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quak/src/download/index.ts
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Store live photos as their image and their video (closes #107)
A live photo, which Ente stores as one ZIP, is unpacked as it downloads
into its image and its video, each `<fileID>.<ext>` with its extension
from the ZIP, beside `<fileID>.livephoto.json`, which names the two.
Both are checked against the recorded hash and renamed into place only
when both are complete. A ZIP with a second image or video, or whose
parts come to more than 20 times its size plus 16 MiB, is refused. The
backup and the content cache count a live photo as stored only with both
files, album folders link both, `quak get` writes both, and the content
result gives the video as `videoPath`. A ZIP an earlier version stored
is replaced.

Model: opus-5-5
2026-09-28 18:06:01 +02:00

616 lines
25 KiB
TypeScript

import { randomBytes } from "node:crypto";
import { readdirSync, rmSync } from "node:fs";
import { open, rename, rm } from "node:fs/promises";
import type { FileHandle } from "node:fs/promises";
import { dirname, join } from "node:path";
import { Unzip, UnzipInflate } from "fflate";
import {
chunkHashFinal,
chunkHashInit,
chunkHashUpdate,
fromBase64,
initStreamPull,
pullStreamChunk,
STREAM_CHUNK_OVERHEAD,
STREAM_CHUNK_SIZE,
streamTagFinal,
} from "../crypto/index.js";
import { TruncatedStreamError } from "../errors.js";
import { safeExtension, sanitizeFileName, withExtension } from "../filename.js";
import { withRetry } from "../retry.js";
import type { ApiClient } from "../api/client.js";
import type { EnteFile } from "../model/types.js";
export interface DownloadResult {
// Where the file was written. A live photo is written as two files, its
// image here and its video at `videoPath` (see `decryptLivePhoto`).
path: string;
// The decrypted length; for a live photo, that of the ZIP it arrives as.
bytesWritten: number;
videoPath?: string;
}
// Fired as decrypted plaintext accumulates, with the running total of
// plaintext bytes recovered so far. Within one download it is non-decreasing
// and its last value equals the final `bytesWritten`. A retry restarts the
// file from byte zero (see `fetchAndDecrypt`), so a fresh attempt begins its
// own count from zero.
export type ProgressCallback = (bytesDone: number) => void;
const ENC_CHUNK_SIZE = STREAM_CHUNK_SIZE + STREAM_CHUNK_OVERHEAD;
// Decrypt a secretstream body, handing each plaintext chunk to `sink` as it is
// produced rather than accumulating the whole file. Peak memory is one
// ciphertext chunk of network buffer plus one plaintext chunk — bounded by
// `STREAM_CHUNK_SIZE` regardless of the file's size — so a multi-gigabyte video
// no longer needs its size again in RAM. Returns the total plaintext length.
//
// The truncation contract is exactly the buffered version's, only the sink is
// new: a body cut short still decrypts and authenticates up to its last whole
// chunk, so the absence of TAG_FINAL is the sole evidence it was cut short, and
// this throws rather than let a caller keep a short file. The sink has already
// seen those chunks by then; the callers (`decryptToTemp`, `decryptLivePhoto`)
// stage them in temp files that are renamed into place only on a clean return,
// so a throw leaves nothing on disk.
const streamDecrypt = async (
stream: ReadableStream<Uint8Array>,
header: Uint8Array,
key: Uint8Array,
sink: (plaintext: Uint8Array) => Promise<void>,
onProgress?: ProgressCallback,
): Promise<number> => {
const state = initStreamPull(header, key);
const reader = stream.getReader();
// Incoming reads are held as-is and only stitched into a contiguous chunk
// at each `ENC_CHUNK_SIZE` boundary, so every received byte is copied once.
// Concatenating on each read instead — reallocating the whole accumulator
// per read — is O(n^2) in the bytes buffered, and for a 4 MiB chunk that
// memory churn dwarfs the libsodium decryption itself.
const pending: Uint8Array[] = [];
let pendingBytes = 0;
let totalPlain = 0;
let chunksPulled = 0;
let lastTag = -1;
// Remove the first `size` bytes from `pending` as one contiguous buffer.
