The Core Rule Set, run by Coraza, on each request's method, URL and headers (closes #25)

Coraza v3.8.1 runs the Core Rule Set 4.25.0 (coraza-coreruleset v4.25.0)
after the rule files, with the six changes and the default
SWWAF_WAF_DISABLED_RULES that SPEC.md gives; no body, no response.
SWWAF_WAF_MODE, SWWAF_WAF_PARANOIA_LEVEL, SWWAF_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD and
SWWAF_WAF_EXEMPT_PATHS as specified. In block mode a match is refused with
403, an offence counted toward the error burst; in detect mode it is let
through. Both log waf_rule_ids, waf_score and duration_waf, raise
waf_block, and count smallwebwaf_waf_matches_total.

Judgement call: waf_block is raised in block mode too.
Deviation: no engine-error path; with no body read, Coraza cannot fail.

Model: opus-5-5

internal/proxy/request.go

@@ -65,10 +65,10 @@ type request struct {
 	counted                    bool
 	limitPercent, bytesPercent percentage
 	// attack is true for a request that matched a ban rule or asked for a
-	// trap path, ruleBlocked for one a block rule refused, and
-	// tokenRefused for one refused for a missing or wrong token, each an
-	// offence its client's history counts.
-	attack, ruleBlocked, tokenRefused bool
+	// trap path, ruleBlocked for one a block rule refused, wafBlocked for
+	// one the Core Rule Set refused, and tokenRefused for one refused for a
+	// missing or wrong token, each an offence its client's history counts.
+	attack, ruleBlocked, wafBlocked, tokenRefused bool
 	// blocklisted is true once a blocklist is found to list the client,
 	// dnsblListed once a DNSBL zone's verdict is, and abuseIPDBHit once
 	// AbuseIPDB's score of it is a hit.
@@ -190,11 +190,11 @@ func requestHeaders(r *http.Request, names []string) map[string]string {
 // check is the one place where a request can be refused once its client
 // is known, before its body is read or anything reaches the app. It
 // returns nil to let the request through. The checks of checkClient come
-// first, answered with SWWAF_BAN_RESPONSE, or 403 for a block rule, and
-// then the size limit, so that a request the rate limits count is counted
-// even when it is refused for its size. In observe mode a request
-// checkClient refuses goes on to the size limit like any other. ctx is
-// the request's own context.
+// first, answered with SWWAF_BAN_RESPONSE, or 403 for a block rule or the
+// Core Rule Set, and then the size limit, so that a request the rate
+// limits count is counted even when it is refused for its size. In
+// observe mode a request checkClient refuses goes on to the size limit
+// like any other. ctx is the request's own context.
 func (rq *request) check(ctx context.Context) *refusal {
 	action := rq.checkClient(ctx)
 
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ func (rq *request) check(ctx context.Context) *refusal {
 	case rq.h.config.Observe:
 		// The log line names what enforce mode would have done.
 		rq.line.WouldAction = action
-	case action == requestlog.ActionRuleBlocked:
+	case action == requestlog.ActionRuleBlocked || action == requestlog.ActionWAFBlocked:
 		return &refusal{status: http.StatusForbidden, action: action}
 	default:
 		return rq.banResponse(action)
@@ -233,9 +233,9 @@ func (rq *request) check(ctx context.Context) *refusal {
 // rate limits, unless the client is in SWWAF_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_NETS or the
 // request's path is exempt under SWWAF_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_PATHS, so that
 // every other request is counted, each of them by the client's limit
-// percentages, then SWWAF_TRAP_PATHS, and last the rule files. A request
-// exempt from the rate limits is exempt from the byte limits too. ctx is
-// the request's own context.
+// percentages, then SWWAF_TRAP_PATHS, then the rule files, and last the
+// Core Rule Set. A request exempt from the rate limits is exempt from the
+// byte limits too. ctx is the request's own context.
 func (rq *request) checkClient(ctx context.Context) string {
 	cfg := rq.h.config
 	if isInside(rq.client, cfg.AllowNets) {
@@ -286,15 +286,20 @@ func (rq *request) checkClient(ctx context.Context) string {
 		return requestlog.ActionBanned
 	}
 
-	return rq.checkRules(now)
+	action := rq.checkRules(now)
+	if action != "" {
+		return action
+	}
+
+	return rq.checkCoreRuleSet()
 }
 
-// pathExempt reports whether the rate limits leave out a request for u
-// because of SWWAF_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_PATHS: whether its path as sent, the
-// path the app receives, not percent-decoded, starts with one of
-// prefixes, so that /%61ssets/x is not under /assets/ for an app whose
-// router matches the path as received. A request whose decoded path
-// contains .. anywhere or a backslash, or whose path as sent holds an
+// pathExempt reports whether a request for u is exempt under prefixes,
+// SWWAF_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_PATHS or SWWAF_WAF_EXEMPT_PATHS: whether its
+// path as sent, the path the app receives, not percent-decoded, starts
+// with one of prefixes, so that /%61ssets/x is not under /assets/ for an
+// app whose router matches the path as received. A request whose decoded
+// path contains .. anywhere or a backslash, or whose path as sent holds an
 // encoded slash (%2F or %2f), never is, since an app may act on it as a
 // path outside every prefix: /assets/..%2Flogin as /login, or /assets%2Fx
 // as one path segment, as Go's router does.
@@ -562,6 +567,7 @@ func (rq *request) addToHistory() {
 		BrokeLimit:    rq.line.Offence == requestlog.OffenceLimit,
 		Attack:        rq.attack,
 		RuleBlocked:   rq.ruleBlocked,
+		WAFBlocked:    rq.wafBlocked,
 		TokenRefused:  rq.tokenRefused,
 	}