Add a webhooker resetpw subcommand and a bootstrap banner (closes #208) (#239)

The admin bootstrap password was printed once, as one line among roughly
45 fx lines, and under docker run -d went to container logs subject to
rotation. There was no reset path at all -- no subcommand, no forgot-password
flow, no env override -- so recovery meant hand-deleting the users row from
webhooker.db, which was documented nowhere.

Adds webhooker resetpw [-generate] <username>. The password is read from
stdin or generated with the existing crypto/rand helper, never taken from
argv where /proc would publish it. It reuses the existing Argon2id hashing
rather than reimplementing the parameters, and writes a single UPDATE only
after the hash is complete, so no failure can leave an account with no
usable password. An unknown username is a hard error and never creates an
account.

It refuses to run against a DATA_DIR held by a live instance, via the
exclusive lock from #201. DATA_DIR and webhooker.db are checked to exist
before the lock is acquired, so a mistyped path creates nothing -- neither
a directory tree nor a stray lock file.

The bootstrap password now appears exactly once, in a distinct banner
written straight to a caller-named writer rather than as an fx log line.

internal/database/bootstrap_banner_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+package database_test
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/webhooker/internal/database"
+)
+
+// passwordField is the banner line carrying the plaintext.
+const passwordField = "password: "
+
+// bannerPassword returns the password the banner printed.
+func bannerPassword(t *testing.T, out string) string {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	for line := range strings.SplitSeq(out, "\n") {
+		_, value, found := strings.Cut(line, passwordField)
+		if found {
+			return strings.TrimSpace(value)
+		}
+	}
+
+	t.Fatalf("no %q line in the banner:\n%s", passwordField, out)
+
+	return ""
+}
+
+// TestFirstBoot_PrintsTheAdminPasswordAsABanner is the bootstrap half
+// of https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/webhooker/issues/208.
+//
+// The password is shown exactly once, and it used to be shown as one
+// slog record among the roughly 45 fx PROVIDE/RUN/HOOK lines a boot
+// writes — which is how deployments lost it and, with no reset path,
+// locked themselves out. It must be emitted as a block an operator can
+// find by eye, it must carry the plaintext that actually opens the
+// account, and it must name the command that recovers it.
+func TestFirstBoot_PrintsTheAdminPasswordAsABanner(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	db, lc := setupTestDB(t)
+
+	var out bytes.Buffer
+
+	db.ExportSetBannerOut(&out)
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	require.NoError(t, lc.Start(ctx))
+
+	defer func() { require.NoError(t, lc.Stop(ctx)) }()
+
+	printed := out.String()
+
+	require.Contains(
+		t, printed, strings.Repeat("=", 20),
+		"the banner must be ruled off, not read as one more log line",
+	)
+	require.Contains(t, printed, "username: admin")
+	assert.Contains(
+		t, printed, "resetpw",
+		"the banner must name the command that recovers the account",
+	)
+
+	password := bannerPassword(t, printed)
+	require.NotEmpty(t, password)
+
+	// The printed plaintext must be the one that opens the account:
+	// a banner showing a different string would be worse than none.
+	var user database.User
+
+	require.NoError(
+		t,
+		db.DB().Where("username = ?", "admin").First(&user).Error,
+	)
+
+	ok, err := database.VerifyPassword(password, user.Password)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.True(
+		t, ok, "the printed password must open the seeded account",
+	)
+}

internal/database/database.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"encoding/base64"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"io"
 	"log/slog"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
@@ -16,6 +17,7 @@ import (
 	"gorm.io/driver/sqlite"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 	_ "modernc.org/sqlite" // Pure Go SQLite driver
+	"sneak.berlin/go/webhooker/internal/banner"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/webhooker/internal/config"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/webhooker/internal/gormlog"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/webhooker/internal/logger"
@@ -27,6 +29,20 @@ const (
 	sessionKeyLen     = 32
 )
 
+// MainDBFileName is the main application database inside DATA_DIR. It
+// is exported so that an entry point acting on a data directory
+// outside the fx graph can test for a deployment's existence without
+// spelling the name a second time.
+const MainDBFileName = "webhooker.db"
+
+// BootstrapPasswordNote is what the first-boot banner tells the
+// operator to do about the password it just printed. It names the
+// recovery command, because the moment that line scrolls away is
+// exactly when the operator needs to know one exists.
+const BootstrapPasswordNote = "Save this password now: it is shown " +
+	"only here, and only once.\nIf it is lost, run `webhooker " +
+	"resetpw admin` on a stopped deployment."
+
 //nolint:revive // DatabaseParams is a standard fx naming convention.
 type DatabaseParams struct {
 	fx.In
@@ -40,6 +56,39 @@ type Database struct {
 	db     *gorm.DB
 	log    *slog.Logger
 	params *DatabaseParams
+
+	// bannerOut receives the first-boot credentials banner. Nil means
+	// os.Stdout, resolved at write time rather than at construction so
+	// that a caller which redirects the variable still captures it.
+	bannerOut io.Writer
+}
+
+// Open connects to the main database in dataDir and migrates it,
+// without the fx lifecycle and without seeding an admin account.
+//
+// It is for entry points that act on an existing deployment's data
+// directory from outside the server graph — `webhooker resetpw`. Such a
+// caller must already hold the DATA_DIR lock (see internal/datadir),
+// and must Close the result.
+//
+// It does not create the admin account: seeding belongs to a server
+// start, and a maintenance command that silently invented an account
+// would answer "no such user" by creating one.
+func Open(dataDir string, log *slog.Logger) (*Database, error) {
+	d := &Database{log: log}
+
+	err := d.connectTo(dataDir)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return d, nil
+}
+
+// Close closes the underlying connection. It is the exported form of
+// the fx stop hook, for callers that built the Database with Open.
+func (d *Database) Close() error {
+	return d.close()
 }
 
