Move backend Dockerfile to repo root for git access

Place the backend Dockerfile at repo root as Dockerfile.backend so
the build context includes .git, giving git describe access for
version stamping. Fix .gitignore pattern to anchor /netwatch-server
so it does not exclude cmd/netwatch-server/. Remove .git from
.dockerignore. Update CI workflow and backend Makefile docker target.

Dockerfile.backend

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# golang:1.25-alpine (2026-02-27)
+FROM golang:1.25-alpine@sha256:f6751d823c26342f9506c03797d2527668d095b0a15f1862cddb4d927a7a4ced AS builder
+
+RUN apk add --no-cache git make gcc musl-dev
+
+# golangci-lint v2.7.2 (2026-02-27)
+RUN CGO_ENABLED=0 go install github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/v2/cmd/golangci-lint@9f61b0f53f80672872fced07b6874397c3ed197b
+
+WORKDIR /repo/backend
+COPY backend/go.mod backend/go.sum ./
+RUN go mod download
+COPY .git /repo/.git
+COPY backend/ .
+
+RUN make check
+RUN make build
+
+# alpine:3.23 (2026-02-27)
+FROM alpine:3.23@sha256:25109184c71bdad752c8312a8623239686a9a2071e8825f20acb8f2198c3f659
+
+RUN apk add --no-cache ca-certificates
+COPY --from=builder /repo/backend/netwatch-server /usr/local/bin/netwatch-server
+
+EXPOSE 8080
+ENTRYPOINT ["netwatch-server"]