internal/blob/packer.go

@@ -361,101 +361,23 @@ func (p *Packer) finalizeCurrentBlob() error {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	// Close blobgen writer to flush all data
+	blobHash, finalSize, err := p.closeBlobWriter()
-	if err := p.currentBlob.writer.Close(); err != nil {
-		p.cleanupTempFile()
-		return fmt.Errorf("closing blobgen writer: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	// Sync file to ensure all data is written
-	if err := p.currentBlob.tempFile.Sync(); err != nil {
-		p.cleanupTempFile()
-		return fmt.Errorf("syncing temp file: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	// Get the final size (encrypted if applicable)
-	finalSize, err := p.currentBlob.tempFile.Seek(0, io.SeekCurrent)
 	if err != nil {
-		p.cleanupTempFile()
+		return err
-		return fmt.Errorf("getting file size: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	// Reset to beginning for reading
+	chunkRefs := p.buildChunkRefs()
-	if _, err := p.currentBlob.tempFile.Seek(0, io.SeekStart); err != nil {
-		p.cleanupTempFile()
-		return fmt.Errorf("seeking to start: %w", err)
-	}
 
-	// Get hash from blobgen writer (of final encrypted data)
-	finalHash := p.currentBlob.writer.Sum256()
-	blobHash := hex.EncodeToString(finalHash)
-
-	// Create chunk references with offsets
-	chunkRefs := make([]*BlobChunkRef, 0, len(p.currentBlob.chunks))
-
-	for _, chunk := range p.currentBlob.chunks {
-		chunkRefs = append(chunkRefs, &BlobChunkRef{
-			ChunkHash: chunk.Hash,
-			Offset:    chunk.Offset,
-			Length:    chunk.Size,
-		})
-	}
-
-	// Get pending chunks (will be inserted to DB and reported to handler)
 	chunksToInsert := p.pendingChunks
-	p.pendingChunks = nil // Clear pending list
+	p.pendingChunks = nil
 
-	// Insert pending chunks, blob_chunks, and update blob in a single transaction
+	if err := p.commitBlobToDatabase(blobHash, finalSize, chunksToInsert); err != nil {
-	if p.repos != nil {
+		return err
-		blobIDTyped, parseErr := types.ParseBlobID(p.currentBlob.id)
-		if parseErr != nil {
-			p.cleanupTempFile()
-			return fmt.Errorf("parsing blob ID: %w", parseErr)
-		}
-		err := p.repos.WithTx(context.Background(), func(ctx context.Context, tx *sql.Tx) error {
-			// First insert all pending chunks (required for blob_chunks FK)
-			for _, chunk := range chunksToInsert {
-				dbChunk := &database.Chunk{
-					ChunkHash: types.ChunkHash(chunk.Hash),
-					Size:      chunk.Size,
-				}
-				if err := p.repos.Chunks.Create(ctx, tx, dbChunk); err != nil {
-					return fmt.Errorf("creating chunk: %w", err)
-				}
 	}
 
-			// Insert all blob_chunk records in batch
-			for _, chunk := range p.currentBlob.chunks {
-				blobChunk := &database.BlobChunk{
-					BlobID:    blobIDTyped,
-					ChunkHash: types.ChunkHash(chunk.Hash),
-					Offset:    chunk.Offset,
-					Length:    chunk.Size,
-				}
-				if err := p.repos.BlobChunks.Create(ctx, tx, blobChunk); err != nil {
-					return fmt.Errorf("creating blob_chunk: %w", err)
-				}
-			}
-
-			// Update blob record with final hash and sizes
-			return p.repos.Blobs.UpdateFinished(ctx, tx, p.currentBlob.id, blobHash,
-				p.currentBlob.size, finalSize)
-		})
-		if err != nil {
-			p.cleanupTempFile()
-			return fmt.Errorf("finalizing blob transaction: %w", err)
-		}
-
-		log.Debug("Committed blob transaction",
-			"chunks_inserted", len(chunksToInsert),
-			"blob_chunks_inserted", len(p.currentBlob.chunks))
-	}
-
-	// Create finished blob
 	finished := &FinishedBlob{
 		ID:           p.currentBlob.id,
 		Hash:         blobHash,
-		Data:         nil, // We don't load data into memory anymore
 		Chunks:       chunkRefs,
 		CreatedTS:    p.currentBlob.startTime,
 		Uncompressed: p.currentBlob.size,
@@ -464,28 +386,105 @@ func (p *Packer) finalizeCurrentBlob() error {
 
 	compressionRatio := float64(finished.Compressed) / float64(finished.Uncompressed)
 	log.Info("Finalized blob (compressed and encrypted)",
-		"hash", blobHash,
+		"hash", blobHash, "chunks", len(chunkRefs),
-		"chunks", len(chunkRefs),
+		"uncompressed", finished.Uncompressed, "compressed", finished.Compressed,
-		"uncompressed", finished.Uncompressed,
-		"compressed", finished.Compressed,
 		"ratio", fmt.Sprintf("%.2f", compressionRatio),
 		"duration", time.Since(p.currentBlob.startTime))
 
-	// Collect inserted chunk hashes for the scanner to track
 	var insertedChunkHashes []string
 	for _, chunk := range chunksToInsert {
 		insertedChunkHashes = append(insertedChunkHashes, chunk.Hash)
 	}
 
-	// Call blob handler if set
+	return p.deliverFinishedBlob(finished, insertedChunkHashes)
+}
+
+// closeBlobWriter closes the writer, syncs to disk, and returns the blob hash and final size
+func (p *Packer) closeBlobWriter() (string, int64, error) {
+	if err := p.currentBlob.writer.Close(); err != nil {
+		p.cleanupTempFile()
+		return "", 0, fmt.Errorf("closing blobgen writer: %w", err)
+	}
+	if err := p.currentBlob.tempFile.Sync(); err != nil {
+		p.cleanupTempFile()
+		return "", 0, fmt.Errorf("syncing temp file: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	finalSize, err := p.currentBlob.tempFile.Seek(0, io.SeekCurrent)
+	if err != nil {
+		p.cleanupTempFile()
+		return "", 0, fmt.Errorf("getting file size: %w", err)
+	}
+	if _, err := p.currentBlob.tempFile.Seek(0, io.SeekStart); err != nil {
+		p.cleanupTempFile()
+		return "", 0, fmt.Errorf("seeking to start: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	finalHash := p.currentBlob.writer.Sum256()
+	return hex.EncodeToString(finalHash), finalSize, nil
+}
+
+// buildChunkRefs creates BlobChunkRef entries from the current blob's chunks
+func (p *Packer) buildChunkRefs() []*BlobChunkRef {
+	refs := make([]*BlobChunkRef, 0, len(p.currentBlob.chunks))
+	for _, chunk := range p.currentBlob.chunks {
+		refs = append(refs, &BlobChunkRef{
+			ChunkHash: chunk.Hash, Offset: chunk.Offset, Length: chunk.Size,
+		})
+	}
+	return refs
+}
+
+// commitBlobToDatabase inserts pending chunks, blob_chunks, and updates the blob record
+func (p *Packer) commitBlobToDatabase(blobHash string, finalSize int64, chunksToInsert []PendingChunk) error {
+	if p.repos == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	blobIDTyped, parseErr := types.ParseBlobID(p.currentBlob.id)
+	if parseErr != nil {
+		p.cleanupTempFile()
+		return fmt.Errorf("parsing blob ID: %w", parseErr)
+	}
+
+	err := p.repos.WithTx(context.Background(), func(ctx context.Context, tx *sql.Tx) error {
+		for _, chunk := range chunksToInsert {
+			dbChunk := &database.Chunk{ChunkHash: types.ChunkHash(chunk.Hash), Size: chunk.Size}
+			if err := p.repos.Chunks.Create(ctx, tx, dbChunk); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("creating chunk: %w", err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		for _, chunk := range p.currentBlob.chunks {
+			blobChunk := &database.BlobChunk{
+				BlobID: blobIDTyped, ChunkHash: types.ChunkHash(chunk.Hash),
+				Offset: chunk.Offset, Length: chunk.Size,
+			}
+			if err := p.repos.BlobChunks.Create(ctx, tx, blobChunk); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("creating blob_chunk: %w", err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		return p.repos.Blobs.UpdateFinished(ctx, tx, p.currentBlob.id, blobHash, p.currentBlob.size, finalSize)
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		p.cleanupTempFile()
+		return fmt.Errorf("finalizing blob transaction: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	log.Debug("Committed blob transaction",
+		"chunks_inserted", len(chunksToInsert), "blob_chunks_inserted", len(p.currentBlob.chunks))
+	return nil
+}
+
+// deliverFinishedBlob passes the blob to the handler or stores it internally
+func (p *Packer) deliverFinishedBlob(finished *FinishedBlob, insertedChunkHashes []string) error {
 	if p.blobHandler != nil {
-		// Reset file position for handler
 		if _, err := p.currentBlob.tempFile.Seek(0, io.SeekStart); err != nil {
 			p.cleanupTempFile()
 			return fmt.Errorf("seeking for handler: %w", err)
 		}
 
-		// Create a blob reader that includes the data stream
 		blobWithReader := &BlobWithReader{
 			FinishedBlob:        finished,
 			Reader:              p.currentBlob.tempFile,
@@ -497,11 +496,12 @@ func (p *Packer) finalizeCurrentBlob() error {
 			p.cleanupTempFile()
 			return fmt.Errorf("blob handler failed: %w", err)
 		}
-		// Note: blob handler is responsible for closing/cleaning up temp file
 		p.currentBlob = nil
-	} else {
+		return nil
-		log.Debug("No blob handler callback configured", "blob_hash", blobHash[:8]+"...")
+	}
-		// No handler, need to read data for legacy behavior
+
+	// No handler - read data for legacy behavior
+	log.Debug("No blob handler callback configured", "blob_hash", finished.Hash[:8]+"...")
 	if _, err := p.currentBlob.tempFile.Seek(0, io.SeekStart); err != nil {
 		p.cleanupTempFile()
 		return fmt.Errorf("seeking to read data: %w", err)
@@ -513,14 +513,9 @@ func (p *Packer) finalizeCurrentBlob() error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("reading blob data: %w", err)
 	}
 	finished.Data = data
-
 	p.finishedBlobs = append(p.finishedBlobs, finished)
-
-		// Cleanup
 	p.cleanupTempFile()
 	p.currentBlob = nil
-	}
-
 	return nil
 }
 

internal/snapshot/scanner.go

@@ -931,40 +931,103 @@ func (s *Scanner) handleBlobReady(blobWithReader *blob.BlobWithReader) error {
 	startTime := time.Now().UTC()
 	finishedBlob := blobWithReader.FinishedBlob
 
