Keep foreign keys on for every database connection (closes #207)

SQLite keeps the foreign keys setting per connection, and the server
turned it on once with a PRAGMA. A query cancelled while it runs makes
the pool close its only connection and open a new one, which then ran
without foreign keys until a restart.

connect now adds `_pragma=foreign_keys(1)` to the database URL. The
driver runs every `_pragma` parameter on each connection it opens, so
this also holds for a `DBURL` without `_pragma` parameters. The new
test cancels a query on a file database, then checks that the tables
are still there and that foreign keys are on.

Model: opus-5-5

internal/cli/api/client.go

@@ -25,7 +25,10 @@ const (
 	httpErrThreshold = 400
 )
 
-var errHTTP = errors.New("HTTP error")
+var (
+	errHTTP        = errors.New("HTTP error")
+	errJoinRefused = errors.New("the server refused the join")
+)
 
 // Client wraps HTTP calls to the neoirc server API.
 type Client struct {
@@ -206,13 +209,35 @@ func (client *Client) PollMessages(
 	}, nil
 }
 
-// JoinChannel joins a channel.
+// JoinChannel joins a channel. It returns an error unless the
+// server answers that the session joined. When the server
+// refuses the join, it sends the reason to the message queue as
+// an error numeric.
 func (client *Client) JoinChannel(channel string) error {
-	return client.SendMessage(
+	data, err := client.do(
+		http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/messages",
 		&Message{ //nolint:exhaustruct // only command+to needed
 			Command: irc.CmdJoin, To: channel,
 		},
 	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	var resp struct {
+		Status string `json:"status"`
+	}
+
+	err = json.Unmarshal(data, &resp)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("decode join: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if resp.Status != "joined" {
+		return errJoinRefused
+	}
+
+	return nil
 }
 
 // PartChannel leaves a channel.

internal/cli/app.go

@@ -96,20 +96,7 @@ func (a *App) handleInput(text string) {
 		a.ui.AddStatus(
 			"[red]Send error: " + err.Error(),
 		)
-
-		return
 	}
-
-	timestamp := time.Now().Format(timeFormat)
-
-	a.mu.Lock()
-	nick := a.nick
-	a.mu.Unlock()
-
-	a.ui.AddLine(target, fmt.Sprintf(
-		"[gray]%s [green]<%s>[white] %s",
-		timestamp, nick, text,
-	))
 }
 
 func (a *App) handleCommand(text string) {
@@ -301,9 +288,6 @@ func (a *App) cmdJoin(channel string) {
 	a.mu.Unlock()
 
 	a.ui.SwitchToBuffer(channel)
-	a.ui.AddLine(channel,
-		"[yellow]*** Joined "+channel,
-	)
 	a.ui.SetStatus(nick, channel, "connected")
 }
 
@@ -338,10 +322,6 @@ func (a *App) cmdPart(channel string) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	a.ui.AddLine(channel,
-		"[yellow]*** Left "+channel,
-	)
-
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	if a.target == channel {
 		a.target = ""
@@ -368,7 +348,6 @@ func (a *App) cmdMsg(args string) {
 
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	connected := a.connected
-	nick := a.nick
 	a.mu.Unlock()
 
 	if !connected {
@@ -386,16 +365,7 @@ func (a *App) cmdMsg(args string) {
 		a.ui.AddStatus(fmt.Sprintf(
 			"[red]Send failed: %v", err,
 		))
-
-		return
 	}
-
-	timestamp := time.Now().Format(timeFormat)
-
-	a.ui.AddLine(target, fmt.Sprintf(
-		"[gray]%s [green]<%s>[white] %s",
-		timestamp, nick, text,
-	))
 }
 
 func (a *App) cmdQuery(nick string) {
@@ -785,12 +755,10 @@ func (a *App) handlePrivmsgEvent(
 	lines := msg.BodyLines()
 	text := strings.Join(lines, " ")
 
-	if msg.From == myNick {
-		return
-	}
-
+	// A direct message shows in the buffer of the other user:
+	// the recipient of one the user sent, else the sender.
 	target := msg.To
-	if !strings.HasPrefix(target, "#") {
+	if !strings.HasPrefix(target, "#") && msg.From != myNick {
 		target = msg.From
 	}
 
@@ -813,31 +781,35 @@ func (a *App) handleJoinEvent(
 	))
 }
 
-// handlePartEvent shows another user's part. The server
-// also sends the user's own part back to it, which cmdPart
-// has already shown; showing it again would add a second
-// line and mark the channel just left as unread.
+// handlePartEvent shows a part in the channel's buffer. The
+// user's own part does not mark the channel unread: the user
+// has just left it.
 func (a *App) handlePartEvent(
 	msg *api.Message, timestamp, myNick string,
 ) {
-	if msg.To == "" || msg.From == myNick {
+	if msg.To == "" {
 		return
 	}
 
 	lines := msg.BodyLines()
 	reason := strings.Join(lines, " ")
 
