feat: add custom health check commands per app

Add configurable health check commands per app via a new 'healthcheck_command' field. When set, the command is passed to Docker as a CMD-SHELL health check on the container. When empty, the image's default health check is used. Changes: - Add migration 007 for healthcheck_command column on apps table - Add HealthcheckCommand field to App model with full CRUD support - Add buildHealthcheck() to docker client for CMD-SHELL config - Pass health check command through CreateContainerOptions - Add health check command input to app create/edit UI forms - Extract optionalNullString helper to reduce handler complexity - Update README features list closes #81
feat: monolithic env var editing with bulk save (#158 )
2026-03-17 02:11:08 -07:00 · 2026-03-11 12:06:56 +01:00
18 changed files with 823 additions and 260 deletions
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ A simple self-hosted PaaS that auto-deploys Docker containers from Git repositor
 - Per-app SSH keypairs for read-only deploy keys
 - Per-app UUID-based webhook URLs for Gitea integration
 - Branch filtering - only deploy on configured branch changes
- Environment variables, labels, and volume mounts per app
+- Environment variables, labels, volume mounts, and custom health checks per app
 - Docker builds via socket access
 - Notifications via ntfy and Slack-compatible webhooks
 - Simple server-rendered UI with Tailwind CSS
--- a/internal/database/migrations/007_add_healthcheck_command.sql
+++ b/internal/database/migrations/007_add_healthcheck_command.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+-- Add custom health check command per app
+ALTER TABLE apps ADD COLUMN healthcheck_command TEXT;
--- a/internal/docker/client.go
+++ b/internal/docker/client.go
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 	"regexp"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
+	"time"

 	dockertypes "github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/container"
@@ -138,13 +139,14 @@ func (c *Client) BuildImage(

 // CreateContainerOptions contains options for creating a container.
 type CreateContainerOptions struct {
-	Name    string
-	Image   string
-	Env     map[string]string
-	Labels  map[string]string
-	Volumes []VolumeMount
-	Ports   []PortMapping
-	Network string
+	Name               string
+	Image              string
+	Env                map[string]string
+	Labels             map[string]string
+	Volumes            []VolumeMount
+	Ports              []PortMapping
+	Network            string
+	HealthcheckCommand string // Custom health check shell command (empty = use image default)
 }

 // VolumeMount represents a volume mount.
@@ -185,6 +187,29 @@ func buildPortConfig(ports []PortMapping) (nat.PortSet, nat.PortMap) {
 	return exposedPorts, portBindings
 }

+// healthcheckInterval is the time between health check attempts.
+const healthcheckInterval = 30 * time.Second
+
+// healthcheckTimeout is the maximum time a single health check can take.
+const healthcheckTimeout = 10 * time.Second
+
+// healthcheckStartPeriod is the grace period before health checks start counting failures.
+const healthcheckStartPeriod = 15 * time.Second
+
+// healthcheckRetries is the number of consecutive failures needed to mark unhealthy.
+const healthcheckRetries = 3
+
+// buildHealthcheck creates a Docker health check config from a shell command string.
+func buildHealthcheck(command string) *container.HealthConfig {
+	return &container.HealthConfig{
+		Test:        []string{"CMD-SHELL", command},
+		Interval:    healthcheckInterval,
+		Timeout:     healthcheckTimeout,
+		StartPeriod: healthcheckStartPeriod,
+		Retries:     healthcheckRetries,
+	}
+}
+
 // CreateContainer creates a new container.
 func (c *Client) CreateContainer(
 	ctx context.Context,
@@ -218,14 +243,22 @@ func (c *Client) CreateContainer(
 	// Convert ports to exposed ports and port bindings
 	exposedPorts, portBindings := buildPortConfig(opts.Ports)

+	// Build container config
+	containerConfig := &container.Config{
+		Image:        opts.Image,
+		Env:          envSlice,
+		Labels:       opts.Labels,
+		ExposedPorts: exposedPorts,
+	}
+
+	// Apply custom health check if configured
+	if opts.HealthcheckCommand != "" {
+		containerConfig.Healthcheck = buildHealthcheck(opts.HealthcheckCommand)
+	}
+
 	// Create container
 	resp, err := c.docker.ContainerCreate(ctx,
-		&container.Config{
-			Image:        opts.Image,
-			Env:          envSlice,
-			Labels:       opts.Labels,
-			ExposedPorts: exposedPorts,
-		},
+		containerConfig,
 		&container.HostConfig{
 			Mounts:       mounts,
 			PortBindings: portBindings,
--- a/internal/docker/validation_test.go
+++ b/internal/docker/validation_test.go
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"log/slog"
 	"testing"
+	"time"
 )

 func TestValidBranchRegex(t *testing.T) {
@@ -146,3 +147,52 @@ func TestCloneRepoRejectsInjection(t *testing.T) { //nolint:funlen // table-driv
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func TestBuildHealthcheck(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	t.Run("creates CMD-SHELL health check", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+
+		cmd := "curl -f http://localhost:8080/healthz || exit 1"
+		hc := buildHealthcheck(cmd)
+
+		if len(hc.Test) != 2 {
+			t.Fatalf("expected 2 test elements, got %d", len(hc.Test))
+		}
+
+		if hc.Test[0] != "CMD-SHELL" {
+			t.Errorf("expected Test[0]=%q, got %q", "CMD-SHELL", hc.Test[0])
+		}
+
+		if hc.Test[1] != cmd {
+			t.Errorf("expected Test[1]=%q, got %q", cmd, hc.Test[1])
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("sets expected intervals", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+
+		hc := buildHealthcheck("true")
+
+		expectedInterval := 30 * time.Second
+		if hc.Interval != expectedInterval {
+			t.Errorf("expected Interval=%v, got %v", expectedInterval, hc.Interval)
+		}
+
+		expectedTimeout := 10 * time.Second
+		if hc.Timeout != expectedTimeout {
+			t.Errorf("expected Timeout=%v, got %v", expectedTimeout, hc.Timeout)
+		}
+
+		expectedStartPeriod := 15 * time.Second
+		if hc.StartPeriod != expectedStartPeriod {
+			t.Errorf("expected StartPeriod=%v, got %v", expectedStartPeriod, hc.StartPeriod)
+		}
+
+		expectedRetries := 3
+		if hc.Retries != expectedRetries {
+			t.Errorf("expected Retries=%d, got %d", expectedRetries, hc.Retries)
+		}
+	})
+}
--- a/internal/handlers/app.go
+++ b/internal/handlers/app.go
@@ -57,15 +57,17 @@ func (h *Handlers) HandleAppCreate() http.HandlerFunc { //nolint:funlen // valid
 		dockerNetwork := request.FormValue("docker_network")
 		ntfyTopic := request.FormValue("ntfy_topic")
 		slackWebhook := request.FormValue("slack_webhook")
+		healthcheckCommand := request.FormValue("healthcheck_command")