// A read that straddles the boundary is split with `subarray` (a view, no
// copy); its tail stays queued for the next chunk. `size` never exceeds
// `pendingBytes`, so the queue always holds enough.
const takeContiguous = (size: number): Uint8Array => {
const out = new Uint8Array(size);
let offset = 0;
while (offset < size) {
const piece = pending[0]!;
const need = size - offset;
if (piece.length <= need) {
out.set(piece, offset);
offset += piece.length;
pending.shift();
} else {
out.set(piece.subarray(0, need), offset);
pending[0] = piece.subarray(need);
offset += need;
}
}
pendingBytes -= size;
return out;
};
const consume = async (
plaintext: Uint8Array,
tag: number,
): Promise<void> => {
await sink(plaintext);
totalPlain += plaintext.length;
chunksPulled++;
lastTag = tag;
onProgress?.(totalPlain);
};
try {
for (;;) {
const { done, value } = await reader.read();
if (value && value.length > 0) {
pending.push(value);
pendingBytes += value.length;
}
while (pendingBytes >= ENC_CHUNK_SIZE) {
const encChunk = takeContiguous(ENC_CHUNK_SIZE);
// A whole chunk that fails to authenticate while the stream
// carries on is corruption, not truncation; that error
// propagates unchanged.
const { plaintext, tag } = pullStreamChunk(state, encChunk);
await consume(plaintext, tag);
}
if (done) {
if (pendingBytes > 0) {
const buffer = takeContiguous(pendingBytes);
// Whatever is left over once every whole chunk has been
// consumed must be the stream's final chunk, and a final
// chunk that actually arrived in full authenticates. If
// it does not, the body stopped part-way through a chunk
// — the ordinary shape of a dropped connection. Poly1305
// cannot tell a partial chunk from a corrupt one, so this
// is reported as the truncation it almost always is, with
// the authentication failure kept as the error's cause.
// Only the pull is guarded: a sink failure on a chunk
// that did authenticate is a disk error, not a
// truncation.
let pulled;
try {
pulled = pullStreamChunk(state, buffer);
} catch (err) {
throw new TruncatedStreamError(
`download: stream truncated: response body ended with ${buffer.length} trailing bytes that did not authenticate as a final chunk (transfer stopped mid-chunk, or the data is corrupt)`,
{ cause: err },
);
}
await consume(pulled.plaintext, pulled.tag);
}
break;
}
}
} finally {
reader.releaseLock();
}
// Only the last chunk of a secretstream carries TAG_FINAL. Everything a
// dropped connection did deliver still decrypts and authenticates, so the
// absence of TAG_FINAL is the only evidence that the body was cut short.
if (chunksPulled === 0) {
throw new TruncatedStreamError(
"download: stream truncated: response body contained no secretstream chunks",
);
}
const tagFinal = streamTagFinal();
if (lastTag !== tagFinal) {
throw new TruncatedStreamError(
`download: stream truncated: last chunk tag ${lastTag}, expected TAG_FINAL (${tagFinal})`,
);
}
return totalPlain;
};
// Fsync a file or a directory, so its contents (for a directory, its entries)
// are on stable storage. Exported for the backup tree's copy, which needs the
// same durability as the writer below.
export const fsyncPath = async (path: string): Promise<void> => {
const handle = await open(path, "r");
try {
await handle.sync();
} finally {
await handle.close();
}
};
// A process-ID check: signal 0 delivers nothing and only reports whether the
// process exists. EPERM means it exists but belongs to another user.
const isRunning = (pid: number): boolean => {
try {
process.kill(pid, 0);
return true;
} catch (err) {
return (err as NodeJS.ErrnoException).code === "EPERM";
}
};
// Delete the temp files a killed process left in `dir`: the writer's
// `.quak-<pid>-<random>.tmp` and the backup copy's
// `.quak-backup-<name>-<pid>-<random>.tmp`. Only files whose process is no
// longer running are removed, so another process writing into the same
// directory keeps its own. A reused process ID can only keep a leftover a while
// longer, never remove a live one.
export const removeLeftoverTempFiles = (dir: string): void => {
let names: string[];
try {
names = readdirSync(dir);
} catch {
return;
}
for (const name of names) {
const match = /^\.quak-(?:.*-)?(\d+)-[0-9a-z]*\.tmp$/.exec(name);
if (match && !isRunning(Number(match[1]))) {
rmSync(join(dir, name), { force: true });
}
}
};
// A new temp file name in `dir`. The random suffix keeps concurrent downloads
// of the same destination from stepping on each other's temporary file; the
// process ID lets `removeLeftoverTempFiles` tell a leftover from a write in
// progress.
const tempPathIn = (dir: string): string =>
join(dir, `.quak-${process.pid}-${randomBytes(16).toString("hex")}.tmp`);
// Stage a write to `destination` atomically and durably, then rename it into
// place. `fill` writes the contents into the open temp file handle — either the
// whole buffer at once (`writeAtomic`) or chunk by chunk as they decrypt
// (`decryptToTemp`). The temp file is a sibling of the destination (same
// directory, so the rename cannot cross a filesystem boundary), so callers
// never observe a partially written destination, and a pre-existing file is
// replaced only once the new contents are complete on disk.
