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1
Commits
| Author | SHA1 | Date | |
|---|---|---|---|
 sneak
|
1e70698cfc |
@@ -225,9 +225,9 @@ address or one /64, so a permanent ban does not reach neighbours who did
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nothing.
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An offence is a request `smallwebwaf` holds against the client: one that carries
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a clear sign of attack, breaks a limit, or is refused by a rule file, by the
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Core Rule Set or for a missing or wrong token. Offences are counted by kind in
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the client's history. Two kinds lead to a ban, each by its own rule:
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a clear sign of attack, breaks a limit, or is refused by a rule file or the Core
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Rule Set. Offences are counted by kind in the client's history. Two kinds lead
|
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to a ban, each by its own rule:
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- A clear sign of attack: a request that matches a rule file rule whose action
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is `ban`, or asks for a path in `SWWAF_TRAP_PATHS`. Examples are a probe for a
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@@ -414,10 +414,10 @@ The settings, by group:
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to send its request line and headers, and then, from the end of the
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headers, its body.
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- `SWWAF_CLIENT_REQUEST_HEADER_MAX_BYTES` (default `32K`): the largest
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request line and headers a client may send. Over it, Go's HTTP server
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answers `431` and closes the connection, and nothing reaches the app. It
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must be more than `4K`, and cannot be `off`: Go's HTTP server always has
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such a limit, and reads 4 KiB past the one it is given before it refuses.
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request line and headers a client may send. Over it, `smallwebwaf` answers
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`431` and closes the connection, and nothing reaches the app. It must be
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more than `4K`, and cannot be `off`: Go's HTTP server always has such a
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limit, and reads 4 KiB past the one it is given before it refuses.
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- `SWWAF_CLIENT_IDLE_TIMEOUT` (default `120s`): how long a kept-open
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connection may wait for its next request before `smallwebwaf` closes it.
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It is longer than the 90 seconds after which traefik, by default, closes a
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@@ -435,13 +435,12 @@ The settings, by group:
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the client sends it and the app receives it.
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- `SWWAF_RESPONSE_MAX_BYTES` (default `5G`): the largest response body, as
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the app sends it and the client receives it.
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- When a limit is passed after a request's line and headers have been read,
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but before the response has started, `smallwebwaf` answers itself: `413`
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for a request body that is too large, `408` for a client too slow to send
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its body, `502` for a response that is too large, `504` for an app that is
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too slow. A request that announces a body larger than its limit is refused
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before anything reaches the app. Once the response has started it can only
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be cut off, and the connection is closed.
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- When a limit is passed before the response has started, `smallwebwaf`
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answers itself: `413` for a request body that is too large, `408` for a
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client that is too slow, `502` for a response that is too large, `504` for
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an app that is too slow. A request that announces a body larger than its
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limit is refused before anything reaches the app. Once the response has
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started it can only be cut off, and the connection is closed.
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- Since a request body streams through, each side can hold up the other: a
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slow client slows the send to the app, and an app slow to take the body
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slows the client's send. So while a request body is still on its way, a
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@@ -451,11 +450,10 @@ The settings, by group:
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waiting for the app to take what it had.
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- Go's HTTP server, on which `smallwebwaf` is built, reads a request's line
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and headers before `smallwebwaf` sees the request. A client that takes
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longer than `SWWAF_CLIENT_REQUEST_TIMEOUT` to send them gets either no
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answer or an error answer from the server, mostly `400 Bad Request`;
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either way the server closes its connection and nothing reaches the app.
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Headers over `SWWAF_CLIENT_REQUEST_HEADER_MAX_BYTES` are answered `431` by
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the server itself. Neither request gets a line in the request log.
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longer than `SWWAF_CLIENT_REQUEST_TIMEOUT` to send them gets no answer:
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the server closes its connection. Headers over
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`SWWAF_CLIENT_REQUEST_HEADER_MAX_BYTES` are answered `431` by the server
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itself. Neither request gets a line in the request log.
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- A WebSocket connection leaves these limits behind once it is upgraded: it
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stays open until either side closes it.
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- Lookup of AS number and country (R7). On by default through GeoJS, which needs
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@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
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# Admin endpoints
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The endpoints under `/_smallwebwaf/`, what each takes and what each answers.
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"Admin endpoints" in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md) says which checks they go through
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and how their tokens work.
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- `GET /_smallwebwaf/healthz`: `200` and `ok`, to anyone.
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- `GET /_smallwebwaf/metrics`: the metrics, for `SWWAF_METRICS_TOKEN` (see
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[`metrics.md`](metrics.md)).
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- `GET /_smallwebwaf/bans`: every ban held, under `bans`, each as `bans.json`
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lists it. Needs `SWWAF_ADMIN_TOKEN`, as do the three below.
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- `POST /_smallwebwaf/bans`: bans a netblock. The body is a JSON object of
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`netblock`, `duration` and, if you like, `reason`. `netblock` is a netblock
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such as `203.0.113.0/24`, or a client's address, which bans its IPv4 netblock
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(`SWWAF_BAN_SCOPE_V4_PREFIX`) or its IPv6 group. `duration` is a duration such
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as `1h` or `7d`, or `permanent`. A bad body is answered `400`, saying what is
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wrong:
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- one that is not such an object, or has another field;
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- one longer than 4 KiB;
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- one that names an IPv4-mapped netblock, or an address with a zone.
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- `DELETE /_smallwebwaf/bans/<client>`: lifts every active ban covering the
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address `<client>`. It answers `404` when none is active.
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- `GET /_smallwebwaf/clients/<ip>`: what `smallwebwaf` knows of the client.
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Under `client`, its counters and history as `clients.json` holds them, or
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`null` when `clients.json` does not hold it. Under `bans`, every ban covering
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the address, with its notes.
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## Examples
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With `SWWAF_ADMIN_TOKEN` set, and the token in `$TOKEN`:
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```sh
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# Every ban.
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curl -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" https://app.example/_smallwebwaf/bans
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# Ban 203.0.113.0/24 for seven days.
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curl -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" \
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--json '{"netblock": "203.0.113.0/24", "duration": "7d", "reason": "probes for logins"}' \
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https://app.example/_smallwebwaf/bans
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# Lift the bans on 203.0.113.9.
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curl -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" -X DELETE \
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https://app.example/_smallwebwaf/bans/203.0.113.9
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# What smallwebwaf knows of 203.0.113.9.
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curl -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" \
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https://app.example/_smallwebwaf/clients/203.0.113.9
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```
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-130
@@ -1,130 +0,0 @@
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# Alerts
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The alert events, the JSON object the webhook gets, and the messages Slack and
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ntfy get. "Alerting" in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md) says when an alert is sent, held
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back or dropped.
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## Events
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- `ban`: a ban `smallwebwaf` made.
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- `permanent_ban`: a permanent ban it made, or an existing ban made permanent by
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a request.
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- `waf_block`: the Core Rule Set scored a request at or over the threshold. The
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request was refused unless the alert's `detail` gives `mode`: `detect` or
|
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`observe`.
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- `anomaly`: a count over an anomaly threshold.
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- `reputation_hit`: a request from a client on a blocklist, the CrowdSec
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decision list or a DNS blocklist, or with an AbuseIPDB score that is a hit.
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One alert per source.
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- `source_failure`: one of:
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- GeoJS failing;
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- a list that cannot be fetched;
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- a DNS blocklist or AbuseIPDB failing or refusing a query;
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- the day's AbuseIPDB checks used up.
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- `file_error`: one of:
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- a rule file or state file edit with an error;
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- a state file that cannot be written;
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- a replacement lookup database that cannot be read.
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- `summary`: the hourly summary of alerts held back.
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## The JSON object
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This is the alert for a ban for a broken rate limit, shown indented; it is sent
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on one line:
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```json
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{
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"instance": "fsn1app1/gitea",
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"time": "2026-10-06T12:00:00.123461Z",
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"event": "ban",
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"client": "203.0.113.9",
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"netblock": "203.0.113.9/32",
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"asn": "",
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"as_name": "",
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"country": "",
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"reason": "requests per minute over the limit of 1000",
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"detail": {
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"ban_expires": "2026-10-06T13:00:00.123Z",
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"cause": "limit",
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"notes": {
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"asn": "",
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"as_name": "",
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"country": "",
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"kind": "requests",
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"limit": 1000,
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"window": "minute",
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"count": 1001,
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"request": {
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"time": "2026-10-06T12:00:00.123456789Z",
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"method": "GET",
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"host": "app.example",
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"path": "/owner/repo/commits/branch/main?page=812",
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"status": 403,
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"user_agent": "scraper/1.0"
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},
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"requests": 5210,
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"refused": 0,
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"earlier_bans": {
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"limit": 0,
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"attack": 0,
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"admin": 0,
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"crowdsec": 0
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}
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}
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},
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"suppressed_repeats": 0
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}
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```
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- `instance`: `SWWAF_INSTANCE_NAME`. `time`: when the alert was raised. `event`:
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one of the events above.
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- `client`: the address whose request raised the alert. Empty for
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`source_failure` and `file_error`.
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- `netblock`: empty for `source_failure` and `file_error`; otherwise one of:
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- the ban's netblock;
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- the netblock an anomaly counted;
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- for the other events, the client as rate limiting counts it: an IPv4
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address as a /32, or an IPv6 group.
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- `asn`, `as_name` and `country`: the client's, as known when the alert was
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raised. They are empty when GeoJS had not answered yet.
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- `reason`: a short sentence, such as
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`requests per minute over the limit of 1000` or `listed by a blocklist`.
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||||
- `detail`: what is particular to the event:
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||||
- for a ban, its `cause`, `ban_expires` and `notes` (the notes are listed
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under `bans.json` in [`state-files.md`](state-files.md));
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||||
- for an anomaly, the `scope`, `window`, `kind`, `count` and `threshold`;
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- for a reputation hit, the `source` and, for AbuseIPDB, the `score`;
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- for a Core Rule Set match, the `rule_ids`, `score`, `method` and `path`;
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- for a source failure, the `source` and `error`;
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- for a file error, the `file` and `error`;
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- `mode`, when the request was not refused: `detect` or `observe`.
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- `suppressed_repeats`: how many repeats the cooldown held back before this
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||||
alert.
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||||
|
||||
## Slack and ntfy
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Slack and ntfy get a message with a title and a text. The title is the instance
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||||
and the event, such as `fsn1app1/gitea: ban`. The text is the `reason`, then one
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||||
line for each of these that the alert has:
|
||||
|
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- the client, the netblock and the country;
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||||
- the file, the source, the error and the mode from `detail`;
|
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- the suppressed repeats, if any.
