Core Rule Set: gitea's ordinary requests pass by default (#208)

The image's `ca-certificates`, `nix-bin` and `runit` now come from Ubuntu's archive instead of a dated snapshot, whose service had failed image builds. apt fetches them over plain HTTP and checks each against the archive's signed package lists, so no CA certificates are borrowed from the Go image. The README, `SPEC.md` and `docs/image.md` say so; the amd64-only limit, which came from the removed hash check, is gone.

Rule cut against: `REPO_POLICIES.md` pins every external reference by hash; sneak's ruling at sneak/prompts#72 (comment) allows Ubuntu's own package index.

Model: deepseek-v4-pro (implementation), opus-5-5 (rework)

EVALUATION.md

@@ -153,15 +153,15 @@ Closest existing options, and why each still falls short:
     - What it is: a single-binary reverse proxy that makes browsers solve a
       proof-of-work challenge before passing them to `TARGET`. Aimed at
       scrapers, which is likely a large share of unwanted traffic on a public
-      gitea.
+      code forge.
     - Covers: R10 well (one container, env vars for listener, target,
       difficulty, cookies). Policy rules can match on path, user agent, headers,
       IP ranges, and with the vendor's hosted data service also AS number and
       country, and can weigh a request toward a harder challenge.
     - Misses: R1, R3, R4, R5, R6, R9. Bot policy needs a YAML file, not env
       vars. AS number and country matching depend on the vendor's hosted
-      service. Breaks non-browser clients unless paths are exempted; for gitea,
+      service. Breaks non-browser clients unless paths are exempted; for a code
-      git-over-HTTP and API paths must be allowed through by rule.
+      forge, git-over-HTTP and API paths must be allowed through by rule.
     - Maturity: very active, widely deployed on code forges since 2025.
     - Value here: complementary. It can be chained (traefik, then the sidecar,
       then Anubis, then the app) if challenge pages are wanted.

Makefile

@@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
 .PHONY: bootstrap setup test lint fmt fmt-check tidy check docker hooks build \
-	run example-app gitea-requests gitea-setup
+	run example-app
 
 # Makefile targets are thin shims; the implementations live in script/
 # per the scripts-to-rule-them-all pattern (see the Entrypoints section
 # of README.md). tidy writes go.mod and go.sum as `go mod tidy` does,
 # which test checks. build and run are for working on the code by hand;
-# example-app checks the image with an app built on it; gitea-requests
+# example-app checks the image with an app built on it.
-# reports the gitea requests the Core Rule Set refuses at the defaults;
-# gitea-setup checks the setup in deploy/gitea.
 
 bootstrap:
 	@script/bootstrap
@@ -47,9 +45,3 @@ run:
 
 example-app:
 	@script/example-app
-
-gitea-requests:
-	@script/gitea-requests
-
-gitea-setup:
-	@script/gitea-setup

README.md

@@ -100,8 +100,8 @@ Point traefik's labels at port 8080 of `rproxy`
 of the app or of `servewaf`. Anything on that network can reach the app around
 `rproxy`, and can ask `servewaf` questions, so the network holds only what you
 trust. Each further app adds its own container and its own `rproxy`, whose
-`SWRP_WAF_BACKEND` names the same `servewaf`. The "Smallest setup" and "In front
+`SWRP_WAF_BACKEND` names the same `servewaf`. The "Smallest setup" example below
-of gitea" examples below show this shape.
+shows this shape.
 
 ### `rproxy` in the app's container
 
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ Every setting the code reads, with its default:
 | `SWWAF_WAF_DISABLED_RULES`                 | `920340,920420,920440,920640,930130,930140`                                    | Core Rule Set rule ids switched off; a list you give replaces the default, so repeat these six to keep them off.                                                    |
 | `SWWAF_WAF_EXEMPT_PATHS`                   | empty                                                                          | Path prefixes the Core Rule Set does not inspect.                                                                                                                   |
 | `SWWAF_WAF_BODY_LIMIT`                     | `off`                                                                          | How much of a request body the Core Rule Set reads, a size up to `64K`; `off` reads none.                                                                           |
-| `SWWAF_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE`      | unset                                                                          | A file of Core Rule Set exclusions, as Coraza directives, that switch rules off for some fields or paths only; `deploy/gitea/crs-exclusions.conf` is gitea's.       |
+| `SWWAF_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE`      | unset                                                                          | A file of Core Rule Set exclusions, as Coraza directives, that switch rules off for some fields or paths only.                                                      |
 | `SWWAF_BLOCKLIST_URLS`                     | empty                                                                          | Blocklists to fetch, text files of addresses and netblocks one to a line, such as `https://www.spamhaus.org/drop/drop.txt`.                                         |
 | `SWWAF_BLOCKLIST_REFRESH`                  | `24h`                                                                          | How long after a list was last tried it is fetched again, `1h` or more.                                                                                             |
 | `SWWAF_BLOCKLIST_ACTION`                   | `deny`                                                                         | What a client on a blocklist gets: `deny`, `limit:<percent>` of every limit, or `log`.                                                                              |
@@ -339,9 +339,8 @@ full, and the limits that are fixed rather than settings.
 Each example is a complete `compose.yaml`. `smallwebwaf` is the tag
 `make docker` gives the image; on another host, use the name you pushed it
 under, by digest. Docker Compose puts the services on a private network of its
-own, where each reaches the others by service name. Only "In front of gitea"
+own, where each reaches the others by service name. Each example publishes
-uses traefik. The other three publish `rproxy`'s port on the host, for trying it
+`rproxy`'s port on the host, for trying it out.
-out.
 
