Rewrite schema/README.md sentence by sentence

Rewrite the description of the JSON Schema files from scratch, without tables. Describe the fields of a message as the HTTP API sends them: the reply name in `command` and its number in `code`. Drop the federation section, which describes nothing the server does. List each place where a schema file disagrees with the HTTP API, so that a reader is not misled. The files themselves are unchanged. Part of #190. Model: fable-5-1 (writing); opus-5-5 (rework)
2026-10-27 14:58:22 +00:00
44 changed files with 487 additions and 2464 deletions
@@ -643,10 +643,8 @@ Send a message to a channel or user. This is the primary messaging command.
  message echoed back via the queue).
 - If `to` is a bare nick, the message is a DM. The server fans out to the
  recipient and the sender (so all of the sender's clients see the DM).
- A `body` that is not an array of strings, or a `meta` that is not an object,
-  gets HTTP 400 `invalid request body`, and nothing is relayed. A missing or
-  empty `body` gets ERR_NOTEXTTOSEND (412). A missing `to` gets ERR_NORECIPIENT
-  (411).
+- `body` must be a non-empty array of strings; otherwise the server sends
+  ERR_NOTEXTTOSEND (412). A missing `to` gets ERR_NORECIPIENT (411).
 - Only channel members can send to a channel. A non-member, a banned user, and
  on a `+m` channel a user with neither `+o` nor `+v`, get ERR_CANNOTSENDTOCHAN
  (404).
@@ -1238,7 +1236,7 @@ IRC listener sends the usual 3-digit code. Over the HTTP API, 005 arrives named
 | `001` | RPL_WELCOME          | After session creation or login, on MOTD | `{"command":"RPL_WELCOME","code":1,"to":"alice","body":["Welcome to the network, alice"]}`                                                                                                                   |
 | `002` | RPL_YOURHOST         | After session creation or login, on MOTD | `{"command":"RPL_YOURHOST","code":2,"to":"alice","body":["Your host is neoirc, running version 0.1"]}`                                                                                                       |
 | `003` | RPL_CREATED          | After session creation or login, on MOTD | `{"command":"RPL_CREATED","code":3,"to":"alice","body":["This server was created 2026-02-10"]}`                                                                                                              |
-| `004` | RPL_MYINFO           | After session creation or login, on MOTD | `{"command":"RPL_MYINFO","code":4,"to":"alice","params":["neoirc","0.1","ow","Hbiklmnostv"]}`                                                                                                                |
+| `004` | RPL_MYINFO           | After session creation or login, on MOTD | `{"command":"RPL_MYINFO","code":4,"to":"alice","params":["neoirc","0.1","","ikmnostl"]}`                                                                                                                     |
 | `005` | RPL_ISUPPORT         | After session creation or login, on MOTD | `{"command":"RPL_BOUNCE","code":5,"to":"alice","params":["CHANTYPES=#","NICKLEN=32","PREFIX=(ov)@+","CHANMODES=b,k,Hl,imnst","NETWORK=neoirc","CASEMAPPING=ascii"],"body":["are supported by this server"]}` |
 | `221` | RPL_UMODEIS          | In response to user MODE                 | `{"command":"RPL_UMODEIS","code":221,"to":"alice","body":["+"]}`                                                                                                                                             |
 | `251` | RPL_LUSERCLIENT      | On connect, MOTD or LUSERS               | `{"command":"RPL_LUSERCLIENT","code":251,"to":"alice","body":["There are 5 users and 0 invisible on 1 servers"]}`                                                                                            |
@@ -1751,15 +1749,14 @@ command). **Numeric replies**, for success and for errors, are delivered through
 the message queue (see [Numeric Reply Codes](#numeric-reply-codes-s2c-only)); a
 command that has none, such as a successful `PRIVMSG`, is answered by the HTTP
 response alone, and `PING`'s `PONG` is the HTTP response body. HTTP error codes
-(4xx/5xx) are reserved for transport-level problems: a malformed request (400),
+(4xx/5xx) are reserved for transport-level problems: malformed JSON (400),
 missing/invalid auth cookies (401), and server errors (500).

 **HTTP errors (transport-level only):**

 | Status | Error                  | When                                                    |
-| ------ | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| ------ | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------- |
 | 400    | `invalid request body` | Malformed JSON, or a body over `MAX_MESSAGE_SIZE` bytes |
-| 400    | `invalid request body` | A `PRIVMSG` or `NOTICE` whose `body` is not an array of strings, or whose `meta` is not an object |
 | 400    | `command required`     | Empty command                                           |
 | 401    | `not registered`       | Missing or invalid auth cookie                          |
 | 500    | `internal error`       | Server-side failure                                     |
@@ -34,30 +34,13 @@ type App struct {

 // Run creates and runs the CLI application.
 func Run() {
-	err := run(NewUI())
-	if err != nil {
-		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "Error: %v\n", err)
-		os.Exit(1)
-	}
-}
-
-// run starts the client on ui and returns when ui stops. Tests
-// call it with ui on a simulation screen.
-func run(ui *UI) error {
 	app := &App{ //nolint:exhaustruct
-		ui:   ui,
+		ui:   NewUI(),
 		nick: "guest",
 	}

 	app.ui.OnInput(app.handleInput)
-
-	// SetStatus and AddStatus wait for the event loop, which
-	// app.ui.Run starts below, so they run on a goroutine. The
-	// nick is read first, as a typed /nick may change app.nick.
-	nick := app.nick
-
-	go func() {
-		app.ui.SetStatus(nick, "", "disconnected")
+	app.ui.SetStatus(app.nick, "", "disconnected")

 	app.ui.AddStatus(
 		"Welcome to neoirc-cli — an IRC-style client",
@@ -67,9 +50,12 @@ func run(ui *UI) error {
 			"[white] to begin, " +
 			"or [yellow]/help[white] for commands",
 	)
-	}()

-	return app.ui.Run()
+	err := app.ui.Run()
+	if err != nil {
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "Error: %v\n", err)
+		os.Exit(1)
+	}
 }

 func (a *App) handleInput(text string) {
@@ -108,7 +94,7 @@ func (a *App) handleInput(text string) {
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		a.ui.AddStatus(
-			"[red]Send error: " + escape(err.Error()),
+			"[red]Send error: " + err.Error(),
 		)
 	}
 }
@@ -166,7 +152,7 @@ func (a *App) dispatchInfoCommand(cmd, args string) {
 		a.cmdWhois(args)
 	default:
 		a.ui.AddStatus(
-			"[red]Unknown command: " + escape(cmd),
+			"[red]Unknown command: " + cmd,
 		)
 	}
 }
@@ -182,7 +168,7 @@ func (a *App) cmdConnect(serverURL string) {

 	serverURL = strings.TrimRight(serverURL, "/")

-	a.ui.AddStatus("Connecting to " + escape(serverURL) + "...")
+	a.ui.AddStatus("Connecting to " + serverURL + "...")

 	a.mu.Lock()
 	nick := a.nick
@@ -192,37 +178,29 @@ func (a *App) cmdConnect(serverURL string) {

 	resp, err := client.CreateSession(nick)
 	if err != nil {
-		a.ui.AddStatus(
-			"[red]Connection failed: " + escape(err.Error()),
-		)
+		a.ui.AddStatus(fmt.Sprintf(
+			"[red]Connection failed: %v", err,
+		))

 		return
 	}

-	// The poll loop of an earlier connection is stopped in the same
-	// step that replaces the client, so it never polls with the new
-	// one.
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	a.client = client
 	a.nick = resp.Nick
 	a.connected = true
 	a.lastQID = 0
-
-	if a.stopPoll != nil {
-		close(a.stopPoll)
-	}
-
-	stop := make(chan struct{})
-	a.stopPoll = stop
 	a.mu.Unlock()

 	a.ui.AddStatus(fmt.Sprintf(
 		"[green]Connected! Nick: %s, Session: %d",
-		escape(resp.Nick), resp.ID,
+		resp.Nick, resp.ID,
 	))
 	a.ui.SetStatus(resp.Nick, "", "connected")

-	go a.pollLoop(stop)
+	a.stopPoll = make(chan struct{})
+
+	go a.pollLoop()
 }

 func (a *App) cmdNick(nick string) {
@@ -244,7 +222,7 @@ func (a *App) cmdNick(nick string) {
 		a.mu.Unlock()

 		a.ui.AddStatus(
-			"Nick set to " + escape(nick) +
+			"Nick set to " + nick +
 				" (will be used on connect)",
 		)

@@ -256,9 +234,9 @@ func (a *App) cmdNick(nick string) {
 		Body:    []string{nick},
 	})
 	if err != nil {
-		a.ui.AddStatus(
-			"[red]Nick change failed: " + escape(err.Error()),
-		)
+		a.ui.AddStatus(fmt.Sprintf(
+			"[red]Nick change failed: %v", err,
+		))

 		return
 	}
@@ -269,7 +247,7 @@ func (a *App) cmdNick(nick string) {
 	a.mu.Unlock()

 	a.ui.SetStatus(nick, target, "connected")
-	a.ui.AddStatus("Nick changed to " + escape(nick))
+	a.ui.AddStatus("Nick changed to " + nick)
 }

 func (a *App) cmdJoin(channel string) {
@@ -297,9 +275,9 @@ func (a *App) cmdJoin(channel string) {

 	err := a.client.JoinChannel(channel)
 	if err != nil {
-		a.ui.AddStatus(
-			"[red]Join failed: " + escape(err.Error()),
-		)
+		a.ui.AddStatus(fmt.Sprintf(
+			"[red]Join failed: %v", err,
+		))

 		return
 	}
@@ -337,9 +315,9 @@ func (a *App) cmdPart(channel string) {

 	err := a.client.PartChannel(channel)
 	if err != nil {
-		a.ui.AddStatus(
-			"[red]Part failed: " + escape(err.Error()),
-		)
+		a.ui.AddStatus(fmt.Sprintf(
+			"[red]Part failed: %v", err,
+		))

 		return
 	}
@@ -384,9 +362,9 @@ func (a *App) cmdMsg(args string) {
 		Body:    []string{text},
 	})
 	if err != nil {
-		a.ui.AddStatus(
-			"[red]Send failed: " + escape(err.Error()),
-		)
+		a.ui.AddStatus(fmt.Sprintf(
+			"[red]Send failed: %v", err,
+		))
 	}
 }

@@ -402,16 +380,10 @@ func (a *App) cmdQuery(nick string) {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	a.target = nick
 	myNick := a.nick
-	connected := a.connected
 	a.mu.Unlock()

-	connStatus := "disconnected"
-	if connected {
-		connStatus = "connected"
-	}
-
 	a.ui.SwitchToBuffer(nick)
-	a.ui.SetStatus(myNick, nick, connStatus)
+	a.ui.SetStatus(myNick, nick, "connected")
 }

 func (a *App) cmdTopic(args string) {
@@ -445,9 +417,9 @@ func (a *App) cmdTopic(args string) {
 		Body:    []string{args},
 	})
 	if err != nil {
-		a.ui.AddStatus(
-			"[red]Topic set failed: " + escape(err.Error()),
-		)
+		a.ui.AddStatus(fmt.Sprintf(
+			"[red]Topic set failed: %v", err,
+		))
 	}
 }

@@ -471,9 +443,9 @@ func (a *App) cmdNames() {

 	members, err := a.client.GetMembers(target)
 	if err != nil {
-		a.ui.AddStatus(
-			"[red]Names failed: " + escape(err.Error()),
-		)
+		a.ui.AddStatus(fmt.Sprintf(
+			"[red]Names failed: %v", err,
+		))

 		return
 	}
@@ -486,7 +458,7 @@ func (a *App) cmdNames() {

 	a.ui.AddLine(target, fmt.Sprintf(
 		"[cyan]*** Members of %s: %s",
-		escape(target), escape(strings.Join(nicks, " ")),
+		target, strings.Join(nicks, " "),
 	))
 }

@@ -517,9 +489,9 @@ func (a *App) cmdList() {

 	channels, err := a.client.ListChannels()
 	if err != nil {
-		a.ui.AddStatus(
-			"[red]List failed: " + escape(err.Error()),
-		)
+		a.ui.AddStatus(fmt.Sprintf(
+			"[red]List failed: %v", err,
+		))

 		return
 	}
@@ -528,7 +500,7 @@ func (a *App) cmdList() {

 	for _, ch := range channels {
 		a.ui.AddStatus(fmt.Sprintf(
-			"  %s %s", escape(ch.Name), escape(ch.Topic),
+			"  %s %s", ch.Name, ch.Topic,
 		))
 	}

@@ -550,9 +522,9 @@ func (a *App) cmdMotd() {
 		&api.Message{Command: irc.CmdMotd}, //nolint:exhaustruct
 	)
 	if err != nil {
-		a.ui.AddStatus(
-			"[red]MOTD failed: " + escape(err.Error()),
-		)
+		a.ui.AddStatus(fmt.Sprintf(
+			"[red]MOTD failed: %v", err,
+		))
 	}
 }