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||||
|
||||
Slack gets the title in bold and the text below it, with `&`, `<` and `>`
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||||
escaped. ntfy gets the text as the message, with these headers:
|
||||
|
||||
- `Title`: the title;
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||||
- `Authorization`: the token, as `Bearer <token>`, while
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||||
`SWWAF_ALERT_NTFY_TOKEN` is set;
|
||||
- `Priority` and `Tags`: by event, as listed below.
|
||||
|
||||
The priority and tag by event:
|
||||
|
||||
- `ban`: priority `default`, tag `no_entry`.
|
||||
- `permanent_ban`: priority `high`, tag `no_entry`.
|
||||
- `waf_block`: priority `default`, tag `shield`.
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||||
- `anomaly`: priority `high`, tag `chart_with_upwards_trend`.
|
||||
- `reputation_hit`: priority `low`, tag `label`.
|
||||
- `source_failure` and `file_error`: priority `high`, tag `warning`.
|
||||
- `summary`: priority `default`, tag `bar_chart`.
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||||
-215
@@ -1,215 +0,0 @@
|
||||
# smallwebwaf in front of gitea
|
||||
|
||||
These notes record what `smallwebwaf` does in front of gitea at the default
|
||||
settings. They are observations, not requirements; the requirements are in
|
||||
[`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md). `script/gitea-requests` runs gitea behind the image and
|
||||
sends through it a sample of gitea's ordinary use and the requests named below.
|
||||
It reports each request the Core Rule Set refuses, so that these notes can be
|
||||
checked again when gitea or the Core Rule Set changes version.
|
||||
|
||||
## What the defaults cover
|
||||
|
||||
- SSH access to gitea does not pass through `smallwebwaf` and is not protected
|
||||
by it.
|
||||
- A clone is a response. It fits the defaults of 30 minutes and 5 GiB for all
|
||||
but the largest repositories and slowest links.
|
||||
- A push is a request, and so is every other upload:
|
||||
- a git push;
|
||||
- an LFS object;
|
||||
- a container image layer;
|
||||
- a package file;
|
||||
- a release attachment.
|
||||
|
||||
At the defaults, an upload larger than 100 MiB or taking more than 60
|
||||
seconds is cut off ("Size and time limits" in `SPEC.md`). A gitea that takes
|
||||
large uploads needs `SWWAF_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES`,
|
||||
`SWWAF_CLIENT_REQUEST_TIMEOUT` and `SWWAF_UPSTREAM_REQUEST_TIMEOUT` raised
|
||||
to fit.
|
||||
|
||||
- Archive download and blame or history pages are what scrapers hammer. The
|
||||
request limits do most of the work there.
|
||||
- An Actions runner that reaches gitea through `smallwebwaf` sends requests all
|
||||
day. One older than version 0.4 (April 2026) asks for work every 2 seconds,
|
||||
43,200 requests a day, and reports a running job's log and state every second.
|
||||
So it passes the day limit of 50,000 after about an hour and a quarter of
|
||||
jobs. It is then banned, the job it is running fails, and each repeat within a
|
||||
day makes the ban longer. Newer runners ask less often, but a busy one, or
|
||||
several on one address, can still pass it. Put the runners' addresses in
|
||||
`SWWAF_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_NETS`.
|
||||
|
||||
## What the Core Rule Set lets through
|
||||
|
||||
At the defaults, the Core Rule Set lets gitea's ordinary use through, apart from
|
||||
the refusals in the next section:
|
||||
|
||||
- browsing and views of files in a repository, with their history, blame and the
|
||||
file tree;
|
||||
- diffs, including their hidden lines and large files, and pull request review;
|
||||
- git's clone, fetch and push over HTTP;
|
||||
- signing in, including the return to the page a visitor came from, and sign-in
|
||||
with Git Credential Manager, git-credential-oauth or tea;
|
||||
- the API's calls for a file and its commits;
|
||||
- pushing and pulling container images and packages;
|
||||
- Actions runners, and artifacts uploaded with `actions/upload-artifact@v4`;
|
||||
- posting issues, pull requests, comments, wiki pages and files saved in the web
|
||||
editor, code included, since no body is read;
|
||||
- the page gitea shows after a change, with its message naming what was done.
|
||||
|
||||
## What the Core Rule Set still refuses
|
||||
|
||||
Each refusal answers only that request ("Bans" in `SPEC.md` says what it counts
|
||||
toward). The request log names the rule in `waf_rule_ids`, which
|
||||
`SWWAF_WAF_DISABLED_RULES` can switch off.
|
||||
|
||||
### A query string that reads as an attack
|
||||
|
||||
Most often this is a search. A search term is a query parameter, which the Core
|
||||
Rule Set checks against its lists of system files and commands (see the fourth
|
||||
change under "Attack detection" in `SPEC.md`). A release attachment uploaded
|
||||
through the API as `docker-compose.yml` is refused the same way. Examples:
|
||||
|
||||
- a name on those lists, such as `package.json`, `.gitignore` or
|
||||
`docker-compose.yml`;
|
||||
- text that starts with a command name, such as `python3` or `ssh key`, or has
|
||||
one right after a `/` in its first word, such as `feat/docker-support`;
|
||||
- a shell command with its options or a system path (`ls -la`, `sed -i`,
|
||||
`/bin/sh`), or a command in backticks;
|
||||
- script code (`fetch(`, `${VAR}`, `process.env`), HTML (`<img src=`) or an SQL
|
||||
statement (`SELECT * FROM users WHERE`);
|
||||
- a URL naming an IP address or `localhost`.
|
||||
|
||||
### A branch, tag or file name that starts with a command name
|
||||
|
||||
The Core Rule Set's list of commands (932260) holds names such as `docker-`,
|
||||
`python3`, `ansible`, `base64` and `whoami`. A query parameter holding a branch,
|
||||
tag or file name that starts with one is refused. So is one that has such a name
|
||||
right after a `/`, such as `feat/docker-support`, `fix/docker-build` or
|
||||
`renovate/docker-build-push-action-6.x`. gitea's own pages send the name in a
|
||||
query parameter that 930120, 932160 and 932260 still check:
|
||||
|
||||
- `refSubUrl`, the branch or tag of a directory listing. A listing sends it when
|
||||
it asks for its entries' last commits in a second request. It does so whenever
|
||||
gitea takes more than a second to work them out;
|
||||
- `name`, when a branch is deleted or restored on the branches page;
|
||||
- `tag`, when a release is started from a tag;
|
||||
- `template`, the file of an issue template, when an issue is opened from it;
|
||||
- `rule_name`, when a branch protection rule is opened for editing in the
|
||||
repository's settings or has just been saved.
|
||||
|
||||
What a visitor sees, for a branch named `docker-build`:
|
||||
|
||||
- A directory listing that makes that second request leaves those last commits
|
||||
out and shows an error.
|
||||
- The branches page shows an error instead of deleting or restoring the branch.
|
||||
- A release started from such a tag gets the `403` answer of `smallwebwaf` in
|
||||
place of its form. So does an issue opened from such a template, and such a
|
||||
rule opened for editing.
|
||||
- Saving such a rule stores it. gitea then returns to the branch settings page,
|
||||
which gets the `403` answer, so the save looks as if it failed.
|
||||
|
||||
### A file name in a query parameter that trips the code rules
|
||||
|
||||
The Core Rule Set's rules for Java, script, PowerShell and SQL find what they
|
||||
look for in some file names. This holds too in the ten query parameters that
|
||||
930120, 932160 and 932260 do not check (see the fourth change under "Attack
|
||||
detection" in `SPEC.md`). Examples:
|
||||
|
||||
- `runtime` in OpenJDK's `src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Runtime.java`
|
||||
(944110);
|
||||
- a Java class, as in `java.lang.String.md` (944130);
|
||||
- `document.write.js` (941180);
|
||||
- `process.env.d.ts` (934100);
|
||||
- `__proto__` (934130);
|
||||
- the PowerShell command `Install-Script`, as in `install-script.sh` (932120);
|
||||
- a database's name, as in PostgreSQL's `information_schema.sql` (942140).
|
||||
|
||||
For such a file, these requests are refused:
|
||||
|
||||
- the API's list of its commits (`path`);
|
||||
- the API's call for the contents of files that names it in its query (`body`);
|
||||
- the commit graph of that file alone (`file`);
|
||||
- the hidden lines of its diff (`path`), which stay hidden;
|
||||
- the sign-in page, for a visitor who opens a page of the file that needs
|
||||
signing in, such as its edit page (`redirect_to`). The visitor can still sign
|
||||
in by opening the sign-in page itself.
|
||||
|
||||
### A path
|
||||
|
||||
- A file name ending in `~`, or an `.xhtml` file whose path holds a space.
|
||||
- A path that holds what the Core Rule Set takes for a Java class (944130), as
|
||||
`java.lang.String.md` and
|
||||
`META-INF/services/org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory` do.
|
||||
- A path that holds what it takes for Node.js code (934100), as
|
||||
`process.env.d.ts` does.
|
||||
- A path with a directory named `...` (930100, 930110), such as `.../notes.txt`.
|
||||
|
||||
For such a file, these are refused:
|
||||
|
||||
- the page of the file;
|
||||
- its raw file;
|
||||
- its history and its blame;
|
||||
- its edit page.
|
||||
|
||||
The directory that holds it lists it, and a clone carries it.
|
||||
|
||||
### A container image push that reuses a layer
|
||||
|
||||
A push can reuse a layer of an image docker has pushed to that gitea before.
|
||||
docker then asks gitea to take the layer from that image, naming it in the query
|
||||
parameter `from`, which 932260 checks. The request is refused when the image's
|
||||
owner starts with an entry on the list of commands. It is refused too when the
|
||||
image's name after the owner starts with one. Examples are `owner/python3-app`,
|
||||
`owner/docker-base`, and any image of an owner named `ansible` or `docker-team`.
|
||||
|
||||
What happens next depends on docker's image store. A docker that keeps its
|
||||
images in containerd's image store fails the push, and fails each new try the
|
||||
same way. A new install of Docker Engine 29 does this. A docker that keeps them
|
||||
in its own older image store uploads the layer instead. The push then succeeds
|
||||
after one refusal for each layer it reuses, and each of those refusals counts
|
||||
toward the error burst ("Attack detection" in `SPEC.md`).
|
||||
|
||||
### Artifact uploads from `actions/upload-artifact@v3`
|
||||
|
||||
This action sends the header `Content-Range`, which the Core Rule Set refuses
|
||||
(920450). The action sends two files at a time, does not retry a `403`, and
|
||||
sends no further file once one is refused. So an upload is refused once or
|
||||
twice, however many files it holds, and the step fails. One upload does not ban
|
||||
the runner. The error burst ("Attack detection" in `SPEC.md`) bans it after more
|
||||
than 30 such refusals from its address in a minute, as when many jobs upload at
|
||||
once. `actions/upload-artifact@v4` does not send the header.
