build: isolate golangci-lint cache and lock per checkout (closes #121)

script/lint used golangci-lint's per-user global state, which breaks
when several checkouts on one host lint concurrently. Two independent
failure modes, two causes:

- Cross-contamination. The analysis cache (GOLANGCI_LINT_CACHE,
  default ~/.cache/golangci-lint) is keyed by content, not by
  checkout, so a hit written by another checkout is replayed with
  that checkout's file paths. A run reports findings for files it
  never linted.

- Lock collision. golangci-lint locks os.TempDir()/golangci-lint.lock
  (pkg/commands/run.go, acquireFileLock), which is NOT in the cache
  directory, with a 5s timeout. Peers that hold it longer make the
  run abort with "parallel golangci-lint is running" - a non-result
  that reads as a lint failure. Isolating the cache does not move it.

Point GOLANGCI_LINT_CACHE and TMPDIR at .lint-cache/ under the
checkout root, using the existing $ROOT idiom. TMPDIR is what makes
the lock per-checkout, so the lock keeps serialising the runs that
actually share a cache instead of being disabled. .lint-cache/ is
git-ignored and Docker-ignored, and the cache persists across runs in
a checkout, so caching is not lost.

Reproduced both modes on the unfixed script across 12 copies of this
tree: 10 of 12 concurrent runs void with the lock error, and 11 of 12
sequential runs reported findings at ../w1/... after an identical
lint-failing file was added to every copy. After the fix, 20-way
concurrency gives 0 void and 0 foreign paths, and each copy reports
only its own relative path.

README.md

@@ -387,7 +387,10 @@ them. We provide:
 - `script/projectname` — print the project name (used for the Docker
   image tag)
 - `script/test` — run the test suite (race detector, coverage)
-- `script/lint` — run golangci-lint
+- `script/lint` — run golangci-lint, with its cache and its lock file
+  isolated to this checkout (under the git-ignored `.lint-cache/`) so
+  concurrent checkouts on one host cannot share cache entries or
+  contend on a single lock
 - `script/fmt` — format all code (gofmt -s, goimports)
 - `script/fmt-check` — check formatting (read-only)
 - `script/check` — run test, lint, and fmt-check