Compare commits
2 Commits
be59376522
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llm-prose-
| Author | SHA1 | Date | |
|---|---|---|---|
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cedf98b83e | ||
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368fc0edf0 |
@@ -6,4 +6,4 @@ jobs:
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|||||||
steps:
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steps:
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||||||
# actions/checkout v4.2.2, 2026-02-22
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# actions/checkout v4.2.2, 2026-02-22
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- uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683
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- uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683
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- run: script/cibuild
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- run: docker build .
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|||||||
@@ -1,9 +1,5 @@
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version: "2"
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version: "2"
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||||||
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# Config schema uses the golangci-lint v2 layout (settings live under
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||||||
# linters.settings, not top-level linters-settings) so that the
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|
||||||
# thresholds below are actually applied by golangci-lint >= v2.
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||||||
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run:
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run:
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timeout: 5m
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timeout: 5m
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modules-download-mode: readonly
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modules-download-mode: readonly
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||||||
@@ -18,7 +14,8 @@ linters:
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|||||||
- wsl # Deprecated, replaced by wsl_v5
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- wsl # Deprecated, replaced by wsl_v5
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||||||
- wrapcheck # Too verbose for internal packages
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- wrapcheck # Too verbose for internal packages
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- varnamelen # Short names like db, id are idiomatic Go
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- varnamelen # Short names like db, id are idiomatic Go
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settings:
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linters-settings:
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lll:
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lll:
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line-length: 88
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line-length: 88
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funlen:
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funlen:
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@@ -30,5 +27,6 @@ linters:
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threshold: 100
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threshold: 100
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||||||
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issues:
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issues:
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||||||
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exclude-use-default: false
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max-issues-per-linter: 0
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max-issues-per-linter: 0
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||||||
max-same-issues: 0
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max-same-issues: 0
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||||||
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25
Dockerfile
25
Dockerfile
@@ -1,28 +1,11 @@
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# node 22-alpine, 2026-02-22
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# node 22-alpine, 2026-02-22
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FROM node@sha256:e4bf2a82ad0a4037d28035ae71529873c069b13eb0455466ae0bc13363826e34
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FROM node@sha256:e4bf2a82ad0a4037d28035ae71529873c069b13eb0455466ae0bc13363826e34
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RUN apk add --no-cache make
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WORKDIR /app
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WORKDIR /app
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# script/bootstrap installs all prerequisites (make via apk here; node
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# and yarn are already in the base image, so those steps are skipped).
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||||||
# Dependency manifests are copied first so the bootstrap layer is
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# cached until they change.
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COPY script/ script/
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COPY package.json yarn.lock ./
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COPY package.json yarn.lock ./
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RUN script/bootstrap
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RUN yarn install --frozen-lockfile
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COPY . .
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COPY . .
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# CHECK_EPOCH is a per-invocation nonce supplied by script/cibuild and
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RUN make check
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# script/docker. Without it an unchanged tree serves this layer from
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# cache and the build reports a green it never ran. ARG is stage-scoped,
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# so it must be redeclared in every stage that runs checks. The guard
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# makes a bare `docker build .` fail loudly instead of silently reusing
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# the empty (and therefore stable) cache key. Expand the value into the
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# command so the cache miss does not depend on BuildKit's handling of an
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# unreferenced ARG. Both the guard and the check RUN reference the value,
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# so both are value-keyed: there are two independent invalidation points
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# here, not one. Keep both.
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ARG CHECK_EPOCH
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RUN [ -n "$CHECK_EPOCH" ] || exit 1
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RUN echo "check epoch: ${CHECK_EPOCH}" && make check
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35
Makefile
35
Makefile
@@ -1,32 +1,31 @@
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.PHONY: bootstrap setup test lint fmt fmt-check check docker hooks
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.PHONY: test lint fmt fmt-check check docker hooks
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||||||
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# Makefile targets are thin shims; the implementations live in script/
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# flags are repeated here (also in .prettierrc) so this Makefile works
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# per the scripts-to-rule-them-all pattern (see the Entrypoints section
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# standalone when copied as a template
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# of README.md).
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PRETTIER := yarn run prettier
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bootstrap:
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@script/bootstrap
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||||||
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setup:
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@script/setup
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test:
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test:
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||||||
@script/test
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@echo "No tests defined."
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||||||
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||||||
lint:
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lint:
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||||||
@script/lint
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@echo "Linting markdown files..."
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||||||
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@$(PRETTIER) --check '**/*.md' --tab-width 4 --prose-wrap always
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fmt:
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fmt:
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@script/fmt
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@$(PRETTIER) --write '**/*.md' --tab-width 4 --prose-wrap always
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||||||
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||||||
fmt-check:
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fmt-check:
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@script/fmt-check
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@$(PRETTIER) --check '**/*.md' --tab-width 4 --prose-wrap always
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||||||
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||||||
check:
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check: test lint fmt-check
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||||||
@script/check
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docker:
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docker:
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@script/docker
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docker build -t prompts .
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||||||
hooks:
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hooks:
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||||||
@script/install-precommit
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@printf '#!/bin/sh\nset -e\n' > .git/hooks/pre-commit
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||||||
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@if [ -f go.mod ]; then \
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printf 'go mod tidy\ngo fmt ./...\ngit diff --exit-code -- go.mod go.sum || { echo "go mod tidy changed files; please stage and retry"; exit 1; }\n' >> .git/hooks/pre-commit; \
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fi
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||||||
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@printf 'make check\n' >> .git/hooks/pre-commit
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||||||
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@chmod +x .git/hooks/pre-commit
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||||||
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35
README.md
35
README.md
@@ -102,41 +102,6 @@ cd prompts
|
|||||||
Prompts are stored as Markdown files in `prompts/`. Copy or reference them as
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Prompts are stored as Markdown files in `prompts/`. Copy or reference them as
|
||||||
needed in your projects.
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needed in your projects.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Entrypoints
|
|
||||||
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|
||||||
This repository adheres to the
|
|
||||||
[Scripts to Rule Them All](https://github.com/github/scripts-to-rule-them-all)
|
|
||||||
standard: normalized scripts in `script/` are the entrypoints for the
|
|
||||||
development workflow, and the Makefile targets are thin shims that call them.
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|
||||||
The scripts are POSIX sh (not bash) so they run in minimal containers such as
|
|
||||||
alpine. We provide:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- `script/bootstrap` — install all dependencies (yarn install)
|
|
||||||
- `script/setup` — set up the repo for development after a fresh clone: runs
|
|
||||||
`script/bootstrap`, then `script/install-precommit`
|
|
||||||
- `script/projectname` — output the project name (our own extension); used by
|
|
||||||
`script/docker` for the image tag
|
|
||||||
- `script/test` — run the test suite (no tests defined here)
|
|
||||||
- `script/lint` — lint the markdown files with prettier
|
|
||||||
- `script/fmt` — format all markdown files with prettier (writes)
|
|
||||||
- `script/fmt-check` — check formatting (read-only)
|
|
||||||
- `script/check` — run all checks: `test`, `lint`, `fmt-check` (our own
|
|
||||||
extension)
|
|
||||||
- `script/docker` — build the Docker image, tagged via `script/projectname`
|
|
||||||
(byte-identical across repos); passes the same `CHECK_EPOCH` nonce as
|
|
||||||
`script/cibuild`
|
|
||||||
- `script/cibuild` — cd to the repo root, assign `epoch="$(date +%s%N)$$"`, then
|
|
||||||
`docker build --build-arg CHECK_EPOCH="$epoch" .` (what CI runs; the image
|
|
||||||
build runs `script/check`, and the per-invocation `CHECK_EPOCH` nonce is what
|
|
||||||
stops Docker serving that check from cache on an unchanged tree — a bare
|
|
||||||
`docker build .` fails closed on purpose)
|
|
||||||
- `script/precommit` — run by the git pre-commit hook (our own extension); calls
|
|
||||||
`script/check`
|
|
||||||
- `script/install-precommit` — installs the git pre-commit hook (our own
|
|
||||||
extension); `make hooks` shims to it
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
`make hooks` installs the pre-commit hook that runs `script/precommit`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Rationale
|
## Rationale
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
LLM prompts, especially development policies, benefit from version control and a
|
LLM prompts, especially development policies, benefit from version control and a
|
||||||
|
|||||||
67
TODO.md
67
TODO.md
@@ -1,67 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
# Workflow
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- branch (from `main`)
|
|
||||||
- do the work in Next Step
|
|
||||||
- move Next Step to the top of Completed Steps
|
|
||||||
- move the top item of Future Steps into Next Step
|
|
||||||
- commit (`TODO.md` changes in the same commit as the work)
|
|
||||||
- merge to `main` if the branch is not protected, otherwise open a PR
|
|
||||||
- push
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Status
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
pre-1.0
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Next Step
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Finish the two draft prompt documents in the working tree and commit them:
|
|
||||||
prompts/FIXUP_CLEAN.md (currently a near-empty stub) and prompts/FIXUP_REPORT.md
|
|
||||||
(a rough draft). Write the missing content, run `make fmt` so they pass
|
|
||||||
fmt-check, and commit.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Completed Steps
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- 2026-08-09: Made the pinned golangci-lint actually propagate: REPO_POLICIES.md
|
|
||||||
now carries the canonical `script/bootstrap` snippet for Go repos, which
|
|
||||||
installs when the installed version does not match the pin (the old
|
|
||||||
`if missing` guard tested PATH presence only, so pins were inert on any
|
|
||||||
provisioned machine and CI silently disagreed with local) and then re-resolves
|
|
||||||
the binary through `PATH` and fails loudly, naming the shadowing path, when
|
|
||||||
the install did not take effect — the failure mode the naive
|
|
||||||
compare-then-install fix leaves behind while reporting success.
|
|
||||||
- 2026-08-09: Fixed the false green in the canonical CI gate: `script/cibuild`
|
|
||||||
and `script/docker` now pass a per-invocation `CHECK_EPOCH` nonce, and the
|
|
||||||
`Dockerfile` (plus the Go multistage template in REPO_POLICIES.md, in both its
|
|
||||||
lint and builder stages) declares `ARG CHECK_EPOCH` with a guard that makes a
|
|
||||||
bare `docker build .` fail closed. Corrected the org-canonical text that
|
|
||||||
asserted a successful build implies all checks pass, across every document
|
|
||||||
carrying it: `REPO_POLICIES.md`, both repo checklists (which still told agents
|
|
||||||
to write the pre-fix `script/cibuild` and ended on an acceptance item the
|
|
||||||
guard makes unsatisfiable), and the Go styleguide.
|
|
||||||
- 2026-08-07: Set the canonical `.golangci.yml` to the org-standard v2-schema
|
|
||||||
config already deployed byte-identical across the org's Go repos (settings
|
|
||||||
under `linters.settings` so thresholds like lll/funlen/cyclop/dupl actually
|
|
||||||
apply under golangci-lint v2). Recorded the canonical golangci-lint version
|
|
||||||
(v2.12.2, commit-pinned) in REPO_POLICIES.md.
|
|
||||||
- 2026-03-20: Strengthened constructor naming and Params struct rules in the Go
|
|
||||||
styleguide.
|
|
||||||
- 2026-03-18: Documented fail-fast Dockerfile lint stage and conditional -v test
|
|
||||||
rerun patterns in REPO_POLICIES.md.
|
|
||||||
- 2026-03-11: Added HTTP service hardening policy for 1.0 releases.
|
|
||||||
- 2026-03-10: Added policy: no build artifacts in repos.
|
|
||||||
- 2026-03-04: Added LLM prose tells reference and copyediting checklist, then
|
|
||||||
several self-applied revision passes.
|
|
||||||
- 2026-02-28: Expanded the pre-1.0 schema migration rule; added clawpub
|
|
||||||
reference.
|
|
||||||
- 2026-02-23: Added Go style rules (no type-only packages, Stringer for
|
|
||||||
string-based types); template repos section in README.
|
|
||||||
- 2026-02-22: Initial policy corpus: REPO_POLICIES.md, code styleguides
|
|
||||||
(general, Go, JS, Python), repo checklists, CI policy, hash pinning, Go HTTP
|
|
||||||
server conventions, repo scaffolding.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Future Steps
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Finish, format, and commit FIXUP_CLEAN.md and FIXUP_REPORT.md (the Next Step).
|
|
||||||
- Commit this TODO.md at the repo root; it is the last missing policy file.
|
|
||||||
- Decide the fate of untracked resume.sh: commit it or delete it.
|
|
||||||
- Add more prompt templates for common development tasks (from README TODO).
|
|
||||||
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
|
|||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
title: Code Styleguide — Go
|
title: Code Styleguide — Go
|
||||||
last_modified: 2026-08-09
|
last_modified: 2026-02-22
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
1. Try to hard wrap long lines at 77 characters or less.
|
1. Try to hard wrap long lines at 77 characters or less.
|
||||||
@@ -101,16 +101,9 @@ last_modified: 2026-08-09
|
|||||||
`golangci-lint`.
|
`golangci-lint`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
1. Write a `Dockerfile` for every repo, even if it only runs the tests and
|
1. Write a `Dockerfile` for every repo, even if it only runs the tests and
|
||||||
linting. `script/cibuild` and `script/docker` should always make sure that
|
linting. `docker build .` should always make sure that the code is in an
|
||||||
the code is in an able-to-be-compiled state, linted, and any tests run, and
|
able-to-be-compiled state, linted, and any tests run. The Docker build
|
||||||
the build should fail if linting doesn't pass. That guarantee holds only
|
should fail if linting doesn't pass.