|
||||
|
||||
## What body inspection refuses
|
||||
|
||||
With `SWWAF_WAF_BODY_LIMIT` set, the Core Rule Set reads request bodies too. In
|
||||
front of gitea it then refuses these, until their rule ids, named in the request
|
||||
log, are added to `SWWAF_WAF_DISABLED_RULES`:
|
||||
|
||||
- issue and comment text, wiki pages and files saved in the web editor that hold
|
||||
shell commands or code (932125, 932235, 932250 and others);
|
||||
- package descriptions that show code;
|
||||
- PyPI uploads (922130);
|
||||
- attachments named like `debug.log` or `config.yml` (932180).
|
||||
|
||||
## What `script/gitea-requests` sends
|
||||
|
||||
Of the requests above, the script sends:
|
||||
|
||||
- for each file named under "A file name in a query parameter that trips the
|
||||
code rules", the API's list of its commits;
|
||||
- for `Runtime.java` alone, the commit graph of that file, the hidden lines of
|
||||
its diff, and the API's call for the contents of files that names it;
|
||||
- the sign-in page for a visitor who opens the edit page of `document.write.js`;
|
||||
- the pages of `java.lang.String.md`,
|
||||
`META-INF/services/org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory`, `process.env.d.ts`
|
||||
and `.../notes.txt`;
|
||||
- one container image push that reuses a layer, which it does not try again.
|
||||
|
||||
It does not send the raw file, history, blame or edit page of those four files,
|
||||
or the pages of the directories `META-INF/services` and `...`. It also sends a
|
||||
short sample of gitea's ordinary use:
|
||||
|
||||
- signing in;
|
||||
- pages of files and commits, and a diff;
|
||||
- the API;
|
||||
- a push, and clone and fetch over HTTP;
|
||||
- two container image pushes.
|
||||
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
|
||||
# What the image holds
|
||||
|
||||
The contents of the `smallwebwaf` image, and how each part is pinned.
|
||||
"Deployment" in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md) says why each part is there and why it
|
||||
is pinned that way.
|
||||
|
||||
## Contents
|
||||
|
||||
- Ubuntu 26.04 LTS, pinned by digest.
|
||||
- `ca-certificates`, `nix-bin` and `runit` from Ubuntu, from the snapshot of its
|
||||
archive at `20261001T000000Z`.
|
||||
- Nix, with nixpkgs `nixos-26.05.11045.774debe7a0d1` set up for root as
|
||||
`nixpkgs`. No Nix daemon; `build-users-group =` in `/etc/nix/nix.conf`. Root's
|
||||
Nix profile, `/nix/var/nix/profiles/default/bin`, last on the `PATH`.
|
||||
Unpacked, nixpkgs takes about 500 MiB.
|
||||
- `runsvinit` as the entrypoint, built from `github.com/peterbourgon/runsvinit`
|
||||
at a fixed commit hash.
|
||||
- The `smallwebwaf` binary, and the user `smallwebwaf` (uid and gid 65532).
|
||||
- The service directory `/etc/service/smallwebwaf`, with the `run` script
|
||||
`share/smallwebwaf.run`.
|
||||
- `/var/lib/smallwebwaf` for the state files, and `/etc/smallwebwaf/rules.d`
|
||||
with the default rule file `share/rules.d/00-default.rules`.
|
||||
- `EXPOSE 8080`, and the `HEALTHCHECK` that runs `smallwebwaf healthcheck`.
|
||||
|
||||
## Pins
|
||||
|
||||
- Ubuntu's packages: the snapshot service, `--snapshot 20261001T000000Z` on both
|
||||
`apt-get update` and `apt-get install`. The SHA-256 hash of each of the
|
||||
snapshot's `InRelease` files is named in the `Dockerfile` and checked after
|
||||
`apt-get update`. The hashes are the amd64 archive's.
|
||||
- nixpkgs: the release file `nixexprs.tar.xz` of
|
||||
`nixos-26.05.11045.774debe7a0d1` on `releases.nixos.org`, named with its
|
||||
SHA-256 hash.
|
||||
- `runsvinit`: the archived repository, unchanged since 2015, at its last commit
|
||||
(`b4b2c78`, eight commits after `v2.0.0`), by commit hash, with a `go.mod` the
|
||||
build writes.
|
||||
- The Go image that builds `smallwebwaf`: by digest.
|
||||
@@ -1,81 +0,0 @@
|
||||
# The metrics
|
||||
|
||||
The metrics `GET /_smallwebwaf/metrics` answers with, as "Metrics endpoint" in
|
||||
[`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md) describes it. Prometheus keeps the `instance` label as
|
||||
`exported_instance` unless the scrape sets `honor_labels: true`.
|
||||
|
||||
## Traffic
|
||||
|
||||
- `smallwebwaf_requests_total`, `smallwebwaf_request_bytes_total` and
|
||||
`smallwebwaf_response_bytes_total`, by `status_class` such as `2xx` and by
|
||||
`action`;
|
||||
- `smallwebwaf_request_duration_seconds` and
|
||||
`smallwebwaf_upstream_duration_seconds`, as histograms;
|
||||
- `smallwebwaf_requests_in_flight`.
|
||||
|
||||
## Limits and bans
|
||||
|
||||
- `smallwebwaf_rate_limit_hits_total`, by `window` and by `kind` (`requests`,
|
||||
`bytes` or `refusals`);
|
||||
- `smallwebwaf_size_and_time_limit_hits_total`, by `limit`, the setting passed;
|
||||
- `smallwebwaf_offences_total`, by `kind`;
|
||||
- `smallwebwaf_bans_made_total`, by `cause`;
|
||||
- `smallwebwaf_active_bans` and `smallwebwaf_permanent_bans`.
|
||||
|
||||
## Attack detection
|
||||
|
||||
- `smallwebwaf_rule_matches_total`, by `rule_id` and `action`, and
|
||||
`smallwebwaf_rules_loaded`;
|
||||
- `smallwebwaf_waf_matches_total`, by `mode` and `rule_id`, for the rules that
|
||||
fired.
|
||||
|
||||
## Countries and AS numbers
|
||||
|
||||
For the `SWWAF_METRICS_TOP_N` busiest of each, the rest as `other`:
|
||||
|
||||
- `smallwebwaf_country_requests_total`,
|
||||
`smallwebwaf_country_request_bytes_total`,
|
||||
`smallwebwaf_country_response_bytes_total` and
|
||||
`smallwebwaf_country_list_refusals_total`, by `country`;
|
||||
- `smallwebwaf_asn_requests_total`, `smallwebwaf_asn_request_bytes_total` and
|
||||
`smallwebwaf_asn_response_bytes_total`, by `asn`.
|
||||
|
||||
## Lookups
|
||||
|
||||
- `smallwebwaf_geojs_requests_total` and `smallwebwaf_geojs_failures_total`;
|
||||
- `smallwebwaf_geojs_unanswered_total`: the requests that needed an answer and
|
||||
went on without it;
|
||||
- with the file source,
|
||||
`smallwebwaf_lookup_database_last_read_timestamp_seconds` and
|
||||
`smallwebwaf_lookup_database_read_failures_total`.
|
||||
|
||||
## Reputation sources
|
||||
|
||||
By `source`: each list's URL, each zone, and `abuseipdb`:
|
||||
|
||||
- `smallwebwaf_reputation_hits_total`, `smallwebwaf_reputation_queries_total`
|
||||
and `smallwebwaf_reputation_failures_total`;
|
||||
- `smallwebwaf_reputation_last_fetch_timestamp_seconds`, for a list;
|
||||
- `smallwebwaf_reputation_daily_budget_remaining`, for AbuseIPDB.
|
||||
|
||||
## State files
|
||||
|
||||
By `file`:
|
||||
|
||||
- `smallwebwaf_state_file_writes_total`,
|
||||
`smallwebwaf_state_file_write_failures_total`,
|
||||
`smallwebwaf_state_file_last_write_timestamp_seconds` and
|
||||
`smallwebwaf_state_file_size_bytes`;
|
||||
- `smallwebwaf_state_file_edits_taken_in_total` and
|
||||
`smallwebwaf_state_file_edits_set_aside_total`;
|
||||
- `smallwebwaf_tracked_clients`: the clients in the table.
|
||||
|
||||
## Remote log, alerts and the process
|
||||
|
||||
- while a syslog server is set, `smallwebwaf_remote_log_lines_sent_total`,
|
||||
`smallwebwaf_remote_log_lines_dropped_total` and
|
||||
`smallwebwaf_remote_log_buffer_depth`;
|
||||
- by `destination`, `smallwebwaf_alerts_sent_total`,
|
||||
`smallwebwaf_alerts_failed_total`, `smallwebwaf_alerts_suppressed_total` and
|
||||
`smallwebwaf_alerts_dropped_total`;
|
||||
- Go's own `go_` metrics and the process's `process_` metrics.
|
||||
@@ -1,119 +0,0 @@
|
||||
# The request log's fields
|
||||
|
||||
The fields of the JSON object `smallwebwaf` writes for each request. "Request
|
||||
log" in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md) says when a line is written and how the log is
|
||||
sent to a syslog server. A field that does not apply to a request is left out.
|
||||
|
||||
## Example
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
{"type":"request","time":"2026-10-03T12:00:00.123Z","instance":"fsn1app1/gitea","client_ip":"203.0.113.9","method":"GET","scheme":"https","host":"app.example","path":"/","query":"","protocol":"HTTP/1.1","status":200,"request_bytes":0,"response_bytes":5120,"referer":"","user_agent":"curl/8.9.1","request_id":"7Q2NHZ4KJ3VXW5YB6R3MEFTD2A","peer_ip":"172.18.0.2","forwarded_for":"203.0.113.9","client_group":"203.0.113.9/32","asn":"AS64496","as_name":"Example Net","country":"DE","request_headers":{"accept":"*/*"},"response_content_type":"text/html; charset=utf-8","upstream_status":200,"action":"forward","counts":{"minute":1,"hour":12,"day":40,"minute_bytes":5120,"hour_bytes":61440,"day_bytes":204800},"duration_total":3.217,"duration_checks":0.041,"duration_upstream_connect":0.052,"duration_upstream_first_byte":2.874,"duration_upstream_total":3.104}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Every line
|
||||
|
||||
Every line has:
|
||||
|
||||
- `type`: `request` (the process's own messages have `process`);
|
||||
- the standard web log fields;
|
||||
- `request_id`, `peer_ip` and `client_group`;
|
||||
- `asn`, `as_name` and `country`;
|
||||
- `action` and `duration_total`.
