533 lines
23 KiB
Python
Executable File
533 lines
23 KiB
Python
Executable File
#!/usr/bin/python3
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#
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# Checks that the upstream DNS has been set correctly and that
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# SSL certificates have been signed, etc., and if not tells the user
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# what to do next.
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__ALL__ = ['check_certificate']
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import os, os.path, re, subprocess, datetime
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import dns.reversename, dns.resolver
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from dns_update import get_dns_zones, build_tlsa_record
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from web_update import get_web_domains, get_domain_ssl_files
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from mailconfig import get_mail_domains, get_mail_aliases
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from utils import shell, sort_domains, load_env_vars_from_file
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def run_checks(env, output):
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env["out"] = output
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run_system_checks(env)
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run_network_checks(env)
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run_domain_checks(env)
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def run_system_checks(env):
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env["out"].add_heading("System")
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# Check that SSH login with password is disabled.
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sshd = open("/etc/ssh/sshd_config").read()
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if re.search("\nPasswordAuthentication\s+yes", sshd) \
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or not re.search("\nPasswordAuthentication\s+no", sshd):
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env['out'].print_error("""The SSH server on this machine permits password-based login. A more secure
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way to log in is using a public key. Add your SSH public key to $HOME/.ssh/authorized_keys, check
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that you can log in without a password, set the option 'PasswordAuthentication no' in
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/etc/ssh/sshd_config, and then restart the openssh via 'sudo service ssh restart'.""")
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else:
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env['out'].print_ok("SSH disallows password-based login.")
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# Check for any software package updates.
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pkgs = list_apt_updates()
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if os.path.exists("/var/run/reboot-required"):
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env['out'].print_error("System updates have been installed and a reboot of the machine is required.")
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elif len(pkgs) == 0:
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env['out'].print_ok("System software is up to date.")
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else:
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env['out'].print_error("There are %d software packages that can be updated." % len(pkgs))
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for p in pkgs:
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env['out'].print_line("%s (%s)" % (p["package"], p["version"]))
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# Check that the administrator alias exists since that's where all
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# admin email is automatically directed.
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check_alias_exists("administrator@" + env['PRIMARY_HOSTNAME'], env)
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def run_network_checks(env):
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# Also see setup/network-checks.sh.
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env["out"].add_heading("Network")
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# Stop if we cannot make an outbound connection on port 25. Many residential
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# networks block outbound port 25 to prevent their network from sending spam.
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# See if we can reach one of Google's MTAs with a 5-second timeout.
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code, ret = shell("check_call", ["/bin/nc", "-z", "-w5", "aspmx.l.google.com", "25"], trap=True)
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if ret == 0:
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env['out'].print_ok("Outbound mail (SMTP port 25) is not blocked.")
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else:
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env['out'].print_error("""Outbound mail (SMTP port 25) seems to be blocked by your network. You
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will not be able to send any mail. Many residential networks block port 25 to prevent hijacked
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machines from being able to send spam. A quick connection test to Google's mail server on port 25
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failed.""")
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# Stop if the IPv4 address is listed in the ZEN Spamhouse Block List.
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# The user might have ended up on an IP address that was previously in use
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# by a spammer, or the user may be deploying on a residential network. We
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# will not be able to reliably send mail in these cases.
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rev_ip4 = ".".join(reversed(env['PUBLIC_IP'].split('.')))
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if not query_dns(rev_ip4+'.zen.spamhaus.org', 'A', nxdomain=None):
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env['out'].print_ok("IP address is not blacklisted by zen.spamhaus.org.")
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else:
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env['out'].print_error("""The IP address of this machine %s is listed in the Spamhaus Block List,
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which may prevent recipients from receiving your email. See http://www.spamhaus.org/query/ip/%s."""
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% (env['PUBLIC_IP'], env['PUBLIC_IP']))
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def run_domain_checks(env):
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# Get the list of domains we handle mail for.
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mail_domains = get_mail_domains(env)
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# Get the list of domains we serve DNS zones for (i.e. does not include subdomains).
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dns_zonefiles = dict(get_dns_zones(env))
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dns_domains = set(dns_zonefiles)
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# Get the list of domains we serve HTTPS for.
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web_domains = set(get_web_domains(env))
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# Check the domains.
