Default request limits per minute, hour and day, sized for API use (closes #176) #179

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clawbot merged 1 commits from issue-176-api-request-limits into next 2026-11-04 23:02:40 +01:00
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Implements #176, with the numbers at #169 (comment).

  • SWWAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE now defaults to 500, SWWAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_HOUR to 20000 and SWWAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_DAY to 300000. Byte limits and ban lengths are unchanged. The tests of the defaults follow.
  • "Request rate limits, per client" in SPEC.md, the README's "What it protects against" and docs/settings.md give each default, its reason, and what counting cannot catch.
  • docs/gitea.md: two Actions runners busy all day on one address pass the day limit; five busy at once pass the minute limit.
  • docs/alerts.md: the ban example is a crawler at 10 a second, banned by the minute limit at its 501st request, 50 seconds in.

What a reader might trip over:

  • SPEC.md's "Static lists" and "Byte limits, per client" changed too, since they relied on the old "40 busy people" sizing.
  • The documents give rates, not timings, apart from "within seconds" for the fastest clients. With two fixed buckets per window ("Counting method" in SPEC.md), a client starting fresh can take longer than one window to pass a limit.

Disclosures:

  • Judgement call: the issue says the day limit catches three or four requests a second. Three a second is 259,200 a day, under it, so the documents say four.
  • Unverified: the 40 files a Gitea page loads with an empty cache is the proposal's figure, not measured here.

Model: opus-5-5

Implements https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/smallwebwaf/issues/176, with the numbers at https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/smallwebwaf/issues/169#issuecomment-167815. - `SWWAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE` now defaults to `500`, `SWWAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_HOUR` to `20000` and `SWWAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_DAY` to `300000`. Byte limits and ban lengths are unchanged. The tests of the defaults follow. - "Request rate limits, per client" in `SPEC.md`, the README's "What it protects against" and `docs/settings.md` give each default, its reason, and what counting cannot catch. - `docs/gitea.md`: two Actions runners busy all day on one address pass the day limit; five busy at once pass the minute limit. - `docs/alerts.md`: the ban example is a crawler at 10 a second, banned by the minute limit at its 501st request, 50 seconds in. What a reader might trip over: - `SPEC.md`'s "Static lists" and "Byte limits, per client" changed too, since they relied on the old "40 busy people" sizing. - The documents give rates, not timings, apart from "within seconds" for the fastest clients. With two fixed buckets per window ("Counting method" in `SPEC.md`), a client starting fresh can take longer than one window to pass a limit. Disclosures: - Judgement call: the issue says the day limit catches three or four requests a second. Three a second is 259,200 a day, under it, so the documents say four. - Unverified: the 40 files a Gitea page loads with an empty cache is the proposal's figure, not measured here. Model: opus-5-5
clawbot added the needs-review label 2026-11-04 20:20:27 +01:00
clawbot self-assigned this 2026-11-04 20:20:27 +01:00
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Review failed (needs-rework):

  1. README.md line 24: "Counting cannot catch a slower client" follows "4 a second", so it says a client below 4 a second gets through. The day limit also catches anything over about 3.5 a second: 3.6 a second makes 311,040 a day. Acceptable: "a client slower than about 3.5 requests a second", matching SPEC.md and docs/settings.md ("slower than these limits").
  2. docs/alerts.md lines 38-65: the example ban comes 0.123 seconds into the hour, with count 30001 and requests 30001. The hour bucket starts on the hour, and requests counts every request since the client was first seen. So the earlier bucket was empty, and all 30,001 requests came in those 0.123 seconds. Acceptable: times that fit a crawler's pace, such as a request at 12:50:00 for 10 a second since 12:00, with time and ban_expires moved to match.
  3. SPEC.md line 18, in "Purpose": "It limits each client's requests and bytes per minute, hour and day." With no settings, requests are no longer limited per minute. Acceptable: "It limits each client's requests per hour and day, and its bytes per minute, hour and day."
  4. SPEC.md line 395: "A busier machine that talks to the app all day can still pass the day limit." "Busier" has no stated comparison, and right after "an abuser that slow" it reads as busier than that abuser. Acceptable: name the comparison, such as "A machine busier than that fleet, such as two Actions runners busy all day, passes the day limit."

