smartconfig/smartconfig.go

package smartconfig

import (
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"math"
	"os"
	"regexp"
	"strconv"
	"strings"

	"github.com/dustin/go-humanize"
	"github.com/tidwall/gjson"
	"gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
)

const (
	maxRecursionDepth    = 3
	interpolationPattern = `\$\{([^:]+?):(.*?)\}`
)

// Config represents the loaded configuration with support for interpolated values.
// It provides methods to load configuration from files or readers, access values,
// and register custom resolvers for extending interpolation capabilities.
type Config struct {
	data      map[string]interface{}
	resolvers map[string]Resolver
}

// Resolver defines the interface for custom variable resolution.
// Implementations should resolve the given value and return the result.
// For example, an environment resolver would return the value of the
// environment variable specified in the value parameter.
type Resolver interface {
	Resolve(value string) (string, error)
}

// NewFromAppName loads configuration from /etc/appname/config.yml.
// It creates a new Config instance, loads and interpolates the configuration file.
func NewFromAppName(appname string) (*Config, error) {
	configPath := fmt.Sprintf("/etc/%s/config.yml", appname)
	return NewFromConfigPath(configPath)
}

// NewFromConfigPath loads configuration from the specified file path.
// It creates a new Config instance, loads and interpolates the configuration file.
func NewFromConfigPath(path string) (*Config, error) {
	file, err := os.Open(path)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to open config file: %w", err)
	}
	defer func() {
		_ = file.Close()
	}()

	return NewFromReader(file)
}

// NewFromReader loads configuration from an io.Reader.
// It creates a new Config instance, loads and interpolates the configuration.
func NewFromReader(reader io.Reader) (*Config, error) {
	c := newWithDefaults()

	data, err := io.ReadAll(reader)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read config: %w", err)
	}

	// Parse YAML first
	if err := yaml.Unmarshal(data, &c.data); err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse YAML: %w", err)
	}

	// Walk and interpolate the parsed structure
	interpolated, err := c.walkAndInterpolate(c.data)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to interpolate config: %w", err)
	}
	c.data = interpolated.(map[string]interface{})

	// Handle environment variable injection
	if err := c.injectEnvironment(); err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to inject environment variables: %w", err)
	}

	return c, nil
}

// New creates an empty Config instance with default resolvers registered.
// For loading configuration, prefer using NewFromAppName, NewFromConfigPath, or NewFromReader.
func New() *Config {
	return newWithDefaults()
}

func newWithDefaults() *Config {
	c := &Config{
		resolvers: make(map[string]Resolver),
		data:      make(map[string]interface{}),
	}

	// Register default resolvers
	c.RegisterResolver("ENV", &EnvResolver{})
	c.RegisterResolver("EXEC", &ExecResolver{})
	c.RegisterResolver("FILE", &FileResolver{})
	c.RegisterResolver("JSON", &JSONResolver{})
	c.RegisterResolver("YAML", &YAMLResolver{})
	c.RegisterResolver("AWSSM", &AWSSecretManagerResolver{})
	c.RegisterResolver("GCPSM", &GCPSecretManagerResolver{})
	c.RegisterResolver("VAULT", &VaultResolver{})
	c.RegisterResolver("CONSUL", &ConsulResolver{})
	c.RegisterResolver("AZURESM", &AzureKeyVaultResolver{})
	c.RegisterResolver("K8SS", &K8SSecretResolver{})
	c.RegisterResolver("ETCD", &EtcdResolver{})

	return c
}

// RegisterResolver registers a custom resolver with the given name.
// The resolver will be available for use in interpolations with the syntax ${name:value}.
func (c *Config) RegisterResolver(name string, resolver Resolver) {
	c.resolvers[name] = resolver
}

func (c *Config) injectEnvironment() error {
	envData, ok := c.data["env"]
	if !ok {
		return nil
	}

	envMap, ok := envData.(map[string]interface{})
	if !ok {
		return fmt.Errorf("env section must be a map")
	}

	for key, value := range envMap {
		strValue, ok := value.(string)
		if !ok {
			strValue = fmt.Sprintf("%v", value)
		}

		if err := os.Setenv(key, strValue); err != nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("failed to set environment variable %s: %w", key, err)
		}
	}

	return nil
}

// Get retrieves a value from the configuration using gjson path syntax.
// For example:
//   - "database.host" retrieves config.database.host
//   - "servers.0.name" retrieves the name of the first server in a list
//
// Returns the value and true if found, nil and false if not found.
func (c *Config) Get(key string) (interface{}, bool) {
	// Try direct key lookup first for backward compatibility
	if value, exists := c.data[key]; exists {
		return value, true
	}

	// If not found, try gjson path
	value, err := c.getValueByPath(key)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, false
	}
	return value, true
}