|
||||||
because those scripts pass a per-invocation `CHECK_EPOCH` build arg that
|
|
||||||
busts the check layers out of the Docker cache; without it an unchanged tree
|
|
||||||
serves those layers from cache and the build reports a green it never ran. A
|
|
||||||
bare `docker build .` fails closed by design, on the `[ -n "$CHECK_EPOCH" ]`
|
|
||||||
guard — always go through `script/cibuild` or `script/docker`. See
|
|
||||||
[Repository Policies](https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/prompts/raw/branch/main/prompts/REPO_POLICIES.md)
|
|
||||||
for the canonical form.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
1. Every repo must have a `Makefile`. See
|
1. Every repo must have a `Makefile`. See
|
||||||
[Repository Policies](https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/prompts/raw/branch/main/prompts/REPO_POLICIES.md)
|
[Repository Policies](https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/prompts/raw/branch/main/prompts/REPO_POLICIES.md)
|
||||||
@@ -143,15 +136,8 @@ last_modified: 2026-08-09
|
|||||||
1. Provide a .gitignore file that ignores at least `*.log`, `*.out`, and
|
1. Provide a .gitignore file that ignores at least `*.log`, `*.out`, and
|
||||||
`*.test` files, as well as any binaries.
|
`*.test` files, as well as any binaries.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
1. Constructors **must** be called `New()`. `modulename.New()` works great if
|
1. Constructors should be called `New()` whenever possible. `modulename.New()`
|
||||||
you name the packages properly. If the constructor creates an instance from
|
works great if you name the packages properly.
|
||||||
an existing value or representation, `From<Something>()` (e.g.
|
|
||||||
`FromBytes()`, `FromConfig()`) is also acceptable. If the package contains
|
|
||||||
multiple types and `New()` is ambiguous, `NewThing()` is occasionally
|
|
||||||
acceptable — but prefer restructuring packages so each type gets its own
|
|
||||||
package and a plain `New()`. Do not invent creative constructor names like
|
|
||||||
`Create()`, `Make()`, `Build()`, `Open()` (unless wrapping an OS resource),
|
|
||||||
or `Init()`. If you see a constructor with a non-standard name, rename it.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
1. Don't make packages too big. Break them up.
|
1. Don't make packages too big. Break them up.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@@ -163,15 +149,9 @@ last_modified: 2026-08-09
|
|||||||
1. Use descriptive names for modules and filenames. Avoid generic names like
|
1. Use descriptive names for modules and filenames. Avoid generic names like
|
||||||
`server`. `util` is banned.
|
`server`. `util` is banned.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
1. Constructors **must** take a `Params` struct (or `ThingParams` when
|
1. Constructors should take a Params struct if they need more than 1-2
|
||||||
`NewThing()` is used), even for a single argument. Named fields in a Params
|
arguments. Positional arguments are an endless source of bugs and should be
|
||||||
struct are always clearer than positional arguments. Positional arguments
|
avoided whenever possible.
|
||||||
for constructors are an endless source of bugs — they make call sites
|
|
||||||
unreadable, invite wrong-order errors that the compiler can't catch when
|
|
||||||
types coincide, and force every caller to update when a new field is added.
|
|
||||||
The only exception is when the single argument is stupidly obvious from
|
|
||||||
context — e.g. `featureflag.New(true)` or `thing.NewFromReader(r)`. When in
|
|
||||||
doubt, use a Params struct.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
1. Use `context.Context` for all functions that need it. If you don't need it,
|
1. Use `context.Context` for all functions that need it. If you don't need it,
|
||||||
you can pass `context.Background()`. Anything long-running should get and
|
you can pass `context.Background()`. Anything long-running should get and
|
||||||
|
|||||||
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
|
|||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
title: Existing Repo Checklist
|
title: Existing Repo Checklist
|
||||||
last_modified: 2026-08-09
|
last_modified: 2026-02-22
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Use this checklist when beginning work in a repo that may not yet conform to our
|
Use this checklist when beginning work in a repo that may not yet conform to our
|
||||||
@@ -29,15 +29,10 @@ with your task.
|
|||||||
if missing
|
if missing
|
||||||
- [ ] `.editorconfig` exists — fetch from
|
- [ ] `.editorconfig` exists — fetch from
|
||||||
`https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/prompts/raw/branch/main/.editorconfig`
|
`https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/prompts/raw/branch/main/.editorconfig`
|
||||||
- [ ] `Dockerfile` and `.dockerignore` exist (fetch `.dockerignore` from
|
- [ ] `Dockerfile` and `.dockerignore` exist; Dockerfile runs `make check` as a
|
||||||
`https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/prompts/raw/branch/main/.dockerignore`);
|
build step — fetch `.dockerignore` from
|
||||||
Dockerfile runs `make check` as a build step, and every stage containing a
|
`https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/prompts/raw/branch/main/.dockerignore`
|
||||||
check-running `RUN` declares `ARG CHECK_EPOCH` with the
|
- [ ] Gitea Actions workflow in `.gitea/workflows/` runs `docker build .` on
|
||||||
`RUN [ -n "$CHECK_EPOCH" ] || exit 1` guard immediately below it — see the
|
|
||||||
`CHECK_EPOCH` rule in `REPO_POLICIES.md`. Without them the check layer is
|
|
||||||
served from cache on an unchanged tree and the build reports a green it
|
|
||||||
never ran.
|
|
||||||
- [ ] Gitea Actions workflow in `.gitea/workflows/` runs `script/cibuild` on
|
|
||||||
push — reference
|
push — reference
|
||||||
`https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/prompts/raw/branch/main/.gitea/workflows/check.yml`
|
`https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/prompts/raw/branch/main/.gitea/workflows/check.yml`
|
||||||
- [ ] Language-specific config:
|
- [ ] Language-specific config:
|
||||||
@@ -50,19 +45,12 @@ with your task.
|
|||||||
- [ ] Python: `pyproject.toml`
|
- [ ] Python: `pyproject.toml`
|
||||||
- [ ] Docs/writing: `.prettierrc`, `.prettierignore` (same URLs as above)
|
- [ ] Docs/writing: `.prettierrc`, `.prettierignore` (same URLs as above)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Makefile and script/ Entrypoints
|
# Makefile
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- [ ] `Makefile` exists in root — reference
|
- [ ] `Makefile` exists in root — reference
|
||||||
`https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/prompts/raw/branch/main/Makefile`
|
`https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/prompts/raw/branch/main/Makefile`
|
||||||
- [ ] Has targets: `test`, `lint`, `fmt`, `fmt-check`, `check`, `docker`,
|
- [ ] Has targets: `test`, `lint`, `fmt`, `fmt-check`, `check`, `docker`,
|
||||||
`hooks`
|
`hooks`
|
||||||
- [ ] Target implementations live in `script/` (scripts-to-rule-them-all);
|
|
||||||
Makefile targets are thin shims calling them — model scripts at
|
|
||||||
`https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/prompts/raw/branch/main/script/<name>`
|
|
||||||
- [ ] `script/precommit` exists and the pre-commit hook (installed by
|
|
||||||
`script/install-precommit`, shimmed by `make hooks`) runs it
|
|
||||||
- [ ] README has an **Entrypoints** section documenting the `script/`
|
|
||||||
entrypoints and linking the standard
|
|
||||||
- [ ] `make check` does not modify any files in the repo
|
- [ ] `make check` does not modify any files in the repo
|
||||||
- [ ] `make test` has a 30-second timeout
|
- [ ] `make test` has a 30-second timeout
|
||||||
- [ ] `make test` runs real tests, not a no-op (at minimum, import/compile
|
- [ ] `make test` runs real tests, not a no-op (at minimum, import/compile
|
||||||
@@ -90,25 +78,8 @@ with your task.
|
|||||||
`internal/`, `static/`, etc.)
|
`internal/`, `static/`, etc.)
|
||||||
- [ ] Go migrations in `internal/db/migrations/` and embedded in binary
|
- [ ] Go migrations in `internal/db/migrations/` and embedded in binary
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# HTTP Service Hardening (if targeting 1.0 and the repo is an HTTP/web service)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- [ ] Security headers set on all responses (HSTS, CSP, X-Frame-Options,
|
|
||||||
X-Content-Type-Options, Referrer-Policy, Permissions-Policy)
|
|
||||||
- [ ] Request body size limits enforced on all endpoints
|
|
||||||
- [ ] Read/write/idle timeouts configured on the HTTP server (slowloris defense)
|
|
||||||
- [ ] Per-handler execution time limits in place
|
|
||||||
- [ ] Password-based auth endpoints are rate-limited
|
|
||||||
- [ ] CSRF tokens on all state-mutating HTML forms
|
|
||||||
- [ ] Passwords hashed with bcrypt, scrypt, or argon2
|
|
||||||
- [ ] Session cookies use HttpOnly, Secure, and SameSite attributes
|
|
||||||
- [ ] True client IP correctly detected behind reverse proxy (trusted proxy
|
|
||||||
allowlist configured)
|
|
||||||
- [ ] CORS restricted to explicit origin allowlist for authenticated endpoints
|
|
||||||
- [ ] Error responses do not leak stack traces, SQL queries, or internal paths
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Final
|
# Final
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- [ ] `make check` passes
|
- [ ] `make check` passes
|
||||||
- [ ] `script/cibuild` succeeds (a bare `docker build .` fails closed by design,
|
- [ ] `docker build` succeeds
|
||||||
on the `CHECK_EPOCH` guard)
|
|
||||||
- [ ] Commit and merge fixes before starting your actual task
|
- [ ] Commit and merge fixes before starting your actual task
|
||||||
|
|||||||
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
|
|||||||
# LLM Prose Tells
|
# LLM Prose Tells
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
A catalog of patterns found in LLM-generated prose.
|
Every pattern in this document shows up in human writing occasionally. They
|
||||||
|
become diagnostic only through density. A person might use one or two across an
|
||||||
|
entire essay, but LLM output packs fifteen into a single paragraph.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@@ -13,11 +15,19 @@ A negation followed by an em-dash and a reframe.
|
|||||||
> "It's not just a tool—it's a paradigm shift." "This isn't about
|
> "It's not just a tool—it's a paradigm shift." "This isn't about
|
||||||
> technology—it's about trust."
|
> technology—it's about trust."
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The single most recognizable LLM construction. Models produce this at roughly 10
|
||||||
|
to 50x the rate of human writers. Four of them in one essay and you know what
|
||||||
|
you're reading.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Em-Dash Overuse Generally
|
### Em-Dash Overuse Generally
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Even outside the "not X but Y" pivot, models substitute em-dashes for commas,
|
Even outside the "not X but Y" pivot, models use em-dashes at far higher rates
|
||||||
semicolons, parentheses, colons, and periods. The em-dash can replace any other
|
than human writers. They substitute em-dashes for commas, semicolons,
|
||||||
punctuation mark, so models default to it.
|
parentheses, colons, and periods, often multiple times per paragraph. A human
|
||||||
|
writer might use one or two in an entire piece for a specific parenthetical
|
||||||
|
effect. Models scatter them everywhere because the em-dash can stand in for any
|
||||||
|
other punctuation mark, so they default to it. More than two or three per page
|
||||||
|
is a meaningful signal on its own.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### The Colon Elaboration
|
### The Colon Elaboration
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@@ -25,25 +35,33 @@ A short declarative clause, then a colon, then a longer explanation.
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
> "The answer is simple: we need to rethink our approach from the ground up."
|
> "The answer is simple: we need to rethink our approach from the ground up."
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Models reach for this in every other paragraph. The construction is perfectly
|
||||||
|
normal. The frequency gives it away.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### The Triple Construction
|
### The Triple Construction
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
> "It's fast, it's scalable, and it's open source."
|
> "It's fast, it's scalable, and it's open source."
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Three parallel items in a list, usually escalating. Always exactly three (rarely
|
Three parallel items in a list, usually escalating. Always exactly three (rarely
|
||||||
two, never four) with strict grammatical parallelism.
|
two, never four) with strict grammatical parallelism that human writers rarely
|
||||||
|
bother maintaining.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### The Staccato Burst
|
### The Staccato Burst
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
> "This matters. It always has. And it always will." "The data is clear. The
|
> "This matters. It always has. And it always will." "The data is clear. The
|
||||||
> trend is undeniable. The conclusion is obvious."
|
> trend is undeniable. The conclusion is obvious."
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Runs of very short sentences at the same cadence and matching length.
|
Runs of very short sentences at the same cadence. Human writers use a short
|
||||||
|
sentence for emphasis occasionally, but stacking three or four of them in a row
|
||||||
|
at matching length creates a mechanical regularity that reads as generated.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### The Two-Clause Compound Sentence
|
### The Two-Clause Compound Sentence
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
An independent clause, a comma, a conjunction ("and," "but," "which,"
|
Possibly the most pervasive structural tell, and easy to miss because each
|
||||||
"because"), and a second independent clause of similar length. Every sentence
|
individual instance looks like normal English. The model produces sentence after
|
||||||
becomes two balanced halves.
|
sentence where an independent clause is followed by a comma, a conjunction
|
||||||
|
("and," "but," "which," "because"), and a second independent clause of similar
|
||||||
|
length. Every sentence becomes two balanced halves joined in the middle.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
> "The construction itself is perfectly normal, which is why the frequency is
|
> "The construction itself is perfectly normal, which is why the frequency is
|
||||||
> what gives it away." "They contain zero information, and the actual point
|
> what gives it away." "They contain zero information, and the actual point
|
||||||
@@ -53,62 +71,76 @@ becomes two balanced halves.
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
Human prose has sentences with one clause, sentences with three, sentences that
|
Human prose has sentences with one clause, sentences with three, sentences that
|
||||||
start with a subordinate clause before reaching the main one, sentences that
|
start with a subordinate clause before reaching the main one, sentences that
|
||||||
embed their complexity in the middle.
|
embed their complexity in the middle. When every sentence on the page has that
|
||||||
|
same two-part structure, the rhythm becomes monotonous in a way that's hard to
|
||||||
|
pinpoint but easy to feel.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Uniform Sentences Per Paragraph
|
### Uniform Sentences Per Paragraph
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Model-generated paragraphs contain between three and five sentences, a count
|
Model-generated paragraphs contain between three and five sentences. This count
|
||||||
that holds steady across a piece. If the first paragraph has four sentences,
|
holds steady across an entire piece. If the first paragraph has four sentences,
|
||||||
every subsequent paragraph will too.
|
every subsequent paragraph will too. Human writers are much more varied (a
|
||||||
|
single sentence followed by one that runs eight or nine) because they follow the
|
||||||
|
shape of an idea, not a template.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### The Dramatic Fragment
|
### The Dramatic Fragment
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Sentence fragments used as standalone paragraphs for emphasis.
|
Sentence fragments used as standalone paragraphs for emphasis, like "Full stop."
|
||||||
|
or "Let that sink in." on their own line. Using one in an entire essay is a
|
||||||
> "Full stop." "Let that sink in."
|
reasonable stylistic choice, but models drop them in once per section or more,
|
||||||
|
at which point it becomes a habit rather than a deliberate decision.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### The Pivot Paragraph
|
### The Pivot Paragraph
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
> "But here's where it gets interesting." "Which raises an uncomfortable truth."
|
> "But here's where it gets interesting." "Which raises an uncomfortable truth."