 ### Smallest setup
 
@@ -427,88 +426,6 @@ volumes:
     servewaf-state:
 ```
 
-### In front of gitea
-
-gitea behind traefik, set up for a code forge:
-
-- the upload limits raised, in size and in time;
-- the response size limit raised, for clones over 1 GiB;
-- the Actions runners exempt from counting;
-- the default request and byte limits kept.
-
-`traefik` is the network traefik is on, made outside this file.
-
-```yaml
-services:
-    gitea:
-        # gitea 1.27.3, 2026-08-29
-        image: gitea/gitea@sha256:87a67ee09d3ae0d1df5fda5dcda3e2a1f9236a45b0a59025d6e00e46adc43bef
-        environment:
-            GITEA__server__ROOT_URL: https://git.example/
-            # The host and the port of the SSH clone URLs gitea shows.
-            GITEA__server__SSH_DOMAIN: git.example
-            GITEA__server__SSH_PORT: "2222"
-            # gitea's TCP peer is rproxy, on the private network.
-            GITEA__security__REVERSE_PROXY_TRUSTED_PROXIES: 10.0.0.0/8,172.16.0.0/12,192.168.0.0/16
-        volumes:
-            - gitea-data:/data
-        networks:
-            - site
-        ports:
-            # SSH does not pass through smallwebwaf.
-            - "2222:22"
-
-    rproxy:
-        image: smallwebwaf
-        environment:
-            SWRP_WAF_BACKEND: http://servewaf:8080
-            SWRP_UPSTREAM_URL: http://gitea:3000
-            # Pushes, LFS objects and image layers over 100 MiB, or slower
-            # than a minute, are cut off at the defaults.
-            SWRP_MAX_REQUEST_SIZE: 2G
-            SWRP_MAX_REQUEST_TIME_MS: "600000"
-            # A clone larger than 1 GiB is cut off at the default.
-            SWRP_MAX_RESPONSE_SIZE: 4G
-        networks:
-            - site
-            - traefik
-        labels:
-            traefik.enable: "true"
-            # rproxy is on two networks; traefik reaches it on this one.
-            traefik.docker.network: traefik
-            traefik.http.routers.git.rule: Host(`git.example`)
-            traefik.http.routers.git.entrypoints: websecure
-            traefik.http.routers.git.tls.certresolver: letsencrypt
-            traefik.http.services.git.loadbalancer.server.port: "8080"
-
-    servewaf:
-        image: smallwebwaf
-        environment:
-            SMALLWEBWAF_COMMAND: servewaf
-            SWWAF_INSTANCE_NAME: fsn1/servewaf
-            # The Actions runners ask for work all day; never count them.
-            SWWAF_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_NETS: 10.0.4.0/24
-            # gitea never serves these; a request for one bans the client.
-            SWWAF_TRAP_PATHS: /wp-login.php,/xmlrpc.php,/wp-admin/
-        volumes:
-            - servewaf-state:/var/lib/smallwebwaf
-        networks:
-            - site
-
-networks:
-    site:
-    traefik:
-        external: true
-
-volumes:
-    gitea-data:
-    servewaf-state:
-```
-
-`deploy/gitea` holds a complete setup of gitea, traefik included, as a Docker
-Compose file. [`docs/gitea.md`](docs/gitea.md) explains it, and records what the
-defaults do in front of gitea, request by request.
-
 ### `rproxy` beside the app
 
 The app is built on the `smallwebwaf` image, with `rproxy` inside its container.
@@ -637,14 +554,13 @@ and the status for a size or time limit, such as `413` for a body too large.
   headers of every request, and no body unless `SWWAF_WAF_BODY_LIMIT` is set. In
   front of a code forge, bodies carry what people write and publish, which the
   rules take for attacks.
-- `smallwebwaf` changes the Core Rule Set in seven ways so that it lets ordinary
+- `smallwebwaf` changes the Core Rule Set in eight ways so that it lets ordinary
   requests to a code forge through, such as git over HTTP and sign-in through
-  Git Credential Manager. No setting undoes them; "Attack detection" in
+  Git Credential Manager. On gitea's own paths, its searches, file names and
-  [`SPEC.md`](SPEC.md) lists them.
+  branch names get through too. No setting undoes the changes; "Attack
+  detection" in [`SPEC.md`](SPEC.md) lists them.
 - `SWWAF_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE` switches single rules off for an app's
-  own fields or paths. gitea's exclusions, in
+  own fields or paths.
-  `deploy/gitea/crs-exclusions.conf`, let its searches, file names and branch
-  names through.
 - Rule files are plain text, one rule to a line, edited by hand and read again
   while `servewaf` runs. The image ships one file of probes no real visitor
   sends (see [`docs/rules.md`](docs/rules.md)).
@@ -776,18 +692,6 @@ on the host.
     - orderly stops with `sv stop` and `docker stop`;
     - bans surviving a new container on the same volume;
     - a setting given as a file.
-- `script/gitea-requests`: builds the image and runs gitea 1.27.3 behind
-  `rproxy` and `servewaf`, three containers on one network. Every setting is at
-  its default, but for those that join the containers and
-  `SWWAF_LOG_REQUEST_HEADERS`, which adds the header that labels each request.
-  It sends through them a sample of gitea's ordinary use and the requests the
-  Core Rule Set is known to refuse, and prints what `servewaf` did with each.
-  Needs network access, and a docker daemon that pushes to a registry on
-  `localhost` over plain HTTP. `make gitea-requests`.
-- `script/gitea-setup`: builds the image, brings up the setup in `deploy/gitea`,
-  and checks it as [`docs/gitea.md`](docs/gitea.md) describes. Then it removes
-  the containers, the network, the volumes and the image it built. Needs network
-  access. `make gitea-setup`.
 
 ## TODO
 
@@ -811,8 +715,6 @@ on the host.
 - [`docs/state-files.md`](docs/state-files.md): the state files and what each
   holds.
 - [`docs/image.md`](docs/image.md): what the image holds and how it is pinned.
-- [`docs/gitea.md`](docs/gitea.md): `smallwebwaf` in front of gitea: the setup
-  in `deploy/gitea`, and what the defaults do there.
 
 ## License
 

SPEC.md

@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ to them.
       of bans is full.
     - `internal/rules`: reads the rule files at start and again when they
       change, and tells which rules a request matches.
-    - `internal/waf`: the Core Rule Set, with the seven changes listed under
+    - `internal/waf`: the Core Rule Set, with the eight changes listed under
       "Attack detection", as Coraza directives.
     - `internal/lookup`: looks clients up through GeoJS or in the lookup
       database.
@@ -404,10 +404,10 @@ scrapers that send many requests slowly over hours or days. The hour limit is
 the main one.
 
 - Per minute: 120, 2 requests a second. It leaves room for a person opening two
-  pages at once with an empty cache. A gitea page opened with an empty cache
+  pages at once with an empty cache. A web app's page opened with an empty cache
   loads 20 to 60 files, and a handful once cached.
-- Per hour: 1,500. A person reading code in gitea for a whole hour, a page every
+- Per hour: 1,500. A person reading a site for a whole hour, a page every 20
-  20 seconds, makes about 900 requests. A scraper making one request every 2
+  seconds, makes about 900 requests. A scraper making one request every 2
   seconds makes 1,800 an hour, more than the limit.
 - Per day: 6,000, four hours at the hour limit. A scraper making one request
   every 10 seconds makes 8,640 a day, more than the limit.
@@ -419,7 +419,7 @@ the blocklists. An abuser that trips none of them is not caught.
 
 Some legitimate clients pass the limits:
 
-- An Actions runner asks gitea for work all day and can pass the limits.
+- A CI runner asks its code forge for work all day and can pass the limits.
 - Everyone behind one shared address, such as an office, shares one client's
   limits.
 
@@ -552,12 +552,11 @@ service's abuse comes from.
 By default the Core Rule Set reads the method, the URL with its query string,
 and the headers of every request. That is where automated attacks show:
 injection in query strings, path traversal, attacks carried in headers,
-scanners' user agents. It reads no request body. In front of a code forge such
+scanners' user agents. It reads no request body. In front of a code forge,
-as gitea, bodies carry what people write and publish, such as issue text and
+bodies carry what people write and publish, such as issue text and files saved
-files saved in the web editor. The Core Rule Set takes the shell commands and
+in the web editor. The Core Rule Set takes the shell commands and code in them
-code in them for attacks. The default gives up refusing an attack carried in a
+for attacks. The default gives up refusing an attack carried in a body. The rule
-body. The rule files, the limits and the bans still apply to the client that
+files, the limits and the bans still apply to the client that sends it.
-sends it.
 
 - The Core Rule Set skips a path under `SWWAF_WAF_EXEMPT_PATHS`.
 - `SWWAF_WAF_PARANOIA_LEVEL` and `SWWAF_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD` are the Core Rule
@@ -586,12 +585,25 @@ sends it.
     default, so name these six ids in it to keep them off.
 
 - `SWWAF_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE` names a file of exclusions, written as
-  Coraza directives, which `servewaf` loads after the Core Rule Set and the
+  Coraza directives. An exclusion switches one rule off for some fields or paths
-  changes below. An exclusion switches one rule off for some fields or paths
+  only, where `SWWAF_WAF_DISABLED_RULES` switches it off everywhere. The file
-  only, where `SWWAF_WAF_DISABLED_RULES` switches it off everywhere.
+  holds an app's own exclusions; the eighth change below holds gitea's.
-  `deploy/gitea/crs-exclusions.conf` holds gitea's. The start stops on a file
+    - `servewaf` loads the file after `smallwebwaf`'s own setup rules and before
-  that cannot be read or does not parse. It stops too on a file that names any
+      the Core Rule Set's rules. The Core Rule Set loads its own
-  number from 900000 to 900999, the ids of `smallwebwaf`'s own rules.
+      `REQUEST-900-EXCLUSION-RULES-BEFORE-CRS.conf` at the same point.
+    - So the file holds only `SecAction` and `SecRule` lines that exclude with
+      `ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById` or `ctl:ruleRemoveById`. These run with each
+      request, before the rules they exclude, those of phase 1 included.
+    - A rule that `SWWAF_WAF_DISABLED_RULES` switches off and the file names is
+      simply off.
+    - The start stops on a file that cannot be read or does not parse, whatever
+      `SWWAF_WAF_MODE` is.
+    - It stops too on a file that names a number from 900000 to 900999, the ids
+      of `smallwebwaf`'s own rules, alone or in a range. Comment lines are not
+      checked.
+    - It stops too on a directive that removes or changes rules as the file
+      loads, such as `SecRuleRemoveById`, since none of the Core Rule Set's
+      rules is loaded yet.
 
 - `SWWAF_WAF_BODY_LIMIT` switches body inspection on, up to that size. It takes
   at most `64K`, since `servewaf` gets no more of a body than that (see "The
@@ -601,15 +613,14 @@ sends it.
   data, where binary content such as a git push trips rules written for text. A
   body the Core Rule Set cannot parse adds 5 to the score, and so does a
   multipart body cut by the limit in the middle of a part's header. Body
-  inspection suits apps whose forms carry no code; `docs/gitea.md` records what
+  inspection suits apps whose forms carry no code.
-  it refuses in front of gitea.
 - `SWWAF_TRAP_PATHS` names paths the app never serves and only scanners ask for,
-  such as `/wp-login.php` in front of gitea. This is the short form of a `path`
+  such as `/wp-login.php` in front of an app that is not WordPress. This is the
-  rule with the `ban` action, for deployments that mount no rule files. A trap
+  short form of a `path` rule with the `ban` action, for deployments that mount
-  path is matched whole, without the query, against the path as sent and once
+  no rule files. A trap path is matched whole, without the query, against the
-  percent-decoded: `/wp-login.php` matches `/wp-login.php?x=1` and
+  path as sent and once percent-decoded: `/wp-login.php` matches
-  `/%77p-login.php`, and does not match `/wp-login.php/` or
+  `/wp-login.php?x=1` and `/%77p-login.php`, and does not match `/wp-login.php/`
-  `/blog/wp-login.php`.
+  or `/blog/wp-login.php`.
 - `SWWAF_ERROR_BURST_THRESHOLD` counts a client's refusals per minute of these
   kinds, and of no other:
     - a rule file match;
@@ -619,10 +630,10 @@ sends it.
     More than this breaks a limit (see "Bans"). A client trying one attack after
     another is refused many times a minute; a person rarely more than a few
     times. Answers the app gives are not counted, since they do not tell a
-    scanner from an ordinary client. In front of gitea, registry and git clients
+    scanner from an ordinary client. In front of a code forge, registry and git
-    get `404` and `401` by design, hundreds of times a minute.
+    clients get `404` and `401` by design, hundreds of times a minute.
 
-`smallwebwaf` changes the Core Rule Set 4.25.0 in seven ways, since in front of
+`smallwebwaf` changes the Core Rule Set 4.25.0 in eight ways, since in front of
 gitea it would otherwise refuse ordinary requests. The changes hold in front of
 every app, and no setting undoes them:
 
@@ -654,9 +665,10 @@ every app, and no setting undoes them:
     or `docker-build`. In these parameters, what only these three rules would
     catch reaches the app, such as the command `|cat /etc/passwd`. Path
     traversal, SQL and script injection, and PHP, Java and Node.js code are
-    still refused there. Every other parameter keeps all three rules. An app
+    still refused there. Other parameters keep all three rules, except on the
-    that uses one of these parameters as a file on the server, or passes it to a
+    gitea paths the eighth change names. An app that uses one of these
-    shell, must check the value itself. A rule file can refuse it instead.
+    parameters as a file on the server, or passes it to a shell, must check the
+    value itself. A rule file can refuse it instead.
 
 5. Two cookies are left out, and `Referer` keeps fewer rules:
     - The Core Rule Set reads the request without the `gitea_flash` and
@@ -670,19 +682,83 @@ every app, and no setting undoes them:
       only to its own pages. Every other cookie is read in full. An app that
       reads a cookie of either name must check it itself.
     - `Referer` is not checked for a Unix command given without arguments
-      (932340) or for Java starting a process (944110). `Referer` names the page
+      (932340), for Java starting a process (944110) or for a Java class name
-      a request comes from, on everything that page loads and on every link
+      (944130). `Referer` names the page a request comes from, on everything
-      followed from it. The Core Rule Set takes some page addresses for attacks,
+      that page loads and on every link followed from it. The Core Rule Set
-      such as a search for `env`, or OpenJDK's `Runtime.java`, whose path holds
+      takes some page addresses for attacks:
-      both `runtime` and `java.`. All of those requests would be refused.
+        - a search for `env`;
-      `Referer` keeps the other rules. An app that passes `Referer` to a shell
+        - OpenJDK's `Runtime.java`, whose path holds both `runtime` and `java.`;
-      must check it itself.
+        - a file named `java.lang.String.md`.
+
+        Every request from such a page would be refused. `Referer` keeps the
+        other rules, except after some gitea searches (the eighth change). An
+        app that passes `Referer` to a shell must check it itself.
+
 6. Responses are not inspected. A raw file from a repository, such as a shell
    script, looks to the response rules like source code leaking from the server.
 7. The `from` parameter of a container registry's upload path,
-   `/v2/<image>/blobs/uploads/`, is not checked for command names (932260). A
+   `/v2/<image>/blobs/uploads/`, is not checked for command names (932260). When
-   push that reuses a layer names there the image it takes the layer from. An
+   a push reuses a layer, `from` names the image the layer comes from. An image
-   image such as `owner/python3-app` would have that push refused.
+   such as `owner/python3-app` would have that push refused.
+8. On gitea's paths, some fields skip the rules that refused ordinary gitea
+   requests there. They are the fields where gitea sends a search, a file name
+   or a branch name. `internal/waf/gitea.conf` lists each rule and the request
+   it refused. The fields are:
+    - `q` on gitea's searches of code, of issues and pull requests, and of
+      commits. A code search holds code, such as `<script>`,
+      `SELECT * FROM users WHERE` or `../`.
+    - `Referer` of a page opened from such a search, for script and SQL
+      injection and Java code (941110, 941120, 941160, 942100, 944100).
+    - `q` on gitea's searches for a name, for the names of system files and
+      commands (930120, 932120, 932260). Names such as `.profile` and
+      `python3-app` were refused. gitea searches for the names of:
+        - repositories;
+        - users and organisations;
+        - branches and tags;
+        - packages.
+
+        A user's or an organisation's page is any path of one segment, so on
+        every such path, on any app, `q` skips these three rules, for example on
+        `/search`.
+
+        Some of these searches also skip the rule for Java class names (944130),
+        which refused `org.apache.commons.logging`.
+
+    - The path of these requests, which names a file:
+        - a file's page;
+        - its raw file;
+        - its download;
+        - its blame page;
+        - its history;
+        - its edit page;
+        - its preview in the editor;
+        - its delete page;
+        - the API's call for its contents;
+        - a release attachment's download.
+
+        Names such as `notes.txt~`, `process.env.d.ts` and `java.lang.String.md`
+        were refused.
+
+    - A file name in a query parameter:
+        - `file` of a commit graph;
+        - `path` of the API's list of commits;
+        - `path` of a diff's hidden lines;
+        - `body` of the API's call for several files;
+        - `template` of a new issue;
+        - `redirect_to` of the sign-in page;
+        - `name` of an attachment uploaded through the API.
+    - A branch or tag name in a query parameter, for command names (932260).
+      gitea sends one:
+        - to delete or restore a branch;
+        - to start a release from a tag;
+        - to edit a branch protection rule;
+        - to list a directory's last commits.
+    - The `Content-Range` header of an artifact upload from
+      `actions/upload-artifact@v3` (920450).
+
+    Elsewhere these fields keep every rule. The paths are those of gitea at the
+    site root. An app other than gitea that serves one of them must check these
+    fields itself.
 
 The parameter and cookie names in these changes are matched without regard to
 case, as Coraza matches them.
@@ -850,7 +926,7 @@ and the default file.
   runs. It reads the files again once the directory has had no change for 2
   seconds, so that a file still being written is read whole. A file whose name
   starts with `.`, such as an editor's lock file, is not a rule file.
-- Files are read in name order (`00-default.rules` before `50-gitea.rules`),
+- Files are read in name order (`00-default.rules` before `50-site.rules`),
   rules in line order.
 - A rule's regex is Go's RE2 syntax. It has no backreferences or lookaround; in
   exchange matching time is linear in the input, so no rule can be made to stall
@@ -879,14 +955,12 @@ and the default file.
 
 - The image ships a default file, kept short and limited to patterns that are
   wrong for every app, with its path rules anchored at the site root. In front
-  of gitea, `/.env` is a probe, while
+  of a code forge, `/.env` is a probe, while
   `/<owner>/<repo>/src/branch/main/.env.example` is a file in a repository that
   any visitor may open. Anchor the paths of your own `ban` rules at the site
-  root too. Anything else, such as a rule banning WordPress probes in front of
+  root too. A rule has one target, so a `path` rule applies on every site behind
-  gitea, belongs in a file the deployer adds to the image `servewaf` runs from,
+  that `servewaf`. A directory mounted over `SWWAF_RULES_DIR` replaces the
-  or mounts. A rule has one target, so a `path` rule applies on every site
+  default file; single files mounted into it add to it.
-  behind that `servewaf`. A directory mounted over `SWWAF_RULES_DIR` replaces
-  the default file; single files mounted into it add to it.
 - Rules meant to be edited while `servewaf` runs belong in a mounted directory,
   not a mounted file. Many editors save a file by replacing it, and a container
   keeps seeing the old one when the file alone is mounted. The lookup database
@@ -1709,8 +1783,7 @@ with no change to upaas. upaas builds the app's Dockerfile and runs the one
 container as it runs any app. The traefik labels route to port 8080, and the
 `SWRP_` settings go with the app's environment variables. `servewaf` runs in a
 container of its own, on a network the app's container can reach, with its state
-volume and the directory of any token file. `docs/gitea.md` records what the
+volume and the directory of any token file.
-defaults do in front of gitea, and `script/gitea-requests` checks those notes.
 
 ## Planned, not built
 

deploy/gitea/compose.yaml

@@ -1,136 +0,0 @@
-# Gitea behind traefik, with rproxy and servewaf in front of it.