+	line := fmt.Sprintf(
+		"[gray]%s [yellow]*** %s has left %s",
+		timestamp, msg.From, msg.To,
+	)
+
 	if reason != "" {
-		a.ui.AddLine(msg.To, fmt.Sprintf(
-			"[gray]%s [yellow]*** %s has left %s (%s)",
-			timestamp, msg.From, msg.To, reason,
-		))
-	} else {
-		a.ui.AddLine(msg.To, fmt.Sprintf(
-			"[gray]%s [yellow]*** %s has left %s",
-			timestamp, msg.From, msg.To,
-		))
+		line += " (" + reason + ")"
 	}
+
+	if msg.From == myNick {
+		a.ui.AddLineAsRead(msg.To, line)
+
+		return
+	}
+
+	a.ui.AddLine(msg.To, line)
 }
 
 func (a *App) handleQuitEvent(

internal/cli/app_internal_test.go

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 package cli
 
 import (
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/gdamore/tcell/v2"
@@ -8,6 +11,15 @@ import (
 	"sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/pkg/irc"
 )
 
+// The user's nick, a channel it is in, another user's nick and
+// a message text, for the tests below.
+const (
+	testNick      = "erin"
+	testChannel   = "#chan"
+	testOtherNick = "bob"
+	testText      = "hello"
+)
+
 func TestMemberPrefix(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
@@ -53,48 +65,257 @@ func TestMemberPrefix(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 // TestPartEvent checks that a PART event adds a line to the
-// channel's buffer and marks it unread, except for the
-// user's own part, which cmdPart has already shown.
+// channel's buffer and marks it unread, except that the
+// user's own part does not mark it unread.
 func TestPartEvent(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	tests := []struct {
 		name       string
 		from       string
-		wantLines  int
 		wantUnread int
 	}{
-		{name: "own part", from: "erin", wantLines: 0, wantUnread: 0},
-		{name: "other member", from: "bob", wantLines: 1, wantUnread: 1},
+		{name: "own part", from: testNick, wantUnread: 0},
+		{name: "other member", from: testOtherNick, wantUnread: 1},
 	}
 
 	for _, test := range tests {
 		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
 
-			app := &App{ui: NewUI(), nick: "erin"}
+			app := &App{ui: NewUI(), nick: testNick}
 			runUI(t, app.ui)
 
 			app.handleServerMessage(&api.Message{
-				Command: irc.CmdPart, From: test.from, To: "#chan",
+				Command: irc.CmdPart, From: test.from, To: testChannel,
 			})
 
-			var lines, unread int
-
-			app.ui.app.QueueUpdate(func() {
-				buf := app.ui.getOrCreateBuffer("#chan")
-				lines = len(buf.Lines)
-				unread = buf.Unread
-			})
-
-			if lines != test.wantLines || unread != test.wantUnread {
-				t.Fatalf("got %d lines and %d unread, want %d and %d",
-					lines, unread, test.wantLines, test.wantUnread)
+			lines, unread := bufferState(app.ui, testChannel)
+			if lines != 1 || unread != test.wantUnread {
+				t.Fatalf("got %d lines and %d unread, want 1 and %d",
+					lines, unread, test.wantUnread)
 			}
 		})
 	}
 }
 