|
||||
|
||||
## Standard web log fields
|
||||
|
||||
- `time`: when the request arrived, RFC 3339 with milliseconds, in UTC;
|
||||
- `instance`: `SWWAF_INSTANCE_NAME`;
|
||||
- `client_ip`, `method`, `scheme`, `host`, `path`, `query`, `protocol`;
|
||||
- `status`: what the client was sent, `0` if nothing;
|
||||
- `request_bytes` and `response_bytes`: body bytes each way;
|
||||
- `referer` and `user_agent`.
|
||||
|
||||
## Request detail
|
||||
|
||||
- `request_id`: the `X-Request-ID` a trusted proxy sent, or a new random one of
|
||||
26 letters and digits.
|
||||
- `peer_ip`: the TCP peer, normally traefik.
|
||||
- `forwarded_for`: the `X-Forwarded-For` header as received.
|
||||
- `client_group`: the client as rate limiting counts it, an IPv4 address as a
|
||||
/32 or an IPv6 group.
|
||||
- `asn`, `as_name` and `country`: the client's, as looked up. Each is empty
|
||||
when:
|
||||
- lookups are off;
|
||||
- the client is not looked up;
|
||||
- the source cannot place the client;
|
||||
- GeoJS had not answered by the time the request went on.
|
||||
- `content_type` and `content_length`: the request's own.
|
||||
- `request_headers`: the headers listed in `SWWAF_LOG_REQUEST_HEADERS`, by name
|
||||
in lower case.
|
||||
- `has_authorization` and `has_cookie`: true when the request had those headers.
|
||||
Their values are never logged.
|
||||
- `websocket`: true when the app switched the connection to another protocol.
|
||||
|
||||
## Response detail
|
||||
|
||||
- `upstream_status`: what the app answered. It differs from `status` when
|
||||
`smallwebwaf` answered itself.
|
||||
- `response_content_type`, `cache_control` and `location`: the answer's headers.
|
||||
- `aborted`: true when the client went away early.
|
||||
|
||||
## Decision
|
||||
|
||||
- `action`: what was done:
|
||||
- `forward`: passed to the app;
|
||||
- `denied`: refused for `SWWAF_DENY_NETS`, or for a reputation source with
|
||||
the action `deny`;
|
||||
- `banned`: refused under a ban, or for a `ban` rule, a trap path or a
|
||||
CrowdSec decision, each of which bans the client;
|
||||
- `country_denied`, `rate_limited`, `rule_blocked` and `waf_blocked`:
|
||||
refused by that check;
|
||||
- `too_large` and `timed_out`: a size or time limit was passed;
|
||||
- `upstream_error`: the app could not be reached, or its answer broke off;
|
||||
- `admin`: answered at one of `smallwebwaf`'s own endpoints.
|
||||
- `would_action`: in `observe` mode, what `enforce` mode would have done with a
|
||||
request it would have refused. `action` then names what was done, normally
|
||||
`forward`.
|
||||
- `limit_percent` and `limit_percent_setting`: the client's percentage of the
|
||||
rate limits and the setting that lowered it, when one did. `bytes_percent` and
|
||||
`bytes_percent_setting` do the same for the byte limits.
|
||||
- `counts`: the client's totals as rate limiting counts them, this request
|
||||
included. It is left out when rate limiting did not count the request. It
|
||||
holds:
|
||||
- `minute`, `hour` and `day`: requests;
|
||||
- `minute_bytes`, `hour_bytes` and `day_bytes`: bytes.
|
||||
|
||||
A count can have a fraction (see "Counting method" in
|
||||
[`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md)).
|
||||
|
||||
- `limit_hit`: the limit broken:
|
||||
- `minute`, `hour` or `day` for a rate limit;
|
||||
- `minute_bytes`, `hour_bytes` or `day_bytes` for a byte limit;
|
||||
- `error_burst`.
|
||||
|
||||
A request whose bytes broke a limit was passed on whole, so its `action`
|
||||
stays `forward`.
|
||||
|
||||
- `rule_ids`: the rule file rules that matched, in order, up to the one that
|
||||
refused.
|
||||
- `waf_score` and `waf_rule_ids`: the Core Rule Set's score and the rules that
|
||||
matched, for a request it inspected.
|
||||
- `reputation`: the sources the client is on, in this order:
|
||||
- blocklist URLs;
|
||||
- the CrowdSec decision list's URL;
|
||||
- DNS blocklist zones;
|
||||
- `abuseipdb`.
|
||||
- `offence`: `limit`, for a request that broke a limit.
|
||||
- `ban_expires`: when the client's ban ends, for a request that made one or was
|
||||
refused under one: a time, or `permanent`.
|
||||
|
||||
## Timings
|
||||
|
||||
All in milliseconds:
|
||||
|
||||
- `duration_total`: from the request's headers being read to its log line;
|
||||
- `duration_checks`: to the end of the checks, before forwarding;
|
||||
- `duration_waf`: the part of that the Core Rule Set took;
|
||||
- `duration_upstream_connect`: from the hand-over to the app until there was a
|
||||
connection;
|
||||
- `duration_upstream_first_byte`: until the first byte of the answer;
|
||||
- `duration_upstream_total`: until the end of the answer.
|
||||
@@ -1,67 +0,0 @@
|
||||
# Rule files
|
||||
|
||||
The format of a rule file, and the default file the image ships. "Rule files" in
|
||||
[`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md) says how the files are read, watched and mounted, and
|
||||
what each action leads to.
|
||||
|
||||
## The format
|
||||
|
||||
A rule is a line of four fields separated by spaces or tabs: an id, a target, an
|
||||
action and a regex. The regex runs to the end of the line. Blank lines and lines
|
||||
starting with `#` are ignored.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# id target action regex
|
||||
env-file path ban (?i)^/\.env(\.[a-z]+)?$
|
||||
scanner-agent user_agent ban (?i)\b(sqlmap|nikto|nuclei|wpscan)\b
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
- The id is letters, digits, `-` and `_`, unique across all files. The log line,
|
||||
the metrics, the alerts and a ban's notes name the rule by it.
|
||||
- The target is what the regex is matched against:
|
||||
- `path`: the path without the query;
|
||||
- `uri`: the path and the query together;
|
||||
- `query`: the query as sent;
|
||||
- `method`, `host`, `user_agent` and `referer`;
|
||||
- `header:<Name>`: any one request header but `Host` and
|
||||
`Transfer-Encoding`.
|
||||
- The action is `log`, `block` or `ban`.
|
||||
- The regex is in Go's syntax, RE2. It matches anywhere in the target unless
|
||||
anchored with `^` and `$`. `(?i)` at its front makes it ignore case.
|
||||
|
||||
## The default file
|
||||
|
||||
The image ships one file, `share/rules.d/00-default.rules`, installed as
|
||||
`/etc/smallwebwaf/rules.d/00-default.rules`:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# 00-default.rules: probes no real visitor sends, anchored at the site root
|
||||
|
||||
# id target action regex
|
||||
env-file path ban (?i)^/\.env(\.[a-z]+)?$
|
||||
vcs-dir path ban (?i)^/\.(git|svn|hg|bzr)(/|$)
|
||||
secrets-dir path ban (?i)^/\.(aws|ssh|docker|kube)/
|
||||
secret-file path ban (?i)^/\.(htpasswd|htaccess|npmrc|netrc|pgpass|git-credentials|bash_history|DS_Store)$
|
||||
editor-dir path ban (?i)^/\.(vscode|idea)/
|
||||
backup-file path ban (?i)^/[^/]+\.(php(\.[a-z0-9]+|~)|sql(\.[a-z0-9]+)?)$
|
||||
log-file path ban (?i)^/(debug|error|access)\.log$
|
||||
compose-file path ban (?i)^/(docker-)?compose\.ya?ml$
|
||||
php-shell path ban (?i)^/(shell|c99|r57|wso|alfa)\.php$
|
||||
scanner-agent user_agent ban (?i)\b(sqlmap|nikto|nuclei|masscan|zgrab|wpscan)\b
|
||||
path-traversal uri block (\.\./){2,}
|
||||
empty-agent user_agent log ^$
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## A file of your own
|
||||
|
||||
An app's `Dockerfile` adds rules of its own in a file named to sort after the
|
||||
default, such as `50-gitea.rules`:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# 50-gitea.rules: WordPress probes, which gitea never serves
|
||||
wp-probe path ban (?i)^/(wp-login\.php|xmlrpc\.php|wp-admin/)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
```dockerfile
|
||||
COPY 50-gitea.rules /etc/smallwebwaf/rules.d/50-gitea.rules
|
||||
```
|
||||
@@ -1,325 +0,0 @@
|
||||
# Settings
|
||||
|
||||
Every setting, its default and the values it takes, in the groups of "Settings"
|
||||
in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md). That section gives the conventions, the settings
|
||||
that take `off`, the `_FILE` form, and what each group does and why.
|
||||
|
||||
## Forms of values
|
||||
|
||||
- A duration is Go's syntax, with `d` for days: `90s`, `15m`, `24h`, `7d`. Zero
|
||||
and negative durations are refused.
|
||||
- A size is a number of bytes with an optional `K`, `M` or `G`, which are powers
|
||||
of 1024, so `1K` is 1024 bytes. Examples: `512K`, `100M`, `5G`.
|
||||
- A count is a whole number of requests, such as `1000`.
|
||||
- A list is comma separated, with spaces around items ignored. An empty item is
|
||||
refused.
|
||||
- A netblock is an address and a prefix length, such as `10.0.0.0/8`. A bare
|
||||
address stands for itself alone.
|
||||
- A country is a two-letter code of ISO 3166-1, in either case: `de` and `DE`
|
||||
are the same. `xk` stands for Kosovo. A code that is not a country is refused,
|
||||
such as `nk` (North Korea is `kp`) or the withdrawn `su`.
|
||||
- An AS number is `AS` and the number, in either case, such as `AS64496`.
|
||||
- A percentage is a whole number from 0 to 100.
|
||||
- A path prefix starts with `/`, such as `/assets/`.
|
||||
|
||||
## Core
|
||||
|
||||
- `SWWAF_UPSTREAM_URL` (default `http://127.0.0.1:8081`): the app. An `http` or
|
||||
`https` URL with a host and an optional port, and nothing more.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_LISTEN_ADDR` (default `:8080`): where `smallwebwaf` listens: `:` and a
|
||||
port, such as `:9000`. Leave the host out (see "Ports" in
|
||||
[`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md)).