// getValueByPath retrieves a value using gjson path syntax.
// It converts the internal data to JSON and uses gjson to extract the value.
func (c *Config) getValueByPath(path string) (interface{}, error) {
	// Clean the data before JSON marshaling to handle special float values
	cleanedData := c.cleanDataForJSON(c.data)

	// Convert data to JSON
	jsonBytes, err := json.Marshal(cleanedData)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal config to JSON: %w", err)
	}

	// Use gjson to get the value
	result := gjson.GetBytes(jsonBytes, path)
	if !result.Exists() {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("key %s not found", path)
	}

	// Check if the value is null
	if result.Type == gjson.Null {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("key %s has null value", path)
	}

	// Return the underlying value
	return result.Value(), nil
}

// cleanDataForJSON recursively cleans data to handle special float values
// that cannot be marshaled to JSON (Inf, -Inf, NaN)
func (c *Config) cleanDataForJSON(data interface{}) interface{} {
	switch v := data.(type) {
	case map[string]interface{}:
		cleaned := make(map[string]interface{})
		for key, value := range v {
			cleaned[key] = c.cleanDataForJSON(value)
		}
		return cleaned
	case []interface{}:
		cleaned := make([]interface{}, len(v))
		for i, value := range v {
			cleaned[i] = c.cleanDataForJSON(value)
		}
		return cleaned
	case float64:
		// Handle special float values
		if math.IsInf(v, 1) {
			return "Infinity"
		} else if math.IsInf(v, -1) {
			return "-Infinity"
		} else if math.IsNaN(v) {
			return "NaN"
		}
		return v
	default:
		return v
	}
}

// GetString retrieves a string value from the configuration using gjson path syntax.
// Returns an error if the key doesn't exist. Numeric values are converted to strings.
func (c *Config) GetString(key string) (string, error) {
	value, err := c.getValueByPath(key)
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}

	// Try direct string conversion first
	if strValue, ok := value.(string); ok {
		return strValue, nil
	}

	// Don't allow complex types (maps, slices) to be converted to string
	switch value.(type) {
	case map[string]interface{}, []interface{}:
		return "", fmt.Errorf("cannot convert complex type to string for key %s", key)
	}

	// Convert other types to string
	return fmt.Sprintf("%v", value), nil
}

// GetInt retrieves an integer value from the configuration using gjson path syntax.
// Returns an error if the key doesn't exist or if the value cannot be converted to an integer.
func (c *Config) GetInt(key string) (int, error) {
	value, err := c.getValueByPath(key)
	if err != nil {
		return 0, err
	}

	// Don't allow complex types
	switch value.(type) {
	case map[string]interface{}, []interface{}:
		return 0, fmt.Errorf("cannot convert complex type to integer for key %s", key)
	}

	// Try direct int conversion first
	if intValue, ok := value.(int); ok {
		return intValue, nil
	}

	// Try float64 (common in JSON/YAML parsing)
	if floatValue, ok := value.(float64); ok {
		return int(floatValue), nil
	}

	// Try string conversion
	if strValue, ok := value.(string); ok {
		intValue, err := strconv.Atoi(strValue)
		if err != nil {
			return 0, fmt.Errorf("cannot convert value %q to integer: %w", strValue, err)
		}
		return intValue, nil
	}

	return 0, fmt.Errorf("cannot convert value of type %T to integer", value)
}

// GetUint retrieves an unsigned integer value from the configuration using gjson path syntax.
// Returns an error if the key doesn't exist or if the value cannot be converted to a uint.
func (c *Config) GetUint(key string) (uint, error) {
	value, err := c.getValueByPath(key)
	if err != nil {
		return 0, err
	}

	// Try direct uint conversion first
	if uintValue, ok := value.(uint); ok {
		return uintValue, nil
	}

	// Try int conversion
	if intValue, ok := value.(int); ok {
		if intValue < 0 {
			return 0, fmt.Errorf("cannot convert negative value %d to uint", intValue)
		}
		return uint(intValue), nil
	}

	// Try float64 (common in JSON/YAML parsing)
	if floatValue, ok := value.(float64); ok {
		if floatValue < 0 {
			return 0, fmt.Errorf("cannot convert negative value %f to uint", floatValue)
		}
		return uint(floatValue), nil
	}

	// Try string conversion
	if strValue, ok := value.(string); ok {
		uintValue, err := strconv.ParseUint(strValue, 10, 0)
		if err != nil {
			return 0, fmt.Errorf("cannot convert value %q to uint: %w", strValue, err)
		}
		return uint(uintValue), nil
	}

	return 0, fmt.Errorf("cannot convert value of type %T to uint", value)
}

// GetFloat retrieves a float64 value from the configuration using gjson path syntax.
// Returns an error if the key doesn't exist or if the value cannot be converted to a float64.
func (c *Config) GetFloat(key string) (float64, error) {
	value, err := c.getValueByPath(key)
	if err != nil {
		return 0, err
	}