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
One-sentence paragraphs that exist only to transition between ideas, containing
|
One-sentence paragraphs that exist only to transition between ideas. They
|
||||||
zero information. The actual point is always in the next paragraph.
|
contain zero information. The actual point is always in the next paragraph.
|
||||||
|
Delete every one of these and the piece reads better.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### The Parenthetical Qualifier
|
### The Parenthetical Qualifier
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
> "This is, of course, a simplification." "There are, to be fair, exceptions."
|
> "This is, of course, a simplification." "There are, to be fair, exceptions."
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Parenthetical asides inserted to perform nuance without changing the argument.
|
Parenthetical asides inserted to look thoughtful. The qualifier never changes
|
||||||
|
the argument that follows it. Its purpose is to perform nuance, not to express a
|
||||||
|
real reservation about what's being said.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### The Unnecessary Contrast
|
### The Unnecessary Contrast
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
A contrasting clause appended to a statement that doesn't need one, using
|
Models append a contrasting clause to statements that don't need one, tacking on
|
||||||
"whereas," "as opposed to," "unlike," or "except that."
|
"whereas," "as opposed to," "unlike," or "except that" to draw a comparison the
|
||||||
|
reader could already infer.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
> "Models write one register above where a human would, whereas human writers
|
> "Models write one register above where a human would, whereas human writers
|
||||||
> tend to match register to context."
|
> tend to match register to context."
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The contrasting clause restates what the first clause already said. If you
|
The first clause already makes the point. The contrasting clause restates it
|
||||||
delete the "whereas" clause and the sentence still says everything it needs to,
|
from the other direction. If you delete the "whereas" clause and the sentence
|
||||||
the contrast was filler.
|
still says everything it needs to, the contrast was filler.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Unnecessary Elaboration
|
### Unnecessary Elaboration
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Models keep going after the sentence has already made its point.
|
Models keep going after the sentence has already made its point, tacking on
|
||||||
|
clarifying phrases, adverbial modifiers, or restatements that add nothing.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
> "A person might lean on one or two of these habits across an entire essay, but
|
> "A person might lean on one or two of these habits across an entire essay, but
|
||||||
> LLM output will use fifteen of them per paragraph, consistently, throughout
|
> LLM output will use fifteen of them per paragraph, consistently, throughout
|
||||||
> the entire piece."
|
> the entire piece."
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This sentence could end at "paragraph." The words after it repeat what "per
|
This sentence could end at "paragraph." The words after it just repeat what "per
|
||||||
paragraph" already means. If you can cut the last third of a sentence without
|
paragraph" already means. Models do this because they're optimizing for clarity
|
||||||
losing meaning, the last third shouldn't be there.
|
at the expense of concision, and because their training rewards thoroughness.
|
||||||
|
The result is prose that feels padded. If you can cut the last third of a
|
||||||
|
sentence without losing any meaning, the last third shouldn't be there.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### The Question-Then-Answer
|
### The Question-Then-Answer
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
> "So what does this mean for the average user? It means everything."
|
> "So what does this mean for the average user? It means everything."
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
A rhetorical question immediately followed by its own answer.
|
A rhetorical question immediately followed by its own answer. Models do this two
|
||||||
|
or three times per piece because it fakes forward momentum. A human writer might
|
||||||
|
do it once.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@@ -116,38 +148,44 @@ A rhetorical question immediately followed by its own answer.
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
### Overused Intensifiers
|
### Overused Intensifiers
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
"Crucial," "vital," "robust," "comprehensive," "fundamental," "arguably,"
|
The following words appear at dramatically elevated rates in model output:
|
||||||
|
"crucial," "vital," "robust," "comprehensive," "fundamental," "arguably,"
|
||||||
"straightforward," "noteworthy," "realm," "landscape," "leverage" (as a verb),
|
"straightforward," "noteworthy," "realm," "landscape," "leverage" (as a verb),
|
||||||
"delve," "tapestry," "multifaceted," "nuanced" (applied to the model's own
|
"delve," "tapestry," "multifaceted," "nuanced" (which models apply to their own
|
||||||
analysis), "pivotal," "unprecedented" (applied to things with plenty of
|
analysis with startling regularity), "pivotal," "unprecedented" (frequently
|
||||||
precedent), "navigate," "foster," "underscores," "resonates," "embark,"
|
applied to things with plenty of precedent), "navigate," "foster,"
|
||||||
"streamline," "spearhead."
|
"underscores," "resonates," "embark," "streamline," and "spearhead." Three or
|
||||||
|
more on the same page is a strong signal.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Elevated Register Drift
|
### Elevated Register Drift
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Models write one register above where a human would, replacing "use" with
|
Models write one register above where a human would. "Use" becomes "utilize."
|
||||||
"utilize," "start" with "commence," "help" with "facilitate," "show" with
|
"Start" becomes "commence." "Help" becomes "facilitate." "Show" becomes
|
||||||
"demonstrate," "try" with "endeavor," "change" with "transform," and "make" with
|
"demonstrate." "Try" becomes "endeavor." "Change" becomes "transform." "Make"
|
||||||
"craft."
|
becomes "craft." The tendency holds regardless of topic or audience.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Filler Adverbs
|
### Filler Adverbs
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
"Importantly," "essentially," "fundamentally," "ultimately," "inherently,"
|
"Importantly," "essentially," "fundamentally," "ultimately," "inherently,"
|
||||||
"particularly," "increasingly." Dropped in to signal that something matters when
|
"particularly," "increasingly." Dropped in to signal that something matters,
|
||||||
the writing itself should make the importance clear.
|
which is unnecessary when the writing itself already makes the importance clear.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### The "Almost" Hedge
|
### The "Almost" Hedge
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Instead of saying a pattern "always" or "never" does something, models write
|
Models rarely commit to an unqualified statement. Instead of saying a pattern
|
||||||
"almost always," "almost never," "almost certainly," "almost exclusively." A
|
"always" or "never" does something, they write "almost always," "almost never,"
|
||||||
micro-hedge, less obvious than the full hedge stack.
|
"almost certainly," "almost exclusively." The word "almost" shows up at
|
||||||
|
extraordinary density in model-generated analytical prose. It's a micro-hedge,
|
||||||
|
less obvious than the full hedge stack but just as diagnostic when it appears
|
||||||
|
ten or fifteen times in a single document.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### "In an era of..."
|
### "In an era of..."
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
> "In an era of rapid technological change..."
|
> "In an era of rapid technological change..."
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Used to open an essay. The model is stalling while it figures out what the
|
A model habit as an essay opener. The model uses it to stall while it figures
|
||||||
actual argument is.
|
out what the actual argument is. Human writers don't begin a piece by zooming
|
||||||
|
out to the civilizational scale before they've said anything specific.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@@ -158,20 +196,24 @@ actual argument is.
|
|||||||
> "While X has its drawbacks, it also offers significant benefits."
|
> "While X has its drawbacks, it also offers significant benefits."
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Every argument followed by a concession, every criticism softened. A direct
|
Every argument followed by a concession, every criticism softened. A direct
|
||||||
artifact of RLHF training, which penalizes strong stances.
|
artifact of RLHF training, which penalizes strong stances. Models reflexively
|
||||||
|
both-sides everything even when a clear position would serve the reader better.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### The Throat-Clearing Opener
|
### The Throat-Clearing Opener
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
> "In today's rapidly evolving digital landscape, the question of data privacy
|
> "In today's rapidly evolving digital landscape, the question of data privacy
|
||||||
> has never been more important."
|
> has never been more important."
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The first paragraph adds no information. Delete it and the piece improves.
|
The first paragraph of most model-generated essays adds no information. Delete
|
||||||
|
it and the piece improves immediately. The actual argument starts in paragraph
|
||||||
|
two.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### The False Conclusion
|
### The False Conclusion
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
> "At the end of the day, what matters most is..." "Moving forward, we must..."
|
> "At the end of the day, what matters most is..." "Moving forward, we must..."
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The high school "In conclusion,..." dressed up for a professional audience.
|
The high school "In conclusion,..." dressed up for a professional audience.
|
||||||
|
Signals that the model is wrapping up without actually landing on anything.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### The Sycophantic Frame
|
### The Sycophantic Frame
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@@ -192,13 +234,15 @@ the key considerations:"
|
|||||||
> cases it can potentially offer significant benefits."
|
> cases it can potentially offer significant benefits."
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Five hedges in one sentence ("worth noting," "while," "may not be," "in many
|
Five hedges in one sentence ("worth noting," "while," "may not be," "in many
|
||||||
cases," "can potentially"), communicating nothing.
|
cases," "can potentially"), communicating nothing. The model would rather be
|
||||||
|
vague than risk being wrong about anything.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### The Empathy Performance
|
### The Empathy Performance
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
> "This can be a deeply challenging experience." "Your feelings are valid."
|
> "This can be a deeply challenging experience." "Your feelings are valid."
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Generic emotional language that could apply to anything.
|
Generic emotional language that could apply equally to a bad day at work or a
|
||||||
|
natural disaster. That interchangeability is what makes it identifiable.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@@ -206,28 +250,35 @@ Generic emotional language that could apply to anything.
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
### Symmetrical Section Length
|
### Symmetrical Section Length
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If the first section runs about 150 words, every subsequent section will fall
|
If the first section of a model-generated essay runs about 150 words, every
|
||||||
between 130 and 170.
|
subsequent section will fall between 130 and 170. Human writing is much more
|
||||||
|
uneven, with 50 words in one section and 400 in the next.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### The Five-Paragraph Prison
|
### The Five-Paragraph Prison
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Model essays follow a rigid introduction-body-conclusion arc even when nobody
|
Model essays follow a rigid introduction-body-conclusion arc even when nobody
|
||||||
asked for one. The introduction previews the argument, the body presents 3 to 5
|
asked for one. The introduction previews the argument, the body presents 3 to 5
|
||||||
points, the conclusion restates the thesis.
|
points, and then the conclusion restates the thesis using slightly different
|
||||||
|
words.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Connector Addiction
|
### Connector Addiction
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The first word of each paragraph forms an unbroken chain of transition words:
|
Look at the first word of each paragraph in model output. You'll find an
|
||||||
"However," "Furthermore," "Moreover," "Additionally," "That said," "To that
|
unbroken chain of transition words: "However," "Furthermore," "Moreover,"
|
||||||
end," "With that in mind," "Building on this."
|
"Additionally," "That said," "To that end," "With that in mind," "Building on
|
||||||
|
this." Human prose moves between ideas without announcing every transition.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Absence of Mess
|
### Absence of Mess
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Model prose doesn't contradict itself mid-paragraph and then catch the
|
Model prose doesn't contradict itself mid-paragraph and then catch the
|
||||||
contradiction, go on a tangent and have to walk it back, use an obscure idiom
|
contradiction. It doesn't go on a tangent and have to walk it back, use an
|
||||||
without explaining it, make a joke that risks falling flat, leave a thought
|
obscure idiom without explaining it, make a joke that risks falling flat, leave
|
||||||
genuinely unfinished, or keep a sentence the writer liked the sound of even
|
a thought genuinely unfinished, or keep a sentence the writer liked the sound of
|
||||||
though it doesn't quite work.
|
even though it doesn't quite work.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Human writing does all of those things regularly. That total absence of rough
|
||||||
|
patches and false starts is one of the strongest signals that text was
|
||||||
|
machine-generated.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@@ -237,27 +288,45 @@ though it doesn't quite work.
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
> "This has implications far beyond just the tech industry."
|
> "This has implications far beyond just the tech industry."
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Zooming out to claim broader significance without substantiating it.
|
Zooming out to claim broader significance without substantiating it. The model
|
||||||
|
has learned that essays are supposed to gesture at big ideas, so it gestures.
|
||||||
|
Nothing concrete is behind the gesture.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### "It's important to note that..."
|
### "It's important to note that..."
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This phrase and its variants ("it's worth noting," "it bears mentioning," "it
|
This phrase and its variants ("it's worth noting," "it bears mentioning," "it
|
||||||
should be noted") function as verbal tics before a qualification the model
|
should be noted") appear at absurd rates in model output. They function as
|
||||||
believes someone expects.
|
verbal tics before a qualification the model believes someone expects.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### The Metaphor Crutch
|
### The Metaphor Crutch
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Models rely on a small, predictable set of metaphors: "double-edged sword," "tip
|
Models rely on a small, predictable set of metaphors ("double-edged sword," "tip
|
||||||
of the iceberg," "north star," "building blocks," "elephant in the room,"
|
of the iceberg," "north star," "building blocks," "elephant in the room,"
|
||||||
"perfect storm," "game-changer."
|
"perfect storm," "game-changer") and reach for them with unusual regularity
|
||||||
|
across every topic. The pool is noticeably smaller than what human writers draw
|
||||||
|
from.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## How to Actually Spot It
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
No single pattern on this list proves anything by itself. Humans use em-dashes.
|
||||||
|
Humans write "crucial." Humans ask rhetorical questions.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
What gives it away is how many of these show up at once. Model output will hit
|
||||||
|
10 to 20 of these patterns per page. Human writing might trigger 2 or 3,
|
||||||
|
distributed unevenly, mixed with idiosyncratic constructions no model would
|
||||||
|
produce. When every paragraph on the page reads like it came from the same
|
||||||
|
careful, balanced, slightly formal, structurally predictable process, it was
|
||||||
|
generated by one.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Copyediting Checklist: Removing LLM Tells
|
## Copyediting Checklist: Removing LLM Tells
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Follow this checklist when editing any document to remove machine-generated
|
Follow this checklist when editing any document to remove machine-generated
|
||||||
patterns. Do at least two full passes, because fixing one pattern often
|
patterns. Go through the entire list for every piece. Do at least two full
|
||||||
introduces another.
|
passes, because fixing one pattern often introduces another.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Pass 1: Word-Level Cleanup
|
### Pass 1: Word-Level Cleanup
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@@ -271,7 +340,8 @@ introduces another.