-	// Report upload start and increment blobs created
 	if s.progress != nil {
 		s.progress.ReportUploadStart(finishedBlob.Hash, finishedBlob.Compressed)
 		s.progress.GetStats().BlobsCreated.Add(1)
 	}
 
-	// Upload to storage first (without holding any locks)
-	// Use scan context for cancellation support
 	ctx := s.scanCtx
 	if ctx == nil {
 		ctx = context.Background()
 	}
 
-	// Track bytes uploaded for accurate speed calculation
+	blobPath := fmt.Sprintf("blobs/%s/%s/%s", finishedBlob.Hash[:2], finishedBlob.Hash[2:4], finishedBlob.Hash)
+	blobExists, err := s.uploadBlobIfNeeded(ctx, blobPath, blobWithReader, startTime)
+	if err != nil {
+		s.cleanupBlobTempFile(blobWithReader)
+		return fmt.Errorf("uploading blob %s: %w", finishedBlob.Hash, err)
+	}
+
+	if err := s.recordBlobMetadata(ctx, finishedBlob, blobExists, startTime); err != nil {
+		s.cleanupBlobTempFile(blobWithReader)
+		return err
+	}
+
+	s.cleanupBlobTempFile(blobWithReader)
+
+	// Chunks from this blob are now committed to DB - remove from pending set
+	s.removePendingChunkHashes(blobWithReader.InsertedChunkHashes)
+
+	// Flush files whose chunks are now all committed
+	if err := s.flushCompletedPendingFiles(ctx); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("flushing completed files: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// uploadBlobIfNeeded uploads the blob to storage if it doesn't already exist, returns whether it existed
+func (s *Scanner) uploadBlobIfNeeded(ctx context.Context, blobPath string, blobWithReader *blob.BlobWithReader, startTime time.Time) (bool, error) {
+	finishedBlob := blobWithReader.FinishedBlob
+
+	// Check if blob already exists (deduplication after restart)
+	if _, err := s.storage.Stat(ctx, blobPath); err == nil {
+		log.Info("Blob already exists in storage, skipping upload",
+			"hash", finishedBlob.Hash, "size", humanize.Bytes(uint64(finishedBlob.Compressed)))
+		fmt.Printf("Blob exists: %s (%s, skipped upload)\n",
+			finishedBlob.Hash[:12]+"...", humanize.Bytes(uint64(finishedBlob.Compressed)))
+		return true, nil
+	}
+
+	progressCallback := s.makeUploadProgressCallback(ctx, finishedBlob)
+
+	if err := s.storage.PutWithProgress(ctx, blobPath, blobWithReader.Reader, finishedBlob.Compressed, progressCallback); err != nil {
+		log.Error("Failed to upload blob", "hash", finishedBlob.Hash, "error", err)
+		return false, fmt.Errorf("uploading blob to storage: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	uploadDuration := time.Since(startTime)
+	uploadSpeedBps := float64(finishedBlob.Compressed) / uploadDuration.Seconds()
+
+	fmt.Printf("Blob stored: %s (%s, %s/sec, %s)\n",
+		finishedBlob.Hash[:12]+"...",
+		humanize.Bytes(uint64(finishedBlob.Compressed)),
+		humanize.Bytes(uint64(uploadSpeedBps)),
+		uploadDuration.Round(time.Millisecond))
+
+	log.Info("Successfully uploaded blob to storage",
+		"path", blobPath,
+		"size", humanize.Bytes(uint64(finishedBlob.Compressed)),
+		"duration", uploadDuration,
+		"speed", humanize.SI(uploadSpeedBps*8, "bps"))
+
+	if s.progress != nil {
+		s.progress.ReportUploadComplete(finishedBlob.Hash, finishedBlob.Compressed, uploadDuration)
+		stats := s.progress.GetStats()
+		stats.BlobsUploaded.Add(1)
+		stats.BytesUploaded.Add(finishedBlob.Compressed)
+	}
+
+	return false, nil
+}
+
+// makeUploadProgressCallback creates a progress callback for blob uploads
+func (s *Scanner) makeUploadProgressCallback(ctx context.Context, finishedBlob *blob.FinishedBlob) func(int64) error {
 	lastProgressTime := time.Now()
 	lastProgressBytes := int64(0)
 
-	progressCallback := func(uploaded int64) error {
+	return func(uploaded int64) error {
-		// Calculate instantaneous speed
 		now := time.Now()
 		elapsed := now.Sub(lastProgressTime).Seconds()
-		if elapsed > 0.5 { // Update speed every 0.5 seconds
+		if elapsed > 0.5 {
 			bytesSinceLastUpdate := uploaded - lastProgressBytes
 			speed := float64(bytesSinceLastUpdate) / elapsed
-
 			if s.progress != nil {
 				s.progress.ReportUploadProgress(finishedBlob.Hash, uploaded, finishedBlob.Compressed, speed)
 			}
-
 			lastProgressTime = now
 			lastProgressBytes = uploaded
 		}
-
-		// Check for cancellation
 		select {
 		case <-ctx.Done():
 			return ctx.Err()
@@ -972,87 +1035,26 @@ func (s *Scanner) handleBlobReady(blobWithReader *blob.BlobWithReader) error {
 			return nil
 		}
 	}
+}
 
-	// Create sharded path: blobs/ca/fe/cafebabe...
+// recordBlobMetadata stores blob upload metadata in the database
-	blobPath := fmt.Sprintf("blobs/%s/%s/%s", finishedBlob.Hash[:2], finishedBlob.Hash[2:4], finishedBlob.Hash)
+func (s *Scanner) recordBlobMetadata(ctx context.Context, finishedBlob *blob.FinishedBlob, blobExists bool, startTime time.Time) error {
-
-	// Check if blob already exists in remote storage (deduplication after restart)
-	blobExists := false
-	if _, err := s.storage.Stat(ctx, blobPath); err == nil {
-		blobExists = true
-		log.Info("Blob already exists in storage, skipping upload",
-			"hash", finishedBlob.Hash,
-			"size", humanize.Bytes(uint64(finishedBlob.Compressed)))
-		fmt.Printf("Blob exists: %s (%s, skipped upload)\n",
-			finishedBlob.Hash[:12]+"...",
-			humanize.Bytes(uint64(finishedBlob.Compressed)))
-	}
-
-	if !blobExists {
-		if err := s.storage.PutWithProgress(ctx, blobPath, blobWithReader.Reader, finishedBlob.Compressed, progressCallback); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("uploading blob %s to storage: %w", finishedBlob.Hash, err)
-		}
-
-		uploadDuration := time.Since(startTime)
-
-		// Calculate upload speed
-		uploadSpeedBps := float64(finishedBlob.Compressed) / uploadDuration.Seconds()
-
-		// Print blob stored message
-		fmt.Printf("Blob stored: %s (%s, %s/sec, %s)\n",
-			finishedBlob.Hash[:12]+"...",
-			humanize.Bytes(uint64(finishedBlob.Compressed)),
-			humanize.Bytes(uint64(uploadSpeedBps)),
-			uploadDuration.Round(time.Millisecond))
-
-		// Log upload stats
-		uploadSpeedBits := uploadSpeedBps * 8 // bits per second
-		log.Info("Successfully uploaded blob to storage",
-			"path", blobPath,
-			"size", humanize.Bytes(uint64(finishedBlob.Compressed)),
-			"duration", uploadDuration,
-			"speed", humanize.SI(uploadSpeedBits, "bps"))
-
-		// Report upload complete
-		if s.progress != nil {
-			s.progress.ReportUploadComplete(finishedBlob.Hash, finishedBlob.Compressed, uploadDuration)
-		}
-
-		// Update progress after upload completes
-		if s.progress != nil {
-			stats := s.progress.GetStats()
-			stats.BlobsUploaded.Add(1)
-			stats.BytesUploaded.Add(finishedBlob.Compressed)
-		}
-	}
-
-	// Store metadata in database (after upload is complete)
-	dbCtx := s.scanCtx
-	if dbCtx == nil {
-		dbCtx = context.Background()
-	}
-
-	// Parse blob ID for typed operations
 	finishedBlobID, err := types.ParseBlobID(finishedBlob.ID)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("parsing finished blob ID: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	// Track upload duration (0 if blob already existed)
 	uploadDuration := time.Since(startTime)
 
-	err = s.repos.WithTx(dbCtx, func(ctx context.Context, tx *sql.Tx) error {
+	return s.repos.WithTx(ctx, func(txCtx context.Context, tx *sql.Tx) error {
-		// Update blob upload timestamp
+		if err := s.repos.Blobs.UpdateUploaded(txCtx, tx, finishedBlob.ID); err != nil {
-		if err := s.repos.Blobs.UpdateUploaded(ctx, tx, finishedBlob.ID); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("updating blob upload timestamp: %w", err)
 		}
 
-		// Add the blob to the snapshot
+		if err := s.repos.Snapshots.AddBlob(txCtx, tx, s.snapshotID, finishedBlobID, types.BlobHash(finishedBlob.Hash)); err != nil {
-		if err := s.repos.Snapshots.AddBlob(ctx, tx, s.snapshotID, finishedBlobID, types.BlobHash(finishedBlob.Hash)); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("adding blob to snapshot: %w", err)
 		}
 
-		// Record upload metrics (only for actual uploads, not deduplicated blobs)
 		if !blobExists {
 			upload := &database.Upload{
 				BlobHash:   finishedBlob.Hash,
@@ -1061,15 +1063,17 @@ func (s *Scanner) handleBlobReady(blobWithReader *blob.BlobWithReader) error {
 				Size:       finishedBlob.Compressed,
 				DurationMs: uploadDuration.Milliseconds(),
 			}
-			if err := s.repos.Uploads.Create(ctx, tx, upload); err != nil {
+			if err := s.repos.Uploads.Create(txCtx, tx, upload); err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("recording upload metrics: %w", err)
 			}
 		}
 
 		return nil
 	})
+}
 
-	// Cleanup temp file if needed
+// cleanupBlobTempFile closes and removes the blob's temporary file
+func (s *Scanner) cleanupBlobTempFile(blobWithReader *blob.BlobWithReader) {
 	if blobWithReader.TempFile != nil {
 		tempName := blobWithReader.TempFile.Name()
 		if err := blobWithReader.TempFile.Close(); err != nil {
@@ -1079,77 +1083,41 @@ func (s *Scanner) handleBlobReady(blobWithReader *blob.BlobWithReader) error {
 			log.Fatal("Failed to remove temp file", "file", tempName, "error", err)
 		}
 	}
+}
 