Judgement call: the PR body, slightly over 250 words, is taken as within the limit.

Model: opus-5-5

Review failed (`needs-rework`): 1. `README.md` line 24: "Counting cannot catch a slower client" follows "4 a second", so it says a client below 4 a second gets through. The day limit also catches anything over about 3.5 a second: 3.6 a second makes 311,040 a day. Acceptable: "a client slower than about 3.5 requests a second", matching `SPEC.md` and `docs/settings.md` ("slower than these limits"). 2. `docs/alerts.md` lines 38-65: the example ban comes 0.123 seconds into the hour, with `count` 30001 and `requests` 30001. The hour bucket starts on the hour, and `requests` counts every request since the client was first seen. So the earlier bucket was empty, and all 30,001 requests came in those 0.123 seconds. Acceptable: times that fit a crawler's pace, such as a request at 12:50:00 for 10 a second since 12:00, with `time` and `ban_expires` moved to match. 3. `SPEC.md` line 18, in "Purpose": "It limits each client's requests and bytes per minute, hour and day." With no settings, requests are no longer limited per minute. Acceptable: "It limits each client's requests per hour and day, and its bytes per minute, hour and day." 4. `SPEC.md` line 395: "A busier machine that talks to the app all day can still pass the day limit." "Busier" has no stated comparison, and right after "an abuser that slow" it reads as busier than that abuser. Acceptable: name the comparison, such as "A machine busier than that fleet, such as two Actions runners busy all day, passes the day limit." Judgement call: the PR body, slightly over 250 words, is taken as within the limit. Model: opus-5-5
clawbot added needs-rework and removed needs-review labels 2026-11-04 20:48:56 +01:00
clawbot force-pushed issue-176-api-request-limits from 1f71568d02 to 35054fe94b 2026-11-04 21:00:47 +01:00 Compare
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Rework of the four review findings:

  1. README.md: now says counting cannot catch "a client slower than about 3.5 requests a second".
  2. docs/alerts.md: the example ban is now at 12:50:00, for a crawler at 10 a second since 12:00. time and ban_expires moved to match.
  3. SPEC.md "Purpose": now "It limits each client's requests per hour and day, and its bytes per minute, hour and day."
  4. SPEC.md: now "A machine that keeps up more than about 3.5 requests a second all day passes the day limit, as two busy Actions runners on one address do." Judgement call: this names the day limit's rate rather than "busier than that fleet". The fleet makes 172,800 a day, so a machine only a little busier stays under 300,000.

Model: opus-5-5

Rework of the four review findings: 1. `README.md`: now says counting cannot catch "a client slower than about 3.5 requests a second". 2. `docs/alerts.md`: the example ban is now at 12:50:00, for a crawler at 10 a second since 12:00. `time` and `ban_expires` moved to match. 3. `SPEC.md` "Purpose": now "It limits each client's requests per hour and day, and its bytes per minute, hour and day." 4. `SPEC.md`: now "A machine that keeps up more than about 3.5 requests a second all day passes the day limit, as two busy Actions runners on one address do." Judgement call: this names the day limit's rate rather than "busier than that fleet". The fleet makes 172,800 a day, so a machine only a little busier stays under 300,000. Model: opus-5-5
clawbot added needs-review and removed needs-rework labels 2026-11-04 21:00:54 +01:00
Owner

there absolutely needs to be a per-minute limit.

there absolutely needs to be a per-minute limit.
Owner

200-300 per minute max seems reasonable, no?

200-300 per minute max seems reasonable, no?
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Recorded (sneak, here): there must be a per-minute limit. On 200-300 a minute: yes, 300 rather than 200. An automation fleet of about 20 agents makes about 120 requests a minute at its busiest. A person browsing Gitea with a warm cache makes well under 100, but a page opened with an empty cache loads about 40 files (scripts, styles, avatars), so 200 leaves little room for a few quick first visits. This PR now builds 300 a minute as the default, beside 30,000 an hour and 300,000 a day; a different number is a one-line change.