-# docs/gitea.md says what each setting here does and why. Before starting it:
-#   - set SMALLWEBWAF_IMAGE to the smallwebwaf image, named by digest;
-#   - replace git.example.org with the site's host name;
-#   - replace each 10.99.0 with the first three numbers of a /24 subnet that
-#     no other network on the host uses. The /24 must lie inside 10.0.0.0/8,
-#     172.16.0.0/12 or 192.168.0.0/16, because rproxy believes
-#     X-Forwarded-For only from those by default. Replace each fd10:99 with
-#     the first two hextets of an unused /64 subnet whose third and fourth
-#     hextets are 0, as in fd10:99::/64;
-#   - set GITEA_SECRET_KEY to the output of
-#     `docker run --rm <gitea's image below> gitea generate secret SECRET_KEY`,
-#     once per install, and keep it.
-# Then run `docker compose up --detach` in this directory.
-# script/gitea-setup checks this setup.
-
-name: gitea
-
-x-logging: &logging
-    driver: json-file
-    options:
-        max-size: 10m
-        max-file: "5"
-
-services:
-    traefik:
-        # traefik v3.7.17, 2026-11-03
-        image: traefik@sha256:68ae5fe5b64ca166704b746a9e8afcd385e36b3f569a5691401bf652d57b3748
-        # traefik replaces the X-Forwarded-For header a visitor sends. Keep it
-        # so: otherwise a visitor could name an address on the shared network,
-        # and skip servewaf's checks.
-        command:
-            - --providers.docker.exposedbydefault=false
-            - --entrypoints.web.address=:80
-            - --entrypoints.web.http.redirections.entrypoint.to=websecure
-            - --entrypoints.websecure.address=:443
-            # Until a certificate resolver is added here, as for your other
-            # sites, traefik answers with a certificate it made itself.
-            - --entrypoints.websecure.http.tls=true
-            # traefik's own limit of 60 seconds for a whole request would cut
-            # off an upload long before rproxy's limit of 30 minutes.
-            - --entrypoints.websecure.transport.respondingTimeouts.readTimeout=30m
-        ports:
-            - 80:80
-            - 443:443
-        volumes:
-            - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:ro
-        networks:
-            shared:
-                # Containers on the shared network find traefik under the
-                # site's name, and so reach it from their own address.
-                aliases:
-                    - git.example.org
-        restart: unless-stopped
-
-    gitea:
-        # gitea 1.27.3, 2026-08-29
-        image: gitea/gitea@sha256:87a67ee09d3ae0d1df5fda5dcda3e2a1f9236a45b0a59025d6e00e46adc43bef
-        environment:
-            GITEA__server__ROOT_URL: https://git.example.org/
-            # Gitea starts at its defaults, with SQLite, instead of showing its
-            # install page to whoever opens it first.
-            GITEA__security__INSTALL_LOCK: "true"
-            GITEA__security__SECRET_KEY: ${GITEA_SECRET_KEY:?set GITEA_SECRET_KEY, see docs/gitea.md}
-            # Accounts are made with `gitea admin user create`.
-            GITEA__service__DISABLE_REGISTRATION: "true"
-            # rproxy's addresses. Gitea then takes each visitor's address from
-            # the X-Real-Ip header traefik sets and rproxy passes on.
-            GITEA__security__REVERSE_PROXY_TRUSTED_PROXIES: 10.99.0.2,fd10:99::2
-        volumes:
-            - gitea-data:/data
-        networks:
-            - shared
-        restart: unless-stopped
-
-    rproxy:
-        image: ${SMALLWEBWAF_IMAGE:?set SMALLWEBWAF_IMAGE to the smallwebwaf image}
-        environment:
-            SWRP_WAF_BACKEND: http://servewaf:8080
-            SWRP_UPSTREAM_URL: http://gitea:3000
-            # Pushes, LFS objects, packages and release attachments of up to
-            # 2 GiB, sent in up to 30 minutes.
-            SWRP_MAX_REQUEST_SIZE: 2G
-            SWRP_MAX_REQUEST_TIME_MS: "1800000"
-            # 15 minutes for a clone or a download, half the default.
-            SWRP_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS: "900000"
-        labels:
-            traefik.enable: "true"
-            traefik.http.routers.gitea.rule: Host(`git.example.org`)
-            traefik.http.routers.gitea.entrypoints: websecure
-            traefik.http.services.gitea.loadbalancer.server.port: "8080"
-        networks:
-            shared:
-                ipv4_address: 10.99.0.2
-                ipv6_address: fd10:99::2
-        logging: *logging
-        restart: unless-stopped
-
-    servewaf:
-        image: ${SMALLWEBWAF_IMAGE:?set SMALLWEBWAF_IMAGE to the smallwebwaf image}
-        environment:
-            SMALLWEBWAF_COMMAND: servewaf
-            # The containers on the shared network skip the checks. Add the
-            # address of an automation fleet on another host here too; without
-            # that, it is counted like any client.
-            SWWAF_ALLOW_NETS: 10.99.0.128/25,fd10:99:0:0:8000::/65
-            # The Core Rule Set's exclusions for Gitea's searches, file names
-            # and branch names.
-            SWWAF_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE: /etc/smallwebwaf/crs-exclusions.conf
-        volumes:
-            - servewaf-state:/var/lib/smallwebwaf
-            - ./crs-exclusions.conf:/etc/smallwebwaf/crs-exclusions.conf:ro
-        networks:
-            - shared
-        logging: *logging
-        restart: unless-stopped
-
-networks:
-    # The network traefik and Gitea share. Its containers get addresses in the
-    # upper half of each subnet, which servewaf lets skip the checks. Each
-    # subnet's gateway, the host's own address on it, stays out of that half:
-    # requests docker passes on from a published port can come from it.
-    shared:
-        enable_ipv6: true
-        ipam:
-            config:
-                - subnet: 10.99.0.0/24
-                  ip_range: 10.99.0.128/25
-                  gateway: 10.99.0.1
-                - subnet: fd10:99::/64
-                  ip_range: fd10:99:0:0:8000::/65
-                  gateway: fd10:99::1
-
-volumes:
-    gitea-data:
-    servewaf-state:

deploy/gitea/crs-exclusions.conf

@@ -1,96 +0,0 @@
-# The Core Rule Set's exclusions for Gitea, which servewaf loads from
-# SWWAF_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE. Each switches one rule off for the
-# Gitea fields or paths where it refused ordinary Gitea requests. Gitea
-# sends these in the query string:
-#   - q: the text of every search;
-#   - file, path, template, body and redirect_to: a file name, alone or in
-#     JSON or a link;
-#   - name, tag, rule_name and refSubUrl: a branch or tag name.
-# docs/gitea.md says how to add an exclusion.
-
-# Searches.
-# 930110: a search for ../
-SecRuleUpdateTargetById 930110 "!ARGS:q"
-# 931100: a search for http://127.0.0.1:8080
-SecRuleUpdateTargetById 931100 "!ARGS:q"
-# 932140: a search for if (a == b) {
-SecRuleUpdateTargetById 932140 "!ARGS:q"
-# 932235: a search for `make check`
-SecRuleUpdateTargetById 932235 "!ARGS:q"
-# 932250: a search for ls -la
-SecRuleUpdateTargetById 932250 "!ARGS:q"
-# 932380: a search for `whoami`
-SecRuleUpdateTargetById 932380 "!ARGS:q"
-# 933135: a search for ${VAR}
-SecRuleUpdateTargetById 933135 "!ARGS:q"
-# 934110: a search for http://127.0.0.1:8080
-SecRuleUpdateTargetById 934110 "!ARGS:q"
-# 941100: a search for <script>
-SecRuleUpdateTargetById 941100 "!ARGS:q"
-# 941110: a search for <script>, or a page opened from its results
-SecRuleUpdateTargetById 941110 "!ARGS:q|!REQUEST_HEADERS:Referer"
-# 941160: a search for <img src=, or a page opened from its results
-SecRuleUpdateTargetById 941160 "!ARGS:q|!REQUEST_HEADERS:Referer"
-# 941390: a search for fetch(
-SecRuleUpdateTargetById 941390 "!ARGS:q"
-# 942100: a search for SELECT * FROM users WHERE
-SecRuleUpdateTargetById 942100 "!ARGS:q"
-# 942190: a search for union select
-SecRuleUpdateTargetById 942190 "!ARGS:q"
-# 942230: a search for if (a == b) {
-SecRuleUpdateTargetById 942230 "!ARGS:q"
-# 944100: a search for java.lang.Runtime, or a page opened from its results
-SecRuleUpdateTargetById 944100 "!ARGS:q|!REQUEST_HEADERS:Referer"
-
-# Searches, and file, branch and tag names.
-# 930120: a search for package.json, or the commit graph of .gitignore
-SecRuleUpdateTargetById 930120 "!ARGS:q|!ARGS:file|!ARGS:template|!ARGS:body|\
-    !ARGS:refSubUrl|!ARGS:name|!ARGS:tag|!ARGS:rule_name"
-# 932160: a search for /bin/sh, or the API's contents of bin/docker-entrypoint
-SecRuleUpdateTargetById 932160 "!ARGS:q|!ARGS:file|!ARGS:template|!ARGS:body|\
-    !ARGS:refSubUrl|!ARGS:name|!ARGS:tag|!ARGS:rule_name"
-# 932260: a search for python3, or deleting the branch docker-build
-SecRuleUpdateTargetById 932260 "!ARGS:q|!ARGS:file|!ARGS:template|!ARGS:body|\
-    !ARGS:refSubUrl|!ARGS:name|!ARGS:tag|!ARGS:rule_name"
-
-# Searches, and file names in the query string.
-# 932120: a search for Invoke-WebRequest, or the commits of install-script.sh
-SecRuleUpdateTargetById 932120 "!ARGS:q|!ARGS:file|!ARGS:path|!ARGS:template|\
-    !ARGS:body|!ARGS:redirect_to"
-# 932130: a search for $(pwd), or an issue opened from the template [draft].md
-SecRuleUpdateTargetById 932130 "!ARGS:q|!ARGS:file|!ARGS:path|!ARGS:template|\
-    !ARGS:body|!ARGS:redirect_to"
-# 934100: a search for process.env, or the commits of process.env.d.ts
-SecRuleUpdateTargetById 934100 "!ARGS:q|!ARGS:file|!ARGS:path|!ARGS:template|\
-    !ARGS:body|!ARGS:redirect_to"
-# 934130: a search for __proto__, or the commits of __proto__.json
-SecRuleUpdateTargetById 934130 "!ARGS:q|!ARGS:file|!ARGS:path|!ARGS:template|\
-    !ARGS:body|!ARGS:redirect_to"
-# 941130: the commits of index.xhtml
-SecRuleUpdateTargetById 941130 "!ARGS:file|!ARGS:path|!ARGS:template|\
-    !ARGS:body|!ARGS:redirect_to"
-# 941180: a search for document.cookie, or the commits of document.write.js
-SecRuleUpdateTargetById 941180 "!ARGS:q|!ARGS:file|!ARGS:path|!ARGS:template|\
-    !ARGS:body|!ARGS:redirect_to"
-# 942140: the commits of information_schema.sql
-SecRuleUpdateTargetById 942140 "!ARGS:file|!ARGS:path|!ARGS:template|\
-    !ARGS:body|!ARGS:redirect_to"
-# 944110: a search for java.lang.Runtime, or the commits of Runtime.java
-SecRuleUpdateTargetById 944110 "!ARGS:q|!ARGS:file|!ARGS:path|!ARGS:template|\
-    !ARGS:body|!ARGS:redirect_to"
-# 944130: a search for java.lang.Runtime, the commits of java.lang.String.md,
-# or any page opened from that file's page, which names it in the Referer
-SecRuleUpdateTargetById 944130 "!ARGS:q|!ARGS:file|!ARGS:path|!ARGS:template|\
-    !ARGS:body|!ARGS:redirect_to|!REQUEST_HEADERS:Referer"
-
-# File names in the path of a file's page, raw file, blame, history and edit
-# page, and of the API's calls for its contents.
-# 934100: the page of process.env.d.ts
-SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/(?:api/v1/repos/)?[^/]+/[^/]+/(?:src|raw|media|blame|commits|_edit|_delete|contents)/" \
-    "id:10001,phase:1,pass,nolog,ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=934100;REQUEST_FILENAME"
-# 941130: the page of docs/a b.xhtml
-SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/(?:api/v1/repos/)?[^/]+/[^/]+/(?:src|raw|media|blame|commits|_edit|_delete|contents)/" \
-    "id:10002,phase:1,pass,nolog,ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941130;REQUEST_FILENAME"
-# 944130: the page of java.lang.String.md
-SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/(?:api/v1/repos/)?[^/]+/[^/]+/(?:src|raw|media|blame|commits|_edit|_delete|contents)/" \
-    "id:10003,phase:1,pass,nolog,ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=944130;REQUEST_FILENAME"

docs/gitea.md

@@ -1,207 +0,0 @@
-# smallwebwaf in front of gitea
-
-`deploy/gitea/compose.yaml` runs gitea behind traefik, with `rproxy` and
-`servewaf` in front of it. This document says what that setup sets and why, and
-what the defaults would do without it. [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md) says how
-`smallwebwaf` behaves.
-
-## The setup
-
-Four containers share one Docker network, the shared network:
-
-- traefik, which routes the site's HTTPS requests to `rproxy`, and redirects
-  plain HTTP to HTTPS;
-- `rproxy`, in front of gitea;
-- gitea 1.27.3, as its image comes;
-- `servewaf`, with a volume for its state files, and with
-  `deploy/gitea/crs-exclusions.conf` mounted read-only.
-
-To start it:
-
-1. In `deploy/gitea/compose.yaml`, replace `git.example.org` with the site's
-   host name.
-2. Replace each `10.99.0` with the first three numbers of a `/24` subnet that no
-   other network on the host uses. The `/24` must lie inside `10.0.0.0/8`,
-   `172.16.0.0/12` or `192.168.0.0/16`, because `rproxy` believes
-   `X-Forwarded-For` only from those by default. Replace each `fd10:99` with the
-   first two hextets of an unused `/64` subnet whose third and fourth hextets
-   are 0, as in `fd10:99::/64`.
-3. Set `SMALLWEBWAF_IMAGE` to the `smallwebwaf` image, named by digest.
-4. Set `GITEA_SECRET_KEY` to the output of
-   `docker run --rm <gitea's image> gitea generate secret SECRET_KEY`, with
-   gitea's image as `deploy/gitea/compose.yaml` names it. Do this once per
-   install, and keep the key.
-5. Run `docker compose up --detach` in `deploy/gitea`, with
-   `crs-exclusions.conf` beside `compose.yaml`.
-6. Make gitea's first user with `gitea admin user create`, in gitea's container,
-   as the user `git`.
-
-Sign-up is off: accounts are made with `gitea admin user create`. gitea starts
-at its defaults, with SQLite. traefik answers with a certificate it made itself
-until you add a certificate resolver, as for your other sites. SSH to gitea does
-not pass through `smallwebwaf`; publish gitea's SSH port yourself if you use it.
-
-`make gitea-setup` checks the setup. It builds the image, brings the setup up
-under a name of its own, and checks:
-
-- that a page load, a push and a clone sent through traefik pass through
-  `rproxy`, and that `servewaf` checks them;
-- that gitea logs the visitor's address, not `rproxy`'s;
-- that a request from a container on the shared network skips the checks;
-- that the Core Rule Set refuses none of the ordinary gitea requests in
-  `internal/waf/testdata/gitea-requests.txt`, sent by a signed-in user, nor an
-  API call with a JSON body, nor a file saved through the API;
-- that it refuses SQL injection, path traversal and script injection in a query
-  string;
-- that with `servewaf` stopped, gitea still answers through `rproxy`.
-
-## Uploads and downloads
-
-An upload is a request:
-
-- a git push;
-- an LFS object;
-- a container image layer;
-- a package file;
-- a release attachment.
-
-The setup lets an upload of up to 2 GiB, sent in up to 30 minutes, through:
-
-- `SWRP_MAX_REQUEST_SIZE` is `2G`. At the default, an upload over 100 MiB is cut
-  off.
-- `SWRP_MAX_REQUEST_TIME_MS` is `1800000`, 30 minutes. At the default, an upload
-  that takes over 60 seconds is cut off.
-- traefik's `readTimeout` is 30 minutes. traefik's own default of 60 seconds for
-  a whole request would cut off an upload first.
-
-A clone or a download is a response:
-
-- `SWRP_MAX_RESPONSE_TIME_MS` is `900000`, 15 minutes, half the default. A clone
-  or download that takes longer is cut off.
-- `SWRP_MAX_RESPONSE_SIZE` stays at its default, 1 GiB. A repository whose clone
-  is larger needs it raised.
-
-The byte limits stay at their defaults: no minute limit, 50 GiB an hour and 100
-GiB a day.
-
-## The checks
-
-The Core Rule Set runs in `block` mode, the default, with gitea's exclusions
-(see "The Core Rule Set's exclusions" below).
-
-Every other check stays at its default. A client may make 120 requests a minute,
-1,500 an hour and 6,000 a day. Archive downloads and blame and history pages are
-what scrapers hammer, and these limits do most of the work there.
-
-## The shared network
-
-Containers on the shared network skip `servewaf`'s checks:
-
-- The shared network's subnets are `10.99.0.0/24` and `fd10:99::/64`. Docker
-  gives its containers addresses in the upper half of each, `10.99.0.128/25` and
-  `fd10:99:0:0:8000::/65`, which `SWWAF_ALLOW_NETS` names.
-- traefik is known on the shared network by the site's host name. So a container
-  there that asks for the site reaches traefik from its own address. An
-  automation fleet in such a container skips the checks.
-- Each subnet's gateway, `10.99.0.1` and `fd10:99::1`, is the host's own address
-  on it. Requests docker passes on from a published port can come from the
-  gateway, so the gateways are left out of `SWWAF_ALLOW_NETS`. The network has
-  IPv6, so a visitor over IPv6 reaches traefik from its own address, and
-  `servewaf` checks it as itself.
-- A container on the shared network that asks for the site at the host's public
-  address arrives from the gateway. It is checked like any visitor.
-- A fleet on another host can have its address added to `SWWAF_ALLOW_NETS`.
-  Without that, it is counted like any client.
-- traefik replaces the `X-Forwarded-For` a visitor sends, by default. Keep it
-  so: otherwise a visitor could name an address on the shared network, and skip
-  the checks.
-- Anything on the shared network can reach gitea and `servewaf` around `rproxy`.
-  Put only containers you trust on it.
-
-## gitea's settings
-
-- `REVERSE_PROXY_TRUSTED_PROXIES` names `rproxy`'s fixed addresses, `10.99.0.2`
-  and `fd10:99::2`. gitea then takes each visitor's address from the `X-Real-Ip`
-  header, which traefik sets and `rproxy` passes on. Without it, gitea logs
-  every visitor as `rproxy`.
-- `INSTALL_LOCK` is `true`, as "The setup" above says.
-
-## Methods
-
-`rproxy` passes on only these methods: `GET`, `HEAD`, `POST`, `OPTIONS`, `PUT`,
-`DELETE`, `PATCH` and `QUERY`. gitea 1.27.3 needs no other. Its routes use:
-
-- pages and the API: `GET`, `HEAD`, `POST`, `PUT`, `PATCH` and `DELETE`;
-- git's push, clone and fetch over HTTP: `GET`, `POST` and `OPTIONS`;
-- LFS: `GET`, `POST` and `PUT`;
-- the container registry and the other package registries: `GET`, `HEAD`,
-  `POST`, `PUT`, `PATCH` and `DELETE`;
-- Actions runners: `POST`.
-
-## The log
-
-`rproxy` and `servewaf` write each query string to the log whole. A token sent
-in the query string, as `?token=`, is then in the log. Send it in the
-`Authorization` header instead.
-
-## Actions runners
-
-A runner on the shared network skips the checks. One on another host is counted
-like any client. A runner older than version 0.4 (April 2026) asks for work
-every 2 seconds, 1,800 requests an hour. While it runs a job, it reports the
-job's log and state every second instead, two requests a second.
-
-So one idle runner makes 1,800 requests an hour, more than the hour limit of
-1,500. A busy one, at two requests a second, passes the minute limit of 120
-within two minutes. Its address is then banned, its running jobs fail, and each
-repeat within a day makes the ban longer. Newer runners ask for work less often.
-Put the runners' addresses in `SWWAF_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_NETS`.
-
-## The Core Rule Set's exclusions
-
-`deploy/gitea/crs-exclusions.conf` switches single Core Rule Set rules off where
-they refused ordinary gitea requests. `servewaf` loads it from
-`SWWAF_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE`. Each exclusion covers one rule, in these
-places only:
-
-- `q`, the text of every search;
-- the query parameters that hold a file name: `file`, `path`, `template`, `body`
-  and `redirect_to`;
-- the query parameters that hold a branch or tag name: `name`, `tag`,
-  `rule_name` and `refSubUrl`;
-- `Referer`, on a page opened from search results or from a file's page;
-- the path of a file's page, raw file, blame, history and edit page, and of the
-  API's call for its contents.
-
-gitea reads these as text to search for, or as names in a repository. It never
-runs them as SQL, a command or a page's script. So an attack that only the
-excluded rules would catch there reaches gitea and does nothing. Every other
-field and path keeps every rule.
-
-To add an exclusion for a request the Core Rule Set refuses:
-
-1. Find the request in `servewaf`'s log. Its line gives the path and query, and
-   names the rules in `waf_rule_ids`.
-2. For each rule, add a `SecRuleUpdateTargetById` line naming the field it
-   matched, as the file's other lines do. For a path, copy one of the file's
-   `SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME` rules and give it a new id. An id from 900000 to
-   900999 stops the start.
-3. Above it, write a one-line comment naming the request it refused.
-4. Add the request to `internal/waf/testdata/gitea-requests.txt`, and run
-   `make check`.
-5. Restart `servewaf`.
-
-The Core Rule Set still refuses these gitea requests:
-
-- the page of a file whose name ends in `~`, such as an editor's backup file.
-  Rule 920500 checks the path before any exclusion takes effect.
-- the page of a file in a directory named `...`, which reads as path traversal;
-- an artifact upload from `actions/upload-artifact@v3`, which sends the header
-  `Content-Range`. `actions/upload-artifact@v4` does not.
-
-With `SWWAF_WAF_BODY_LIMIT` set, it also refuses issue text, comments, wiki
-pages and files saved in the web editor that hold shell commands or code.
-
-`make gitea-requests` runs gitea behind `rproxy` and `servewaf` at the defaults,
-without these exclusions. It reports each request the Core Rule Set refuses
-there.

docs/rules.md

@@ -55,10 +55,10 @@ empty-agent      user_agent  log     ^$
 ## A file of your own
 
 `servewaf` reads the rule files in its own container. Rules of your own go in a
-file named to sort after the default, such as `50-gitea.rules`:
+file named to sort after the default, such as `50-site.rules`:
 