-	if err != nil {
+// streamingChunkInfo tracks chunk metadata collected during streaming
-		return err
+type streamingChunkInfo struct {
-	}
+	fileChunk database.FileChunk
-
+	offset    int64
-	// Chunks from this blob are now committed to DB - remove from pending set
+	size      int64
-	log.Debug("handleBlobReady: removing pending chunk hashes")
-	s.removePendingChunkHashes(blobWithReader.InsertedChunkHashes)
-	log.Debug("handleBlobReady: removed pending chunk hashes")
-
-	// Flush files whose chunks are now all committed
-	// This maintains database consistency after each blob
-	log.Debug("handleBlobReady: calling flushCompletedPendingFiles")
-	if err := s.flushCompletedPendingFiles(dbCtx); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("flushing completed files: %w", err)
-	}
-	log.Debug("handleBlobReady: flushCompletedPendingFiles returned")
-
-	log.Debug("handleBlobReady: complete")
-	return nil
 }
 
 // processFileStreaming processes a file by streaming chunks directly to the packer
 func (s *Scanner) processFileStreaming(ctx context.Context, fileToProcess *FileToProcess, result *ScanResult) error {
-	// Open the file
 	file, err := s.fs.Open(fileToProcess.Path)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("opening file: %w", err)
 	}
 	defer func() { _ = file.Close() }()
 
-	// We'll collect file chunks for database storage
+	var chunks []streamingChunkInfo
-	// but process them for packing as we go
-	type chunkInfo struct {
-		fileChunk database.FileChunk
-		offset    int64
-		size      int64
-	}
-	var chunks []chunkInfo
 	chunkIndex := 0
 
-	// Process chunks in streaming fashion and get full file hash
 	fileHash, err := s.chunker.ChunkReaderStreaming(file, func(chunk chunker.Chunk) error {
-		// Check for cancellation
 		select {
 		case <-ctx.Done():
 			return ctx.Err()
 		default:
 		}
 
-		log.Debug("Processing content-defined chunk from file",
-			"file", fileToProcess.Path,
-			"chunk_index", chunkIndex,
-			"hash", chunk.Hash,
-			"size", chunk.Size)
-
-		// Check if chunk already exists (fast in-memory lookup)
 		chunkExists := s.chunkExists(chunk.Hash)
-
-		// Queue new chunks for batch insert when blob finalizes
-		// This dramatically reduces transaction overhead
 		if !chunkExists {
 			s.packer.AddPendingChunk(chunk.Hash, chunk.Size)
-			// Add to in-memory cache immediately for fast duplicate detection
 			s.addKnownChunk(chunk.Hash)
-			// Track as pending until blob finalizes and commits to DB
 			s.addPendingChunkHash(chunk.Hash)
 		}
 
-		// Track file chunk association for later storage
+		chunks = append(chunks, streamingChunkInfo{
-		chunks = append(chunks, chunkInfo{
 			fileChunk: database.FileChunk{
 				FileID:    fileToProcess.File.ID,
 				Idx:       chunkIndex,
@@ -1159,55 +1127,15 @@ func (s *Scanner) processFileStreaming(ctx context.Context, fileToProcess *FileT
 			size:   chunk.Size,
 		})
 
-		// Update stats
+		s.updateChunkStats(chunkExists, chunk.Size, result)
-		if chunkExists {
-			result.FilesSkipped++ // Track as skipped for now
-			result.BytesSkipped += chunk.Size
-			if s.progress != nil {
-				s.progress.GetStats().BytesSkipped.Add(chunk.Size)
-			}
-		} else {
-			result.ChunksCreated++
-			result.BytesScanned += chunk.Size
-			if s.progress != nil {
-				s.progress.GetStats().ChunksCreated.Add(1)
-				s.progress.GetStats().BytesProcessed.Add(chunk.Size)
-				s.progress.UpdateChunkingActivity()
-			}
-		}
 
-		// Add chunk to packer immediately (streaming)
-		// This happens outside the database transaction
 		if !chunkExists {
-			s.packerMu.Lock()
+			if err := s.addChunkToPacker(chunk); err != nil {
-			err := s.packer.AddChunk(&blob.ChunkRef{
+				return err
-				Hash: chunk.Hash,
-				Data: chunk.Data,
-			})
-			if err == blob.ErrBlobSizeLimitExceeded {
-				// Finalize current blob and retry
-				if err := s.packer.FinalizeBlob(); err != nil {
-					s.packerMu.Unlock()
-					return fmt.Errorf("finalizing blob: %w", err)
 			}
-				// Retry adding the chunk
-				if err := s.packer.AddChunk(&blob.ChunkRef{
-					Hash: chunk.Hash,
-					Data: chunk.Data,
-				}); err != nil {
-					s.packerMu.Unlock()
-					return fmt.Errorf("adding chunk after finalize: %w", err)
-				}
-			} else if err != nil {
-				s.packerMu.Unlock()
-				return fmt.Errorf("adding chunk to packer: %w", err)
-			}
-			s.packerMu.Unlock()
 		}
 
-		// Clear chunk data from memory immediately after use
 		chunk.Data = nil
-
 		chunkIndex++
 		return nil
 	})
@@ -1217,12 +1145,54 @@ func (s *Scanner) processFileStreaming(ctx context.Context, fileToProcess *FileT
 	}
 
 	log.Debug("Completed snapshotting file",
-		"path", fileToProcess.Path,
+		"path", fileToProcess.Path, "file_hash", fileHash, "chunks", len(chunks))
-		"file_hash", fileHash,
-		"chunks", len(chunks))
 
-	// Build file data for batch insertion
+	s.queueFileForBatchInsert(ctx, fileToProcess, chunks)
-	// Update chunk associations with the file ID
+	return nil
+}
+
+// updateChunkStats updates scan result and progress stats for a processed chunk
+func (s *Scanner) updateChunkStats(chunkExists bool, chunkSize int64, result *ScanResult) {
+	if chunkExists {
+		result.FilesSkipped++
+		result.BytesSkipped += chunkSize
+		if s.progress != nil {
+			s.progress.GetStats().BytesSkipped.Add(chunkSize)
+		}
+	} else {
+		result.ChunksCreated++
+		result.BytesScanned += chunkSize
+		if s.progress != nil {
+			s.progress.GetStats().ChunksCreated.Add(1)
+			s.progress.GetStats().BytesProcessed.Add(chunkSize)
+			s.progress.UpdateChunkingActivity()
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// addChunkToPacker adds a chunk to the blob packer, finalizing the current blob if needed
+func (s *Scanner) addChunkToPacker(chunk chunker.Chunk) error {
+	s.packerMu.Lock()
+	err := s.packer.AddChunk(&blob.ChunkRef{Hash: chunk.Hash, Data: chunk.Data})
+	if err == blob.ErrBlobSizeLimitExceeded {
+		if err := s.packer.FinalizeBlob(); err != nil {
+			s.packerMu.Unlock()
+			return fmt.Errorf("finalizing blob: %w", err)
+		}
+		if err := s.packer.AddChunk(&blob.ChunkRef{Hash: chunk.Hash, Data: chunk.Data}); err != nil {
+			s.packerMu.Unlock()
+			return fmt.Errorf("adding chunk after finalize: %w", err)
+		}
+	} else if err != nil {
+		s.packerMu.Unlock()
+		return fmt.Errorf("adding chunk to packer: %w", err)
+	}
+	s.packerMu.Unlock()
+	return nil
+}
+
+// queueFileForBatchInsert builds file/chunk associations and queues the file for batch DB insert
+func (s *Scanner) queueFileForBatchInsert(ctx context.Context, fileToProcess *FileToProcess, chunks []streamingChunkInfo) {
 	fileChunks := make([]database.FileChunk, len(chunks))
 	chunkFiles := make([]database.ChunkFile, len(chunks))
 	for i, ci := range chunks {
@@ -1239,14 +1209,11 @@ func (s *Scanner) processFileStreaming(ctx context.Context, fileToProcess *FileT
 		}
 	}
 
-	// Queue file for batch insertion
-	// Files will be flushed when their chunks are committed (after blob finalize)
 	s.addPendingFile(ctx, pendingFileData{
 		file:       fileToProcess.File,
 		fileChunks: fileChunks,
 		chunkFiles: chunkFiles,
 	})
-	return nil
 }
 
 // GetProgress returns the progress reporter for this scanner

internal/vaultik/info.go

@@ -151,7 +151,6 @@ type RemoteInfoResult struct {
 func (v *Vaultik) RemoteInfo(jsonOutput bool) error {
 	result := &RemoteInfoResult{}
 
-	// Get storage info
 	storageInfo := v.Storage.Info()
 	result.StorageType = storageInfo.Type
 	result.StorageLocation = storageInfo.Location
@@ -161,23 +160,46 @@ func (v *Vaultik) RemoteInfo(jsonOutput bool) error {
 		v.printfStdout("Type:     %s\n", storageInfo.Type)
 		v.printfStdout("Location: %s\n", storageInfo.Location)
 		v.printlnStdout()
-	}
-
-	// List all snapshot metadata
-	if !jsonOutput {
 		v.printfStdout("Scanning snapshot metadata...\n")
 	}
 
+	snapshotMetadata, snapshotIDs, err := v.collectSnapshotMetadata()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if !jsonOutput {
+		v.printfStdout("Downloading %d manifest(s)...\n", len(snapshotIDs))
+	}
+
+	referencedBlobs := v.collectReferencedBlobsFromManifests(snapshotIDs, snapshotMetadata)
+
+	v.populateRemoteInfoResult(result, snapshotMetadata, snapshotIDs, referencedBlobs)
+
+	if err := v.scanRemoteBlobStorage(result, referencedBlobs, jsonOutput); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if jsonOutput {
+		enc := json.NewEncoder(v.Stdout)
+		enc.SetIndent("", "  ")
+		return enc.Encode(result)
+	}
+
+	v.printRemoteInfoTable(result)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// collectSnapshotMetadata scans remote metadata and returns per-snapshot info and sorted IDs
+func (v *Vaultik) collectSnapshotMetadata() (map[string]*SnapshotMetadataInfo, []string, error) {
 	snapshotMetadata := make(map[string]*SnapshotMetadataInfo)
 
-	// Collect metadata files
 	metadataCh := v.Storage.ListStream(v.ctx, "metadata/")
 	for obj := range metadataCh {
 		if obj.Err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("listing metadata: %w", obj.Err)
+			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("listing metadata: %w", obj.Err)
 		}
 