//
// Durability against a power cut needs two fsyncs. Without them the write can
// return while the data or the rename is still only in the kernel's page
// cache, and a crash then resurrects an empty renamed file — exactly the
// corruption a later backup run treats as a complete download. So the temp
// file's contents are fsynced before the rename, and the containing directory
// is fsynced after it, so both the bytes and the new directory entry are on
// stable storage before this returns.
//
// On any failure — including a `fill` that throws because the stream was
// truncated — the temp file is removed, so the destination is untouched and no
// scratch file is left to fill the disk on repeated failures.
const stageAtomic = async (
destination: string,
fill: (handle: FileHandle) => Promise<void>,
): Promise<void> => {
const dir = dirname(destination);
const tmpPath = tempPathIn(dir);
try {
const handle = await open(tmpPath, "w");
try {
await fill(handle);
await handle.sync();
} finally {
await handle.close();
}
// `rename` replaces the destination's directory entry rather than
// writing through it: an existing symlink at `destination` is
// replaced, not followed, and the new file has the temp file's
// permissions, not those of the file it replaced.
await rename(tmpPath, destination);
// Fsync the directory so the rename itself survives a crash: renaming
// over a synced temp file still leaves the new directory entry in the
// page cache until the directory is synced.
await fsyncPath(dir);
} catch (err) {
// Best-effort cleanup. A failure to remove the temporary file must
// never replace the error that actually explains what went wrong.
await rm(tmpPath, { force: true }).catch(() => undefined);
throw err;
}
};
// Write `plaintext` to `destination` atomically and durably. Exported so the
// metadata store can reuse the same durable write for small whole-buffer
// payloads; originals go through `decryptToTemp` instead so they never buffer.
export const writeAtomic = async (
destination: string,
plaintext: Uint8Array,
): Promise<void> =>
stageAtomic(destination, (handle) => handle.writeFile(plaintext));
// Refuse an original whose bytes do not hash to what its uploader recorded.
// The error is not retried.
const checkHash = (file: EnteFile, actual: string): void => {
if (actual !== file.metadata.hash) {
throw new Error(
`download: file ${file.id}: content hash ${actual} does not match the hash its uploader recorded, ${file.metadata.hash}`,
);
}
};
// Decrypt `stream` straight to `destination`, one plaintext chunk at a time,
// under the atomic writer's temp-then-rename discipline. Memory stays bounded
// by the chunk size: each decrypted chunk is written to the temp file and
// dropped. The rename happens only after the stream authenticates as terminated
// on TAG_FINAL; a truncated stream throws and leaves the destination untouched.
// Returns the plaintext length written.
//
// `original` is the file whose original this is (none for a thumbnail, which
// has no recorded hash). When its metadata has a hash, the decrypted bytes are
// hashed as they stream and must match it, or nothing is stored.
const decryptToTemp = async (
destination: string,
stream: ReadableStream<Uint8Array>,
header: Uint8Array,
key: Uint8Array,
onProgress?: ProgressCallback,
original?: EnteFile,
): Promise<number> => {
const hash =
original?.metadata.hash === undefined ? undefined : chunkHashInit();
let bytesWritten = 0;
await stageAtomic(destination, async (handle) => {
bytesWritten = await streamDecrypt(
stream,
header,
key,
async (plaintext) => {
if (hash !== undefined) chunkHashUpdate(hash, plaintext);
await handle.write(plaintext);
},
onProgress,
);
if (original !== undefined && hash !== undefined) {
checkHash(original, chunkHashFinal(hash));
}
});
return bytesWritten;
};
// One of the two parts of a live photo being unpacked: the ZIP entry whose
// name starts with `kind`, written to its own temp file.
interface LivePhotoPart {
kind: "image" | "video";
tmpPath: string;
handle: FileHandle;
hash: ReturnType<typeof chunkHashInit>;
// Decompressed bytes not yet written.