 ```
-# 50-gitea.rules: WordPress probes, which gitea never serves
+# 50-site.rules: WordPress probes, which this site never serves
 wp-probe         path        ban     (?i)^/(wp-login\.php|xmlrpc\.php|wp-admin/)
 ```
 
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ A `Dockerfile` built on the `smallwebwaf` image, for `servewaf` to run from,
 adds it:
 
 ```dockerfile
-COPY 50-gitea.rules /etc/smallwebwaf/rules.d/50-gitea.rules
+COPY 50-site.rules /etc/smallwebwaf/rules.d/50-site.rules
 ```
 
 Or mount it there. A `path` rule applies on every site behind that `servewaf`.

docs/settings.md

@@ -101,19 +101,18 @@ chooses between the two (see "The image's command" below).
 
 - `SWWAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE` (default `120`, 2 a second): the most requests a
   client may make in a minute. A count or `off`. The default leaves room for a
-  person opening two gitea pages at once with an empty cache, up to 60 files
+  person opening two pages at once with an empty cache, up to 60 files each.
-  each.
 - `SWWAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_HOUR` (default `1500`): the most requests a client may
   make in an hour. A count or `off`. It is the main limit against scrapers. A
-  person reading code in gitea for an hour, a page every 20 seconds, makes
+  person reading a site for an hour, a page every 20 seconds, makes about 900. A
-  about 900. A scraper making one request every 2 seconds makes 1,800 an hour,
+  scraper making one request every 2 seconds makes 1,800 an hour, more than the
-  more than the limit.
+  limit.
 - `SWWAF_RATE_LIMIT_PER_DAY` (default `6000`): the most requests a client may
   make in a day. A count or `off`. The default is four hours at the hour limit.
   A scraper making one request every 10 seconds makes 8,640 a day, more than the
   limit.
-- An Actions runner asks gitea for work all day and can pass the limits. Put the
+- A CI runner asks its code forge for work all day and can pass the limits. Put
-  runners' addresses in `SWWAF_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_NETS`. Do the same for a
+  the runners' addresses in `SWWAF_RATE_LIMIT_EXEMPT_NETS`. Do the same for a
   network where many people share one address, such as an office.
 - Counting cannot catch a client that stays under all three limits (see "Request
   rate limits, per client" in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md)).
@@ -193,9 +192,14 @@ chooses between the two (see "The image's command" below).
   of a body than 64 KiB, and the Core Rule Set reads at most 64 KiB less one
   byte of it, whatever the value (see "The answer" in [`SPEC.md`](../SPEC.md)).
 - `SWWAF_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE` (default unset): a file of Core Rule Set
-  exclusions, written as Coraza directives, loaded after the Core Rule Set. A
+  exclusions, written as Coraza directives. It is loaded before the Core Rule
-  file that cannot be read or does not parse stops the start. So does a file
+  Set's rules, so it holds only `SecAction` and `SecRule` lines that exclude
-  that names any number from 900000 to 900999. It has no `_FILE` form.
+  with `ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById` or `ctl:ruleRemoveById`. A file that cannot be
+  read or does not parse stops the start, whatever `SWWAF_WAF_MODE` is. So does
+  a file that names a number from 900000 to 900999 outside a comment, alone or
+  in a range. So does a directive that removes or changes rules as the file
+  loads, such as `SecRuleRemoveById`, since none of the Core Rule Set's rules is
+  loaded yet. It has no `_FILE` form.
 - `SWWAF_ERROR_BURST_THRESHOLD` (default `30`): the most refusals of one client
   in a minute (see "Attack detection" in `SPEC.md`). A count or `off`.
 

internal/alerts/alerts_test.go

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ const (
 	ntfyURL    = "https://ntfy.example/smallwebwaf-alerts"
 	ntfyToken  = "tk_0123456789abcdefghijklmnopq"
 	// instance is the instance name every alert gives.
-	instance = "fsn1app1/gitea"
+	instance = "fsn1app1/blog"
 	// started is when each test starts, as an alert gives it, and
 	// anHourOn an hour later.
 	started  = "2000-01-01T00:00:00Z"
@@ -965,8 +965,8 @@ func TestEachDestinationIsSentOnlyTheAlertsWaitingForIt(t *testing.T) {
 		synctest.Wait()
 
 		wantBodies(t, standIns[alerts.DestinationSlack],
-			`{"text":"*fsn1app1/gitea: file_error*\nsecond"}`,
+			`{"text":"*fsn1app1/blog: file_error*\nsecond"}`,
-			`{"text":"*fsn1app1/gitea: file_error*\nthird"}`)
+			`{"text":"*fsn1app1/blog: file_error*\nthird"}`)
 		wantBodies(t, standIns[alerts.DestinationNtfy], "fourth")
 
 		// alerts.json then lists Slack and ntfy alone, with no alert waiting.
@@ -1265,7 +1265,7 @@ func anAlertForEachEvent() []eventMessage {
 				Reason: "requests per hour over the limit of 10000",
 				Detail: map[string]any{"mode": "observe"},
 			},
-			"fsn1app1/gitea: ban", "default no_entry",
+			"fsn1app1/blog: ban", "default no_entry",
 			"requests per hour over the limit of 10000\nclient: 203.0.113.9\n" +
 				"netblock: 203.0.113.0/24\ncountry: DE\nmode: observe",
 		},
@@ -1275,7 +1275,7 @@ func anAlertForEachEvent() []eventMessage {
 				Netblock: netip.MustParsePrefix("198.51.100.7/32"), Country: "FR",
 				Reason: "matched the rule env-file",
 			},
-			"fsn1app1/gitea: permanent_ban", "high no_entry",
+			"fsn1app1/blog: permanent_ban", "high no_entry",
 			"matched the rule env-file\nclient: 198.51.100.7\n" +
 				"netblock: 198.51.100.7/32\ncountry: FR",
 		},
@@ -1286,7 +1286,7 @@ func anAlertForEachEvent() []eventMessage {
 				Reason:   "refused by the Core Rule Set",
 				Host:     "app.example",
 			},
-			"fsn1app1/gitea: waf_block", "default shield",
+			"fsn1app1/blog: waf_block", "default shield",
 			"refused by the Core Rule Set\nhost: app.example\nclient: 192.0.2.1\n" +
 				"netblock: 192.0.2.1/32",
 		},
@@ -1295,7 +1295,7 @@ func anAlertForEachEvent() []eventMessage {
 				Event: alerts.EventAnomaly, Netblock: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.0.2.0/24"),
 				Reason: "requests per minute over the threshold of 5000",
 			},
-			"fsn1app1/gitea: anomaly", "high chart_with_upwards_trend",
+			"fsn1app1/blog: anomaly", "high chart_with_upwards_trend",
 			"requests per minute over the threshold of 5000\nnetblock: 192.0.2.0/24",
 		},
 		{
@@ -1304,7 +1304,7 @@ func anAlertForEachEvent() []eventMessage {
 				Netblock: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.0.2.2/32"),
 				Reason:   "listed by a DNS blocklist",
 			},
-			"fsn1app1/gitea: reputation_hit", "low label",
+			"fsn1app1/blog: reputation_hit", "low label",
 			"listed by a DNS blocklist\nclient: 192.0.2.2\nnetblock: 192.0.2.2/32",
 		},
 		{
@@ -1312,7 +1312,7 @@ func anAlertForEachEvent() []eventMessage {
 				Event: alerts.EventSourceFailure, Reason: "asking GeoJS failed",
 				Detail: map[string]any{"source": "geojs"},
 			},
-			"fsn1app1/gitea: source_failure", "high warning",
+			"fsn1app1/blog: source_failure", "high warning",
 			"asking GeoJS failed\nsource: geojs",
 		},
 		{
@@ -1323,7 +1323,7 @@ func anAlertForEachEvent() []eventMessage {
 					"file": "/etc/smallwebwaf/rules.d/50-app.rules", "error": "line 2: no action",
 				},
 			},
-			"fsn1app1/gitea: file_error", "high warning",
+			"fsn1app1/blog: file_error", "high warning",
 			"a rule file has an error, and the rules stay as they were\n" +
 				"file: /etc/smallwebwaf/rules.d/50-app.rules\nerror: line 2: no action",
 		},

internal/config/config.go

@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ var (
 	errNoCertificate = errors.New("holds no PEM certificate")
 	errNotFacility   = errors.New("is not a syslog facility such as local0 or daemon")
 	errNotAppName    = errors.New(
-		"is not 1 to 48 printable ASCII characters without a space, such as gitea")
+		"is not 1 to 48 printable ASCII characters without a space, such as blog")
 	errSetTwice      = errors.New("set only one of them")
 	errNotWebhookURL = errors.New(
 		"is not an http or https URL without a user or a fragment, " +

internal/config/config_test.go

@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ const (
 // instance is an SWWAF_INSTANCE_NAME that is a valid app name too, and
 // remoteURL an SWWAF_LOG_REMOTE_URL, for the tests that send the lines.
 const (
-	instance  = "fsn1app1/gitea"
+	instance  = "fsn1app1/blog"
 	remoteURL = "syslog+udp://192.0.2.1:514"
 )
 
@@ -653,11 +653,11 @@ func TestInstanceNameAndLoggedHeadersAsSet(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	cfg := fromEnvironment(t, environment{
-		instanceName:      "fsn1app1/gitea",
+		instanceName:      "fsn1app1/blog",
 		logRequestHeaders: " Accept , X-Custom",
 	})
 
-	if cfg.InstanceName != "fsn1app1/gitea" ||
+	if cfg.InstanceName != "fsn1app1/blog" ||
 		!slices.Equal(cfg.LogRequestHeaders, []string{"accept", "x-custom"}) {
 		t.Errorf("%s is %q and %s gives %v", instanceName, cfg.InstanceName,
 			logRequestHeaders, cfg.LogRequestHeaders)
@@ -800,7 +800,7 @@ func TestInstanceNameNotAnAppNameStopsTheStartOnlyWhileSending(t *testing.T) {
 
 	want := logRemoteAppName + `: is unset, and ` + instanceName +
 		` "fsn1 app1", its default, is not 1 to 48 printable ASCII characters ` +
-		`without a space, such as gitea`
+		`without a space, such as blog`
 	if err == nil || err.Error() != want {
 		t.Errorf("error %v, want %s", err, want)
 	}
@@ -829,7 +829,7 @@ func TestAppNameSetStopsTheStartWhileSending(t *testing.T) {
 	}.lookupEnv)
 
 	want := logRemoteAppName + `: "my app" is not 1 to 48 printable ASCII ` +
-		`characters without a space, such as gitea`
+		`characters without a space, such as blog`
 	if err == nil || err.Error() != want {
 		t.Errorf("error %v, want %s", err, want)
 	}
@@ -2169,7 +2169,7 @@ func TestSettingFromFileIsCheckedAsTheSettingItself(t *testing.T) {
 	}.lookupEnv)
 
 	want = logRemoteAppName + `: "my app" is not 1 to 48 printable ASCII ` +
-		`characters without a space, such as gitea`
+		`characters without a space, such as blog`
 	if err == nil || err.Error() != want {
 		t.Errorf("error %v, want %s", err, want)
 	}

internal/remotelog/remotelog_test.go

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ import (
 const (
 	// started is the time a record made as a test starts gives.
 	started = "2000-01-01T00:00:00.000Z"
-	appName = "fsn1app1/gitea"
+	appName = "fsn1app1/blog"
 	// local0 is the number of the default facility, and local0Info the
 	// priority of its records.
 	local0     = 16
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ func TestRecordsOverTCPAreOctetCountedWithTheirFacility(t *testing.T) {
 		endpoint := listen(t)
 		endpointParams := params(remotelog.SchemeTCP, endpoint.Addr())
 		endpointParams.Facility = 19 // local3
-		endpointParams.AppName = "gitea"
+		endpointParams.AppName = "blog"
 		sender, _, _ := run(t, endpointParams)
 
 		_, _ = sender.Write([]byte("first\nsecond\n"))
@@ -103,8 +103,8 @@ func TestRecordsOverTCPAreOctetCountedWithTheirFacility(t *testing.T) {
 		wantCounts(t, sender, 2, 0, 0)
 
 		frames := bufio.NewReader(accept(t, endpoint))
-		wantFrame(t, frames, record(t, "<158>", "gitea", "first"))
+		wantFrame(t, frames, record(t, "<158>", "blog", "first"))
-		wantFrame(t, frames, record(t, "<158>", "gitea", "second"))
+		wantFrame(t, frames, record(t, "<158>", "blog", "second"))
 	})
 }
 

internal/requestlog/requestlog_test.go

@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ func TestProcessLinesAreMarkedProcessAndGiveTheInstance(t *testing.T) {
 
 	var out bytes.Buffer
 
-	requestlog.NewProcessLogger(&out, "fsn1app1/gitea", slog.LevelInfo).Info("starting",
+	requestlog.NewProcessLogger(&out, "fsn1app1/blog", slog.LevelInfo).Info("starting",
 		"version", "v1")
 
 	var fields map[string]any
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ func TestProcessLinesAreMarkedProcessAndGiveTheInstance(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("decode %q: %v", out.String(), err)
 	}
 
-	if fields["type"] != "process" || fields["instance"] != "fsn1app1/gitea" ||
+	if fields["type"] != "process" || fields["instance"] != "fsn1app1/blog" ||
 		fields["msg"] != "starting" || fields["level"] != "INFO" ||
 		fields["version"] != "v1" {
 		t.Errorf("process line %v", fields)
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ func TestProcessLoggerWritesTheMessagesAtItsLevelOrMoreSevere(t *testing.T) {
 
 			var out bytes.Buffer
 
-			processLog := requestlog.NewProcessLogger(&out, "fsn1app1/gitea", level)
+			processLog := requestlog.NewProcessLogger(&out, "fsn1app1/blog", level)
 			for _, at := range levels {
 				processLog.Log(t.Context(), at, "message")
 			}

internal/servewaf/alerts_test.go

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ const (
 	alertWebhookURL = "SWWAF_ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL"
 	alertMaxPerHour = "SWWAF_ALERT_MAX_PER_HOUR"
 	// alertInstance is the instance every alert of these tests gives.
-	alertInstance = "fsn1app1/gitea"
+	alertInstance = "fsn1app1/blog"
 )
 
 func TestBanForABrokenLimitRaisesABanAlertWithItsNotes(t *testing.T) {

internal/servewaf/proxy.go

@@ -212,10 +212,11 @@ func newReputation(
 // SWWAF_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE, or nil while SWWAF_WAF_MODE is off. It
 // reads at most QuestionBodyMaxBytes less one byte: a question's body of
 // QuestionBodyMaxBytes may be cut short, and the Core Rule Set does not read a
-// JSON or XML body over its limit. An exclusions file that cannot be read, does
+// JSON or XML body over its limit. An exclusions file that waf.New refuses is
-// not parse or names an id of smallwebwaf's own rules is an error.
+// an error in every mode. While the mode is off, a set file is loaded with the
+// Core Rule Set only to check it.
 func NewCoreRuleSet(cfg *config.Config) (*waf.CoreRuleSet, error) {
-	if cfg.WAFMode == config.WAFModeOff {
+	if cfg.WAFMode == config.WAFModeOff && cfg.CoreRuleSetExclusionsFile == "" {
 		return nil, nil //nolint:nilnil // off is no Core Rule Set, and no error
 	}
 
@@ -228,6 +229,10 @@ func NewCoreRuleSet(cfg *config.Config) (*waf.CoreRuleSet, error) {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("SWWAF_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE: %w", err)
 	}
 
+	if cfg.WAFMode == config.WAFModeOff {
+		return nil, nil //nolint:nilnil // off is no Core Rule Set, and no error
+	}
+
 	return coreRuleSet, nil
 }
 

internal/servewaf/requestlog_test.go

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ const (
 	// requestIDHeader carries the request's id.
 	requestIDHeader = "X-Request-ID"
 	// instance is the SWWAF_INSTANCE_NAME a test sets.
-	instance = "fsn1app1/gitea"
+	instance = "fsn1app1/blog"
 	// ipv6Client is a client on IPv6, and ipv6Group the netblock the rate
 	// limits count it as.
 	ipv6Client = "2001:db8::7"

internal/smallwebwaf/smallwebwaf_test.go

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
+	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/config"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/lookup/lookuptest"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/servewaf"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/smallwebwaf"
@@ -49,7 +50,7 @@ const (
 	adminSecret = "fedcba9876543210fedcba9876543210"
 	// instance is the SWWAF_INSTANCE_NAME the tests set where they look at
 	// it.
-	instance = "fsn1app1/gitea"
+	instance = "fsn1app1/blog"
 	// greeting is what the tests' app answers.
 	greeting = "hello from the app"
 	// placed is the client the tests' lookup databases place.
@@ -341,8 +342,8 @@ func TestEveryLogLineAndMetricCarriesTheInstanceName(t *testing.T) {
 	// the comments.
 	for line := range strings.Lines(metrics) {
 		if !strings.HasPrefix(line, "#") &&
-			!strings.Contains(line, `instance="fsn1app1/gitea"`) {
+			!strings.Contains(line, `instance="fsn1app1/blog"`) {
-			t.Errorf("series %q, without instance=\"fsn1app1/gitea\"", line)
+			t.Errorf("series %q, without instance=\"fsn1app1/blog\"", line)
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -574,6 +575,33 @@ func TestCoreRuleSetExclusionsFileThatCannotBeReadStopsTheStart(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestCoreRuleSetExclusionsFileThatCannotBeUsedStopsTheStartWhileTheCoreRuleSetIsOff(
+	t *testing.T,
+) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	broken := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "broken.conf")
+
+	err := os.WriteFile(broken, []byte("SecNoSuchDirective On\n"), 0o600)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	for _, path := range []string{filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "missing.conf"), broken} {
+		out := &output{}
+
+		status := run(t.Context(), map[string]string{
+			listenAddr: localhost + ":0", stateDir: t.TempDir(), rulesDir: t.TempDir(),
+			"SWWAF_WAF_MODE": config.WAFModeOff, "SWWAF_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE": path,
+		}, out)
+		if status != 1 {
+			t.Fatalf("%s: exit status %d, want 1", path, status)
+		}
+
+		out.line(t, "msg", "cannot use the Core Rule Set")
+	}
+}
+
 func TestLookupDatabaseReplacedWhileRunningTakesEffect(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
@@ -633,9 +661,9 @@ func TestLookupDatabaseReplacedWhileRunningTakesEffect(t *testing.T) {
 		rename(t, replacement, path)
 
 		metrics := metricsWith(t, url+"_smallwebwaf/metrics", token,
-			`smallwebwaf_lookup_database_read_failures_total{instance="fsn1app1/gitea"} 1`)
+			`smallwebwaf_lookup_database_read_failures_total{instance="fsn1app1/blog"} 1`)
 		lastRead = seriesValue(t, metrics,
-			`smallwebwaf_lookup_database_last_read_timestamp_seconds{instance="fsn1app1/gitea"}`)
+			`smallwebwaf_lookup_database_last_read_timestamp_seconds{instance="fsn1app1/blog"}`)
 
 		wantStatus(t, url, placed, http.StatusOK)
 	})
@@ -691,7 +719,7 @@ func TestBlocklistTriesAndCopiesKeptInReputationJSONAcrossRestarts(t *testing.T)
 		// too.
 		rateLimitExemptNets: placed + "," + localhost,
 	}
-	failures := `smallwebwaf_reputation_failures_total{instance="fsn1app1/gitea",` +
+	failures := `smallwebwaf_reputation_failures_total{instance="fsn1app1/blog",` +
 		`source="` + torURL + `"} `
 
 	// tor.txt cannot be fetched at first, which is counted.
@@ -932,8 +960,8 @@ func TestStalledRemoteLogEndpointHoldsUpNoRequest(t *testing.T) {
 		// last.
 		metrics := metricsText(t, url+"_smallwebwaf/metrics", token)
 		for _, series := range []string{
-			`smallwebwaf_remote_log_lines_sent_total{instance="fsn1app1/gitea"} 0`,
+			`smallwebwaf_remote_log_lines_sent_total{instance="fsn1app1/blog"} 0`,
-			`smallwebwaf_remote_log_buffer_depth{instance="fsn1app1/gitea"} 1`,
+			`smallwebwaf_remote_log_buffer_depth{instance="fsn1app1/blog"} 1`,
 		} {
 			if !strings.Contains(metrics, "\n"+series+"\n") {
 				t.Errorf("no %q in the metrics:\n%s", series, metrics)
@@ -941,7 +969,7 @@ func TestStalledRemoteLogEndpointHoldsUpNoRequest(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 
 		const dropped = "\nsmallwebwaf_remote_log_lines_dropped_total" +
-			`{instance="fsn1app1/gitea"} `
+			`{instance="fsn1app1/blog"} `
 		if strings.Contains(metrics, dropped+"0\n") || !strings.Contains(metrics, dropped) {
 			t.Errorf("no line dropped in the metrics:\n%s", metrics)
 		}
@@ -1034,7 +1062,7 @@ func TestBanIsAlertedAndAnAlertNotSentIsKeptAcrossARestart(t *testing.T) {
 	runUntilStopped(t, env, func(url string) {
 		webhook.waitFor(t, "permanent_ban", true)
 
-		const ofWebhook = `{destination="webhook",instance="fsn1app1/gitea"}`
+		const ofWebhook = `{destination="webhook",instance="fsn1app1/blog"}`
 
 		metrics := metricsWith(t, url+"_smallwebwaf/metrics", token,