+// TestOwnCommandShownOnce checks that a message, join or
+// part made from neoirc-cli shows as one line in the
+// channel's buffer once the server's event for it arrives,
+// and does not mark the channel unread.
+func TestOwnCommandShownOnce(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name  string
+		send  func(app *App)
+		event api.Message
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "message",
+			send: func(app *App) { app.handleInput(testText) },
+			event: api.Message{
+				Command: irc.CmdPrivmsg, From: testNick, To: testChannel,
+				Body: []string{testText},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "join",
+			send: func(app *App) { app.cmdJoin(testChannel) },
+			event: api.Message{
+				Command: irc.CmdJoin, From: testNick, To: testChannel,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "part",
+			send: func(app *App) { app.cmdPart(testChannel) },
+			event: api.Message{
+				Command: irc.CmdPart, From: testNick, To: testChannel,
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			// The server accepts every command. Only the response
+			// to a JOIN is read, and it says the session joined.
+			server := newServer(t, `{"status": "joined"}`)
+
+			app := &App{
+				ui:        NewUI(),
+				client:    api.NewClient(server.URL),
+				nick:      testNick,
+				target:    testChannel,
+				connected: true,
+			}
+			runUI(t, app.ui)
+			app.ui.SwitchToBuffer(testChannel)
+
+			test.send(app)
+			app.handleServerMessage(&test.event)
+
+			lines, unread := bufferState(app.ui, testChannel)
+			if lines != 1 || unread != 0 {
+				t.Fatalf("got %d lines and %d unread, want 1 and 0",
+					lines, unread)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// TestJoinResponse checks that /join switches to the channel's
+// buffer and makes it the target only when the server answers
+// that the session joined.
+func TestJoinResponse(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		response string
+		// The buffer shown and the target after the join.
+		want string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "joined",
+			response: `{"status": "joined", "channel": "#chan"}`,
+			want:     testChannel,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "refused",
+			response: `{"status": "error"}`,
+			want:     testOtherNick,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			app := &App{
+				ui:        NewUI(),
+				client:    api.NewClient(newServer(t, test.response).URL),
+				nick:      testNick,
+				target:    testOtherNick,
+				connected: true,
+			}
+			runUI(t, app.ui)
+			app.ui.SwitchToBuffer(testOtherNick)
+
+			app.cmdJoin(testChannel)
+
+			var shown string
+
+			app.ui.app.QueueUpdate(func() {
+				shown = app.ui.buffers[app.ui.currentBuffer].Name
+			})
+
+			if shown != test.want || app.target != test.want {
+				t.Fatalf("got buffer %s and target %s, want %s",
+					shown, app.target, test.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// TestOwnEventFromOtherClient checks that a message, notice,
+// join or part that the user's session makes from another
+// client shows as one line in the buffer it belongs to.
+func TestOwnEventFromOtherClient(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name   string
+		event  api.Message
+		buffer string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "channel message",
+			event: api.Message{
+				Command: irc.CmdPrivmsg, From: testNick, To: testChannel,
+				Body: []string{testText},
+			},
+			buffer: testChannel,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "direct message",
+			event: api.Message{
+				Command: irc.CmdPrivmsg, From: testNick, To: testOtherNick,
+				Body: []string{testText},
+			},
+			buffer: testOtherNick,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "notice",
+			event: api.Message{
+				Command: irc.CmdNotice, From: testNick, To: testChannel,
+				Body: []string{testText},
+			},
+			buffer: "(status)",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "join",
+			event: api.Message{
+				Command: irc.CmdJoin, From: testNick, To: testChannel,
+			},
+			buffer: testChannel,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "part",
+			event: api.Message{
+				Command: irc.CmdPart, From: testNick, To: testChannel,
+			},
+			buffer: testChannel,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			app := &App{ui: NewUI(), nick: testNick}
+			runUI(t, app.ui)
+
+			app.handleServerMessage(&test.event)
+
+			lines, _ := bufferState(app.ui, test.buffer)
+			if lines != 1 {
+				t.Fatalf("got %d lines in %s, want 1", lines, test.buffer)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// bufferState returns the number of lines in the named
+// buffer and how many of them are unread.
+func bufferState(ui *UI, name string) (int, int) {
+	var lines, unread int
+
+	ui.app.QueueUpdate(func() {
+		buf := ui.getOrCreateBuffer(name)
+		lines = len(buf.Lines)
+		unread = buf.Unread
+	})
+
+	return lines, unread
+}
+
+// newServer starts a server that answers every request with
+// body until the test ends.
+func newServer(t *testing.T, body string) *httptest.Server {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	server := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(
+		func(writer http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
+			_, _ = io.WriteString(writer, body)
+		},
+	))
+	t.Cleanup(server.Close)
+
+	return server
+}
+
 // runUI runs ui on a simulated screen until the test ends.
 func runUI(t *testing.T, ui *UI) {
 	t.Helper()

internal/cli/ui.go

@@ -95,6 +95,19 @@ func (ui *UI) AddLine(bufferName, line string) {
 	})
 }
 
+// AddLineAsRead adds a line to the specified buffer, as
+// AddLine does, but does not mark the buffer unread.
+func (ui *UI) AddLineAsRead(bufferName, line string) {
+	ui.app.QueueUpdateDraw(func() {
+		buf := ui.getOrCreateBuffer(bufferName)
+		buf.Lines = append(buf.Lines, line)
+
+		if ui.buffers[ui.currentBuffer] == buf {
+			_, _ = fmt.Fprintln(ui.messages, line)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
 // AddStatus adds a line to the status buffer.
 func (ui *UI) AddStatus(line string) {
 	ts := time.Now().Format("15:04")

internal/db/db.go

@@ -90,6 +90,17 @@ func (database *Database) connect(ctx context.Context) error {
 		dbURL = config.DefaultDBURL
 	}
 