-		// Parse key: metadata/<snapshot-id>/<filename>
 		parts := strings.Split(obj.Key, "/")
 		if len(parts) < 3 {
 			continue
@@ -185,14 +207,11 @@ func (v *Vaultik) RemoteInfo(jsonOutput bool) error {
 		snapshotID := parts[1]
 
 		if _, exists := snapshotMetadata[snapshotID]; !exists {
-			snapshotMetadata[snapshotID] = &SnapshotMetadataInfo{
+			snapshotMetadata[snapshotID] = &SnapshotMetadataInfo{SnapshotID: snapshotID}
-				SnapshotID: snapshotID,
-			}
 		}
 
 		info := snapshotMetadata[snapshotID]
 		filename := parts[2]
-
 		if strings.HasPrefix(filename, "manifest") {
 			info.ManifestSize = obj.Size
 		} else if strings.HasPrefix(filename, "db") {
@@ -201,19 +220,18 @@ func (v *Vaultik) RemoteInfo(jsonOutput bool) error {
 		info.TotalSize = info.ManifestSize + info.DatabaseSize
 	}
 
-	// Sort snapshots by ID for consistent output
 	var snapshotIDs []string
 	for id := range snapshotMetadata {
 		snapshotIDs = append(snapshotIDs, id)
 	}
 	sort.Strings(snapshotIDs)
 
-	// Download and parse all manifests to get referenced blobs
+	return snapshotMetadata, snapshotIDs, nil
-	if !jsonOutput {
+}
-		v.printfStdout("Downloading %d manifest(s)...\n", len(snapshotIDs))
-	}
 
-	referencedBlobs := make(map[string]int64) // hash -> compressed size
+// collectReferencedBlobsFromManifests downloads manifests and returns referenced blob hashes with sizes
+func (v *Vaultik) collectReferencedBlobsFromManifests(snapshotIDs []string, snapshotMetadata map[string]*SnapshotMetadataInfo) map[string]int64 {
+	referencedBlobs := make(map[string]int64)
 
 	for _, snapshotID := range snapshotIDs {
 		manifestKey := fmt.Sprintf("metadata/%s/manifest.json.zst", snapshotID)
@@ -230,10 +248,8 @@ func (v *Vaultik) RemoteInfo(jsonOutput bool) error {
 			continue
 		}
 
-		// Record blob info from manifest
 		info := snapshotMetadata[snapshotID]
 		info.BlobCount = manifest.BlobCount
-
 		var blobsSize int64
 		for _, blob := range manifest.Blobs {
 			referencedBlobs[blob.Hash] = blob.CompressedSize
@@ -242,7 +258,11 @@ func (v *Vaultik) RemoteInfo(jsonOutput bool) error {
 		info.BlobsSize = blobsSize
 	}
 
-	// Build result snapshots
+	return referencedBlobs
+}
+
+// populateRemoteInfoResult fills in the result's snapshot and referenced blob stats
+func (v *Vaultik) populateRemoteInfoResult(result *RemoteInfoResult, snapshotMetadata map[string]*SnapshotMetadataInfo, snapshotIDs []string, referencedBlobs map[string]int64) {
 	var totalMetadataSize int64
 	for _, id := range snapshotIDs {
 		info := snapshotMetadata[id]
@@ -252,26 +272,25 @@ func (v *Vaultik) RemoteInfo(jsonOutput bool) error {
 	result.TotalMetadataSize = totalMetadataSize
 	result.TotalMetadataCount = len(snapshotIDs)
 
-	// Calculate referenced blob stats
 	for _, size := range referencedBlobs {
 		result.ReferencedBlobCount++
 		result.ReferencedBlobSize += size
 	}
+}
 
-	// List all blobs on remote
+// scanRemoteBlobStorage lists all blobs on remote and computes orphan stats
+func (v *Vaultik) scanRemoteBlobStorage(result *RemoteInfoResult, referencedBlobs map[string]int64, jsonOutput bool) error {
 	if !jsonOutput {
 		v.printfStdout("Scanning blobs...\n")
 	}
 
-	allBlobs := make(map[string]int64) // hash -> size from storage
-
 	blobCh := v.Storage.ListStream(v.ctx, "blobs/")
+	allBlobs := make(map[string]int64)
+
 	for obj := range blobCh {
 		if obj.Err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("listing blobs: %w", obj.Err)
 		}
-
-		// Extract hash from key: blobs/xx/yy/hash
 		parts := strings.Split(obj.Key, "/")
 		if len(parts) < 4 {
 			continue
@@ -282,7 +301,6 @@ func (v *Vaultik) RemoteInfo(jsonOutput bool) error {
 		result.TotalBlobSize += obj.Size
 	}
 
-	// Calculate orphaned blobs
 	for hash, size := range allBlobs {
 		if _, referenced := referencedBlobs[hash]; !referenced {
 			result.OrphanedBlobCount++
@@ -290,14 +308,11 @@ func (v *Vaultik) RemoteInfo(jsonOutput bool) error {
 		}
 	}
 
-	// Output results
+	return nil
-	if jsonOutput {
+}
-		enc := json.NewEncoder(v.Stdout)
-		enc.SetIndent("", "  ")
-		return enc.Encode(result)
-	}
 
-	// Human-readable output
+// printRemoteInfoTable renders the human-readable remote info output
+func (v *Vaultik) printRemoteInfoTable(result *RemoteInfoResult) {
 	v.printfStdout("\n=== Snapshot Metadata ===\n")
 	if len(result.Snapshots) == 0 {
 		v.printfStdout("No snapshots found\n")
@@ -320,20 +335,15 @@ func (v *Vaultik) RemoteInfo(jsonOutput bool) error {
 
 	v.printfStdout("\n=== Blob Storage ===\n")
 	v.printfStdout("Total blobs on remote:      %s (%s)\n",
-		humanize.Comma(int64(result.TotalBlobCount)),
+		humanize.Comma(int64(result.TotalBlobCount)), humanize.Bytes(uint64(result.TotalBlobSize)))
-		humanize.Bytes(uint64(result.TotalBlobSize)))
 	v.printfStdout("Referenced by snapshots:    %s (%s)\n",
-		humanize.Comma(int64(result.ReferencedBlobCount)),
+		humanize.Comma(int64(result.ReferencedBlobCount)), humanize.Bytes(uint64(result.ReferencedBlobSize)))
-		humanize.Bytes(uint64(result.ReferencedBlobSize)))
 	v.printfStdout("Orphaned (unreferenced):    %s (%s)\n",
-		humanize.Comma(int64(result.OrphanedBlobCount)),
+		humanize.Comma(int64(result.OrphanedBlobCount)), humanize.Bytes(uint64(result.OrphanedBlobSize)))
-		humanize.Bytes(uint64(result.OrphanedBlobSize)))
 
 	if result.OrphanedBlobCount > 0 {
 		v.printfStdout("\nRun 'vaultik prune --remote' to remove orphaned blobs.\n")
 	}
-
-	return nil
 }
 
 // truncateString truncates a string to maxLen, adding "..." if truncated

internal/vaultik/prune.go

@@ -27,95 +27,19 @@ type PruneBlobsResult struct {
 func (v *Vaultik) PruneBlobs(opts *PruneOptions) error {
 	log.Info("Starting prune operation")
 
-	// Get all remote snapshots and their manifests
+	allBlobsReferenced, err := v.collectReferencedBlobs()
-	allBlobsReferenced := make(map[string]bool)
-	manifestCount := 0
-
-	// List all snapshots in storage
-	log.Info("Listing remote snapshots")
-	objectCh := v.Storage.ListStream(v.ctx, "metadata/")
-
-	var snapshotIDs []string
-	for object := range objectCh {
-		if object.Err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("listing remote snapshots: %w", object.Err)
-		}
-
-		// Extract snapshot ID from paths like metadata/hostname-20240115-143052Z/
-		parts := strings.Split(object.Key, "/")
-		if len(parts) >= 2 && parts[0] == "metadata" && parts[1] != "" {
-			// Check if this is a directory by looking for trailing slash
-			if strings.HasSuffix(object.Key, "/") || strings.Contains(object.Key, "/manifest.json.zst") {
-				snapshotID := parts[1]
-				// Only add unique snapshot IDs
-				found := false
-				for _, id := range snapshotIDs {
-					if id == snapshotID {
-						found = true
-						break
-					}
-				}
-				if !found {
-					snapshotIDs = append(snapshotIDs, snapshotID)
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	log.Info("Found manifests in remote storage", "count", len(snapshotIDs))
-
-	// Download and parse each manifest to get referenced blobs
-	for _, snapshotID := range snapshotIDs {
-		log.Debug("Processing manifest", "snapshot_id", snapshotID)
-
-		manifest, err := v.downloadManifest(snapshotID)
 	if err != nil {
-			log.Error("Failed to download manifest", "snapshot_id", snapshotID, "error", err)
+		return err
-			continue
 	}
 
-		// Add all blobs from this manifest to our referenced set
+	allBlobs, err := v.listAllRemoteBlobs()
-		for _, blob := range manifest.Blobs {
+	if err != nil {
-			allBlobsReferenced[blob.Hash] = true
+		return err
-		}
-		manifestCount++
 	}
 
-	log.Info("Processed manifests", "count", manifestCount, "unique_blobs_referenced", len(allBlobsReferenced))
+	unreferencedBlobs, totalSize := v.findUnreferencedBlobs(allBlobs, allBlobsReferenced)
 
-	// List all blobs in storage
+	result := &PruneBlobsResult{BlobsFound: len(unreferencedBlobs)}
-	log.Info("Listing all blobs in storage")
-	allBlobs := make(map[string]int64) // hash -> size
-	blobObjectCh := v.Storage.ListStream(v.ctx, "blobs/")
-
-	for object := range blobObjectCh {
-		if object.Err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("listing blobs: %w", object.Err)
-		}
-
-		// Extract hash from path like blobs/ab/cd/abcdef123456...
-		parts := strings.Split(object.Key, "/")
-		if len(parts) == 4 && parts[0] == "blobs" {
-			hash := parts[3]
-			allBlobs[hash] = object.Size
-		}
-	}
-
-	log.Info("Found blobs in storage", "count", len(allBlobs))
-
-	// Find unreferenced blobs
-	var unreferencedBlobs []string
-	var totalSize int64
-	for hash, size := range allBlobs {
-		if !allBlobsReferenced[hash] {
-			unreferencedBlobs = append(unreferencedBlobs, hash)
-			totalSize += size
-		}
-	}
-
-	result := &PruneBlobsResult{
-		BlobsFound: len(unreferencedBlobs),
-	}
 
 	if len(unreferencedBlobs) == 0 {
 		log.Info("No unreferenced blobs found")
@@ -126,18 +50,15 @@ func (v *Vaultik) PruneBlobs(opts *PruneOptions) error {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	// Show what will be deleted
 	log.Info("Found unreferenced blobs", "count", len(unreferencedBlobs), "total_size", humanize.Bytes(uint64(totalSize)))
 	if !opts.JSON {
 		v.printfStdout("Found %d unreferenced blob(s) totaling %s\n", len(unreferencedBlobs), humanize.Bytes(uint64(totalSize)))
 	}
 