	// Try direct float64 conversion first
	if floatValue, ok := value.(float64); ok {
		return floatValue, nil
	}

	// Try float32 conversion
	if floatValue, ok := value.(float32); ok {
		return float64(floatValue), nil
	}

	// Try int conversion
	if intValue, ok := value.(int); ok {
		return float64(intValue), nil
	}

	// Try string conversion
	if strValue, ok := value.(string); ok {
		floatValue, err := strconv.ParseFloat(strValue, 64)
		if err != nil {
			return 0, fmt.Errorf("cannot convert value %q to float: %w", strValue, err)
		}
		return floatValue, nil
	}

	return 0, fmt.Errorf("cannot convert value of type %T to float", value)
}

// GetBool retrieves a boolean value from the configuration using gjson path syntax.
// Returns an error if the key doesn't exist or if the value cannot be converted to a boolean.
func (c *Config) GetBool(key string) (bool, error) {
	value, err := c.getValueByPath(key)
	if err != nil {
		return false, err
	}

	// Try direct bool conversion first
	if boolValue, ok := value.(bool); ok {
		return boolValue, nil
	}

	// Try string conversion
	if strValue, ok := value.(string); ok {
		boolValue, err := strconv.ParseBool(strValue)
		if err != nil {
			return false, fmt.Errorf("cannot convert value %q to boolean: %w", strValue, err)
		}
		return boolValue, nil
	}

	// Try numeric conversions (0 = false, non-zero = true)
	if intValue, ok := value.(int); ok {
		return intValue != 0, nil
	}

	if floatValue, ok := value.(float64); ok {
		return floatValue != 0, nil
	}

	return false, fmt.Errorf("cannot convert value of type %T to boolean", value)
}

// GetBytes retrieves a byte size value from the configuration using gjson path syntax.
// Supports human-readable formats like "10G", "20KiB", "25TB", etc.
// Returns the size in bytes as uint64.
func (c *Config) GetBytes(key string) (uint64, error) {
	value, err := c.getValueByPath(key)
	if err != nil {
		return 0, err
	}

	// Try direct numeric conversions first
	if uintValue, ok := value.(uint64); ok {
		return uintValue, nil
	}

	if intValue, ok := value.(int); ok {
		if intValue < 0 {
			return 0, fmt.Errorf("cannot convert negative value %d to bytes", intValue)
		}
		return uint64(intValue), nil
	}

	if floatValue, ok := value.(float64); ok {
		if floatValue < 0 {
			return 0, fmt.Errorf("cannot convert negative value %f to bytes", floatValue)
		}
		return uint64(floatValue), nil
	}

	// Try string conversion with humanize parsing
	if strValue, ok := value.(string); ok {
		// Try parsing as a plain number first
		if bytesValue, err := strconv.ParseUint(strValue, 10, 64); err == nil {
			return bytesValue, nil
		}

		// Try parsing with humanize
		bytesValue, err := humanize.ParseBytes(strValue)
		if err != nil {
			return 0, fmt.Errorf("cannot parse value %q as bytes: %w", strValue, err)
		}
		return bytesValue, nil
	}

	return 0, fmt.Errorf("cannot convert value of type %T to bytes", value)
}

// Data returns the entire configuration as a map.
// This is useful for unmarshaling into custom structures.
func (c *Config) Data() map[string]interface{} {
	return c.data
}

// walkAndInterpolate recursively walks through the parsed YAML structure
// and interpolates any string values containing ${...} patterns.
func (c *Config) walkAndInterpolate(data interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
	switch v := data.(type) {
	case string:
		// Check if this string contains interpolation patterns
		if strings.Contains(v, "${") && strings.Contains(v, "}") {
			return c.interpolateString(v)
		}
		return v, nil

	case map[string]interface{}:
		// Recursively process map values
		result := make(map[string]interface{})
		for key, value := range v {
			interpolated, err := c.walkAndInterpolate(value)
			if err != nil {
				return nil, err
			}
			result[key] = interpolated
		}
		return result, nil

	case []interface{}:
		// Recursively process array elements
		result := make([]interface{}, len(v))
		for i, value := range v {
			interpolated, err := c.walkAndInterpolate(value)
			if err != nil {
				return nil, err
			}
			result[i] = interpolated
		}
		return result, nil

	default:
		// Return other types as-is (numbers, booleans, etc.)
		return v, nil
	}
}

// interpolateString handles interpolation of a single string value.
// It returns the appropriate type based on the resolved value.
func (c *Config) interpolateString(s string) (interface{}, error) {
	// If the entire string is a single interpolation, we can return typed values
	if match := regexp.MustCompile(`^\$\{([^:]+):(.+)\}$`).FindStringSubmatch(s); match != nil {
		resolverName := match[1]
		value := match[2]