+	// SQLite keeps the foreign keys setting per connection. The driver
+	// runs each _pragma parameter on every connection it opens. A
+	// PRAGMA run once would miss the connection the pool opens after a
+	// cancelled query breaks the old one.
+	separator := "?"
+	if strings.Contains(dbURL, "?") {
+		separator = "&"
+	}
+
+	dbURL += separator + "_pragma=foreign_keys(1)"
+
 	database.log.Info(
 		"connecting to database", "url", dbURL,
 	)
@@ -109,13 +120,6 @@ func (database *Database) connect(ctx context.Context) error {
 	database.conn = conn
 	database.log.Info("database connected")
 
-	_, err = database.conn.ExecContext(
-		ctx, "PRAGMA foreign_keys = ON",
-	)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("enable foreign keys: %w", err)
-	}
-
 	return database.runMigrations(ctx)
 }
 

internal/db/db_test.go

@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 package db_test
 
 import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
+	"time"
 
 	"go.uber.org/fx/fxtest"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/internal/config"
@@ -14,6 +17,16 @@ import (
 
 const wantBusyTimeoutMS = 5000
 
+const (
+	// endlessQuery counts the rows of a recursive query that never
+	// stops, so it runs until its context ends.
+	endlessQuery = `WITH RECURSIVE n(x) AS
+		(SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT x + 1 FROM n)
+		SELECT COUNT(*) FROM n`
+
+	endlessQueryTimeout = 100 * time.Millisecond
+)
+
 // TestDefaultDBURLSetsWALAndBusyTimeout opens a file database
 // with the default URL's parameters the way the server does,
 // and checks the journal mode and busy timeout it ends up with.
@@ -73,3 +86,84 @@ func TestDefaultDBURLSetsWALAndBusyTimeout(t *testing.T) {
 		)
 	}
 }
+
+// TestForeignKeysOnAfterCancelledQuery cancels a query while it
+// runs, which makes the pool close its only connection and open a
+// new one. It checks that the file database keeps its tables and
+// that the new connection has foreign keys on.
+func TestForeignKeysOnAfterCancelledQuery(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	_, defaultParams, _ := strings.Cut(config.DefaultDBURL, "?")
+
+	urlParams := map[string]string{
+		"default parameters": "?" + defaultParams,
+		"no parameters":      "",
+	}
+
+	for name, params := range urlParams {
+		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			dbURL := "file://" +
+				filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "state.db") + params
+
+			lifecycle := fxtest.NewLifecycle(t)
+
+			log, err := logger.New(lifecycle, logger.Params{
+				Globals: &globals.Globals{},
+			})
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			database, err := db.New(lifecycle, db.Params{
+				Logger: log,
+				Config: &config.Config{DBURL: dbURL},
+			})
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			lifecycle.RequireStart()
+			t.Cleanup(lifecycle.RequireStop)
+
+			ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(
+				t.Context(), endlessQueryTimeout,
+			)
+			defer cancel()
+
+			_, err = database.GetDB().ExecContext(ctx, endlessQuery)
+			if !errors.Is(err, context.DeadlineExceeded) {
+				t.Fatalf("endless query: err = %v", err)
+			}
+
+			var migrations int
+
+			err = database.GetDB().QueryRowContext(
+				t.Context(),
+				"SELECT COUNT(*) FROM schema_migrations",
+			).Scan(&migrations)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			if migrations == 0 {
+				t.Error("schema_migrations is empty")
+			}
+
+			var foreignKeys int
+
+			err = database.GetDB().QueryRowContext(
+				t.Context(), "PRAGMA foreign_keys",
+			).Scan(&foreignKeys)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			if foreignKeys != 1 {
+				t.Errorf("foreign_keys = %d, want 1", foreignKeys)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

internal/handlers/utility_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-//nolint:paralleltest // global viper, as in api_test.go
 package handlers_test
 
 import (
@@ -72,6 +71,8 @@ func numericBody(
 }
 
 func TestUserhost(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
 	tserver := newTestServer(t)
 
 	token := tserver.createSession("alice")
@@ -109,6 +110,8 @@ func TestUserhost(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestVersionAdminInfoTime(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
 	tserver := newTestServer(t)
 
 	token := tserver.createSession("frank")
@@ -147,6 +150,8 @@ func TestVersionAdminInfoTime(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestKill(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
 	tserver := newTestServerWithOper(t)
 
 	victimToken := tserver.createSession("victim")
@@ -213,6 +218,8 @@ func TestKill(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestWallops(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
 	tserver := newTestServerWithOper(t)
 
 	receiverToken := tserver.createSession("receiver")
@@ -258,6 +265,8 @@ func TestWallops(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestUserMode(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
 	const (
 		nick  = "alice"
 		other = "other"

internal/ircserver/relay.go

@@ -32,8 +32,12 @@ func (c *Conn) relayMessages(ctx context.Context) {
 		// still signals waitCh.
 		waitCh := c.brk.Wait(c.sessionID)
 