-	// Confirm unless --force is used (skip in JSON mode - require --force)
 	if !opts.Force && !opts.JSON {
 		v.printfStdout("\nDelete %d unreferenced blob(s)? [y/N] ", len(unreferencedBlobs))
 		var confirm string
 		if _, err := v.scanStdin(&confirm); err != nil {
-			// Treat EOF or error as "no"
 			v.printlnStdout("Cancelled")
 			return nil
 		}
@@ -147,10 +68,109 @@ func (v *Vaultik) PruneBlobs(opts *PruneOptions) error {
 		}
 	}
 
-	// Delete unreferenced blobs
+	v.deleteUnreferencedBlobs(unreferencedBlobs, allBlobs, result)
+
+	if opts.JSON {
+		return v.outputPruneBlobsJSON(result)
+	}
+
+	v.printfStdout("\nDeleted %d blob(s) totaling %s\n", result.BlobsDeleted, humanize.Bytes(uint64(result.BytesFreed)))
+	if result.BlobsFailed > 0 {
+		v.printfStdout("Failed to delete %d blob(s)\n", result.BlobsFailed)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// collectReferencedBlobs downloads all manifests and returns the set of referenced blob hashes
+func (v *Vaultik) collectReferencedBlobs() (map[string]bool, error) {
+	log.Info("Listing remote snapshots")
+	snapshotIDs, err := v.listUniqueSnapshotIDs()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("listing snapshot IDs: %w", err)
+	}
+	log.Info("Found manifests in remote storage", "count", len(snapshotIDs))
+
+	allBlobsReferenced := make(map[string]bool)
+	manifestCount := 0
+
+	for _, snapshotID := range snapshotIDs {
+		log.Debug("Processing manifest", "snapshot_id", snapshotID)
+		manifest, err := v.downloadManifest(snapshotID)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Error("Failed to download manifest", "snapshot_id", snapshotID, "error", err)
+			continue
+		}
+		for _, blob := range manifest.Blobs {
+			allBlobsReferenced[blob.Hash] = true
+		}
+		manifestCount++
+	}
+
+	log.Info("Processed manifests", "count", manifestCount, "unique_blobs_referenced", len(allBlobsReferenced))
+	return allBlobsReferenced, nil
+}
+
+// listUniqueSnapshotIDs returns deduplicated snapshot IDs from remote metadata
+func (v *Vaultik) listUniqueSnapshotIDs() ([]string, error) {
+	objectCh := v.Storage.ListStream(v.ctx, "metadata/")
+	seen := make(map[string]bool)
+	var snapshotIDs []string
+
+	for object := range objectCh {
+		if object.Err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("listing metadata objects: %w", object.Err)
+		}
+		parts := strings.Split(object.Key, "/")
+		if len(parts) >= 2 && parts[0] == "metadata" && parts[1] != "" {
+			if strings.HasSuffix(object.Key, "/") || strings.Contains(object.Key, "/manifest.json.zst") {
+				snapshotID := parts[1]
+				if !seen[snapshotID] {
+					seen[snapshotID] = true
+					snapshotIDs = append(snapshotIDs, snapshotID)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return snapshotIDs, nil
+}
+
+// listAllRemoteBlobs returns a map of all blob hashes to their sizes in remote storage
+func (v *Vaultik) listAllRemoteBlobs() (map[string]int64, error) {
+	log.Info("Listing all blobs in storage")
+	allBlobs := make(map[string]int64)
+	blobObjectCh := v.Storage.ListStream(v.ctx, "blobs/")
+
+	for object := range blobObjectCh {
+		if object.Err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("listing blobs: %w", object.Err)
+		}
+		parts := strings.Split(object.Key, "/")
+		if len(parts) == 4 && parts[0] == "blobs" {
+			allBlobs[parts[3]] = object.Size
+		}
+	}
+
+	log.Info("Found blobs in storage", "count", len(allBlobs))
+	return allBlobs, nil
+}
+
+// findUnreferencedBlobs returns blob hashes not referenced by any manifest and their total size
+func (v *Vaultik) findUnreferencedBlobs(allBlobs map[string]int64, referenced map[string]bool) ([]string, int64) {
+	var unreferenced []string
+	var totalSize int64
+	for hash, size := range allBlobs {
+		if !referenced[hash] {
+			unreferenced = append(unreferenced, hash)
+			totalSize += size
+		}
+	}
+	return unreferenced, totalSize
+}
+
+// deleteUnreferencedBlobs deletes the given blobs from storage and populates the result
+func (v *Vaultik) deleteUnreferencedBlobs(unreferencedBlobs []string, allBlobs map[string]int64, result *PruneBlobsResult) {
 	log.Info("Deleting unreferenced blobs")
-	deletedCount := 0
-	deletedSize := int64(0)
 
 	for i, hash := range unreferencedBlobs {
 		blobPath := fmt.Sprintf("blobs/%s/%s/%s", hash[:2], hash[2:4], hash)
@@ -160,10 +180,9 @@ func (v *Vaultik) PruneBlobs(opts *PruneOptions) error {
 			continue
 		}
 
-		deletedCount++
+		result.BlobsDeleted++
-		deletedSize += allBlobs[hash]
+		result.BytesFreed += allBlobs[hash]
 
-		// Progress update every 100 blobs
 		if (i+1)%100 == 0 || i == len(unreferencedBlobs)-1 {
 			log.Info("Deletion progress",
 				"deleted", i+1,
@@ -173,26 +192,13 @@ func (v *Vaultik) PruneBlobs(opts *PruneOptions) error {
 		}
 	}
 
-	result.BlobsDeleted = deletedCount
+	result.BlobsFailed = len(unreferencedBlobs) - result.BlobsDeleted
-	result.BlobsFailed = len(unreferencedBlobs) - deletedCount
-	result.BytesFreed = deletedSize
 
 	log.Info("Prune complete",
-		"deleted_count", deletedCount,
+		"deleted_count", result.BlobsDeleted,
-		"deleted_size", humanize.Bytes(uint64(deletedSize)),
+		"deleted_size", humanize.Bytes(uint64(result.BytesFreed)),
-		"failed", len(unreferencedBlobs)-deletedCount,
+		"failed", result.BlobsFailed,
 	)
-
-	if opts.JSON {
-		return v.outputPruneBlobsJSON(result)
-	}
-
-	v.printfStdout("\nDeleted %d blob(s) totaling %s\n", deletedCount, humanize.Bytes(uint64(deletedSize)))
-	if deletedCount < len(unreferencedBlobs) {
-		v.printfStdout("Failed to delete %d blob(s)\n", len(unreferencedBlobs)-deletedCount)
-	}
-
-	return nil
 }
 
 // outputPruneBlobsJSON outputs the prune result as JSON

internal/vaultik/snapshot.go

@@ -111,40 +111,34 @@ func (v *Vaultik) CreateSnapshot(opts *SnapshotCreateOptions) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// snapshotStats tracks aggregate statistics across directory scans
+type snapshotStats struct {
+	totalFiles         int
+	totalBytes         int64
+	totalChunks        int
+	totalBlobs         int
+	totalBytesSkipped  int64
+	totalFilesSkipped  int
+	totalFilesDeleted  int
+	totalBytesDeleted  int64
+	totalBytesUploaded int64
+	totalBlobsUploaded int
+	uploadDuration     time.Duration
+}
+
 // createNamedSnapshot creates a single named snapshot
 func (v *Vaultik) createNamedSnapshot(opts *SnapshotCreateOptions, hostname, snapName string, idx, total int) error {
 	snapshotStartTime := time.Now()
 
-	snapConfig := v.Config.Snapshots[snapName]
-
 	if total > 1 {
 		v.printfStdout("\n=== Snapshot %d/%d: %s ===\n", idx, total, snapName)
 	}
 
-	// Resolve source directories to absolute paths
+	resolvedDirs, err := v.resolveSnapshotPaths(snapName)
-	resolvedDirs := make([]string, 0, len(snapConfig.Paths))
-	for _, dir := range snapConfig.Paths {
-		absPath, err := filepath.Abs(dir)
 	if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to resolve absolute path for %s: %w", dir, err)
+		return err
 	}
 
-		// Resolve symlinks
-		resolvedPath, err := filepath.EvalSymlinks(absPath)
-		if err != nil {
-			// If the path doesn't exist yet, use the absolute path
-			if os.IsNotExist(err) {
-				resolvedPath = absPath
-			} else {
-				return fmt.Errorf("failed to resolve symlinks for %s: %w", absPath, err)
-			}
-		}
-
-		resolvedDirs = append(resolvedDirs, resolvedPath)
-	}
-
-	// Create scanner with progress enabled (unless in cron mode)
-	// Pass the combined excludes for this snapshot
 	scanner := v.ScannerFactory(snapshot.ScannerParams{
 		EnableProgress: !opts.Cron,
 		Fs:             v.Fs,
@@ -152,20 +146,6 @@ func (v *Vaultik) createNamedSnapshot(opts *SnapshotCreateOptions, hostname, sna
 		SkipErrors:     opts.SkipErrors,
 	})
 
-	// Statistics tracking
-	totalFiles := 0
-	totalBytes := int64(0)
-	totalChunks := 0
-	totalBlobs := 0
-	totalBytesSkipped := int64(0)
-	totalFilesSkipped := 0
-	totalFilesDeleted := 0
-	totalBytesDeleted := int64(0)
-	totalBytesUploaded := int64(0)
-	totalBlobsUploaded := 0
-	uploadDuration := time.Duration(0)
-
-	// Create a new snapshot at the beginning (with snapshot name in ID)
 	snapshotID, err := v.SnapshotManager.CreateSnapshotWithName(v.ctx, hostname, snapName, v.Globals.Version, v.Globals.Commit)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("creating snapshot: %w", err)
@@ -173,12 +153,56 @@ func (v *Vaultik) createNamedSnapshot(opts *SnapshotCreateOptions, hostname, sna
 	log.Info("Beginning snapshot", "snapshot_id", snapshotID, "name", snapName)
 	v.printfStdout("Beginning snapshot: %s\n", snapshotID)
 
