Adopt repo standards: scaffold, policies, lint-clean (closes #1)

Add the standard scaffold and bring the tree to a clean lint under the
vendored `default: all` config. New: `script/` Scripts-to-Rule-Them-All
entrypoints with the `Makefile` reduced to thin shims; a `Dockerfile`
whose `lint` and `test` phases gate the build (final stage depends on
both); a `.gitea/workflows/` CI running `script/cibuild`; the vendored
`.golangci.yml`; `REPO_POLICIES.md`; `.editorconfig`; `.dockerignore`; a
`LICENSE` (WTFPL) and `TODO.md`; and a comprehensive `.gitignore`.

The 211 lint findings were fixed, not suppressed: package-level state
became functions/fields/a command constructor, magic numbers became named
constants, `ctx` is threaded into the probes, the loop functions were
split to cut complexity, and the deprecated `+build` tags were dropped.
Behavior is unchanged. The only annotations are justified `//nolint:gosec`
on the `ping`/`curl` subprocess calls (G204, fixed argv) and the
operator-chosen log file (G304), matching the reference repos.

`make check` is green (lint and tests run in Docker).

Model: opus-4-8

script/install-precommit

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# script/install-precommit: install the git pre-commit hook that runs
+# script/precommit. Our extension to scripts-to-rule-them-all.
+set -eu
+
+ROOT="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")/.." && pwd -P)"
+
+main() {
+	cd "$ROOT"
+	printf '#!/bin/sh\nset -e\nscript/precommit\n' > .git/hooks/pre-commit
+	chmod +x .git/hooks/pre-commit
+	echo "pre-commit hook installed: runs script/precommit"
+}
+
+main "$@"