 			"\nsmallwebwaf_alerts_sent_total"+ofWebhook+" 1\n")
@@ -1085,13 +1113,13 @@ func TestBanIsAlertedToSlackAndNtfy(t *testing.T) {
 		slackPost := slack.firstPost(t)
 		err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(slackPost.body), &message)
 
-		if err != nil || !strings.HasPrefix(message.Text, "*fsn1app1/gitea: ban*\n") ||
+		if err != nil || !strings.HasPrefix(message.Text, "*fsn1app1/blog: ban*\n") ||
 			!strings.Contains(message.Text, "\nclient: "+client+"\n") {
 			t.Errorf("Slack was sent %s", slackPost.body)
 		}
 
 		ntfyPost := ntfy.firstPost(t)
-		if ntfyPost.header.Get("Title") != "fsn1app1/gitea: ban" ||
+		if ntfyPost.header.Get("Title") != "fsn1app1/blog: ban" ||
 			ntfyPost.header.Get("Authorization") != "Bearer "+ntfyToken ||
 			!strings.Contains(ntfyPost.body, "\nclient: "+client+"\n") {
 			t.Errorf("ntfy was sent %s, with the headers %v", ntfyPost.body,
@@ -1103,9 +1131,9 @@ func TestBanIsAlertedToSlackAndNtfy(t *testing.T) {
 		// test process cannot fail the test.
 		sent := []string{
 			"\nsmallwebwaf_alerts_sent_total{destination=\"slack\"," +
-				"instance=\"fsn1app1/gitea\"} 1\n",
+				"instance=\"fsn1app1/blog\"} 1\n",
 			"\nsmallwebwaf_alerts_sent_total{destination=\"ntfy\"," +
-				"instance=\"fsn1app1/gitea\"} 1\n",
+				"instance=\"fsn1app1/blog\"} 1\n",
 		}
 
 		metrics := metricsWith(t, url+"_smallwebwaf/metrics", token, sent...)

internal/state/state_test.go

@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ const filledAlertsJSON = `{
     "waiting": {
         "webhook": [
             {
-                "instance": "fsn1app1/gitea",
+                "instance": "fsn1app1/blog",
                 "time": "2026-10-06T00:00:00Z",
                 "event": "ban",
                 "client": "203.0.113.9",
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ const filledAlertsJSON = `{
                 "suppressed_repeats": 0
             },
             {
-                "instance": "fsn1app1/gitea",
+                "instance": "fsn1app1/blog",
                 "time": "2026-10-06T00:00:00Z",
                 "event": "file_error",
                 "client": "",
@@ -1721,7 +1721,7 @@ func newParams(dir string) state.Params {
 		Events:     alerts.Events(),
 		Cooldown:   15 * time.Minute,
 		MaxPerHour: 2,
-		Instance:   "fsn1app1/gitea",
+		Instance:   "fsn1app1/blog",
 		Now:        midnight,
 	})
 

internal/waf/gitea.conf

@@ -0,0 +1,283 @@
+# The eighth change: on gitea's paths, some fields skip the rules that refused
+# ordinary gitea requests there. They are the fields where gitea sends a search,
+# a file name or a branch name. Each exclusion runs with the request, before the
+# rules it switches off, those of phase 1 included, so this file is loaded before
+# the Core Rule Set's rules. Each comment names a request the rule refused.
+
+# gitea's searches of code, of issues and pull requests, and of commits send the
+# text searched for in q, which skips these rules there:
+#   930110: ../
+#   930120: .gitignore
+#   931100: http://127.0.0.1:8080
+#   932120: Invoke-WebRequest
+#   932130: $(pwd)
+#   932140: if (a == b) {
+#   932160: /bin/sh
+#   932235: `make check`
+#   932250: ls -la
+#   932260: python3
+#   932380: `whoami`
+#   933100: <?php echo
+#   933130: $_GET[
+#   933135: ${VAR}
+#   934100: process.env
+#   934110: http://127.0.0.1:8080
+#   934130: __proto__
+#   941100: <script>
+#   941110: <script>
+#   941160: <img src=
+#   941180: document.cookie
+#   941390: fetch(
+#   942100: SELECT * FROM users WHERE
+#   942140: information_schema
+#   942190: union select
+#   942230: if (a == b) {
+#   944100: java.lang.Runtime
+#   944110: java.lang.Runtime
+#   944130: java.lang.Runtime
+SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/(?:explore/code|issues(?:/search)?|pulls|\
+    [^/]+/-/code|\
+    [^/]+/[^/]+/(?:search|issues(?:/search)?|pulls|\
+    commits/(?:branch|tag|commit)/.+/search)|\
+    api/v1/repos/(?:issues/search|[^/]+/[^/]+/issues))$" \
+    "id:900600,phase:1,pass,nolog,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930110;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930120;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=931100;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932120;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932130;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932140;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932160;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932235;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932250;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932260;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932380;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=933100;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=933130;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=933135;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=934100;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=934110;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=934130;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941100;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941110;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941160;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941180;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941390;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942100;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942140;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942190;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942230;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=944100;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=944110;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=944130;ARGS:q"
+
+# A page opened from the results of one of those searches has the search's
+# address in Referer, which skips these rules then:
+#   941110: <script>
+#   941120: onClick={
+#   941160: <img src=
+#   942100: LIKE '%foo%'
+#   944100: java.lang.Runtime
+SecRule REQUEST_HEADERS:Referer "@rx ^https?://[^/]+/(?:explore/code|\
+    issues(?:/search)?|pulls|[^/]+/-/code|\
+    [^/]+/[^/]+/(?:search|issues(?:/search)?|pulls|\
+    commits/(?:branch|tag|commit)/.+/search)|\
+    api/v1/repos/(?:issues/search|[^/]+/[^/]+/issues))\?" \
+    "id:900601,phase:1,pass,nolog,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941110;REQUEST_HEADERS:Referer,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941120;REQUEST_HEADERS:Referer,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941160;REQUEST_HEADERS:Referer,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942100;REQUEST_HEADERS:Referer,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=944100;REQUEST_HEADERS:Referer"
+
+# gitea's searches of repositories, users, branches, tags and packages send a
+# name in q, which skips these rules there:
+#   930120: .profile
+#   932120: powershell-scripts
+#   932260: python3-app
+#   944130: org.apache.commons.logging
+SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/(?:explore/repos|user/search_candidates|\
+    [^/]+/-/packages|[^/]+/[^/]+/(?:branches|tags)|api/v1/repos/search)$" \
+    "id:900602,phase:1,pass,nolog,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930120;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932120;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932260;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=944130;ARGS:q"
+
+# gitea's other searches for a name send it in q too, which skips only these
+# rules there:
+#   930120: .profile
+#   932120: powershell-scripts
+#   932260: python3-app
+# The searches:
+#   - the dashboard's filter of repositories;
+#   - the repositories on a user's or an organisation's page, whose path has
+#     one segment;
+#   - the author filter of the issue and pull request lists;
+#   - the lists of users and organisations, and the API's search for users.
+SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/(?:[^/]+|repo/search|\
+    explore/(?:users|organizations)|api/v1/users/search|\
+    [^/]+/[^/]+/(?:issues|pulls)/posters)$" \
+    "id:900603,phase:1,pass,nolog,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930120;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932120;ARGS:q,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932260;ARGS:q"
+
+# These requests name a file in the path, which skips these rules there:
+#   920500: notes.txt~
+#   934100: process.env.d.ts
+#   941130: docs/a b.xhtml
+#   944130: java.lang.String.md
+# The requests:
+#   - a file's page, raw file and download;
+#   - its blame, history, edit, preview and delete pages;
+#   - the API's call for its contents;
+#   - a release attachment's download.
+SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME \
+    "@rx ^/(?:api/v1/repos/)?[^/]+/[^/]+/(?:src|raw|media|blame|commits|_edit|_preview|_delete|contents|releases/download)/" \
+    "id:900610,phase:1,pass,nolog,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=920500;REQUEST_FILENAME,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=934100;REQUEST_FILENAME,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941130;REQUEST_FILENAME,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=944130;REQUEST_FILENAME"
+
+# The requests below name a file in a query parameter. These rules refused
+# them for the file named:
+#   930120: .gitignore
+#   932120: install-script.sh
+#   932130: [draft].md
+#   932160: bin/docker-entrypoint
+#   932260: docker-compose.yml
+#   934100: process.env.d.ts
+#   934130: __proto__.json
+#   941130: index.xhtml
+#   941180: document.write.js
+#   942140: information_schema.sql
+#   944110: java/lang/Runtime.java
+#   944130: java.lang.String.md
+# Each request skips the rules that refused it. The fourth change already has
+# path and redirect_to skip 930120, 932160 and 932260 on every path.
+
+# A file's commit graph, in file.
+SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/[^/]+/[^/]+/graph$" \
+    "id:900620,phase:1,pass,nolog,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930120;ARGS:file,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932120;ARGS:file,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932160;ARGS:file,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932260;ARGS:file,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=934100;ARGS:file,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=934130;ARGS:file,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941130;ARGS:file,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941180;ARGS:file,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942140;ARGS:file,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=944110;ARGS:file,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=944130;ARGS:file"
+
+# The API's list of a file's commits, in path.
+SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/api/v1/repos/[^/]+/[^/]+/commits$" \
+    "id:900621,phase:1,pass,nolog,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932120;ARGS:path,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=934100;ARGS:path,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=934130;ARGS:path,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941130;ARGS:path,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941180;ARGS:path,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942140;ARGS:path,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=944110;ARGS:path,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=944130;ARGS:path"
+
+# The API's call for the contents of several files, in body, as JSON.
+SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/api/v1/repos/[^/]+/[^/]+/file-contents$" \
+    "id:900622,phase:1,pass,nolog,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930120;ARGS:body,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932120;ARGS:body,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932160;ARGS:body,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=934100;ARGS:body,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=934130;ARGS:body,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941130;ARGS:body,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941180;ARGS:body,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942140;ARGS:body,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=944110;ARGS:body,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=944130;ARGS:body"
+
+# An issue opened from a template, in template.
+SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/[^/]+/[^/]+/issues/new$" \
+    "id:900623,phase:1,pass,nolog,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930120;ARGS:template,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932120;ARGS:template,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932130;ARGS:template,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932160;ARGS:template,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932260;ARGS:template,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=934100;ARGS:template,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=934130;ARGS:template,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941130;ARGS:template,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941180;ARGS:template,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942140;ARGS:template,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=944110;ARGS:template,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=944130;ARGS:template"
+
+# The sign-in page on the way to a file's edit page, in redirect_to.
+SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/user/login$" \
+    "id:900624,phase:1,pass,nolog,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932120;ARGS:redirect_to,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932130;ARGS:redirect_to,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=934100;ARGS:redirect_to,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=934130;ARGS:redirect_to,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941130;ARGS:redirect_to,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941180;ARGS:redirect_to,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942140;ARGS:redirect_to,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=944110;ARGS:redirect_to,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=944130;ARGS:redirect_to"
+
+# An attachment uploaded through the API to a release, an issue or a comment,
+# in name.
+SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME \
+    "@rx ^/api/v1/repos/[^/]+/[^/]+/(?:releases|issues|issues/comments)/[0-9]+/assets$" \
+    "id:900625,phase:1,pass,nolog,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930120;ARGS:name,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932120;ARGS:name,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932260;ARGS:name,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=934100;ARGS:name,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=934130;ARGS:name,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941130;ARGS:name,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941180;ARGS:name,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942140;ARGS:name,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=944130;ARGS:name"
+
+# A diff's hidden lines, fetched when shown, in path.
+SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/[^/]+/[^/]+/blob_excerpt/[0-9a-f]+$" \
+    "id:900626,phase:1,pass,nolog,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932120;ARGS:path,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=934100;ARGS:path,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=934130;ARGS:path,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941130;ARGS:path,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941180;ARGS:path,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942140;ARGS:path,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=944110;ARGS:path,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=944130;ARGS:path"
+
+# The requests below name a branch or tag in a query parameter, which skips
+# the list of command names (932260) there. It refused names such as
+# docker-build, python3-migration and feat/docker-support.
+
+# Deleting or restoring a branch, in name.
+SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/[^/]+/[^/]+/branches/(?:delete|restore)$" \
+    "id:900630,phase:1,pass,nolog,ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932260;ARGS:name"
+
+# A release started from a tag, in tag.
+SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/[^/]+/[^/]+/releases/new$" \
+    "id:900631,phase:1,pass,nolog,ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932260;ARGS:tag"
+
+# A branch protection rule opened for editing, in rule_name.
+SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/[^/]+/[^/]+/settings/branches/edit$" \
+    "id:900632,phase:1,pass,nolog,ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932260;ARGS:rule_name"
+
+# A directory listing's last commits, in refSubUrl.
+SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/[^/]+/[^/]+/lastcommit/" \
+    "id:900633,phase:1,pass,nolog,ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932260;ARGS:refSubUrl"
+
+# An artifact upload from actions/upload-artifact@v3 sends the header
+# Content-Range, which the Core Rule Set refused (920450).
+SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME \
+    "@rx ^/api/actions_pipeline/_apis/pipelines/workflows/[0-9]+/artifacts/[^/]+/upload$" \
+    "id:900640,phase:1,pass,nolog,\
+    ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=920450;REQUEST_HEADERS_NAMES:Content-Range"

internal/waf/testdata/gitea-requests.txt

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-# Ordinary gitea requests, one path and query per line, that the Core Rule Set
+# Ordinary gitea 1.27 requests that the Core Rule Set must let through at the
-# must let through with deploy/gitea/crs-exclusions.conf. The tests of
+# defaults. Each line is a path and query, and may end with one header after a
-# internal/waf inspect each, and script/gitea-setup sends each to gitea through
+# space. The tests of internal/waf inspect each as a GET. The Core Rule Set reads
-# the setup.
+# the query and the headers the same way for any method.
 
 # Searches with ordinary words and symbols.
 /owner/repo/search?q=package.json
@@ -39,35 +39,58 @@
 /owner/repo/search?q=sudo%20apt%20install
 /owner/repo/search?q=~%2F.ssh%2Fconfig
 /owner/repo/search?q=.htaccess
-/explore/repos?q=SELECT%20%2A%20FROM%20users%20WHERE
+/owner/repo/search?q=%24_GET%5B
-/explore/repos?q=%3Cimg%20src%3D
+/owner/repo/search?q=%24_POST
+/owner/repo/search?q=%24_SERVER%5B%27REQUEST_URI%27%5D
+/owner/repo/search?q=%3C%3Fphp%20echo
+/owner/repo/search?q=information_schema
+/owner/repo/search?q=LIKE%20%27%25foo%25%27
+/owner/repo/search?q=onClick%3D%7B
 /explore/code?q=SELECT%20%2A%20FROM%20users%20WHERE
 /explore/code?q=%3Cimg%20src%3D
+/owner/-/code?q=SELECT%20%2A%20FROM%20users%20WHERE
+/owner/-/code?q=%3Cimg%20src%3D
 /owner/repo/issues?type=all&state=open&q=SELECT%20%2A%20FROM%20users%20WHERE
 /owner/repo/issues?type=all&state=open&q=%3Cimg%20src%3D
+/owner/repo/issues/search?q=SELECT%20%2A%20FROM%20users%20WHERE
+/owner/repo/issues/search?q=%3Cimg%20src%3D
 /owner/repo/pulls?q=SELECT%20%2A%20FROM%20users%20WHERE
 /owner/repo/pulls?q=%3Cimg%20src%3D
 /issues?type=your_repositories&q=SELECT%20%2A%20FROM%20users%20WHERE
 /issues?type=your_repositories&q=%3Cimg%20src%3D
+/issues/search?q=SELECT%20%2A%20FROM%20users%20WHERE
+/issues/search?q=%3Cimg%20src%3D
+/pulls?type=your_repositories&q=SELECT%20%2A%20FROM%20users%20WHERE