+	stats, err := v.scanAllDirectories(scanner, resolvedDirs, snapshotID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	v.collectUploadStats(scanner, stats)
+
+	if err := v.finalizeSnapshotMetadata(snapshotID, stats); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	v.printSnapshotSummary(snapshotID, snapshotStartTime, stats)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// resolveSnapshotPaths resolves source directories to absolute paths with symlink resolution
+func (v *Vaultik) resolveSnapshotPaths(snapName string) ([]string, error) {
+	snapConfig := v.Config.Snapshots[snapName]
+	resolvedDirs := make([]string, 0, len(snapConfig.Paths))
+
+	for _, dir := range snapConfig.Paths {
+		absPath, err := filepath.Abs(dir)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to resolve absolute path for %s: %w", dir, err)
+		}
+
+		resolvedPath, err := filepath.EvalSymlinks(absPath)
+		if err != nil {
+			if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+				resolvedPath = absPath
+			} else {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to resolve symlinks for %s: %w", absPath, err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		resolvedDirs = append(resolvedDirs, resolvedPath)
+	}
+
+	return resolvedDirs, nil
+}
+
+// scanAllDirectories runs the scanner on each resolved directory and accumulates stats
+func (v *Vaultik) scanAllDirectories(scanner *snapshot.Scanner, resolvedDirs []string, snapshotID string) (*snapshotStats, error) {
+	stats := &snapshotStats{}
+
 	for i, dir := range resolvedDirs {
-		// Check if context is cancelled
 		select {
 		case <-v.ctx.Done():
 			log.Info("Snapshot creation cancelled")
-			return v.ctx.Err()
+			return nil, v.ctx.Err()
 		default:
 		}
 
@@ -186,17 +210,17 @@ func (v *Vaultik) createNamedSnapshot(opts *SnapshotCreateOptions, hostname, sna
 		v.printfStdout("Beginning directory scan (%d/%d): %s\n", i+1, len(resolvedDirs), dir)
 		result, err := scanner.Scan(v.ctx, dir, snapshotID)
 		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to scan %s: %w", dir, err)
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to scan %s: %w", dir, err)
 		}
 
-		totalFiles += result.FilesScanned
+		stats.totalFiles += result.FilesScanned
-		totalBytes += result.BytesScanned
+		stats.totalBytes += result.BytesScanned
-		totalChunks += result.ChunksCreated
+		stats.totalChunks += result.ChunksCreated
-		totalBlobs += result.BlobsCreated
+		stats.totalBlobs += result.BlobsCreated
-		totalFilesSkipped += result.FilesSkipped
+		stats.totalFilesSkipped += result.FilesSkipped
-		totalBytesSkipped += result.BytesSkipped
+		stats.totalBytesSkipped += result.BytesSkipped
-		totalFilesDeleted += result.FilesDeleted
+		stats.totalFilesDeleted += result.FilesDeleted
-		totalBytesDeleted += result.BytesDeleted
+		stats.totalBytesDeleted += result.BytesDeleted
 
 		log.Info("Directory scan complete",
 			"path", dir,
@@ -207,85 +231,79 @@ func (v *Vaultik) createNamedSnapshot(opts *SnapshotCreateOptions, hostname, sna
 			"chunks", result.ChunksCreated,
 			"blobs", result.BlobsCreated,
 			"duration", result.EndTime.Sub(result.StartTime))
-
-		// Remove per-directory summary - the scanner already prints its own summary
 	}
 
-	// Get upload statistics from scanner progress if available
+	return stats, nil
+}
+
+// collectUploadStats gathers upload statistics from the scanner's progress reporter
+func (v *Vaultik) collectUploadStats(scanner *snapshot.Scanner, stats *snapshotStats) {
 	if s := scanner.GetProgress(); s != nil {
-		stats := s.GetStats()
+		progressStats := s.GetStats()
-		totalBytesUploaded = stats.BytesUploaded.Load()
+		stats.totalBytesUploaded = progressStats.BytesUploaded.Load()
-		totalBlobsUploaded = int(stats.BlobsUploaded.Load())
+		stats.totalBlobsUploaded = int(progressStats.BlobsUploaded.Load())
-		uploadDuration = time.Duration(stats.UploadDurationMs.Load()) * time.Millisecond
+		stats.uploadDuration = time.Duration(progressStats.UploadDurationMs.Load()) * time.Millisecond
 	}
+}
 
-	// Update snapshot statistics with extended fields
+// finalizeSnapshotMetadata updates stats, marks complete, and exports metadata
+func (v *Vaultik) finalizeSnapshotMetadata(snapshotID string, stats *snapshotStats) error {
 	extStats := snapshot.ExtendedBackupStats{
 		BackupStats: snapshot.BackupStats{
-			FilesScanned:  totalFiles,
+			FilesScanned:  stats.totalFiles,
-			BytesScanned:  totalBytes,
+			BytesScanned:  stats.totalBytes,
-			ChunksCreated: totalChunks,
+			ChunksCreated: stats.totalChunks,
-			BlobsCreated:  totalBlobs,
+			BlobsCreated:  stats.totalBlobs,
-			BytesUploaded: totalBytesUploaded,
+			BytesUploaded: stats.totalBytesUploaded,
 		},
-		BlobUncompressedSize: 0, // Will be set from database query below
+		BlobUncompressedSize: 0,
 		CompressionLevel:     v.Config.CompressionLevel,
-		UploadDurationMs:     uploadDuration.Milliseconds(),
+		UploadDurationMs:     stats.uploadDuration.Milliseconds(),
 	}
 
 	if err := v.SnapshotManager.UpdateSnapshotStatsExtended(v.ctx, snapshotID, extStats); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("updating snapshot stats: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	// Mark snapshot as complete
 	if err := v.SnapshotManager.CompleteSnapshot(v.ctx, snapshotID); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("completing snapshot: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	// Export snapshot metadata
-	// Export snapshot metadata without closing the database
-	// The export function should handle its own database connection
 	if err := v.SnapshotManager.ExportSnapshotMetadata(v.ctx, v.Config.IndexPath, snapshotID); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("exporting snapshot metadata: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	// Calculate final statistics
+	return nil
-	snapshotDuration := time.Since(snapshotStartTime)
+}
-	totalFilesChanged := totalFiles - totalFilesSkipped
-	totalBytesChanged := totalBytes
-	totalBytesAll := totalBytes + totalBytesSkipped
 
-	// Calculate upload speed
+// formatUploadSpeed formats bytes uploaded and duration into a human-readable speed string
-	var avgUploadSpeed string
+func formatUploadSpeed(bytesUploaded int64, duration time.Duration) string {
-	if totalBytesUploaded > 0 && uploadDuration > 0 {
+	if bytesUploaded <= 0 || duration <= 0 {
-		bytesPerSec := float64(totalBytesUploaded) / uploadDuration.Seconds()
+		return "N/A"
+	}
+	bytesPerSec := float64(bytesUploaded) / duration.Seconds()
 	bitsPerSec := bytesPerSec * 8
-		if bitsPerSec >= 1e9 {
+	switch {
-			avgUploadSpeed = fmt.Sprintf("%.1f Gbit/s", bitsPerSec/1e9)
+	case bitsPerSec >= 1e9:
-		} else if bitsPerSec >= 1e6 {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%.1f Gbit/s", bitsPerSec/1e9)
-			avgUploadSpeed = fmt.Sprintf("%.0f Mbit/s", bitsPerSec/1e6)
+	case bitsPerSec >= 1e6:
-		} else if bitsPerSec >= 1e3 {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%.0f Mbit/s", bitsPerSec/1e6)
-			avgUploadSpeed = fmt.Sprintf("%.0f Kbit/s", bitsPerSec/1e3)
+	case bitsPerSec >= 1e3:
-		} else {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%.0f Kbit/s", bitsPerSec/1e3)
-			avgUploadSpeed = fmt.Sprintf("%.0f bit/s", bitsPerSec)
+	default:
-		}
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%.0f bit/s", bitsPerSec)
-	} else {
-		avgUploadSpeed = "N/A"
 	}
+}
+
+// printSnapshotSummary prints the comprehensive snapshot completion summary
+func (v *Vaultik) printSnapshotSummary(snapshotID string, startTime time.Time, stats *snapshotStats) {
+	snapshotDuration := time.Since(startTime)
+	totalFilesChanged := stats.totalFiles - stats.totalFilesSkipped
+	totalBytesAll := stats.totalBytes + stats.totalBytesSkipped
 
 	// Get total blob sizes from database
-	totalBlobSizeCompressed := int64(0)
+	totalBlobSizeCompressed, totalBlobSizeUncompressed := v.getSnapshotBlobSizes(snapshotID)
-	totalBlobSizeUncompressed := int64(0)
-	if blobHashes, err := v.Repositories.Snapshots.GetBlobHashes(v.ctx, snapshotID); err == nil {
-		for _, hash := range blobHashes {
-			if blob, err := v.Repositories.Blobs.GetByHash(v.ctx, hash); err == nil && blob != nil {
-				totalBlobSizeCompressed += blob.CompressedSize
-				totalBlobSizeUncompressed += blob.UncompressedSize
-			}
-		}
-	}
 
-	// Calculate compression ratio
 	var compressionRatio float64
 	if totalBlobSizeUncompressed > 0 {
 		compressionRatio = float64(totalBlobSizeCompressed) / float64(totalBlobSizeUncompressed)
@@ -293,55 +311,95 @@ func (v *Vaultik) createNamedSnapshot(opts *SnapshotCreateOptions, hostname, sna
 		compressionRatio = 1.0
 	}
 
-	// Print comprehensive summary
 	v.printfStdout("=== Snapshot Complete ===\n")
 	v.printfStdout("ID: %s\n", snapshotID)
 	v.printfStdout("Files: %s examined, %s to process, %s unchanged",
-		formatNumber(totalFiles),
+		formatNumber(stats.totalFiles),
 		formatNumber(totalFilesChanged),
-		formatNumber(totalFilesSkipped))
+		formatNumber(stats.totalFilesSkipped))
-	if totalFilesDeleted > 0 {
+	if stats.totalFilesDeleted > 0 {
-		v.printfStdout(", %s deleted", formatNumber(totalFilesDeleted))
+		v.printfStdout(", %s deleted", formatNumber(stats.totalFilesDeleted))
 	}
 	v.printlnStdout()
 	v.printfStdout("Data: %s total (%s to process)",
 		humanize.Bytes(uint64(totalBytesAll)),
-		humanize.Bytes(uint64(totalBytesChanged)))
+		humanize.Bytes(uint64(stats.totalBytes)))
-	if totalBytesDeleted > 0 {
+	if stats.totalBytesDeleted > 0 {
-		v.printfStdout(", %s deleted", humanize.Bytes(uint64(totalBytesDeleted)))
+		v.printfStdout(", %s deleted", humanize.Bytes(uint64(stats.totalBytesDeleted)))
 	}
 	v.printlnStdout()
-	if totalBlobsUploaded > 0 {
+	if stats.totalBlobsUploaded > 0 {
 		v.printfStdout("Storage: %s compressed from %s (%.2fx)\n",
 			humanize.Bytes(uint64(totalBlobSizeCompressed)),
 			humanize.Bytes(uint64(totalBlobSizeUncompressed)),
 			compressionRatio)
 		v.printfStdout("Upload: %d blobs, %s in %s (%s)\n",
-			totalBlobsUploaded,
+			stats.totalBlobsUploaded,
-			humanize.Bytes(uint64(totalBytesUploaded)),
+			humanize.Bytes(uint64(stats.totalBytesUploaded)),
-			formatDuration(uploadDuration),
+			formatDuration(stats.uploadDuration),
-			avgUploadSpeed)
+			formatUploadSpeed(stats.totalBytesUploaded, stats.uploadDuration))
 	}
 	v.printfStdout("Duration: %s\n", formatDuration(snapshotDuration))
+}
 