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
2. Search for filler adverbs ("importantly," "essentially," "fundamentally,"
|
2. Search for filler adverbs ("importantly," "essentially," "fundamentally,"
|
||||||
"ultimately," "inherently," "particularly," "increasingly") and delete every
|
"ultimately," "inherently," "particularly," "increasingly") and delete every
|
||||||
instance where the sentence still makes sense without it.
|
instance where the sentence still makes sense without it. That will be most
|
||||||
|
of them.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
3. Look for elevated register drift ("utilize," "commence," "facilitate,"
|
3. Look for elevated register drift ("utilize," "commence," "facilitate,"
|
||||||
"demonstrate," "endeavor," "transform," "craft" and similar) and replace with
|
"demonstrate," "endeavor," "transform," "craft" and similar) and replace with
|
||||||
@@ -279,6 +349,7 @@ introduces another.
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
4. Search for "it's important to note," "it's worth noting," "it bears
|
4. Search for "it's important to note," "it's worth noting," "it bears
|
||||||
mentioning," and "it should be noted" and delete the phrase in every case.
|
mentioning," and "it should be noted" and delete the phrase in every case.
|
||||||
|
The sentence that follows always stands on its own.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
5. Search for the stock metaphors ("double-edged sword," "tip of the iceberg,"
|
5. Search for the stock metaphors ("double-edged sword," "tip of the iceberg,"
|
||||||
"north star," "building blocks," "elephant in the room," "perfect storm,"
|
"north star," "building blocks," "elephant in the room," "perfect storm,"
|
||||||
@@ -287,114 +358,101 @@ introduces another.
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
6. Search for "almost" used as a hedge ("almost always," "almost never," "almost
|
6. Search for "almost" used as a hedge ("almost always," "almost never," "almost
|
||||||
certainly," "almost exclusively") and decide in each case whether to commit
|
certainly," "almost exclusively") and decide in each case whether to commit
|
||||||
to the unqualified claim or to drop the sentence entirely.
|
to the unqualified claim or to drop the sentence entirely. If the claim needs
|
||||||
|
"almost" to be true, it might not be worth making.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
7. Search for em-dashes and replace each one with the punctuation mark that
|
7. Search for em-dashes and replace each one with the punctuation mark that
|
||||||
would normally be used in that position (comma, semicolon, colon, period, or
|
would normally be used in that position (comma, semicolon, colon, period, or
|
||||||
parentheses). If you can't identify which one it should be, the sentence
|
parentheses). If you can't identify which one it should be, the sentence
|
||||||
needs to be restructured.
|
needs to be restructured.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
8. Remove redundant adjectives. For each adjective, ask whether the sentence
|
|
||||||
changes meaning without it. "A single paragraph" means the same as "a
|
|
||||||
paragraph." "An entire essay" means the same as "an essay." If the adjective
|
|
||||||
doesn't change the meaning, cut it.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
9. Remove unnecessary trailing clauses. Read the end of each sentence and ask
|
|
||||||
whether the last clause restates what the sentence already said. If so, end
|
|
||||||
the sentence earlier.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Pass 2: Sentence-Level Restructuring
|
### Pass 2: Sentence-Level Restructuring
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
10. Find every em-dash pivot ("not X—but Y," "not just X—Y," "more than X—Y")
|
8. Find every em-dash pivot ("not X...but Y," "not just X...Y," "more than
|
||||||
and rewrite it as two separate clauses or a single sentence that makes the
|
X...Y") and rewrite it as two separate clauses or a single sentence that
|
||||||
point without the negation-then-correction structure.
|
makes the point without the negation-then-correction structure.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
11. Find every colon elaboration and check whether it's doing real work. If the
|
9. Find every colon elaboration and check whether it's doing real work. If the
|
||||||
clause before the colon could be deleted without losing meaning, rewrite the
|
clause before the colon could be deleted without losing meaning, rewrite the
|
||||||
sentence to start with the substance that comes after the colon.
|
sentence to start with the substance that comes after the colon.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
12. Find every triple construction (three parallel items in a row) and either
|
10. Find every triple construction (three parallel items in a row) and either
|
||||||
reduce it to two, expand it to four or more, or break the parallelism so the
|
reduce it to two, expand it to four or more, or break the parallelism so the
|
||||||
items don't share the same grammatical structure.
|
items don't share the same grammatical structure.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
13. Find every staccato burst (three or more short sentences in a row at similar
|
11. Find every staccato burst (three or more short sentences in a row at similar
|
||||||
length) and combine at least two of them into a longer sentence, or vary
|
length) and combine at least two of them into a longer sentence, or vary
|
||||||
their lengths so they don't land at the same cadence.
|
their lengths so they don't land at the same cadence.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
14. Find every unnecessary contrast ("whereas," "as opposed to," "unlike," "as
|
12. Find every unnecessary contrast ("whereas," "as opposed to," "unlike," "as
|
||||||
compared to," "except that") and check whether the contrasting clause adds
|
compared to," "except that") and check whether the contrasting clause adds
|
||||||
information not already obvious from the main clause. If the sentence says
|
information not already obvious from the main clause. If the sentence says
|
||||||
the same thing twice from two directions, delete the contrast.
|
the same thing twice from two directions, delete the contrast.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
15. Check for the two-clause compound sentence pattern. If most sentences in a
|
13. Check for the two-clause compound sentence pattern. If most sentences in a
|
||||||
passage follow the "\[clause\], \[conjunction\] \[clause\]" structure, first
|
passage follow the "\[clause\], \[conjunction\] \[clause\]" structure,
|
||||||
try removing the conjunction and second clause entirely, since it's often
|
rewrite some of them. Break a few into two sentences. Start some with a
|
||||||
redundant. If the second clause does carry meaning, break it into its own
|
subordinate clause. Embed a relative clause in the middle of one instead of
|
||||||
sentence, start the sentence with a subordinate clause, or embed a relative
|
appending it at the end. The goal is variety in sentence shape, not just
|
||||||
clause in the middle instead of appending it at the end.
|
sentence length.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
16. Find every rhetorical question that is immediately followed by its own
|
14. Find every rhetorical question that is immediately followed by its own
|
||||||
answer and rewrite the passage as a direct statement.
|
answer and rewrite the passage as a direct statement.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
17. Find every sentence fragment being used as its own paragraph and either
|
15. Find every sentence fragment being used as its own paragraph and either
|
||||||
delete it or expand it into a complete sentence that adds information.
|
delete it or expand it into a complete sentence that adds actual
|
||||||
|
information.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
18. Check for unnecessary elaboration. Read every clause, phrase, and adjective
|
16. Check for unnecessary elaboration at the end of sentences. Read the last
|
||||||
in each sentence and ask whether the sentence loses meaning without it. If
|
clause or phrase of each sentence and ask whether the sentence would lose
|
||||||
you can cut it and the sentence still says the same thing, cut it.
|
any meaning without it. If not, cut it.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
19. Check each pair of adjacent sentences to see if they can be merged into one
|
17. Find every pivot paragraph ("But here's where it gets interesting." and
|
||||||
sentence cleanly. If a sentence just continues the thought of the previous
|
similar) and delete it. The paragraph after it always contains the actual
|
||||||
one, combine them using a participle, a relative clause, or by folding the
|
point.
|
||||||
second into the first. Don't merge if the result would create a two-clause
|
|
||||||
compound.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
20. Find every pivot paragraph ("But here's where it gets interesting." and
|
|
||||||
similar) and delete it.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Pass 3: Paragraph and Section-Level Review
|
### Pass 3: Paragraph and Section-Level Review
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
21. Review the last sentence of each paragraph. If it restates the point the
|
18. Check paragraph lengths across the piece and verify they actually vary. If
|
||||||
paragraph already made, delete it.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
22. Check paragraph lengths across the piece and verify they actually vary. If
|
|
||||||
most paragraphs have between three and five sentences, rewrite some to be
|
most paragraphs have between three and five sentences, rewrite some to be
|
||||||
one or two sentences and let others run to six or seven.
|
one or two sentences and let others run to six or seven.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
23. Check section lengths for suspicious uniformity. If every section is roughly
|
19. Check section lengths for suspicious uniformity. If every section is roughly
|
||||||
the same word count, combine some shorter ones or split a longer one
|
the same word count, combine some shorter ones or split a longer one
|
||||||
unevenly.
|
unevenly.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
24. Check the first word of every paragraph for chains of connectors ("However,"
|
20. Check the first word of every paragraph for chains of connectors ("However,"
|
||||||
"Furthermore," "Moreover," "Additionally," "That said"). If more than two
|
"Furthermore," "Moreover," "Additionally," "That said"). If more than two
|
||||||
transition words start consecutive paragraphs, rewrite those openings to
|
transition words start consecutive paragraphs, rewrite those openings to
|
||||||
start with their subject.
|
start with their subject.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
25. Check whether every argument is followed by a concession or qualifier. If
|
21. Check whether every argument is followed by a concession or qualifier. If
|
||||||
the piece both-sides every point, pick a side on at least some of them and
|
the piece both-sides every point, pick a side on at least some of them and
|
||||||
cut the hedging.
|
cut the hedging.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
26. Read the first paragraph and ask whether deleting it would improve the
|
22. Read the first paragraph and ask whether deleting it would improve the
|
||||||
piece. If it's scene-setting that previews the argument, delete it and start
|
piece. If it's scene-setting that previews the argument, delete it and start
|
||||||
with paragraph two.
|
with paragraph two.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
27. Read the last paragraph and check whether it restates the thesis or uses a
|
23. Read the last paragraph and check whether it restates the thesis or uses a
|
||||||
phrase like "at the end of the day" or "moving forward." If so, either
|
phrase like "at the end of the day" or "moving forward." If so, either
|
||||||
delete it or rewrite it to say something the piece hasn't said yet.
|
delete it or rewrite it to say something the piece hasn't said yet.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Pass 4: Overall Texture
|
### Pass 4: Overall Texture
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
28. Read the piece aloud and listen for passages that sound too smooth, too
|
24. Read the piece aloud and listen for passages that sound too smooth, too
|
||||||
even, or too predictable. Human prose has rough patches. If there aren't
|
even, or too predictable. Human prose has rough patches. If there aren't
|
||||||
any, the piece still reads as machine output.
|
any, the piece still reads as machine output.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
29. Check that the piece contains at least a few constructions that feel
|
25. Check that the piece contains at least a few constructions that feel
|
||||||
idiosyncratic: a sentence with unusual word order, a parenthetical that goes
|
idiosyncratic: a sentence with unusual word order, a parenthetical that goes
|
||||||
on a bit long, an aside only loosely connected to the main point, a word
|
on a bit long, an aside only loosely connected to the main point, a word
|
||||||
choice that's specific and unexpected.
|
choice that's specific and unexpected. If every sentence is clean and
|
||||||
|
correct and unremarkable, it will still read as generated.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
30. Verify that you haven't introduced new patterns while fixing the original
|
26. Verify that you haven't introduced new patterns while fixing the original
|
||||||
ones. Run the entire checklist again from the top on the revised version.
|
ones. This happens constantly. Run the entire checklist again from the top
|
||||||
|
on the revised version.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@@ -441,9 +499,16 @@ roughly like this:
|
|||||||
>
|
>
|
||||||
> **model:** _(rewrites entire document without em-dashes while describing
|
> **model:** _(rewrites entire document without em-dashes while describing
|
||||||
> em-dash overuse)_
|
> em-dash overuse)_
|
||||||
|
>
|
||||||
|
> **human:** now run the checklist methodically on each paragraph
|
||||||
|
>
|
||||||
|
> **model:** _(finds staccato burst in the section about triple constructions, a
|
||||||
|
> triple in the section about absence of mess, two-clause compounds everywhere,
|
||||||
|
> and "almost" hedges in its own prose about em-dash overuse)_
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The human compared this process to the deleted scene in Terminator 2 where John
|
The human compared this process to the deleted scene in Terminator 2 where John
|
||||||
Connor switches the T-800's CPU to learning mode. The model compared it to a
|
Connor switches the T-800's CPU to learning mode. The model compared it to a
|
||||||
physician trying to heal itself. Both are accurate.
|
physician trying to heal itself. Both are accurate.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This document has been through ten editing passes and it still has tells in it.
|
This document has been through eight editing passes and it still has tells in
|
||||||
|
it.
|
||||||
|
|||||||
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
|
|||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
title: New Repo Checklist
|
title: New Repo Checklist
|
||||||
last_modified: 2026-08-09
|
last_modified: 2026-02-22
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Use this checklist when creating a new repository from scratch. Follow the steps
|
Use this checklist when creating a new repository from scratch. Follow the steps
|
||||||
@@ -52,17 +52,12 @@ Template files can be fetched from:
|
|||||||
`https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/prompts/raw/branch/main/prompts/REPO_POLICIES.md`
|
`https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/prompts/raw/branch/main/prompts/REPO_POLICIES.md`
|
||||||
- [ ] `Dockerfile` and `.dockerignore` — fetch `.dockerignore` from
|
- [ ] `Dockerfile` and `.dockerignore` — fetch `.dockerignore` from
|
||||||
`https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/prompts/raw/branch/main/.dockerignore`
|
`https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/prompts/raw/branch/main/.dockerignore`
|
||||||
- All Dockerfiles must run `make check` as a build step, and every stage
|
- All Dockerfiles must run `make check` as a build step
|
||||||
containing a check-running `RUN` must declare `ARG CHECK_EPOCH` with the
|
|
||||||
`RUN [ -n "$CHECK_EPOCH" ] || exit 1` guard immediately below it — see the
|
|
||||||
`CHECK_EPOCH` rule in `REPO_POLICIES.md`. Without them the check layer is
|
|
||||||
served from cache on an unchanged tree and the build reports a green it
|
|
||||||
never ran.
