Make config set create a list for an index under a missing key (closes #308)

`config set age_recipients.0 age1...` on a file without `age_recipients`
wrote a map keyed `0`, after which no command could load the config. A
missing key is now created as a list when the next path element is a
number.

Before writing, `config set` checks the result with the config loader,
refusing only a failure the change brings in: a config that loaded must
still load; one that does not (still being filled in, or with a `${...}`
reference that cannot be filled in here) is checked on the changed
setting alone. The new `config.Parse`, split out of `config.Load`,
decodes config data, filling in references, without validating.

Rule suppressed: gosec G304 where `config.Load` and the new tests read a
file.

Model: opus-5-5

internal/config/config.go

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 package config
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
@@ -233,14 +234,48 @@ func New(path Path) (*Config, error) {
 	return cfg, nil
 }
 
-// Load reads and parses the configuration file from the specified path.
-// It applies default values for optional fields, performs environment variable
-// substitution using smartconfig, and validates the configuration.
-// The configuration file should be in YAML format. Returns an error if the file
-// cannot be read, parsed, or if validation fails.
+// Load reads the configuration file at path, parses it with Parse, warns
+// when others can read the file, and validates the configuration.
+// Returns an error if the file cannot be read, parsed, or if validation
+// fails.
 func Load(path string) (*Config, error) {
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(path) //nolint:gosec // G304: config path is operator-supplied
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to load config file: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	cfg, err := Parse(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// Check config file permissions (warn if world or group readable)
+	//nolint:gosec // G703: config path is operator-supplied by design
+	info, statErr := os.Stat(path)
+	if statErr == nil {
+		mode := info.Mode().Perm()
+		if mode&0044 != 0 { // group or world readable
+			log.Warn(cfg.readableByOthersWarning(),
+				"path", path,
+				"mode", fmt.Sprintf("%04o", mode),
+				"recommendation", "chmod 600 "+path)
+		}
+	}
+
+	err = cfg.Validate()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid config: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return cfg, nil
+}
+
+// Parse reads YAML config data as Load does, without validating it. It
+// applies default values for optional fields, fills in ${...} references
+// using smartconfig, and expands ~ in paths.
+func Parse(data []byte) (*Config, error) {
 	// Load config using smartconfig for interpolation
-	sc, err := smartconfig.NewFromConfigPath(path)
+	sc, err := smartconfig.NewFromReader(bytes.NewReader(data))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to load config file: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -302,24 +337,6 @@ func Load(path string) (*Config, error) {
 		cfg.S3.Region = "us-east-1"
 	}
 
-	// Check config file permissions (warn if world or group readable)
-	//nolint:gosec // G703: config path is operator-supplied by design
-	info, statErr := os.Stat(path)
-	if statErr == nil {
-		mode := info.Mode().Perm()
-		if mode&0044 != 0 { // group or world readable
-			log.Warn(cfg.readableByOthersWarning(),
-				"path", path,
-				"mode", fmt.Sprintf("%04o", mode),
-				"recommendation", "chmod 600 "+path)
-		}
-	}
-
-	err = cfg.Validate()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid config: %w", err)
-	}
-
 	return cfg, nil
 }