-	return nil
+// getSnapshotBlobSizes returns total compressed and uncompressed blob sizes for a snapshot
+func (v *Vaultik) getSnapshotBlobSizes(snapshotID string) (compressed int64, uncompressed int64) {
+	blobHashes, err := v.Repositories.Snapshots.GetBlobHashes(v.ctx, snapshotID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, 0
+	}
+	for _, hash := range blobHashes {
+		if blob, err := v.Repositories.Blobs.GetByHash(v.ctx, hash); err == nil && blob != nil {
+			compressed += blob.CompressedSize
+			uncompressed += blob.UncompressedSize
+		}
+	}
+	return compressed, uncompressed
 }
 
 // ListSnapshots lists all snapshots
 func (v *Vaultik) ListSnapshots(jsonOutput bool) error {
-	// Get all remote snapshots
+	remoteSnapshots, err := v.listRemoteSnapshotIDs()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	localSnapshotMap, err := v.reconcileLocalWithRemote(remoteSnapshots)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	snapshots, err := v.buildSnapshotInfoList(remoteSnapshots, localSnapshotMap)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// Sort by timestamp (newest first)
+	sort.Slice(snapshots, func(i, j int) bool {
+		return snapshots[i].Timestamp.After(snapshots[j].Timestamp)
+	})
+
+	if jsonOutput {
+		encoder := json.NewEncoder(v.Stdout)
+		encoder.SetIndent("", "  ")
+		return encoder.Encode(snapshots)
+	}
+
+	return v.printSnapshotTable(snapshots)
+}
+
+// listRemoteSnapshotIDs returns a set of snapshot IDs found in remote storage
+func (v *Vaultik) listRemoteSnapshotIDs() (map[string]bool, error) {
 	remoteSnapshots := make(map[string]bool)
 	objectCh := v.Storage.ListStream(v.ctx, "metadata/")
 
 	for object := range objectCh {
 		if object.Err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("listing remote snapshots: %w", object.Err)
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("listing remote snapshots: %w", object.Err)
 		}
 
-		// Extract snapshot ID from paths like metadata/hostname-20240115-143052Z/
 		parts := strings.Split(object.Key, "/")
 		if len(parts) >= 2 && parts[0] == "metadata" && parts[1] != "" {
-			// Skip macOS resource fork files (._*) and other hidden files
 			if strings.HasPrefix(parts[1], ".") {
 				continue
 			}
@@ -349,56 +407,46 @@ func (v *Vaultik) ListSnapshots(jsonOutput bool) error {
 		}
 	}
 
-	// Get all local snapshots
+	return remoteSnapshots, nil
+}
+
+// reconcileLocalWithRemote removes local snapshots not in remote and returns the surviving local map
+func (v *Vaultik) reconcileLocalWithRemote(remoteSnapshots map[string]bool) (map[string]*database.Snapshot, error) {
 	localSnapshots, err := v.Repositories.Snapshots.ListRecent(v.ctx, 10000)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("listing local snapshots: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("listing local snapshots: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	// Build a map of local snapshots for quick lookup
 	localSnapshotMap := make(map[string]*database.Snapshot)
 	for _, s := range localSnapshots {
 		localSnapshotMap[s.ID.String()] = s
 	}
 
-	// Remove local snapshots that don't exist remotely
+	for _, snap := range localSnapshots {
-	for _, snapshot := range localSnapshots {
+		snapshotIDStr := snap.ID.String()
-		snapshotIDStr := snapshot.ID.String()
 		if !remoteSnapshots[snapshotIDStr] {
-			log.Info("Removing local snapshot not found in remote", "snapshot_id", snapshot.ID)
+			log.Info("Removing local snapshot not found in remote", "snapshot_id", snap.ID)
-
+			if err := v.deleteSnapshotFromLocalDB(snapshotIDStr); err != nil {
-			// Delete related records first to avoid foreign key constraints
+				log.Error("Failed to delete local snapshot", "snapshot_id", snap.ID, "error", err)
-			if err := v.Repositories.Snapshots.DeleteSnapshotFiles(v.ctx, snapshotIDStr); err != nil {
-				log.Error("Failed to delete snapshot files", "snapshot_id", snapshot.ID, "error", err)
-			}
-			if err := v.Repositories.Snapshots.DeleteSnapshotBlobs(v.ctx, snapshotIDStr); err != nil {
-				log.Error("Failed to delete snapshot blobs", "snapshot_id", snapshot.ID, "error", err)
-			}
-			if err := v.Repositories.Snapshots.DeleteSnapshotUploads(v.ctx, snapshotIDStr); err != nil {
-				log.Error("Failed to delete snapshot uploads", "snapshot_id", snapshot.ID, "error", err)
-			}
-
-			// Now delete the snapshot itself
-			if err := v.Repositories.Snapshots.Delete(v.ctx, snapshotIDStr); err != nil {
-				log.Error("Failed to delete local snapshot", "snapshot_id", snapshot.ID, "error", err)
 			} else {
-				log.Info("Deleted local snapshot not found in remote", "snapshot_id", snapshot.ID)
+				log.Info("Deleted local snapshot not found in remote", "snapshot_id", snap.ID)
 				delete(localSnapshotMap, snapshotIDStr)
 			}
 		}
 	}
 
-	// Build final snapshot list
+	return localSnapshotMap, nil
+}
+
+// buildSnapshotInfoList constructs SnapshotInfo entries from remote IDs and local data
+func (v *Vaultik) buildSnapshotInfoList(remoteSnapshots map[string]bool, localSnapshotMap map[string]*database.Snapshot) ([]SnapshotInfo, error) {
 	snapshots := make([]SnapshotInfo, 0, len(remoteSnapshots))
 
 	for snapshotID := range remoteSnapshots {
-		// Check if we have this snapshot locally
 		if localSnap, exists := localSnapshotMap[snapshotID]; exists && localSnap.CompletedAt != nil {
-			// Get total compressed size of all blobs referenced by this snapshot
 			totalSize, err := v.Repositories.Snapshots.GetSnapshotTotalCompressedSize(v.ctx, snapshotID)
 			if err != nil {
 				log.Warn("Failed to get total compressed size", "id", snapshotID, "error", err)
-				// Fall back to stored blob size
 				totalSize = localSnap.BlobSize
 			}
 
@@ -408,17 +456,15 @@ func (v *Vaultik) ListSnapshots(jsonOutput bool) error {
 				CompressedSize: totalSize,
 			})
 		} else {
-			// Remote snapshot not in local DB - fetch manifest to get size
 			timestamp, err := parseSnapshotTimestamp(snapshotID)
 			if err != nil {
 				log.Warn("Failed to parse snapshot timestamp", "id", snapshotID, "error", err)
 				continue
 			}
 
-			// Try to download manifest to get size
 			totalSize, err := v.getManifestSize(snapshotID)
 			if err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("failed to get manifest size for %s: %w", snapshotID, err)
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get manifest size for %s: %w", snapshotID, err)
 			}
 
 			snapshots = append(snapshots, SnapshotInfo{
@@ -429,22 +475,13 @@ func (v *Vaultik) ListSnapshots(jsonOutput bool) error {
 		}
 	}
 
-	// Sort by timestamp (newest first)
+	return snapshots, nil
-	sort.Slice(snapshots, func(i, j int) bool {
+}
-		return snapshots[i].Timestamp.After(snapshots[j].Timestamp)
-	})
 
-	if jsonOutput {
+// printSnapshotTable renders the snapshot list as a formatted table
-		// JSON output
+func (v *Vaultik) printSnapshotTable(snapshots []SnapshotInfo) error {
-		encoder := json.NewEncoder(v.Stdout)
-		encoder.SetIndent("", "  ")
-		return encoder.Encode(snapshots)
-	}
-
-	// Table output
 	w := tabwriter.NewWriter(v.Stdout, 0, 0, 3, ' ', 0)
 
-	// Show configured snapshots from config file
 	if _, err := fmt.Fprintln(w, "CONFIGURED SNAPSHOTS:"); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -465,7 +502,6 @@ func (v *Vaultik) ListSnapshots(jsonOutput bool) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	// Show remote snapshots
 	if _, err := fmt.Fprintln(w, "REMOTE SNAPSHOTS:"); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

internal/vaultik/verify.go

@@ -35,6 +35,19 @@ type VerifyResult struct {
 	ErrorMessage string `json:"error,omitempty"`
 }
 
+// deepVerifyFailure records a failure in the result and returns it appropriately
+func (v *Vaultik) deepVerifyFailure(result *VerifyResult, opts *VerifyOptions, msg string, err error) error {
+	result.Status = "failed"
+	result.ErrorMessage = msg
+	if opts.JSON {
+		return v.outputVerifyJSON(result)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return fmt.Errorf("%s", msg)
+}
+
 // RunDeepVerify executes deep verification operation
 func (v *Vaultik) RunDeepVerify(snapshotID string, opts *VerifyOptions) error {
 	result := &VerifyResult{
@@ -42,89 +55,20 @@ func (v *Vaultik) RunDeepVerify(snapshotID string, opts *VerifyOptions) error {
 		Mode:       "deep",
 	}
 
-	// Check for decryption capability
 	if !v.CanDecrypt() {
-		result.Status = "failed"
+		return v.deepVerifyFailure(result, opts,
-		result.ErrorMessage = "VAULTIK_AGE_SECRET_KEY environment variable not set - required for deep verification"
+			"VAULTIK_AGE_SECRET_KEY environment variable not set - required for deep verification",
-		if opts.JSON {
+			fmt.Errorf("VAULTIK_AGE_SECRET_KEY environment variable not set - required for deep verification"))
-			return v.outputVerifyJSON(result)
-		}
-		return fmt.Errorf("VAULTIK_AGE_SECRET_KEY environment variable not set - required for deep verification")
 	}
 
-	log.Info("Starting snapshot verification",
+	log.Info("Starting snapshot verification", "snapshot_id", snapshotID, "mode", "deep")
-		"snapshot_id", snapshotID,
-		"mode", "deep",
-	)
-
 	if !opts.JSON {
 		v.printfStdout("Deep verification of snapshot: %s\n\n", snapshotID)
 	}
 