@@ -588,9 +560,9 @@ func (a *App) cmdWho(args string) {
 		},
 	)
 	if err != nil {
-		a.ui.AddStatus(
-			"[red]WHO failed: " + escape(err.Error()),
-		)
+		a.ui.AddStatus(fmt.Sprintf(
+			"[red]WHO failed: %v", err,
+		))
 	}
 }

@@ -619,9 +591,9 @@ func (a *App) cmdWhois(args string) {
 		},
 	)
 	if err != nil {
-		a.ui.AddStatus(
-			"[red]WHOIS failed: " + escape(err.Error()),
-		)
+		a.ui.AddStatus(fmt.Sprintf(
+			"[red]WHOIS failed: %v", err,
+		))
 	}
 }

@@ -638,37 +610,24 @@ func (a *App) cmdWindow(args string) {

 	_, _ = fmt.Sscanf(args, "%d", &bufIndex)

-	a.mu.Lock()
-	nick := a.nick
-	connected := a.connected
-	a.mu.Unlock()
-
-	connStatus := "disconnected"
-	if connected {
-		connStatus = "connected"
-	}
-
-	// Read the name before switching. A message from the server can
-	// add a buffer at any time, but only at the end, so bufIndex
-	// still names this buffer when SwitchBuffer runs.
-	name, found := a.ui.BufferName(bufIndex)
-	if found {
 	a.ui.SwitchBuffer(bufIndex)

-		if name != "(status)" {
 	a.mu.Lock()
-			a.target = name
+	nick := a.nick
+	a.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if bufIndex >= 0 && bufIndex < a.ui.BufferCount() {
+		buf := a.ui.buffers[bufIndex]
+		if buf.Name != "(status)" {
+			a.mu.Lock()
+			a.target = buf.Name
 			a.mu.Unlock()

 			a.ui.SetStatus(
-				nick, name, connStatus,
+				nick, buf.Name, "connected",
 			)
 		} else {
-			a.mu.Lock()
-			a.target = ""
-			a.mu.Unlock()
-
-			a.ui.SetStatus(nick, "", connStatus)
+			a.ui.SetStatus(nick, "", "connected")
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -716,23 +675,16 @@ func (a *App) cmdHelp() {
 	}
 }

-// pollLoop long-polls for messages in the background until stop is
-// closed. A later /connect closes stop under a.mu as it replaces the
-// client and the cursor, so the loop checks stop under a.mu too. A
-// stopped loop then neither polls with the new client nor moves the
-// new cursor.
-func (a *App) pollLoop(stop <-chan struct{}) {
+// pollLoop long-polls for messages in the background.
+func (a *App) pollLoop() {
 	for {
-		a.mu.Lock()
-
 		select {
-		case <-stop:
-			a.mu.Unlock()
-
+		case <-a.stopPoll:
 			return
 		default:
 		}

+		a.mu.Lock()
 		client := a.client
 		lastQID := a.lastQID
 		a.mu.Unlock()
@@ -750,23 +702,11 @@ func (a *App) pollLoop(stop <-chan struct{}) {
 			continue
 		}

-		// A poll sent before stop was closed answers for the earlier
-		// connection.
-		a.mu.Lock()
-
-		select {
-		case <-stop:
-			a.mu.Unlock()
-
-			return
-		default:
-		}
-
 		if result.LastID > 0 {
+			a.mu.Lock()
 			a.lastQID = result.LastID
-		}
-
 			a.mu.Unlock()
+		}

 		for i := range result.Messages {
 			a.handleServerMessage(&result.Messages[i])
@@ -824,7 +764,7 @@ func (a *App) handlePrivmsgEvent(

 	a.ui.AddLine(target, fmt.Sprintf(
 		"[gray]%s [green]<%s>[white] %s",
-		timestamp, escape(msg.From), escape(text),
+		timestamp, msg.From, text,
 	))
 }

@@ -837,7 +777,7 @@ func (a *App) handleJoinEvent(

 	a.ui.AddLine(msg.To, fmt.Sprintf(
 		"[gray]%s [yellow]*** %s has joined %s",
-		timestamp, escape(msg.From), escape(msg.To),
+		timestamp, msg.From, msg.To,
 	))
 }

@@ -856,11 +796,11 @@ func (a *App) handlePartEvent(

 	line := fmt.Sprintf(
 		"[gray]%s [yellow]*** %s has left %s",
-		timestamp, escape(msg.From), escape(msg.To),
+		timestamp, msg.From, msg.To,
 	)

 	if reason != "" {
-		line += " (" + escape(reason) + ")"
+		line += " (" + reason + ")"
 	}

 	if msg.From == myNick {
@@ -881,12 +821,12 @@ func (a *App) handleQuitEvent(
 	if reason != "" {
 		a.ui.AddStatus(fmt.Sprintf(
 			"[gray]%s [yellow]*** %s has quit (%s)",
-			timestamp, escape(msg.From), escape(reason),
+			timestamp, msg.From, reason,
 		))
 	} else {
 		a.ui.AddStatus(fmt.Sprintf(
 			"[gray]%s [yellow]*** %s has quit",
-			timestamp, escape(msg.From),
+			timestamp, msg.From,
 		))
 	}
 }
@@ -913,7 +853,7 @@ func (a *App) handleNickEvent(

 	a.ui.AddStatus(fmt.Sprintf(
 		"[gray]%s [yellow]*** %s is now known as %s",
-		timestamp, escape(msg.From), escape(newNick),
+		timestamp, msg.From, newNick,
 	))
 }

@@ -925,7 +865,7 @@ func (a *App) handleNoticeEvent(

 	a.ui.AddStatus(fmt.Sprintf(
 		"[gray]%s [magenta]--%s-- %s",
-		timestamp, escape(msg.From), escape(text),
+		timestamp, msg.From, text,
 	))
 }

@@ -941,7 +881,7 @@ func (a *App) handleTopicEvent(

 	a.ui.AddLine(msg.To, fmt.Sprintf(
 		"[gray]%s [cyan]*** %s set topic: %s",
-		timestamp, escape(msg.From), escape(text),
+		timestamp, msg.From, text,
 	))
 }

@@ -951,12 +891,10 @@ func (a *App) handleDefaultEvent(
 	lines := msg.BodyLines()
 	text := strings.Join(lines, " ")

-	// The brackets around the command are escaped with it, as tview
-	// reads a command such as "[MODE]" as a tag.
 	if text != "" {
 		a.ui.AddStatus(fmt.Sprintf(
-			"[gray]%s [white]%s %s",
-			timestamp, escape("["+msg.Command+"]"), escape(text),
+			"[gray]%s [white][%s] %s",
+			timestamp, msg.Command, text,
 		))
 	}
 }
@@ -16,10 +16,7 @@ type Buffer struct {
 	Unread int
 }

-// UI manages the terminal interface. Most of its methods wait for
-// the tview event loop to run their update. Code that runs on that
-// loop, such as a key handler, must not call them: it would wait
-// for itself.
+// UI manages the terminal interface.
 type UI struct {
 	app       *tview.Application
 	messages  *tview.TextView
@@ -30,17 +27,7 @@ type UI struct {
 	buffers       []*Buffer
 	currentBuffer int

-	// The nick, target and connection state last passed to
-	// SetStatus.
-	nick       string
-	target     string
-	connStatus string
-
 	onInput func(string)
-	// inputDone is closed once the line last passed to onInput
-	// has been handled. Only callOnInput, on the event loop, uses
-	// it.
-	inputDone chan struct{}
 }

 // NewUI creates the tview-based IRC-like UI.
@@ -185,32 +172,13 @@ func (ui *UI) SetStatus(
 	nick, target, connStatus string,
 ) {
 	ui.app.QueueUpdateDraw(func() {
-		ui.nick = nick
-		ui.target = target
-		ui.connStatus = connStatus
-
-		ui.refreshStatusBar()
+		ui.renderStatusBar(nick, target, connStatus)
 	})
 }

-// BufferName returns the name of the buffer at index bufIndex,
-// and whether there is such a buffer.
-func (ui *UI) BufferName(bufIndex int) (string, bool) {
-	var (
-		name  string
-		found bool
-	)
-
-	ui.app.QueueUpdate(func() {
-		if bufIndex < 0 || bufIndex >= len(ui.buffers) {
-			return
-		}
-
-		name = ui.buffers[bufIndex].Name
-		found = true
-	})
-
-	return name, found
+// BufferCount returns the number of buffers.
+func (ui *UI) BufferCount() int {
+	return len(ui.buffers)
 }

 // BufferIndex returns the index of a named buffer.
@@ -235,21 +203,9 @@ func (ui *UI) initMessages() {
 	ui.messages.SetBorder(false)
 }

-// escape returns text so that the message window shows it exactly
-// as written. It writes each "[" as "[[:]": a "[" followed by
-// another "[" never starts a tag, and the tag "[:]" changes
-// nothing. tview.Escape is not enough: it does not escape a bracket
-// pair holding a symbol such as "|" or "^", and nothing it adds
-// stops a tag with a URL, such as "[:::y|z]".
-func escape(text string) string {
-	return strings.ReplaceAll(text, "[", "[[:]")
-}
-
 func (ui *UI) initStatusBar() {
-	// Colour tags stay off. With them on, tview reads text in
-	// square brackets, such as "[connected]" or part of a nick,
-	// as a tag and drops it.
-	ui.statusBar = tview.NewTextView()
+	ui.statusBar = tview.NewTextView().
+		SetDynamicColors(true)
 	ui.statusBar.SetBackgroundColor(tcell.ColorNavy)
 	ui.statusBar.SetTextColor(tcell.ColorWhite)
 }
@@ -270,7 +226,10 @@ func (ui *UI) initInput() {
 		}

 		ui.input.SetText("")
-		ui.callOnInput(text)
+
+		if ui.onInput != nil {
+			ui.onInput(text)
+		}
 	})
 }

@@ -281,11 +240,10 @@ func (ui *UI) initKeyCapture() {
 				return event
 			}

-			// Alt and a digit runs /window with that digit.
-			// SwitchBuffer alone would leave the target as it was.
 			r := event.Rune()
 			if r >= '0' && r <= '9' {
-				ui.callOnInput("/window " + string(r))
+				idx := int(r - '0')
+				ui.SwitchBuffer(idx)

 				return nil
 			}
@@ -295,35 +253,8 @@ func (ui *UI) initKeyCapture() {
 	)
 }

-// callOnInput passes text to the input callback on a new
-// goroutine. The key handlers call it on the event loop, and the
-// callback waits for that loop to update the screen, so they must
-// not wait for the callback. The goroutine first waits for the
-// line before it to be handled, which keeps lines in the order
-// they were typed.
-func (ui *UI) callOnInput(text string) {
-	if ui.onInput == nil {
-		return
-	}
-
-	previous := ui.inputDone
-	done := make(chan struct{})
-	ui.inputDone = done
-
-	go func() {
-		if previous != nil {
-			<-previous
-		}
-
-		ui.onInput(text)
-		close(done)
-	}()
-}
-
-// refreshStatusBar redraws the status bar with the nick, target
-// and connection state last passed to SetStatus.
 func (ui *UI) refreshStatusBar() {
-	ui.renderStatusBar(ui.nick, ui.target, ui.connStatus)
+	// Placeholder; full refresh needs nick/target context.
 }

 func (ui *UI) renderStatusBar(
@@ -3,12 +3,8 @@ package config

 import (
 	"errors"
-	"fmt"
 	"log/slog"
-	"math"
 	"os"
-	"strconv"
-	"time"

 	"github.com/spf13/viper"
 	"go.uber.org/fx"
@@ -32,8 +28,6 @@ Type /help for available commands.`
 const DefaultDBURL = "file:///var/lib/neoirc/state.db" +
 	"?_pragma=journal_mode(WAL)&_pragma=busy_timeout(5000)"

-var errOutOfRange = errors.New("setting out of range")
-
 // Params defines the dependencies for creating a Config.
 type Params struct {
 	fx.In
@@ -69,8 +63,6 @@ type Config struct {
 }

 // New creates a new Config by reading from files and environment variables.
-// It returns an error when a number, true/false or duration setting does
-// not parse or is out of range.
 func New(
 	_ fx.Lifecycle, params Params,
 ) (*Config, error) {
@@ -115,27 +107,29 @@ func New(

 	cfg := &Config{
 		DBURL:              viper.GetString("DBURL"),
+		Debug:              viper.GetBool("DEBUG"),
+		Port:               viper.GetInt("PORT"),
 		SentryDSN:          viper.GetString("SENTRY_DSN"),
+		MaintenanceMode:    viper.GetBool("MAINTENANCE_MODE"),
 		MetricsUsername:    viper.GetString("METRICS_USERNAME"),
 		MetricsPassword:    viper.GetString("METRICS_PASSWORD"),
 		MessageMaxAge:      viper.GetString("MESSAGE_MAX_AGE"),
+		MaxMessageSize:     viper.GetInt("MAX_MESSAGE_SIZE"),
 		QueueMaxAge:        viper.GetString("QUEUE_MAX_AGE"),
 		MOTD:               viper.GetString("MOTD"),
 		ServerName:         viper.GetString("SERVER_NAME"),
 		FederationKey:      viper.GetString("FEDERATION_KEY"),
 		SessionIdleTimeout: viper.GetString("SESSION_IDLE_TIMEOUT"),
+		HashcashBits:       viper.GetInt("NEOIRC_HASHCASH_BITS"),
 		OperName:           viper.GetString("NEOIRC_OPER_NAME"),
 		OperPassword:       viper.GetString("NEOIRC_OPER_PASSWORD"),
+		LoginRateLimit:     viper.GetFloat64("LOGIN_RATE_LIMIT"),
+		LoginRateBurst:     viper.GetInt("LOGIN_RATE_BURST"),
 		IRCListenAddr:      viper.GetString("IRC_LISTEN_ADDR"),
 		log:                log,
 		params:             &params,
 	}