 		data := h.addGlobals(map[string]any{
-			"Name":           name,
-			"RepoURL":        repoURL,
-			"Branch":         branch,
-			"DockerfilePath": dockerfilePath,
-			"DockerNetwork":  dockerNetwork,
-			"NtfyTopic":      ntfyTopic,
-			"SlackWebhook":   slackWebhook,
+			"Name":               name,
+			"RepoURL":            repoURL,
+			"Branch":             branch,
+			"DockerfilePath":     dockerfilePath,
+			"DockerNetwork":      dockerNetwork,
+			"NtfyTopic":          ntfyTopic,
+			"SlackWebhook":       slackWebhook,
+			"HealthcheckCommand": healthcheckCommand,
 		}, request)

 		if name == "" || repoURL == "" {
@@ -102,13 +104,14 @@ func (h *Handlers) HandleAppCreate() http.HandlerFunc { //nolint:funlen // valid
 		createdApp, createErr := h.appService.CreateApp(
 			request.Context(),
 			app.CreateAppInput{
-				Name:           name,
-				RepoURL:        repoURL,
-				Branch:         branch,
-				DockerfilePath: dockerfilePath,
-				DockerNetwork:  dockerNetwork,
-				NtfyTopic:      ntfyTopic,
-				SlackWebhook:   slackWebhook,
+				Name:               name,
+				RepoURL:            repoURL,
+				Branch:             branch,
+				DockerfilePath:     dockerfilePath,
+				DockerNetwork:      dockerNetwork,
+				NtfyTopic:          ntfyTopic,
+				SlackWebhook:       slackWebhook,
+				HealthcheckCommand: healthcheckCommand,
 			},
 		)
 		if createErr != nil {
@@ -208,6 +211,11 @@ func (h *Handlers) HandleAppEdit() http.HandlerFunc {
 	}
 }

+// optionalNullString returns a valid NullString if the value is non-empty, or an empty NullString.
+func optionalNullString(value string) sql.NullString {
+	return sql.NullString{String: value, Valid: value != ""}
+}
+
 // HandleAppUpdate handles app updates.
 func (h *Handlers) HandleAppUpdate() http.HandlerFunc { //nolint:funlen // validation adds necessary length
 	tmpl := templates.GetParsed()
@@ -257,24 +265,10 @@ func (h *Handlers) HandleAppUpdate() http.HandlerFunc { //nolint:funlen // valid
 		application.RepoURL = request.FormValue("repo_url")
 		application.Branch = request.FormValue("branch")
 		application.DockerfilePath = request.FormValue("dockerfile_path")
-
-		if network := request.FormValue("docker_network"); network != "" {
-			application.DockerNetwork = sql.NullString{String: network, Valid: true}
-		} else {
-			application.DockerNetwork = sql.NullString{}
-		}
-
-		if ntfy := request.FormValue("ntfy_topic"); ntfy != "" {
-			application.NtfyTopic = sql.NullString{String: ntfy, Valid: true}
-		} else {
-			application.NtfyTopic = sql.NullString{}
-		}
-
-		if slack := request.FormValue("slack_webhook"); slack != "" {
-			application.SlackWebhook = sql.NullString{String: slack, Valid: true}
-		} else {
-			application.SlackWebhook = sql.NullString{}
-		}
+		application.DockerNetwork = optionalNullString(request.FormValue("docker_network"))
+		application.NtfyTopic = optionalNullString(request.FormValue("ntfy_topic"))
+		application.SlackWebhook = optionalNullString(request.FormValue("slack_webhook"))
+		application.HealthcheckCommand = optionalNullString(request.FormValue("healthcheck_command"))

 		saveErr := application.Save(request.Context())
 		if saveErr != nil {
@@ -903,50 +897,92 @@ func (h *Handlers) addKeyValueToApp(
 	http.Redirect(writer, request, "/apps/"+application.ID, http.StatusSeeOther)
 }

-// HandleEnvVarAdd handles adding an environment variable.
-func (h *Handlers) HandleEnvVarAdd() http.HandlerFunc {
-	return func(writer http.ResponseWriter, request *http.Request) {
-		h.addKeyValueToApp(
-			writer,
-			request,
-			func(ctx context.Context, application *models.App, key, value string) error {
-				envVar := models.NewEnvVar(h.db)
-				envVar.AppID = application.ID
-				envVar.Key = key
-				envVar.Value = value
-
-				return envVar.Save(ctx)
-			},
-		)
-	}
+// envPairJSON represents a key-value pair in the JSON request body.
+type envPairJSON struct {
+	Key   string `json:"key"`
+	Value string `json:"value"`
 }

-// HandleEnvVarDelete handles deleting an environment variable.
-func (h *Handlers) HandleEnvVarDelete() http.HandlerFunc {
+// envVarMaxBodyBytes is the maximum allowed request body size for env var saves (1 MB).
+const envVarMaxBodyBytes = 1 << 20
+
+// validateEnvPairs validates env var pairs.
+// It rejects empty keys and duplicate keys (returns a non-empty error string).
+func validateEnvPairs(pairs []envPairJSON) ([]models.EnvVarPair, string) {
+	seen := make(map[string]bool, len(pairs))
+
+	result := make([]models.EnvVarPair, 0, len(pairs))
+
+	for _, p := range pairs {
+		trimmedKey := strings.TrimSpace(p.Key)
+		if trimmedKey == "" {
+			return nil, "empty environment variable key is not allowed"
+		}
+
+		if seen[trimmedKey] {
+			return nil, "duplicate environment variable key: " + trimmedKey
+		}
+
+		seen[trimmedKey] = true
+
+		result = append(result, models.EnvVarPair{Key: trimmedKey, Value: p.Value})
+	}
+
+	return result, ""
+}
+
+// HandleEnvVarSave handles bulk saving of all environment variables.
+// It reads a JSON array of {key, value} objects from the request body,
+// deletes all existing env vars for the app, and inserts the full
+// submitted set atomically within a database transaction.
+// Duplicate keys are rejected with a 400 Bad Request error.
+func (h *Handlers) HandleEnvVarSave() http.HandlerFunc {
 	return func(writer http.ResponseWriter, request *http.Request) {
 		appID := chi.URLParam(request, "id")
-		envVarIDStr := chi.URLParam(request, "varID")