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for domain in sort_domains(mail_domains | dns_domains | web_domains, env):
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env["out"].add_heading(domain)
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if domain == env["PRIMARY_HOSTNAME"]:
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check_primary_hostname_dns(domain, env)
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if domain in dns_domains:
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check_dns_zone(domain, env, dns_zonefiles)
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if domain in mail_domains:
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check_mail_domain(domain, env)
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if domain in web_domains:
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check_web_domain(domain, env)
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def check_primary_hostname_dns(domain, env):
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# Check that the ns1/ns2 hostnames resolve to A records. This information probably
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# comes from the TLD since the information is set at the registrar.
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ip = query_dns("ns1." + domain, "A") + '/' + query_dns("ns2." + domain, "A")
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if ip == env['PUBLIC_IP'] + '/' + env['PUBLIC_IP']:
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env['out'].print_ok("Nameserver glue records are correct at registrar. [ns1/ns2.%s => %s]" % (env['PRIMARY_HOSTNAME'], env['PUBLIC_IP']))
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else:
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env['out'].print_error("""Nameserver glue records are incorrect. The ns1.%s and ns2.%s nameservers must be configured at your domain name
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registrar as having the IP address %s. They currently report addresses of %s. It may take several hours for
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public DNS to update after a change."""
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% (env['PRIMARY_HOSTNAME'], env['PRIMARY_HOSTNAME'], env['PUBLIC_IP'], ip))
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# Check that PRIMARY_HOSTNAME resolves to PUBLIC_IP in public DNS.
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ip = query_dns(domain, "A")
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if ip == env['PUBLIC_IP']:
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env['out'].print_ok("Domain resolves to box's IP address. [%s => %s]" % (env['PRIMARY_HOSTNAME'], env['PUBLIC_IP']))
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else:
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env['out'].print_error("""This domain must resolve to your box's IP address (%s) in public DNS but it currently resolves
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to %s. It may take several hours for public DNS to update after a change. This problem may result from other
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issues listed here."""
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% (env['PUBLIC_IP'], ip))
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# Check reverse DNS on the PRIMARY_HOSTNAME. Note that it might not be
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# a DNS zone if it is a subdomain of another domain we have a zone for.
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ipaddr_rev = dns.reversename.from_address(env['PUBLIC_IP'])
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existing_rdns = query_dns(ipaddr_rev, "PTR")
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if existing_rdns == domain:
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env['out'].print_ok("Reverse DNS is set correctly at ISP. [%s => %s]" % (env['PUBLIC_IP'], env['PRIMARY_HOSTNAME']))
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else:
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env['out'].print_error("""Your box's reverse DNS is currently %s, but it should be %s. Your ISP or cloud provider will have instructions
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on setting up reverse DNS for your box at %s.""" % (existing_rdns, domain, env['PUBLIC_IP']) )
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# Check the TLSA record.
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tlsa_qname = "_25._tcp." + domain
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tlsa25 = query_dns(tlsa_qname, "TLSA", nxdomain=None)
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tlsa25_expected = build_tlsa_record(env)
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if tlsa25 == tlsa25_expected:
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env['out'].print_ok("""The DANE TLSA record for incoming mail is correct (%s).""" % tlsa_qname,)
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elif tlsa25 is None:
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env['out'].print_error("""The DANE TLSA record for incoming mail is not set. This is optional.""")
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else:
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env['out'].print_error("""The DANE TLSA record for incoming mail (%s) is not correct. It is '%s' but it should be '%s'. Try running tools/dns_update to
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regenerate the record. It may take several hours for
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public DNS to update after a change."""
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% (tlsa_qname, tlsa25, tlsa25_expected))
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# Check that the hostmaster@ email address exists.
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check_alias_exists("hostmaster@" + domain, env)
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def check_alias_exists(alias, env):
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mail_alises = dict(get_mail_aliases(env))
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if alias in mail_alises:
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env['out'].print_ok("%s exists as a mail alias [=> %s]" % (alias, mail_alises[alias]))
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else:
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env['out'].print_error("""You must add a mail alias for %s and direct email to you or another administrator.""" % alias)
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def check_dns_zone(domain, env, dns_zonefiles):
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# We provide a DNS zone for the domain. It should have NS records set up
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# at the domain name's registrar pointing to this box.
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existing_ns = query_dns(domain, "NS")
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correct_ns = "ns1.BOX; ns2.BOX".replace("BOX", env['PRIMARY_HOSTNAME'])
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if existing_ns.lower() == correct_ns.lower():
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env['out'].print_ok("Nameservers are set correctly at registrar. [%s]" % correct_ns)
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else:
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env['out'].print_error("""The nameservers set on this domain are incorrect. They are currently %s. Use your domain name registar's
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control panel to set the nameservers to %s."""