-	err = parseSettings(cfg)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
 	// Viper counts an empty environment variable as unset, but an
 	// empty IRC_LISTEN_ADDR must turn the IRC listener off.
 	ircListenAddr, set := os.LookupEnv("IRC_LISTEN_ADDR")
@@ -150,93 +144,3 @@ func New(

 	return cfg, nil
 }
-
-// parseSettings reads the number and true/false settings into cfg and
-// checks the duration settings. Each number and duration must be above
-// zero. PORT and NEOIRC_HASHCASH_BITS may also be zero: port 0 lets the
-// system pick a port, and 0 bits turns proof of work off. The error
-// names each setting that does not parse or is out of range.
-func parseSettings(cfg *Config) error {
-	return errors.Join(
-		parseInt("PORT", 0, &cfg.Port),
-		parseInt("MAX_MESSAGE_SIZE", 1, &cfg.MaxMessageSize),
-		parseInt("NEOIRC_HASHCASH_BITS", 0, &cfg.HashcashBits),
-		parseInt("LOGIN_RATE_BURST", 1, &cfg.LoginRateBurst),
-		parseFloat("LOGIN_RATE_LIMIT", &cfg.LoginRateLimit),
-		parseBool("DEBUG", &cfg.Debug),
-		parseBool("MAINTENANCE_MODE", &cfg.MaintenanceMode),
-		checkDuration("MESSAGE_MAX_AGE", cfg.MessageMaxAge),
-		checkDuration("QUEUE_MAX_AGE", cfg.QueueMaxAge),
-		checkDuration("SESSION_IDLE_TIMEOUT", cfg.SessionIdleTimeout),
-	)
-}
-
-// parseInt sets *value to the setting key read as a whole number. It
-// returns an error when the value does not parse or is below minimum.
-func parseInt(key string, minimum int, value *int) error {
-	raw := viper.GetString(key)
-
-	parsed, err := strconv.Atoi(raw)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("cannot parse %s: %w", key, err)
-	}
-
-	if parsed < minimum {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s is %s, but must be at least %d",
-			errOutOfRange, key, raw, minimum)
-	}
-
-	*value = parsed
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// parseFloat sets *value to the setting key read as a floating-point
-// number. It returns an error when the value does not parse or is not a
-// finite number above zero.
-func parseFloat(key string, value *float64) error {
-	raw := viper.GetString(key)
-
-	parsed, err := strconv.ParseFloat(raw, 64)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("cannot parse %s: %w", key, err)
-	}
-
-	if math.IsNaN(parsed) || math.IsInf(parsed, 0) || parsed <= 0 {
-		return fmt.Errorf(
-			"%w: %s is %s, but must be a finite number above zero",
-			errOutOfRange, key, raw)
-	}
-
-	*value = parsed
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// parseBool sets *value to the setting key read as true or false.
-func parseBool(key string, value *bool) error {
-	parsed, err := strconv.ParseBool(viper.GetString(key))
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("cannot parse %s: %w", key, err)
-	}
-
-	*value = parsed
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// checkDuration returns an error naming the setting key when value is
-// not a Go duration above zero.
-func checkDuration(key, value string) error {
-	duration, err := time.ParseDuration(value)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("cannot parse %s: %w", key, err)
-	}
-
-	if duration <= 0 {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s is %s, but must be above zero",
-			errOutOfRange, key, value)
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ package config_test

 import (
 	"os"
-	"strings"
 	"testing"
 	"time"

@@ -11,8 +10,7 @@ import (
 	"sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/internal/logger"
 )

-// loadConfig runs config.New and returns its result.
-func loadConfig(t *testing.T) (*config.Config, error) {
+func newConfig(t *testing.T) *config.Config {
 	t.Helper()

 	globs := &globals.Globals{
@@ -26,15 +24,9 @@ func loadConfig(t *testing.T) (*config.Config, error) {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}

-	return config.New(
+	cfg, err := config.New(
 		nil, config.Params{Globals: globs, Logger: log},
 	)
-}
-
-func newConfig(t *testing.T) *config.Config {
-	t.Helper()
-
-	cfg, err := loadConfig(t)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -42,145 +34,6 @@ func newConfig(t *testing.T) *config.Config {
 	return cfg
 }

-func TestUnsetSettingsKeepDefaults(t *testing.T) {
-	// Viper counts an empty environment variable as unset.
-	t.Setenv("PORT", "")
-	t.Setenv("MAX_MESSAGE_SIZE", "")
-	t.Setenv("NEOIRC_HASHCASH_BITS", "")
-	t.Setenv("LOGIN_RATE_BURST", "")
-	t.Setenv("LOGIN_RATE_LIMIT", "")
-	t.Setenv("DEBUG", "")
-	t.Setenv("MAINTENANCE_MODE", "")
-	t.Setenv("MESSAGE_MAX_AGE", "")
-	t.Setenv("QUEUE_MAX_AGE", "")
-	t.Setenv("SESSION_IDLE_TIMEOUT", "")
-
-	// Each duration setting defaults to 30 days.
-	const thirtyDays = "720h"
-
-	want := settings{
-		Port:               8080,
-		MaxMessageSize:     4096,
-		HashcashBits:       20,
-		LoginRateBurst:     5,
-		LoginRateLimit:     1,
-		Debug:              false,
-		MaintenanceMode:    false,
-		MessageMaxAge:      thirtyDays,
-		QueueMaxAge:        thirtyDays,
-		SessionIdleTimeout: thirtyDays,
-	}
-
-	got := settingsOf(newConfig(t))
-	if got != want {
-		t.Errorf("settings = %+v, want %+v", got, want)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestValidSettingsAreUsed(t *testing.T) {
-	// Each whole number is the lowest value its setting allows, and 1ns
-	// is the shortest duration allowed.
-	t.Setenv("PORT", "0")
-	t.Setenv("MAX_MESSAGE_SIZE", "1")
-	t.Setenv("NEOIRC_HASHCASH_BITS", "0")
-	t.Setenv("LOGIN_RATE_BURST", "1")
-	t.Setenv("LOGIN_RATE_LIMIT", "0.5")
-	t.Setenv("DEBUG", "true")
-	t.Setenv("MAINTENANCE_MODE", "true")
-	t.Setenv("MESSAGE_MAX_AGE", "1ns")
-	t.Setenv("QUEUE_MAX_AGE", "1h30m")
-	t.Setenv("SESSION_IDLE_TIMEOUT", "45m")
-
-	want := settings{
-		Port:               0,
-		MaxMessageSize:     1,
-		HashcashBits:       0,
-		LoginRateBurst:     1,
-		LoginRateLimit:     0.5,
-		Debug:              true,
-		MaintenanceMode:    true,
-		MessageMaxAge:      "1ns",
-		QueueMaxAge:        "1h30m",
-		SessionIdleTimeout: "45m",
-	}
-
-	got := settingsOf(newConfig(t))
-	if got != want {
-		t.Errorf("settings = %+v, want %+v", got, want)
-	}
-}
-
-// settings holds the Config fields whose settings config.New parses.
-type settings struct {
-	Port               int
-	MaxMessageSize     int
-	HashcashBits       int
-	LoginRateBurst     int
-	LoginRateLimit     float64
-	Debug              bool
-	MaintenanceMode    bool
-	MessageMaxAge      string
-	QueueMaxAge        string
-	SessionIdleTimeout string
-}
-
-func settingsOf(cfg *config.Config) settings {
-	return settings{
-		Port:               cfg.Port,
-		MaxMessageSize:     cfg.MaxMessageSize,
-		HashcashBits:       cfg.HashcashBits,
-		LoginRateBurst:     cfg.LoginRateBurst,
-		LoginRateLimit:     cfg.LoginRateLimit,
-		Debug:              cfg.Debug,
-		MaintenanceMode:    cfg.MaintenanceMode,
-		MessageMaxAge:      cfg.MessageMaxAge,
-		QueueMaxAge:        cfg.QueueMaxAge,
-		SessionIdleTimeout: cfg.SessionIdleTimeout,
-	}
-}
-
-func TestBadSettingStopsStartup(t *testing.T) {
-	// For each setting, the first value does not parse and the others
-	// parse but are out of range.
-	tests := []struct {
-		key    string
-		values []string
-	}{
-		{key: "PORT", values: []string{"80a", "-1"}},
-		{key: "MAX_MESSAGE_SIZE", values: []string{"4k", "0", "-4096"}},
-		{key: "NEOIRC_HASHCASH_BITS", values: []string{"twenty", "-1"}},
-		{key: "LOGIN_RATE_BURST", values: []string{"five", "0", "-5"}},
-		{key: "LOGIN_RATE_LIMIT", values: []string{
-			"fast", "0", "-1", "NaN", "Inf", "-Inf",
-		}},
-		{key: "DEBUG", values: []string{"yes"}},
-		{key: "MAINTENANCE_MODE", values: []string{"on"}},
-		{key: "MESSAGE_MAX_AGE", values: []string{"30d", "0", "-1h"}},
-		{key: "QUEUE_MAX_AGE", values: []string{"720", "0s", "-24h"}},
-		{key: "SESSION_IDLE_TIMEOUT", values: []string{"a month", "0", "-1m"}},
-	}
-
-	for _, test := range tests {
-		for _, value := range test.values {
-			t.Run(test.key+"="+value, func(t *testing.T) {
-				t.Setenv(test.key, value)
-
-				_, err := loadConfig(t)
-				if err == nil {
-					t.Fatalf("%s=%q: got no error", test.key, value)
-				}
-
-				msg := err.Error()
-				if !strings.Contains(msg, test.key) ||
-					!strings.Contains(msg, value) {
-					t.Errorf("error %q does not name %s and %q",
-						msg, test.key, value)
-				}
-			})
-		}
-	}
-}
-
 func TestIRCListenAddrUnsetKeepsDefault(t *testing.T) {
 	// t.Setenv puts back whatever value was there after the test.
 	t.Setenv("IRC_LISTEN_ADDR", "")
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ func (hdlr *Handlers) deliverWelcome(
 	// 004 RPL_MYINFO
 	hdlr.enqueueNumeric(
 		ctx, clientID, irc.RplMyInfo, nick,
-		[]string{srvName, version, service.UserModes, "Hbiklmnostv"},
+		[]string{srvName, version, "", "ikmnostl"},
 		"",
 	)

@@ -994,7 +994,7 @@ func (hdlr *Handlers) dispatchCommand(
 		hdlr.handlePrivmsg(
 			writer, request,
 			sessionID, clientID, nick,
-			command, target, body, meta,
+			command, target, body, meta, bodyLines,
 		)
 	case irc.CmdJoin:
 		hdlr.handleJoin(
@@ -1139,18 +1139,8 @@ func (hdlr *Handlers) handlePrivmsg(
 	nick, command, target string,
 	body json.RawMessage,
 	meta json.RawMessage,
+	bodyLines func() []string,
 ) {
-	lines, ok := checkBodyAndMeta(body, meta)
-	if !ok {
-		hdlr.respondError(
-			writer, request,
-			"invalid request body",
-			http.StatusBadRequest,
-		)
-
-		return
-	}
-
 	if target == "" {
 		hdlr.enqueueNumeric(
 			request.Context(), clientID,
@@ -1165,6 +1155,7 @@ func (hdlr *Handlers) handlePrivmsg(
 		return
 	}

+	lines := bodyLines()
 	if len(lines) == 0 {
 		hdlr.enqueueNumeric(
 			request.Context(), clientID,
@@ -1198,44 +1189,6 @@ func (hdlr *Handlers) handlePrivmsg(
 	)
 }

-// checkBodyAndMeta returns the lines in body. It returns false
-// when body is present and is not an array of strings, or meta
-// is present and is not an object. Each line is decoded as any
-// because decoding into []string turns a null line into "". A
-// null body or meta decodes without an error into nil.
-func checkBodyAndMeta(body, meta json.RawMessage) ([]string, bool) {
-	var lines []string
-
-	if body != nil {
-		var values []any
-
-		err := json.Unmarshal(body, &values)
-		if err != nil || values == nil {
-			return nil, false
-		}
-
-		for _, value := range values {
-			line, isString := value.(string)
-			if !isString {
-				return nil, false
-			}
-
-			lines = append(lines, line)
-		}
-	}
-
-	if meta != nil {
-		var fields map[string]any
-
-		err := json.Unmarshal(meta, &fields)
-		if err != nil || fields == nil {
-			return nil, false
-		}
-	}
-
-	return lines, true
-}
-
 // respondIRCError enqueues a numeric error reply, notifies
 // the broker, and sends HTTP 200 with {"status":"error"}.
 func (hdlr *Handlers) respondIRCError(
@@ -8,12 +8,10 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
-	"maps"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/http/httptest"
 	"net/url"
 	"os"
-	"reflect"
 	"slices"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
@@ -1001,8 +999,6 @@ func TestChannelMessage(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }

-// TestMessageMissingBody checks that a PRIVMSG with no body,
-// or an empty one, gets ERR_NOTEXTTOSEND.
 func TestMessageMissingBody(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()

@@ -1017,27 +1013,22 @@ func TestMessageMissingBody(t *testing.T) {

 	_, lastID := tserver.pollMessages(token, 0)

-	for _, request := range []map[string]any{
-		{commandKey: privmsgCmd, toKey: channel},
-		{commandKey: privmsgCmd, toKey: channel, bodyKey: []string{}},
-	} {
-		status, _ := tserver.sendCommand(token, request)
+	status, _ := tserver.sendCommand(token, map[string]any{
+		commandKey: privmsgCmd, toKey: channel,
+	})
 	if status != http.StatusOK {
-			t.Fatalf("%v: expected 200, got %d", request, status)
+		t.Fatalf("expected 200, got %d", status)
 	}

-		var msgs []map[string]any
-
-		msgs, lastID = tserver.pollMessages(token, lastID)
+	msgs, _ := tserver.pollMessages(token, lastID)

 	if !findNumeric(msgs, "412") {
 		t.Fatalf(
-				"%v: expected ERR_NOTEXTTOSEND (412), got %v",
-				request, msgs,
+			"expected ERR_NOTEXTTOSEND (412), got %v",
+			msgs,
 		)
 	}
 }
-}

 func TestMessageMissingTo(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
@@ -1065,132 +1056,6 @@ func TestMessageMissingTo(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }

-// TestMessageInvalidBodyOrMeta checks that a PRIVMSG or
-// NOTICE, to a channel or a nick, whose body is not an array
-// of strings or whose meta is not an object gets 400 and
-// reaches nobody.
-func TestMessageInvalidBodyOrMeta(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	cases := []struct {
-		name   string
-		fields map[string]any
-	}{
-		{"null line", map[string]any{bodyKey: []any{"hi", nil}}},
-		{"number line", map[string]any{bodyKey: []any{"hi", 1}}},
-		{"object line", map[string]any{bodyKey: []any{map[string]any{}}}},
-		{"null body", map[string]any{bodyKey: nil}},
-		{"object body", map[string]any{bodyKey: map[string]any{}}},
-		{"null meta", map[string]any{bodyKey: []string{"hi"}, metaKey: nil}},
-		{"array meta", map[string]any{bodyKey: []string{"hi"}, metaKey: []string{}}},
-		{"string meta", map[string]any{bodyKey: []string{"hi"}, metaKey: "hi"}},
-	}
-
-	for _, tc := range cases {
-		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			t.Parallel()
-
-			const channel = "#badmsg"
-
-			tserver := newTestServer(t)
-			aliceToken := tserver.createSession("alice_badmsg")
-			bobToken := tserver.createSession("bob_badmsg")
-
-			tserver.sendCommand(aliceToken, map[string]any{
-				commandKey: joinCmd, toKey: channel,
-			})
-			tserver.sendCommand(bobToken, map[string]any{
-				commandKey: joinCmd, toKey: channel,
-			})
-
-			_, bobLastID := tserver.pollMessages(bobToken, 0)
-
-			for _, command := range []string{privmsgCmd, irc.CmdNotice} {
-				for _, target := range []string{channel, "bob_badmsg"} {
-					request := map[string]any{
-						commandKey: command, toKey: target,
-					}
-					maps.Copy(request, tc.fields)
-
-					status, result := tserver.sendCommand(
-						aliceToken, request,
-					)
-					if status != http.StatusBadRequest ||
-						result["error"] != "invalid request body" {
-						t.Errorf(
-							"%s to %s: expected 400 invalid "+
-								"request body, got %d: %v",
-							command, target, status, result,
-						)
-					}
-				}
-			}
-
-			msgs, _ := tserver.pollMessages(bobToken, bobLastID)
-			if len(msgs) != 0 {
-				t.Fatalf("expected no messages, bob got %v", msgs)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-// TestMessageRelaysBodyAndMeta checks that a PRIVMSG or
-// NOTICE, to a channel or a nick, reaches its recipient with
-// body and meta as sent.
-func TestMessageRelaysBodyAndMeta(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	const channel = "#relaymsg"
-
-	tserver := newTestServer(t)
-	aliceToken := tserver.createSession("alice_relaymsg")
-	bobToken := tserver.createSession("bob_relaymsg")
-
-	tserver.sendCommand(aliceToken, map[string]any{
-		commandKey: joinCmd, toKey: channel,
-	})
-	tserver.sendCommand(bobToken, map[string]any{
-		commandKey: joinCmd, toKey: channel,
-	})
-
-	_, bobLastID := tserver.pollMessages(bobToken, 0)
-
-	body := []any{"line one", ""}
-	meta := map[string]any{"sig": "abc", "alg": "ed25519"}
-
-	for _, command := range []string{privmsgCmd, irc.CmdNotice} {
-		for _, target := range []string{channel, "bob_relaymsg"} {
-			status, result := tserver.sendCommand(
-				aliceToken,
-				map[string]any{
-					commandKey: command, toKey: target,
-					bodyKey: body, metaKey: meta,
-				},
-			)
-			if status != http.StatusOK {
-				t.Fatalf(
-					"%s to %s: expected 200, got %d: %v",
-					command, target, status, result,
-				)
-			}
-
-			var msgs []map[string]any
-
-			msgs, bobLastID = tserver.pollMessages(
-				bobToken, bobLastID,
-			)
-			if len(msgs) != 1 ||
-				msgs[0][commandKey] != command ||
-				!reflect.DeepEqual(msgs[0][bodyKey], body) ||
-				!reflect.DeepEqual(msgs[0][metaKey], meta) {
-				t.Fatalf(
-					"%s to %s: bob got %v", command, target, msgs,
-				)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}
-
 func TestNonMemberCannotSend(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()

@@ -6932,32 +6797,6 @@ func TestISUPPORT(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }

-// TestMyInfoListsModes verifies the 004 numeric lists the
-// user modes o and w as its third parameter, and the HTTP
-// API's channel modes Hbiklmnostv as its fourth.
-func TestMyInfoListsModes(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	tserver := newTestServer(t)
-	token := tserver.createSession("myinfo")
-
-	msgs, _ := tserver.pollMessages(token, 0)
-
-	myInfo := findNumericWithParams(msgs, "004")
-	if myInfo == nil {
-		t.Fatal("expected 004 RPL_MYINFO")
-	}
-
-	params := getNumericParams(myInfo)
-	if len(params) != 4 || params[2] != "ow" ||
-		params[3] != "Hbiklmnostv" {
-		t.Fatalf(
-			"004 params %v, want four ending ow Hbiklmnostv",
-			params,
-		)
-	}
-}
-
 // TestNonOpCannotSetModes verifies non-operators
 // cannot set +i, +s, +k, +l, +b.
 func TestNonOpCannotSetModes(t *testing.T) {
@@ -371,7 +371,6 @@ func (c *Conn) handleQuit(msg *Message) {

 	c.mu.Lock()
 	c.closed = true
-	c.quitReason = reason
 	c.mu.Unlock()
 }

@@ -1227,12 +1226,9 @@ func (c *Conn) handlePassPostReg(
 		return
 	}

-	// The IRC listener cannot add a connection to an existing
-	// session; only the HTTP API login can.
 	c.sendFromServer("NOTICE", c.currentNick(),
-		"Password set. Another client can log in to this "+
-			"session over the HTTP API: POST /api/v1/login "+
-			"with your nick and this password.",
+		"Password set. You can reconnect using "+
+			"PASS <password> with your nick.",
 	)
 }

@@ -69,11 +69,6 @@ type Conn struct {
 	lastQueueID int64
 	closed      bool
 	killed      bool
-
-	// quitReason is the reason in the QUIT that peers are
-	// sent when the connection ends. The client's QUIT
-	// replaces it.
-	quitReason string
 }

 func newConn(
@@ -100,7 +95,6 @@ func newConn(
 		svc:       svc,
 		serverSfx: srvName,
 		remoteIP:  host,
-		quitReason: "Connection closed",
 	}

 	conn.commands = conn.buildCommandMap()
@@ -284,7 +278,6 @@ func (c *Conn) cleanup(ctx context.Context) {
 	wasKilled := c.killed
 	sessID := c.sessionID
 	nick := c.nick
-	quitReason := c.quitReason
 	c.closed = true
 	c.mu.Unlock()

@@ -294,7 +287,9 @@ func (c *Conn) cleanup(ctx context.Context) {
 		// KILL has already sent the QUIT and deleted the
 		// session.
 		if !wasKilled {
-			c.svc.BroadcastQuit(ctx, sessID, nick, quitReason)
+			c.svc.BroadcastQuit(
+				ctx, sessID, nick, "Connection closed",
+			)
 		}
 	}

@@ -610,7 +605,7 @@ func (c *Conn) deliverWelcome() {
 	)
 	c.sendNumeric(
 		irc.RplMyInfo,
-		c.serverSfx, "neoirc", service.UserModes, "Himnostv",
+		c.serverSfx, "neoirc", "", "mnst",
 	)
 	c.sendNumeric(
 		irc.RplIsupport,
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ func TestRelayNickDiffersOnlyInCase(t *testing.T) {
 		{"JOIN #case", ":Alice!Alice@* JOIN #case"},
 		{"NICK Alicia", ":Alice!Alice@* NICK Alicia"},
 		{"NICK Alice", ":Alicia!Alicia@* NICK Alice"}, // back for QUIT
-		{"QUIT", ":Alice!Alice@* QUIT :Quit: Client quit"},
+		{"QUIT", ":Alice!Alice@* QUIT :Quit: Connection closed"},
 	} {
 		capitalAlice.send(step.line)

@@ -4,14 +4,12 @@ import (
 	"bufio"
 	"context"
 	"database/sql"
-	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"log/slog"
 	"net"
 	"os"
 	"runtime"
-	"slices"
 	"strings"
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"testing"
@@ -25,7 +23,6 @@ import (
 	"sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/internal/globals"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/internal/ircserver"
 	"sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/internal/logger"
-	"sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/pkg/irc"

 	_ "modernc.org/sqlite"
 )
@@ -489,22 +486,6 @@ func TestWelcomeContainsNick(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }

-// TestMyInfoListsModes checks that RPL_MYINFO lists the user
-// modes o and w, then the channel modes MODE accepts on the
-// IRC listener. It compares the whole line, so a missing or
-// extra mode fails it.
-func TestMyInfoListsModes(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	env := newTestEnv(t)
-	lines := env.dial(t).register("carol")
-
-	want := ":test.irc 004 carol test.irc neoirc ow Himnostv"
-	if !slices.Contains(lines, want) {
-		t.Errorf("no line %q in %v", want, lines)
-	}
-}
-
 func TestPingPong(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()

@@ -875,112 +856,6 @@ func TestQuit(t *testing.T) {
 	assertContains(t, lines, "goodbye", "QUIT reason")
 }