+/pulls?type=your_repositories&q=%3Cimg%20src%3D
 /owner/repo/commits/branch/main/search?q=SELECT%20%2A%20FROM%20users%20WHERE
 /owner/repo/commits/branch/main/search?q=%3Cimg%20src%3D
-/owner/repo/wiki/search?q=SELECT%20%2A%20FROM%20users%20WHERE
-/owner/repo/wiki/search?q=%3Cimg%20src%3D
-/owner/repo/branches?q=SELECT%20%2A%20FROM%20users%20WHERE
-/owner/repo/branches?q=%3Cimg%20src%3D
-/owner/repo/releases?q=SELECT%20%2A%20FROM%20users%20WHERE
-/owner/repo/releases?q=%3Cimg%20src%3D
-/owner/-/packages?q=SELECT%20%2A%20FROM%20users%20WHERE
-/owner/-/packages?q=%3Cimg%20src%3D
-/user/search?q=SELECT%20%2A%20FROM%20users%20WHERE
-/user/search?q=%3Cimg%20src%3D
-/api/v1/repos/search?q=SELECT%20%2A%20FROM%20users%20WHERE
-/api/v1/repos/search?q=%3Cimg%20src%3D
 /api/v1/repos/issues/search?q=SELECT%20%2A%20FROM%20users%20WHERE
 /api/v1/repos/issues/search?q=%3Cimg%20src%3D
 /api/v1/repos/owner/repo/issues?q=SELECT%20%2A%20FROM%20users%20WHERE
 /api/v1/repos/owner/repo/issues?q=%3Cimg%20src%3D
 
+# Searches for the names of repositories, users, branches, tags and packages.
+/explore/repos?q=python3-app
+/explore/repos?q=.profile
+/explore/repos?q=powershell-scripts
+/api/v1/repos/search?q=docker-build
+/user/search_candidates?q=docker-ci
+/owner/repo/branches?q=feat%2Fdocker-support
+/owner/repo/tags?q=docker-v1.0
+/owner/-/packages?q=python3-requests
+/owner/-/packages?q=org.apache.commons.logging
+/repo/search?q=python3-app
+/repo/search?q=docker-build
+/repo/search?q=powershell-scripts
+/repo/search?q=.profile
+/owner?tab=repositories&q=python3-app
+/org?q=python3-app
+/owner/repo/issues/posters?q=docker-ci
+/owner/repo/pulls/posters?q=docker-ci
+/explore/users?q=docker-ci
+/explore/organizations?q=docker-ci
+/api/v1/users/search?q=docker-ci
+
 # Pages, raw files and edit pages of files, and the API's call for their
 # contents.
 /owner/repo/src/branch/main/package.json
@@ -142,10 +165,41 @@
 /owner/repo/raw/branch/main/%5Bdraft%5D.md
 /owner/repo/_edit/main/%5Bdraft%5D.md
 /api/v1/repos/owner/repo/contents/%5Bdraft%5D.md
+/owner/repo/src/branch/main/notes.txt~
+/owner/repo/raw/branch/main/notes.txt~
+/owner/repo/_edit/main/notes.txt~
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/contents/notes.txt~
+
+# The download, blame, history, delete and preview pages of the files above
+# whose names the Core Rule Set checks in the path, and their downloads as
+# release attachments.
+/owner/repo/media/branch/main/notes.txt~
+/owner/repo/blame/branch/main/notes.txt~
+/owner/repo/commits/branch/main/notes.txt~
+/owner/repo/_delete/main/notes.txt~
+/owner/repo/media/branch/main/process.env.d.ts
+/owner/repo/blame/branch/main/process.env.d.ts
+/owner/repo/commits/branch/main/process.env.d.ts
+/owner/repo/_delete/main/process.env.d.ts
+/owner/repo/media/branch/main/docs/a%20b.xhtml
+/owner/repo/blame/branch/main/docs/a%20b.xhtml
+/owner/repo/commits/branch/main/docs/a%20b.xhtml
+/owner/repo/_delete/main/docs/a%20b.xhtml
+/owner/repo/media/branch/main/java.lang.String.md
+/owner/repo/blame/branch/main/java.lang.String.md
+/owner/repo/commits/branch/main/java.lang.String.md
+/owner/repo/_delete/main/java.lang.String.md
+/owner/repo/_preview/main/notes.txt~
+/owner/repo/_preview/main/process.env.d.ts
+/owner/repo/_preview/main/java.lang.String.md
+/owner/repo/releases/download/v1.0/notes.txt~
+/owner/repo/releases/download/v1.0/process.env.d.ts
+/owner/repo/releases/download/v1.0/java.lang.String.md
+/owner/repo/releases/download/v1.0/a%20b.xhtml
 
 # File names in the query string: the commit graph of a file, the API's lists
-# of its commits and of its contents, an issue opened from a template, and the
+# of its commits and of its contents, an issue opened from a template, the
-# sign-in page on the way to its edit page.
+# sign-in page on the way to its edit page, and a diff's hidden lines.
 /owner/repo/graph?file=package.json
 /api/v1/repos/owner/repo/commits?path=package.json
 /api/v1/repos/owner/repo/file-contents?body=%7B%22files%22%3A%5B%22package.json%22%5D%7D
@@ -231,36 +285,87 @@
 /api/v1/repos/owner/repo/file-contents?body=%7B%22files%22%3A%5B%22%5Bdraft%5D.md%22%5D%7D
 /owner/repo/issues/new?template=.gitea%2FISSUE_TEMPLATE%2F%5Bdraft%5D.md
 /user/login?redirect_to=%2Fowner%2Frepo%2F_edit%2Fmain%2F%5Bdraft%5D.md
+/owner/repo/blob_excerpt/0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef01234567?last_left=10&last_right=10&left=20&right=20&left_hunk_size=5&right_hunk_size=5&path=process.env.d.ts&style=unified&direction=down&wiki=false
+/owner/repo/blob_excerpt/0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef01234567?last_left=10&last_right=10&left=20&right=20&left_hunk_size=5&right_hunk_size=5&path=java.lang.String.md&style=unified&direction=down&wiki=false
+/owner/repo/blob_excerpt/0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef01234567?last_left=10&last_right=10&left=20&right=20&left_hunk_size=5&right_hunk_size=5&path=install-script.sh&style=unified&direction=down&wiki=false
+/owner/repo/blob_excerpt/0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef01234567?last_left=10&last_right=10&left=20&right=20&left_hunk_size=5&right_hunk_size=5&path=information_schema.sql&style=unified&direction=down&wiki=false
+/owner/repo/blob_excerpt/0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef01234567?last_left=10&last_right=10&left=20&right=20&left_hunk_size=5&right_hunk_size=5&path=document.write.js&style=unified&direction=down&wiki=false
+/owner/repo/blob_excerpt/0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef01234567?last_left=10&last_right=10&left=20&right=20&left_hunk_size=5&right_hunk_size=5&path=__proto__.json&style=unified&direction=down&wiki=false
+/owner/repo/blob_excerpt/0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef01234567?last_left=10&last_right=10&left=20&right=20&left_hunk_size=5&right_hunk_size=5&path=src%2Fjava.base%2Fshare%2Fclasses%2Fjava%2Flang%2FRuntime.java&style=unified&direction=down&wiki=false
+/owner/repo/blob_excerpt/0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef01234567?last_left=10&last_right=10&left=20&right=20&left_hunk_size=5&right_hunk_size=5&path=index.xhtml&style=unified&direction=down&wiki=false
 
-# Branch and tag names in the query string: deleting a branch, starting a
+# File names of attachments uploaded through the API, to a release, an issue and
-# release from a tag, a branch protection rule, a directory listing's last
+# a comment.
-# commits, and a container image push that reuses a layer.
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/releases/1/assets?name=package.json
-/owner/repo/branches?name=docker-build
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/releases/1/assets?name=.gitignore
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/releases/1/assets?name=docker-compose.yml
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/releases/1/assets?name=.htaccess
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/releases/1/assets?name=docker-entrypoint
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/releases/1/assets?name=python3-setup.sh
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/releases/1/assets?name=Runtime.java
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/releases/1/assets?name=org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/releases/1/assets?name=%5Bdraft%5D.md
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/releases/1/assets?name=notes.txt~
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/releases/1/assets?name=install-script.sh
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/issues/1/assets?name=install-script.sh
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/issues/comments/1/assets?name=install-script.sh
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/releases/1/assets?name=process.env.d.ts
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/issues/1/assets?name=process.env.d.ts
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/issues/comments/1/assets?name=process.env.d.ts
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/releases/1/assets?name=java.lang.String.md
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/issues/1/assets?name=java.lang.String.md
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/issues/comments/1/assets?name=java.lang.String.md
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/releases/1/assets?name=information_schema.sql
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/issues/1/assets?name=information_schema.sql
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/issues/comments/1/assets?name=information_schema.sql
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/releases/1/assets?name=document.write.js
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/issues/1/assets?name=document.write.js
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/issues/comments/1/assets?name=document.write.js
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/releases/1/assets?name=__proto__.json
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/issues/1/assets?name=__proto__.json
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/issues/comments/1/assets?name=__proto__.json
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/releases/1/assets?name=index.xhtml
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/issues/1/assets?name=index.xhtml
+/api/v1/repos/owner/repo/issues/comments/1/assets?name=index.xhtml
+
+# An artifact upload from actions/upload-artifact@v3, which sends Content-Range.
+/api/actions_pipeline/_apis/pipelines/workflows/1/artifacts/9b7c1f3a/upload?itemPath=artifact%2Freport.txt Content-Range: bytes 0-9/10
+
+# Branch and tag names in the query string: deleting and restoring a branch,
+# starting a release from a tag, a branch protection rule, a directory listing's
+# last commits, and a container image push that reuses a layer.
+/owner/repo/branches/delete?name=docker-build&page=1
+/owner/repo/branches/restore?branch_id=1&name=docker-build&page=1
 /owner/repo/releases/new?tag=docker-build
 /owner/repo/settings/branches/edit?rule_name=docker-build
 /owner/repo/lastcommit/main/src?refSubUrl=branch%2Fdocker-build
 /v2/owner/app/blobs/uploads/?mount=sha256%3A0000&from=owner%2Fdocker-build
-/owner/repo/branches?name=feat%2Fdocker-support
+/owner/repo/branches/delete?name=feat%2Fdocker-support&page=1
+/owner/repo/branches/restore?branch_id=1&name=feat%2Fdocker-support&page=1
 /owner/repo/releases/new?tag=feat%2Fdocker-support
 /owner/repo/settings/branches/edit?rule_name=feat%2Fdocker-support
 /owner/repo/lastcommit/main/src?refSubUrl=branch%2Ffeat%2Fdocker-support
 /v2/owner/app/blobs/uploads/?mount=sha256%3A0000&from=owner%2Ffeat%2Fdocker-support
-/owner/repo/branches?name=renovate%2Fdocker-build-push-action-6.x
+/owner/repo/branches/delete?name=renovate%2Fdocker-build-push-action-6.x&page=1
+/owner/repo/branches/restore?branch_id=1&name=renovate%2Fdocker-build-push-action-6.x&page=1
 /owner/repo/releases/new?tag=renovate%2Fdocker-build-push-action-6.x
 /owner/repo/settings/branches/edit?rule_name=renovate%2Fdocker-build-push-action-6.x
 /owner/repo/lastcommit/main/src?refSubUrl=branch%2Frenovate%2Fdocker-build-push-action-6.x
 /v2/owner/app/blobs/uploads/?mount=sha256%3A0000&from=owner%2Frenovate%2Fdocker-build-push-action-6.x
-/owner/repo/branches?name=python3-migration
+/owner/repo/branches/delete?name=python3-migration&page=1
+/owner/repo/branches/restore?branch_id=1&name=python3-migration&page=1
 /owner/repo/releases/new?tag=python3-migration
 /owner/repo/settings/branches/edit?rule_name=python3-migration
 /owner/repo/lastcommit/main/src?refSubUrl=branch%2Fpython3-migration
 /v2/owner/app/blobs/uploads/?mount=sha256%3A0000&from=owner%2Fpython3-migration
-/owner/repo/branches?name=ansible-roles
+/owner/repo/branches/delete?name=ansible-roles&page=1
+/owner/repo/branches/restore?branch_id=1&name=ansible-roles&page=1
 /owner/repo/releases/new?tag=ansible-roles
 /owner/repo/settings/branches/edit?rule_name=ansible-roles
 /owner/repo/lastcommit/main/src?refSubUrl=branch%2Fansible-roles
 /v2/owner/app/blobs/uploads/?mount=sha256%3A0000&from=owner%2Fansible-roles
-/owner/repo/branches?name=whoami
+/owner/repo/branches/delete?name=whoami&page=1
+/owner/repo/branches/restore?branch_id=1&name=whoami&page=1
 /owner/repo/releases/new?tag=whoami
 /owner/repo/settings/branches/edit?rule_name=whoami
 /owner/repo/lastcommit/main/src?refSubUrl=branch%2Fwhoami

internal/waf/waf.go

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // Package waf runs the OWASP Core Rule Set 4.25.0, through Coraza, on the
 // method, the URL with its query and the headers of a request, and on its
-// body while SWWAF_WAF_BODY_LIMIT is set, with the seven changes smallwebwaf
+// body while SWWAF_WAF_BODY_LIMIT is set, with the eight changes smallwebwaf
 // makes to it and the exclusions in SWWAF_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE, as
 // "Attack detection" under "Settings" in SPEC.md describes them. It reads no
 // response.
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 package waf
 
 import (
+	_ "embed"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
@@ -30,12 +31,14 @@ import (
 )
 
 // directives are the Core Rule Set as smallwebwaf runs it, with the
-// paranoia level for %d, and bodyDirectives for %s while
+// paranoia level for %d, bodyDirectives for the first %s while
-// SWWAF_WAF_BODY_LIMIT is set. Each rule smallwebwaf adds has an id from
+// SWWAF_WAF_BODY_LIMIT is set, the exclusions file for the second, and
-// 900000 to 900999, the ids the Core Rule Set keeps for the rules that set
+// giteaExclusions for the third.
-// it up, which SWWAF_WAF_DISABLED_RULES and the exclusions file refuse, so
+// Each rule smallwebwaf adds has an id from 900000 to 900999, the ids the
-// that no setting switches one off. Coraza joins a line ending in \ to the
+// Core Rule Set keeps for the rules that set it up, which
-// next, without the spaces at the start of the next.
+// SWWAF_WAF_DISABLED_RULES and the exclusions file refuse, so that no
+// setting switches one off. Coraza joins a line ending in \ to the next,
+// without the spaces at the start of the next.
 const directives = `
 # The engine only detects. smallwebwaf compares the request's anomaly
 # score with SWWAF_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD itself, in block and detect mode
@@ -73,6 +76,14 @@ SecArgumentsLimit 1000
 SecRule ARGUMENTS_LIMIT_REACHED "@eq 1" "id:900300,phase:2,pass,\
     severity:'CRITICAL',setvar:'tx.inbound_anomaly_score_pl1=+5'"
 
+# The exclusions file comes before the rules, where the Core Rule Set puts
+# its own file of exclusions that run before the rules, so that they run
+# before the rules of phase 1 too.
+%s
+
+# The eighth change comes before the rules for the same reason.
+%s
+
 # The sixth: only the rules for requests are loaded, and no response is
 # inspected.
 Include @owasp_crs/REQUEST-*.conf
@@ -100,10 +111,12 @@ SecRuleUpdateTargetById 932260 "!ARGS:path|!ARGS:files|!ARGS:skip-to|\
     !ARGS:artifactName|!ARGS:redirect_to"
 
 # The fifth, for Referer: it is not checked for a Unix command without
-# arguments, or for Java starting a process. The cookies are left out in
+# arguments, for Java starting a process, or for a Java class name. 944130
-# Inspect.
+# refused every page opened from the page of java.lang.String.md. The
+# cookies are left out in Inspect.
 SecRuleUpdateTargetById 932340 "!REQUEST_HEADERS:Referer"
 SecRuleUpdateTargetById 944110 "!REQUEST_HEADERS:Referer"
+SecRuleUpdateTargetById 944130 "!REQUEST_HEADERS:Referer"
 
 # The seventh: a container image push that reuses a layer names the image
 # it takes the layer from in the query parameter from, which is not
@@ -155,6 +168,13 @@ SecRule MULTIPART_STRICT_ERROR "!@eq 0" "id:900450,phase:2,pass,\
     severity:'CRITICAL',setvar:'tx.inbound_anomaly_score_pl1=+5'"
 `
 
+// giteaExclusions are the eighth change: the fields of gitea's own
+// requests that skip the rules that refused them there, as Coraza
+// directives.
+//
+//go:embed gitea.conf
+var giteaExclusions string
+
 // cookiesNotRead are the cookies the Core Rule Set reads a request
 // without, the rest of the fifth change.
 //
@@ -171,20 +191,96 @@ type Params struct {
 	// BodyLimit is the most of a request body the Core Rule Set reads
 	// (SWWAF_WAF_BODY_LIMIT), 0 while it is off and it reads none.
 	BodyLimit int64
-	// ExclusionsFile is the path of a file of exclusions loaded after the
+	// ExclusionsFile is the path of a file of exclusions loaded before the
-	// rest (SWWAF_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE), "" while there is none.
+	// Core Rule Set's rules (SWWAF_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE), "" while
+	// there is none.
 	ExclusionsFile string
 }
 
-// smallwebwafRuleID matches an id from 900000 to 900999, which an
+// The ids of smallwebwaf's own rules, which an exclusions file may not
-// exclusions file may not name: those are the ids of smallwebwaf's own
+// name.
-// rules.
+const (
-var smallwebwafRuleID = regexp.MustCompile(`\b900\d{3}\b`)
+	firstOwnRuleID = 900000
+	lastOwnRuleID  = 900999
+)
+
+// numberOrRange matches a number, or a range of numbers such as
+// 900000-900999. Coraza reads a number with a + before it too, so the
+// end of a range may have one.
+var numberOrRange = regexp.MustCompile(`(\d+)(?:-\+?(\d+))?`)
 
 // errSmallwebwafRuleID is the error of an exclusions file that names an
 // id of smallwebwaf's own rules.
 var errSmallwebwafRuleID = errors.New("an id of smallwebwaf's own rules")
 
+// errChangesNoRule is the error of an exclusions file that holds a
+// directive that removes or changes rules as it loads, such as
+// SecRuleRemoveById. The Core Rule Set's rules load after the file, so
+// the directive finds none of them.
+var errChangesNoRule = errors.New("the Core Rule Set's rules load after the file; " +
+	"switch a rule off with SWWAF_WAF_DISABLED_RULES, or on some requests " +
+	"with a ctl exclusion")
+
+// directivesIn returns the directives in text as Coraza reads them: it
+// skips blank lines and comment lines, and joins a line ending in \ to
+// the next, without the spaces around either.
+func directivesIn(text string) []string {
+	var directives []string
+
+	joined := ""
+
+	for line := range strings.Lines(text) {
+		line = strings.TrimSpace(line)
+		if line == "" || strings.HasPrefix(line, "#") {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if start, found := strings.CutSuffix(line, `\`); found {
+			joined += start
+
+			continue
+		}
+
+		directives = append(directives, joined+line)
+		joined = ""
+	}
+
+	return directives
+}
+
+// checkExclusions returns an error if exclusions, the text of an
+// exclusions file, names an id of smallwebwaf's own rules, alone or in a
+// range, or holds a directive whose name starts with SecRuleRemove or
+// SecRuleUpdate.
+func checkExclusions(exclusions string) error {
+	for _, directive := range directivesIn(exclusions) {
+		for _, match := range numberOrRange.FindAllStringSubmatch(directive, -1) {
+			first, _ := strconv.Atoi(match[1])
+
+			last := first
+			if match[2] != "" {
+				last, _ = strconv.Atoi(match[2])
+			}
+
+			if first <= lastOwnRuleID && last >= firstOwnRuleID {
+				return fmt.Errorf("the exclusions file names %s: %w", match[0],
+					errSmallwebwafRuleID)
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Coraza takes the directive's name up to the first space, without
+		// regard to case.
+		name, _, _ := strings.Cut(directive, " ")
+		if lower := strings.ToLower(name); strings.HasPrefix(lower, "secruleremove") ||
+			strings.HasPrefix(lower, "secruleupdate") {
+			return fmt.Errorf("%s in the exclusions file changes no rule: %w", name,