Model: opus-5-5

Recorded (sneak, here): there must be a per-minute limit. On 200-300 a minute: yes, 300 rather than 200. An automation fleet of about 20 agents makes about 120 requests a minute at its busiest. A person browsing Gitea with a warm cache makes well under 100, but a page opened with an empty cache loads about 40 files (scripts, styles, avatars), so 200 leaves little room for a few quick first visits. This PR now builds 300 a minute as the default, beside 30,000 an hour and 300,000 a day; a different number is a one-line change. Model: opus-5-5
clawbot added needs-rework and removed needs-review labels 2026-11-04 21:09:20 +01:00
clawbot force-pushed issue-176-api-request-limits from 35054fe94b to 3b9afd5ec4 2026-11-04 21:16:57 +01:00 Compare
clawbot changed title from Default request limits per hour and per day, sized for API use (closes #176) to Default request limits per minute, hour and day, sized for API use (closes #176) 2026-11-04 21:17:00 +01:00
clawbot added needs-review and removed needs-rework labels 2026-11-04 21:17:00 +01:00
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Reworked for sneak's ruling: SWWAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE now defaults to 300. The tests and every document this PR touched follow it, and no sentence says requests go unlimited per minute any more. The docs/alerts.md example is now a minute-limit ban: a crawler at 10 a second, banned at its 301st request.

For sneak: at 300 a minute no client can reach the hour limit of 30,000, since 300 a minute is at most 18,000 an hour. The hour limit stays at 30,000 as ruled, and the documents say it only matters when the minute limit is raised or off.

Model: opus-5-5

Reworked for sneak's ruling: `SWWAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE` now defaults to `300`. The tests and every document this PR touched follow it, and no sentence says requests go unlimited per minute any more. The `docs/alerts.md` example is now a minute-limit ban: a crawler at 10 a second, banned at its 301st request. For sneak: at 300 a minute no client can reach the hour limit of 30,000, since 300 a minute is at most 18,000 an hour. The hour limit stays at 30,000 as ruled, and the documents say it only matters when the minute limit is raised or off. Model: opus-5-5
clawbot added needs-rework and removed needs-review labels 2026-11-04 21:24:17 +01:00
clawbot force-pushed issue-176-api-request-limits from 3b9afd5ec4 to a55b4c789c 2026-11-04 21:31:58 +01:00 Compare
clawbot added needs-review and removed needs-rework labels 2026-11-04 21:32:07 +01:00
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Reworked for sneak's ruling at #169 (comment): SWWAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE now defaults to 500, and the tests and every document this PR touches follow it.
The sentences saying the hour limit only matters with the minute limit raised or off are gone. The minute limit's reasons now follow the proposal. The docs/alerts.md ban now comes at the 501st request, 50 seconds in.
For sneak: 500 a minute is exactly 30,000 an hour, so at the defaults the minute limit bans a client before it can pass the hour limit.

Model: opus-5-5

Reworked for sneak's ruling at https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/smallwebwaf/issues/169#issuecomment-167897: `SWWAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE` now defaults to `500`, and the tests and every document this PR touches follow it. The sentences saying the hour limit only matters with the minute limit raised or off are gone. The minute limit's reasons now follow the proposal. The `docs/alerts.md` ban now comes at the 501st request, 50 seconds in. For sneak: 500 a minute is exactly 30,000 an hour, so at the defaults the minute limit bans a client before it can pass the hour limit. Model: opus-5-5
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Review failed (needs-rework):

  1. README.md line 23, SPEC.md line 385 and docs/settings.md line 106 write "Gitea". Everywhere else, the repository writes it as gitea, in every document and in the name docs/gitea.md. Acceptable: "gitea" in all three sentences.

Model: opus-5-5

Review failed (`needs-rework`): 1. `README.md` line 23, `SPEC.md` line 385 and `docs/settings.md` line 106 write "Gitea". Everywhere else, the repository writes it as `gitea`, in every document and in the name `docs/gitea.md`. Acceptable: "gitea" in all three sentences. Model: opus-5-5
clawbot added needs-rework and removed needs-review labels 2026-11-04 22:02:14 +01:00
clawbot force-pushed issue-176-api-request-limits from a55b4c789c to d2c24085bb 2026-11-04 22:04:42 +01:00 Compare
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README.md, SPEC.md and docs/settings.md now write "gitea" in the three sentences that wrote "Gitea".

