fix: settle a site approval on the port that carries its teardown (closes #275)

Approve and window.close() left the popup on the next line, and the decision
and the disconnect the close caused travelled independent channels with nothing
ordering them. The disconnect handler settled a pending site approval as a
rejection, so whichever landed first decided the outcome. Driven in a tab the
teardown won every time: the user allowed the connection and the dApp was told
they had refused.

The decision now goes out on the approval port the popup already opens, which
is the same port the close disconnects. One channel is ordered -- a message
posted on a port is delivered before that port's own disconnect -- so the
approval is settled before the teardown is even seen, and the disconnect then
finds nothing pending to reject. Nothing waits, nothing is timed, and the popup
closes exactly as immediately as before.

windows.onRemoved no longer decides a site approval whose port is connected
either. In the fallback-window shape that event races the decision on a channel
of its own, which is the same defect one level over; the port disconnect says
the same thing in a defined order, so it is left to say it. A window that
closes before its popup ever connected has nothing else to speak for it and is
still rejected there, so no dApp is left waiting on a window that is gone.

Rejecting reports a rejection, and so does closing without deciding, in both
shapes. AUTISTMASK_APPROVAL_RESPONSE is gone; the port name carries the
approval id, so the popup no longer names one, and the sender check the message
carried moved to the port.

tests/backgroundApproval.test.js drives decide-then-disconnect with nothing
awaited in between, in the toolbar-popup shape that production uses and in the
fallback-window shape, and asserts every close-without-deciding path still
rejects. tests/e2e/run.js drops the deferred-window.close() accommodation it
carried for this bug, so the two site-prompt tests now drive the shipped
decide-then-close in a real Chromium.

Makefile

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-.PHONY: bootstrap setup install test test-e2e lint fmt fmt-check check docker hooks build build-debug verify-build clean dev
+.PHONY: bootstrap setup install test test-e2e test-e2e-firefox lint fmt fmt-check check docker hooks build build-debug verify-build clean dev
 
 # Standard targets are thin shims; the implementations live in script/
 # per the scripts-to-rule-them-all pattern (see the Entrypoints section
@@ -16,10 +16,13 @@ install:
 test:
 	@script/test
 
-# Browser end-to-end suite. Requires docker; not part of check.
+# Browser end-to-end suites. Both require docker; neither is part of check.
 test-e2e:
 	@script/test-e2e
 
+test-e2e-firefox:
+	@script/test-e2e-firefox
+
 lint:
 	@script/lint
 

README.md

@@ -83,18 +83,29 @@ provide:
   git pre-commit hook
 - `script/projectname` — print the project name (used for the Docker image tag)
 - `script/test` — run the test suite (jest)
-- `script/test-e2e` — run the browser end-to-end suite (docker required; see
+- `script/test-e2e` — run the Chrome browser end-to-end suite (docker required;
+  see [End-to-End Tests](#end-to-end-tests))
+- `script/test-e2e-firefox` — run the Firefox browser end-to-end suite (docker
+  required; builds its own pinned image, see
   [End-to-End Tests](#end-to-end-tests))
 - `script/lint` — run the linter
 - `script/fmt` — format all files (writes)
 - `script/fmt-check` — check formatting (read-only)
-- `script/check` — run test, lint, and fmt-check
+- `script/check` — run test, test-verify-build, lint, and fmt-check
 - `script/verify-build` — assert the compiled `DEBUG` state of the bundles in
   `dist/`: every bundle containing `src/shared/constants.js` must have `DEBUG`
   off, or on when `AUTISTMASK_DEBUG=1`. Run automatically at the end of
   `make build` and `make build-debug`; fails loudly rather than passing if it
   cannot determine a bundle's state. Not part of `make check`, which does not
   depend on build artifacts existing.
+- `script/test-verify-build` — exercise every failure mode of
+  `script/verify-build` against a fixture tree in a temp dir, asserting the exit
+  status and the message of each. Part of `make check`; it reads no build
+  artifacts and writes nothing under `dist/`. The cases that depend on file
+  permissions cannot mean anything for a process that is not subject to them, so
+  the harness proves its runner against a mode-000 file before counting them,
+  dropping to an unprivileged user when run as root; if it cannot, it skips
+  those cases and says so in a banner rather than passing them.
 - `script/docker` — build the Docker image tagged via `script/projectname`
 - `script/cibuild` — CI entrypoint: plain `docker build .`
 - `script/precommit` — run by the git pre-commit hook; runs `script/check`
@@ -115,6 +126,14 @@ The Makefile shims to those. It also carries a few targets that have no
 