-// TestQuitReasonReachesPeers checks the reason that an IRC
-// listener user's channel peers see in its QUIT, on both the
-// IRC listener and the HTTP API. It is the reason the user
-// gave, Client quit for a QUIT without one, or Connection
-// closed when the connection ends without a QUIT.
-func TestQuitReasonReachesPeers(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	for _, step := range []struct {
-		name, quit, want string
-	}{
-		{"QUIT with a reason", "QUIT :gone home", "gone home"},
-		{"QUIT without a reason", irc.CmdQuit, "Client quit"},
-		{"connection closed without QUIT", "", "Connection closed"},
-	} {
-		t.Run(step.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			t.Parallel()
-
-			ircLine, apiBody := quitSeenByPeers(t, step.quit)
-
-			want := ":quitter!quitter@* QUIT :Quit: " + step.want
-			if ircLine != want {
-				t.Errorf("IRC peer got %q, want %q", ircLine, want)
-			}
-
-			if len(apiBody) != 1 || apiBody[0] != step.want {
-				t.Errorf("HTTP API peer got %q, want [%q]", apiBody, step.want)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-// quitSeenByPeers starts a server on which quitter, ircpeer on
-// the IRC listener and apipeer on the HTTP API share a channel.
-// quitter sends the line quit, or closes its connection when
-// quit is empty. It returns the QUIT line ircpeer is sent and
-// the body of the QUIT apipeer is sent.
-func quitSeenByPeers(t *testing.T, quit string) (string, []string) {
-	t.Helper()
-
-	env := newTestEnv(t)
-	ctx := t.Context()
-
-	ircPeer := env.dial(t)
-	ircPeer.register("ircpeer")
-	ircPeer.joinAndDrain("#bye")
-
-	apiPeerID, apiPeerClientID, _, err := env.database.CreateSession(
-		ctx, "apipeer", "apipeer", "", "",
-	)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("create peer session: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	channelID, err := env.database.GetChannelByName(ctx, "#bye")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("get channel: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	err = env.database.JoinChannel(ctx, channelID, apiPeerID)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("join peer: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	quitter := env.dial(t)
-	quitter.register("quitter")
-	quitter.joinAndDrain("#bye")
-
-	if quit == "" {
-		err = quitter.conn.Close()
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("close: %v", err)
-		}
-	} else {
-		quitter.send(quit)
-	}
-
-	lines := ircPeer.readUntil(func(l string) bool {
-		return strings.Contains(l, " QUIT ")
-	})
-
-	// The QUIT is queued to both peers at once, so apipeer has
-	// it by now.
-	msgs, _, err := env.database.PollMessages(ctx, apiPeerClientID, 0, 0)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("poll peer: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	for _, msg := range msgs {
-		if msg.Command == irc.CmdQuit && msg.From == "quitter" {
-			var body []string
-
-			err = json.Unmarshal(msg.Body, &body)
-			if err != nil {
-				t.Fatalf("decode QUIT body %s: %v", msg.Body, err)
-			}
-
-			return lines[len(lines)-1], body
-		}
-	}
-
-	t.Fatalf("apipeer was not sent the QUIT: %v", msgs)
-
-	return "", nil
-}
-
 // TestStopEndsSessions checks that stopping the server ends
 // a registered connection's session before Stop returns, as
 // closing the connection does: the session, its client and
@@ -1250,9 +1125,6 @@ func TestAwaySetAndClear(t *testing.T) {
 	assertContains(t, clearLines, " 305 ", "RPL_UNAWAY")
 }

-// TestHandlePassPostRegistration checks the NOTICE that
-// confirms PASS after registration. It points to the HTTP API
-// login, the only way to add a client to an existing session.
 func TestHandlePassPostRegistration(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()

@@ -1265,11 +1137,7 @@ func TestHandlePassPostRegistration(t *testing.T) {
 	)

 	assertContains(
-		t, lines,
-		" NOTICE passuser :Password set. Another client can log "+
-			"in to this session over the HTTP API: "+
-			"POST /api/v1/login with your nick and this password.",
-		"password confirmation",
+		t, lines, "Password set", "password confirmation",
 	)
 }

@@ -1169,12 +1169,6 @@ func (s *Service) ApplyUserMode(
 	return s.QueryUserMode(ctx, sessionID)
 }

-// UserModes lists the user modes the server supports, as
-// RPL_MYINFO sends them: o (server operator) and w
-// (receives WALLOPS). parseUserModeString must accept the
-// same letters.
-const UserModes = "ow"
-
 // parseUserModeString parses a user mode string such as
 // "+w", "-o" or "+w-o" into the new value of each flag it
 // names, or nil for a flag it does not name; a later letter
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ are the fields it can have:
 - `code`: the number of a numeric reply, such as `1` for `RPL_WELCOME`. Absent
  on other messages.
 - `id`: the message's UUID, a unique ID that the server assigns.
- `from`: the sender's nick, or the server name on a numeric reply or a `PONG`.
+- `from`: the sender's nick, or the server name on a server message.
 - `to`: the target, such as a channel name starting with `#` or a nick.
 - `params`: an array of strings with the message's other parameters, in order.
  `KICK` events and many numeric replies have it. The HTTP API ignores `params`
@@ -60,32 +60,29 @@ A `PRIVMSG` whose `body` has two strings is a two-line message:

 ## Files

-Most command files describe both the message a client sends and the message the
-server sends. Their field descriptions say where the two differ. The examples in
-the files leave out `id`, `ts` and `meta`.
-
 Commands, in `commands/`:

 - `PRIVMSG.json`: a message to a channel or a user.
 - `NOTICE.json`: a notice, which is a message that a client must not answer
  automatically.
- `JOIN.json`: joining a channel.
- `PART.json`: leaving a channel.
- `QUIT.json`: leaving the server.
- `NICK.json`: changing nick.
- `TOPIC.json`: setting a channel's topic.
- `MODE.json`: querying or changing a channel's modes or the user's own modes.
- `KICK.json`: a channel operator removing a user from a channel.
+- `JOIN.json`: a user joined a channel.
+- `PART.json`: a user left a channel.
+- `QUIT.json`: a user left the server.
+- `NICK.json`: a user changed nick.
+- `TOPIC.json`: a channel topic was set.
+- `MODE.json`: a channel mode was changed.
+- `KICK.json`: a channel operator removed a user from a channel.
 - `PING.json`: a check that the server still answers.
- `PONG.json`: the answer to a `PING`, which is the HTTP response to it.
+- `PONG.json`: the answer to a `PING`.
+- `PUBKEY.json`: an announcement of a user's public signing key. The server has
+  no such command. It answers a `PUBKEY` with `ERR_UNKNOWNCOMMAND` (`421`).

 Numeric replies, in `numerics/`:

- `001.json`: `RPL_WELCOME`, which welcomes the user.
+- `001.json`: `RPL_WELCOME`, which welcomes a new user.
 - `002.json`: `RPL_YOURHOST`, the server's name and version.
- `003.json`: `RPL_CREATED`, the date the server last started.
- `004.json`: `RPL_MYINFO`, the server's name, its version and its lists of
-  modes.
+- `003.json`: `RPL_CREATED`, which says when the server was created.
+- `004.json`: `RPL_MYINFO`, the server's version and its lists of modes.
 - `322.json`: `RPL_LIST`, one channel in the answer to `LIST`.
 - `323.json`: `RPL_LISTEND`, the end of the answer to `LIST`.
 - `332.json`: `RPL_TOPIC`, a channel's topic.
@@ -99,3 +96,71 @@ Numeric replies, in `numerics/`:
 - `433.json`: `ERR_NICKNAMEINUSE`, the nick is taken.
 - `442.json`: `ERR_NOTONCHANNEL`, the user is not on that channel.
 - `482.json`: `ERR_CHANOPRIVSNEEDED`, the user is not a channel operator.
+
+## Where the files differ from the HTTP API
+
+Where a schema file and the HTTP API disagree, the HTTP API is right:
+
+- `message.json` and the files in `numerics/` put the three-digit code in
+  `command`. They have no `code` field. The HTTP API puts the reply's name in
+  `command` and its number in `code`.
+- `message.json` allows an object as `body`. The HTTP API reads only arrays of
+  strings. A `PRIVMSG` with an object as `body` gets `ERR_NOTEXTTOSEND` (`412`).
+- `message.json` says `to` is a channel or a nick. A `WALLOPS` message has `*`
+  there.
+- `message.json` allows `meta` on every message. The HTTP API keeps a client's
+  `meta` only on a `PRIVMSG` or `NOTICE`.
+- `message.json` describes signature fields in `meta`. The server never checks a
+  signature.
+- `message.json` does not describe `meta.hashcash`. The HTTP API reads it in a
+  `PRIVMSG` to a channel with mode `+H`.
+- `JOIN.json` has no `body`. A client's `JOIN` can carry the channel key in
+  `body`. When a user joins, the `JOIN` event repeats the channel name in
+  `body`.
+- `JOIN.json` allows a channel name of any length. The server allows at most 63
+  characters after the `#`. It answers a longer name with `ERR_NOSUCHCHANNEL`
+  (`403`).
+- `KICK.json` puts the kicked nick in `params`. The HTTP API reads a client's
+  `KICK` from `body`: the nick, then an optional reason.
+- `MODE.json` puts the mode change in `params`. The HTTP API uses `body`
+  instead. A client sends the change and any value as separate strings, such as
+  `"+o"` and `"bob"`. In a `MODE` event, `body` holds the change as one string,
+  such as `"+o bob"`, or as two strings, such as `"+k"` and `"secret"`.
+- `NOTICE.json` allows `*` as `to`. The server answers a `NOTICE` to `*` with
+  `ERR_NOSUCHNICK` (`401`).
+- `NOTICE.json` has an example notice from the server to `*`. The server sends
+  no such notice.
+- `PING.json` and `PONG.json` describe a token that the `PONG` repeats. The HTTP
+  API ignores the `body` of a `PING`. Its answer is the HTTP response
+  `{"command": "PONG", "from": "<server name>"}`.
+- `PING.json` and `PONG.json` also describe messages between servers. The server
+  does not connect to other IRC servers.
+- `PUBKEY.json` describes a command the server does not have.
+- `QUIT.json` says that `QUIT` comes only from the server. A client can send it
+  too, to end its session. A client's `QUIT` can carry a reason in `body`.
+- `TOPIC.json` says a `TOPIC` without a `body` queries the topic. The HTTP API
+  answers such a `TOPIC` with `ERR_NEEDMOREPARAMS` (`461`).
+- `TOPIC.json` says an empty array clears the topic. The HTTP API answers `[]`
+  with `ERR_NEEDMOREPARAMS` (`461`). A `body` of `[""]` clears the topic.
+- `003.json` describes the server's creation date. The HTTP API sends the date
+  the server last started.
+- `004.json` has example mode lists. The HTTP API sends an empty string as the
+  user modes and `ikmnostl` as the channel modes.
+- `322.json` says `LIST` gets one reply per channel. The server leaves out a
+  secret channel, one with mode `+s`, unless the user is on it.
+- `332.json` says `RPL_TOPIC` answers a `TOPIC` query. The HTTP API has no such
+  query. It sends `RPL_TOPIC` after a client sets the topic, and after a `JOIN`
+  to a channel that has one.
+- `353.json` says `body` lists nicks. The HTTP API lists `nick!user@host` in
+  place of each nick, such as `@op1!op1@host1`.
+- `353.json` says the first parameter marks a channel as public, private or
+  secret. The server always sends `=`, the mark for a public channel.
+- `376.json` gives the text as `End of /MOTD command`. The HTTP API adds a full
+  stop.
+- `401.json` gives the text as `No such nick/channel`. The server sends
+  `No such nick` in answer to a `PRIVMSG` or `NOTICE` to an unknown nick.
+- `433.json` has an example with `*` as `to`. The HTTP API sends `433` only in
+  answer to a `NICK`, with the user's nick as `to`.
+
+The HTTP API also accepts some messages that the files do not allow, such as a
+`JOIN` whose `to` has no `#`.
@@ -2,25 +2,15 @@
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/schema/commands/JOIN.json",
  "title": "JOIN",
-  "description": "Join a channel. A client sends it to join a channel, which the server creates if it does not exist. The server sends it to every member of the channel when a user joins, the new member included. RFC 1459 §4.2.1.",
+  "description": "Join a channel. C2S: request to join. S2C: notification that a user joined. RFC 1459 §4.2.1.",
  "$ref": "../message.json",
  "properties": {
    "command": { "const": "JOIN" },
-    "from": { "type": "string", "description": "The nick that joined. The server sets it." },
-    "to": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The channel name: # and then 1 to 63 of a-z, A-Z, 0-9, _ and -. The server adds the # if a client leaves it out.",
-      "pattern": "^#?[a-zA-Z0-9_-]{1,63}$"
-    },
-    "body": {
-      "type": "array",
-      "items": { "type": "string" },
-      "description": "From a client: the channel key as the first string, which a channel with mode +k needs. From the server: the channel name. After a login, and for GET /api/v1/state?initChannelState=1, the server queues a JOIN for each of the session's channels. That JOIN has an empty body."
-    }
+    "from": { "type": "string", "description": "Nick that joined (S2C)." },
+    "to": { "type": "string", "description": "Channel name.", "pattern": "^#[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+$" }
  },
  "required": ["command", "to"],
  "examples": [
-    { "command": "JOIN", "to": "#general" },
-    { "command": "JOIN", "from": "alice", "to": "#general", "body": ["#general"] }
+    { "command": "JOIN", "from": "alice", "to": "#general" }
  ]
 }
@@ -2,33 +2,28 @@
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/schema/commands/KICK.json",
  "title": "KICK",
-  "description": "Remove a user from a channel. A client sends it, and only a channel operator may. The server sends it to every member of the channel, the removed user included. RFC 1459 §4.2.8.",
+  "description": "Kick a user from a channel. RFC 1459 §4.2.8.",
  "$ref": "../message.json",
  "properties": {
    "command": { "const": "KICK" },
-    "from": { "type": "string", "description": "The nick that removed the user. The server sets it." },
-    "to": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The channel name. The server adds the # if a client leaves it out.",
-      "pattern": "^#?[a-zA-Z0-9_-]{1,63}$"
-    },
+    "from": { "type": "string", "description": "Nick that performed the kick." },
+    "to": { "type": "string", "description": "Channel name.", "pattern": "^#[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+$" },
    "params": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": { "type": "string" },
-      "description": "The removed nick. Only the server sends it.",
+      "description": "Kicked nick. e.g. [\"alice\"].",
      "minItems": 1,
      "maxItems": 1
    },
    "body": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": { "type": "string" },
-      "description": "From a client: the nick to remove, then an optional reason. From the server: the reason, as one string.",
-      "minItems": 1
+      "description": "Optional kick reason.",
+      "maxItems": 1
    }
  },
-  "required": ["command", "to", "body"],
+  "required": ["command", "to", "params"],
  "examples": [
-    { "command": "KICK", "to": "#general", "body": ["troll", "Behave"] },
    { "command": "KICK", "from": "op1", "to": "#general", "params": ["troll"], "body": ["Behave"] }
  ]
 }
@@ -2,29 +2,28 @@
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/schema/commands/MODE.json",
  "title": "MODE",
-  "description": "Query or change a channel's modes or the user's own modes. A client sends it. The server sends it to every member of the channel when a channel mode changes. A +H or -H sent over the HTTP API is the exception. The server answers it with RPL_CHANNELMODEIS (324) and sends no MODE. RFC 1459 §4.2.3.",
+  "description": "Set or query channel/user modes. RFC 1459 §4.2.3.",
  "$ref": "../message.json",
  "properties": {
    "command": { "const": "MODE" },
    "from": {
      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The nick that changed the mode. The server sets it."
+      "description": "Nick that set the mode (S2C only)."
    },
    "to": {
      "type": "string",
-      "description": "A channel name, which starts with #, or the user's own nick."
+      "description": "Channel name.",
+      "pattern": "^#[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+$"
    },
-    "body": {
+    "params": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": { "type": "string" },
-      "description": "From a client: the mode change and then its value, as separate strings, such as \"+o\" and \"bob\". A MODE without a body is a query. From the server: the change and its value, as one string, such as \"+o bob\", or as separate strings, such as \"+k\" and \"secret\".",
-      "examples": [["+o", "bob"], ["-m"], ["+o bob"], ["+k", "secret"]]
+      "description": "Mode string and optional target nick. e.g. [\"+o\", \"alice\"].",
+      "examples": [["+o", "alice"], ["-m"], ["+v", "bob"]]
    }
  },
-  "required": ["command", "to"],
+  "required": ["command", "to", "params"],
  "examples": [
-    { "command": "MODE", "to": "#general", "body": ["+o", "bob"] },
-    { "command": "MODE", "from": "op1", "to": "#general", "body": ["+o bob"] },
-    { "command": "MODE", "from": "op1", "to": "#general", "body": ["+k", "secret"] }
+    { "command": "MODE", "from": "op1", "to": "#general", "params": ["+o", "alice"] }
  ]
 }
@@ -2,21 +2,21 @@
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/schema/commands/NICK.json",
  "title": "NICK",
-  "description": "Change nick. A client sends it to change its nick. The server sends it to the user's own clients and to the users who share a channel with the user. RFC 1459 §4.1.2.",
+  "description": "Change nickname. C2S: request new nick. S2C: notification of nick change. RFC 1459 §4.1.2.",
  "$ref": "../message.json",
  "properties": {
    "command": { "const": "NICK" },
-    "from": { "type": "string", "description": "The old nick. The server sets it." },
+    "from": { "type": "string", "description": "Old nick (S2C)." },
    "body": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": { "type": "string" },
-      "description": "The new nick, as the first string. The server sends one string.",
-      "minItems": 1
+      "description": "New nick (single-element array).",
+      "minItems": 1,
+      "maxItems": 1
    }
  },
  "required": ["command", "body"],
  "examples": [
-    { "command": "NICK", "body": ["newnick"] },
    { "command": "NICK", "from": "oldnick", "body": ["newnick"] }
  ]
 }
@@ -2,21 +2,20 @@
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/schema/commands/NOTICE.json",
  "title": "NOTICE",
-  "description": "A notice: a message to a channel or a user that a client must not answer automatically. The server relays it as it relays a PRIVMSG. A NOTICE to a channel with mode +H needs no hashcash stamp. RFC 1459 §4.4.2.",
+  "description": "Send a notice. Like PRIVMSG but must not trigger automatic replies. RFC 1459 §4.4.2.",
  "$ref": "../message.json",
  "properties": {
    "command": { "const": "NOTICE" },
-    "from": { "type": "string", "description": "The sender's nick. The server sets it." },
-    "to": { "type": "string", "description": "A channel name, which starts with #, or a nick." },
+    "from": { "type": "string" },
+    "to": { "type": "string", "description": "Target: #channel, nick, or * (global)." },
    "body": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": { "type": "string" },
-      "description": "The lines of the notice, one string per line.",
-      "minItems": 1
+      "description": "Notice text lines."
    }
  },
  "required": ["command", "to", "body"],
  "examples": [
-    { "command": "NOTICE", "from": "alice", "to": "#general", "body": ["Back in five minutes"] }
+    { "command": "NOTICE", "from": "server.example.com", "to": "*", "body": ["Server restarting in 5 minutes"] }
  ]
 }
@@ -2,20 +2,17 @@
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/schema/commands/PART.json",
  "title": "PART",
-  "description": "Leave a channel. A client sends it to leave. The server sends it to every member of the channel when a user leaves, the leaving user included. RFC 1459 §4.2.2.",
+  "description": "Leave a channel. C2S: request to leave. S2C: notification that a user left. RFC 1459 §4.2.2.",
  "$ref": "../message.json",
  "properties": {
    "command": { "const": "PART" },
-    "from": { "type": "string", "description": "The nick that left. The server sets it." },
-    "to": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The channel name. The server adds the # if a client leaves it out.",
-      "pattern": "^#?[a-zA-Z0-9_-]{1,63}$"
-    },
+    "from": { "type": "string", "description": "Nick that left (S2C)." },
+    "to": { "type": "string", "description": "Channel name.", "pattern": "^#[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+$" },
    "body": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": { "type": "string" },
-      "description": "The reason for leaving. A client may send one as the first string. The server always sends one string, which is empty when no reason was given."
+      "description": "Optional part reason.",
+      "maxItems": 1
    }
  },
  "required": ["command", "to"],
@@ -2,13 +2,19 @@
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/schema/commands/PING.json",
  "title": "PING",
-  "description": "A check that the server still answers. A client sends it. The server ignores every field but 'command'. Its answer is a PONG in the HTTP response. RFC 1459 §4.6.2.",
+  "description": "Keepalive. C2S or S2S. Server responds with PONG. RFC 1459 §4.6.2.",
  "$ref": "../message.json",
  "properties": {
-    "command": { "const": "PING" }
+    "command": { "const": "PING" },
+    "body": {
+      "type": "array",
+      "items": { "type": "string" },
+      "description": "Opaque token to be echoed in PONG (single-element array).",
+      "maxItems": 1
+    }
  },
  "required": ["command"],
  "examples": [
-    { "command": "PING" }
+    { "command": "PING", "body": ["1707580000"] }
  ]
 }
@@ -2,14 +2,20 @@
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/schema/commands/PONG.json",
  "title": "PONG",
-  "description": "The answer to a PING. The server sends it as the HTTP response to the PING, with only 'command' and 'from'. A client's PONG gets ERR_UNKNOWNCOMMAND (421). RFC 1459 §4.6.3.",
+  "description": "Keepalive response. S2C or S2S. RFC 1459 §4.6.3.",
  "$ref": "../message.json",
  "properties": {
    "command": { "const": "PONG" },
-    "from": { "type": "string", "description": "The server name." }
+    "from": { "type": "string", "description": "Responding server name." },
+    "body": {
+      "type": "array",
+      "items": { "type": "string" },
+      "description": "Echoed token from PING (single-element array).",
+      "maxItems": 1
+    }
  },
-  "required": ["command", "from"],
+  "required": ["command"],
  "examples": [
-    { "command": "PONG", "from": "neoirc" }
+    { "command": "PONG", "from": "server.example.com", "body": ["1707580000"] }
  ]
 }
@@ -2,16 +2,16 @@
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/schema/commands/PRIVMSG.json",
  "title": "PRIVMSG",
-  "description": "A message to a channel or a user. A client sends it. The server relays it to every member of the channel, or to the user, and to the sender's own clients. RFC 1459 §4.4.1.",
+  "description": "Send a message to a channel or user. C2S: client sends to server. S2C: server relays to recipients. RFC 1459 §4.4.1.",
  "$ref": "../message.json",
  "properties": {
    "command": { "const": "PRIVMSG" },
-    "from": { "type": "string", "description": "The sender's nick. The server sets it." },
-    "to": { "type": "string", "description": "A channel name, which starts with #, or a nick.", "examples": ["#general", "alice"] },
+    "from": { "type": "string", "description": "Sender nick (set by server on relay)." },
+    "to": { "type": "string", "description": "Target: #channel or nick.", "examples": ["#general", "alice"] },