 // New creates a Database that connects on fx start and disconnects on stop.
@@ -122,10 +171,22 @@ func (d *Database) GetOrCreateSessionKey() (string, error) {
 	return encoded, nil
 }
 
+// connect opens the configured data directory and, this being a
+// server start, seeds the admin account when the deployment has none.
 func (d *Database) connect() error {
-	// Ensure the data directory exists before opening the database.
-	dataDir := d.params.Config.DataDir
+	err := d.connectTo(d.params.Config.DataDir)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
 
+	return d.ensureAdminUser()
+}
+
+// connectTo opens and migrates the main database in dataDir. It seeds
+// nothing: whether an empty deployment gets an admin account is the
+// caller's decision.
+func (d *Database) connectTo(dataDir string) error {
+	// Ensure the data directory exists before opening the database.
 	err := os.MkdirAll(dataDir, dataDirPerm)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf(
@@ -136,7 +197,7 @@ func (d *Database) connect() error {
 	}
 
 	// Construct the main application database path inside DATA_DIR.
-	dbPath := filepath.Join(dataDir, "webhooker.db")
+	dbPath := filepath.Join(dataDir, MainDBFileName)
 	dbURL := fmt.Sprintf(
 		"file:%s?cache=shared&mode=rwc",
 		dbPath,
@@ -190,10 +251,16 @@ func (d *Database) migrate() error {
 
 	d.log.Info("database migrations completed")
 
+	return nil
+}
+
+// ensureAdminUser creates the bootstrap admin account when the
+// deployment has no users at all.
+func (d *Database) ensureAdminUser() error {
 	// Check if admin user exists
 	var userCount int64
 
-	err = d.db.Model(&User{}).Count(&userCount).Error
+	err := d.db.Model(&User{}).Count(&userCount).Error
 	if err != nil {
 		d.log.Error(
 			"failed to count users",
@@ -253,16 +320,46 @@ func (d *Database) createAdminUser() error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	d.log.Info("admin user created",
-		"username", "admin",
-		"password", password,
-		"message",
-		"SAVE THIS PASSWORD - it will not be shown again!",
+	// The plaintext leaves this process here and nowhere else. It is
+	// deliberately not a log field: as one INFO record among the fx
+	// graph's own output it read as one more startup line, which is
+	// how deployments lost it. See internal/banner.
+	err = banner.Credentials(
+		d.banner(),
+		"WEBHOOKER FIRST BOOT: an admin account has been created.",
+		adminUser.Username,
+		password,
+		BootstrapPasswordNote,
 	)
+	if err != nil {
+		// Fail the start. The account is already committed, so the
+		// next boot seeds nothing and prints nothing: continuing here
+		// would hand the operator a running service whose only
+		// password was never shown. `webhooker resetpw` recovers it.
+		d.log.Error(
+			"failed to print the admin credentials banner",
+			"error", err,
+		)
+
+		return err
+	}
+
+	d.log.Info("admin user created", "username", adminUser.Username)
 
 	return nil
 }
 
+// banner returns where the credentials banner is written. os.Stdout is
+// resolved here rather than stored, so that a test which redirects the
+// variable captures the banner.
+func (d *Database) banner() io.Writer {
+	if d.bannerOut != nil {
+		return d.bannerOut
+	}
+
+	return os.Stdout
+}
+
 func (d *Database) close() error {
 	if d.db != nil {
 		sqlDB, err := d.db.DB()

internal/database/export_test.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package database
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"io"
 	"log/slog"
 	"os"
 	"time"
@@ -66,6 +67,13 @@ func (r *RetentionReaper) ExportSetInterval(d time.Duration) {
 	r.interval = d
 }
 
+// ExportSetBannerOut redirects the first-boot credentials banner, so a
+// test can read what the operator would have seen. It must be called
+// before the fx start hook runs, which is where the account is seeded.
+func (d *Database) ExportSetBannerOut(w io.Writer) {
+	d.bannerOut = w
+}
+
 // DummyPasswordHashForTest exposes the encoded hash that unknown
 // usernames are verified against.
 func DummyPasswordHashForTest() string {