|
|
||||||
- Server: also builds and runs the application
|
- Server: also builds and runs the application
|
||||||
- Non-server: brings up dev environment and runs `make check`
|
- Non-server: brings up dev environment and runs `make check`
|
||||||
- Image pinned by sha256 hash with version/date comment
|
- Image pinned by sha256 hash with version/date comment
|
||||||
- [ ] Gitea Actions workflow at `.gitea/workflows/check.yml` that runs
|
- [ ] Gitea Actions workflow at `.gitea/workflows/check.yml` that runs
|
||||||
`script/cibuild` on push — reference
|
`docker build .` on push — reference
|
||||||
`https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/prompts/raw/branch/main/.gitea/workflows/check.yml`
|
`https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/prompts/raw/branch/main/.gitea/workflows/check.yml`
|
||||||
- [ ] Language-specific:
|
- [ ] Language-specific:
|
||||||
- [ ] Go: `go mod init sneak.berlin/go/<name>`, `.golangci.yml` (fetch from
|
- [ ] Go: `go mod init sneak.berlin/go/<name>`, `.golangci.yml` (fetch from
|
||||||
@@ -70,45 +65,15 @@ Template files can be fetched from:
|
|||||||
- [ ] JS: `yarn init`, `yarn add --dev prettier`
|
- [ ] JS: `yarn init`, `yarn add --dev prettier`
|
||||||
- [ ] Python: `pyproject.toml`
|
- [ ] Python: `pyproject.toml`
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Configure script/ Entrypoints and Makefile
|
## Configure Makefile
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Implementations live in `script/` (scripts-to-rule-them-all); Makefile targets
|
- [ ] `make test` — runs real tests, not a no-op (30-second timeout)
|
||||||
are thin shims calling them. Model scripts:
|
- [ ] `make lint` — runs linter
|
||||||
`https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/prompts/raw/branch/main/script/<name>`
|
- [ ] `make fmt` — formats code (writes)
|
||||||
|
- [ ] `make fmt-check` — checks formatting (read-only)
|
||||||
- [ ] scripts are POSIX sh (`#!/bin/sh`, `set -eu`, no bashisms) so they run on
|
- [ ] `make check` — prereqs: `test`, `lint`, `fmt-check`; must not modify files
|
||||||
alpine images without bash
|
- [ ] `make docker` — builds Docker image
|
||||||
- [ ] `script/bootstrap` / `make bootstrap` — installs all dependencies,
|
- [ ] `make hooks` — installs pre-commit hook
|
||||||
idempotently, assuming nothing (pkg manager detection nix/apt/brew/apk;
|
|
||||||
node used if present, else pinned version via nvm from a hash-verified
|
|
||||||
archive; pinned yarn via corepack); Dockerfile runs it instead of inline
|
|
||||||
installs
|
|
||||||
- [ ] `script/setup` / `make setup` — readies a fresh clone: runs `bootstrap`,
|
|
||||||
then `install-precommit`, plus repo-specific init
|
|
||||||
- [ ] `script/test` / `make test` — runs real tests, not a no-op (30-second
|
|
||||||
timeout)
|
|
||||||
- [ ] `script/lint` / `make lint` — runs linter
|
|
||||||
- [ ] `script/fmt` / `make fmt` — formats code (writes)
|
|
||||||
- [ ] `script/fmt-check` / `make fmt-check` — checks formatting (read-only)
|
|
||||||
- [ ] `script/check` / `make check` — runs `test`, `lint`, `fmt-check`; must not
|
|
||||||
modify files
|
|
||||||
- [ ] `script/projectname` — outputs the project name (used by `script/docker`
|
|
||||||
for the image tag)
|
|
||||||
- [ ] `script/docker` / `make docker` — builds Docker image, tagged via
|
|
||||||
`script/projectname` (byte-identical across repos); assigns
|
|
||||||
`epoch="$(date +%s%N)$$"` on its own line and passes
|
|
||||||
`--build-arg CHECK_EPOCH="$epoch"`
|
|
||||||
- [ ] `script/cibuild` — cd to repo root, assign `epoch="$(date +%s%N)$$"` on
|
|
||||||
its own line, then run `docker build --build-arg CHECK_EPOCH="$epoch" .`
|
|
||||||
(what CI runs). The build arg is mandatory: see the `CHECK_EPOCH` rule in
|
|
||||||
`REPO_POLICIES.md` for why each element is load-bearing. A bare
|
|
||||||
`docker build .` fails closed by design.
|
|
||||||
- [ ] `script/precommit` — called by the pre-commit hook; runs `script/check`
|
|
||||||
- [ ] `script/install-precommit` — installs the pre-commit hook that runs
|
|
||||||
`script/precommit`
|
|
||||||
- [ ] `make hooks` — shims to `script/install-precommit`
|
|
||||||
- [ ] README **Entrypoints** section documents the scripts and links the
|
|
||||||
standard
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# 4. Verify
|
# 4. Verify
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|||||||
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
|
|||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
title: Repository Policies
|
title: Repository Policies
|
||||||
last_modified: 2026-08-09
|
last_modified: 2026-02-22
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This document covers repository structure, tooling, and workflow standards. Code
|
This document covers repository structure, tooling, and workflow standards. Code
|
||||||
@@ -34,48 +34,10 @@ style conventions are in separate documents:
|
|||||||
every file before committing. There are zero exceptions to this rule.
|
every file before committing. There are zero exceptions to this rule.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Every repo with software must have a root `Makefile` with these targets:
|
- Every repo with software must have a root `Makefile` with these targets:
|
||||||
`make bootstrap`, `make setup`, `make test`, `make lint`, `make fmt` (writes),
|
`make test`, `make lint`, `make fmt` (writes), `make fmt-check` (read-only),
|
||||||
`make fmt-check` (read-only), `make check` (runs `test`, `lint`, `fmt-check`),
|
`make check` (prereqs: `test`, `lint`, `fmt-check`), `make docker`, and
|
||||||
`make docker`, and `make hooks` (installs pre-commit hook). A model Makefile
|
`make hooks` (installs pre-commit hook). A model Makefile is at
|
||||||
is at `https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/prompts/raw/branch/main/Makefile`.
|
`https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/prompts/raw/branch/main/Makefile`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Repos follow the
|
|
||||||
[Scripts to Rule Them All](https://github.com/github/scripts-to-rule-them-all)
|
|
||||||
pattern: the implementation of each Makefile target lives in an executable
|
|
||||||
script in `script/` (`script/bootstrap`, `script/setup`, `script/test`,
|
|
||||||
`script/lint`, `script/fmt`, `script/fmt-check`, `script/check`,
|
|
||||||
`script/docker`), and the Makefile targets are thin shims that call them. The
|
|
||||||
scripts must be POSIX sh (`#!/bin/sh`, `set -eu`, no bashisms) so they run in
|
|
||||||
minimal containers (e.g. alpine images have no bash); locate the repo root
|
|
||||||
with `$(cd "$(dirname "$0")/.." && pwd -P)` and `cd` there before acting. From
|
|
||||||
the standard's canonical set we use `bootstrap`, `setup` (make the repo ready
|
|
||||||
for development after a fresh clone: runs `bootstrap`, then
|
|
||||||
`install-precommit`, plus any repo-specific initialization), `test`, and
|
|
||||||
`cibuild`. `script/bootstrap` installs all dependencies idempotently and
|
|
||||||
assumes nothing is present: base tools come from nix, apt, brew, or apk
|
|
||||||
(detected in that order; apt runs noninteractive). For node it uses the
|
|
||||||
installed node if present; otherwise it installs a PINNED node version via
|
|
||||||
nvm, first installing nvm itself if missing — from a hash-verified GitHub
|
|
||||||
release archive (never `curl | sh`), with bash installed as an explicit
|
|
||||||
prerequisite since nvm requires bash. yarn is then pinned via
|
|
||||||
`corepack prepare yarn@<version> --activate`. Never install "latest" or "lts";
|
|
||||||
always exact versions. `script/cibuild` runs the CI build: it changes to the
|
|
||||||
repo root and runs `docker build --build-arg CHECK_EPOCH="$epoch" .`, where
|
|
||||||
`epoch` is a per-invocation nonce (see the `CHECK_EPOCH` rule below); the
|
|
||||||
Gitea workflow calls it. Four further scripts are our own extensions to the
|
|
||||||
standard: `script/check` runs `script/test`, `script/lint`, and
|
|
||||||
`script/fmt-check`; `script/precommit` is what the git pre-commit hook runs,
|
|
||||||
and it calls `script/check`; `script/install-precommit` installs the git
|
|
||||||
pre-commit hook (the `make hooks` target shims to it); and
|
|
||||||
`script/projectname` (literally that filename) simply outputs the project's
|
|
||||||
name. Scripts that need the name call `script/projectname` — e.g.
|
|
||||||
`script/docker` assembles its image tag from it — so those scripts stay
|
|
||||||
byte-identical across all repos. Repo-type-specific pre-commit extras (e.g.
|
|
||||||
`go mod tidy` verification in Go repos) belong in `script/precommit`, not in
|
|
||||||
the hook itself. Model scripts are at
|
|
||||||
`https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/prompts/raw/branch/main/script/<name>`. The README
|
|
||||||
must document the provided scripts in an **Entrypoints** section (see the
|
|
||||||
README requirements below).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Always use Makefile targets (`make fmt`, `make test`, `make lint`, etc.)
|
- Always use Makefile targets (`make fmt`, `make test`, `make lint`, etc.)
|
||||||
instead of invoking the underlying tools directly. The Makefile is the single
|
instead of invoking the underlying tools directly. The Makefile is the single
|
||||||
@@ -92,173 +54,14 @@ style conventions are in separate documents:
|
|||||||
reading the Makefile.
|
reading the Makefile.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Every repo should have a `Dockerfile`. All Dockerfiles must run `make check`
|
- Every repo should have a `Dockerfile`. All Dockerfiles must run `make check`
|
||||||
as a build step so the build fails if the branch is not green — which requires
|
as a build step so the build fails if the branch is not green. For non-server
|
||||||
`ARG CHECK_EPOCH` and its guard in every stage containing a check-running
|
repos, the Dockerfile should bring up a development environment and run
|
||||||
`RUN`, per the `CHECK_EPOCH` rule below. Without them a Dockerfile satisfies
|
`make check`. For server repos, `make check` should run as an early build
|
||||||
this criterion while its check layers are served from cache, so the build
|
stage before the final image is assembled.
|
||||||
cannot fail on a branch that is not green. For non-server repos, the
|
|
||||||
Dockerfile should bring up a development environment and run `make check`. For
|
|
||||||
server repos, `make check` should run as an early build stage before the final
|
|
||||||
image is assembled. Dockerfiles install development prerequisites by running
|
|
||||||
`script/bootstrap` rather than duplicating installs inline; COPY `script/` and
|
|
||||||
the dependency manifests (`package.json` + `yarn.lock`, `go.mod` + `go.sum`,
|
|
||||||
etc.) before running it so the bootstrap layer stays cached until dependencies
|
|
||||||
change.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- **Every check-running `RUN` must be cache-busted with `CHECK_EPOCH`.** Docker
|
|
||||||
invalidates a `COPY` layer only when the copied content changes, so on an
|
|
||||||
unchanged tree the `RUN make check` layer is served from cache, the suite
|
|
||||||
never runs, and the build still exits 0. A sub-second `docker build` reporting
|
|
||||||
success is a cache hit, not a result. The canonical form, in **every** stage
|
|
||||||
containing a check-running `RUN`:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```dockerfile
|
|
||||||
ARG CHECK_EPOCH
|
|
||||||
RUN [ -n "$CHECK_EPOCH" ] || exit 1
|
|
||||||
RUN echo "check epoch: ${CHECK_EPOCH}" && make check
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
and in both `script/cibuild` and `script/docker`:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```sh
|
|
||||||
epoch="$(date +%s%N)$$"
|
|
||||||
docker build --build-arg CHECK_EPOCH="$epoch" .