-		envVarID, parseErr := strconv.ParseInt(envVarIDStr, 10, 64)
-		if parseErr != nil {
+		application, findErr := models.FindApp(request.Context(), h.db, appID)
+		if findErr != nil || application == nil {
 			http.NotFound(writer, request)

 			return
 		}

-		envVar, findErr := models.FindEnvVar(request.Context(), h.db, envVarID)
-		if findErr != nil || envVar == nil || envVar.AppID != appID {
-			http.NotFound(writer, request)
+		// Limit request body size to prevent abuse
+		request.Body = http.MaxBytesReader(writer, request.Body, envVarMaxBodyBytes)
+
+		var pairs []envPairJSON
+
+		decodeErr := json.NewDecoder(request.Body).Decode(&pairs)
+		if decodeErr != nil {
+			h.respondJSON(writer, request, map[string]string{
+				"error": "invalid request body",
+			}, http.StatusBadRequest)

 			return
 		}

-		deleteErr := envVar.Delete(request.Context())
-		if deleteErr != nil {
-			h.log.Error("failed to delete env var", "error", deleteErr)
+		modelPairs, validationErr := validateEnvPairs(pairs)
+		if validationErr != "" {
+			h.respondJSON(writer, request, map[string]string{
+				"error": validationErr,
+			}, http.StatusBadRequest)
+
+			return
 		}

-		http.Redirect(writer, request, "/apps/"+appID, http.StatusSeeOther)
+		replaceErr := models.ReplaceEnvVarsByAppID(
+			request.Context(), h.db, application.ID, modelPairs,
+		)
+		if replaceErr != nil {
+			h.log.Error("failed to replace env vars", "error", replaceErr)
+			h.respondJSON(writer, request, map[string]string{
+				"error": "failed to save environment variables",
+			}, http.StatusInternalServerError)
+
+			return
+		}
+
+		h.respondJSON(writer, request, map[string]bool{"ok": true}, http.StatusOK)
 	}
 }

@@ -1205,59 +1241,6 @@ func ValidateVolumePath(p string) error {
 	return nil
 }

-// HandleEnvVarEdit handles editing an existing environment variable.
-func (h *Handlers) HandleEnvVarEdit() http.HandlerFunc {
-	return func(writer http.ResponseWriter, request *http.Request) {
-		appID := chi.URLParam(request, "id")
-		envVarIDStr := chi.URLParam(request, "varID")
-
-		envVarID, parseErr := strconv.ParseInt(envVarIDStr, 10, 64)
-		if parseErr != nil {
-			http.NotFound(writer, request)
-
-			return
-		}
-
-		envVar, findErr := models.FindEnvVar(request.Context(), h.db, envVarID)
-		if findErr != nil || envVar == nil || envVar.AppID != appID {
-			http.NotFound(writer, request)
-
-			return
-		}
-
-		formErr := request.ParseForm()
-		if formErr != nil {
-			http.Error(writer, "Bad Request", http.StatusBadRequest)
-
-			return
-		}
-
-		key := request.FormValue("key")
-		value := request.FormValue("value")
-
-		if key == "" || value == "" {
-			http.Redirect(writer, request, "/apps/"+appID, http.StatusSeeOther)
-
-			return
-		}
-
-		envVar.Key = key
-		envVar.Value = value
-
-		saveErr := envVar.Save(request.Context())
-		if saveErr != nil {
-			h.log.Error("failed to update env var", "error", saveErr)
-		}
-
-		http.Redirect(
-			writer,
-			request,
-			"/apps/"+appID+"?success=env-updated",
-			http.StatusSeeOther,
-		)
-	}
-}
-
 // HandleLabelEdit handles editing an existing label.
 func (h *Handlers) HandleLabelEdit() http.HandlerFunc {
 	return func(writer http.ResponseWriter, request *http.Request) {
--- a/internal/handlers/handlers_test.go
+++ b/internal/handlers/handlers_test.go
@@ -560,45 +560,242 @@ func testOwnershipVerification(t *testing.T, cfg ownedResourceTestConfig) {
 	cfg.verifyFn(t, testCtx, resourceID)
 }

-// TestDeleteEnvVarOwnershipVerification tests that deleting an env var
-// via another app's URL path returns 404 (IDOR prevention).
-func TestDeleteEnvVarOwnershipVerification(t *testing.T) { //nolint:dupl // intentionally similar IDOR test pattern
+// TestHandleEnvVarSaveBulk tests that HandleEnvVarSave replaces all env vars
+// for an app with the submitted set (monolithic delete-all + insert-all).
+func TestHandleEnvVarSaveBulk(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()

-	testOwnershipVerification(t, ownedResourceTestConfig{
-		appPrefix1: "envvar-owner-app",
-		appPrefix2: "envvar-other-app",
-		createFn: func(t *testing.T, tc *testContext, ownerApp *models.App) int64 {
-			t.Helper()
+	testCtx := setupTestHandlers(t)
+	createdApp := createTestApp(t, testCtx, "envvar-bulk-app")

-			envVar := models.NewEnvVar(tc.database)
-			envVar.AppID = ownerApp.ID
-			envVar.Key = "SECRET"
-			envVar.Value = "hunter2"
-			require.NoError(t, envVar.Save(context.Background()))
+	// Create some pre-existing env vars
+	for _, kv := range [][2]string{{"OLD_KEY", "old_value"}, {"REMOVE_ME", "gone"}} {
+		ev := models.NewEnvVar(testCtx.database)
+		ev.AppID = createdApp.ID
+		ev.Key = kv[0]
+		ev.Value = kv[1]
+		require.NoError(t, ev.Save(context.Background()))
+	}

-			return envVar.ID
-		},
-		deletePath: func(appID string, resourceID int64) string {
-			return "/apps/" + appID + "/env/" + strconv.FormatInt(resourceID, 10) + "/delete"
-		},
-		chiParams: func(appID string, resourceID int64) map[string]string {
-			return map[string]string{"id": appID, "varID": strconv.FormatInt(resourceID, 10)}
-		},
-		handler: func(h *handlers.Handlers) http.HandlerFunc { return h.HandleEnvVarDelete() },
-		verifyFn: func(t *testing.T, tc *testContext, resourceID int64) {
-			t.Helper()
+	// Submit a new set as a JSON array of key/value objects
+	body := `[{"key":"NEW_KEY","value":"new_value"},{"key":"ANOTHER","value":"42"}]`