-		// Drain any available messages.
-		delivered := c.drainQueue(ctx)
+		// Drain any available messages. The drain ignores the
+		// cancel that comes when the connection ends, because a
+		// query cancelled while it runs leaves the SQLite
+		// connection marked broken, and the pool closes it. The
+		// loop still stops on ctx.
+		delivered := c.drainQueue(context.WithoutCancel(ctx))
 
 		if delivered {
 			c.brk.Remove(c.sessionID, waitCh)

web/src/app.jsx

@@ -7,6 +7,11 @@ const RECONNECT_DELAY = 3000;
 const MEMBER_REFRESH_INTERVAL = 10000;
 const ACTION_PREFIX = "\x01ACTION ";
 const ACTION_SUFFIX = "\x01";
+// SERVER_TAB is the Server tab's name, under which its messages and
+// unread count are stored. No nick or channel name can contain *, so a
+// user with the nick Server gets a direct-message tab of its own. The
+// tab bar labels this tab Server.
+const SERVER_TAB = "*server*";
 
 // Hashcash proof-of-work helpers using Web Crypto API.
 
@@ -270,9 +275,9 @@ function UserList({ members, onNickClick }) {
 function App() {
   const [loggedIn, setLoggedIn] = useState(false);
   const [nick, setNick] = useState("");
-  const [tabs, setTabs] = useState([{ type: "server", name: "Server" }]);
+  const [tabs, setTabs] = useState([{ type: "server", name: SERVER_TAB }]);
   const [activeTab, setActiveTab] = useState(0);
-  const [messages, setMessages] = useState({ Server: [] });
+  const [messages, setMessages] = useState({ [SERVER_TAB]: [] });
   const [members, setMembers] = useState({});
   const [topics, setTopics] = useState({});
   const [unread, setUnread] = useState({});
@@ -355,6 +360,26 @@ function App() {
       .catch(() => {});
   }, []);
 
+  // removeChannelTab closes a channel's tab. The tab the user was
+  // reading stays active, found by its name; when it was the closed tab,
+  // the Server tab shows.
+  const removeChannelTab = useCallback((name) => {
+    setTabs((prev) => {
+      const remaining = prev.filter(
+        (t) => !(t.type === "channel" && t.name === name),
+      );
+      // Preact runs this update at once, on the newest active tab.
+      setActiveTab((active) => {
+        const reading = prev[active]?.name;
+        const idx = remaining.findIndex((t) => t.name === reading);
+
+        return idx >= 0 ? idx : 0;
+      });
+
+      return remaining;
+    });
+  }, []);
+
   const processMessage = useCallback(
     (msg) => {
       const body = Array.isArray(msg.body) ? msg.body.join("\n") : "";
@@ -424,6 +449,13 @@ function App() {
           break;
         }
         case "PART": {
+          // The user's own PART, sent from this client or another,
+          // closes the tab and adds no message or unread count.
+          if (msg.from === nickRef.current) {
+            removeChannelTab(msg.to);
+
+            break;
+          }
           const reason = body ? " (" + body + ")" : "";
           const text = `${msg.from} has parted ${msg.to}${reason}`;
           if (msg.to) addMessage(msg.to, { ...base, text, system: true });
@@ -431,6 +463,29 @@ function App() {
 