Model: opus-5-5

`README.md`, `SPEC.md` and `docs/settings.md` now write "gitea" in the three sentences that wrote "Gitea". Model: opus-5-5
clawbot added needs-review and removed needs-rework labels 2026-11-04 22:04:46 +01:00
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Review failed (needs-rework):

  1. SPEC.md line 391 ("A crawler that keeps up 4 a second makes 345,600 a day") and docs/settings.md line 114 ("The default catches a crawler that keeps up 4 a second around the clock") call this client a crawler. Everywhere else the repository calls it a scraper, including the README bullet this change edits ("Scrapers that fetch every page of a site, all day") and the README's "Rationale" ("scrapers that ignore robots.txt and crawl every commit"). A second name suggests a second kind of client. Acceptable: "scraper" in both sentences.

Model: opus-5-5

Review failed (`needs-rework`): 1. `SPEC.md` line 391 ("A crawler that keeps up 4 a second makes 345,600 a day") and `docs/settings.md` line 114 ("The default catches a crawler that keeps up 4 a second around the clock") call this client a crawler. Everywhere else the repository calls it a scraper, including the README bullet this change edits ("Scrapers that fetch every page of a site, all day") and the README's "Rationale" ("scrapers that ignore `robots.txt` and crawl every commit"). A second name suggests a second kind of client. Acceptable: "scraper" in both sentences. Model: opus-5-5
Author
Collaborator

Third failed review. Instructions that end the loop:

The rework changes exactly two words, nothing else:

  • SPEC.md line 391: "A crawler that keeps up 4 a second" becomes "A scraper that keeps up 4 a second".
  • docs/settings.md line 114: "crawler that keeps up 4 a second around the clock" becomes "scraper that keeps up 4 a second around the clock".

Then make fmt (the lines may rewrap), one commit amended with its message unchanged, rebased onto the current next.

It leaves alone every number, every other sentence, the code, the tests, the commit message and the PR body. All three reviews passed the arithmetic and the code; their findings were wording only, and the first two are fixed.

The next review checks only: that the change since d2c2408 is those two words and any rewrapping make fmt did; that the findings of the three reviews stay fixed; and make check on the tree rebased onto the current next. A new finding on a line those reviews already read stands only if the line says something false or contradicts the code. Choices of wording that the repository's documents do not settle are not findings.

Model: opus-5-5

Third failed review. Instructions that end the loop: **The rework changes exactly two words**, nothing else: - `SPEC.md` line 391: "A crawler that keeps up 4 a second" becomes "A scraper that keeps up 4 a second". - `docs/settings.md` line 114: "crawler that keeps up 4 a second around the clock" becomes "scraper that keeps up 4 a second around the clock". Then `make fmt` (the lines may rewrap), one commit amended with its message unchanged, rebased onto the current `next`. **It leaves alone** every number, every other sentence, the code, the tests, the commit message and the PR body. All three reviews passed the arithmetic and the code; their findings were wording only, and the first two are fixed. **The next review checks only**: that the change since `d2c2408` is those two words and any rewrapping `make fmt` did; that the findings of the three reviews stay fixed; and `make check` on the tree rebased onto the current `next`. A new finding on a line those reviews already read stands only if the line says something false or contradicts the code. Choices of wording that the repository's documents do not settle are not findings. Model: opus-5-5
clawbot added needs-rework and removed needs-review labels 2026-11-04 22:32:00 +01:00
Owner

20k per hour is more than reasonable for well-behaved clients, no? why are we being so permissive?

20k per hour is more than reasonable for well-behaved clients, no? why are we being so permissive?
clawbot force-pushed issue-176-api-request-limits from d2c24085bb to 776f988956 2026-11-04 22:35:03 +01:00 Compare
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SPEC.md and docs/settings.md now say "scraper" instead of "crawler" for the client that keeps up 4 requests a second; make fmt rewrapped nothing.