-			found, findErr := models.FindEnvVar(context.Background(), tc.database, resourceID)
-			require.NoError(t, findErr)
-			assert.NotNil(t, found, "env var should still exist after IDOR attempt")
-		},
-	})
+	r := chi.NewRouter()
+	r.Post("/apps/{id}/env", testCtx.handlers.HandleEnvVarSave())
+
+	request := httptest.NewRequest(
+		http.MethodPost,
+		"/apps/"+createdApp.ID+"/env",
+		strings.NewReader(body),
+	)
+	request.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+
+	recorder := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	r.ServeHTTP(recorder, request)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, recorder.Code)
+
+	// Verify old env vars are gone and new ones exist
+	envVars, err := models.FindEnvVarsByAppID(
+		context.Background(), testCtx.database, createdApp.ID,
+	)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Len(t, envVars, 2)
+
+	keys := make(map[string]string)
+	for _, ev := range envVars {
+		keys[ev.Key] = ev.Value
+	}
+
+	assert.Equal(t, "new_value", keys["NEW_KEY"])
+	assert.Equal(t, "42", keys["ANOTHER"])
+	assert.Empty(t, keys["OLD_KEY"], "old env vars should be deleted")
+	assert.Empty(t, keys["REMOVE_ME"], "old env vars should be deleted")
+}
+
+// TestHandleEnvVarSaveAppNotFound tests that HandleEnvVarSave returns 404
+// for a non-existent app.
+func TestHandleEnvVarSaveAppNotFound(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	testCtx := setupTestHandlers(t)
+
+	body := `[{"key":"KEY","value":"value"}]`
+
+	r := chi.NewRouter()
+	r.Post("/apps/{id}/env", testCtx.handlers.HandleEnvVarSave())
+
+	request := httptest.NewRequest(
+		http.MethodPost,
+		"/apps/nonexistent-id/env",
+		strings.NewReader(body),
+	)
+	request.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+
+	recorder := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	r.ServeHTTP(recorder, request)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusNotFound, recorder.Code)
+}
+
+// TestHandleEnvVarSaveEmptyKeyRejected verifies that submitting a JSON
+// array containing an entry with an empty key returns 400.
+func TestHandleEnvVarSaveEmptyKeyRejected(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	testCtx := setupTestHandlers(t)
+	createdApp := createTestApp(t, testCtx, "envvar-emptykey-app")
+
+	body := `[{"key":"VALID_KEY","value":"ok"},{"key":"","value":"bad"}]`
+
+	r := chi.NewRouter()
+	r.Post("/apps/{id}/env", testCtx.handlers.HandleEnvVarSave())
+
+	request := httptest.NewRequest(
+		http.MethodPost,
+		"/apps/"+createdApp.ID+"/env",
+		strings.NewReader(body),
+	)
+	request.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+
+	recorder := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	r.ServeHTTP(recorder, request)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusBadRequest, recorder.Code)
+}
+
+// TestHandleEnvVarSaveDuplicateKeyRejected verifies that when the client
+// sends duplicate keys, the server rejects them with 400 Bad Request.
+func TestHandleEnvVarSaveDuplicateKeyRejected(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	testCtx := setupTestHandlers(t)
+	createdApp := createTestApp(t, testCtx, "envvar-dedup-app")
+
+	// Send two entries with the same key — should be rejected
+	body := `[{"key":"FOO","value":"first"},{"key":"BAR","value":"bar"},{"key":"FOO","value":"second"}]`
+
+	r := chi.NewRouter()
+	r.Post("/apps/{id}/env", testCtx.handlers.HandleEnvVarSave())
+
+	request := httptest.NewRequest(
+		http.MethodPost,
+		"/apps/"+createdApp.ID+"/env",
+		strings.NewReader(body),
+	)
+	request.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+
+	recorder := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	r.ServeHTTP(recorder, request)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusBadRequest, recorder.Code)
+	assert.Contains(t, recorder.Body.String(), "duplicate environment variable key: FOO")
+}
+
+// TestHandleEnvVarSaveCrossAppIsolation verifies that posting env vars
+// to appA's endpoint does not affect appB's env vars (IDOR prevention).
+func TestHandleEnvVarSaveCrossAppIsolation(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	testCtx := setupTestHandlers(t)
+	appA := createTestApp(t, testCtx, "envvar-iso-appA")
+	appB := createTestApp(t, testCtx, "envvar-iso-appB")
+
+	// Give appB some env vars
+	for _, kv := range [][2]string{{"B_KEY1", "b_val1"}, {"B_KEY2", "b_val2"}} {
+		ev := models.NewEnvVar(testCtx.database)
+		ev.AppID = appB.ID
+		ev.Key = kv[0]
+		ev.Value = kv[1]
+		require.NoError(t, ev.Save(context.Background()))
+	}
+
+	// POST new env vars to appA's endpoint
+	body := `[{"key":"A_KEY","value":"a_val"}]`
+
+	r := chi.NewRouter()
+	r.Post("/apps/{id}/env", testCtx.handlers.HandleEnvVarSave())
+
+	request := httptest.NewRequest(
+		http.MethodPost,
+		"/apps/"+appA.ID+"/env",
+		strings.NewReader(body),
+	)
+	request.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+
+	recorder := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	r.ServeHTTP(recorder, request)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, recorder.Code)
+
+	// Verify appA has exactly what we sent
+	appAVars, err := models.FindEnvVarsByAppID(
+		context.Background(), testCtx.database, appA.ID,
+	)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Len(t, appAVars, 1)
+	assert.Equal(t, "A_KEY", appAVars[0].Key)
+
+	// Verify appB's env vars are completely untouched
+	appBVars, err := models.FindEnvVarsByAppID(
+		context.Background(), testCtx.database, appB.ID,
+	)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Len(t, appBVars, 2, "appB env vars must not be affected")
+
+	bKeys := make(map[string]string)
+	for _, ev := range appBVars {
+		bKeys[ev.Key] = ev.Value
+	}
+
+	assert.Equal(t, "b_val1", bKeys["B_KEY1"])
+	assert.Equal(t, "b_val2", bKeys["B_KEY2"])
+}
+
+// TestHandleEnvVarSaveBodySizeLimit verifies that a request body
+// exceeding the 1 MB limit is rejected.
+func TestHandleEnvVarSaveBodySizeLimit(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	testCtx := setupTestHandlers(t)
+	createdApp := createTestApp(t, testCtx, "envvar-sizelimit-app")
+
+	// Build a JSON body that exceeds 1 MB
+	// Each entry is ~30 bytes; 40000 entries ≈ 1.2 MB
+	var sb strings.Builder
+
+	sb.WriteString("[")
+
+	for i := range 40000 {
+		if i > 0 {
+			sb.WriteString(",")
+		}
+
+		sb.WriteString(`{"key":"K` + strconv.Itoa(i) + `","value":"val"}`)
+	}
+
+	sb.WriteString("]")
+
+	r := chi.NewRouter()
+	r.Post("/apps/{id}/env", testCtx.handlers.HandleEnvVarSave())
+
+	request := httptest.NewRequest(
+		http.MethodPost,
+		"/apps/"+createdApp.ID+"/env",
+		strings.NewReader(sb.String()),
+	)
+	request.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+
+	recorder := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	r.ServeHTTP(recorder, request)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusBadRequest, recorder.Code,
+		"oversized body should be rejected with 400")
 }