           break;
         }
+        case "KICK": {
+          // The kicked nick is in params; the body is the reason.
+          const kicked = Array.isArray(msg.params) ? msg.params[0] : "";
+          const reason = body ? " (" + body + ")" : "";
+          const text = `${kicked} was kicked from ${msg.to} by ${msg.from}${reason}`;
+          if (msg.to) addMessage(msg.to, { ...base, text, system: true });
+          if (kicked === nickRef.current) {
+            // The channel's tab closes, so the Server tab gets the line
+            // too. It needs an id of its own: addMessage drops a message
+            // whose id it has already seen.
+            addMessage(SERVER_TAB, {
+              ...base,
+              id: msg.id + "-server",
+              text,
+              system: true,
+            });
+            removeChannelTab(msg.to);
+          } else if (msg.to && msg.to.startsWith("#")) {
+            refreshMembers(msg.to);
+          }
+
+          break;
+        }
         case "QUIT": {
           const reason = body ? " (" + body + ")" : "";
           const text = `${msg.from} has quit${reason}`;
@@ -518,7 +573,7 @@ function App() {
             const chName = msg.params[0];
             const count = msg.params[1];
             const chTopic = body || "";
-            addMessage("Server", {
+            addMessage(SERVER_TAB, {
               ...base,
               text: `${chName} (${count} users): ${chTopic.trim()}`,
               system: true,
@@ -528,7 +583,7 @@ function App() {
           break;
         }
         case 323:
-          addMessage("Server", {
+          addMessage(SERVER_TAB, {
             ...base,
             text: body || "End of channel list",
             system: true,
@@ -541,7 +596,7 @@ function App() {
             const whoCh = msg.params[0];
             const whoNick = msg.params[4];
             const whoFlags = msg.params.length > 5 ? msg.params[5] : "";
-            addMessage("Server", {
+            addMessage(SERVER_TAB, {
               ...base,
               text: `${whoCh} ${whoNick} ${whoFlags}`,
               system: true,
@@ -551,7 +606,7 @@ function App() {
           break;
         }
         case 315:
-          addMessage("Server", {
+          addMessage(SERVER_TAB, {
             ...base,
             text: body || "End of /WHO list",
             system: true,
@@ -562,7 +617,7 @@ function App() {
           // RPL_WHOISUSER — params nick, user, host, *; body realname.
           if (Array.isArray(msg.params) && msg.params.length >= 3) {
             const [wiNick, wiUser, wiHost] = msg.params;
-            addMessage("Server", {
+            addMessage(SERVER_TAB, {
               ...base,
               text: `${wiNick} is ${wiUser}@${wiHost} (${body})`,
               system: true,
@@ -576,7 +631,7 @@ function App() {
           if (Array.isArray(msg.params) && msg.params.length >= 2) {
             const wiNick = msg.params[0];
             const wiServer = msg.params[1];
-            addMessage("Server", {
+            addMessage(SERVER_TAB, {
               ...base,
               text: `${wiNick} on ${wiServer}`,
               system: true,
@@ -588,7 +643,7 @@ function App() {
         case 313: {
           // RPL_WHOISOPERATOR — nick; body "is an IRC operator".
           if (Array.isArray(msg.params) && msg.params.length >= 1) {
-            addMessage("Server", {
+            addMessage(SERVER_TAB, {
               ...base,
               text: `${msg.params[0]} ${body}`,
               system: true,
@@ -602,7 +657,7 @@ function App() {
           if (Array.isArray(msg.params) && msg.params.length >= 3) {
             const [wiNick, idle, signon] = msg.params;
             const signedOn = new Date(Number(signon) * 1000).toLocaleString();
-            addMessage("Server", {
+            addMessage(SERVER_TAB, {
               ...base,
               text: `${wiNick} has been idle ${idle}s, signed on ${signedOn}`,
               system: true,
@@ -615,7 +670,7 @@ function App() {
           // RPL_WHOISCHANNELS — nick, channels.
           if (Array.isArray(msg.params) && msg.params.length >= 1) {
             const wiNick = msg.params[0];
-            addMessage("Server", {
+            addMessage(SERVER_TAB, {
               ...base,
               text: `${wiNick} is on: ${body}`,
               system: true,
@@ -625,7 +680,7 @@ function App() {
           break;
         }
         case 318:
-          addMessage("Server", {
+          addMessage(SERVER_TAB, {
             ...base,
             text: body || "End of /WHOIS list",
             system: true,
@@ -635,7 +690,7 @@ function App() {
         case 324: {
           // RPL_CHANNELMODEIS — channel, mode string.
           if (Array.isArray(msg.params) && msg.params.length >= 2) {
-            addMessage("Server", {
+            addMessage(SERVER_TAB, {
               ...base,
               text: `${msg.params[0]} modes: ${msg.params[1]}`,
               system: true,
@@ -647,16 +702,16 @@ function App() {
         case 375:
         case 372:
         case 376:
-          addMessage("Server", { ...base, text: body, system: true });
+          addMessage(SERVER_TAB, { ...base, text: body, system: true });
 
           break;
         default:
           if (body) {
-            addMessage("Server", { ...base, text: body, system: true });
+            addMessage(SERVER_TAB, { ...base, text: body, system: true });
           }
       }
     },
-    [addMessage, refreshMembers],
+    [addMessage, refreshMembers, removeChannelTab],
   );
 