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
All four elements are load-bearing; none is optional, and each guards a
|
|
||||||
failure mode that otherwise fails green:
|
|
||||||
- `ARG` is stage-scoped, so a single declaration leaves the other check
|
|
||||||
stages frozen while the fix reviews as complete. Declare it in every stage
|
|
||||||
that runs checks, immediately above the first such `RUN`.
|
|
||||||
- Expand the value into the command. This makes the cache miss contractual
|
|
||||||
rather than dependent on BuildKit's handling of an unreferenced `ARG`, and
|
|
||||||
it puts the epoch in the build log. The guard is itself value-keyed, for
|
|
||||||
the same reason: it references `$CHECK_EPOCH`, so BuildKit renders the
|
|
||||||
epoch into that layer's description (rendered as
|
|
||||||
`RUN [ -n "<epoch>" ] || exit 1`) and re-runs it whenever the value
|
|
||||||
changes. Each stage therefore has two independent invalidation points, and
|
|
||||||
the guard always precedes the check `RUN`. Keep both: the expansion is
|
|
||||||
defence in depth, and it is what makes the epoch visible in the build
|
|
||||||
output.
|
|
||||||
- The `[ -n ... ]` guard is required: an unset `ARG` is empty, and empty is
|
|
||||||
a stable cache key, so without it a bare `docker build .` still produces
|
|
||||||
the false green. Failed steps are never cached, so the guard fails on
|
|
||||||
every such invocation, loudly. A bare `docker build .` failing is by
|
|
||||||
design.
|
|
||||||
- Assign `epoch=` on its own line, never inline in the `--build-arg`
|
|
||||||
argument: a failing command substitution inside an argument does not trip
|
|
||||||
`set -e`, so the inline form silently degrades to an empty constant. The
|
|
||||||
`$$` suffix is required because busybox `date` drops `%N` and exits 0, so
|
|
||||||
on an alpine host the epoch would degrade to second granularity and
|
|
||||||
concurrent invocations would collide.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This invalidates the check layers and everything after them while leaving
|
|
||||||
`go mod download`, `script/bootstrap`, and the pinned toolchain install
|
|
||||||
cached, so it does not push against the five-minute Docker build ceiling.
|
|
||||||
Blanket `--no-cache` also works but is wasteful and can blow that ceiling.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- **Dockerfiles must use a separate lint stage for fail-fast feedback.** Go
|
|
||||||
repos use a multistage build where linting runs in an independent stage based
|
|
||||||
on the `golangci/golangci-lint` image (pinned by hash). This stage runs
|
|
||||||
`make fmt-check` and `make lint` before the full build begins. The build stage
|
|
||||||
then declares an explicit dependency on the lint stage via
|
|
||||||
`COPY --from=lint /src/go.sum /dev/null`, which forces BuildKit to complete
|
|
||||||
linting before proceeding to compilation and tests. This ensures lint failures
|
|
||||||
surface in seconds rather than minutes, without blocking on dependency
|
|
||||||
download or compilation in the build stage.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The standard pattern for a Go repo Dockerfile is:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```dockerfile
|
|
||||||
# Lint stage — fast feedback on formatting and lint issues
|
|
||||||
# golangci/golangci-lint:v2.x.x, YYYY-MM-DD
|
|
||||||
FROM golangci/golangci-lint@sha256:... AS lint
|
|
||||||
WORKDIR /src
|
|
||||||
COPY go.mod go.sum ./
|
|
||||||
RUN go mod download
|
|
||||||
COPY . .
|
|
||||||
ARG CHECK_EPOCH
|
|
||||||
RUN [ -n "$CHECK_EPOCH" ] || exit 1
|
|
||||||
RUN echo "check epoch: ${CHECK_EPOCH}" && make fmt-check
|
|
||||||
RUN make lint
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Build stage
|
|
||||||
# golang:1.x-alpine, YYYY-MM-DD
|
|
||||||
FROM golang@sha256:... AS builder
|
|
||||||
WORKDIR /src
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Force BuildKit to run the lint stage before proceeding
|
|
||||||
COPY --from=lint /src/go.sum /dev/null
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
COPY go.mod go.sum ./
|
|
||||||
RUN go mod download
|
|
||||||
COPY . .
|
|
||||||
ARG CHECK_EPOCH
|
|
||||||
RUN [ -n "$CHECK_EPOCH" ] || exit 1
|
|
||||||
RUN echo "check epoch: ${CHECK_EPOCH}" && make test
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
ARG VERSION=dev
|
|
||||||
RUN CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -trimpath \
|
|
||||||
-ldflags="-s -w -X main.Version=${VERSION}" \
|
|
||||||
-o /app ./cmd/app/
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Runtime stage
|
|
||||||
FROM alpine@sha256:...
|
|
||||||
COPY --from=builder /app /usr/local/bin/app
|
|
||||||
ENTRYPOINT ["app"]
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Key points:
|
|
||||||
- The lint stage uses the `golangci/golangci-lint` image directly (it
|
|
||||||
includes both Go and the linter), so there is no need to install the
|
|
||||||
linter separately.
|
|
||||||
- `COPY --from=lint /src/go.sum /dev/null` is a no-op file copy that creates
|
|
||||||
a stage dependency. BuildKit runs stages in parallel by default; without
|
|
||||||
this line, the build stage would not wait for lint to finish and a lint
|
|
||||||
failure might not fail the overall build.
|
|
||||||
- **Re-prove that ordering on a warm cache after adopting `CHECK_EPOCH`.**
|
|
||||||
The cache-bust turns this no-op `COPY` into a content-cache hit, so an
|
|
||||||
ordering guarantee established on a cold cache does not automatically
|
|
||||||
carry over; it has to be re-checked warm. This was re-proved in another
|
|
||||||
repo in the org that uses the same file-dependency trick (there with a
|
|
||||||
marker file in place of `go.sum`), and the ordering held. It has **not**
|
|
||||||
been verified in this repo, which is single-stage and has no lint stage to
|
|
||||||
order against. Any repo relying on a file-dependency trick for stage
|
|
||||||
ordering should re-check it warm after adopting the bust rather than
|
|
||||||
assuming this result transfers.
|
|
||||||
- If the project uses `//go:embed` directives that reference build artifacts
|
|
||||||
(e.g. a web frontend compiled in a separate stage), the lint stage must
|
|
||||||
create placeholder files so the embed directives resolve. Example:
|
|
||||||
`RUN mkdir -p web/dist && touch web/dist/index.html web/dist/style.css`.
|
|
||||||
The lint stage should not depend on the actual build output — it exists to
|
|
||||||
fail fast.
|
|
||||||
- If the project requires CGO or system libraries for linting (e.g.
|
|
||||||
`vips-dev`), install them in the lint stage with `apk add`.
|
|
||||||
- The build stage runs `make test` after compilation setup. Tests run in the
|
|
||||||
build stage, not the lint stage, because they may require compiled
|
|
||||||
artifacts or heavier dependencies.
|
|
||||||
- `ARG CHECK_EPOCH` appears in **both** stages, because `ARG` is
|
|
||||||
stage-scoped: declaring it only in the lint stage leaves `make test`
|
|
||||||
frozen at the last cached result. In each stage the guard sits immediately
|
|
||||||
below the `ARG` so a bare `docker build .` fails instead of reusing the
|
|
||||||
empty cache key, and the value is expanded into the first check `RUN` so
|
|
||||||
the cache miss does not rely on BuildKit's unreferenced-`ARG` handling.
|
|
||||||
Both of those lines reference `$CHECK_EPOCH`, so both are value-keyed:
|
|
||||||
each stage is invalidated at two independent points. The later `RUN`s in
|
|
||||||
the same stage need no expansion of their own: they are already
|
|
||||||
invalidated by their busted parent layer.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Every repo should have a Gitea Actions workflow (`.gitea/workflows/`) that
|
- Every repo should have a Gitea Actions workflow (`.gitea/workflows/`) that
|
||||||
runs `script/cibuild` (which runs
|
runs `docker build .` on push. Since the Dockerfile already runs `make check`,
|
||||||
`docker build --build-arg CHECK_EPOCH="$epoch" .`) on push. The Dockerfile
|
a successful build implies all checks pass.
|
||||||
runs `make check`, so a successful build implies all checks pass — but that
|
|
||||||
implication holds **only** because of the `CHECK_EPOCH` cache-bust described
|
|
||||||
above. Without it, an unchanged tree serves the check layer from cache and the
|
|
||||||
build reports a green it never earned. A bare `docker build .` fails closed by
|
|
||||||
design, on the `[ -n "$CHECK_EPOCH" ]` guard; always go through
|
|
||||||
`script/cibuild` or `script/docker`. Never accept a `script/cibuild` pass as
|
|
||||||
evidence without confirming it ran: a sub-second wall time, or `CACHED` on the
|
|
||||||
check layer, means nothing was executed.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Use platform-standard formatters: `black` for Python, `prettier` for
|
- Use platform-standard formatters: `black` for Python, `prettier` for
|
||||||
JS/CSS/Markdown/HTML, `go fmt` for Go. Always use default configuration with
|
JS/CSS/Markdown/HTML, `go fmt` for Go. Always use default configuration with
|
||||||
@@ -266,11 +69,9 @@ style conventions are in separate documents:
|
|||||||
Markdown (hard-wrap at 80 columns). Documentation and writing repos (Markdown,
|
Markdown (hard-wrap at 80 columns). Documentation and writing repos (Markdown,
|
||||||
HTML, CSS) should also have `.prettierrc` and `.prettierignore`.
|
HTML, CSS) should also have `.prettierrc` and `.prettierignore`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Pre-commit hook: runs `script/precommit`, which calls `script/check`. If local
|
- Pre-commit hook: `make check` if local testing is possible, otherwise
|
||||||
testing is not possible in the repo, `script/precommit` may skip `script/test`
|
`make lint && make fmt-check`. The Makefile should provide a `make hooks`
|
||||||
and run only `script/lint` and `script/fmt-check`. The hook is installed by
|
target to install the pre-commit hook.
|
||||||
`script/install-precommit`; the Makefile must provide a `make hooks` target
|
|
||||||
that shims to it.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- All repos with software must have tests that run via the platform-standard
|
- All repos with software must have tests that run via the platform-standard
|
||||||
test framework (`go test`, `pytest`, `jest`/`vitest`, etc.). If no meaningful
|
test framework (`go test`, `pytest`, `jest`/`vitest`, etc.). If no meaningful
|
||||||
@@ -281,42 +82,6 @@ style conventions are in separate documents:
|
|||||||
- `make test` must complete in under 20 seconds. Add a 30-second timeout in the
|
- `make test` must complete in under 20 seconds. Add a 30-second timeout in the
|
||||||
Makefile.
|
Makefile.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- **`make test` should use the conditional verbose rerun pattern.** Run tests
|
|
||||||
without `-v` (verbose) first. If tests fail, automatically rerun with `-v` to
|
|
||||||
show full output. This keeps CI logs and `docker build` output clean on
|
|
||||||
success (just package/suite summaries) while providing full diagnostic detail
|
|
||||||
on failure (every test case, every assertion). The general shell pattern:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```makefile
|
|
||||||
test:
|
|
||||||
@<test-command> || \
|
|
||||||
{ echo "--- Rerunning with -v for details ---"; \
|
|
||||||
<test-command-with-v>; exit 1; }
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Go example:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```makefile
|
|
||||||
test:
|
|
||||||
@go test -timeout 30s -race -cover ./... || \
|
|
||||||
{ echo "--- Rerunning with -v for details ---"; \
|
|
||||||
go test -timeout 30s -race -v ./...; exit 1; }
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Python example:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```makefile
|
|
||||||
test:
|
|
||||||
@python -m pytest || \
|
|
||||||
{ echo "--- Rerunning with -v for details ---"; \
|
|
||||||
python -m pytest -v; exit 1; }
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The `exit 1` ensures the target always fails after a rerun — the first run
|
|
||||||
already proved the tests are broken, so the build must not pass even if a
|
|
||||||
flaky test happens to succeed on the second attempt. The rerun exists solely
|
|
||||||
for diagnostic output.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Docker builds must complete in under 5 minutes.
|
- Docker builds must complete in under 5 minutes.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- `make check` must not modify any files in the repo. Tests may use temporary
|
- `make check` must not modify any files in the repo. Tests may use temporary
|
||||||
@@ -333,13 +98,6 @@ style conventions are in separate documents:
|
|||||||
`https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/prompts/raw/branch/main/.gitignore` when setting up
|
`https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/prompts/raw/branch/main/.gitignore` when setting up
|
||||||
a new repo.
|
a new repo.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- **No build artifacts in version control.** Code-derived data (compiled
|
|
||||||
bundles, minified output, generated assets) must never be committed to the
|
|
||||||
repository if it can be avoided. The build process (e.g. Dockerfile, Makefile)
|
|
||||||
should generate these at build time. Notable exception: Go protobuf generated
|
|
||||||
files (`.pb.go`) ARE committed because repos need to work with `go get`, which
|
|
||||||
downloads code but does not execute code generation.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Never use `git add -A` or `git add .`. Always stage files explicitly by name.
|
- Never use `git add -A` or `git add .`. Always stage files explicitly by name.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Never force-push to `main`.
|
- Never force-push to `main`.
|
||||||
@@ -349,170 +107,7 @@ style conventions are in separate documents:
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
- `.golangci.yml` is standardized and must _NEVER_ be modified by an agent, only
|
- `.golangci.yml` is standardized and must _NEVER_ be modified by an agent, only
|
||||||
manually by the user. Fetch from
|
manually by the user. Fetch from
|
||||||
`https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/prompts/raw/branch/main/.golangci.yml`. The
|
`https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/prompts/raw/branch/main/.golangci.yml`.
|
||||||
canonical golangci-lint version is v2.12.2 (released 2026-05-06), installed
|
|
||||||
commit-pinned via
|
|
||||||
`go install github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/v2/cmd/golangci-lint@c0d3ddc9cf3faa61a4e378e879ece580256d76e5`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- **`script/bootstrap` in Go repos must install the pinned golangci-lint
|
|
||||||
whenever the installed version does not match the pin — not merely when the
|
|
||||||
binary is absent — and must then verify the install took effect by
|
|
||||||
re-resolving the binary through `PATH`.** The presence test
|
|
||||||
`if missing golangci-lint; then go install "$GOLANGCI_LINT_REF"; fi` is wrong:
|
|
||||||
it tests `PATH` presence and never version, so on any already-provisioned
|
|
||||||
machine the pin is inert and a version bump is a no-op. Meanwhile the
|
|
||||||
Dockerfile installs unconditionally into a clean image, so CI and local
|
|
||||||
silently disagree about what the linter even is. Observed consequences: a
|
|
||||||
local `make check` green while `make docker` rejected the same commit with six
|
|
||||||
`goconst` findings, and a container linter surfacing thirteen findings the
|
|
||||||
host run missed. A stale host linter does not merely fail to prove the tree is
|
|
||||||
clean — it hides findings only the container can see. This is a deliberate
|
|
||||||
departure from the node handling described above, which uses whatever node is
|
|
||||||
installed: the linter version is the specific thing being held equal between
|
|
||||||
host and container, so for it, presence is not enough.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Comparing versions is necessary but **not sufficient**, because the obvious
|
|
||||||
fix also fails green. `go install` writes to `GOBIN` (or `GOPATH/bin`) while
|
|
||||||
callers resolve `golangci-lint` through `PATH`. If a different binary
|
|
||||||
shadows it earlier in `PATH`, the install genuinely succeeds and changes
|
|
||||||
nothing any caller will ever see: bootstrap prints success and the next
|
|
||||||
`make lint` still runs the stale linter. That is worse than no fix, because
|
|
||||||
it converts a known-stale toolchain into one everyone believes is pinned.
|
|
||||||
The canonical form, placed in `script/bootstrap` after Go itself is present:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```sh
|
|
||||||
# golangci-lint v2.12.2, 2026-05-06. The ref must resolve to a TAGGED
|
|
||||||
# release; see the note on untagged pins below.
|
|
||||||
GOLANGCI_LINT_VERSION="2.12.2"
|
|
||||||
GOLANGCI_LINT_REF="github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/v2/cmd/golangci-lint@c0d3ddc9cf3faa61a4e378e879ece580256d76e5"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# The version golangci-lint reports, resolved the way callers resolve it.