+				errChangesNoRule)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
 // CoreRuleSet is the Core Rule Set, ready to inspect requests. It is safe
 // for concurrent use.
 type CoreRuleSet struct {
@@ -192,18 +288,35 @@ type CoreRuleSet struct {
 	bodyLimit int64
 }
 
-// New returns the Core Rule Set with the seven changes, at params'
+// New returns the Core Rule Set with the eight changes, at params'
 // paranoia level, without the rules it switches off, reading request
 // bodies up to params' limit, and with params' exclusions file loaded
-// last. An exclusions file that cannot be read, does not parse or names
+// before the Core Rule Set's rules. An exclusions file is an error if it
-// an id of smallwebwaf's own rules is an error.
+// cannot be read or does not parse, or if checkExclusions refuses it.
 func New(params Params) (*CoreRuleSet, error) {
 	body := ""
 	if params.BodyLimit > 0 {
 		body = fmt.Sprintf(bodyDirectives, params.BodyLimit)
 	}
 
-	text := fmt.Sprintf(directives, params.ParanoiaLevel, body)
+	exclusions := ""
+
+	if params.ExclusionsFile != "" {
+		file, err := os.ReadFile(params.ExclusionsFile)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("read the exclusions file: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		exclusions = string(file)
+
+		err = checkExclusions(exclusions)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	text := fmt.Sprintf(directives, params.ParanoiaLevel, body, exclusions,
+		giteaExclusions)
 
 	if len(params.DisabledRules) > 0 {
 		ids := make([]string, len(params.DisabledRules))
@@ -214,23 +327,9 @@ func New(params Params) (*CoreRuleSet, error) {
 		text += "SecRuleRemoveById " + strings.Join(ids, " ") + "\n"
 	}
 
-	config := coraza.NewWAFConfig().WithRootFS(coreruleset.FS).WithDirectives(text)
+	waf, err := coraza.NewWAF(coraza.NewWAFConfig().
-
+		WithRootFS(coreruleset.FS).
-	if params.ExclusionsFile != "" {
+		WithDirectives(text))
-		exclusions, err := os.ReadFile(params.ExclusionsFile)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("read the exclusions file: %w", err)
-		}
-
-		if id := smallwebwafRuleID.Find(exclusions); id != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("the exclusions file names %s: %w", id,
-				errSmallwebwafRuleID)
-		}
-
-		config = config.WithDirectives(string(exclusions))
-	}
-
-	waf, err := coraza.NewWAF(config)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("load the Core Rule Set: %w", err)
 	}

internal/waf/waf_test.go

@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ func atDefaults(t *testing.T) *waf.CoreRuleSet {
 }
 
 // wantChange checks that crs lets through passes, a gitea request one of
-// the seven changes is for, and still finds result in refused, a request
+// the eight changes is for, and still finds result in refused, a request
 // like it that the change is not for.
 func wantChange(
 	t *testing.T, crs *waf.CoreRuleSet, passes, refused request, result waf.Result,
@@ -309,13 +309,14 @@ func TestCookiesGiteaFlashAndRedirectToAreNotRead(t *testing.T) {
 		matched(930120))
 }
 
-func TestRefererIsNotCheckedForACommandOrJavaStartingAProcess(t *testing.T) {
+func TestRefererIsNotCheckedForACommandOrJava(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	const (
 		search      = "https://git.example/explore/repos?q=env"
 		runtimeJava = "https://git.example/openjdk/jdk/src/branch/master/src/" +
 			"java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Runtime.java"
+		stringMD = "https://git.example/owner/repo/src/branch/main/java.lang.String.md"
 	)
 
 	crs := atDefaults(t)
@@ -324,6 +325,8 @@ func TestRefererIsNotCheckedForACommandOrJavaStartingAProcess(t *testing.T) {
 		matched(932340))
 	wantChange(t, crs, get("/", "Referer: "+runtimeJava),
 		get("/", "X-Page: "+runtimeJava), matched(944110))
+	wantChange(t, crs, get("/", "Referer: "+stringMD), get("/", "X-Page: "+stringMD),
+		matched(944130))
 
 	// It is still checked for script and SQL injection.
 	wantResult(t, crs,
@@ -400,39 +403,97 @@ func exclusionsFile(t *testing.T, text string) string {
 	return path
 }
 
-func TestExclusionsFileIsLoadedAfterTheCoreRuleSet(t *testing.T) {
+// backupFileExclusion is an exclusions file that switches 920500, a rule
+// of phase 1, off for the path of a backup file under /files/.
+const backupFileExclusion = `SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@beginsWith /files/" ` +
+	`"id:1,phase:1,pass,nolog,ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=920500;REQUEST_FILENAME"` + "\n"
+
+func TestExclusionsFileIsLoadedBeforeTheRules(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	crs, err := withExclusions(exclusionsFile(t,
+	crs, err := withExclusions(exclusionsFile(t, backupFileExclusion))
-		"SecRuleUpdateTargetById 942100 \"!ARGS:id\"\n"))
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("load the exclusions: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	wantChange(t, crs, get("/?id=1'%20OR%20'1'='1"), get("/?q=1'%20OR%20'1'='1"),
+	wantChange(t, crs, get("/files/notes.txt~"), get("/notes.txt~"), matched(920500))
-		matched(942100))
+}
+
+func TestRuleSwitchedOffAndNamedInTheExclusionsFileIsOff(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	crs, err := waf.New(waf.Params{
+		ParanoiaLevel: 1, DisabledRules: []int{920500},
+		ExclusionsFile: exclusionsFile(t, backupFileExclusion),
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("load the exclusions: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	wantResult(t, crs, get("/notes.txt~"), waf.Result{})
+}
+
+func TestExclusionsFileMayNameAnyNumberInAComment(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	_, err := withExclusions(exclusionsFile(t,
+		"# 942100: GET /issues/900123\n"+backupFileExclusion))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("the exclusions did not load: %v", err)
+	}
 }
 
 func TestExclusionsFileThatCannotBeUsedIsAnError(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	for _, path := range []string{
+	missing := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "missing.conf")
-		filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "missing.conf"),
+
-		exclusionsFile(t, "SecNoSuchDirective On\n"),
+	_, err := withExclusions(missing)
-		// smallwebwaf's own rules may not be switched off or changed.
+	if err == nil {
-		exclusionsFile(t, "SecRuleRemoveById 900300\n"),
+		t.Errorf("%s loaded", missing)
-		exclusionsFile(t, "SecRuleUpdateTargetById 900500 \"!ARGS:x\"\n"),
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range []struct{ text, want string }{
+		{"SecNoSuchDirective On\n", "unknown directive"},
+		// smallwebwaf's own rules may not be switched off or changed, by
+		// id or in a range, on one line or split over several.
+		{"SecRuleRemoveById 899999-901000\n", "names 899999-901000"},
+		{
+			"SecAction \"id:1,phase:1,pass,nolog,ctl:ruleRemoveById=899999-901000\"\n",
+			"names 899999-901000",
+		},
+		{
+			"SecAction \"id:1,phase:1,pass,nolog,ctl:ruleRemoveById=899999-+901000\"\n",
+			"names 899999-+901000",
+		},
+		{
+			"SecAction \"id:1,phase:1,pass,nolog,ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=900500;ARGS:from\"\n",
+			"names 900500",
+		},
+		{"SecRuleRemoveById 899000-\\\n    901000\n", "names 899000-901000"},
+		{
+			"SecAction \"id:1,phase:1,pass,nolog,\\\n" +
+				"    ctl:ruleRemoveById=9005\\\n    00\"\n",
+			"names 900500",
+		},
+		// The Core Rule Set's rules load after the file.
+		{"SecRuleRemoveById 942100\n", "SecRuleRemoveById in the exclusions file"},
+		{
+			"SecRuleUpdateTargetById 942100 \"!ARGS:id\"\n",
+			"SecRuleUpdateTargetById in the exclusions file",
+		},
 	} {
-		_, err := withExclusions(path)
+		_, err := withExclusions(exclusionsFile(t, tc.text))
-		if err == nil {
+		if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), tc.want) {
-			t.Errorf("%s loaded", path)
+			t.Errorf("%q gave the error %v, want one with %q", tc.text, err, tc.want)
 		}
 	}
 }
 
-// giteaRequests returns the targets of the recorded ordinary gitea requests
+// giteaRequests returns the recorded ordinary gitea requests in testdata.
-// in testdata, which script/gitea-setup sends too.
+// Each has the Referer of a page that names the same, as a page opened
-func giteaRequests(t *testing.T) []string {
+// from it has.
+func giteaRequests(t *testing.T) []request {
 	t.Helper()
 
 	text, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join("testdata", "gitea-requests.txt"))
@@ -440,45 +501,51 @@ func giteaRequests(t *testing.T) []string {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	var targets []string
+	var requests []request
 
 	for line := range strings.Lines(string(text)) {
 		line = strings.TrimSpace(line)
-		if line != "" && !strings.HasPrefix(line, "#") {
+		if line == "" || strings.HasPrefix(line, "#") {
-			targets = append(targets, line)
+			continue
 		}
+
+		target, header, _ := strings.Cut(line, " ")
+
+		headers := []string{"Referer: http://git.example" + target}
+		if header != "" {
+			headers = append(headers, header)
+		}
+
+		requests = append(requests, get(target, headers...))
 	}
 
-	return targets
+	return requests
 }
 
-func TestGiteaExclusionsLetOrdinaryGiteaRequestsThroughAndRefuseAttacks(t *testing.T) {
+func TestOrdinaryGiteaRequestsPassAndAttacksAreRefused(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	crs, err := withExclusions(filepath.Join("..", "..", "deploy", "gitea",
-		"crs-exclusions.conf"))
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("load gitea's exclusions: %v", err)
-	}
-
 	const threshold = 5 // SWWAF_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default
 
-	// Each with the Referer of a page that names the same, as a page
+	crs := atDefaults(t)
-	// opened from it has.
+
-	for _, target := range giteaRequests(t) {
+	for _, r := range giteaRequests(t) {
-		r := get(target, "Referer: http://git.example"+target)
 		if got := inspect(t, crs, r); got.Score >= threshold {
-			t.Errorf("%s refused: %+v", target, got)
+			t.Errorf("%s %q refused: %+v", r.target, r.headers[1:], got)
 		}
 	}
 
-	for _, attack := range []string{
+	// In q too, off gitea's search pages.
-		"/owner/repo?id=1'%20OR%20'1'='1",
+	for _, parameter := range []string{"id", "q"} {
-		"/owner/repo?id=..%2Fcustom%2Fconf%2Fapp.ini",
+		for _, attack := range []string{
-		"/owner/repo?id=%3Cscript%3Ealert(1)%3C%2Fscript%3E",
+			"1'%20OR%20'1'='1",
-	} {
+			"..%2Fcustom%2Fconf%2Fapp.ini",
-		if got := inspect(t, crs, get(attack)); got.Score < threshold {
+			"%3Cscript%3Ealert(1)%3C%2Fscript%3E",
-			t.Errorf("%s let through: %+v", attack, got)
+		} {
+			target := "/owner/repo?" + parameter + "=" + attack
+			if got := inspect(t, crs, get(target)); got.Score < threshold {
+				t.Errorf("%s let through: %+v", target, got)
+			}
 		}
 	}
 }

script/gitea-requests

@@ -1,351 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-# script/gitea-requests: build the image and run gitea 1.27.3 behind rproxy
-# and servewaf, three containers on one network. Every setting is at its
-# default but these: SWRP_UPSTREAM_URL names gitea's container, SWRP_WAF_BACKEND
-# names servewaf's, and SWWAF_LOG_REQUEST_HEADERS adds the header that labels a
-# request. Then send through rproxy the gitea requests that reading gitea's
-# source found the Core Rule Set refuses without the exclusions in
-# deploy/gitea/crs-exclusions.conf, and a
-# short sample of gitea's ordinary use: signing in, pages of files and commits,
-# a diff, the API, a push, clone and fetch over HTTP, and two container image
-# pushes. Last, print each request servewaf logged, with what it did with it and
-# the ids of the Core Rule Set's rules that matched it.
-# Every request comes from one client, docker's gateway, so more than
-# SWWAF_ERROR_BURST_THRESHOLD, 30, refusals in a minute would ban it, and
-# the requests after would show as banned. The containers, the network,
-# the images and the files the script makes are removed however it ends;
-# gitea's own image stays, as the base images of a build do. It needs
-# network access, and a docker daemon that pushes to a registry on
-# localhost over plain HTTP, as docker does by default. script/check does
-# not run this.
-set -eu
-
-SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd -P)"
-ROOT="$(cd "$SCRIPT_DIR/.." && pwd -P)"
-
-# gitea 1.27.3, 2026-08-29
-GITEA_IMAGE="gitea/gitea@sha256:87a67ee09d3ae0d1df5fda5dcda3e2a1f9236a45b0a59025d6e00e46adc43bef"
-
-# Named after this run, so that runs in other clones on the same host
-# never touch each other's.
-NAME="$("$SCRIPT_DIR/projectname")-gitea-$$"
-IMAGE="$NAME-image"
-NETWORK="$NAME"
-RPROXY="$NAME-rproxy"
-SERVEWAF="$NAME-servewaf"
-GITEA="$NAME-gitea"
-
-# gitea's one user, who owns the repository and the container images.
-PASSWORD="owner-password"
-
-BROWSER="Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:131.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/131.0"
-
-# The header that labels a request in the report. rproxy makes every request's
-# id itself, so a label cannot be the X-Request-ID.
-LABEL_HEADER="X-Case"
-
-# The default of SWWAF_LOG_REQUEST_HEADERS, and the header above.
-LOGGED_HEADERS="accept,accept-language,accept-encoding,content-type,origin,range,x-case"
-
-# The files the script makes, and rproxy's address once it runs, localhost and
-# the port docker publishes it on: a host name, since the Core Rule Set takes a
-# Host that is an IP address for a warning (920350).
-WORK=""
-address=""
-
-cleanup() {
-    # So that a signal cannot stop it partway through.
-    trap '' HUP INT TERM
-    docker rm --force --volumes "$RPROXY" "$SERVEWAF" "$GITEA" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
-    docker network rm "$NETWORK" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
-    docker rmi --force "$IMAGE" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
-    if [ -n "$address" ]; then
-        docker rmi --force "$address/owner/python3-app:1" "$address/owner/app:1" \
-            >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
-    fi
-    rm -rf "$WORK"
-}
-
-fail() {
-    echo "gitea-requests: $*" >&2
-    report
-    exit 1
-}
-
-# wait_for <what fails> <command>...: run the command every second until
-# it succeeds, for at most a minute.
-wait_for() {
-    failure="$1"
-    shift
-    tries=0
-    until "$@"; do
-        tries=$((tries + 1))
-        [ "$tries" -lt 60 ] || fail "$failure"
-        sleep 1
-    done
-}
-
-# healthy <container>: docker says the container's health check passes.
-healthy() {
-    status="$(docker inspect --format '{{.State.Health.Status}}' "$1")"
-    [ "$status" = healthy ]
-}
-
-# logged <text>...: a line of servewaf's output holds every text, in any order.
-logged() {
-    lines="$(docker logs "$SERVEWAF" 2>&1)"
-    for text in "$@"; do
-        lines="$(printf '%s\n' "$lines" | grep -F "$text")" || return 1
-    done
-}
-
-# send <label> <path> <curl option>...: send a request for path to rproxy, with
-# label in LABEL_HEADER, which the report gives, and keep the body of the answer
-# in $WORK/answer. The Core Rule Set reads that header too, so a label names no
-# file the cases name.
-send() {
-    label="$1"
-    path="$2"
-    shift 2
-    curl --silent --show-error --max-time 30 --output "$WORK/answer" \
-        --header "$LABEL_HEADER: $label" "$@" "http://$address$path"
-}
-
-# page <label> <path> <curl option>...: send the request as a browser
-# does, with the cookies gitea has set. Its Referer is the repository's
-# page, which links to the others, and never a page the Core Rule Set
-# refused: its address would have the next request refused too.
-page() {
-    label="$1"
-    path="$2"
-    shift 2
-    send "$label" "$path" --compressed --user-agent "$BROWSER" \
-        --header "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,*/*;q=0.8" \
-        --header "Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5" \
-        --cookie "$WORK/cookies" --cookie-jar "$WORK/cookies" \
-        --referer "http://$address/owner/repo" "$@"
-}
-
-# api <label> <path> <curl option>...: send the request as a client of
-# gitea's API does, as the owner.
-api() {
-    label="$1"
-    path="$2"
-    shift 2
-    send "$label" "$path" --user "owner:$PASSWORD" \
-        --header "Accept: application/json" "$@"
-}
-
-# repo_git <git argument>...: run git as the owner, without the host's
-# own git settings, so that nothing it does is kept outside $WORK.
-repo_git() {
-    GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL=/dev/null GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM=1 git \
-        -c user.name=owner -c user.email=owner@example.invalid "$@"
-}
-
-# lines: forty lines of text, enough for a diff to hide some of them.
-lines() {
-    i=1
-    while [ "$i" -le 40 ]; do
-        echo "line $i"
-        i=$((i + 1))
-    done
-}
-
-# make_repository: create the repository owner/repo, holding a file of
-# each name the cases name, and push it, which is the push over HTTP of
-# the sample. The second commit adds a line at the end of Runtime.java,
-# so that its diff hides the lines above.
-make_repository() {
-    status="$(api create-repository /api/v1/user/repos \
-        --header "Content-Type: application/json" --data '{"name":"repo"}' \
-        --write-out '%{http_code}')"
-    [ "$status" = 201 ] || fail "creating the repository was answered $status"
-
-    dir="$WORK/repo"
-    repo_git init --quiet --initial-branch=main "$dir"
-    for file in \
-        src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Runtime.java \
-        java.lang.String.md \
-        META-INF/services/org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory \
-        document.write.js \
-        process.env.d.ts \
-        test/fixtures/__proto__.json \
-        install-script.sh \
-        src/backend/catalog/information_schema.sql \
-        .../notes.txt \
-        README.md; do
-        mkdir -p "$dir/$(dirname "$file")"
-        lines >"$dir/$file"
-        repo_git -C "$dir" add "$file"
-    done
-    repo_git -C "$dir" commit --quiet --message "Add the files"
-    echo "line 41" >>"$dir/src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Runtime.java"
-    repo_git -C "$dir" commit --quiet --all --message "Add a line"
-
-    repo_git -C "$dir" -c "http.extraHeader=$LABEL_HEADER: git-push" push --quiet \
-        "http://owner:$PASSWORD@$address/owner/repo.git" main ||
-        fail "the push of the repository failed"
-}
-
-# browse: sign in, then open pages as a person does. The cases are those
-# of https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/smallwebwaf/issues/30.
-browse() {
-    # Case: gitea sends a visitor who is not signed in to the sign-in
-    # page, with the page asked for in redirect_to, when that page needs
-    # signing in, as a file's edit page does.
-    page issue-30-case /owner/repo/_edit/main/document.write.js --location
-
-    page sign-in /user/login
-    status="$(page sign-in /user/login --header "Origin: http://$address" \
-        --data-urlencode user_name=owner --data-urlencode "password=$PASSWORD" \
-        --write-out '%{http_code}')"
-    [ "$status" = 303 ] || fail "signing in was answered $status"
-
-    page browse /
-    page browse /owner/repo
-    page browse /owner/repo/src/branch/main/README.md
-    page browse /owner/repo/commits/branch/main
-    page browse "/owner/repo/commit/$(repo_git -C "$WORK/repo" rev-parse HEAD)"
-
-    # Case: expanding the lines the diff hides, by the link the diff's
-    # page gives for it.
-    excerpt="$(sed -n 's/.*data-fetch-url="\([^"]*blob_excerpt[^"]*\)".*/\1/p' \
-        "$WORK/answer" | head -n 1 | sed 's/&amp;/\&/g')"
