone.
 
-// newFileDestinationVaultik returns a Vaultik that backs up the
-// snapshot named "first" to a file:// destination at storeDir.
+// newFileDestinationVaultik writes the fault source tree and returns a
+// Vaultik that backs it up to a file:// destination at storeDir.
 func newFileDestinationVaultik(
 	ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, storeDir string,
 ) (*vaultik.Vaultik, *database.Repositories) {
 	t.Helper()
 
-	osFs := afero.NewOsFs()
 	tempDir := t.TempDir()
 	dataDir := filepath.Join(tempDir, "src")
-	dbPath := filepath.Join(tempDir, "index.sqlite")
+	writeFaultSourceTree(t, afero.NewOsFs(), dataDir)
 
-	writeFaultSourceTree(t, osFs, dataDir)
+	return openFileDestinationVaultik(ctx, t, storeDir, dataDir,
+		filepath.Join(tempDir, "index.sqlite"))
+}
+
+// openFileDestinationVaultik returns a Vaultik that backs up dataDir to a
+// file:// destination at storeDir, with its local index at dbPath. The
+// index is closed when the test ends.
+func openFileDestinationVaultik(
+	ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, storeDir, dataDir, dbPath string,
+) (*vaultik.Vaultik, *database.Repositories) {
+	t.Helper()
 
 	store, err := storage.NewFileStorer(storeDir)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
@@ -48,22 +58,84 @@ func newFileDestinationVaultik(
 	repos := database.NewRepositories(db)
 	cfg := changedFileConfig(dataDir, dbPath)
 
-	return newBackupVaultik(ctx, cfg, store, repos, db, osFs), repos
+	return newBackupVaultik(ctx, cfg, store, repos, db, afero.NewOsFs()), repos
+}
+
+// firstBackup is one backup of the snapshot named "first" to a file://
+// destination. dir holds its source tree in src, its store in store and
+// its closed local index in index/index.sqlite. The first test that
+// needs it makes it, and TestMain removes it. Every test that copies it
+// backs up the same source tree, so no test may change that tree.
+//
+//nolint:gochecknoglobals // made once and shared by the tests that copy it
+var firstBackup struct {
+	once  sync.Once
+	dir   string
+	ready bool
+}
+
+// TestMain removes firstBackup once every test has run.
+func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
+	code := m.Run()
+
+	_ = os.RemoveAll(firstBackup.dir)
+
+	os.Exit(code)
+}
+
+// makeFirstBackup writes the fault source tree and backs it up as the
+// snapshot named "first", all in a new directory that it records in
+// firstBackup.
+func makeFirstBackup(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T) {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	dir, err := os.MkdirTemp("", "vaultik-first-backup-")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	firstBackup.dir = dir
+	storeDir := filepath.Join(dir, "store")
+	dataDir := filepath.Join(dir, "src")
+	indexDir := filepath.Join(dir, "index")
+
+	require.NoError(t, os.Mkdir(storeDir, 0o750))
+	require.NoError(t, os.Mkdir(indexDir, 0o750))
+	writeFaultSourceTree(t, afero.NewOsFs(), dataDir)
+
+	v, _ := openFileDestinationVaultik(ctx, t, storeDir, dataDir,
+		filepath.Join(indexDir, "index.sqlite"))
+	require.NoError(t, backUp(v, "first"))
+	require.NoError(t, v.DB.Close())
+
+	firstBackup.ready = true
 }
 
 // backUpToFileDestination creates the directory storeDir, as a user must
-// before the first backup, and backs up the snapshot named "first" to a
-// file:// destination there. Everything the returned Vaultik prints
-// after the backup goes to the returned buffer.
+// before the first backup, and returns a Vaultik whose file://
+// destination there holds a backup of the snapshot named "first". The
+// store and the local index are copies of firstBackup's, which is faster
+// than backing up in every test. The returned Vaultik backs up a source
+// tree shared with every other caller, so no test may change that tree.
+// Everything the returned Vaultik prints after the backup goes to the
+// returned buffer.
 func backUpToFileDestination(
 	ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, storeDir string,
 ) (*vaultik.Vaultik, *database.Repositories, *bytes.Buffer) {
 	t.Helper()
 
