Check the -o path before looking for the mnemonic (closes #87)

age encrypt and age decrypt looked at the -o path only after the
mnemonic had been obtained, so a path that could never be written
still prompted for the mnemonic or ran the mnemonic command. Both now
refuse, before the key is derived, an -o path that is a directory or a
symlink to one, whose directory is missing or is not a directory, or
that is a symlink pointing at nothing. The check creates nothing;
output still looks at the path when it writes, so the file beside the
target is made when it was before. The README names the -o path among
what is checked first.

Model: opus-5-5

internal/cli/age_test.go

@@ -108,6 +108,44 @@ func TestAnInputFileThatCannotBeOpenedIsRefused(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// The mnemonic command fails in these runs, so the refusal of the -o
+// path shows that it was looked at before the mnemonic was looked for.
+func TestAnOutputPathThatCannotBeWrittenIsRefused(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv(mnemonic.CommandVariable, failingMnemonicCommand)
+
+	plain := written(t, "notes.txt", "the secret\n")
+	directory := t.TempDir()
+	missing := filepath.Join(directory, "missing")
+	dangling := filepath.Join(directory, "dangling")
+	require.NoError(t, os.Symlink(missing, dangling))
+
+	toDirectory := filepath.Join(directory, "to-directory")
+	require.NoError(t, os.Symlink(t.TempDir(), toDirectory))
+
+	refusals := map[string]error{
+		filepath.Join(missing, "notes.age"): fs.ErrNotExist,
+		filepath.Join(plain, "notes.age"):   syscall.ENOTDIR,
+		dangling:                            fs.ErrNotExist,
+		directory:                           syscall.EISDIR,
+		toDirectory:                         syscall.EISDIR,
+	}
+
+	for name, refusal := range refusals {
+		out, err := execute(t, "age", "encrypt", "-o", name, plain)
+		require.ErrorIs(t, err, refusal, name)
+		require.Empty(t, out, name)
+
+		out, err = execute(t, "age", "decrypt", "-o", name, plain)
+		require.ErrorIs(t, err, refusal, name)
+		require.Empty(t, out, name)
+	}
+
+	// Nothing was made beside the two symlinks.
+	left, err := os.ReadDir(directory)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Len(t, left, 2)
+}
+
 func TestAFileForAnotherKeyIsRefused(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Setenv(mnemonic.Variable, example())