routewatch/internal/routewatch/ashandler.go

package routewatch

import (
	"sync"
	"time"

	"git.eeqj.de/sneak/routewatch/internal/database"
	"git.eeqj.de/sneak/routewatch/internal/logger"
	"git.eeqj.de/sneak/routewatch/internal/ristypes"
)

const (
	// asHandlerQueueSize is the queue capacity for ASN operations, about 4
	// seconds of feed at peak. The streamer drops rather than blocks when a
	// queue is full, so this bounds memory. Batches still flush on a timer
	// (asnBatchTimeout), so a queue smaller than asnBatchSize is fine.
	asHandlerQueueSize = 20000

	// asnBatchSize is the number of ASN operations to batch together
	asnBatchSize = 30000

	// asnBatchTimeout is the maximum time to wait before flushing a batch
	// DO NOT reduce this timeout - larger batches are more efficient
	asnBatchTimeout = 2 * time.Second
)

// ASHandler processes Autonomous System Number (ASN) information extracted from
// BGP UPDATE messages. It uses batched database operations to efficiently store
// ASN data, collecting operations into batches that are flushed either when the
// batch reaches a size threshold or after a timeout period.
type ASHandler struct {
	db     database.Store
	logger *logger.Logger

	// Batching
	mu        sync.Mutex
	batch     []asnOp
	lastFlush time.Time
	stopCh    chan struct{}
	wg        sync.WaitGroup
}

type asnOp struct {
	number    int
	timestamp time.Time
}

// NewASHandler creates and returns a new ASHandler instance. It initializes
// the batching system and starts a background goroutine that periodically
// flushes accumulated ASN operations to the database. The caller must call
// Stop when finished to ensure all pending operations are flushed and the
// background goroutine is terminated.
func NewASHandler(db database.Store, logger *logger.Logger) *ASHandler {
	h := &ASHandler{
		db:        db,
		logger:    logger,
		batch:     make([]asnOp, 0, asnBatchSize),
		lastFlush: time.Now(),
		stopCh:    make(chan struct{}),
	}

	// Start the flush timer goroutine
	h.wg.Add(1)
	go h.flushLoop()

	return h
}

// WantsMessage reports whether this handler should process messages of the
// given type. ASHandler only processes "UPDATE" messages, as these contain
// the AS path information needed to track autonomous systems.
func (h *ASHandler) WantsMessage(messageType string) bool {
	// We only care about UPDATE messages for the database
	return messageType == "UPDATE"
}

// QueueCapacity returns the recommended message queue size for this handler.
// ASHandler uses a large queue capacity to accommodate high-volume BGP streams,
// as the batching mechanism allows efficient processing of accumulated messages.
func (h *ASHandler) QueueCapacity() int {
	// Batching allows us to use a larger queue
	return asHandlerQueueSize
}

// HandleMessage processes a RIS Live BGP message by extracting all ASNs from
// the AS path and queuing them for batch insertion into the database. The
// origin ASN (last element in the path) and all transit ASNs are recorded
// with their associated timestamps. The batch is automatically flushed when
// it reaches the configured size threshold.
func (h *ASHandler) HandleMessage(msg *ristypes.RISMessage) {
	// Use the pre-parsed timestamp
	timestamp := msg.ParsedTimestamp

	// Get origin ASN from path (last element)
	var originASN int
	if len(msg.Path) > 0 {
		originASN = msg.Path[len(msg.Path)-1]
	}

	h.mu.Lock()
	defer h.mu.Unlock()

	// Queue origin ASN operation
	if originASN > 0 {
		h.batch = append(h.batch, asnOp{
			number:    originASN,
			timestamp: timestamp,
		})
	}

	// Also track all ASNs in the path
	for _, asn := range msg.Path {
		if asn > 0 {
			h.batch = append(h.batch, asnOp{
				number:    asn,
				timestamp: timestamp,
			})
		}
	}

	// Check if we need to flush
	if len(h.batch) >= asnBatchSize {
		h.flushBatchLocked()
	}
}

// flushLoop runs in a goroutine and periodically flushes batches
func (h *ASHandler) flushLoop() {
	defer h.wg.Done()
	ticker := time.NewTicker(asnBatchTimeout)
	defer ticker.Stop()

	for {
		select {
		case <-ticker.C:
			h.mu.Lock()
			if time.Since(h.lastFlush) >= asnBatchTimeout {
				h.flushBatchLocked()
			}
			h.mu.Unlock()
		case <-h.stopCh:
			// Final flush
			h.mu.Lock()
			h.flushBatchLocked()
			h.mu.Unlock()

			return
		}
	}
}

// flushBatchLocked flushes the ASN batch to the database (must be called with mutex held)
func (h *ASHandler) flushBatchLocked() {
	if len(h.batch) == 0 {
		return
	}

	// Process ASNs first (deduped)
	asnMap := make(map[int]time.Time)
	for _, op := range h.batch {
		if existing, ok := asnMap[op.number]; !ok || op.timestamp.After(existing) {
			asnMap[op.number] = op.timestamp
		}
	}

	// Process all ASNs in a single batch transaction
	if err := h.db.GetOrCreateASNBatch(asnMap); err != nil {
		h.logger.Error("Failed to process ASN batch", "error", err, "count", len(asnMap))
	}

	// Clear batch
	h.batch = h.batch[:0]
	h.lastFlush = time.Now()
}

// Stop gracefully shuts down the ASHandler by signaling the background flush
// goroutine to terminate and waiting for it to complete. Any pending ASN
// operations in the current batch are flushed to the database before Stop
// returns. This method should be called during application shutdown to ensure
// no data is lost.
func (h *ASHandler) Stop() {
	close(h.stopCh)
	h.wg.Wait()
}