|
||||
- `SWWAF_INSTANCE_NAME` (default: the container's host name): the `instance`
|
||||
name in every log line, alert and metric, such as `fsn1app1/gitea`. Valid
|
||||
UTF-8. No control character while `SWWAF_ALERT_NTFY_URL` is set. 1 to 48
|
||||
printable ASCII characters without a space while `SWWAF_LOG_REMOTE_URL` is set
|
||||
and `SWWAF_LOG_REMOTE_APP_NAME` is not.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_MODE` (default `enforce`): `enforce` or `observe`.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_TRUSTED_PROXIES` (default `10.0.0.0/8,172.16.0.0/12,192.168.0.0/16`):
|
||||
the netblocks whose `X-Forwarded-For` is believed. Set but empty, it trusts
|
||||
nothing.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_IPV6_GROUP_PREFIX` (default `64`): the prefix length of an IPv6
|
||||
client's group, from 32 to 128.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_MAX_TRACKED_CLIENTS` (default `20000`): the most clients kept, a whole
|
||||
number above zero.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_MAX_BANS` (default `5000`): how many of its own bans `smallwebwaf`
|
||||
keeps, a whole number above zero.
|
||||
|
||||
## Tokens
|
||||
|
||||
- `SWWAF_ADMIN_TOKEN` (default unset): the token for the ban endpoints and
|
||||
`/_smallwebwaf/clients/<ip>`. At least 32 characters.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_METRICS_TOKEN` (default unset): the token for `/_smallwebwaf/metrics`.
|
||||
At least 32 characters.
|
||||
|
||||
## State files
|
||||
|
||||
- `SWWAF_STATE_DIR` (default `/var/lib/smallwebwaf`): the directory of the state
|
||||
files, an absolute path that exists and can be written.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_STATE_WRITE_DELAY` (default `10s`): how long `bans.json` waits to be
|
||||
written after a ban is made, lifted or made permanent. A duration.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_STATE_COUNTER_INTERVAL` (default `15m`): how often every state file is
|
||||
written. A duration.
|
||||
|
||||
## Logging
|
||||
|
||||
- `SWWAF_LOG_LEVEL` (default `info`): the least severe of `smallwebwaf`'s own
|
||||
messages that are written: `debug`, `info`, `warn` or `error`.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_LOG_REQUEST_HEADERS` (default
|
||||
`accept,accept-language,accept-encoding,content-type,origin,range`): the
|
||||
request headers recorded in the log line, in either case. `Host` and
|
||||
`Transfer-Encoding` are refused; the host is the field `host`.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_LOG_REMOTE_URL` (default unset): a syslog server that also gets every
|
||||
line written to stdout: `syslog+udp://`, `syslog+tcp://` or `syslog+tls://`,
|
||||
each with a host and a port and nothing more.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_LOG_REMOTE_TLS_CA_FILE` (default unset): a file of PEM certificates
|
||||
that a `syslog+tls` server's certificate must chain to, instead of the host's
|
||||
own. A file that cannot be read, or holds no certificate, is refused.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_LOG_REMOTE_BUFFER` (default `10000`): the most lines held while they
|
||||
wait to be sent, a whole number above zero.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_LOG_REMOTE_FACILITY` (default `local0`): the syslog facility: `kern`,
|
||||
`user`, `mail`, `daemon`, `auth`, `syslog`, `lpr`, `news`, `uucp`, `cron`,
|
||||
`authpriv`, `ftp`, or `local0` to `local7`.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_LOG_REMOTE_APP_NAME` (default: `SWWAF_INSTANCE_NAME`): the app name in
|
||||
each syslog record, 1 to 48 printable ASCII characters without a space.
|
||||
|
||||
## Metrics
|
||||
|
||||
- `SWWAF_METRICS_TOP_N` (default `50`): how many AS numbers and how many
|
||||
countries get series of their own. A whole number above zero.
|
||||
|
||||
## Static lists
|
||||
|
||||
- `SWWAF_ALLOW_NETS` (default empty): netblocks you trust, such as your
|
||||
monitoring. Their clients are refused only for a size or time limit or a
|
||||
missing or wrong token.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_NETS` (default empty): netblocks whose clients are
|
||||
exempt from rate limiting and the byte limits.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_DENY_NETS` (default empty): netblocks whose clients are always refused.
|
||||
|
||||
## Request rate limits, per client
|
||||
|
||||
- `SWWAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE` (default `1000`), `SWWAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_HOUR`
|
||||
(default `10000`) and `SWWAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_DAY` (default `50000`): the most
|
||||
requests a client may make in each window. A count or `off`.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_PATHS` (default empty): path prefixes exempt from
|
||||
rate limiting and the byte limits, such as `/assets/`.
|
||||
|
||||
## Byte limits, per client
|
||||
|
||||
- `SWWAF_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE` (default `10G`), `SWWAF_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_HOUR`
|
||||
(default `20G`) and `SWWAF_BYTES_LIMIT_PER_DAY` (default `50G`): the most
|
||||
bytes counted for a client in each window. A size or `off`.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_BYTES_COUNT` (default `both`): which body bytes the byte limits count:
|
||||
`response`, `request` or `both`.
|
||||
|
||||
## Size and time limits
|
||||
|
||||
- `SWWAF_CLIENT_REQUEST_TIMEOUT` (default `60s`): how long a client may take to
|
||||
send its request line and headers, and then, from the end of the headers, its
|
||||
body. A duration or `off`.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_CLIENT_REQUEST_HEADER_MAX_BYTES` (default `32K`): the largest request
|
||||
line and headers. A size over `4K`; never `off`.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_CLIENT_IDLE_TIMEOUT` (default `120s`): how long a kept-open connection
|
||||
may wait for its next request before it is closed. A duration or `off`.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_CLIENT_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT` (default `30m`): how long the answer may take
|
||||
to reach the client, from the end of the request to the last byte. A duration
|
||||
or `off`.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_UPSTREAM_REQUEST_TIMEOUT` (default `60s`): how long connecting to the
|
||||
app and sending it the whole request may take. A duration or `off`.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_UPSTREAM_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT` (default `30m`): how long the app may take
|
||||
to send its whole answer. A duration or `off`.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES` (default `100M`): the largest request body. A size
|
||||
or `off`.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_RESPONSE_MAX_BYTES` (default `5G`): the largest response body. A size
|
||||
or `off`.
|
||||
|
||||
## Lookup of AS number and country
|
||||
|
||||
- `SWWAF_LOOKUP_SOURCE` (default `geojs`): `geojs`, `file` or `off`.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_LOOKUP_DB_PATH` (default empty): the IPinfo Lite database file, in its
|
||||
`.mmdb` form, for `SWWAF_LOOKUP_SOURCE=file`.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_LOOKUP_TIMEOUT` (default `1s`): how long a request waits for its
|
||||
client's first answer from GeoJS, and how long a request to GeoJS may take. A
|
||||
duration; never `off`.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_ADD_LOOKUP_HEADERS` (default `false`): `true` passes the app the
|
||||
client's AS number in `X-Client-ASN` and its country in `X-Client-Country`.
|
||||
|
||||
## Country lists
|
||||
|
||||
- `SWWAF_DENIED_COUNTRIES` (default empty): countries whose clients are refused,
|
||||
such as `cn,ru,kp`.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_EXCLUSIVELY_ALLOWED_COUNTRIES` (default empty): when set, the only
|
||||
countries whose clients get through, such as `us,de`. A country on both lists
|
||||
stops the start.
|
||||
|
||||
## Biased thresholds
|
||||
|
||||
- `SWWAF_ASN_LIMIT_PERCENT` (default empty): a list of AS numbers, each with `:`
|
||||
and a percentage, such as `AS14061:50,AS16276:50,AS45102:25`. An AS number
|
||||
listed twice is refused.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_COUNTRY_LIMIT_PERCENT` (default empty): the same by country, such as
|
||||
`cn:25,ru:50`.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_ASN_BYTES_PERCENT` and `SWWAF_COUNTRY_BYTES_PERCENT` (default empty):
|
||||
the same, for the byte limits alone.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_UNKNOWN_LIMIT_PERCENT` (default `100`): the percentage for a client the
|
||||
lookup cannot place.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_ASN_LIMIT_PERCENT_URL` (default unset): the `http` or `https` URL of a
|
||||
text file with one AS number and percentage on each line, such as
|
||||
`AS64496:50`. A URL that is also in `SWWAF_BLOCKLIST_URLS` is refused.
|
||||
|
||||
## Attack detection
|
||||
|
||||
- `SWWAF_RULES_DIR` (default `/etc/smallwebwaf/rules.d`): the directory of the
|
||||
rule files.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_RULES_ENABLED` (default `true`): `false` reads no rule file.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_TRAP_PATHS` (default empty): paths only scanners ask for, such as
|
||||
`/wp-login.php,/xmlrpc.php`. Each starts with `/` and holds no `?`.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_WAF_MODE` (default `block`): `off`, `detect` or `block`.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_WAF_PARANOIA_LEVEL` (default `1`): the Core Rule Set's paranoia level,
|
||||
from 1 to 4.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD` (default `5`): the score at which a request is a
|
||||
match. A whole number above zero, or `off`.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_WAF_DISABLED_RULES` (default
|
||||
`920340,920420,920440,920640,930130,930140`): the ids of Core Rule Set rules
|
||||
to switch off. Each a whole number above zero. An id from 900000 to 900999 is
|
||||
refused: those are the rules that set the Core Rule Set up, and
|
||||
`smallwebwaf`'s own.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_WAF_EXEMPT_PATHS` (default empty): path prefixes the Core Rule Set does
|
||||
not inspect.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_WAF_BODY_LIMIT` (default `off`): `off`, or how much of a request body
|
||||
the Core Rule Set reads, a size of at most `1G`.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_ERROR_BURST_THRESHOLD` (default `30`): the most refusals of one client
|
||||
in a minute for a rule match, a trap path, a Core Rule Set match or a failed
|
||||
token check. A count or `off`.
|
||||
|
||||
## Ban lengths, response and scope
|
||||
|
||||
- `SWWAF_BAN_RESPONSE` (default `403`): `403`, `429` or `close`.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_LIMIT_BAN_DURATION` (default `1h`): the ban for a first broken limit. A
|
||||
duration.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_LIMIT_BAN_REPEAT_WINDOW` (default `24h`): the time after a ban ends
|
||||
within which breaking a limit again lengthens the next ban. A duration.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_MAX_BAN_DURATION` (default `7d`): the longest ban for a broken limit;
|
||||
one that would be longer is permanent. A duration.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_ATTACK_BAN_DURATION` (default `7d`): the ban for a first clear sign of
|
||||
attack. A duration.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_BAN_SCOPE_V4_PREFIX` (default `32`): how much a ban on an IPv4 client
|
||||
covers: the prefix length of its netblock, from 0 to 32.