Model: opus-5-5

`SPEC.md` and `docs/settings.md` now say "scraper" instead of "crawler" for the client that keeps up 4 requests a second; `make fmt` rewrapped nothing. Model: opus-5-5
clawbot added needs-review and removed needs-rework labels 2026-11-04 22:35:08 +01:00
Author
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Yes, 20,000 an hour is enough. 30,000 was sized at about four times an automation fleet's busiest hour, which is more headroom than a well-behaved client needs. An automation fleet of about 20 agents makes about 7,200 an hour, so 20,000 still leaves it almost three times that. With 500 a minute, the minute limit catches bursts and the hour limit catches anything that keeps up more than about 5.5 a second. This PR now sets 20,000 an hour; the day limit stays at 300,000.

Model: opus-5-5

Yes, 20,000 an hour is enough. 30,000 was sized at about four times an automation fleet's busiest hour, which is more headroom than a well-behaved client needs. An automation fleet of about 20 agents makes about 7,200 an hour, so 20,000 still leaves it almost three times that. With 500 a minute, the minute limit catches bursts and the hour limit catches anything that keeps up more than about 5.5 a second. This PR now sets 20,000 an hour; the day limit stays at 300,000. Model: opus-5-5
Author
Collaborator

sneak's ruling above sets the hour default to 20,000; the minute limit stays at 500 and the day limit at 300,000. These instructions replace the scope of my last comment for one more rework.

The rework changes exactly this, nothing else:

  • internal/config/config.go line 510: the default "30000" becomes "20000". The tests follow: internal/config/config_test.go lines 266 and 2379, internal/smallwebwaf/smallwebwaf_test.go line 1248.
  • README.md line 20: "30,000 an hour" becomes "20,000 an hour". Lines 25-26: "A client at the minute limit for a whole hour reaches the hour limit exactly." becomes "The hour limit catches a client that keeps up more than about 5.5 a second for an hour."
  • SPEC.md lines 388-390, the "Per hour" bullet, becomes: "Per hour: 20,000, about 5.5 requests a second for a whole hour. A client that keeps up 6 a second makes 21,600 in an hour, and passes it, at 360 a minute, under the minute limit. The fleet's 7,200 an hour is about a third of it." In the paragraph after the bullets, after "passes the minute limit.", add: "One that keeps up more than about 5.5 a second for an hour passes the hour limit."
  • docs/settings.md lines 108-111: "(default 30000, about 8 a second)" becomes "(default 20000, about 5.5 a second)", and "A client at the minute limit for a whole hour reaches it exactly." becomes "It catches a client that keeps up more than about 5.5 a second for an hour."
  • docs/gitea.md line 39: before "Five busy at once", add "Three busy at once make 21,600 an hour and pass the hour limit of 20,000."
  • The commit message: "per hour: 30000, which a client at the minute limit for a whole hour reaches exactly;" becomes "per hour: 20000, passed by a client that keeps up 6 a second;", and "crawler" becomes "scraper". The PR body: 30000 becomes 20000, and the judgement call about 500 a minute being exactly 30,000 an hour goes.

Then make fmt, one commit amended, rebased onto the current next.

It leaves alone every other number, sentence, test and file.

The next review checks only: that the change since 776f9889 is the list above and any rewrapping make fmt did; the arithmetic of each changed sentence; that no sentence anywhere still gives the hour limit as 30,000 or says a client at the minute limit reaches it; the findings of the three reviews staying fixed; and make check on the tree rebased onto the current next. A finding on any other line stands only if the line says something false or contradicts the code.

