Refuse an exclude pattern that does not compile at config load (closes #455)

An exclude pattern that did not compile was skipped with a warning during the backup, which then stored what the user meant to leave out. Config.Validate now refuses it, naming the setting and quoting the pattern, for example exclude[2]: "build[" is not a valid exclude pattern: ...

The compile step moves to a new package, internal/exclude, as exclude.Compile; Validate and the scanner both call it. The scanner's skip-and-warn path is gone; a pattern that does not compile there now fails the scanner.

Model: opus-5-5

internal/snapshot/scanner.go

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import (
 	"sneak.berlin/go/vaultik/internal/blob"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/vaultik/internal/chunker"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/vaultik/internal/database"
+	"sneak.berlin/go/vaultik/internal/exclude"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/vaultik/internal/log"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/vaultik/internal/storage"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/vaultik/internal/types"
@@ -221,8 +222,12 @@ func NewScanner(cfg ScannerConfig) *Scanner {
 		progress = NewProgressReporter()
 	}
 
-	// Compile exclude patterns
-	compiledExclude := compileExcludePatterns(cfg.Exclude)
+	compiledExclude, err := compileExcludePatterns(cfg.Exclude)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Error("Failed to compile exclude patterns", "error", err)
+
+		return nil
+	}
 
 	uiw := cfg.UI
 	if uiw == nil {
@@ -2318,51 +2323,18 @@ func wrapPermissionError(path string, err error) error {
 		"with --skip-errors to continue past unreadable files)", path, err)
 }
 
-// compileExcludePatterns compiles the exclude patterns into glob matchers
-func compileExcludePatterns(patterns []string) []compiledPattern {
+// compileExcludePatterns compiles the exclude patterns into glob matchers.
+// Config.Validate has already refused a pattern that does not compile.
+func compileExcludePatterns(patterns []string) ([]compiledPattern, error) {
 	var compiled []compiledPattern
 
 	for _, p := range patterns {
-		if p == "" {
-			continue
+		globs, anchored, err := exclude.Compile(p)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
 		}
 
-		// Check if pattern is anchored (starts with /)
-		anchored := strings.HasPrefix(p, "/")
-
-		pattern := p
-		if anchored {
-			pattern = p[1:] // Remove leading /
-		}
-
-		// Remove trailing slash if present (directory indicator)
-		pattern = strings.TrimSuffix(pattern, "/")
-
-		// A leading "**/" demands a "/" before the name and so misses an
-		// entry directly under the source path. It means "at every depth",
-		// which is what an unanchored pattern already does, so drop the
-		// prefix and match unanchored: as in gitignore, "**/x" and
-		// "/**/x" then also match a top-level "x".
-		if rest, found := strings.CutPrefix(pattern, "**/"); found {
-			pattern = rest
-			anchored = false
-		}
-
-		// Likewise "/**/" inside a pattern demands two slashes, so
-		// "a/**/*.log" misses "a/x.log". As in gitignore it stands for
-		// zero or more directories, so also compile the pattern with it
-		// made a single "/". The glob library's {a,b} is no help: with a
-		// "**" inside it in mid-pattern, it misses paths it should match.
-		for _, variant := range doubleStarVariants(pattern) {
-			// For patterns without path separators, we need to match them as components
-			// e.g., ".git" should match ".git" anywhere in the path
-			g, err := glob.Compile(variant, '/')
-			if err != nil {
-				log.Warn("Invalid exclude pattern, skipping", "pattern", p, "error", err)
-
-				break
-			}
-
+		for _, g := range globs {
 			compiled = append(compiled, compiledPattern{
 				pattern:  g,
 				anchored: anchored,
@@ -2371,26 +2343,7 @@ func compileExcludePatterns(patterns []string) []compiledPattern {
 		}
 	}
 
-	return compiled
-}
-
-// doubleStarVariants returns pattern once for every way of keeping each
-// "/**/" in it or making it a single "/".
-func doubleStarVariants(pattern string) []string {
-	const doubleStar = "/**/"
-
-	before, after, found := strings.Cut(pattern, doubleStar)
-	if !found {
-		return []string{pattern}
-	}
-
-	var variants []string
-
-	for _, rest := range doubleStarVariants(after) {
-		variants = append(variants, before+doubleStar+rest, before+"/"+rest)
-	}
-
-	return variants
+	return compiled, nil
 }
 
 // shouldExclude checks if a path should be excluded based on exclude patterns