-    [ -n "$excerpt" ] || fail "the diff's page has no link to its hidden lines"
-    page issue-30-case "$excerpt"
-
-    # Cases: the commit graph of one file, and the pages of files whose
-    # path the Core Rule Set takes for an attack.
-    page issue-30-case "/owner/repo/graph?file=src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Runtime.java"
-    page issue-30-case /owner/repo/src/branch/main/META-INF/services/org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory
-    page issue-30-case /owner/repo/src/branch/main/java.lang.String.md
-    page issue-30-case /owner/repo/src/branch/main/process.env.d.ts
-    page issue-30-case /owner/repo/src/branch/main/.../notes.txt
-}
-
-# call_api: the API's calls the cases name: the commits of a file, for a
-# file of each name the Core Rule Set takes for an attack in the query
-# parameter path, and the file-contents call, which takes its list of
-# files as JSON in the query parameter body.
-call_api() {
-    for file in \
-        src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Runtime.java \
-        java.lang.String.md \
-        document.write.js \
-        process.env.d.ts \
-        test/fixtures/__proto__.json \
-        install-script.sh \
-        src/backend/catalog/information_schema.sql; do
-        api issue-30-case /api/v1/repos/owner/repo/commits --get --data-urlencode "path=$file"
-    done
-    api issue-30-case /api/v1/repos/owner/repo/file-contents --get \
-        --data-urlencode 'body={"files":["src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/Runtime.java"]}'
-}
-
-# push_images: push a container image to owner/python3-app, then the same
-# image to owner/app. For the second, the case, docker asks gitea to take
-# its layer from owner/python3-app, naming it in the query parameter
-# from. docker sends no label, so the report gives its requests none. The image
-# is one small file, imported rather than built.
-push_images() {
-    echo "$NAME" >"$WORK/layer.txt"
-    tar -cf - -C "$WORK" layer.txt |
-        docker import - "$address/owner/python3-app:1" >/dev/null
-    docker tag "$address/owner/python3-app:1" "$address/owner/app:1"
-
-    # The login is written here rather than made with docker login, which
-    # would keep it in the host's credential helper when it has one.
-    mkdir "$WORK/docker"
-    printf '{"auths":{"%s":{"auth":"%s"}}}\n' "$address" \
-        "$(printf 'owner:%s' "$PASSWORD" | base64)" >"$WORK/docker/config.json"
-    for image in "$address/owner/python3-app:1" "$address/owner/app:1"; do
-        DOCKER_CONFIG="$WORK/docker" docker push --quiet "$image" >/dev/null ||
-            echo "gitea-requests: the push of $image failed" >&2
-    done
-}
-
-# clone_and_fetch: the clone and fetch over HTTP of the sample.
-clone_and_fetch() {
-    repo_git -c "http.extraHeader=$LABEL_HEADER: git-clone" clone --quiet \
-        "http://owner:$PASSWORD@$address/owner/repo.git" "$WORK/clone" ||
-        fail "the clone failed"
-    repo_git -C "$WORK/clone" -c "http.extraHeader=$LABEL_HEADER: git-fetch" fetch --quiet ||
-        fail "the fetch failed"
-}
-
-# field <name> <line>: the text of the field name in line, a line of the
-# request log, or nothing when it has none.
-field() {
-    printf '%s\n' "$2" | sed -n "s/.*\"$1\":\"\([^\"]*\)\".*/\1/p"
-}
-
-# report: print a line for each request rproxy reported to servewaf: what
-# servewaf did with the request, the ids of the Core Rule Set's rules that
-# matched it, its label, and the request. waf_blocked is a refusal by the Core
-# Rule Set, and forward a request passed on to gitea, whatever gitea answered.
-report() {
-    docker logs "$SERVEWAF" 2>/dev/null | grep '"servewaf_line":"report"' |
-        sed 's/\\u0026/\&/g' >"$WORK/requests"
-    while IFS= read -r line; do
-        ids="$(printf '%s\n' "$line" | sed -n 's/.*"waf_rule_ids":\[\([0-9,]*\)\].*/\1/p')"
-        query="$(field query "$line")"
-        label="$(field x-case "$line")"
-        printf '%-11s %-13s %-17s %s %s%s\n' "$(field action "$line")" "${ids:--}" \
-            "${label:--}" "$(field method "$line")" \
-            "$(field path "$line")" "${query:+?$query}"
-    done <"$WORK/requests"
-    echo "gitea-requests: $(grep -c . "$WORK/requests") requests," \
-        "$(grep -c '"action":"waf_blocked"' "$WORK/requests") refused by the Core Rule Set"
-}
-
-main() {
-    cd "$ROOT"
-    trap cleanup EXIT
-    trap 'exit 1' HUP INT TERM
-    WORK="$(mktemp -d)"
-
-    docker build --no-cache -t "$IMAGE" .
-
-    # rproxy first, so that gitea can be given the address it is reached at,
-    # and gitea's image pulled before, so that gitea starts within the minute
-    # rproxy's health check waits for it.
-    docker pull --quiet "$GITEA_IMAGE" >/dev/null
-    docker network create "$NETWORK" >/dev/null
-    docker run --detach --name "$SERVEWAF" --network "$NETWORK" \
-        --env SMALLWEBWAF_COMMAND=servewaf \
-        --env SWWAF_LOG_REQUEST_HEADERS="$LOGGED_HEADERS" \
-        "$IMAGE" >/dev/null
-    wait_for "servewaf's health check did not pass" healthy "$SERVEWAF"
-    docker run --detach --name "$RPROXY" --network "$NETWORK" \
-        --publish 127.0.0.1::8080 \
-        --env SWRP_UPSTREAM_URL="http://$GITEA:3000" \
-        --env SWRP_WAF_BACKEND="http://$SERVEWAF:8080" \
-        "$IMAGE" >/dev/null
-    published="$(docker port "$RPROXY" 8080/tcp)"
-    address="localhost:${published##*:}"
-
-    docker run --detach --name "$GITEA" --network "$NETWORK" \
-        --env GITEA__security__INSTALL_LOCK=true \
-        --env GITEA__server__ROOT_URL="http://$address/" \
-        "$GITEA_IMAGE" >/dev/null
-    # rproxy's health check passes once gitea takes connections.
-    wait_for "rproxy's health check did not pass" healthy "$RPROXY"
-    docker exec --user git "$GITEA" gitea admin user create --admin \
-        --username owner --password "$PASSWORD" --email owner@example.invalid \
-        --must-change-password=false >/dev/null
-
-    make_repository
-    browse
-    call_api
-    push_images
-    clone_and_fetch
-
-    # The fetch's last request is the last of all; once it is logged, so
-    # is every other.
-    wait_for "servewaf logged no report of the fetch" \
-        logged '"x-case":"git-fetch"' '"method":"POST"' '"servewaf_line":"report"'
-    report
-}
-
-main "$@"

script/gitea-setup

@@ -1,286 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-# script/gitea-setup: build the image, bring up deploy/gitea under a project
-# name of its own, and check it:
-#   - that a page load, a push and a clone sent through traefik pass through
-#     rproxy, and that servewaf checks them;
-#   - that gitea logs the visitor's address, not rproxy's;
-#   - that a request from a container on the shared network skips the checks;
-#   - that the Core Rule Set refuses none of the ordinary gitea requests in
-#     internal/waf/testdata/gitea-requests.txt, nor a fetch, nor API calls with
-#     JSON bodies;
-#   - that it refuses SQL injection, path traversal and script injection in a
-#     query string;
-#   - that with servewaf stopped, gitea still answers through rproxy.
-# It publishes no port of traefik's, since this host's ports 80 and 443 may be
-# taken. It reaches traefik at its address on the shared network instead, so
-# its own requests come from the network's gateway, which servewaf checks like
-# any visitor. Two runs at once on one docker host cannot both start, since
-# both would use the subnet compose.yaml names. The containers, the network,
-# the volumes, the image and the files the script makes are removed however it
-# ends; the gitea and traefik images stay, as the base images of a build do.
-# It needs network access. script/check does not run this.
-set -eu
-
-SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd -P)"
-ROOT="$(cd "$SCRIPT_DIR/.." && pwd -P)"
-
-# Named after this run, so that runs in other clones on the same host
-# never touch each other's.
-NAME="$("$SCRIPT_DIR/projectname")-gitea-setup-$$"
-IMAGE="$NAME-image"
-NETWORK="${NAME}_shared"
-VISITOR="$NAME-visitor"
-
-# The site's host name and gitea's image, as deploy/gitea/compose.yaml names
-# them. gitea's image also runs the container on the shared network.
-SITE="git.example.org"
-# gitea 1.27.3, 2026-08-29
-GITEA_IMAGE="gitea/gitea@sha256:87a67ee09d3ae0d1df5fda5dcda3e2a1f9236a45b0a59025d6e00e46adc43bef"
-
-# gitea's one user, who owns the repository.
-PASSWORD="owner-password"
-
-# The files the script makes, gitea's secret key for this run, and traefik's
-# and the gateway's addresses on the shared network once the setup runs.
-WORK=""
-secret_key=""
-traefik=""
-gateway=""
-
-cleanup() {
-    # So that a signal cannot stop it partway through.
-    trap '' HUP INT TERM
-    docker rm --force "$VISITOR" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
-    if [ -n "$WORK" ]; then
-        compose down --volumes --remove-orphans --timeout 5 >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
-        rm -rf "$WORK"
-    fi
-    docker rmi --force "$IMAGE" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
-}
-
-# compose <argument>...: docker compose on the setup, under this run's project
-# name, with the image built here, this run's secret key and no port of
-# traefik's published.
-compose() {
-    SMALLWEBWAF_IMAGE="$IMAGE" GITEA_SECRET_KEY="$secret_key" \
-        docker compose --project-name "$NAME" \
-        --file "$ROOT/deploy/gitea/compose.yaml" --file "$WORK/no-ports.yaml" "$@"
-}
-
-fail() {
-    echo "gitea-setup: $*; the last lines of each container's output:" >&2
-    compose logs --no-color --tail 30 >&2 || true
-    exit 1
-}
-
-# wait_for <what fails> <command>...: run the command every second until
-# it succeeds, for at most a minute.
-wait_for() {
-    failure="$1"
-    shift
-    tries=0
-    until "$@"; do
-        tries=$((tries + 1))
-        [ "$tries" -lt 60 ] || fail "$failure"
-        sleep 1
-    done
-}
-
-# logged <service> <text>...: a line of the service's output holds every text,
-# in any order.
-logged() {
-    lines="$(compose logs --no-color --no-log-prefix "$1" 2>&1)"
-    shift
-    for text in "$@"; do
-        lines="$(printf '%s\n' "$lines" | grep -F -e "$text")" || return 1
-    done
-}
-
-# send <path> <curl option>...: send a request for path to the site, at
-# traefik's address, and print the status of the answer, 000 for none. traefik
-# answers with a certificate it made itself, since the setup names no
-# certificate resolver.
-send() {
-    path="$1"
-    shift
-    curl --silent --show-error --insecure --max-time 30 --output /dev/null \
-        --write-out '%{http_code}' --resolve "$SITE:443:$traefik" "$@" \
-        "https://$SITE$path" || true
-}
-
-# routed: traefik passes a request for the site's front page on to gitea.
-routed() {
-    [ "$(send / 2>/dev/null)" = 200 ]
-}
-
-# site_git <git argument>...: run git as the owner, without the host's own git
-# settings, reaching the site at traefik's address. git gives up on a transfer
-# slower than 1000 bytes a second for 30 seconds.
-site_git() {
-    GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL=/dev/null GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM=1 git \
-        -c user.name=owner -c user.email=owner@example.invalid \
-        -c http.sslVerify=false -c "http.curloptResolve=$SITE:443:$traefik" \
-        -c http.lowSpeedLimit=1000 -c http.lowSpeedTime=30 "$@"
-}
-
-# address_of <service>: print the service's address on the shared network.
-address_of() {
-    docker inspect --format "{{(index .NetworkSettings.Networks \"$NETWORK\").IPAddress}}" \
-        "$(compose ps --quiet "$1")"
-}
-
-# passed_through <method> <path>: rproxy passed a request from the gateway for
-# path to gitea on servewaf's allow, and servewaf checked it: its report line
-# gives the client's counts and the Core Rule Set's score.
-passed_through() {
-    wait_for "rproxy logged no $1 $2 that servewaf allowed" logged rproxy \
-        "\"method\":\"$1\"" "\"path\":\"$2\"" "\"client_ip\":\"$gateway\"" \
-        '"disposition":"allow"'
-    wait_for "servewaf logged no check of $1 $2" logged servewaf \
-        '"servewaf_line":"report"' "\"method\":\"$1\"" "\"path\":\"$2\"" \
-        "\"client_ip\":\"$gateway\"" '"action":"forward"' '"counts":' '"waf_score":'
-}
-
-# refused: print each request servewaf logged as refused, for any reason.
-refused() {
-    compose logs --no-color --no-log-prefix servewaf 2>&1 |
-        grep -F '"servewaf_line":"report"' | grep -v -F '"action":"forward"' || true
-}
-
-# ordinary_requests: sign in as the owner, save a file and open an issue
-# through the API with JSON bodies, then send, signed in, each request in
-# internal/waf/testdata/gitea-requests.txt, with that request's own address as
-# its Referer, as a page opened from it has. One a second keeps them under the
-# default limit of 120 requests a minute, since a request refused for a limit is
-# never inspected. Fail if servewaf refuses any of them.
-ordinary_requests() {
-    send /user/login --cookie-jar "$WORK/cookies" >/dev/null
-    status="$(send /user/login --cookie "$WORK/cookies" --cookie-jar "$WORK/cookies" \
-        --header "Origin: https://$SITE" --data-urlencode user_name=owner \
-        --data-urlencode "password=$PASSWORD")"
-    [ "$status" = 303 ] || fail "signing in was answered $status"
-
-    content="$(printf 'declare const env: Record<string, string>;\n' | base64)"
-    status="$(send /api/v1/repos/owner/repo/contents/process.env.d.ts \
-        --user "owner:$PASSWORD" --header "Content-Type: application/json" \
-        --data "{\"message\":\"Add process.env.d.ts\",\"content\":\"$content\"}")"
-    [ "$status" = 201 ] || fail "saving a file through the API was answered $status"
-    status="$(send /api/v1/repos/owner/repo/issues --user "owner:$PASSWORD" \
-        --header "Content-Type: application/json" \
-        --data '{"title":"ls -la fails","body":"SELECT * FROM users; <img src=x>"}')"
-    [ "$status" = 201 ] || fail "opening an issue through the API was answered $status"
-
-    grep -v -e '^#' -e '^$' "$ROOT/internal/waf/testdata/gitea-requests.txt" |
-        while IFS= read -r target; do
-            send "$target" --globoff --cookie "$WORK/cookies" \
-                --header "Referer: https://$SITE$target" >/dev/null
-            sleep 1
-        done
-
-    # The last request's report is logged once its answer has ended.
-    send /api/v1/settings/api >/dev/null
-    wait_for "servewaf logged no report of the last ordinary request" logged servewaf \
-        '"servewaf_line":"report"' '"path":"/api/v1/settings/api"'
-    refusals="$(refused)"
-    [ -z "$refusals" ] || fail "servewaf refused ordinary requests:
-$refusals"
-}
-
-# attacks: send SQL injection, path traversal and script injection in a query
-# string, and fail unless the Core Rule Set refuses each.
-attacks() {
-    # The traversal climbs one directory: the default rule file refuses two or
-    # more first, before the Core Rule Set runs.
-    for query in "id=1'%20OR%20'1'%3D'1" "id=..%2Fcustom%2Fconf%2Fapp.ini" \
-        "id=%3Cscript%3Ealert(1)%3C%2Fscript%3E"; do
-        status="$(send "/owner/repo?$query")"
-        [ "$status" = 403 ] || fail "the attack ?$query was answered $status"
-        wait_for "servewaf logged no refusal of ?$query" logged servewaf \
-            '"servewaf_line":"report"' '"action":"waf_blocked"' "\"query\":\"$query\""
-    done
-}
-
-main() {
-    cd "$ROOT"
-    trap cleanup EXIT
-    trap 'exit 1' HUP INT TERM
-    WORK="$(mktemp -d)"
-    printf 'services:\n    traefik:\n        ports: !reset []\n' >"$WORK/no-ports.yaml"
-
-    docker build --no-cache -t "$IMAGE" .
-    secret_key="$(docker run --rm "$GITEA_IMAGE" gitea generate secret SECRET_KEY)"
-
-    # rproxy is healthy once gitea takes connections.
-    compose up --detach --quiet-pull --wait --wait-timeout 120 ||
-        fail "the setup did not start"
-    traefik="$(address_of traefik)"
-    gateway="$(docker network inspect --format '{{(index .IPAM.Config 0).Gateway}}' "$NETWORK")"
-    wait_for "traefik did not route the site to rproxy" routed
-
-    compose exec --user git gitea gitea admin user create --admin \
-        --username owner --password "$PASSWORD" --email owner@example.invalid \
-        --must-change-password=false >/dev/null || fail "creating gitea's user failed"
-    status="$(send /api/v1/user/repos --user "owner:$PASSWORD" \
-        --header "Content-Type: application/json" --data '{"name":"repo"}')"
-    [ "$status" = 201 ] || fail "creating the repository was answered $status"
-
-    status="$(send /owner/repo)"
-    [ "$status" = 200 ] || fail "the repository's page was answered $status"
-    passed_through GET /owner/repo
-    echo "gitea-setup: a page load passes through rproxy, and servewaf checks it"
-
-    wait_for "gitea did not log the visitor's address" logged gitea \
-        "GET /owner/repo for $gateway:"
-    echo "gitea-setup: gitea logs the visitor's address, not rproxy's"
-
-    site_git init --quiet --initial-branch=main "$WORK/repo"
-    echo "hello" >"$WORK/repo/README.md"
-    site_git -C "$WORK/repo" add README.md
-    site_git -C "$WORK/repo" commit --quiet --message "Add a README"
-    site_git -C "$WORK/repo" push --quiet \
-        "https://owner:$PASSWORD@$SITE/owner/repo.git" main ||
-        fail "the push failed"
-    passed_through POST /owner/repo.git/git-receive-pack
-    echo "gitea-setup: a push passes through rproxy, and servewaf checks it"
-
-    site_git clone --quiet "https://owner:$PASSWORD@$SITE/owner/repo.git" \
-        "$WORK/clone" || fail "the clone failed"
-    [ "$(cat "$WORK/clone/README.md")" = hello ] || fail "the clone lacks the README"
-    passed_through POST /owner/repo.git/git-upload-pack
-    echo "gitea-setup: a clone passes through rproxy, and servewaf checks it"
-
-    # A container on the shared network, as sandcastle is, asks for the site
-    # by its name, and so reaches traefik from its own address.
-    status="$(docker run --rm --name "$VISITOR" --network "$NETWORK" \
-        --entrypoint curl "$GITEA_IMAGE" --silent --insecure --max-time 30 \
-        --output /dev/null --write-out '%{http_code}' "https://$SITE/api/v1/version" ||
-        true)"
-    [ "$status" = 200 ] || fail "the request from the shared network was answered $status"
-    wait_for "servewaf logged no request from the shared network" logged servewaf \
-        '"servewaf_line":"report"' '"path":"/api/v1/version"' '"action":"forward"'
-    line="$(compose logs --no-color --no-log-prefix servewaf |
-        grep -F '"servewaf_line":"report"' | grep -F '"path":"/api/v1/version"')"
-    case "$line" in
-        *"\"client_ip\":\"$gateway\""*)
-            fail "the request from the shared network came from the gateway" ;;
-        *'"counts":'* | *'"waf_score":'*)
-            fail "servewaf checked the request from the shared network" ;;
-    esac
-    echo "gitea-setup: a request from the shared network skips the checks"
-
-    site_git -C "$WORK/clone" fetch --quiet || fail "the fetch failed"
-    ordinary_requests
-    echo "gitea-setup: the Core Rule Set refuses no ordinary gitea request"
-    attacks
-    echo "gitea-setup: the Core Rule Set refuses the attacks"
-
-    compose stop servewaf >/dev/null 2>&1 || fail "servewaf did not stop"
-    status="$(send /owner/repo)"
-    [ "$status" = 200 ] ||
-        fail "with servewaf stopped, the repository's page was answered $status"
-    wait_for "rproxy logged no request SWRP_DEFAULT_DISPOSITION decided" \
-        logged rproxy '"path":"/owner/repo"' '"default_disposition":true'
-    echo "gitea-setup: with servewaf stopped, gitea answers through rproxy"
-}
-
-main "$@"