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% (existing_ns, correct_ns) )
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# See if the domain has a DS record set at the registrar. The DS record may have
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# several forms. We have to be prepared to check for any valid record. We've
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# pre-generated all of the valid digests --- read them in.
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ds_correct = open('/etc/nsd/zones/' + dns_zonefiles[domain] + '.ds').read().strip().split("\n")
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digests = { }
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for rr_ds in ds_correct:
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ds_keytag, ds_alg, ds_digalg, ds_digest = rr_ds.split("\t")[4].split(" ")
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digests[ds_digalg] = ds_digest
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# Some registrars may want the public key so they can compute the digest. The DS
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# record that we suggest using is for the KSK (and that's how the DS records were generated).
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dnssec_keys = load_env_vars_from_file(os.path.join(env['STORAGE_ROOT'], 'dns/dnssec/keys.conf'))
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dnsssec_pubkey = open(os.path.join(env['STORAGE_ROOT'], 'dns/dnssec/' + dnssec_keys['KSK'] + '.key')).read().split("\t")[3].split(" ")[3]
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# Query public DNS for the DS record at the registrar.
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ds = query_dns(domain, "DS", nxdomain=None)
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ds_looks_valid = ds and len(ds.split(" ")) == 4
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if ds_looks_valid: ds = ds.split(" ")
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if ds_looks_valid and ds[0] == ds_keytag and ds[1] == '7' and ds[3] == digests.get(ds[2]):
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env['out'].print_ok("DNS 'DS' record is set correctly at registrar.")
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else:
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if ds == None:
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env['out'].print_error("""This domain's DNS DS record is not set. The DS record is optional. The DS record activates DNSSEC.
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To set a DS record, you must follow the instructions provided by your domain name registrar and provide to them this information:""")
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else:
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env['out'].print_error("""This domain's DNS DS record is incorrect. The chain of trust is broken between the public DNS system
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and this machine's DNS server. It may take several hours for public DNS to update after a change. If you did not recently
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make a change, you must resolve this immediately by following the instructions provided by your domain name registrar and
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provide to them this information:""")
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env['out'].print_line("")
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env['out'].print_line("Key Tag: " + ds_keytag + ("" if not ds_looks_valid or ds[0] == ds_keytag else " (Got '%s')" % ds[0]))
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env['out'].print_line("Key Flags: KSK")
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env['out'].print_line("Algorithm: 7 / RSASHA1-NSEC3-SHA1" + ("" if not ds_looks_valid or ds[1] == '7' else " (Got '%s')" % ds[1]))
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env['out'].print_line("Digest Type: 2 / SHA-256")
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env['out'].print_line("Digest: " + digests['2'])
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if ds_looks_valid and ds[3] != digests.get(ds[2]):
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env['out'].print_line("(Got digest type %s and digest %s which do not match.)" % (ds[2], ds[3]))
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env['out'].print_line("Public Key: ")
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env['out'].print_line(dnsssec_pubkey, monospace=True)
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env['out'].print_line("")
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env['out'].print_line("Bulk/Record Format:")
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env['out'].print_line("" + ds_correct[0])
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env['out'].print_line("")
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def check_mail_domain(domain, env):
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# Check the MX record.
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mx = query_dns(domain, "MX", nxdomain=None)
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expected_mx = "10 " + env['PRIMARY_HOSTNAME']
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if mx == expected_mx:
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env['out'].print_ok("Domain's email is directed to this domain. [%s => %s]" % (domain, mx))
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elif mx == None:
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# A missing MX record is okay on the primary hostname because
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# the primary hostname's A record (the MX fallback) is... itself,
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# which is what we want the MX to be.
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if domain == env['PRIMARY_HOSTNAME']:
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env['out'].print_ok("Domain's email is directed to this domain. [%s has no MX record, which is ok]" % (domain,))
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# And a missing MX record is okay on other domains if the A record
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# matches the A record of the PRIMARY_HOSTNAME. Actually this will
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# probably confuse DANE TLSA, but we'll let that slide for now.