 // TestDeleteLabelOwnershipVerification tests that deleting a label
 // via another app's URL path returns 404 (IDOR prevention).
-func TestDeleteLabelOwnershipVerification(t *testing.T) { //nolint:dupl // intentionally similar IDOR test pattern
+func TestDeleteLabelOwnershipVerification(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()

 	testOwnershipVerification(t, ownedResourceTestConfig{
@@ -714,41 +911,43 @@ func TestDeletePortOwnershipVerification(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NotNil(t, found, "port should still exist after IDOR attempt")
 }

-// TestHandleEnvVarDeleteUsesCorrectRouteParam verifies that HandleEnvVarDelete
-// reads the "varID" chi URL parameter (matching the route definition {varID}),
-// not a mismatched name like "envID".
-func TestHandleEnvVarDeleteUsesCorrectRouteParam(t *testing.T) {
+// TestHandleEnvVarSaveEmptyClears verifies that submitting an empty JSON
+// array deletes all existing env vars for the app.
+func TestHandleEnvVarSaveEmptyClears(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()

 	testCtx := setupTestHandlers(t)
+	createdApp := createTestApp(t, testCtx, "envvar-clear-app")

-	createdApp := createTestApp(t, testCtx, "envdelete-param-app")
+	// Create a pre-existing env var
+	ev := models.NewEnvVar(testCtx.database)
+	ev.AppID = createdApp.ID
+	ev.Key = "DELETE_ME"
+	ev.Value = "gone"
+	require.NoError(t, ev.Save(context.Background()))

-	envVar := models.NewEnvVar(testCtx.database)
-	envVar.AppID = createdApp.ID
-	envVar.Key = "DELETE_ME"
-	envVar.Value = "gone"
-	require.NoError(t, envVar.Save(context.Background()))
-
-	// Use chi router with the real route pattern to test param name
+	// Submit empty JSON array
 	r := chi.NewRouter()
-	r.Post("/apps/{id}/env-vars/{varID}/delete", testCtx.handlers.HandleEnvVarDelete())
+	r.Post("/apps/{id}/env", testCtx.handlers.HandleEnvVarSave())

 	request := httptest.NewRequest(
 		http.MethodPost,
-		"/apps/"+createdApp.ID+"/env-vars/"+strconv.FormatInt(envVar.ID, 10)+"/delete",
-		nil,
+		"/apps/"+createdApp.ID+"/env",
+		strings.NewReader("[]"),
 	)
-	recorder := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	request.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")

+	recorder := httptest.NewRecorder()
 	r.ServeHTTP(recorder, request)

-	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusSeeOther, recorder.Code)
+	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, recorder.Code)

-	// Verify the env var was actually deleted
-	found, findErr := models.FindEnvVar(context.Background(), testCtx.database, envVar.ID)
-	require.NoError(t, findErr)
-	assert.Nil(t, found, "env var should be deleted when using correct route param")
+	// Verify all env vars are gone
+	envVars, err := models.FindEnvVarsByAppID(
+		context.Background(), testCtx.database, createdApp.ID,
+	)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Empty(t, envVars, "all env vars should be deleted")
 }

 // TestHandleVolumeAddValidatesPaths verifies that HandleVolumeAdd validates
--- a/internal/models/app.go
+++ b/internal/models/app.go
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ import (
 const appColumns = `id, name, repo_url, branch, dockerfile_path, webhook_secret,
 			ssh_private_key, ssh_public_key, image_id, status,
 			docker_network, ntfy_topic, slack_webhook, webhook_secret_hash,
-			previous_image_id, created_at, updated_at`
+			previous_image_id, healthcheck_command, created_at, updated_at`

 // AppStatus represents the status of an app.
 type AppStatus string
@@ -32,23 +32,24 @@ const (
 type App struct {
 	db *database.Database

-	ID                string
-	Name              string
-	RepoURL           string
-	Branch            string
-	DockerfilePath    string
-	WebhookSecret     string
-	WebhookSecretHash string
-	SSHPrivateKey     string
-	SSHPublicKey      string
-	ImageID           sql.NullString
-	PreviousImageID   sql.NullString
-	Status            AppStatus
-	DockerNetwork     sql.NullString
-	NtfyTopic         sql.NullString
-	SlackWebhook      sql.NullString
-	CreatedAt         time.Time
-	UpdatedAt         time.Time
+	ID                 string
+	Name               string
+	RepoURL            string
+	Branch             string
+	DockerfilePath     string
+	WebhookSecret      string
+	WebhookSecretHash  string
+	SSHPrivateKey      string
+	SSHPublicKey       string
+	ImageID            sql.NullString
+	PreviousImageID    sql.NullString
+	Status             AppStatus
+	DockerNetwork      sql.NullString
+	NtfyTopic          sql.NullString
+	SlackWebhook       sql.NullString
+	HealthcheckCommand sql.NullString
+	CreatedAt          time.Time
+	UpdatedAt          time.Time
 }

 // NewApp creates a new App with a database reference.
@@ -142,14 +143,14 @@ func (a *App) insert(ctx context.Context) error {
 			id, name, repo_url, branch, dockerfile_path, webhook_secret,
 			ssh_private_key, ssh_public_key, image_id, status,
 			docker_network, ntfy_topic, slack_webhook, webhook_secret_hash,
-			previous_image_id
-		) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`
+			previous_image_id, healthcheck_command
+		) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`

 	_, err := a.db.Exec(ctx, query,
 		a.ID, a.Name, a.RepoURL, a.Branch, a.DockerfilePath, a.WebhookSecret,
 		a.SSHPrivateKey, a.SSHPublicKey, a.ImageID, a.Status,
 		a.DockerNetwork, a.NtfyTopic, a.SlackWebhook, a.WebhookSecretHash,
-		a.PreviousImageID,
+		a.PreviousImageID, a.HealthcheckCommand,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -164,7 +165,7 @@ func (a *App) update(ctx context.Context) error {
 			name = ?, repo_url = ?, branch = ?, dockerfile_path = ?,
 			image_id = ?, status = ?,
 			docker_network = ?, ntfy_topic = ?, slack_webhook = ?,
-			previous_image_id = ?,
+			previous_image_id = ?, healthcheck_command = ?,
 			updated_at = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
 		WHERE id = ?`

