Rate-limit the public webhook receiver endpoint (closes #64)

The public receiver /webhook/{uuid} had no rate limiting: anyone
who learns an entrypoint UUID can flood it, inflating the
per-webhook database and the delivery queue.

Add a dedicated limit scoped to the receiver route, keyed per
client IP per request path (the path contains the entrypoint
UUID), so one misbehaving sender is throttled without affecting
other senders of the same entrypoint or other entrypoints.
Requests over the limit get a 429; httprate adds the Retry-After
header per RFC 6585. IP extraction honours X-Forwarded-For,
X-Real-IP, and True-Client-IP for reverse-proxy deployments.

The limit is RECEIVER_RATE_LIMIT requests per minute, default
120, parsed with the existing envPositiveInt strict parser: a
set-but-unparseable or non-positive value aborts startup rather
than silently falling back to the default.

Also update the README env table and Rate Limiting design
section.

internal/config/config.go

@@ -35,6 +35,13 @@ const (
 	// authenticated activity before it expires.
 	defaultSessionIdleTimeout = 24 * time.Hour
 
+	// defaultReceiverRateLimit is the default number of requests
+	// per minute each client IP may send to a single webhook
+	// receiver entrypoint. Generous for legitimate webhook
+	// senders while bounding abuse of the one unauthenticated,
+	// internet-exposed endpoint.
+	defaultReceiverRateLimit = 120
+
 	// maxPort is the highest valid TCP port number. The lower
 	// bound (at least 1) is enforced by envPositiveInt.
 	maxPort = 65535
@@ -79,6 +86,10 @@ type Config struct {
 	// which a session expires. Non-positive disables idle expiry.
 	SessionIdleTimeout time.Duration
 
+	// ReceiverRateLimit is the number of requests per minute each
+	// client IP may send to a single webhook receiver entrypoint.
+	ReceiverRateLimit int
+
 	params *ConfigParams
 	log    *slog.Logger
 }
@@ -263,6 +274,14 @@ func loadFromEnv() (*Config, error) {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
+	receiverRateLimit, err := envPositiveInt(
+		"RECEIVER_RATE_LIMIT",
+		defaultReceiverRateLimit,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
 	return &Config{
 		DataDir:                envString("DATA_DIR"),
 		Debug:                  debug,
@@ -274,6 +293,7 @@ func loadFromEnv() (*Config, error) {
 		SentryDSN:              envString("SENTRY_DSN"),
 		RetentionSweepInterval: retentionSweepInterval,
 		SessionIdleTimeout:     sessionIdleTimeout,
+		ReceiverRateLimit:      receiverRateLimit,
 	}, nil
 }
 
@@ -314,6 +334,7 @@ func New(lc fx.Lifecycle, params ConfigParams) (*Config, error) {
 		"maintenanceMode", s.MaintenanceMode,
 		"dataDir", s.DataDir,
 		"retentionSweepInterval", s.RetentionSweepInterval.String(),
+		"receiverRateLimit", s.ReceiverRateLimit,
 		"hasSentryDSN", s.SentryDSN != "",
 		"hasMetricsAuth",
 		s.MetricsUsername != "" && s.MetricsPassword != "",