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else:
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domain_a = query_dns(domain, "A", nxdomain=None)
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primary_a = query_dns(env['PRIMARY_HOSTNAME'], "A", nxdomain=None)
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if domain_a != None and domain_a == primary_a:
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env['out'].print_ok("Domain's email is directed to this domain. [%s has no MX record but its A record is OK]" % (domain,))
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else:
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env['out'].print_error("""This domain's DNS MX record is not set. It should be '%s'. Mail will not
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be delivered to this box. It may take several hours for public DNS to update after a
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change. This problem may result from other issues listed here.""" % (expected_mx,))
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else:
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env['out'].print_error("""This domain's DNS MX record is incorrect. It is currently set to '%s' but should be '%s'. Mail will not
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be delivered to this box. It may take several hours for public DNS to update after a change. This problem may result from
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other issues listed here.""" % (mx, expected_mx))
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# Check that the postmaster@ email address exists.
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check_alias_exists("postmaster@" + domain, env)
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# Stop if the domain is listed in the Spamhaus Domain Block List.
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# The user might have chosen a domain that was previously in use by a spammer
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# and will not be able to reliably send mail.
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if not query_dns(domain+'.dbl.spamhaus.org', "A", nxdomain=None):
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env['out'].print_ok("Domain is not blacklisted by dbl.spamhaus.org.")
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else:
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env['out'].print_error("""This domain is listed in the Spamhaus Domain Block List, which may prevent recipients from receiving your mail.
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See http://www.spamhaus.org/dbl/ and http://www.spamhaus.org/query/domain/%s.""" % domain)
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def check_web_domain(domain, env):
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# See if the domain's A record resolves to our PUBLIC_IP. This is already checked
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# for PRIMARY_HOSTNAME, for which it is required for mail specifically. For it and
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# other domains, it is required to access its website.
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if domain != env['PRIMARY_HOSTNAME']:
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ip = query_dns(domain, "A")
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if ip == env['PUBLIC_IP']:
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env['out'].print_ok("Domain resolves to this box's IP address. [%s => %s]" % (domain, env['PUBLIC_IP']))
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else:
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env['out'].print_error("""This domain should resolve to your box's IP address (%s) if you would like the box to serve
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webmail or a website on this domain. The domain currently resolves to %s in public DNS. It may take several hours for
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public DNS to update after a change. This problem may result from other issues listed here.""" % (env['PUBLIC_IP'], ip))
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# We need a SSL certificate for PRIMARY_HOSTNAME because that's where the
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# user will log in with IMAP or webmail. Any other domain we serve a
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# website for also needs a signed certificate.
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check_ssl_cert(domain, env)
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def query_dns(qname, rtype, nxdomain='[Not Set]'):
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resolver = dns.resolver.get_default_resolver()
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try:
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response = dns.resolver.query(qname, rtype)
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except (dns.resolver.NoNameservers, dns.resolver.NXDOMAIN, dns.resolver.NoAnswer):
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# Host did not have an answer for this query; not sure what the
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# difference is between the two exceptions.
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return nxdomain
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# There may be multiple answers; concatenate the response. Remove trailing
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# periods from responses since that's how qnames are encoded in DNS but is
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# confusing for us. The order of the answers doesn't matter, so sort so we
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# can compare to a well known order.
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return "; ".join(sorted(str(r).rstrip('.') for r in response))
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def check_ssl_cert(domain, env):
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# Check that SSL certificate is signed.
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# Skip the check if the A record is not pointed here.
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if query_dns(domain, "A", None) not in (env['PUBLIC_IP'], None): return
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# Where is the SSL stored?
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ssl_key, ssl_certificate, ssl_csr_path = get_domain_ssl_files(domain, env)
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if not os.path.exists(ssl_certificate):
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env['out'].print_error("The SSL certificate file for this domain is missing.")
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return
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# Check that the certificate is good.
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cert_status = check_certificate(domain, ssl_certificate, ssl_key)
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if cert_status == "SELF-SIGNED":
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fingerprint = shell('check_output', [
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"openssl",
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"x509",
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"-in", ssl_certificate,
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"-noout",
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"-fingerprint"
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])
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fingerprint = re.sub(".*Fingerprint=", "", fingerprint).strip()
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if domain == env['PRIMARY_HOSTNAME']:
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env['out'].print_error("""The SSL certificate for this domain is currently self-signed. You will get a security
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warning when you check or send email and when visiting this domain in a web browser (for webmail or
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static site hosting). You may choose to confirm the security exception, but check that the certificate
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fingerprint matches the following:""")
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env['out'].print_line("")
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env['out'].print_line(" " + fingerprint, monospace=True)
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else:
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env['out'].print_error("""The SSL certificate for this domain is currently self-signed. Visitors to a website on
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this domain will get a security warning. If you are not serving a website on this domain, then it is
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safe to leave the self-signed certificate in place.""")