    "body": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": { "type": "string" },
-      "description": "The lines of the message, one string per line.",
+      "description": "Message lines. One string per line.",
      "minItems": 1
    }
  },
@@ -19,6 +19,6 @@
  "examples": [
    { "command": "PRIVMSG", "from": "bob", "to": "#general", "body": ["hello world"] },
    { "command": "PRIVMSG", "from": "bob", "to": "#general", "body": ["line one", "line two"] },
-    { "command": "PRIVMSG", "from": "bob", "to": "alice", "body": ["hey"] }
+    { "command": "PRIVMSG", "from": "bob", "to": "alice", "body": ["hey"], "meta": { "sig": "base64...", "alg": "ed25519" } }
  ]
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+{
+  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+  "$id": "https://sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/schema/commands/PUBKEY.json",
+  "title": "PUBKEY",
+  "description": "Announce or relay a user's public signing key. C2S: client announces key to channel or server. S2C: server relays to channel members. Protocol extension (not in RFC 1459). Body is a structured object (not an array) containing the key material.",
+  "$ref": "../message.json",
+  "properties": {
+    "command": { "const": "PUBKEY" },
+    "from": { "type": "string", "description": "Nick announcing the key (set by server on relay)." },
+    "to": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "description": "Target: #channel to announce to channel members, or omit for server-wide announcement."
+    },
+    "body": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "description": "Key material.",
+      "properties": {
+        "alg": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "description": "Key algorithm.",
+          "enum": ["ed25519"]
+        },
+        "key": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "description": "Base64-encoded public key."
+        }
+      },
+      "required": ["alg", "key"],
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    }
+  },
+  "required": ["command", "body"],
+  "examples": [
+    { "command": "PUBKEY", "from": "alice", "body": { "alg": "ed25519", "key": "base64-encoded-pubkey" } },
+    { "command": "PUBKEY", "from": "alice", "to": "#general", "body": { "alg": "ed25519", "key": "base64-encoded-pubkey" } }
+  ]
+}
@@ -2,20 +2,20 @@
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/schema/commands/QUIT.json",
  "title": "QUIT",
-  "description": "A user left the server. A client sends it to end its session. The server sends it to the users who shared a channel with the user who left. RFC 1459 §4.1.6.",
+  "description": "User disconnected. S2C only. RFC 1459 §4.1.6.",
  "$ref": "../message.json",
  "properties": {
    "command": { "const": "QUIT" },
-    "from": { "type": "string", "description": "The nick that quit. The server sets it." },
+    "from": { "type": "string", "description": "Nick that quit." },
    "body": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": { "type": "string" },
-      "description": "The reason for leaving. A client may send one as the first string, and the server uses 'Client quit' when it does not. The server always sends one string."
+      "description": "Optional quit reason.",
+      "maxItems": 1
    }
  },
-  "required": ["command"],
+  "required": ["command", "from"],
  "examples": [
-    { "command": "QUIT", "body": ["Gone for the day"] },
-    { "command": "QUIT", "from": "alice", "body": ["Connection closed"] }
+    { "command": "QUIT", "from": "alice", "body": ["Connection reset"] }
  ]
 }
@@ -2,24 +2,20 @@
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/schema/commands/TOPIC.json",
  "title": "TOPIC",
-  "description": "Set a channel's topic. A client sends it to set the topic. The server sends it to every member of the channel when the topic changes. RFC 1459 §4.2.4.",
+  "description": "Get or set channel topic. C2S: set topic (body present) or query (body absent). S2C: topic change notification. RFC 1459 §4.2.4.",
  "$ref": "../message.json",
  "properties": {
    "command": { "const": "TOPIC" },
-    "from": { "type": "string", "description": "The nick that set the topic. The server sets it." },
-    "to": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The channel name. The server adds the # if a client leaves it out.",
-      "pattern": "^#?[a-zA-Z0-9_-]{1,63}$"
-    },
+    "from": { "type": "string", "description": "Nick that changed the topic (S2C)." },
+    "to": { "type": "string", "description": "Channel name.", "pattern": "^#[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+$" },
    "body": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": { "type": "string" },
-      "description": "The new topic. The server joins a client's strings with spaces, and sends the topic as one string. [\"\"] clears the topic.",
-      "minItems": 1
+      "description": "New topic text (single-element array). Empty array clears the topic.",
+      "maxItems": 1
    }
  },
-  "required": ["command", "to", "body"],
+  "required": ["command", "to"],
  "examples": [
    { "command": "TOPIC", "from": "alice", "to": "#general", "body": ["Welcome to the channel"] }
  ]
@@ -2,55 +2,67 @@
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/schema/message.json",
  "title": "IRC Message Envelope",
-  "description": "Every message in the HTTP API is one JSON object with these fields. Only 'command' is always present.",
+  "description": "Base envelope for all messages. Mirrors IRC wire format (RFC 1459/2812) encoded as JSON over HTTP. The 'command' field carries either an IRC command name (PRIVMSG, JOIN, etc.) or a three-digit numeric reply code (001, 353, 433, etc.).",
  "type": "object",
  "properties": {
    "id": {
      "type": "string",
      "format": "uuid",
-      "description": "The message's UUID, which the server assigns. Present on every message the server queues for a client."
+      "description": "Server-assigned message UUID. Present on all server-originated messages."
    },
    "command": {
      "type": "string",
-      "description": "An IRC command name, such as PRIVMSG, or the name of a numeric reply, such as RPL_WELCOME. The server reads a client's command in any case and sends it in upper case.",
-      "examples": ["PRIVMSG", "JOIN", "RPL_WELCOME", "ERR_NICKNAMEINUSE"]
-    },
-    "code": {
-      "type": "integer",
-      "minimum": 1,
-      "maximum": 999,
-      "description": "The number of a numeric reply, such as 1 for RPL_WELCOME. Absent on other messages."
+      "description": "IRC command name (PRIVMSG, JOIN, NICK, etc.) or three-digit numeric reply code (001, 353, 433, etc.).",
+      "examples": ["PRIVMSG", "JOIN", "001", "353", "433"]
    },
    "from": {
      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The sender's nick, or the server name on a numeric reply or a PONG. The server sets it and ignores it from a client."
+      "description": "Source — nick for user messages, server name for server messages. Equivalent to IRC prefix."
    },
    "to": {
      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The target: a channel name, such as #general, or a nick. A WALLOPS has * here."
+      "description": "Target — channel (#name) or nick. Equivalent to first IRC parameter for most commands."
    },
    "params": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": { "type": "string" },
-      "description": "The message's other parameters, in order. KICK events and many numeric replies have it. The server ignores it from a client."
+      "description": "Additional parameters (used primarily by numeric replies). Equivalent to IRC middle parameters."
    },
    "body": {
+      "oneOf": [
+        {
          "type": "array",
          "items": { "type": "string" },
-      "description": "An array of strings, never a bare string. In a PRIVMSG or NOTICE, each string is one line of text."
+          "description": "Array of strings (one per line for text messages)."
+        },
+        {
+          "type": "object",
+          "description": "Structured data (e.g. PUBKEY key material).",
+          "additionalProperties": true
+        }
+      ],
+      "description": "Message body. MUST be an array or object, never a raw string. Arrays represent lines of text; objects carry structured data. This enables deterministic canonicalization (RFC 8785 JCS) for signing."
    },
    "ts": {
      "type": "string",
      "format": "date-time",
-      "description": "The time the server stored the message, as an RFC 3339 time in UTC."
+      "description": "Server-assigned timestamp (ISO 8601). Not present in original IRC; added for HTTP transport."
    },
    "meta": {
      "type": "object",
-      "description": "An object of extra data. Every message the server queues for a client has meta, which is {} when there is none. The server keeps a client's meta only on a PRIVMSG or NOTICE, and relays it unchanged.",
+      "description": "Extensible metadata. Used for signatures (meta.sig, meta.alg), hashes (meta.hash), and client extensions.",
      "properties": {
-        "hashcash": {
+        "sig": {
          "type": "string",
-          "description": "A hashcash stamp. A PRIVMSG to a channel with mode +H needs one."
+          "description": "Base64-encoded cryptographic signature over the canonical message form."
+        },
+        "alg": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "description": "Signature algorithm (e.g. 'ed25519')."
+        },
+        "hash": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "description": "Hash of the canonical message form (e.g. 'sha256:base64...')."
        }
      },
      "additionalProperties": true
@@ -2,45 +2,32 @@
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/schema/numerics/001.json",
  "title": "001 RPL_WELCOME",
-  "description": "Welcomes the user. Sent after a session is created, after a login, and in answer to MOTD. RFC 2812 §5.1.",
+  "description": "Welcome message sent after successful session creation. RFC 2812 \u00a75.1.",
  "$ref": "../message.json",
  "properties": {
    "command": {
-      "const": "RPL_WELCOME"
-    },
-    "code": {
-      "const": 1
-    },
-    "from": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The server name."
+      "const": "001"
    },
    "to": {
      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The user's nick."
+      "description": "Target nick."
    },
    "body": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "type": "string"
      },
-      "description": "One string: 'Welcome to the network, ' and the user's nick.",
-      "minItems": 1,
-      "maxItems": 1
+      "description": "Welcome text lines."
    }
  },
  "required": [
    "command",
-    "code",
-    "from",
    "to",
    "body"
  ],
  "examples": [
    {
-      "command": "RPL_WELCOME",
-      "code": 1,
-      "from": "neoirc",
+      "command": "001",
      "to": "alice",
      "body": [
        "Welcome to the network, alice"
@@ -2,48 +2,34 @@
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/schema/numerics/002.json",
  "title": "002 RPL_YOURHOST",
-  "description": "The server's name and version. Sent right after RPL_WELCOME. RFC 2812 §5.1.",
+  "description": "Server host info sent after session creation. RFC 2812 \u00a75.1.",
  "$ref": "../message.json",
  "properties": {
    "command": {
-      "const": "RPL_YOURHOST"
-    },
-    "code": {
-      "const": 2
-    },
-    "from": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The server name."
+      "const": "002"
    },
    "to": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The user's nick."
+      "type": "string"
    },
    "body": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "type": "string"
      },
-      "description": "One string: 'Your host is ', the server name, ', running version ' and the version.",
-      "minItems": 1,
-      "maxItems": 1
+      "description": "Host info lines."
    }
  },
  "required": [
    "command",
-    "code",
-    "from",
    "to",
    "body"
  ],
  "examples": [
    {
-      "command": "RPL_YOURHOST",
-      "code": 2,
-      "from": "neoirc",
+      "command": "002",
      "to": "alice",
      "body": [
-        "Your host is neoirc, running version dev"
+        "Your host is neoirc.example.com, running version 0.1.0"
      ]
    }
  ]
@@ -2,45 +2,31 @@
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/schema/numerics/003.json",
  "title": "003 RPL_CREATED",
-  "description": "The date the server last started. Sent right after RPL_YOURHOST. RFC 2812 §5.1.",
+  "description": "Server creation date. RFC 2812 \u00a75.1.",
  "$ref": "../message.json",
  "properties": {
    "command": {
-      "const": "RPL_CREATED"
-    },
-    "code": {
-      "const": 3
-    },
-    "from": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The server name."
+      "const": "003"
    },
    "to": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The user's nick."
+      "type": "string"
    },
    "body": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "type": "string"
      },
-      "description": "One string: 'This server was created ' and the start date as YYYY-MM-DD.",
-      "minItems": 1,
-      "maxItems": 1
+      "description": "Text lines."
    }
  },
  "required": [
    "command",
-    "code",
-    "from",
    "to",
    "body"
  ],
  "examples": [
    {
-      "command": "RPL_CREATED",
-      "code": 3,
-      "from": "neoirc",
+      "command": "003",
      "to": "alice",
      "body": [
        "This server was created 2026-02-01"
@@ -2,64 +2,37 @@
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/schema/numerics/004.json",
  "title": "004 RPL_MYINFO",
-  "description": "The server's name, its version, and its lists of user and channel modes. Sent right after RPL_CREATED. RFC 2812 §5.1.",
+  "description": "Server info (name, version, available modes). RFC 2812 \u00a75.1.",
  "$ref": "../message.json",
  "properties": {
    "command": {
-      "const": "RPL_MYINFO"
-    },
-    "code": {
-      "const": 4
-    },
-    "from": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The server name."
+      "const": "004"
    },
    "to": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The user's nick."
+      "type": "string"
    },
    "params": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "type": "string"
      },
-      "description": "The server name, the version, the user modes 'ow' and the channel modes 'Hbiklmnostv'.",
-      "minItems": 4,
-      "maxItems": 4
-    },
-    "body": {
-      "type": "array",
-      "items": {
-        "type": "string"
-      },
-      "description": "One empty string.",
-      "minItems": 1,
-      "maxItems": 1
+      "description": "[server_name, version, user_modes, channel_modes]."
    }
  },
  "required": [
    "command",
-    "code",
-    "from",
    "to",
-    "params",
-    "body"
+    "params"
  ],
  "examples": [
    {
-      "command": "RPL_MYINFO",
-      "code": 4,
-      "from": "neoirc",
+      "command": "004",
      "to": "alice",
      "params": [
-        "neoirc",
-        "dev",
-        "ow",
-        "Hbiklmnostv"
-      ],
-      "body": [
-        ""
+        "neoirc.example.com",
+        "0.1.0",
+        "o",
+        "imnst+ov"
      ]
    }
  ]
@@ -2,55 +2,38 @@
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/schema/numerics/322.json",
  "title": "322 RPL_LIST",
-  "description": "One channel in the answer to LIST. The answer has one per channel, except a secret channel, one with mode +s, that the user is not on. RFC 1459 §6.2.",
+  "description": "Channel list entry. One per channel in response to LIST. RFC 1459 \u00a76.2.",
  "$ref": "../message.json",
  "properties": {
    "command": {
-      "const": "RPL_LIST"
-    },
-    "code": {
-      "const": 322
-    },
-    "from": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The server name."
+      "const": "322"
    },
    "to": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The user's nick."
+      "type": "string"
    },
    "params": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "type": "string"
      },
-      "description": "The channel name and its number of members.",
-      "minItems": 2,
-      "maxItems": 2
+      "description": "[channel, visible_count]."
    },
    "body": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "type": "string"
      },
-      "description": "One string: the channel's topic, empty when it has none.",
-      "minItems": 1,
-      "maxItems": 1
+      "description": "Channel topic."
    }
  },
  "required": [
    "command",
-    "code",
-    "from",
    "to",
-    "params",
-    "body"
+    "params"
  ],
  "examples": [
    {
-      "command": "RPL_LIST",
-      "code": 322,
-      "from": "neoirc",
+      "command": "322",
      "to": "alice",
      "params": [
        "#general",
@@ -2,49 +2,26 @@
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/schema/numerics/323.json",
  "title": "323 RPL_LISTEND",
-  "description": "The end of the answer to LIST. RFC 1459 §6.2.",
+  "description": "End of channel list. RFC 1459 \u00a76.2.",
  "$ref": "../message.json",
  "properties": {
    "command": {
-      "const": "RPL_LISTEND"