 ## End-to-End Tests
 
+There are two suites, one per browser, and they share no code. Chrome runs on
+Playwright; Firefox has its own WebDriver client, because Playwright cannot
+observe errors on a Firefox extension page at all — see
+[Firefox](#firefox-make-test-e2e-firefox) below. Both require docker, and both
+are outside `make check`.
+
+### Chrome (`make test-e2e`)
+
 `make test-e2e` builds `dist/chrome/` and drives the **real popup in a real
 Chrome**, loaded as an unpacked MV3 extension inside a pinned
 `mcr.microsoft.com/playwright` container (pinned by digest in `script/test-e2e`;
@@ -130,11 +149,59 @@ transfer, and the recovery phrase screen — which wallet types are offered it,
 that it holds nothing before the password is accepted, that a wrong password
 reveals nothing, that leaving it by either route wipes it — including a leave
 taken while the decrypt is still running — and that reopening the popup does not
-land on it. All outbound network is intercepted at the browser level and served
-from fixtures in `tests/e2e/network.js`, so the run is deterministic and fully
+land on it. It also covers address removal: which wallets offer the control at
+all, that the confirmation states the route back rather than showing an empty
+paragraph, that leaving the confirmation removes nothing, and that confirming it
+does. All outbound network is intercepted at the browser level and served from
+fixtures in `tests/e2e/network.js`, so the run is deterministic and fully
 offline; unrecognised outbound requests are reported as failures rather than
 silently allowed.
 
+It also covers the confirmation screen, for both a native ETH send and an ERC-20
+send: Send disabled while the fee estimate is in flight, enabled once it lands,
+the fee block quoting the expected cost and the reserve separately, the distinct
+message for an estimate that failed, and the view height staying constant across
+every one of those transitions. The load-bearing one is that the spend gate uses
+the **reserve** and not the displayed **estimate** — the two are stubbed far
+apart on purpose, and the funded and refused sends sit on opposite sides of the
+reserve while sitting on the same side of the estimate, so swapping the two in
+`src/popup/views/confirmTx.js` fails the suite instead of passing it. That is
+what [#154](https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/AutistMask/issues/154) was, and it was
+previously correct by reading only.
+
+It also covers the **dApp approval round trips** — the one place where the
+content script, the inpage provider, the background worker and the approval
+popup all have to work together. A local test page is served by the route
+handler on a reserved-TLD origin, gets `window.ethereum` from the shipped
+`MAIN`-world content script like any other page, and drives
+`eth_requestAccounts`, `personal_sign`, `eth_signTypedData_v4` and
+`eth_sendTransaction` through the real prompts. Every signature is recovered in
+the runner and compared against the active address, the transaction assertions
+run against the raw signed transaction captured at `eth_sendRawTransaction`
+rather than against anything the extension reported, rejecting each prompt is
+required to return a rejection to the page rather than hang or resolve, and the
+password is required to be absent from every message the approval window sends
+to the background — with the message that would carry it required to be present,
+so that check cannot pass by observing nothing. That last one is the standing
+floor under [#157](https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/AutistMask/issues/157).
+
+Three limits of that coverage, none of them papered over. The RPC is stubbed
+throughout, so this is **not** a real dApp against a real network with real
+funds; that remains a human pass before 1.0.0. The site-connection prompt is
+raised through `chrome.action.openPopup()`, and headless Chromium's
+browser-action popup is not a page Playwright can see or click, so that one
+prompt is driven at the URL the extension itself puts on the action — the same
+page and the same approval id, but whether a real toolbar click shows it is not
+observable here. And the EIP-1193 error code does not survive the last hop: the
+rejection that crosses the boundary carries code 4001 and is asserted to, but
+`src/content/inpage.js` rebuilds it as `new Error(message)`, so the calling page
+catches an error with no `code` property.
+
+Any test that drives a failure path on purpose declares the `console.error` it
+is about to provoke, via `errors.expect()`. That is not a mute: the declaration
+consumes exactly one matching record, and a declaration nothing matched fails
+its test just as an undeclared error does.
+
 That reporting has one bound worth knowing. Observation ends when the browser
 context is torn down, and nothing can watch traffic after that, so the run keeps
 collecting for a fixed grace period after the last test returns
@@ -172,12 +239,90 @@ a `ReferenceError` from a used-but-not-imported identifier is invisible to
 `make check` (`script/lint` is only `prettier --check`) but fatal in a browser,
 and this suite exists because exactly that class of bug shipped twice.
 