-	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(storeDir, 0o750))
+	firstBackup.once.Do(func() { makeFirstBackup(ctx, t) })
+	require.True(t, firstBackup.ready, "another test failed to make firstBackup")
 
-	v, repos := newFileDestinationVaultik(ctx, t, storeDir)
-	require.NoError(t, backUp(v, "first"))
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(storeDir, 0o750))
+	require.NoError(t, os.CopyFS(storeDir,
+		os.DirFS(filepath.Join(firstBackup.dir, "store"))))
+
+	indexDir := t.TempDir()
+	require.NoError(t, os.CopyFS(indexDir,
+		os.DirFS(filepath.Join(firstBackup.dir, "index"))))
+
+	v, repos := openFileDestinationVaultik(ctx, t, storeDir,
+		filepath.Join(firstBackup.dir, "src"),
+		filepath.Join(indexDir, "index.sqlite"))
 
 	out := &bytes.Buffer{}
 	v.Stdout = out

internal/vaultik/restore_locality_test.go

@@ -46,11 +46,11 @@ import (
 //     slice out a few KB — currently the dominant cost in restore.
 //
 // The test deliberately constructs an adversarial scenario: three
-// blobs A/B/C of ~6 MB each, nine files distributed across them, and
-// path-ordered names that interleave the blobs (a1, b1, c1, a2, b2,
-// c2, …) so naive path-order processing would touch every blob before
-// finishing any of them.
-// localitySource is one 1 MiB fixture file used by the locality test.
+// blobs A/B/C of five 64 KiB chunks each, nine files distributed across
+// them, and path-ordered names that interleave the blobs (a1, b1, c1,
+// a2, b2, c2, …) so naive path-order processing would touch every blob
+// before finishing any of them.
+// localitySource is one 64 KiB fixture file used by the locality test.
 type localitySource struct {
 	path string
 	data []byte
@@ -65,10 +65,10 @@ type localityCopy struct {
 
 // localitySourceBytes is the size of each source file of the locality
 // fixture.
-const localitySourceBytes = 1024 * 1024
+const localitySourceBytes = 64 * 1024
 
 // buildLocalityFixture writes the adversarial source layout described
-// in TestRestoreLocalityAndReadAt: 15 sources of 1 MiB each (which the
+// in TestRestoreLocalityAndReadAt: 15 sources of 64 KiB each (which the
 // backup packs into 3 blobs of 5 chunks) plus 9 interleaved-name copies
 // (3 per blob group).
 func buildLocalityFixture(

internal/vaultik/restore_sweeper_integration_test.go

@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@ import (
 // TestRestoreSweeperEvictsBlobs exercises the reference-counted blob
 // disk cache eviction during restore.
 //
-// The scenario: 30 unique 1 MB random files plus 10 duplicates of those
-// (40 files total, 30 MB of unique content) get backed up with a 10 MB
-// blob_size_limit. After backup the snapshot's encrypted blobs are
-// restored through Vaultik.Restore, and per-key Get counts on the
+// The scenario: 30 unique 128 KiB random files plus 10 duplicates of
+// those (40 files total, 3.75 MiB of unique content) get backed up with
+// a 1 MiB blob_size_limit. After backup the snapshot's encrypted blobs
+// are restored through Vaultik.Restore, and per-key Get counts on the
 // storage layer are recorded. Each blob in the snapshot MUST be
 // downloaded exactly once — re-downloads would mean the sweeper either
 // evicted a blob that was still needed (LRU regression) or that the
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ import (
 // original AND every duplicate referencing its chunks have been
 // restored.
 // buildSweeperFixture writes the source layout for the sweeper test: 30
-// unique 1 MB random files plus 10 duplicates of a random subset. The
+// unique 128 KiB random files plus 10 duplicates of a random subset. The
 // PRNG seed is fixed so failures are reproducible; the entropy is what
 // matters here — the FastCDC chunker needs realistic-looking data to
 // pick chunk boundaries naturally. Returns the expected content by
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ func buildSweeperFixture(
 ) map[string][]byte {
 	t.Helper()
 
