Refuse a backup destination an unplugged volume left empty (closes #239)

Every backup writes vaultik-destination.txt at the destination root.
While the local index holds snapshots, a destination without it is
not present: snapshot create refuses before writing, prune and
snapshot purge fail, and snapshot list and snapshot remove act as for
a destination that cannot be listed. remote nuke deletes it last. The
file:// backend no longer creates its destination directory and checks
for it on every write; that protects a directory on a removable
volume, not a mount point.

Tests back up into directories that exist; fixtures standing for a
written destination carry the marker; two tests check they get past
it.

Judgement call: the marker is rewritten on every backup.
Deviation: for the complexity limit, two blocks moved, unchanged, into
snapshotNamesToCreate and confirmRemoveSnapshot.

Model: opus-5-5

docs/REPOSTRUCTURE.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ This document describes the structure and organization of data stored in the S3
 
 ## Overview
 
-Vaultik stores all backup data in an S3-compatible object store. The repository consists of two main components:
+Vaultik stores all backup data in an S3-compatible object store. The repository consists of two main components, plus a marker file:
 1. **Blobs** - The actual backup data (content-addressed, encrypted)
 2. **Metadata** - Snapshot information and manifests (partially encrypted)
 
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ Vaultik stores all backup data in an S3-compatible object store. The repository
 
 ```
 <bucket>/<prefix>/
+├── vaultik-destination.txt
 ├── blobs/
 │   └── <hash[0:2]>/
 │       └── <hash[2:4]>/
@@ -24,6 +25,10 @@ Vaultik stores all backup data in an S3-compatible object store. The repository
 
 The metadata subdirectory is named with the **remote key**, a one-way hash of the snapshot ID, not with the human-readable snapshot ID itself. See [Remote Key Derivation](#remote-key-derivation).
 
+## Marker File (`vaultik-destination.txt`)
+
+Every backup writes this file at the root before it uploads anything. It holds one fixed line of plain text and names no host, path or time. While the local index holds snapshots, a destination without it is treated as not present: `snapshot create` refuses to write to it, and `prune`, `snapshot purge`, `snapshot remove` and `snapshot list` behave as for a destination that cannot be listed. An unplugged volume leaves an empty directory at its mount point, and without the marker that directory would read as a destination whose snapshots are all gone. `remote nuke` deletes the marker last.
+
 ## Blobs Directory (`blobs/`)
 
 ### Structure