pending: Uint8Array[];
// The entry's extension, set once all of the entry has been read.
ext?: string;
}
const openPart = async (
kind: "image" | "video",
dir: string,
): Promise<LivePhotoPart> => {
const tmpPath = tempPathIn(dir);
const handle = await open(tmpPath, "w");
return { kind, tmpPath, handle, hash: chunkHashInit(), pending: [] };
};
// A live photo arrives as a ZIP of its image and its video. Ente's clients
// name the entries `image.<ext>` and `video.<ext>`. This takes the entry whose
// name starts with `image` as the image and the one whose name starts with
// `video` as the video, and refuses a ZIP holding a second of either. It is
// written unpacked: each part is named `destination` with the extension
// replaced by its own entry's, and the two must differ ignoring case. When the
// file records a hash, `<imageHash>:<videoHash>` must match it, each over that
// part's own bytes. Only then is whatever was at `destination` removed and the
// image, then the video, renamed into place; on any failure neither is stored.
//
// The ZIP is chosen by its uploader and may expand enormously, so each part is
// written as it decompresses and never held, and the ZIP is refused once the
// two together come to more than 20 times its size plus 16 MiB, the limit
// Ente's mobile client and CLI set. The ZIP's size is known only at its end,
// so until then the limit is taken over the part of it decrypted so far.
// fflate's `Unzip` inflates each push in one piece before `push` returns, and
// deflate expands at most about 1000-fold, so the ZIP is pushed in 4 KiB
// slices, keeping each decompressed piece near 4 MiB, one plaintext chunk, and
// each piece is checked and written before the next slice is pushed. Every
// entry is started, even one that is not kept, because fflate keeps an
// unstarted entry's data in memory.
const decryptLivePhoto = async (
destination: string,
stream: ReadableStream<Uint8Array>,
header: Uint8Array,
key: Uint8Array,
onProgress: ProgressCallback | undefined,
file: EnteFile,
): Promise<DownloadResult> => {
const sliceSize = 4096;
const dir = dirname(destination);
const fail = (message: string, cause?: unknown): Error =>
new Error(`download: file ${file.id}: ${message}`, { cause });
const parts: LivePhotoPart[] = [];
try {
const image = await openPart("image", dir);
parts.push(image);
const video = await openPart("video", dir);
parts.push(video);
const claimed = new Set<LivePhotoPart>();
// Set to a part the ZIP holds a second entry for; the ZIP is then
// refused.
let repeated: LivePhotoPart | undefined;
const unzip = new Unzip((entry) => {
const part = parts.find((p) => entry.name.startsWith(p.kind));
if (part !== undefined) {
if (claimed.has(part)) repeated = part;
claimed.add(part);
}
entry.ondata = (err, data, final) => {
if (err) throw err;
if (part === undefined) return;
chunkHashUpdate(part.hash, data);
part.pending.push(data);
if (final) part.ext = safeExtension(entry.name);
};
entry.start();
});
unzip.register(UnzipInflate);
// The bytes of the ZIP pushed so far, and of the two parts they have
// decompressed to.
let zipBytes = 0;
let expanded = 0;
const push = async (
data: Uint8Array,
final: boolean,
): Promise<void> => {
zipBytes += data.length;
// fflate reports a bad ZIP by throwing, sometimes a TypeError,
// which the retry would take for a network failure. A bad ZIP is
// never retried, and nor are the refusals below.
try {
unzip.push(data, final);
} catch (err) {
throw fail("live photo is not a readable ZIP", err);
}
if (repeated !== undefined) {
throw fail(
`live photo ZIP holds more than one ${repeated.kind}`,
);
}
for (const part of parts) {
for (const piece of part.pending) expanded += piece.length;
}
if (expanded > 20 * zipBytes + 16 * 1024 * 1024) {
throw fail(
"live photo ZIP expands to more than 20 times its size plus 16 MiB",
);
}
for (const part of parts) {
for (const piece of part.pending)
await part.handle.write(piece);
part.pending = [];
}
};
const bytesWritten = await streamDecrypt(
stream,
header,
key,
async (plaintext) => {
for (let i = 0; i < plaintext.length; i += sliceSize) {
await push(plaintext.subarray(i, i + sliceSize), false);
}
},
onProgress,
);
await push(new Uint8Array(0), true);
if (image.ext === undefined || video.ext === undefined) {
throw fail(
"live photo ZIP does not hold both an image and a video",
);
}
if (file.metadata.hash !== undefined) {
checkHash(
file,
`${chunkHashFinal(image.hash)}:${chunkHashFinal(video.hash)}`,
);
}
if (image.ext.toLowerCase() === video.ext.toLowerCase()) {
throw fail(
`live photo's image and video have the same extension, ${video.ext}`,
);
}
const path = withExtension(destination, image.ext);
const videoPath = withExtension(destination, video.ext);
for (const part of parts) {
await part.handle.sync();
await part.handle.close();
}
await rm(destination, { force: true });
await rename(image.tmpPath, path);
try {
await rename(video.tmpPath, videoPath);
} catch (err) {
await rm(path, { force: true }).catch(() => undefined);
throw err;
}
await fsyncPath(dir);
return { path, bytesWritten, videoPath };
} catch (err) {
// Best-effort cleanup, as in `stageAtomic`.