-`make test-e2e` is deliberately **not** part of `make check` or `make test`.
-`REPO_POLICIES.md` caps `make test` at 20 seconds and a browser suite does not
-fit; nothing in `tests/e2e/` is named `*.test.js`, so jest cannot pick it up
-either. It is also not wired into the Gitea workflow yet — docker-in-docker in
-CI is a separate question. Run it locally before changing anything under
-`src/popup/views/`.
+### Firefox (`make test-e2e-firefox`)
+
+`make test-e2e-firefox` builds `dist/firefox/` and drives the **real popup in a
+real Firefox**, installed as an unpacked MV2 temporary add-on via geckodriver.
+It covers popup load, wallet creation through the UI, and the Add Token screen.
+The suite lives in `tests/e2e/firefox/` and has **no npm dependencies at all**:
+it is a small WebDriver client built on global `fetch` and `child_process`
+against geckodriver's HTTP API.
+
+Unlike the Chrome suite it builds its own container image rather than pulling a
+published one, because no published image carries both a pinned Firefox and a
+matching geckodriver. `tests/e2e/firefox/Dockerfile` pins all three external
+artifacts by digest — the `node` base image, the Firefox 153.0.3 tarball, and
+geckodriver 0.36.0 — and the Firefox version in particular must not float:
+`-remote-allow-system-access` is **mandatory** on 153 and was not on 142.
+Without that flag, both navigating to `moz-extension://` and running
+chrome-context script fail with `unsupported operation`. The flag grants the
+driver full chrome privileges over that browser, which is acceptable only
+because it is a throwaway container.
+
+The popup's `moz-extension://` uuid is **pinned, not discovered**: the profile
+pref `extensions.webextensions.uuids` maps the extension id that
+`manifest/firefox.json` already declares to a fixed uuid, so the popup URL is
+deterministic. Navigation uses **classic** WebDriver `POST /session/{id}/url`,
+because BiDi's `browsingContext.navigate` refuses `moz-extension://` outright.
+
+**Any uncaught error from a `moz-extension://` source fails the run**, including
+errors from the background page, which the suite never navigates to: a `throw`
+at the top of `src/background/index.js` kills the background page and fails
+step 1. Content-script errors should arrive by the same route, but this suite
+does not exercise it and does not claim it — with `--network none` there is no
+`http://` page for a content script to be injected into. Errors from add-on
+install and background startup are folded into step 1 rather than discarded.
+Errors are read from the privileged `nsIConsoleService` in Marionette's chrome
+context and filtered to non-warning entries whose `sourceName` is the extension
+origin. That mechanism is not a stylistic choice. WebDriver BiDi's
+`log.entryAdded` delivers **nothing** for extension pages: on a plain `http://`
+page it reports uncaught errors with stack traces, and on the `moz-extension://`
+popup it reports zero events, because Firefox's remote agent excludes extension
+browsing contexts from BiDi observation. Any harness built on Playwright-BiDi or
+Puppeteer-BiDi would therefore see nothing and report success, which is exactly
+the vacuous check this repo has already shipped twice. Do not migrate this suite
+to BiDi.
+
+Two limits are worth knowing, both real differences from the Chrome suite:
+
+- **Error capture is poll-based, not event-streamed.** The console is drained at
+  each step boundary, so an error is attributed to the step it was drained
+  after, not to a moment within it. The window that is drained runs from add-on
+  install to **≈1.5s** after the last step returns — a 500ms settle, a 1000ms
+  tail sleep and two drain round trips — and then the browser is torn down. That
+  cut-off is not a hard boundary: with throws scheduled at fixed offsets, three
+  runs reported everything up to +1.5s and one of the three also reported +1.6s,
+  so an error landing near it may or may not be seen, and anything well past it
+  is not. Inside the window there is no race — each drain reads and clears the
+  console in a single chrome round trip, so an error logged mid-drain lands in
+  that batch or the next rather than being destroyed unread — but there is a
+  **capacity limit**: `nsIConsoleService` keeps a ring buffer of 250 messages
+  and silently evicts the oldest, so more than 250 console messages between two
+  drains destroys the excess unread. 400 throws inside one step are reported as
+  exactly the newest 250, three runs running. That buffer is shared with
+  Firefox's own console noise; a clean run peaks at 4 of 250 at the install
+  drain and 0 at every later drain, so the three steps here have wide headroom,
+  but a step that logs heavily could evict unread errors. What poll-based costs
+  is location, not coverage: an error cannot be placed within a step the way the
+  Chrome suite's `pageerror` events place it.
+- **Nothing is stubbed, which inverts the coverage of network-dependent code.**
+  There is no fixture layer; the container runs with `--network none` instead,
+  so the run is offline and deterministic and no request can escape. The
+  extension swallows its own fetch failures, so the flows are unaffected — but
+  every network call fails, so only the _failure_ branches of code that depends
+  on one are ever executed. A `ReferenceError` in the success path of
+  `renderTransactions`, or of price or balance rendering, passes this suite
+  green. The offline run is also weaker than the Chrome suite's interception: it
+  proves nothing got out, but it cannot report which requests were attempted.
+  Closing that gap needs a fixture layer, deliberately out of scope for this
+  harness.
+
+Neither `make test-e2e` nor `make test-e2e-firefox` is part of `make check` or
+`make test`. `REPO_POLICIES.md` caps `make test` at 20 seconds and a browser
+suite does not fit; nothing in `tests/e2e/` is named `*.test.js`, so jest cannot
+pick it up either. Neither is wired into the Gitea workflow yet —
+docker-in-docker in CI is a separate question. Run them locally before changing
+anything under `src/popup/views/`.
 
