# xsum This stores a file mtime, a size, and a cryptographically secure content checksum in an xattr, so that you can verify that your files aren't corrupted on filesystems that are dumb and don't include data checksums (e.g. apfs) # background You can dd a few random bytes into the middle of an hfs+ or apfs filesystem, and, if they land in file data, an fsck/Disk First Aid on the filesystem will pass with flying colors. There is no file content checksum. # author Jeffrey Paul [sneak@sneak.berlin](mailto:sneak@sneak.berlin)