-	// Step 1: Download manifest
+	manifest, tempDB, dbBlobs, err := v.loadVerificationData(snapshotID, opts, result)
-	manifestPath := fmt.Sprintf("metadata/%s/manifest.json.zst", snapshotID)
-	log.Info("Downloading manifest", "path", manifestPath)
-	if !opts.JSON {
-		v.printfStdout("Downloading manifest...\n")
-	}
-
-	manifestReader, err := v.Storage.Get(v.ctx, manifestPath)
 	if err != nil {
-		result.Status = "failed"
+		return err
-		result.ErrorMessage = fmt.Sprintf("failed to download manifest: %v", err)
-		if opts.JSON {
-			return v.outputVerifyJSON(result)
-		}
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to download manifest: %w", err)
-	}
-	defer func() { _ = manifestReader.Close() }()
-
-	// Decompress manifest
-	manifest, err := snapshot.DecodeManifest(manifestReader)
-	if err != nil {
-		result.Status = "failed"
-		result.ErrorMessage = fmt.Sprintf("failed to decode manifest: %v", err)
-		if opts.JSON {
-			return v.outputVerifyJSON(result)
-		}
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to decode manifest: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	log.Info("Manifest loaded",
-		"manifest_blob_count", manifest.BlobCount,
-		"manifest_total_size", humanize.Bytes(uint64(manifest.TotalCompressedSize)),
-	)
-	if !opts.JSON {
-		v.printfStdout("Manifest loaded: %d blobs (%s)\n", manifest.BlobCount, humanize.Bytes(uint64(manifest.TotalCompressedSize)))
-	}
-
-	// Step 2: Download and decrypt database (authoritative source)
-	dbPath := fmt.Sprintf("metadata/%s/db.zst.age", snapshotID)
-	log.Info("Downloading encrypted database", "path", dbPath)
-	if !opts.JSON {
-		v.printfStdout("Downloading and decrypting database...\n")
-	}
-
-	dbReader, err := v.Storage.Get(v.ctx, dbPath)
-	if err != nil {
-		result.Status = "failed"
-		result.ErrorMessage = fmt.Sprintf("failed to download database: %v", err)
-		if opts.JSON {
-			return v.outputVerifyJSON(result)
-		}
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to download database: %w", err)
-	}
-	defer func() { _ = dbReader.Close() }()
-
-	// Decrypt and decompress database
-	tempDB, err := v.decryptAndLoadDatabase(dbReader, v.Config.AgeSecretKey)
-	if err != nil {
-		result.Status = "failed"
-		result.ErrorMessage = fmt.Sprintf("failed to decrypt database: %v", err)
-		if opts.JSON {
-			return v.outputVerifyJSON(result)
-		}
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to decrypt database: %w", err)
 	}
 	defer func() {
 		if tempDB != nil {
@@ -132,17 +76,6 @@ func (v *Vaultik) RunDeepVerify(snapshotID string, opts *VerifyOptions) error {
 		}
 	}()
 
-	// Step 3: Get authoritative blob list from database
-	dbBlobs, err := v.getBlobsFromDatabase(snapshotID, tempDB.DB)
-	if err != nil {
-		result.Status = "failed"
-		result.ErrorMessage = fmt.Sprintf("failed to get blobs from database: %v", err)
-		if opts.JSON {
-			return v.outputVerifyJSON(result)
-		}
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get blobs from database: %w", err)
-	}
-
 	result.BlobCount = len(dbBlobs)
 	var totalSize int64
 	for _, blob := range dbBlobs {
@@ -150,54 +83,10 @@ func (v *Vaultik) RunDeepVerify(snapshotID string, opts *VerifyOptions) error {
 	}
 	result.TotalSize = totalSize
 
-	log.Info("Database loaded",
+	if err := v.runVerificationSteps(manifest, dbBlobs, tempDB, opts, result, totalSize); err != nil {
-		"db_blob_count", len(dbBlobs),
-		"db_total_size", humanize.Bytes(uint64(totalSize)),
-	)
-	if !opts.JSON {
-		v.printfStdout("Database loaded: %d blobs (%s)\n", len(dbBlobs), humanize.Bytes(uint64(totalSize)))
-		v.printfStdout("Verifying manifest against database...\n")
-	}
-
-	// Step 4: Verify manifest matches database
-	if err := v.verifyManifestAgainstDatabase(manifest, dbBlobs); err != nil {
-		result.Status = "failed"
-		result.ErrorMessage = err.Error()
-		if opts.JSON {
-			return v.outputVerifyJSON(result)
-		}
 		return err
 	}
 
-	// Step 5: Verify all blobs exist in S3 (using database as source)
-	if !opts.JSON {
-		v.printfStdout("Manifest verified.\n")
-		v.printfStdout("Checking blob existence in remote storage...\n")
-	}
-	if err := v.verifyBlobExistenceFromDB(dbBlobs); err != nil {
-		result.Status = "failed"
-		result.ErrorMessage = err.Error()
-		if opts.JSON {
-			return v.outputVerifyJSON(result)
-		}
-		return err
-	}
-
-	// Step 6: Deep verification - download and verify blob contents
-	if !opts.JSON {
-		v.printfStdout("All blobs exist.\n")
-		v.printfStdout("Downloading and verifying blob contents (%d blobs, %s)...\n", len(dbBlobs), humanize.Bytes(uint64(totalSize)))
-	}
-	if err := v.performDeepVerificationFromDB(dbBlobs, tempDB.DB, opts); err != nil {
-		result.Status = "failed"
-		result.ErrorMessage = err.Error()
-		if opts.JSON {
-			return v.outputVerifyJSON(result)
-		}
-		return err
-	}
-
-	// Success
 	result.Status = "ok"
 	result.Verified = len(dbBlobs)
 
@@ -206,11 +95,7 @@ func (v *Vaultik) RunDeepVerify(snapshotID string, opts *VerifyOptions) error {
 	}
 
 	log.Info("✓ Verification completed successfully",
-		"snapshot_id", snapshotID,
+		"snapshot_id", snapshotID, "mode", "deep", "blobs_verified", len(dbBlobs))
-		"mode", "deep",
-		"blobs_verified", len(dbBlobs),
-	)
-
 	v.printfStdout("\n✓ Verification completed successfully\n")
 	v.printfStdout("  Snapshot:       %s\n", snapshotID)
 	v.printfStdout("  Blobs verified: %d\n", len(dbBlobs))
@@ -219,6 +104,99 @@ func (v *Vaultik) RunDeepVerify(snapshotID string, opts *VerifyOptions) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// loadVerificationData downloads manifest, database, and blob list for verification
+func (v *Vaultik) loadVerificationData(snapshotID string, opts *VerifyOptions, result *VerifyResult) (*snapshot.Manifest, *tempDB, []snapshot.BlobInfo, error) {
+	// Download manifest
+	if !opts.JSON {
+		v.printfStdout("Downloading manifest...\n")
+	}
+	manifestPath := fmt.Sprintf("metadata/%s/manifest.json.zst", snapshotID)
+	manifestReader, err := v.Storage.Get(v.ctx, manifestPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, nil, v.deepVerifyFailure(result, opts,
+			fmt.Sprintf("failed to download manifest: %v", err),
+			fmt.Errorf("failed to download manifest: %w", err))
+	}
+	defer func() { _ = manifestReader.Close() }()
+
+	manifest, err := snapshot.DecodeManifest(manifestReader)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, nil, v.deepVerifyFailure(result, opts,
+			fmt.Sprintf("failed to decode manifest: %v", err),
+			fmt.Errorf("failed to decode manifest: %w", err))
+	}
+
+	if !opts.JSON {
+		v.printfStdout("Manifest loaded: %d blobs (%s)\n", manifest.BlobCount, humanize.Bytes(uint64(manifest.TotalCompressedSize)))
+		v.printfStdout("Downloading and decrypting database...\n")
+	}
+
+	// Download and decrypt database
+	dbPath := fmt.Sprintf("metadata/%s/db.zst.age", snapshotID)
+	dbReader, err := v.Storage.Get(v.ctx, dbPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, nil, v.deepVerifyFailure(result, opts,
+			fmt.Sprintf("failed to download database: %v", err),
+			fmt.Errorf("failed to download database: %w", err))
+	}
+	defer func() { _ = dbReader.Close() }()
+
+	tdb, err := v.decryptAndLoadDatabase(dbReader, v.Config.AgeSecretKey)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, nil, v.deepVerifyFailure(result, opts,
+			fmt.Sprintf("failed to decrypt database: %v", err),
+			fmt.Errorf("failed to decrypt database: %w", err))
+	}
+
+	dbBlobs, err := v.getBlobsFromDatabase(snapshotID, tdb.DB)
+	if err != nil {
+		_ = tdb.Close()
+		return nil, nil, nil, v.deepVerifyFailure(result, opts,
+			fmt.Sprintf("failed to get blobs from database: %v", err),
+			fmt.Errorf("failed to get blobs from database: %w", err))
+	}
+
+	if !opts.JSON {
+		v.printfStdout("Database loaded: %d blobs (%s)\n", len(dbBlobs), humanize.Bytes(uint64(func() int64 {
+			var s int64
+			for _, b := range dbBlobs {
+				s += b.CompressedSize
+			}
+			return s
+		}())))
+	}
+
+	return manifest, tdb, dbBlobs, nil
+}
+
+// runVerificationSteps executes manifest verification, blob existence check, and deep content verification
+func (v *Vaultik) runVerificationSteps(manifest *snapshot.Manifest, dbBlobs []snapshot.BlobInfo, tdb *tempDB, opts *VerifyOptions, result *VerifyResult, totalSize int64) error {
+	if !opts.JSON {
+		v.printfStdout("Verifying manifest against database...\n")
+	}
+	if err := v.verifyManifestAgainstDatabase(manifest, dbBlobs); err != nil {
+		return v.deepVerifyFailure(result, opts, err.Error(), err)
+	}
+
+	if !opts.JSON {
+		v.printfStdout("Manifest verified.\n")
+		v.printfStdout("Checking blob existence in remote storage...\n")
+	}
+	if err := v.verifyBlobExistenceFromDB(dbBlobs); err != nil {
+		return v.deepVerifyFailure(result, opts, err.Error(), err)
+	}
+
+	if !opts.JSON {
+		v.printfStdout("All blobs exist.\n")
+		v.printfStdout("Downloading and verifying blob contents (%d blobs, %s)...\n", len(dbBlobs), humanize.Bytes(uint64(totalSize)))
+	}
+	if err := v.performDeepVerificationFromDB(dbBlobs, tdb.DB, opts); err != nil {
+		return v.deepVerifyFailure(result, opts, err.Error(), err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
 // tempDB wraps sql.DB with cleanup
 type tempDB struct {
 	*sql.DB