for (const part of parts) {
await part.handle.close().catch(() => undefined);
await rm(part.tmpPath, { force: true }).catch(() => undefined);
}
throw err;
}
};
// Fetch a stream and decrypt it to `destination`, retrying the whole sequence.
//
// The request is only the first third of a download. `getXStream` returns as
// soon as headers arrive, and the bytes are pulled here, so a socket reset
// mid-body — the dominant failure mode for multi-megabyte photos over a CDN —
// throws in `streamDecrypt` and never reaches `ApiClient` at all. Retrying the
// request alone would miss it entirely.
//
// The client's own retry is therefore switched off for these two calls: with
// both layers active the budgets would multiply, and the library default of
// four attempts would mean sixteen requests for one file. The policy comes
// from the client so a caller that configured one gets it here too.
//
// Because the plaintext is streamed to disk rather than buffered, the atomic
// write is part of the retried unit. A retry starts the file over from byte
// zero — the secretstream pull state is not resumable and there is no Range
// support — staging into a fresh temp file each time: a failed attempt writes
// and then removes its own temp file, and only the attempt that reaches
// TAG_FINAL renames one into place, so a download that needed three tries still
// performs exactly one rename over the destination.
const fetchAndDecrypt = async (
api: ApiClient,
openStream: () => Promise<ReadableStream<Uint8Array>>,
header: Uint8Array,
key: Uint8Array,
destination: string,
onProgress?: ProgressCallback,
original?: EnteFile,
): Promise<DownloadResult> =>
withRetry(async () => {
const stream = await openStream();
try {
if (original?.metadata.fileType === "livePhoto") {
return await decryptLivePhoto(
destination,
stream,
header,
key,
onProgress,
original,
);
}
const bytesWritten = await decryptToTemp(
destination,
stream,
header,
key,
onProgress,
original,
);
return { path: destination, bytesWritten };
} catch (err) {
// Cancel the body so its connection is closed now rather than held
// until the stream is garbage collected. A backup run carries on
// past a failed file, so without this every failure would hold a
// socket. This covers every failure, including a temp file that
// cannot be opened and a header that is rejected before the body
// is read.
await stream.cancel(err).catch(() => undefined);
throw err;
}
}, api.getRetryOptions());
// Write `file`'s original to `outPath`. A live photo is written as its image
// and its video beside `outPath` instead, and whatever was at `outPath` is
// removed (see `decryptLivePhoto`).
export const downloadFile = async (
api: ApiClient,
file: EnteFile,
outPath?: string,
onProgress?: ProgressCallback,
): Promise<DownloadResult> => {
// `outPath` is the caller's and is used as is; the title is the server's
// and is sanitized so it can only name a file in the current directory.
const resolvedPath =
outPath ?? sanitizeFileName(file.metadata.title, `file-${file.id}`);
const header = fromBase64(file.file.decryptionHeader);
return fetchAndDecrypt(
api,
() => api.getFileStream(file.id, { retry: false }),
header,
file.key,
resolvedPath,
onProgress,
file,
);
};
export const downloadThumbnail = async (
api: ApiClient,
file: EnteFile,
outPath?: string,
onProgress?: ProgressCallback,
): Promise<DownloadResult> => {
const resolvedPath =
outPath ??
`thumb_${sanitizeFileName(file.metadata.title, `file-${file.id}`)}`;
const header = fromBase64(file.thumbnail.decryptionHeader);
return fetchAndDecrypt(
api,
() => api.getThumbnailStream(file.id, { retry: false }),
header,
file.key,
resolvedPath,
onProgress,
);
};