   // Long-poll loop.
@@ -778,7 +833,7 @@ function App() {
       );
       setNick(userNick);
       setLoggedIn(true);
-      addSystemMessage("Server", `Connected as ${userNick}`);
+      addSystemMessage(SERVER_TAB, `Connected as ${userNick}`);
 
       if (isResumed) {
         // Request MOTD on resumed sessions (new sessions
@@ -802,10 +857,11 @@ function App() {
       // Fresh session — join any previously saved channels.
       for (const ch of saved) {
         try {
-          await api("/messages", {
+          const res = await api("/messages", {
             method: "POST",
             body: JSON.stringify({ command: "JOIN", to: ch }),
           });
+          if (res?.status !== "joined") continue;
           setTabs((prev) => {
             if (prev.find((t) => t.type === "channel" && t.name === ch))
               return prev;
@@ -825,18 +881,30 @@ function App() {
     name = name.trim();
     if (!name.startsWith("#")) name = "#" + name;
     try {
-      await api("/messages", {
+      const res = await api("/messages", {
         method: "POST",
         body: JSON.stringify({ command: "JOIN", to: name }),
       });
+      // A refused join opens no tab. The error numeric that the
+      // server sends to the message queue tells the user why.
+      if (res?.status !== "joined") return;
+      // Show the channel's tab. Preact runs this update at once on the
+      // newest tab list, so the tab is found there by name: the user's
+      // own JOIN event may already have added it, and other tabs may
+      // have closed.
       setTabs((prev) => {
-        if (prev.find((t) => t.type === "channel" && t.name === name))
+        const idx = prev.findIndex(
+          (t) => t.type === "channel" && t.name === name,
+        );
+        if (idx >= 0) {
+          setActiveTab(idx);
+
           return prev;
+        }
+        setActiveTab(prev.length);
 
         return [...prev, { type: "channel", name }];
       });
-      const newIdx = tabsRef.current.length;
-      setActiveTab(newIdx);
       try {
         const hist = await api(
           `/history?target=${encodeURIComponent(name)}&limit=50`,
@@ -849,7 +917,7 @@ function App() {
       }
     } catch (err) {
       addSystemMessage(
-        "Server",
+        SERVER_TAB,
         `Failed to join ${name}: ${err.data?.error || "error"}`,
       );
     }
@@ -865,10 +933,7 @@ function App() {
     } catch (e) {
       // Ignore.
     }
-    setTabs((prev) =>
-      prev.filter((t) => !(t.type === "channel" && t.name === name)),
-    );
-    setActiveTab(0);
+    removeChannelTab(name);
   };
 
   const closeTab = (idx) => {
@@ -883,16 +948,23 @@ function App() {
 
   const openDM = (targetNick) => {
     if (targetNick === nickRef.current) return;
+    // Show the direct-message tab. Preact runs this update at once on
+    // the newest tab list, so the tab is found there by name: the
+    // server's copy of the user's message may already have added it,
+    // and other tabs may have opened or closed.
     setTabs((prev) => {
-      if (prev.find((t) => t.type === "dm" && t.name === targetNick))
+      const idx = prev.findIndex(
+        (t) => t.type === "dm" && t.name === targetNick,
+      );
+      if (idx >= 0) {
+        setActiveTab(idx);
+
         return prev;
+      }
+      setActiveTab(prev.length);
 
       return [...prev, { type: "dm", name: targetNick }];
     });
-    const idx = tabs.findIndex(
-      (t) => t.type === "dm" && t.name === targetNick,
-    );
-    setActiveTab(idx >= 0 ? idx : tabs.length);
   };
 
   const handleCommand = async (text) => {
@@ -903,7 +975,7 @@ function App() {
     switch (cmd) {
       case "/join": {
         if (parts[1]) joinChannel(parts[1]);
-        else addSystemMessage("Server", "Usage: /join #channel");
+        else addSystemMessage(SERVER_TAB, "Usage: /join #channel");
 
         break;
       }
@@ -912,7 +984,7 @@ function App() {
           const reason = parts.slice(1).join(" ") || undefined;
           partChannel(tab.name, reason);
         } else {
-          addSystemMessage("Server", "You are not in a channel");
+          addSystemMessage(SERVER_TAB, "You are not in a channel");
         }
 
         break;
@@ -933,19 +1005,19 @@ function App() {
             openDM(target);
           } catch (err) {
             addSystemMessage(
-              "Server",
+              SERVER_TAB,
               `Message failed: ${err.data?.error || "error"}`,
             );
           }
         } else {
-          addSystemMessage("Server", "Usage: /msg <nick> <message>");
+          addSystemMessage(SERVER_TAB, "Usage: /msg <nick> <message>");
         }
 
         break;
       }
       case "/me": {
         if (tab.type === "server") {
-          addSystemMessage("Server", "Cannot use /me in server window");
+          addSystemMessage(SERVER_TAB, "Cannot use /me in server window");
 