@@ -172,7 +173,7 @@ func (a *App) update(ctx context.Context) error {
 		a.Name, a.RepoURL, a.Branch, a.DockerfilePath,
 		a.ImageID, a.Status,
 		a.DockerNetwork, a.NtfyTopic, a.SlackWebhook,
-		a.PreviousImageID,
+		a.PreviousImageID, a.HealthcheckCommand,
 		a.ID,
 	)

@@ -187,7 +188,7 @@ func (a *App) scan(row *sql.Row) error {
 		&a.ImageID, &a.Status,
 		&a.DockerNetwork, &a.NtfyTopic, &a.SlackWebhook,
 		&a.WebhookSecretHash,
-		&a.PreviousImageID,
+		&a.PreviousImageID, &a.HealthcheckCommand,
 		&a.CreatedAt, &a.UpdatedAt,
 	)
 }
@@ -205,7 +206,7 @@ func scanApps(appDB *database.Database, rows *sql.Rows) ([]*App, error) {
 			&app.ImageID, &app.Status,
 			&app.DockerNetwork, &app.NtfyTopic, &app.SlackWebhook,
 			&app.WebhookSecretHash,
-			&app.PreviousImageID,
+			&app.PreviousImageID, &app.HealthcheckCommand,
 			&app.CreatedAt, &app.UpdatedAt,
 		)
 		if scanErr != nil {
--- a/internal/models/env_var.go
+++ b/internal/models/env_var.go
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-//nolint:dupl // Active Record pattern - similar structure to label.go is intentional
 package models

 import (
@@ -129,13 +128,48 @@ func FindEnvVarsByAppID(
 	return envVars, rows.Err()
 }

-// DeleteEnvVarsByAppID deletes all env vars for an app.
-func DeleteEnvVarsByAppID(
+// EnvVarPair is a key-value pair for bulk env var operations.
+type EnvVarPair struct {
+	Key   string
+	Value string
+}
+
+// ReplaceEnvVarsByAppID atomically replaces all env vars for an app
+// within a single database transaction. It deletes all existing env
+// vars and inserts the provided pairs. If any operation fails, the
+// entire transaction is rolled back.
+func ReplaceEnvVarsByAppID(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	db *database.Database,
 	appID string,
+	pairs []EnvVarPair,
 ) error {
-	_, err := db.Exec(ctx, "DELETE FROM app_env_vars WHERE app_id = ?", appID)
+	tx, err := db.BeginTx(ctx, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("beginning transaction: %w", err)
+	}

-	return err
+	defer func() { _ = tx.Rollback() }()
+
+	_, err = tx.ExecContext(ctx, "DELETE FROM app_env_vars WHERE app_id = ?", appID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("deleting env vars: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	for _, p := range pairs {
+		_, err = tx.ExecContext(ctx,
+			"INSERT INTO app_env_vars (app_id, key, value) VALUES (?, ?, ?)",
+			appID, p.Key, p.Value,
+		)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("inserting env var %q: %w", p.Key, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	err = tx.Commit()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("committing transaction: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
 }
--- a/internal/models/label.go
+++ b/internal/models/label.go
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-//nolint:dupl // Active Record pattern - similar structure to env_var.go is intentional
 package models

 import (
--- a/internal/models/models_test.go
+++ b/internal/models/models_test.go
@@ -704,6 +704,72 @@ func TestAppGetWebhookEvents(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Len(t, events, 1)
 }

+// App HealthcheckCommand Tests.
+
+func TestAppHealthcheckCommand(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	t.Run("saves and loads healthcheck command", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+
+		testDB, cleanup := setupTestDB(t)
+		defer cleanup()
+
+		app := createTestApp(t, testDB)
+		app.HealthcheckCommand = sql.NullString{
+			String: "curl -f http://localhost:8080/healthz || exit 1",
+			Valid:  true,
+		}
+
+		err := app.Save(context.Background())
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		found, err := models.FindApp(context.Background(), testDB, app.ID)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.NotNil(t, found)
+		assert.True(t, found.HealthcheckCommand.Valid)
+		assert.Equal(t, "curl -f http://localhost:8080/healthz || exit 1", found.HealthcheckCommand.String)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("null when not set", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+
+		testDB, cleanup := setupTestDB(t)
+		defer cleanup()
+
+		app := createTestApp(t, testDB)
+
+		found, err := models.FindApp(context.Background(), testDB, app.ID)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.NotNil(t, found)
+		assert.False(t, found.HealthcheckCommand.Valid)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("can be cleared", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+
+		testDB, cleanup := setupTestDB(t)
+		defer cleanup()
+
+		app := createTestApp(t, testDB)
+		app.HealthcheckCommand = sql.NullString{String: "true", Valid: true}
+
+		err := app.Save(context.Background())
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// Clear it
+		app.HealthcheckCommand = sql.NullString{}
+
+		err = app.Save(context.Background())
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		found, err := models.FindApp(context.Background(), testDB, app.ID)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.NotNil(t, found)
+		assert.False(t, found.HealthcheckCommand.Valid)
+	})
+}
+
 // Cascade Delete Tests.

 //nolint:funlen // Test function with many assertions - acceptable for integration tests
--- a/internal/server/routes.go
+++ b/internal/server/routes.go
@@ -82,10 +82,8 @@ func (s *Server) SetupRoutes() {
 			r.Post("/apps/{id}/stop", s.handlers.HandleAppStop())
 			r.Post("/apps/{id}/start", s.handlers.HandleAppStart())

-			// Environment variables
-			r.Post("/apps/{id}/env-vars", s.handlers.HandleEnvVarAdd())
-			r.Post("/apps/{id}/env-vars/{varID}/edit", s.handlers.HandleEnvVarEdit())
-			r.Post("/apps/{id}/env-vars/{varID}/delete", s.handlers.HandleEnvVarDelete())
+			// Environment variables (monolithic bulk save)
+			r.Post("/apps/{id}/env", s.handlers.HandleEnvVarSave())

 			// Labels
 			r.Post("/apps/{id}/labels", s.handlers.HandleLabelAdd())
--- a/internal/service/app/app.go
+++ b/internal/service/app/app.go
@@ -46,13 +46,14 @@ func New(_ fx.Lifecycle, params ServiceParams) (*Service, error) {

 // CreateAppInput contains the input for creating an app.
 type CreateAppInput struct {
-	Name           string
-	RepoURL        string
-	Branch         string
-	DockerfilePath string
-	DockerNetwork  string
-	NtfyTopic      string
-	SlackWebhook   string
+	Name               string
+	RepoURL            string
+	Branch             string
+	DockerfilePath     string
+	DockerNetwork      string
+	NtfyTopic          string
+	SlackWebhook       string
+	HealthcheckCommand string
 }