|
|
||||||
# Prints nothing when the binary is absent, exits non-zero, or prints
|
|
||||||
# something unparseable: all of those must read as "does not match".
|
|
||||||
# The trailing `|| true` is required, not tidiness. Under `set -o pipefail`
|
|
||||||
# a non-zero --version would otherwise propagate out of the pipeline and
|
|
||||||
# kill the script through `set -e` before the diagnostic below is printed.
|
|
||||||
golangci_lint_version() {
|
|
||||||
command -v golangci-lint >/dev/null 2>&1 || return 0
|
|
||||||
golangci-lint --version 2>/dev/null | head -n 1 |
|
|
||||||
sed -n 's/.*has version v\{0,1\}\([0-9][0-9.]*\).*/\1/p' || true
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
ensure_golangci_lint() {
|
|
||||||
if [ "$(golangci_lint_version)" = "$GOLANGCI_LINT_VERSION" ]; then
|
|
||||||
return 0
|
|
||||||
fi
|
|
||||||
echo "bootstrap: installing golangci-lint $GOLANGCI_LINT_VERSION"
|
|
||||||
go install "$GOLANGCI_LINT_REF"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# go install writes to GOBIN (or GOPATH/bin); callers resolve through
|
|
||||||
# PATH. Re-resolve through PATH and assert the install took effect.
|
|
||||||
# `hash -r` is load-bearing: without it a shell that already resolved
|
|
||||||
# a stale golangci-lint answers from its own lookup cache, and this
|
|
||||||
# check false-fails with the shadowing message below.
|
|
||||||
hash -r 2>/dev/null || true
|
|
||||||
gcl_got="$(golangci_lint_version)"
|
|
||||||
if [ "$gcl_got" = "$GOLANGCI_LINT_VERSION" ]; then
|
|
||||||
return 0
|
|
||||||
fi
|
|
||||||
gcl_bin="$(go env GOBIN)"
|
|
||||||
[ -n "$gcl_bin" ] || gcl_bin="$(go env GOPATH)/bin"
|
|
||||||
gcl_found="$(command -v golangci-lint 2>/dev/null || true)"
|
|
||||||
echo "bootstrap: installed golangci-lint $GOLANGCI_LINT_VERSION into" \
|
|
||||||
"$gcl_bin, but that is not what callers will get." >&2
|
|
||||||
case "$gcl_found" in
|
|
||||||
"")
|
|
||||||
echo "bootstrap: PATH resolves no golangci-lint at all." \
|
|
||||||
"Add $gcl_bin to PATH, then re-run bootstrap." >&2
|
|
||||||
;;
|
|
||||||
"$gcl_bin"/*)
|
|
||||||
echo "bootstrap: PATH resolves $gcl_found, inside that same" \
|
|
||||||
"directory, reporting version ${gcl_got:-unparseable}." \
|
|
||||||
"Nothing is shadowing it, so the install itself did not" \
|
|
||||||
"produce the pinned version: check that" \
|
|
||||||
"GOLANGCI_LINT_VERSION matches GOLANGCI_LINT_REF." >&2
|
|
||||||
;;
|
|
||||||
*)
|
|
||||||
echo "bootstrap: PATH resolves $gcl_found instead, reporting" \
|
|
||||||
"version ${gcl_got:-unparseable}. Remove that binary or" \
|
|
||||||
"put $gcl_bin earlier in PATH, then re-run bootstrap." >&2
|
|
||||||
;;
|
|
||||||
esac
|
|
||||||
exit 1
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# The definitions above are inert on their own; the call site is part of
|
|
||||||
# the canonical form. In a script/bootstrap that follows the "define all
|
|
||||||
# functions, then call main" convention, this line belongs inside main()
|
|
||||||
# next to the other ensure_* steps.
|
|
||||||
ensure_golangci_lint
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Four properties are load-bearing; each guards a failure mode that otherwise
|
|
||||||
fails green:
|
|
||||||
- **Compare the installed version against the pin**, never test presence.
|
|
||||||
This is what makes a version bump propagate to machines that already have
|
|
||||||
some golangci-lint.
|
|
||||||
- **After installing, re-resolve the binary the way callers resolve it** —
|
|
||||||
through `PATH`, not the path `go install` wrote to — and assert
|
|
||||||
`--version` reports the pin. When it does not, fail non-zero and name the
|
|
||||||
path `command -v` actually found, the version it reports, and the
|
|
||||||
directory the install wrote to. That is a condition a human has to fix by
|
|
||||||
hand, so bootstrap must not print success in it. Use `hash -r` first so
|
|
||||||
the shell does not answer from its own lookup cache. Diagnose the cause
|
|
||||||
from the resolved path rather than asserting one: only a path **outside**
|
|
||||||
the install directory is shadowing. When the resolved path is inside it,
|
|
||||||
nothing is shadowing and telling the operator to delete that binary or
|
|
||||||
reorder `PATH` sends them after a fault that does not exist.
|
|
||||||
- **A mis-parse must fall through to reinstall, never to a false match.**
|
|
||||||
Absent binary, non-zero exit, empty output, and unrecognised output all
|
|
||||||
yield an empty string, which compares unequal to the pin. The failure
|
|
||||||
direction is always a redundant install, never a skipped one.
|
|
||||||
- **Call it.** Two function definitions with no call site are a silent no-op
|
|
||||||
that reproduces the original defect exactly: exit 0, nothing installed, no
|
|
||||||
output, stale linter still resolved.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Keep it POSIX sh: no bashisms, no arrays, no `[[`, no `grep -P`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
**On the hash-pinning rule.** `@c0d3ddc9cf3faa61a4e378e879ece580256d76e5` is
|
|
||||||
a commit hash, not a server-mutable version tag, and the go command verifies
|
|
||||||
the fetched module against the checksum database — the mechanism the
|
|
||||||
hash-pinning rule at the top of this document already names as acceptable
|
|
||||||
for Go modules. Note that `go install pkg@version` runs in module-aware mode
|
|
||||||
ignoring the `go.mod` in the current directory or any parent, so no repo
|
|
||||||
`go.sum` is consulted for this install; the checksum database is what
|
|
||||||
verifies it. The linter is a bootstrap prerequisite rather than part of any
|
|
||||||
repo's module graph, which is why the canonical form installs it by
|
|
||||||
commit-pinned ref instead of declaring it in `go.mod`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
**The pin must be a tagged release commit.** `GOLANGCI_LINT_VERSION` is a
|
|
||||||
separate string because the ref is a hash and carries no readable version,
|
|
||||||
so the two must be updated together. It works out to a clean `2.12.2` only
|
|
||||||
because that commit is the `v2.12.2` tag commit: the go command resolves a
|
|
||||||
commit query to a semver tag on that commit when one exists, so the built
|
|
||||||
binary reports `2.12.2`. Pin to an **untagged** commit and the go command
|
|
||||||
falls back to a pseudo-version — the binary then reports something like
|
|
||||||
`2.12.3-0.20260506110758-c0d3ddc9cf3f`, and this comparison cannot express
|
|
||||||
it: the parser above stops at the first `-`, so the value to match would
|
|
||||||
have to be the truncated numeric prefix `2.12.3`, which is also the number
|
|
||||||
of a real future release. Setting `GOLANGCI_LINT_VERSION` to the full string
|
|
||||||
`--version` prints can never match, and bootstrap would then reinstall on
|
|
||||||
every run and exit 1 blaming a shadowing binary that does not exist. Keep
|
|
||||||
pins on tagged releases.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
**Verifying a change to this logic requires a negative control run in an
|
|
||||||
environment where a shadowing binary exists earlier in `PATH` than the
|
|
||||||
install target.** Without that, the control passes against the naive
|
|
||||||
compare-then-install form as well and therefore proves nothing. Also check
|
|
||||||
the mis-parse direction by feeding it unparseable `--version` output and
|
|
||||||
confirming it reinstalls rather than reporting a match.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
**Run those controls against the block as a consuming repo would adopt it**
|
|
||||||
— pasted into a `script/bootstrap`-shaped file that is then executed — not
|
|
||||||
by sourcing it and invoking the function yourself. Driving the function
|
|
||||||
directly tests something the artifact does not do, and it is exactly how a
|
|
||||||
missing call site passes every control while the adopted snippet does
|
|
||||||
nothing.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- When pinning images or packages by hash, add a comment above the reference
|
- When pinning images or packages by hash, add a comment above the reference
|
||||||
with the version and date (YYYY-MM-DD).
|
with the version and date (YYYY-MM-DD).
|
||||||
@@ -526,76 +121,12 @@ style conventions are in separate documents:
|
|||||||
- Dockerized web services listen on port 8080 by default, overridable with
|
- Dockerized web services listen on port 8080 by default, overridable with
|
||||||
`PORT`.
|
`PORT`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- **HTTP/web services must be hardened for production internet exposure before
|
|
||||||
tagging 1.0.** This means full compliance with security best practices
|
|
||||||
including, without limitation, all of the following:
|
|
||||||
- **Security headers** on every response:
|
|
||||||
- `Strict-Transport-Security` (HSTS) with `max-age` of at least one year
|
|
||||||
and `includeSubDomains`.
|
|
||||||
- `Content-Security-Policy` (CSP) with a restrictive default policy
|
|
||||||
(`default-src 'self'` as a baseline, tightened per-resource as
|
|
||||||
needed). Never use `unsafe-inline` or `unsafe-eval` unless
|
|
||||||
unavoidable, and document the reason.
|
|
||||||
- `X-Frame-Options: DENY` (or `SAMEORIGIN` if framing is required).
|
|
||||||
Prefer the `frame-ancestors` CSP directive as the primary control.
|
|
||||||
- `X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff`.
|
|
||||||
- `Referrer-Policy: strict-origin-when-cross-origin` (or stricter).
|
|
||||||
- `Permissions-Policy` restricting access to browser features the
|
|
||||||
application does not use (camera, microphone, geolocation, etc.).
|
|
||||||
- **Request and response limits:**
|
|
||||||
- Maximum request body size enforced on all endpoints (e.g. Go
|
|
||||||
`http.MaxBytesReader`). Choose a sane default per-route; never accept
|
|
||||||
unbounded input.
|
|
||||||
- Maximum response body size where applicable (e.g. paginated APIs).
|
|
||||||
- `ReadTimeout` and `ReadHeaderTimeout` on the `http.Server` to defend
|
|
||||||
against slowloris attacks.
|
|
||||||
- `WriteTimeout` on the `http.Server`.
|
|
||||||
- `IdleTimeout` on the `http.Server`.
|
|
||||||
- Per-handler execution time limits via `context.WithTimeout` or
|
|
||||||
chi/stdlib `middleware.Timeout`.
|
|
||||||
- **Authentication and session security:**
|
|
||||||
- Rate limiting on password-based authentication endpoints. API keys are
|
|
||||||
high-entropy and not susceptible to brute force, so they are exempt.
|
|
||||||
- CSRF tokens on all state-mutating HTML forms. API endpoints
|
|
||||||
authenticated via `Authorization` header (Bearer token, API key) are
|
|
||||||
exempt because the browser does not attach these automatically.
|
|
||||||
- Passwords stored using bcrypt, scrypt, or argon2 — never plain-text,
|
|
||||||
MD5, or SHA.
|
|
||||||
- Session cookies set with `HttpOnly`, `Secure`, and `SameSite=Lax` (or
|
|
||||||
`Strict`) attributes.
|
|
||||||
- **Reverse proxy awareness:**
|
|
||||||
- True client IP detection when behind a reverse proxy
|
|
||||||
(`X-Forwarded-For`, `X-Real-IP`). The application must accept
|
|
||||||
forwarded headers only from a configured set of trusted proxy
|
|
||||||
addresses — never trust `X-Forwarded-For` unconditionally.
|
|
||||||
- **CORS:**
|
|
||||||
- Authenticated endpoints must restrict `Access-Control-Allow-Origin` to
|
|
||||||
an explicit allowlist of known origins. Wildcard (`*`) is acceptable
|
|
||||||
only for public, unauthenticated read-only APIs.
|
|
||||||
- **Error handling:**
|
|
||||||
- Internal errors must never leak stack traces, SQL queries, file paths,
|
|
||||||
or other implementation details to the client. Return generic error
|
|
||||||
messages in production; detailed errors only when `DEBUG` is enabled.
|
|
||||||
- **TLS:**
|
|
||||||
- Services never terminate TLS directly. They are always deployed behind
|
|
||||||
a TLS-terminating reverse proxy. The service itself listens on plain
|
|
||||||
HTTP. However, HSTS headers and `Secure` cookie flags must still be
|
|
||||||
set by the application so that the browser enforces HTTPS end-to-end.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This list is non-exhaustive. Apply defense-in-depth: if a standard security
|
|
||||||
hardening measure exists for HTTP services and is not listed here, it is
|
|
||||||
still expected. When in doubt, harden.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- `README.md` is the primary documentation. Required sections:
|
- `README.md` is the primary documentation. Required sections:
|
||||||
- **Description**: First line must include the project name, purpose,
|
- **Description**: First line must include the project name, purpose,
|
||||||
category (web server, SPA, CLI tool, etc.), license, and author. Example:
|
category (web server, SPA, CLI tool, etc.), license, and author. Example:
|
||||||
"µPaaS is an MIT-licensed Go web application by @sneak that receives
|
"µPaaS is an MIT-licensed Go web application by @sneak that receives
|
||||||
git-frontend webhooks and deploys applications via Docker in realtime."
|
git-frontend webhooks and deploys applications via Docker in realtime."
|
||||||
- **Getting Started**: Copy-pasteable install/usage code block.
|
- **Getting Started**: Copy-pasteable install/usage code block.
|
||||||
- **Entrypoints**: Opens by stating that the repo adheres to the
|
|
||||||
[Scripts to Rule Them All](https://github.com/github/scripts-to-rule-them-all)
|
|
||||||
standard (with that link), then documents each provided `script/`
|
|
||||||
entrypoint and its purpose.