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env['out'].print_line("")
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env['out'].print_line("""You can purchase a signed certificate from many places. You will need to provide this Certificate Signing Request (CSR)
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to whoever you purchase the SSL certificate from:""")
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env['out'].print_line("")
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env['out'].print_line(open(ssl_csr_path).read().strip(), monospace=True)
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env['out'].print_line("")
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env['out'].print_line("""When you purchase an SSL certificate you will receive a certificate in PEM format and possibly a file containing intermediate certificates in PEM format.
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If you receive intermediate certificates, use a text editor and paste your certificate on top and then the intermediate certificates
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below it. Save the file and place it onto this machine at %s. Then run "service nginx restart".""" % ssl_certificate)
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elif cert_status == "OK":
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env['out'].print_ok("SSL certificate is signed & valid.")
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else:
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env['out'].print_error("The SSL certificate has a problem:")
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env['out'].print_line("")
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env['out'].print_line(cert_status)
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env['out'].print_line("")
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def check_certificate(domain, ssl_certificate, ssl_private_key):
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# Use openssl verify to check the status of a certificate.
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# First check that the certificate is for the right domain. The domain
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# must be found in the Subject Common Name (CN) or be one of the
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# Subject Alternative Names.
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cert_dump = shell('check_output', [
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"openssl", "x509",
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"-in", ssl_certificate,
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"-noout", "-text", "-nameopt", "rfc2253",
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])
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cert_dump = cert_dump.split("\n")
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certificate_names = set()
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while len(cert_dump) > 0:
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line = cert_dump.pop(0)
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# Grab from the Subject Common Name. We include the indentation
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# at the start of the line in case maybe the cert includes the
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# common name of some other referenced entity (which would be
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# indented, I hope).
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m = re.match(" Subject: CN=([^,]+)", line)
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if m:
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certificate_names.add(m.group(1))
|
|
|
|
# Grab from the Subject Alternative Name, which is a comma-delim
|
|
# list of names, like DNS:mydomain.com, DNS:otherdomain.com.
|
|
m = re.match(" X509v3 Subject Alternative Name:", line)
|
|
if m:
|
|
names = re.split(",\s*", cert_dump.pop(0).strip())
|
|
for n in names:
|
|
m = re.match("DNS:(.*)", n)
|
|
if m:
|
|
certificate_names.add(m.group(1))
|
|
|
|
if domain is not None and domain not in certificate_names:
|
|
return "This certificate is for the wrong domain names. It is for %s." % \
|
|
", ".join(sorted(certificate_names))
|
|
|
|
# Second, check that the certificate matches the private key. Get the modulus of the
|
|
# private key and of the public key in the certificate. They should match. The output
|
|
# of each command looks like "Modulus=XXXXX".
|
|
if ssl_private_key is not None:
|
|
private_key_modulus = shell('check_output', [
|
|
"openssl", "rsa",
|
|
"-inform", "PEM",
|
|
"-noout", "-modulus",
|
|
"-in", ssl_private_key])
|
|
cert_key_modulus = shell('check_output', [
|
|
"openssl", "x509",
|
|
"-in", ssl_certificate,
|
|
"-noout", "-modulus"])
|
|
if private_key_modulus != cert_key_modulus:
|
|
return "The certificate installed at %s does not correspond to the private key at %s." % (ssl_certificate, ssl_private_key)
|
|
|
|
# Next validate that the certificate is valid. This checks whether the certificate
|
|
# is self-signed, that the chain of trust makes sense, that it is signed by a CA
|
|
# that Ubuntu has installed on this machine's list of CAs, and I think that it hasn't
|
|
# expired.
|
|
|
|
# In order to verify with openssl, we need to split out any
|
|
# intermediary certificates in the chain (if any) from our
|
|
# certificate (at the top). They need to be passed separately.
|
|
|
|
cert = open(ssl_certificate).read()
|
|
m = re.match(r'(-*BEGIN CERTIFICATE-*.*?-*END CERTIFICATE-*)(.*)', cert, re.S)
|
|
if m == None:
|
|
return "The certificate file is an invalid PEM certificate."
