Refuse passwords over 72 bytes and confirm only stored ones (closes #144)

bcrypt cannot hash a password longer than 72 bytes. PASS over the HTTP
API answered one with a 500, and the IRC listener confirmed it without
storing it.

Both transports now refuse a password outside 8 to 72 bytes with the
reply a short one already got: 461 over the HTTP API, a NOTICE over the
IRC listener. setPassword returns its error, and "Password set" is sent
only when the password was stored. A PASS given before registration, an
empty one included, is checked after the welcome burst and gets the
same NOTICE.

Model: opus-5-5

internal/handlers/api_test.go

@@ -2906,32 +2906,73 @@ func TestPassCommand(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestPassCommandShortPassword(t *testing.T) {
-	tserver := newTestServer(t)
-	token := tserver.createSession("shortpw")
+// The shortest and longest password PASS accepts; bcrypt
+// cannot hash more than 72 bytes.
+const (
+	minPasswordBytes = 8
+	maxPasswordBytes = 72
+)
 
-	// Drain initial messages.
-	_, lastID := tserver.pollMessages(token, 0)
-
-	// Try short password — should fail.
-	status, _ := tserver.sendCommand(
-		token,
-		map[string]any{
-			commandKey: irc.CmdPass,
-			bodyKey:    []string{"short"},
-		},
-	)
-	if status != http.StatusOK {
-		t.Fatalf("expected 200, got %d", status)
+// TestPassCommandLength checks that PASS stores a password of
+// 8 to 72 bytes and refuses any other with 461. The limit
+// counts bytes: "é" is two bytes in UTF-8, so 72 of them are
+// refused.
+func TestPassCommandLength(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name     string
+		password string
+		stored   bool
+	}{
+		{"empty", "", false},
+		{"7 bytes", strings.Repeat("a", minPasswordBytes-1), false},
+		{"8 bytes", strings.Repeat("a", minPasswordBytes), true},
+		{"72 bytes", strings.Repeat("a", maxPasswordBytes), true},
+		{"73 bytes", strings.Repeat("a", maxPasswordBytes+1), false},
+		{"72 characters", strings.Repeat("é", maxPasswordBytes), false},
 	}
 
-	msgs, _ := tserver.pollMessages(token, lastID)
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			tserver := newTestServer(t)
+			token := tserver.createSession("pwlength")
 
-	if !findNumeric(msgs, "461") {
-		t.Fatalf(
-			"expected ERR_NEEDMOREPARAMS (461), got %v",
-			msgs,
-		)
+			_, lastID := tserver.pollMessages(token, 0)
+
+			status, result := tserver.sendCommand(
+				token,
+				map[string]any{
+					commandKey: irc.CmdPass,
+					bodyKey:    []string{tc.password},
+				},
+			)
+			if status != http.StatusOK {
+				t.Fatalf("expected 200, got %d: %v", status, result)
+			}
+
+			if !tc.stored {
+				msgs, _ := tserver.pollMessages(token, lastID)
+				if !findNumeric(msgs, "461") {
+					t.Fatalf(
+						"expected ERR_NEEDMOREPARAMS (461), got %v",
+						msgs,
+					)
+				}
+
+				return
+			}
+
+			if result[statusKey] != "ok" {
+				t.Fatalf("expected ok, got %v", result)
+			}
+
+			postJSONExpectStatus(
+				t, tserver, "/api/v1/login",
+				map[string]string{
+					nickKey: "pwlength", passwordKey: tc.password,
+				},
+				http.StatusOK,
+			)
+		})
 	}
 }