-	const fileSize = 1 * 1024 * 1024
+	const fileSize = 128 * 1024
 
 	rng := rand.New(rand.NewSource(42)) //nolint:gosec // G404: fixture data only
 
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ func runSweeperBackup(
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.Equal(t, uniqueFiles+duplicateFiles, scanResult.FilesScanned)
 	require.Greater(t, scanResult.BlobsCreated, 1,
-		"30 MB of unique data at 10 MB blob size should yield multiple blobs")
+		"3.75 MiB of unique data at 1 MiB blob size should yield multiple blobs")
 
 	require.NoError(t, sm.CompleteSnapshot(ctx, snapshotID))
 	require.NoError(t, sm.ExportSnapshotMetadata(ctx, dbPath, snapshotID))
@@ -199,8 +199,8 @@ func TestRestoreSweeperEvictsBlobs(t *testing.T) {
 
 	expected := buildSweeperFixture(t, fs, dataDir, uniqueFiles, duplicateFiles)
 
-	chunkSize := int64(64 * 1024)
-	maxBlobSize := int64(10 * 1024 * 1024)
+	chunkSize := int64(16 * 1024)
+	maxBlobSize := int64(1024 * 1024)
 
 	storer, err := storage.NewFileStorer(storeDir)
 	require.NoError(t, err)

internal/vaultik/snapshot_list_test.go

@@ -187,6 +187,17 @@ func (e *listEnv) addRemoteRawTimestamp(
 	t.Helper()
 
 	remoteKey := snapshot.RemoteSnapshotKey(snapshotID)
+	e.putRemoteManifest(t, remoteKey,
+		encodeRemoteManifest(t, remoteKey, timestamp))
+
+	return remoteKey
+}
+
+// encodeRemoteManifest returns the encoded manifest of a one-blob
+// snapshot whose remote key is remoteKey.
+func encodeRemoteManifest(t *testing.T, remoteKey, timestamp string) []byte {
+	t.Helper()
+
 	manifest := &snapshot.Manifest{
 		// Note: the hashed key, never the human ID. That is precisely
 		// why a remote-only snapshot cannot be named.
@@ -202,11 +213,17 @@ func (e *listEnv) addRemoteRawTimestamp(
 	data, err := snapshot.EncodeManifest(manifest, 3)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
-	err = e.store.Put(context.Background(),
+	return data
+}
+
+// putRemoteManifest stores an encoded manifest on the destination store
+// under remoteKey.
+func (e *listEnv) putRemoteManifest(t *testing.T, remoteKey string, data []byte) {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	err := e.store.Put(context.Background(),
 		"metadata/"+remoteKey+"/manifest.json.zst", bytes.NewReader(data))
 	require.NoError(t, err)
-
-	return remoteKey
 }
 
 // Fixtures shared across the listing tests.
@@ -791,9 +808,17 @@ func TestListSnapshots_JSONReportsTruncation(t *testing.T) {
 
 	timestamp := time.Date(2026, 3, 2, 11, 22, 33, 0, time.UTC)
 
-	// One past the cap, so exactly one snapshot is omitted.
+	// One past the cap, so exactly one snapshot is omitted. The listing
+	// names a snapshot by the key its manifest is stored under, never by
+	// the manifest's own ID. So all of them share one encoded manifest:
+	// encoding 1001 took seconds.
+	data := encodeRemoteManifest(t,
+		snapshot.RemoteSnapshotKey("otherhost_bulk"),
+		timestamp.Format(time.RFC3339))
+
 	for i := range maxRemoteOnlyRowsForTest + 1 {
-		env.addRemote(t, fmt.Sprintf("otherhost_bulk_%04d", i), timestamp)
+		env.putRemoteManifest(t, snapshot.RemoteSnapshotKey(
+			fmt.Sprintf("otherhost_bulk_%04d", i)), data)
 	}
 
 	stderr := captureProcessStderr(t, func() {