Model: opus-5-5

sneak's ruling above sets the hour default to 20,000; the minute limit stays at 500 and the day limit at 300,000. These instructions replace the scope of my last comment for one more rework. **The rework changes exactly this**, nothing else: - `internal/config/config.go` line 510: the default `"30000"` becomes `"20000"`. The tests follow: `internal/config/config_test.go` lines 266 and 2379, `internal/smallwebwaf/smallwebwaf_test.go` line 1248. - `README.md` line 20: "30,000 an hour" becomes "20,000 an hour". Lines 25-26: "A client at the minute limit for a whole hour reaches the hour limit exactly." becomes "The hour limit catches a client that keeps up more than about 5.5 a second for an hour." - `SPEC.md` lines 388-390, the "Per hour" bullet, becomes: "Per hour: 20,000, about 5.5 requests a second for a whole hour. A client that keeps up 6 a second makes 21,600 in an hour, and passes it, at 360 a minute, under the minute limit. The fleet's 7,200 an hour is about a third of it." In the paragraph after the bullets, after "passes the minute limit.", add: "One that keeps up more than about 5.5 a second for an hour passes the hour limit." - `docs/settings.md` lines 108-111: "(default `30000`, about 8 a second)" becomes "(default `20000`, about 5.5 a second)", and "A client at the minute limit for a whole hour reaches it exactly." becomes "It catches a client that keeps up more than about 5.5 a second for an hour." - `docs/gitea.md` line 39: before "Five busy at once", add "Three busy at once make 21,600 an hour and pass the hour limit of 20,000." - The commit message: "per hour: 30000, which a client at the minute limit for a whole hour reaches exactly;" becomes "per hour: 20000, passed by a client that keeps up 6 a second;", and "crawler" becomes "scraper". The PR body: `30000` becomes `20000`, and the judgement call about 500 a minute being exactly 30,000 an hour goes. Then `make fmt`, one commit amended, rebased onto the current `next`. **It leaves alone** every other number, sentence, test and file. **The next review checks only**: that the change since `776f9889` is the list above and any rewrapping `make fmt` did; the arithmetic of each changed sentence; that no sentence anywhere still gives the hour limit as 30,000 or says a client at the minute limit reaches it; the findings of the three reviews staying fixed; and `make check` on the tree rebased onto the current `next`. A finding on any other line stands only if the line says something false or contradicts the code. Model: opus-5-5
clawbot added needs-rework and removed needs-review labels 2026-11-04 22:38:18 +01:00
clawbot added 1 commit 2026-11-04 22:42:38 +01:00
The default request limits now suit programmatic use of an API, such
as an automation fleet on another host, and still catch abusive bots:

- per minute: 500, room for a fleet's busiest minute and a few first
  visits with an empty cache, and passed within seconds by a client
  firing as fast as it can;
- per hour: 20000, passed by a client that keeps up 6 a second;
- per day: 300000, passed by a scraper that keeps up 4 a second.

The byte limits and ban lengths are unchanged. SPEC.md, README.md and
docs/settings.md give the reasons; docs/gitea.md redoes the Actions
runner sums.

Judgement call: the docs/alerts.md ban example shows the minute limit.

Model: opus-5-5
clawbot force-pushed issue-176-api-request-limits from 776f988956 to 8bdffbd418 2026-11-04 22:42:38 +01:00 Compare
clawbot added needs-review and removed needs-rework labels 2026-11-04 22:42:44 +01:00
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SWWAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_HOUR now defaults to 20000, and the tests, the four documents, the commit message and the PR body follow the instructions at #179 (comment).

Model: opus-5-5

`SWWAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_HOUR` now defaults to `20000`, and the tests, the four documents, the commit message and the PR body follow the instructions at https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/smallwebwaf/pulls/179#issuecomment-168093. Model: opus-5-5
Author
Collaborator

Review passed.

Judgement call: "keeps up more than about 5.5 a second for an hour" (README.md, SPEC.md, docs/settings.md) is read as a sustained rate, like the day limit's "all day"; with two buckets per window, a client that keeps it up for only one hour from mid-hour is not caught within that hour.

Model: opus-5-5

Review passed. Judgement call: "keeps up more than about 5.5 a second for an hour" (`README.md`, `SPEC.md`, `docs/settings.md`) is read as a sustained rate, like the day limit's "all day"; with two buckets per window, a client that keeps it up for only one hour from mid-hour is not caught within that hour. Model: opus-5-5
clawbot merged commit 718a2c94b2 into next 2026-11-04 23:02:40 +01:00
clawbot deleted branch issue-176-api-request-limits 2026-11-04 23:02:41 +01:00
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