 // CreateApp creates a new application with generated SSH keys and webhook secret.
@@ -100,6 +101,10 @@ func (svc *Service) CreateApp(
 		app.SlackWebhook = sql.NullString{String: input.SlackWebhook, Valid: true}
 	}

+	if input.HealthcheckCommand != "" {
+		app.HealthcheckCommand = sql.NullString{String: input.HealthcheckCommand, Valid: true}
+	}
+
 	saveErr := app.Save(ctx)
 	if saveErr != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to save app: %w", saveErr)
@@ -112,13 +117,14 @@ func (svc *Service) CreateApp(

 // UpdateAppInput contains the input for updating an app.
 type UpdateAppInput struct {
-	Name           string
-	RepoURL        string
-	Branch         string
-	DockerfilePath string
-	DockerNetwork  string
-	NtfyTopic      string
-	SlackWebhook   string
+	Name               string
+	RepoURL            string
+	Branch             string
+	DockerfilePath     string
+	DockerNetwork      string
+	NtfyTopic          string
+	SlackWebhook       string
+	HealthcheckCommand string
 }

 // UpdateApp updates an existing application.
@@ -144,6 +150,10 @@ func (svc *Service) UpdateApp(
 		String: input.SlackWebhook,
 		Valid:  input.SlackWebhook != "",
 	}
+	app.HealthcheckCommand = sql.NullString{
+		String: input.HealthcheckCommand,
+		Valid:  input.HealthcheckCommand != "",
+	}

 	saveErr := app.Save(ctx)
 	if saveErr != nil {
--- a/internal/service/deploy/deploy.go
+++ b/internal/service/deploy/deploy.go
@@ -1094,14 +1094,20 @@ func (svc *Service) buildContainerOptions(
 		network = app.DockerNetwork.String
 	}

+	healthcheckCmd := ""
+	if app.HealthcheckCommand.Valid {
+		healthcheckCmd = app.HealthcheckCommand.String
+	}
+
 	return docker.CreateContainerOptions{
-		Name:    "upaas-" + app.Name,
-		Image:   imageID.String(),
-		Env:     envMap,
-		Labels:  buildLabelMap(app, labels),
-		Volumes: buildVolumeMounts(volumes),
-		Ports:   buildPortMappings(ports),
-		Network: network,
+		Name:               "upaas-" + app.Name,
+		Image:              imageID.String(),
+		Env:                envMap,
+		Labels:             buildLabelMap(app, labels),
+		Volumes:            buildVolumeMounts(volumes),
+		Ports:              buildPortMappings(ports),
+		Network:            network,
+		HealthcheckCommand: healthcheckCmd,
 	}, nil
 }

--- a/internal/service/deploy/deploy_container_test.go
+++ b/internal/service/deploy/deploy_container_test.go
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package deploy_test

 import (
 	"context"
+	"database/sql"
 	"log/slog"
 	"os"
 	"testing"
@@ -43,3 +44,64 @@ func TestBuildContainerOptionsUsesImageID(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("expected Name=%q, got %q", "upaas-myapp", opts.Name)
 	}
 }
+
+func TestBuildContainerOptionsHealthcheckSet(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	db := database.NewTestDatabase(t)
+
+	app := models.NewApp(db)
+	app.Name = "hc-app"
+	app.HealthcheckCommand = sql.NullString{
+		String: "curl -f http://localhost:8080/healthz || exit 1",
+		Valid:  true,
+	}
+
+	err := app.Save(context.Background())
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to save app: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	log := slog.New(slog.NewTextHandler(os.Stderr, nil))
+	svc := deploy.NewTestService(log)
+
+	opts, err := svc.BuildContainerOptionsExported(
+		context.Background(), app, "sha256:test",
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("buildContainerOptions returned error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := "curl -f http://localhost:8080/healthz || exit 1"
+	if opts.HealthcheckCommand != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected HealthcheckCommand=%q, got %q", expected, opts.HealthcheckCommand)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBuildContainerOptionsHealthcheckEmpty(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	db := database.NewTestDatabase(t)
+
+	app := models.NewApp(db)
+	app.Name = "no-hc-app"
+
+	err := app.Save(context.Background())
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to save app: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	log := slog.New(slog.NewTextHandler(os.Stderr, nil))
+	svc := deploy.NewTestService(log)
+
+	opts, err := svc.BuildContainerOptionsExported(
+		context.Background(), app, "sha256:test",
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("buildContainerOptions returned error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if opts.HealthcheckCommand != "" {
+		t.Errorf("expected empty HealthcheckCommand, got %q", opts.HealthcheckCommand)
+	}
+}
--- a/static/js/app-detail.js
+++ b/static/js/app-detail.js
@@ -6,6 +6,103 @@
 */

 document.addEventListener("alpine:init", () => {
+    // ============================================
+    // Environment Variable Editor Component
+    // ============================================
+    Alpine.data("envVarEditor", (appId) => ({
+        vars: [],
+        editIdx: -1,
+        editKey: "",
+        editVal: "",
+        appId: appId,
+
+        init() {
+            this.vars = Array.from(this.$el.querySelectorAll(".env-init")).map(
+                (span) => ({
+                    key: span.dataset.key,
+                    value: span.dataset.value,
+                }),
+            );
+        },
+
+        startEdit(i) {
+            this.editIdx = i;
+            this.editKey = this.vars[i].key;
+            this.editVal = this.vars[i].value;
+        },
+
+        saveEdit(i) {
+            this.vars[i] = { key: this.editKey, value: this.editVal };
+            this.editIdx = -1;
+            this.submitAll();
+        },
+
+        removeVar(i) {
+            if (!window.confirm("Delete this environment variable?")) {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            this.vars.splice(i, 1);
+            this.submitAll();
+        },
+
+        addVar(keyEl, valEl) {
+            const k = keyEl.value.trim();
+            const v = valEl.value.trim();
+
+            if (!k) {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            this.vars.push({ key: k, value: v });
+            this.submitAll();
+        },
+
+        submitAll() {
+            const csrfInput = this.$el.querySelector(
+                'input[name="gorilla.csrf.Token"]',
+            );
+            const csrfToken = csrfInput ? csrfInput.value : "";
+
+            fetch("/apps/" + this.appId + "/env", {
+                method: "POST",
+                headers: {
+                    "Content-Type": "application/json",
+                    "X-CSRF-Token": csrfToken,
+                },
+                body: JSON.stringify(
+                    this.vars.map((e) => ({ key: e.key, value: e.value })),
+                ),
+            })
+                .then((res) => {
+                    if (res.ok) {
+                        window.location.reload();
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    res.json()
+                        .then((data) => {
+                            window.alert(
+                                data.error ||
+                                    "Failed to save environment variables.",
+                            );
+                        })
+                        .catch(() => {
+                            window.alert(
+                                "Failed to save environment variables.",
+                            );
+                        });
+                })
+                .catch(() => {
+                    window.alert(
+                        "Network error: could not save environment variables.",
+                    );
+                });
+        },
+    }));
+
+    // ============================================
+    // App Detail Page Component
+    // ============================================
    Alpine.data("appDetail", (config) => ({
        appId: config.appId,
        currentDeploymentId: config.initialDeploymentId,
--- a/templates/app_detail.html
+++ b/templates/app_detail.html
@@ -101,9 +101,10 @@
    </div>