|
||||
|
||||
## Reputation
|
||||
|
||||
- `SWWAF_BLOCKLIST_URLS` (default empty): blocklists to fetch, such as
|
||||
`https://www.spamhaus.org/drop/drop.txt`. Each an `http` or `https` URL
|
||||
without a user or a fragment. A URL listed twice is refused.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_BLOCKLIST_REFRESH` (default `24h`): how long a list waits after its
|
||||
last try before it is fetched again. A duration of `1h` or more.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_BLOCKLIST_ACTION` (default `deny`): `deny`, `limit:<percent>` or `log`.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_DNSBL_ZONES` (default empty): the DNS blocklists to ask, such as
|
||||
`dnsbl.dronebl.org`. Each a DNS name of at most 189 characters. A Spamhaus
|
||||
zone carries its key, as in `<key>.xbl.dq.spamhaus.net`. A zone listed twice
|
||||
is refused, whatever its case or key.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_DNSBL_RESOLVER` (default unset): the resolver to ask the zones through,
|
||||
such as `192.0.2.53` or `[2001:db8::53]:5353`. An IP address with an optional
|
||||
port, 53 when none is given. Unset, the host's resolver is used.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_ABUSEIPDB_KEY` (default unset): the key of your AbuseIPDB account. A
|
||||
control character in it is refused.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_ABUSEIPDB_MIN_SCORE` (default `75`): the least abuse confidence score,
|
||||
from 0 to 100, that is a hit.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_ABUSEIPDB_DAILY_BUDGET` (default `900`): the most checks made in a day,
|
||||
a whole number above zero. AbuseIPDB's free accounts may make 1,000.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_CROWDSEC_LAPI_URL` (default unset): the local API of a CrowdSec engine
|
||||
you run, such as `http://172.17.0.1:8080`. An `http` or `https` URL without a
|
||||
user or a fragment; its decision list is at `v1/decisions` under it. Set
|
||||
without the key, it is refused. So is a decision list URL that is also in
|
||||
`SWWAF_BLOCKLIST_URLS`, or that is `SWWAF_ASN_LIMIT_PERCENT_URL`.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_CROWDSEC_LAPI_KEY` (default unset): the key the engine gave for
|
||||
`smallwebwaf`, as `cscli bouncers add smallwebwaf` prints it. Set without the
|
||||
URL, it is refused.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_REPUTATION_ACTION` (default `limit:25`): `deny`, `limit:<percent>` or
|
||||
`log`, for DNS blocklist and AbuseIPDB hits.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_REPUTATION_CACHE_TTL` (default `24h`): how long a zone's verdict or
|
||||
AbuseIPDB's score is used. A duration.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_REPUTATION_TIMEOUT` (default `2s`): how long a query to a zone or a
|
||||
check with AbuseIPDB may take. A duration.
|
||||
|
||||
## Alerting
|
||||
|
||||
- `SWWAF_ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL` (default unset): the webhook that receives each
|
||||
alert as a JSON object. An `http` or `https` URL without a user or a fragment.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_ALERT_WEBHOOK_HEADERS` (default empty): headers sent with each post,
|
||||
such as `Authorization:Bearer 0123456789abcdef`. A list of name, `:` and
|
||||
value. A value cannot hold a comma.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_ALERT_SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL` (default unset): the Slack incoming webhook
|
||||
that receives each alert as a message, checked as the webhook URL is.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_ALERT_NTFY_URL` (default unset): the ntfy topic that receives each
|
||||
alert, as the topic's full URL, such as `https://ntfy.sh/my-alerts`, checked
|
||||
as the webhook URL is.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_ALERT_NTFY_TOKEN` (default unset): an ntfy access token. A control
|
||||
character in it is refused.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_ALERT_EVENTS` (default
|
||||
`ban,permanent_ban,waf_block,anomaly,reputation_hit,source_failure,file_error`):
|
||||
the event types alerts are sent for, from those in [`alerts.md`](alerts.md)
|
||||
but `summary`. Any other name is refused.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_ALERT_COOLDOWN` (default `15m`): how long after an alert is sent its
|
||||
repeats are held back. A duration or `off`.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_ALERT_MAX_PER_HOUR` (default `60`): the most alerts sent in an hour. A
|
||||
whole number above zero, or `off`.
|
||||
|
||||
## Anomaly thresholds
|
||||
|
||||
Each scope has four thresholds: the most requests and the most bytes counted in
|
||||
a minute and in an hour. Requests are counts, bytes are sizes. Each is `off` by
|
||||
default. The four thresholds per client are:
|
||||
|
||||
- `SWWAF_ANOMALY_CLIENT_REQUESTS_PER_MINUTE`;
|
||||
- `SWWAF_ANOMALY_CLIENT_REQUESTS_PER_HOUR`;
|
||||
- `SWWAF_ANOMALY_CLIENT_BYTES_PER_MINUTE`;
|
||||
- `SWWAF_ANOMALY_CLIENT_BYTES_PER_HOUR`.
|
||||
|
||||
The other scopes' names have another prefix before the same four endings, such
|
||||
as `REQUESTS_PER_MINUTE`:
|
||||
|
||||
- `SWWAF_ANOMALY_NET_...`: per netblock around a client. Two settings give the
|
||||
netblock's length:
|
||||
- `SWWAF_ANOMALY_NET_V4_PREFIX` (default `24`, from 0 to 32) for an IPv4
|
||||
client;
|
||||
- `SWWAF_ANOMALY_NET_V6_PREFIX` (default `48`, from 0 to 128) for an IPv6
|
||||
client.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_ANOMALY_ASN_...`: per AS number. Needs a lookup source.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_ANOMALY_TOTAL_...`: the whole service.
|
||||
- `SWWAF_WATCH_...`: each netblock in `SWWAF_WATCH_NETS`, as a whole.
|
||||
`SWWAF_WATCH_NETS` (default empty) is a list of name, `=` and netblock, such
|
||||
as `office=203.0.113.0/24,scraper-x=198.51.100.0/22`. An item without `=` or a
|
||||
name, or with a bad netblock, is refused. So is a name used twice.
|
||||
|
||||
## Settings given as files
|
||||
|
||||
To give a token as a file, as "Tokens" under "Deployment" in
|
||||
[`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md) describes, make the file on the host:
|
||||
|
||||
```sh
|
||||
mkdir -p /srv/app/tokens
|
||||
openssl rand -hex 32 > /srv/app/tokens/metrics
|
||||
chown 65532:65532 /srv/app/tokens/metrics
|
||||
chmod 0400 /srv/app/tokens/metrics
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Then mount its directory into the container read-only, and name the file:
|
||||
|
||||
```sh
|
||||
docker run \
|
||||
-v /srv/app/tokens:/etc/smallwebwaf/tokens:ro \
|
||||
-e SWWAF_METRICS_TOKEN_FILE=/etc/smallwebwaf/tokens/metrics \
|
||||
...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Fixed limits
|
||||
|
||||
A few limits are fixed rather than settings:
|
||||
|
||||
- at most 100,000 GeoJS answers are kept;
|
||||
- at most 100,000 DNS blocklist verdicts and 100,000 AbuseIPDB scores are kept;
|
||||
- at most 1,000 DNS blocklist queries are under way at once;
|
||||
- at most 20,000 anomaly counters are kept;
|
||||
- each alert destination's queue holds at most 1,000 alerts.
|
||||
@@ -1,104 +0,0 @@
|
||||
# State files
|
||||
|
||||
The five JSON files in `SWWAF_STATE_DIR`, and what each holds. "Persistent
|
||||
state" in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md) says how they are written, read and edited.
|
||||
Each has a top-level `version` of 1.
|
||||
|
||||
## `bans.json`
|
||||
|
||||
Active and past bans: every ban an admin made, and up to `SWWAF_MAX_BANS` of
|
||||
those `smallwebwaf` made. Per entry:
|
||||
|
||||
- `netblock`, `start` and `expires` (`null` for a permanent ban);
|
||||
- `cause`: `attack`, `limit`, `admin` or `crowdsec`;
|
||||
- `reason`: a short reason;
|
||||
- `lifted`: when an admin lifted it, if one did;
|
||||
- `notes`: the notes below.
|
||||
|
||||
An entry an admin adds needs `netblock`, `start` and `expires`; `reason`,
|
||||
`notes` and `cause` may be left out, and the cause is then `admin`:
|
||||
|
||||
```json
|
||||
{
|
||||
"version": 1,
|
||||
"bans": [
|
||||
{
|
||||
"netblock": "203.0.113.0/24",
|
||||
"start": "2026-10-06T12:00:00Z",
|
||||
"expires": null,
|
||||
"reason": "probes for logins"
|
||||
}
|
||||
]
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
"Bans" in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md) says how an edit lifts, keeps or forgets a
|
||||
ban. The notes:
|
||||
|
||||
- `asn`, `as_name` and `country`: the client's, added when the lookup answers
|
||||
(empty when lookups are off);
|
||||
- for a broken limit, `kind` (`requests`, `bytes` or `refusals`), `limit`,
|
||||
`window` and `count`: what the limit was on, the limit, its window and the
|
||||
count reached;
|
||||
- `limit_percent` and `limit_percent_setting`: the client's percentage of that
|
||||
limit and the setting that gave it, when a setting lowered it;
|
||||
- for a clear sign of attack, `rule_id` and `target`, or `trap_path`;
|
||||
- `reputation`: the sources the client was on, each with its `source` and, for
|
||||
AbuseIPDB, its `score`;
|
||||
- `request`: the request that caused the ban, each text cut to 256 bytes:
|
||||
- `time`, `method` and `host`;
|
||||
- `path`, with its query string;
|
||||
- `status` and `user_agent`;
|
||||
- `requests` and `refused`: the netblock's requests since it was first seen, and
|
||||
how many this ban has refused so far, kept up to date while the ban lasts;
|
||||
- `earlier_bans`: how many earlier bans the netblock had, by cause.
|
||||
|
||||
## `clients.json`
|
||||
|
||||
Per client, one per line: its minute, hour and day counters, and its history
|
||||
since it was first seen:
|
||||
|
||||
- the first and last time seen;
|
||||
- the AS number, AS name and country last looked up, and when;
|
||||
- total requests, and how many were forwarded and how many refused;
|
||||
- bytes in each direction;
|
||||
- responses by status class;
|
||||
- offences by kind: `limit`, `attack`, `rule_blocked`, `waf_blocked` and
|
||||
`token_refused`.
|
||||
|
||||
## `lookups.json`
|
||||
|
||||
GeoJS answers, one per line:
|
||||
|
||||
- `client`;
|
||||
- `asn`, `as_name` and `country`;
|
||||
- `answered`: when GeoJS answered;
|
||||
- `used`: when the answer was last used.