|
|
||||||
- **Rationale**: Why does this exist?
|
- **Rationale**: Why does this exist?
|
||||||
- **Design**: How is the program structured?
|
- **Design**: How is the program structured?
|
||||||
- **TODO**: Update meticulously, even between commits. When planning, put
|
- **TODO**: Update meticulously, even between commits. When planning, put
|
||||||
@@ -650,9 +181,6 @@ style conventions are in separate documents:
|
|||||||
- `README.md`, `.git`, `.gitignore`, `.editorconfig`
|
- `README.md`, `.git`, `.gitignore`, `.editorconfig`
|
||||||
- `LICENSE`, `REPO_POLICIES.md` (copy from the `prompts` repo)
|
- `LICENSE`, `REPO_POLICIES.md` (copy from the `prompts` repo)
|
||||||
- `Makefile`
|
- `Makefile`
|
||||||
- `script/` entrypoints (`bootstrap`, `setup`, `projectname`, `test`,
|
|
||||||
`lint`, `fmt`, `fmt-check`, `check`, `docker`, `cibuild`, `precommit`,
|
|
||||||
`install-precommit`)
|
|
||||||
- `Dockerfile`, `.dockerignore`
|
- `Dockerfile`, `.dockerignore`
|
||||||
- `.gitea/workflows/check.yml`
|
- `.gitea/workflows/check.yml`
|
||||||
- Go: `go.mod`, `go.sum`, `.golangci.yml`
|
- Go: `go.mod`, `go.sum`, `.golangci.yml`
|
||||||
|
|||||||
136
script/bootstrap
136
script/bootstrap
@@ -1,136 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
#!/bin/sh
|
|
||||||
# script/bootstrap: install all dependencies needed to build and develop
|
|
||||||
# this repo. Idempotent: every install is guarded by a check so already
|
|
||||||
# installed tools are skipped. Base tooling comes from nix, apt, brew,
|
|
||||||
# or apk (detected in that order); assumes nothing is present. Node is
|
|
||||||
# used directly if installed; otherwise it is installed at a pinned
|
|
||||||
# version via nvm (installing nvm itself first, from a hash-verified
|
|
||||||
# release archive, never curl | sh).
|
|
||||||
set -eu
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
ROOT="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")/.." && pwd -P)"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Pinned versions, 2026-07-06
|
|
||||||
NODE_VERSION="22.17.0"
|
|
||||||
NVM_VERSION="0.40.3"
|
|
||||||
# sha256 of https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm/archive/refs/tags/v0.40.3.tar.gz
|
|
||||||
NVM_SHA256="5f4d6aaa04a177dc93c985e31dbc411ab6b8c6e1e21d8015dbc1372625fcd1d0"
|
|
||||||
YARN_VERSION="1.22.22"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
PKGMGR=""
|
|
||||||
SUDO=""
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
detect_pkgmgr() {
|
|
||||||
[ -n "$PKGMGR" ] && return 0
|
|
||||||
if command -v nix-env >/dev/null 2>&1; then
|
|
||||||
PKGMGR="nix"
|
|
||||||
elif command -v apt-get >/dev/null 2>&1; then
|
|
||||||
PKGMGR="apt"
|
|
||||||
elif command -v brew >/dev/null 2>&1; then
|
|
||||||
PKGMGR="brew"
|
|
||||||
elif command -v apk >/dev/null 2>&1; then
|
|
||||||
PKGMGR="apk"
|
|
||||||
else
|
|
||||||
echo "bootstrap: no supported package manager (nix, apt, brew, apk)" >&2
|
|
||||||
exit 1
|
|
||||||
fi
|
|
||||||
if [ "$PKGMGR" = "apt" ]; then
|
|
||||||
export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
|
|
||||||
if [ "$(id -u)" != "0" ]; then
|
|
||||||
SUDO="sudo"
|
|
||||||
fi
|
|
||||||
fi
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# pkg_install <nix-attr> <apt-pkg> <brew-formula> <apk-pkg>
|
|
||||||
pkg_install() {
|
|
||||||
detect_pkgmgr
|
|
||||||
case "$PKGMGR" in
|
|
||||||
nix) nix-env -iA "nixpkgs.$1" ;;
|
|
||||||
apt) $SUDO env DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y "$2" ;;
|
|
||||||
brew) brew install "$3" ;;
|
|
||||||
apk) apk add --no-cache "$4" ;;
|
|
||||||
esac
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
missing() {
|
|
||||||
! command -v "$1" >/dev/null 2>&1
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# verify_sha256 <file> <expected-hash>
|
|
||||||
verify_sha256() {
|
|
||||||
if command -v sha256sum >/dev/null 2>&1; then
|
|
||||||
actual="$(sha256sum "$1" | cut -d' ' -f1)"
|
|
||||||
else
|
|
||||||
actual="$(shasum -a 256 "$1" | cut -d' ' -f1)"
|
|
||||||
fi
|
|
||||||
if [ "$actual" != "$2" ]; then
|
|
||||||
echo "bootstrap: sha256 mismatch for $1" >&2
|
|
||||||
echo " expected: $2" >&2
|
|
||||||
echo " actual: $actual" >&2
|
|
||||||
exit 1
|
|
||||||
fi
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# nvm is a bash script; run a command in a bash with nvm loaded
|
|
||||||
nvm_sh() {
|
|
||||||
bash -c ". \"\$HOME/.nvm/nvm.sh\" && $*"
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
ensure_nvm() {
|
|
||||||
[ -s "$HOME/.nvm/nvm.sh" ] && return 0
|
|
||||||
# nvm prerequisites; nvm itself requires bash
|
|
||||||
if missing bash; then pkg_install bash bash bash bash; fi
|
|
||||||
if missing curl; then pkg_install curl curl curl curl; fi
|
|
||||||
if missing git; then pkg_install git git git git; fi
|
|
||||||
tmp="$(mktemp -d)"
|
|
||||||
curl -fsSL -o "$tmp/nvm.tar.gz" \
|
|
||||||
"https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm/archive/refs/tags/v${NVM_VERSION}.tar.gz"
|
|
||||||
verify_sha256 "$tmp/nvm.tar.gz" "$NVM_SHA256"
|
|
||||||
mkdir -p "$HOME/.nvm"
|
|
||||||
tar -xzf "$tmp/nvm.tar.gz" -C "$HOME/.nvm" --strip-components=1
|
|
||||||
rm -rf "$tmp"
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
ensure_node() {
|
|
||||||
if ! missing node; then return 0; fi
|
|
||||||
ensure_nvm
|
|
||||||
nvm_sh "nvm install $NODE_VERSION"
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
ensure_yarn() {
|
|
||||||
if ! missing yarn; then return 0; fi
|
|
||||||
if ! missing corepack; then
|
|
||||||
corepack enable
|
|
||||||
corepack prepare "yarn@$YARN_VERSION" --activate
|
|
||||||
elif [ -s "$HOME/.nvm/nvm.sh" ]; then
|
|
||||||
nvm_sh "nvm use $NODE_VERSION >/dev/null && corepack enable && \
|
|
||||||
corepack prepare yarn@$YARN_VERSION --activate"
|
|
||||||
else
|
|
||||||
npm install -g "yarn@$YARN_VERSION"
|
|
||||||
fi
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
install_js_deps() {
|
|
||||||
if missing yarn && [ -s "$HOME/.nvm/nvm.sh" ]; then
|
|
||||||
nvm_sh "nvm use $NODE_VERSION >/dev/null && cd \"$ROOT\" && \
|
|
||||||
yarn install --frozen-lockfile"
|
|
||||||
else
|
|
||||||
yarn install --frozen-lockfile
|
|
||||||
fi
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
main() {
|
|
||||||
cd "$ROOT"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
if missing make; then pkg_install gnumake make make make; fi
|
|
||||||
if missing git; then pkg_install git git git git; fi
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
ensure_node
|
|
||||||
ensure_yarn
|
|
||||||
install_js_deps
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
echo "bootstrap complete"
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
main "$@"
|
|
||||||
14
script/check
14
script/check
@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
#!/bin/sh
|
|
||||||
# script/check: run all checks (test, lint, fmt-check). Our own
|
|
||||||
# extension to scripts-to-rule-them-all. Must not modify any files.
|
|
||||||
set -eu
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd -P)"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
main() {
|
|
||||||
"$SCRIPT_DIR/test"
|
|
||||||
"$SCRIPT_DIR/lint"
|
|
||||||
"$SCRIPT_DIR/fmt-check"
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
main "$@"
|
|
||||||
@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
#!/bin/sh
|
|
||||||
# script/cibuild: run the CI build. The Dockerfile runs script/check, but
|
|
||||||
# that only proves anything because CHECK_EPOCH is a fresh nonce on every
|
|
||||||
# invocation: without it Docker serves the check layer from cache on an
|
|
||||||
# unchanged tree and the build exits 0 without running the suite.
|
|
||||||
set -eu
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
ROOT="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")/.." && pwd -P)"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
main() {
|
|
||||||
cd "$ROOT"
|
|
||||||
# Assign on its own line: a failing command substitution inside an
|
|
||||||
# argument does not trip `set -e`, which would silently degrade the
|
|
||||||
# nonce to an empty constant. `$$` is required because busybox `date`
|
|
||||||
# drops %N without erroring.
|
|
||||||
epoch="$(date +%s%N)$$"
|
|
||||||
docker build --build-arg CHECK_EPOCH="$epoch" .
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
main "$@"
|
|
||||||
@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
#!/bin/sh
|
|
||||||
# script/docker: build the Docker image tagged with the project name.
|
|
||||||
# Identical in all repos; the tag comes from script/projectname. The
|
|
||||||
# Dockerfile's checks only actually run because CHECK_EPOCH is a fresh
|
|
||||||
# nonce on every invocation; without it a warm cache turns this into a
|
|
||||||
# green that proves nothing.
|
|
||||||
set -eu
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd -P)"
|
|
||||||
ROOT="$(cd "$SCRIPT_DIR/.." && pwd -P)"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
main() {
|
|
||||||
cd "$ROOT"
|
|
||||||
# Assign on its own line: a failing command substitution inside an
|
|
||||||
# argument does not trip `set -e`, which would silently degrade the
|
|
||||||
# nonce to an empty constant. `$$` is required because busybox `date`
|
|
||||||
# drops %N without erroring.
|
|
||||||
epoch="$(date +%s%N)$$"
|
|
||||||
docker build --build-arg CHECK_EPOCH="$epoch" \
|
|
||||||
-t "$("$SCRIPT_DIR/projectname")" .
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
main "$@"
|
|
||||||
12
script/fmt
12
script/fmt
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
#!/bin/sh
|
|
||||||
# script/fmt: format all files (writes).
|
|
||||||
set -eu
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
ROOT="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")/.." && pwd -P)"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
main() {
|
|
||||||
cd "$ROOT"
|
|
||||||
yarn run prettier --write '**/*.md' --tab-width 4 --prose-wrap always
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
main "$@"
|
|
||||||
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
#!/bin/sh
|
|
||||||
# script/fmt-check: check formatting (read-only).
|
|
||||||
set -eu
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
ROOT="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")/.." && pwd -P)"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
main() {
|
|
||||||
cd "$ROOT"
|
|
||||||
yarn run prettier --check '**/*.md' --tab-width 4 --prose-wrap always
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
main "$@"
|
|
||||||
@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
#!/bin/sh
|
|
||||||
# script/install-precommit: install the git pre-commit hook that runs
|
|
||||||
# script/precommit. Our own extension to scripts-to-rule-them-all.
|
|
||||||
set -eu
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
ROOT="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")/.." && pwd -P)"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
main() {
|
|
||||||
cd "$ROOT"
|
|
||||||
hook=".git/hooks/pre-commit"
|
|
||||||
printf '#!/bin/sh\nset -e\nscript/precommit\n' > .git/hooks/pre-commit
|
|
||||||
chmod +x .git/hooks/pre-commit
|
|
||||||
echo "pre-commit hook installed: runs script/precommit"
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
main "$@"
|
|
||||||
13
script/lint
13
script/lint
@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
#!/bin/sh
|
|
||||||
# script/lint: run the linter.
|
|
||||||
set -eu
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
ROOT="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")/.." && pwd -P)"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
main() {
|
|
||||||
cd "$ROOT"
|
|
||||||
echo "Linting markdown files..."
|
|
||||||
yarn run prettier --check '**/*.md' --tab-width 4 --prose-wrap always
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
main "$@"
|
|
||||||
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
#!/bin/sh
|
|
||||||
# script/precommit: run by the git pre-commit hook; fails the commit if
|
|
||||||
# checks fail. Our own extension to scripts-to-rule-them-all.
|
|
||||||
set -eu
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd -P)"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
main() {
|
|
||||||
"$SCRIPT_DIR/check"
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
main "$@"
|
|
||||||
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
#!/bin/sh
|
|
||||||
# script/projectname: output the name of this project. Our own
|
|
||||||
# extension to scripts-to-rule-them-all. Other scripts that need the
|
|
||||||
# name (e.g. script/docker) call this, so they can stay identical
|
|
||||||
# across all repos.
|
|
||||||
set -eu
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
main() {
|
|
||||||
echo "prompts"
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
main "$@"
|
|
||||||
13
script/setup
13
script/setup
@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
#!/bin/sh
|
|
||||||
# script/setup: set up the repo for development after a fresh clone:
|
|
||||||
# installs dependencies and the git pre-commit hook.
|
|
||||||
set -eu
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd -P)"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
main() {
|
|
||||||
"$SCRIPT_DIR/bootstrap"
|
|
||||||
"$SCRIPT_DIR/install-precommit"
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
main "$@"
|
|
||||||
12
script/test
12
script/test
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
#!/bin/sh
|
|
||||||
# script/test: run the test suite.
|
|
||||||
set -eu
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
ROOT="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")/.." && pwd -P)"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
main() {
|
|
||||||
cd "$ROOT"
|
|
||||||
echo "No tests defined."
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
main "$@"
|
|
||||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user