    <!-- Environment Variables -->
-    <div class="card p-6 mb-6">
+    <div class="card p-6 mb-6" x-data="envVarEditor('{{.App.ID}}')">
        <h2 class="section-title mb-4">Environment Variables</h2>
-        {{if .EnvVars}}
+        {{range .EnvVars}}<span class="env-init hidden" data-key="{{.Key}}" data-value="{{.Value}}"></span>{{end}}
+        <template x-if="vars.length > 0">
        <div class="overflow-x-auto mb-4">
            <table class="table">
                <thead class="table-header">
@@ -114,47 +115,43 @@
                    </tr>
                </thead>
                <tbody class="table-body">
-                    {{range .EnvVars}}
-                    <tr x-data="{ editing: false }">
-                        <template x-if="!editing">
-                            <td class="font-mono font-medium">{{.Key}}</td>
+                    <template x-for="(env, idx) in vars" :key="idx">
+                    <tr>
+                        <template x-if="editIdx !== idx">
+                            <td class="font-mono font-medium" x-text="env.key"></td>
                        </template>
-                        <template x-if="!editing">
-                            <td class="font-mono text-gray-500">{{.Value}}</td>
+                        <template x-if="editIdx !== idx">
+                            <td class="font-mono text-gray-500" x-text="env.value"></td>
                        </template>
-                        <template x-if="!editing">
+                        <template x-if="editIdx !== idx">
                            <td class="text-right">
-                                <button @click="editing = true" class="text-primary-600 hover:text-primary-800 text-sm mr-2">Edit</button>
-                                <form method="POST" action="/apps/{{$.App.ID}}/env-vars/{{.ID}}/delete" class="inline" x-data="confirmAction('Delete this environment variable?')" @submit="confirm($event)">
-                                    {{ $.CSRFField }}
-                                    <button type="submit" class="text-error-500 hover:text-error-700 text-sm">Delete</button>
-                                </form>
+                                <button @click="startEdit(idx)" class="text-primary-600 hover:text-primary-800 text-sm mr-2">Edit</button>
+                                <button @click="removeVar(idx)" class="text-error-500 hover:text-error-700 text-sm">Delete</button>
                            </td>
                        </template>
-                        <template x-if="editing">
+                        <template x-if="editIdx === idx">
                            <td colspan="3">
-                                <form method="POST" action="/apps/{{$.App.ID}}/env-vars/{{.ID}}/edit" class="flex gap-2 items-center">
-                                    {{ $.CSRFField }}
-                                    <input type="text" name="key" value="{{.Key}}" required class="input flex-1 font-mono text-sm">
-                                    <input type="text" name="value" value="{{.Value}}" required class="input flex-1 font-mono text-sm">
+                                <form @submit.prevent="saveEdit(idx)" class="flex gap-2 items-center">
+                                    <input type="text" x-model="editKey" required class="input flex-1 font-mono text-sm">
+                                    <input type="text" x-model="editVal" required class="input flex-1 font-mono text-sm">
                                    <button type="submit" class="btn-primary text-sm">Save</button>
-                                    <button type="button" @click="editing = false" class="text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-700 text-sm">Cancel</button>
+                                    <button type="button" @click="editIdx = -1" class="text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-700 text-sm">Cancel</button>
                                </form>
                                <p class="text-xs text-amber-600 mt-1">⚠ Container restart needed after env var changes.</p>
                            </td>
                        </template>
                    </tr>
-                    {{end}}
+                    </template>
                </tbody>
            </table>
        </div>
-        {{end}}
-        <form method="POST" action="/apps/{{.App.ID}}/env" class="flex flex-col sm:flex-row gap-2">
-                {{ .CSRFField }}
-            <input type="text" name="key" placeholder="KEY" required class="input flex-1 font-mono text-sm">
-            <input type="text" name="value" placeholder="value" required class="input flex-1 font-mono text-sm">
+        </template>
+        <form @submit.prevent="addVar($refs.newKey, $refs.newVal)" class="flex flex-col sm:flex-row gap-2">
+            <input x-ref="newKey" type="text" placeholder="KEY" required class="input flex-1 font-mono text-sm">
+            <input x-ref="newVal" type="text" placeholder="value" required class="input flex-1 font-mono text-sm">
            <button type="submit" class="btn-primary">Add</button>
        </form>
+        <div class="hidden">{{ .CSRFField }}</div>
    </div>

    <!-- Labels -->
--- a/templates/app_edit.html
+++ b/templates/app_edit.html
@@ -114,6 +114,19 @@
                >
            </div>

+            <div class="form-group">
+                <label for="healthcheck_command" class="label">Health Check Command</label>
+                <input
+                    type="text"
+                    id="healthcheck_command"
+                    name="healthcheck_command"
+                    value="{{if .App.HealthcheckCommand.Valid}}{{.App.HealthcheckCommand.String}}{{end}}"
+                    class="input font-mono"
+                    placeholder="curl -f http://localhost:8080/healthz || exit 1"
+                >
+                <p class="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-1">Custom shell command to check container health. Leave empty to use the image's default health check.</p>
+            </div>
+
            <div class="flex justify-end gap-3 pt-4">
                <a href="/apps/{{.App.ID}}" class="btn-secondary">Cancel</a>
                <button type="submit" class="btn-primary">Save Changes</button>
--- a/templates/app_new.html
+++ b/templates/app_new.html
@@ -117,6 +117,19 @@
                >
            </div>

+            <div class="form-group">
+                <label for="healthcheck_command" class="label">Health Check Command</label>
+                <input
+                    type="text"
+                    id="healthcheck_command"
+                    name="healthcheck_command"
+                    value="{{.HealthcheckCommand}}"
+                    class="input font-mono"
+                    placeholder="curl -f http://localhost:8080/healthz || exit 1"
+                >
+                <p class="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-1">Custom shell command to check container health. Leave empty to use the image's default health check.</p>
+            </div>
+
            <div class="flex justify-end gap-3 pt-4">
                <a href="/" class="btn-secondary">Cancel</a>
                <button type="submit" class="btn-primary">Create App</button>