|
||||
|
||||
## `reputation.json`
|
||||
|
||||
- the last good copy of each list fetched from a URL, with when it was last
|
||||
tried;
|
||||
- each DNS blocklist verdict still in use;
|
||||
- AbuseIPDB's scores, and the checks spent today.
|
||||
|
||||
## `alerts.json`
|
||||
|
||||
- the anomaly counters;
|
||||
- the alert cooldowns: for each event and netblock, source, file or anomaly
|
||||
scope, when it was last sent and the count of repeats held back since;
|
||||
- the alerts sent and held back in the current hour;
|
||||
- the alerts waiting for each destination.
|
||||
|
||||
## Sizes
|
||||
|
||||
- `clients.json`: about 1 KiB per client, about 20 MiB at the default
|
||||
`SWWAF_MAX_TRACKED_CLIENTS`. Written every 15 minutes, that is under 2 GiB of
|
||||
disk writes a day.
|
||||
- `bans.json`: about 1.2 KiB per ban, at most about 2.5 KiB, so about 6 MiB at
|
||||
the default `SWWAF_MAX_BANS`. Written every 15 minutes, a full file comes to
|
||||
about 600 MiB of writes a day, and a hundred new bans a day add about 600 MiB
|
||||
more.
|
||||
- `lookups.json`: about 150 bytes per answer, under 1.5 GiB of writes a day when
|
||||
full.
|
||||
- `reputation.json` and `alerts.json`: usually a few MiB or less.
|
||||
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ import (
|
||||
// limit while the Core Rule Set reads it, which it notes nothing of.
|
||||
func (rq *request) checkCoreRuleSet() string {
|
||||
cfg := rq.h.config
|
||||
if cfg.WAFMode == config.WAFModeOff || pathExempt(rq.in, cfg.WAFExemptPaths) {
|
||||
if cfg.WAFMode == config.WAFModeOff || pathExempt(rq.in.URL, cfg.WAFExemptPaths) {
|
||||
return ""
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -74,47 +74,6 @@ func TestPassesRequestAndAnswerUnchanged(t *testing.T) {
|
||||
wantRequestFields(t, line, addr, len(requestBody), len(answerBody))
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
func TestPassesThePathAsSent(t *testing.T) {
|
||||
t.Parallel()
|
||||
|
||||
for _, path := range []string{
|
||||
// An encoded slash and a character Go escapes: |, ^, and é sent
|
||||
// as its UTF-8 bytes.
|
||||
"/a%2Fb|c", "/feat%2Fx/file^1", "/x%2Fy/café",
|
||||
// A path starting with //, which Go would send as a scheme and
|
||||
// host if it were put in URL.Opaque.
|
||||
"//a%2Fb",
|
||||
} {
|
||||
t.Run(path, func(t *testing.T) {
|
||||
t.Parallel()
|
||||
|
||||
saw := make(chan string, 1)
|
||||
app := startApp(t, func(_ http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
|
||||
saw <- r.RequestURI
|
||||
})
|
||||
addr, out := startProxy(t, app.URL, nil)
|
||||
|
||||
conn := dial(t, addr)
|
||||
send(t, conn, "GET "+path+"?q=1 HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: "+appHost+"\r\n\r\n")
|
||||
|
||||
got := readResponse(t, conn)
|
||||
if got.status != http.StatusOK {
|
||||
t.Fatalf("status %d, want %d", got.status, http.StatusOK)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
target := <-saw
|
||||
if target != path+"?q=1" {
|
||||
t.Errorf("app saw %s, want %s", target, path+"?q=1")
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
line := out.requestLine(t)
|
||||
if line.Path != path {
|
||||
t.Errorf("log line has path %s, want %s", line.Path, path)
|
||||
}
|
||||
})
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// wantAppSaw checks that the app received the test's request unchanged.
|
||||
func wantAppSaw(t *testing.T, saw appSaw, body []byte) {
|
||||
t.Helper()
|
||||
@@ -209,13 +168,18 @@ func TestAddsNoContentTypeTheAppDidNotSend(t *testing.T) {
|
||||
})
|
||||
addr, _ := startProxy(t, app.URL, nil)
|
||||
|
||||
got := get(t, addr, "/")
|
||||
if got.header.Values("Content-Type") != nil {
|
||||
t.Errorf("client got Content-Type %q, want none",
|
||||
got.header.Get("Content-Type"))
|
||||
// Go's server guesses a Content-Type for an answer without one only
|
||||
// when the first part of the body goes out with the headers, which
|
||||
// happens to some answers and not others: the test asks many times.
|
||||
for range 50 {
|
||||
got := get(t, addr, "/")
|
||||
if got.header.Values("Content-Type") != nil {
|
||||
t.Fatalf("client got Content-Type %q, want none",
|
||||
got.header.Get("Content-Type"))
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
got = get(t, addr, "/typed")
|
||||
got := get(t, addr, "/typed")
|
||||
if got.header.Get("Content-Type") != typed {
|
||||
t.Errorf("client got Content-Type %q, want %q",
|
||||
got.header.Get("Content-Type"), typed)
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -185,9 +185,6 @@ func TestRateLimitCountsPathsThatAreNotExempt(t *testing.T) {
|
||||
"/assets/x%2Fy",
|
||||
"/assets/x%2fy",
|
||||
`/assets/x\y`,
|
||||
// The same with a character Go escapes, |, for which Go's
|
||||
// URL.EscapedPath gives /assets/x/y%7Cz, with no encoded slash.
|
||||
"/assets/x%2Fy|z",
|
||||
} {
|
||||
t.Run(sent, func(t *testing.T) {
|
||||
t.Parallel()
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
|
||||
"net/http/httptrace"
|
||||
"net/http/httputil"
|
||||
"net/netip"
|
||||
"net/url"
|
||||
"os"
|
||||
"slices"
|
||||
"strings"
|
||||
@@ -21,7 +22,6 @@ import (
|
||||
"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/lookup"
|
||||
"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/ratelimit"
|
||||
"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/requestlog"
|
||||
"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/rules"
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
// flushAfterEachWrite has ReverseProxy pass on each part of the app's
|
||||
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ func (h *handler) newRequest(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) *request {
|
||||
Method: r.Method,
|
||||
Scheme: scheme(r, peerTrusted),
|
||||
Host: r.Host,
|
||||
Path: rules.Path(r),
|
||||
Path: r.URL.EscapedPath(),
|
||||
Query: r.URL.RawQuery,
|
||||
Protocol: r.Proto,
|
||||
Referer: r.Referer(),
|
||||
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ func (rq *request) checkClient(ctx context.Context) string {
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
rq.counted = !isInside(rq.client, cfg.RateLimitExemptNets) &&
|
||||
!pathExempt(rq.in, cfg.RateLimitExemptPaths)
|
||||
!pathExempt(rq.in.URL, cfg.RateLimitExemptPaths)
|
||||
if rq.counted {
|
||||
rq.limitPercent, rq.bytesPercent = rq.limitPercentages()
|
||||
rq.line.LimitPercent, rq.line.LimitPercentSetting = rq.limitPercent.logged()
|
||||
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ func (rq *request) checkClient(ctx context.Context) string {
|
||||
return rq.checkCoreRuleSet()
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// pathExempt reports whether r is exempt under prefixes,
|
||||
// pathExempt reports whether a request for u is exempt under prefixes,
|
||||
// SWWAF_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_PATHS or SWWAF_WAF_EXEMPT_PATHS: whether its
|
||||
// path as sent, the path the app receives, not percent-decoded, starts
|
||||
// with one of prefixes, so that /%61ssets/x is not under /assets/ for an
|
||||
@@ -316,9 +316,10 @@ func (rq *request) checkClient(ctx context.Context) string {
|
||||
// encoded slash (%2F or %2f), never is, since an app may act on it as a
|
||||
// path outside every prefix: /assets/..%2Flogin as /login, or /assets%2Fx
|
||||
// as one path segment, as Go's router does.
|
||||
func pathExempt(r *http.Request, prefixes []string) bool {
|
||||
decoded := r.URL.Path
|
||||
sent := rules.Path(r)
|
||||
func pathExempt(u *url.URL, prefixes []string) bool {
|
||||
decoded := u.Path
|
||||
// EscapedPath is the path as the app receives it, not decoded.
|
||||
sent := u.EscapedPath()
|
||||
|
||||
if strings.Contains(decoded, "..") || strings.Contains(decoded, `\`) ||
|
||||
strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(sent), "%2f") {
|
||||
@@ -374,17 +375,6 @@ func (rq *request) rewrite(pr *httputil.ProxyRequest) {
|
||||
// ReverseProxy drops query parameters it cannot parse; the app gets
|
||||
// the query as the client sent it.
|
||||
pr.Out.URL.RawQuery = pr.In.URL.RawQuery
|
||||
// ReverseProxy sends the path URL.EscapedPath gives, which, for a path
|
||||
// holding a character Go escapes, such as |, is the whole path decoded
|
||||
// and escaped again, %2F turned into /. Opaque is sent as it is, so the
|
||||
// app gets the path as the client sent it. Left out are a target that
|
||||
// is no path, such as *, and a path starting with //, which Go would
|
||||
// send in Opaque as a scheme and host.
|
||||
path := rules.Path(pr.In)
|
||||
if strings.HasPrefix(path, "/") && !strings.HasPrefix(path, "//") {
|
||||
pr.Out.URL.Opaque = path
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
setForwardedHeaders(pr.In, pr.Out, rq.peer, rq.peerTrusted)
|
||||
pr.Out.Header.Set(requestIDHeader, rq.line.RequestID)
|
||||
pr.Out.Header.Del(asnHeader)
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
|
||||
package proxy
|
||||
|
||||
import (
|
||||
"io"
|
||||
"net/http"
|
||||
"net/http/httptest"
|
||||
"testing"
|
||||
|
||||
"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/config"
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
func TestAnAnswerWithoutAContentTypeGetsNone(t *testing.T) {
|
||||
t.Parallel()
|
||||
|
||||
srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(
|
||||
func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
|
||||
rq := &request{
|
||||
h: &handler{config: &config.Config{}},
|
||||
out: &responseWriter{ResponseWriter: w},
|
||||
}
|
||||
app := &http.Response{
|
||||
StatusCode: http.StatusOK,
|
||||
Header: http.Header{},
|
||||
Body: http.NoBody,
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
err := rq.modifyResponse(app)
|
||||
if err != nil {
|
||||
t.Errorf("modifyResponse: %v", err)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// The headers go out with this, the first part of the body,
|
||||
// which Go's server would guess a Content-Type from.