|
|
mycert, chaincerts = m.groups()
|
|
|
|
# This command returns a non-zero exit status in most cases, so trap errors.
|
|
|
|
retcode, verifyoutput = shell('check_output', [
|
|
"openssl",
|
|
"verify", "-verbose",
|
|
"-purpose", "sslserver", "-policy_check",]
|
|
+ ([] if chaincerts.strip() == "" else ["-untrusted", "/dev/stdin"])
|
|
+ [ssl_certificate],
|
|
input=chaincerts.encode('ascii'),
|
|
trap=True)
|
|
|
|
if "self signed" in verifyoutput:
|
|
# Certificate is self-signed.
|
|
return "SELF-SIGNED"
|
|
elif retcode == 0:
|
|
# Certificate is OK.
|
|
return "OK"
|
|
else:
|
|
return verifyoutput.strip()
|
|
|
|
_apt_updates = None
|
|
def list_apt_updates():
|
|
# See if we have this information cached recently.
|
|
# Keep the information for 8 hours.
|
|
global _apt_updates
|
|
if _apt_updates is not None and _apt_updates[0] > datetime.datetime.now() - datetime.timedelta(hours=8):
|
|
return _apt_updates[1]
|
|
|
|
# Run apt-get update to refresh package list.
|
|
shell("check_call", ["/usr/bin/apt-get", "-qq", "update"])
|
|
|
|
# Run apt-get upgrade in simulate mode to get a list of what
|
|
# it would do.
|
|
simulated_install = shell("check_output", ["/usr/bin/apt-get", "-qq", "-s", "upgrade"])
|
|
pkgs = []
|
|
for line in simulated_install.split('\n'):
|
|
if line.strip() == "":
|
|
continue
|
|
if re.match(r'^Conf .*', line):
|
|
# remove these lines, not informative
|
|
continue
|
|
m = re.match(r'^Inst (.*) \[(.*)\] \((\S*)', line)
|
|
if m:
|
|
pkgs.append({ "package": m.group(1), "version": m.group(3), "current_version": m.group(2) })
|
|
else:
|
|
pkgs.append({ "package": "[" + line + "]", "version": "", "current_version": "" })
|
|
|
|
# Cache for future requests.
|
|
_apt_updates = (datetime.datetime.now(), pkgs)
|
|
|
|
return pkgs
|
|
|
|
|
|
try:
|
|
terminal_columns = int(shell('check_output', ['stty', 'size']).split()[1])
|
|
except:
|
|
terminal_columns = 76
|
|
class ConsoleOutput:
|
|
def add_heading(self, heading):
|
|
print()
|
|
print(heading)
|
|
print("=" * len(heading))
|
|
|
|
def print_ok(self, message):
|
|
self.print_block(message, first_line="✓ ")
|
|
|
|
def print_error(self, message):
|
|
self.print_block(message, first_line="✖ ")
|
|
|
|
def print_block(self, message, first_line=" "):
|
|
print(first_line, end='')
|
|
message = re.sub("\n\s*", " ", message)
|
|
words = re.split("(\s+)", message)
|
|
linelen = 0
|
|
for w in words:
|
|
if linelen + len(w) > terminal_columns-1-len(first_line):
|
|
print()
|
|
print(" ", end="")
|
|
linelen = 0
|
|
if linelen == 0 and w.strip() == "": continue
|
|
print(w, end="")
|
|
linelen += len(w)
|
|
print()
|
|
|
|
def print_line(self, message, monospace=False):
|
|
for line in message.split("\n"):
|
|
self.print_block(line)
|
|
|
|
if __name__ == "__main__":
|
|
import sys
|
|
from utils import load_environment
|
|
env = load_environment()
|
|
if len(sys.argv) == 1:
|
|
run_checks(env, ConsoleOutput())
|
|
elif sys.argv[1] == "--check-primary-hostname":
|
|
# See if the primary hostname appears resolvable and has a signed certificate.
|
|
domain = env['PRIMARY_HOSTNAME']
|
|
if query_dns(domain, "A") != env['PUBLIC_IP']:
|
|
sys.exit(1)
|
|
ssl_key, ssl_certificate, ssl_csr_path = get_domain_ssl_files(domain, env)
|
|
if not os.path.exists(ssl_certificate):
|
|
sys.exit(1)
|
|
cert_status = check_certificate(domain, ssl_certificate, ssl_key)
|
|
if cert_status != "OK":
|
|
sys.exit(1)
|
|
sys.exit(0)
|