Deploy: main into prod (#343)

Brings `prod`, which upaas deploys, up to `main` at `9cf9cdd`, the merge of #321. `prod` was cut from `main` at `251cb3d` (1.0.0b1).

What it deploys is everything listed in #321. For running it:

- With `WEBHOOKER_ENVIRONMENT` unset, the instance runs as `prod` and sends no `Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *`.
- Each event database gains its new indexes the first time it is opened after the upgrade.
- `webhooker_delivery_retries_total` no longer counts a circuit breaker holding back a delivery that is already `retrying`.

Not in this PR yet: #340, in which the container sets its own data directory owner and mode before start. It is in progress on `next`. Once it reaches `main`, this PR carries it, because the PR follows `main`.

Model: opus-5-5
Co-authored-by: Jeffrey Paul <1+sneak@noreply.example.org>
Reviewed-on: #343
Co-authored-by: clawbot <35+clawbot@noreply.example.org>

internal/database/webhook_db_manager.go

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 	"gorm.io/driver/sqlite"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/webhooker/internal/config"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/webhooker/internal/datadir"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/webhooker/internal/gormlog"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/webhooker/internal/logger"
 )
@@ -40,6 +41,11 @@ type WebhookDBManager struct {
 	dataDir string
 	dbs     sync.Map // map[webhookID]*gorm.DB
 	log     *slog.Logger
+
+	// mu is held while a database is opened, deleted, or closed, so
+	// each file has at most one open handle. Reading an already cached
+	// handle does not take it.
+	mu sync.Mutex
 }
 
 // NewWebhookDBManager creates a new WebhookDBManager and
@@ -53,8 +59,9 @@ func NewWebhookDBManager(
 		log:     params.Logger.Get(),
 	}
 
-	// Create data directory if it doesn't exist
-	err := os.MkdirAll(m.dataDir, dataDirPerm)
+	// Create data directory if it doesn't exist. datadir.DirPerm is the
+	// single source of the directory mode; either package may run first.
+	err := os.MkdirAll(m.dataDir, datadir.DirPerm)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf(
 			"creating data directory %s: %w",
@@ -84,43 +91,39 @@ func (m *WebhookDBManager) GetDB(
 ) (*gorm.DB, error) {
 	// Fast path: already open
 	if val, ok := m.dbs.Load(webhookID); ok {
-		cachedDB, castOK := val.(*gorm.DB)
-		if !castOK {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf(
-				"%w for webhook %s",
-				errInvalidCachedDBType,
-				webhookID,
-			)
-		}
+		return asGormDB(val, webhookID)
+	}
 
-		return cachedDB, nil
+	// Slow path: open the database under the lock, looking in the
+	// cache again first. A caller that raced another one here then
+	// waits for its handle instead of opening a second one.
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if val, ok := m.dbs.Load(webhookID); ok {
+		return asGormDB(val, webhookID)
 	}
 
-	// Slow path: open/create the database
 	db, err := m.openDB(webhookID)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	// Store it; if another goroutine beat us, close ours
-	actual, loaded := m.dbs.LoadOrStore(webhookID, db)
-	if loaded {
-		// Another goroutine created it first; close our duplicate
-		sqlDB, closeErr := db.DB()
-		if closeErr == nil {
-			_ = sqlDB.Close()
-		}
+	m.dbs.Store(webhookID, db)
 
-		existingDB, castOK := actual.(*gorm.DB)
-		if !castOK {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf(
-				"%w for webhook %s",
-				errInvalidCachedDBType,
-				webhookID,
-			)
-		}
+	return db, nil
+}
 
-		return existingDB, nil
+// asGormDB returns a value read from the cache as the database
+// handle it is.
+func asGormDB(val any, webhookID string) (*gorm.DB, error) {
+	db, ok := val.(*gorm.DB)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf(
+			"%w for webhook %s",
+			errInvalidCachedDBType,
+			webhookID,
+		)
 	}
 
 	return db, nil
@@ -151,6 +154,11 @@ func (m *WebhookDBManager) DBExists(
 func (m *WebhookDBManager) DeleteDB(
 	webhookID string,
 ) error {
+	// Held until the files are gone, so GetDB cannot open the file
+	// again between the close and the removal.
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+
 	// Close and remove from cache
 	if val, ok := m.dbs.LoadAndDelete(webhookID); ok {
 		if gormDB, castOK := val.(*gorm.DB); castOK {
@@ -184,6 +192,11 @@ func (m *WebhookDBManager) DeleteDB(
 // CloseAll closes all open per-webhook database connections.
 // Called during application shutdown.
 func (m *WebhookDBManager) CloseAll() error {
+	// An open already under way finishes and is cached first, so it
+	// is closed here rather than cached after this loop has passed.
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+
 	var lastErr error
 
 	m.dbs.Range(func(key, value any) bool {