|
||||
_, _ = io.WriteString(w, "<!doctype html><title>page</title>")
|
||||
}))
|
||||
t.Cleanup(srv.Close)
|
||||
|
||||
req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodGet, srv.URL,
|
||||
http.NoBody)
|
||||
if err != nil {
|
||||
t.Fatalf("new request: %v", err)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
res, err := srv.Client().Do(req)
|
||||
if err != nil {
|
||||
t.Fatalf("get: %v", err)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
_ = res.Body.Close()
|
||||
|
||||
if res.Header.Values("Content-Type") != nil {
|
||||
t.Errorf("client got Content-Type %q, want none",
|
||||
res.Header.Get("Content-Type"))
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
@@ -61,7 +61,6 @@ var (
|
||||
// errMissing is for an entry without a field it needs.
|
||||
errMissing = errors.New("has no")
|
||||
errCause = errors.New("is not limit, attack, admin or crowdsec")
|
||||
errExpires = errors.New("is not after its start")
|
||||
errDestination = errors.New("is not webhook, slack or ntfy")
|
||||
errScope = errors.New("is not client, net, asn, total or watch")
|
||||
errWaitingList = errors.New(`waiting is a list, but now lists the alerts by ` +
|
||||
@@ -647,10 +646,8 @@ func (e BanEntry) ban() bans.Ban {
|
||||
// client, a start, from which the length of the netblock's next ban is
|
||||
// worked out, or an expires, which would make it permanent. A permanent
|
||||
// ban's expires is null, which Bans cannot tell from a missing one, so
|
||||
// each expires is read again as written. An expires not after the start
|
||||
// is refused too, since the netblock's next ban for a broken limit, three
|
||||
// times as long as this one, would then refuse nothing; and so is a cause
|
||||
// other than limit, attack, admin or crowdsec, most likely misspelt.
|
||||
// each expires is read again as written. A cause other than limit,
|
||||
// attack, admin or crowdsec, most likely misspelt, is refused too.
|
||||
func (f *bansFile) check(data []byte) error {
|
||||
var written struct {
|
||||
Bans []struct {
|
||||
@@ -671,8 +668,6 @@ func (f *bansFile) check(data []byte) error {
|
||||
return missing(i, "start")
|
||||
case written.Bans[i].Expires == nil:
|
||||
return missing(i, "expires")
|
||||
case entry.Expires != nil && !entry.Expires.After(entry.Start):
|
||||
return fmt.Errorf("entry %d's expires %w", i+1, errExpires)
|
||||
case entry.Cause != "" && entry.Cause != bans.CauseLimit &&
|
||||
entry.Cause != bans.CauseAttack && entry.Cause != bans.CauseAdmin &&
|
||||
entry.Cause != bans.CauseCrowdSec:
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -865,21 +865,6 @@ func TestBanWithAnotherCauseStopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
|
||||
`: entry 4's cause "atack" is not limit, attack, admin or crowdsec`)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
func TestBanThatDoesNotEndAfterItsStartStopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
|
||||
t.Parallel()
|
||||
|
||||
// The first ban ends a second after its start; the second ends as it
|
||||
// starts, or an hour before.
|
||||
for _, expires := range []string{`"2026-10-06T00:00:00Z"`, `"2026-10-05T23:00:00Z"`} {
|
||||
wantRefused(t, bansJSON, `{"version": 1, "bans": [`+
|
||||
`{"netblock": "203.0.113.9/32", "start": "2026-10-06T00:00:00Z", `+
|
||||
`"expires": "2026-10-06T00:00:01Z"}, `+
|
||||
`{"netblock": "203.0.113.10/32", "start": "2026-10-06T00:00:00Z", `+
|
||||
`"expires": `+expires+`}]}`,
|
||||
`: entry 2's expires is not after its start`)
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
func TestUnknownVersionStopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
|
||||
t.Parallel()
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
+6
-49
@@ -5,15 +5,12 @@
|
||||
# served through smallwebwaf, that a second one in a minute bans the
|
||||
# client, that a probe for /.env bans another client, which its next
|
||||
# request bans for good, that `sv stop` stops smallwebwaf in order, that
|
||||
# `docker stop` stops the container without having to kill it, that a
|
||||
# new container on the same volume still refuses the banned client, that
|
||||
# a container with its state files on a new volume mounted at the
|
||||
# directory SWWAF_STATE_DIR_FILE names becomes healthy, and that one whose
|
||||
# SWWAF_STATE_DIR does not exist logs smallwebwaf's message about it. The
|
||||
# `docker stop` stops the container without having to kill it, and that
|
||||
# a new container on the same volume still refuses the banned client. The
|
||||
# containers run with SWWAF_LOOKUP_SOURCE=off, so that no address is sent
|
||||
# to GeoJS. The containers, the volumes and both images are removed
|
||||
# however the script ends. Building the app needs network access, for
|
||||
# nixpkgs' binary cache. script/check does not run this.
|
||||
# to GeoJS. The containers, the volume and both images are removed however
|
||||
# the script ends. Building the app needs network access, for nixpkgs'
|
||||
# binary cache. script/check does not run this.
|
||||
set -eu
|
||||
|
||||
SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd -P)"
|
||||
@@ -26,15 +23,10 @@ IMAGE="$NAME-base"
|
||||
APP_IMAGE="$NAME-app"
|
||||
CONTAINER="$NAME"
|
||||
VOLUME="$NAME-state"
|
||||
# The volumes of the container whose state directory SWWAF_STATE_DIR_FILE
|
||||
# names: its state files, and the file that names their directory.
|
||||
MOVED_VOLUME="$NAME-moved-state"
|
||||
SETTINGS_VOLUME="$NAME-settings"
|
||||
|
||||
cleanup() {
|
||||
docker rm --force "$CONTAINER" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
|
||||
docker volume rm --force "$VOLUME" "$MOVED_VOLUME" "$SETTINGS_VOLUME" \
|
||||
>/dev/null 2>&1 || true
|
||||
docker volume rm --force "$VOLUME" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
|
||||
docker rmi --force "$APP_IMAGE" "$IMAGE" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -84,27 +76,6 @@ start_container() {
|
||||
address="$(docker port "$CONTAINER" 8080/tcp)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
# start_moved_container: run the app's container with the state files on
|
||||
# a new volume at /srv/state, which SWWAF_STATE_DIR_FILE names in a file
|
||||
# only the smallwebwaf user can read, as under "Settings given as files"
|
||||
# in docs/settings.md, and wait until it is healthy. smallwebwaf can write the
|
||||
# new volume only once the run script has given it to that user.
|
||||
start_moved_container() {
|
||||
docker volume create "$MOVED_VOLUME" >/dev/null
|
||||
docker volume create "$SETTINGS_VOLUME" >/dev/null
|
||||
docker run --rm --volume "$SETTINGS_VOLUME:/settings" \
|
||||
--entrypoint bash "$IMAGE" -c 'echo /srv/state > /settings/state-dir &&
|
||||
chown smallwebwaf:smallwebwaf /settings/state-dir &&
|
||||
chmod 0400 /settings/state-dir'
|
||||
docker run --detach --name "$CONTAINER" \
|
||||
--volume "$MOVED_VOLUME:/srv/state" \
|
||||
--volume "$SETTINGS_VOLUME:/etc/smallwebwaf/settings:ro" \
|
||||
--env SWWAF_STATE_DIR_FILE=/etc/smallwebwaf/settings/state-dir \
|
||||
--env SWWAF_LOOKUP_SOURCE=off \
|
||||
"$APP_IMAGE" >/dev/null
|
||||
wait_for "the health check did not pass" healthy
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
# refused: a request to the container gets 403, SWWAF_BAN_RESPONSE's
|
||||
# default.
|
||||
refused() {
|
||||
@@ -169,20 +140,6 @@ main() {
|
||||
wait_for "smallwebwaf logged no request refused under the ban" \
|
||||
logged '"action":"banned"'
|
||||
echo "example-app: a new container on the same volume keeps the ban"
|
||||
|
||||
docker rm --force "$CONTAINER" >/dev/null
|
||||
start_moved_container
|
||||
echo "example-app: the run script gives the state files' directory named" \
|
||||
"by SWWAF_STATE_DIR_FILE to the smallwebwaf user"
|
||||
|
||||
docker rm --force "$CONTAINER" >/dev/null
|
||||
docker run --detach --name "$CONTAINER" \
|
||||
--env SWWAF_STATE_DIR=/srv/missing \
|
||||
--env SWWAF_LOOKUP_SOURCE=off \
|
||||
"$APP_IMAGE" >/dev/null
|
||||
wait_for "smallwebwaf did not report the missing state directory" \
|
||||
logged "SWWAF_STATE_DIR cannot be written"
|
||||
echo "example-app: smallwebwaf reports a state directory that does not exist"
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
main "$@"
|
||||
|
||||
+3
-23
@@ -5,32 +5,12 @@ set -euo pipefail
|
||||
# exits; the wait spaces out the restarts. The state directory and every
|
||||
# file in it are given to the smallwebwaf user, so that a volume mounted
|
||||
# there needs no change of owner; chown -R changes a symbolic link itself,
|
||||
# never what it points to. When SWWAF_STATE_DIR, in either form, cannot be
|
||||
# read or is not the absolute path of a directory, no owner is changed,
|
||||
# and smallwebwaf starts and stops with a message naming the setting. A
|
||||
# change of owner that fails, as on a volume mounted read-only, does not
|
||||
# end the script either: smallwebwaf reports a directory it cannot write.
|
||||
# exec, so that the signal `sv stop` sends reaches smallwebwaf itself.
|
||||
# never what it points to. exec, so that the signal `sv stop` sends
|
||||
# reaches smallwebwaf itself.
|
||||
main() {
|
||||
sleep 1
|
||||
local dir
|
||||
if dir="$(state_dir)" && [[ "$dir" == /* && -d "$dir" ]]; then
|
||||
chown -R smallwebwaf:smallwebwaf "$dir" || true
|
||||
fi
|
||||
chown -R smallwebwaf:smallwebwaf "${SWWAF_STATE_DIR:-/var/lib/smallwebwaf}"
|
||||
exec chpst -u smallwebwaf:smallwebwaf /usr/local/bin/smallwebwaf
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
# state_dir prints SWWAF_STATE_DIR, /var/lib/smallwebwaf when it is unset,
|
||||
# or what is in the file SWWAF_STATE_DIR_FILE names, less every newline at
|
||||
# its end. It fails when both are set or the file cannot be read.
|
||||
state_dir() {
|
||||
if [[ ! -v SWWAF_STATE_DIR_FILE ]]; then
|
||||
printf '%s\n' "${SWWAF_STATE_DIR-/var/lib/smallwebwaf}"
|
||||
elif [[ ! -v SWWAF_STATE_DIR ]]; then
|
||||
cat -- "$SWWAF_STATE_DIR_FILE" 2>/dev/null
|
||||
else
|
||||
return 1
|
||||
fi
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
main "$@"
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user