script: force lint and test to run in cibuild and docker (closes #115)

script/cibuild and script/docker were plain docker build. On an
unchanged tree the lint stage and the builder stage, which runs make
test, came from the layer cache, so the build passed without linting
or querying live DNS. Both scripts now pass
--no-cache-filter=lint,builder so those stages run on every build, as
script/lint already does for its own lint stage. Dependency downloads
inside those stages re-run each build. Each of the two stages in the
Dockerfile now notes that the scripts name it. README and TODO.md
updated to match.

Model: opus-4-8 (implementation); opus-5-5 (rework)

Dockerfile

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 # The linter is invoked directly rather than through `make lint`: that
 # target shells out to `docker build -f Dockerfile.lint`, and there is
 # no docker daemon inside a docker build.
+# script/cibuild and script/docker name this stage in --no-cache-filter.
 # golangci/golangci-lint:v2.12.2 (Debian-based), 2026-08-10
 FROM golangci/golangci-lint:v2.12.2@sha256:5cceeef04e53efe1470638d4b4b4f5ceefd574955ab3941b2d9a68a8c9ad5240 AS lint
 
@@ -15,6 +16,7 @@ RUN make fmt-check
 RUN golangci-lint run --config .golangci.yml ./...
 
 # Build stage
+# script/cibuild and script/docker name this stage in --no-cache-filter.
 # golang 1.25-alpine, 2026-02-28
 FROM golang@sha256:f6751d823c26342f9506c03797d2527668d095b0a15f1862cddb4d927a7a4ced AS builder