-    },
-    "code": {
-      "const": 323
-    },
-    "from": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The server name."
+      "const": "323"
    },
    "to": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The user's nick."
+      "type": "string"
    },
    "body": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "type": "string"
      },
-      "description": "One string: 'End of /LIST'.",
-      "minItems": 1,
+      "description": "End of /LIST",
      "maxItems": 1
    }
  },
  "required": [
    "command",
-    "code",
-    "from",
-    "to",
-    "body"
-  ],
-  "examples": [
-    {
-      "command": "RPL_LISTEND",
-      "code": 323,
-      "from": "neoirc",
-      "to": "alice",
-      "body": [
-        "End of /LIST"
-      ]
-    }
+    "to"
  ]
 }
@@ -2,55 +2,39 @@
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/schema/numerics/332.json",
  "title": "332 RPL_TOPIC",
-  "description": "A channel's topic. Sent to a client after it sets the topic, and after it joins a channel that has one. Also sent for each of a session's channels that has one after a login, and for GET /api/v1/state?initChannelState=1. RFC 1459 §6.2.",
+  "description": "Channel topic (sent on JOIN or TOPIC query). RFC 1459 \u00a76.2.",
  "$ref": "../message.json",
  "properties": {
    "command": {
-      "const": "RPL_TOPIC"
-    },
-    "code": {
-      "const": 332
-    },
-    "from": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The server name."
+      "const": "332"
    },
    "to": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The user's nick."
+      "type": "string"
    },
    "params": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "type": "string"
      },
-      "description": "The channel name.",
-      "minItems": 1,
-      "maxItems": 1
+      "description": "[channel]."
    },
    "body": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "type": "string"
      },
-      "description": "One string: the topic.",
-      "minItems": 1,
-      "maxItems": 1
+      "description": "Topic text."
    }
  },
  "required": [
    "command",
-    "code",
-    "from",
    "to",
    "params",
    "body"
  ],
  "examples": [
    {
-      "command": "RPL_TOPIC",
-      "code": 332,
-      "from": "neoirc",
+      "command": "332",
      "to": "alice",
      "params": [
        "#general"
@@ -2,62 +2,46 @@
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/schema/numerics/353.json",
  "title": "353 RPL_NAMREPLY",
-  "description": "A channel's members. Sent to a client after it joins a channel, and in answer to NAMES. Also sent for each of a session's channels after a login, and for GET /api/v1/state?initChannelState=1. RFC 1459 §6.2.",
+  "description": "Channel member list. Sent on JOIN or NAMES query. RFC 1459 \u00a76.2.",
  "$ref": "../message.json",
  "properties": {
    "command": {
-      "const": "RPL_NAMREPLY"
-    },
-    "code": {
-      "const": 353
-    },
-    "from": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The server name."
+      "const": "353"
    },
    "to": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The user's nick."
+      "type": "string"
    },
    "params": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "type": "string"
      },
-      "description": "'=' and the channel name. The server always sends '='.",
-      "minItems": 2,
-      "maxItems": 2
+      "description": "[channel_type, channel]. channel_type: = (public), * (private), @ (secret)."
    },
    "body": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "type": "string"
      },
-      "description": "One string: the members as nick!user@host, separated by spaces. '@' comes before a channel operator and '+' before a voiced member. The host is '*' when the server does not know it.",
-      "minItems": 1,
-      "maxItems": 1
+      "description": "Space-separated list of nicks. Prefixed with @ for ops, + for voiced."
    }
  },
  "required": [
    "command",
-    "code",
-    "from",
    "to",
    "params",
    "body"
  ],
  "examples": [
    {
-      "command": "RPL_NAMREPLY",
-      "code": 353,
-      "from": "neoirc",
+      "command": "353",
      "to": "alice",
      "params": [
        "=",
        "#general"
      ],
      "body": [
-        "@op1!op1@host1 alice!alice@host2 +bob!bob@host3"
+        "@op1 alice bob +voiced1"
      ]
    }
  ]
@@ -2,62 +2,34 @@
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/schema/numerics/366.json",
  "title": "366 RPL_ENDOFNAMES",
-  "description": "The end of a channel's member list. It comes after the RPL_NAMREPLY for the channel. RFC 1459 §6.2.",
+  "description": "End of NAMES list. RFC 1459 \u00a76.2.",
  "$ref": "../message.json",
  "properties": {
    "command": {
-      "const": "RPL_ENDOFNAMES"
-    },
-    "code": {
-      "const": 366
-    },
-    "from": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The server name."
+      "const": "366"
    },
    "to": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The user's nick."
+      "type": "string"
    },
    "params": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "type": "string"
      },
-      "description": "The channel name.",
-      "minItems": 1,
-      "maxItems": 1
+      "description": "[channel]."
    },
    "body": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "type": "string"
      },
-      "description": "One string: 'End of /NAMES list'.",
-      "minItems": 1,
+      "description": "End of /NAMES list",
      "maxItems": 1
    }
  },
  "required": [
    "command",
-    "code",
-    "from",
    "to",
-    "params",
-    "body"
-  ],
-  "examples": [
-    {
-      "command": "RPL_ENDOFNAMES",
-      "code": 366,
-      "from": "neoirc",
-      "to": "alice",
-      "params": [
-        "#general"
-      ],
-      "body": [
-        "End of /NAMES list"
-      ]
-    }
+    "params"
  ]
 }
@@ -2,45 +2,31 @@
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/schema/numerics/372.json",
  "title": "372 RPL_MOTD",
-  "description": "One line of the message of the day. The server sends one per line, after RPL_MOTDSTART. RFC 2812 §5.1.",
+  "description": "MOTD line. One message per line of the MOTD. RFC 2812 \u00a75.1.",
  "$ref": "../message.json",
  "properties": {
    "command": {
-      "const": "RPL_MOTD"
-    },
-    "code": {
-      "const": 372
-    },
-    "from": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The server name."
+      "const": "372"
    },
    "to": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The user's nick."
+      "type": "string"
    },
    "body": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "type": "string"
      },
-      "description": "One string: '- ' and the line.",
-      "minItems": 1,
-      "maxItems": 1
+      "description": "MOTD line text (prefixed with '- ')."
    }
  },
  "required": [
    "command",
-    "code",
-    "from",
    "to",
    "body"
  ],
  "examples": [
    {
-      "command": "RPL_MOTD",
-      "code": 372,
-      "from": "neoirc",
+      "command": "372",
      "to": "alice",
      "body": [
        "- Welcome to our server!"
@@ -2,49 +2,25 @@
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/schema/numerics/375.json",
  "title": "375 RPL_MOTDSTART",
-  "description": "The start of the message of the day. Sent after RPL_LUSERME (255) when the server has a message of the day. RFC 2812 §5.1.",
+  "description": "Start of MOTD. RFC 2812 \u00a75.1.",
  "$ref": "../message.json",
  "properties": {
    "command": {
-      "const": "RPL_MOTDSTART"
-    },
-    "code": {
-      "const": 375
-    },
-    "from": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The server name."
+      "const": "375"
    },
    "to": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The user's nick."
+      "type": "string"
    },
    "body": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "type": "string"
      },
-      "description": "One string: '- ', the server name and ' Message of the Day -'.",
-      "minItems": 1,
-      "maxItems": 1
+      "description": "Text lines."
    }
  },
  "required": [
    "command",
-    "code",
-    "from",
-    "to",
-    "body"
-  ],
-  "examples": [
-    {
-      "command": "RPL_MOTDSTART",
-      "code": 375,
-      "from": "neoirc",
-      "to": "alice",
-      "body": [
-        "- neoirc Message of the Day -"
-      ]
-    }
+    "to"
  ]
 }
@@ -2,49 +2,26 @@
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/schema/numerics/376.json",
  "title": "376 RPL_ENDOFMOTD",
-  "description": "The end of the message of the day. RFC 2812 §5.1.",
+  "description": "End of MOTD. RFC 2812 \u00a75.1.",
  "$ref": "../message.json",
  "properties": {
    "command": {
-      "const": "RPL_ENDOFMOTD"
-    },
-    "code": {
-      "const": 376
-    },
-    "from": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The server name."
+      "const": "376"
    },
    "to": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The user's nick."
+      "type": "string"
    },
    "body": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "type": "string"
      },
-      "description": "One string: 'End of /MOTD command.'.",
-      "minItems": 1,
+      "description": "End of /MOTD command",
      "maxItems": 1
    }
  },
  "required": [
    "command",
-    "code",
-    "from",
-    "to",
-    "body"
-  ],
-  "examples": [
-    {
-      "command": "RPL_ENDOFMOTD",
-      "code": 376,
-      "from": "neoirc",
-      "to": "alice",
-      "body": [
-        "End of /MOTD command."
-      ]
-    }
+    "to"
  ]
 }
@@ -2,61 +2,45 @@
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/schema/numerics/401.json",
  "title": "401 ERR_NOSUCHNICK",
-  "description": "No user has that nick. RFC 1459 §6.1.",
+  "description": "No such nick/channel. RFC 1459 \u00a76.1.",
  "$ref": "../message.json",
  "properties": {
    "command": {
-      "const": "ERR_NOSUCHNICK"
-    },
-    "code": {
-      "const": 401
-    },
-    "from": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The server name."
+      "const": "401"
    },
    "to": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The user's nick."
+      "type": "string"
    },
    "params": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "type": "string"
      },
-      "description": "The nick that was not found.",
-      "minItems": 1,
-      "maxItems": 1
+      "description": "[target_nick]."
    },
    "body": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "type": "string"
      },
-      "description": "One string: 'No such nick' in answer to a PRIVMSG or NOTICE, and 'No such nick/channel' in answer to anything else.",
-      "minItems": 1,
+      "description": "No such nick/channel",
      "maxItems": 1
    }
  },
  "required": [
    "command",
-    "code",
-    "from",
    "to",
-    "params",
-    "body"
+    "params"
  ],
  "examples": [
    {
-      "command": "ERR_NOSUCHNICK",
-      "code": 401,
-      "from": "neoirc",
+      "command": "401",
      "to": "alice",
      "params": [
        "bob"
      ],
      "body": [
-        "No such nick"
+        "No such nick/channel"
      ]
    }
  ]
@@ -2,55 +2,39 @@
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/schema/numerics/403.json",
  "title": "403 ERR_NOSUCHCHANNEL",
-  "description": "No channel has that name. A JOIN with a channel name that the server does not allow gets it too. RFC 1459 §6.1.",
+  "description": "No such channel. RFC 1459 \u00a76.1.",
  "$ref": "../message.json",
  "properties": {
    "command": {
-      "const": "ERR_NOSUCHCHANNEL"
-    },
-    "code": {
-      "const": 403
-    },
-    "from": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The server name."
+      "const": "403"
    },
    "to": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The user's nick."
+      "type": "string"
    },
    "params": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "type": "string"
      },
-      "description": "The channel name.",
-      "minItems": 1,
-      "maxItems": 1
+      "description": "[channel_name]."
    },
    "body": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "type": "string"
      },
-      "description": "One string: 'No such channel'.",
-      "minItems": 1,
+      "description": "No such channel",
      "maxItems": 1
    }
  },
  "required": [
    "command",
-    "code",
-    "from",
    "to",
-    "params",
-    "body"
+    "params"
  ],
  "examples": [
    {
-      "command": "ERR_NOSUCHCHANNEL",
-      "code": 403,
-      "from": "neoirc",
+      "command": "403",
      "to": "alice",
      "params": [
        "#nonexistent"
@@ -2,58 +2,42 @@
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/schema/numerics/433.json",
  "title": "433 ERR_NICKNAMEINUSE",
-  "description": "Another user has the nick. Sent in answer to a NICK. RFC 1459 §6.1.",
+  "description": "Nickname is already in use. RFC 1459 \u00a76.1.",
  "$ref": "../message.json",
  "properties": {
    "command": {
-      "const": "ERR_NICKNAMEINUSE"
-    },
-    "code": {
-      "const": 433
-    },
-    "from": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The server name."
+      "const": "433"
    },
    "to": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The user's nick, which has not changed."
+      "type": "string"
    },
    "params": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "type": "string"
      },
-      "description": "The nick that was asked for.",
-      "minItems": 1,
-      "maxItems": 1
+      "description": "[requested_nick]."
    },
    "body": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "type": "string"
      },
-      "description": "One string: 'Nickname is already in use'.",
-      "minItems": 1,
+      "description": "Nickname is already in use",
      "maxItems": 1
    }
  },
  "required": [
    "command",
-    "code",
-    "from",
    "to",
-    "params",
-    "body"
+    "params"
  ],
  "examples": [
    {
-      "command": "ERR_NICKNAMEINUSE",
-      "code": 433,
-      "from": "neoirc",
-      "to": "alice",
+      "command": "433",
+      "to": "*",
      "params": [
-        "bob"
+        "alice"
      ],
      "body": [
        "Nickname is already in use"
@@ -2,62 +2,34 @@
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/schema/numerics/442.json",
  "title": "442 ERR_NOTONCHANNEL",
-  "description": "The user is not on that channel. RFC 1459 §6.1.",
+  "description": "You're not on that channel. RFC 1459 \u00a76.1.",
  "$ref": "../message.json",
  "properties": {
    "command": {
-      "const": "ERR_NOTONCHANNEL"
-    },
-    "code": {
-      "const": 442
-    },
-    "from": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The server name."
+      "const": "442"
    },
    "to": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The user's nick."
+      "type": "string"
    },
    "params": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "type": "string"
      },
-      "description": "The channel name.",
-      "minItems": 1,
-      "maxItems": 1
+      "description": "[channel]."
    },
    "body": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "type": "string"
      },
-      "description": "One string: 'You're not on that channel'.",
-      "minItems": 1,
+      "description": "You're not on that channel",
      "maxItems": 1
    }
  },
  "required": [
    "command",
-    "code",
-    "from",
    "to",
-    "params",
-    "body"
-  ],
-  "examples": [
-    {
-      "command": "ERR_NOTONCHANNEL",
-      "code": 442,
-      "from": "neoirc",
-      "to": "alice",
-      "params": [
-        "#general"
-      ],
-      "body": [
-        "You're not on that channel"
-      ]
-    }
+    "params"
  ]
 }
@@ -2,62 +2,34 @@
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://sneak.berlin/go/neoirc/schema/numerics/482.json",
  "title": "482 ERR_CHANOPRIVSNEEDED",
-  "description": "The user is not a channel operator, and the command needs one. RFC 1459 §6.1.",
+  "description": "You're not channel operator. RFC 1459 \u00a76.1.",
  "$ref": "../message.json",
  "properties": {
    "command": {
-      "const": "ERR_CHANOPRIVSNEEDED"
-    },
-    "code": {
-      "const": 482
-    },
-    "from": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The server name."
+      "const": "482"
    },
    "to": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "The user's nick."
+      "type": "string"
    },
    "params": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "type": "string"
      },
-      "description": "The channel name.",
-      "minItems": 1,
-      "maxItems": 1
+      "description": "[channel]."
    },
    "body": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "type": "string"
      },
-      "description": "One string: 'You're not channel operator'.",
-      "minItems": 1,
+      "description": "You're not channel operator",
      "maxItems": 1
    }
  },
  "required": [
    "command",
-    "code",
-    "from",
    "to",
-    "params",
-    "body"
-  ],
-  "examples": [
-    {
-      "command": "ERR_CHANOPRIVSNEEDED",
-      "code": 482,
-      "from": "neoirc",
-      "to": "alice",
-      "params": [
-        "#general"
-      ],
-      "body": [
-        "You're not channel operator"
-      ]
-    }
+    "params"
  ]
 }