           break;
         }
@@ -967,7 +1039,7 @@ function App() {
             );
           }
         } else {
-          addSystemMessage("Server", "Usage: /me <action>");
+          addSystemMessage(SERVER_TAB, "Usage: /me <action>");
         }
 
         break;
@@ -981,19 +1053,19 @@ function App() {
             });
           } catch (err) {
             addSystemMessage(
-              "Server",
+              SERVER_TAB,
               `Nick change failed: ${err.data?.error || "error"}`,
             );
           }
         } else {
-          addSystemMessage("Server", "Usage: /nick <newnick>");
+          addSystemMessage(SERVER_TAB, "Usage: /nick <newnick>");
         }
 
         break;
       }
       case "/topic": {
         if (tab.type !== "channel") {
-          addSystemMessage("Server", "You are not in a channel");
+          addSystemMessage(SERVER_TAB, "You are not in a channel");
 
           break;
         }
@@ -1010,13 +1082,13 @@ function App() {
             });
           } catch (err) {
             addSystemMessage(
-              "Server",
+              SERVER_TAB,
               `Topic change failed: ${err.data?.error || "error"}`,
             );
           }
         } else {
           addSystemMessage(
-            "Server",
+            SERVER_TAB,
             `Current topic for ${tab.name}: ${topics[tab.name] || "(none)"}`,
           );
         }
@@ -1025,7 +1097,7 @@ function App() {
       }
       case "/mode": {
         if (tab.type !== "channel") {
-          addSystemMessage("Server", "You are not in a channel");
+          addSystemMessage(SERVER_TAB, "You are not in a channel");
 
           break;
         }
@@ -1043,7 +1115,7 @@ function App() {
           });
         } catch (err) {
           addSystemMessage(
-            "Server",
+            SERVER_TAB,
             `MODE failed: ${err.data?.error || "error"}`,
           );
         }
@@ -1074,7 +1146,7 @@ function App() {
           });
         } catch (err) {
           addSystemMessage(
-            "Server",
+            SERVER_TAB,
             `Failed to request MOTD: ${err.data?.error || "error"}`,
           );
         }
@@ -1098,13 +1170,13 @@ function App() {
               });
             } catch (err) {
               addSystemMessage(
-                "Server",
+                SERVER_TAB,
                 `Message failed: ${err.data?.error || "error"}`,
               );
             }
           }
         } else {
-          addSystemMessage("Server", "Usage: /query <nick> [message]");
+          addSystemMessage(SERVER_TAB, "Usage: /query <nick> [message]");
         }
 
         break;
@@ -1117,7 +1189,7 @@ function App() {
           });
         } catch (err) {
           addSystemMessage(
-            "Server",
+            SERVER_TAB,
             `Failed to list channels: ${err.data?.error || "error"}`,
           );
         }
@@ -1134,12 +1206,12 @@ function App() {
             });
           } catch (err) {
             addSystemMessage(
-              "Server",
+              SERVER_TAB,
               `WHO failed: ${err.data?.error || "error"}`,
             );
           }
         } else {
-          addSystemMessage("Server", "Usage: /who #channel");
+          addSystemMessage(SERVER_TAB, "Usage: /who #channel");
         }
 
         break;
@@ -1153,12 +1225,12 @@ function App() {
             });
           } catch (err) {
             addSystemMessage(
-              "Server",
+              SERVER_TAB,
               `WHOIS failed: ${err.data?.error || "error"}`,
             );
           }
         } else {
-          addSystemMessage("Server", "Usage: /whois <nick>");
+          addSystemMessage(SERVER_TAB, "Usage: /whois <nick>");
         }
 
         break;
@@ -1189,13 +1261,13 @@ function App() {
           "  /help                 — Show this help",
         ];
         for (const line of helpLines) {
-          addSystemMessage("Server", line);
+          addSystemMessage(SERVER_TAB, line);
         }
 
         break;
       }
       default:
-        addSystemMessage("Server", `Unknown command: ${cmd}`);
+        addSystemMessage(SERVER_TAB, `Unknown command: ${cmd}`);
     }
   };
 
@@ -1224,7 +1296,7 @@ function App() {
 
     if (tab.type === "server") {
       addSystemMessage(
-        "Server",
+        SERVER_TAB,
         "Cannot send messages to the server window. Use /join #channel first.",
       );
 
@@ -1295,7 +1367,7 @@ function App() {
               key={tab.name}
             >
               <span class="tab-label">
-                {tab.type === "dm" ? tab.name : tab.name}
+                {tab.type === "server" ? "Server" : tab.name}
               </span>
               {unread[tab.name] > 0 && i !== activeTab && (
                 <span class="unread-count">({unread[tab.name]})</span>