		// Handle nested interpolations in the value
		if strings.Contains(value, "${") {
			processedValue, err := c.interpolateValue(value, 0)
			if err != nil {
				return nil, err
			}
			value = processedValue
		}

		// Resolve the value
		resolver, ok := c.resolvers[resolverName]
		if !ok {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unknown resolver: %s", resolverName)
		}

		resolved, err := resolver.Resolve(value)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to resolve %s:%s: %w", resolverName, value, err)
		}

		// Try to convert to appropriate type
		return c.convertToType(resolved), nil
	}

	// Otherwise, it's a string with embedded interpolations
	// We need to interpolate these as strings
	return c.interpolateMixedContent(s, 0)
}

// interpolateValue handles nested interpolations for resolver values
func (c *Config) interpolateValue(s string, depth int) (string, error) {
	if depth >= maxRecursionDepth {
		return s, nil
	}

	result := s
	changed := true

	for changed && depth < maxRecursionDepth {
		changed = false
		positions := findInterpolations(result)

		// Process from end to beginning
		for i := len(positions) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
			pos := positions[i]
			fullMatch := result[pos.start:pos.end]
			inner := fullMatch[2 : len(fullMatch)-1]

			colonIdx := strings.Index(inner, ":")
			if colonIdx == -1 {
				continue
			}

			resolverName := inner[:colonIdx]
			value := inner[colonIdx+1:]

			// Recursively handle nested interpolations
			if strings.Contains(value, "${") {
				interpolatedValue, err := c.interpolateValue(value, depth+1)
				if err != nil {
					return "", err
				}
				value = interpolatedValue
			}

			// Resolve the value
			resolver, ok := c.resolvers[resolverName]
			if !ok {
				return "", fmt.Errorf("unknown resolver: %s", resolverName)
			}

			resolved, err := resolver.Resolve(value)
			if err != nil {
				return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to resolve %s:%s: %w", resolverName, value, err)
			}

			// Replace without quotes
			result = result[:pos.start] + resolved + result[pos.end:]
			changed = true
		}

		if changed {
			depth++
		}
	}

	return result, nil
}

// interpolateMixedContent handles strings with embedded interpolations
func (c *Config) interpolateMixedContent(s string, depth int) (string, error) {
	if depth >= maxRecursionDepth {
		return s, nil
	}

	result := s
	positions := findInterpolations(result)

	// Process from end to beginning
	for i := len(positions) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
		pos := positions[i]
		fullMatch := result[pos.start:pos.end]
		inner := fullMatch[2 : len(fullMatch)-1]

		colonIdx := strings.Index(inner, ":")
		if colonIdx == -1 {
			continue
		}

		resolverName := inner[:colonIdx]
		value := inner[colonIdx+1:]

		// Handle nested interpolations
		if strings.Contains(value, "${") {
			interpolatedValue, err := c.interpolateValue(value, depth+1)
			if err != nil {
				return "", err
			}
			value = interpolatedValue
		}

		// Resolve the value
		resolver, ok := c.resolvers[resolverName]
		if !ok {
			return "", fmt.Errorf("unknown resolver: %s", resolverName)
		}

		resolved, err := resolver.Resolve(value)
		if err != nil {
			return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to resolve %s:%s: %w", resolverName, value, err)
		}

		// Replace without quotes for mixed content
		result = result[:pos.start] + resolved + result[pos.end:]
	}

	return result, nil
}

// convertToType attempts to convert a string to its appropriate type
func (c *Config) convertToType(s string) interface{} {
	// First try to parse as YAML - this handles complex structures
	// returned by JSON/YAML resolvers
	var yamlData interface{}
	if err := yaml.Unmarshal([]byte(s), &yamlData); err == nil {
		// If it's a complex type (map or slice), return it directly
		switch yamlData.(type) {
		case map[string]interface{}, map[interface{}]interface{}, []interface{}:
			return yamlData
		}
		// For simple types parsed from YAML, continue with normal conversion
	}

	// Try boolean
	if s == "true" {
		return true
	}
	if s == "false" {
		return false
	}

	// Try integer
	if i, err := strconv.Atoi(s); err == nil {
		// Verify the conversion is lossless
		if strconv.Itoa(i) == s {
			return i
		}
	}

	// Try float
	if f, err := strconv.ParseFloat(s, 64); err == nil {
		// Check if it's actually an integer
		if float64(int(f)) == f {
			// Verify integer conversion is lossless
			if strconv.Itoa(int(f)) == s {
				return int(f)
			}
		}
		// For floats, use FormatFloat to check if conversion is lossless
		// Using -1 precision means use the smallest number of digits necessary
		if strconv.FormatFloat(f, 'f', -1, 64) == s {
			return f
		}
	}

	// Default to string
	return s
}