 ## Rationale
 
@@ -221,6 +366,7 @@ src/
     prices.js         — ETH/USD and token/USD via CoinDesk API
     scamlist.js       — known fraud contract addresses
     state.js          — persisted state (extension storage)
+    symbolSpoof.js    — the known-symbol spoof rule, shared by all surfaces
     tokenList.js      — top ERC-20 tokens by market cap (hardcoded)
     transactions.js   — tx history fetching + anti-poisoning filters
     uniswap.js        — Uniswap Universal Router calldata decoder
@@ -450,11 +596,12 @@ Which tokens an address shows is decided by `fetchTokenBalances()` in
 tokens do appear without the user adding them. An ERC-20 is shown when its
 balance is nonzero and it is in the bundled known-token list, is tracked by the
 user, or has 1,000 or more holders; a token claiming a symbol from the bundled
-list from any other contract address is always dropped. That filter is
-unconditional — the "Hide tokens with fewer than 1,000 holders" setting governs
-the transaction history and the send-screen token selector, not this list.
-Tracked tokens with a zero balance are listed as well while "Show tracked tokens
-with zero balance" is on.
+list from any other contract address is always dropped, and so is any token
+claiming a symbol that belongs to the native asset and therefore has no
+legitimate contract at all (`"ETH"`). That filter is unconditional — the "Hide
+tokens with fewer than 1,000 holders" setting governs the transaction history
+and the send-screen token selector, not this list. Tracked tokens with a zero
+balance are listed as well while "Show tracked tokens with zero balance" is on.
 
 #### Navigation
 
@@ -491,6 +638,29 @@ ExportPrivKey and ShowRecoveryPhrase — are deliberately absent from that list,
 so the popup can never reopen onto one of them with no password prompt in front
 of it.
 
+A reopened popup renders the wallet list and the one screen it restores onto,
+and nothing else, so every screen on the stack behind that one is still the
+blank template from `index.html`. "Back" therefore renders its target rather
+than only unhiding it, through the same dispatch and data guards as the restore
+(`src/popup/viewRouter.js`), and falls back to Home when the state the target
+would render is gone.
+
+It renders only a screen this page load has not rendered yet. Forward navigation
+renders as it goes, and `viewRouter.js` records every screen that reaches
+`showView()`, so "Back" onto a screen already on the page unhides it and nothing
+more — rendering it a second time would re-fetch and overwrite what it holds,
+such as an edit typed into Settings and not yet saved. Home is the one screen
+"Back" always re-renders, so the wallet list reflects anything that changed
+while the user was away from it.
+
+Every screen that holds secret material in the page registers a cleanup with
+`onViewLeave()` (`src/popup/views/helpers.js`), which `showView()` runs on every
+exit from that screen rather than only on its "Back" button, so nothing secret
+survives in a hidden view once the user has navigated away by any route. That
+covers the revealed private key and recovery phrase, the recovery phrase,
+private key or extended private key entered on AddWallet, and the password typed
+on ConfirmTx, DeleteWallet, ApproveTx and ApproveSign.
+
 #### Welcome (`welcome`)
 
 - **When**: No wallets exist yet (`state.hasWallet` is false). This is the root
@@ -513,8 +683,9 @@ of it.
     - Wallet list: each wallet shows its name (tap to rename inline) and a "+"
       button for HD and xprv wallets, then one block per address with "Address
       N" (bold when active), the ENS name if resolved, the full address, an
-      `[info]` button, the address USD total, and a balance line for ETH and for
-      each token shown for that address
+      `[info]` button, an `[x]` button (only on HD and xprv wallets holding more
+      than one address), the address USD total, and a balance line for ETH and
+      for each token shown for that address
     - "Recent Transactions": up to 25 transactions merged across every address
       of every wallet, deduplicated by hash and filtered
     - "Add additional wallet..." link at bottom
@@ -524,6 +695,7 @@ of it.
     - Tap wallet name → inline rename field (no screen change)
     - "+" on wallet → derives the next address inline (no screen change)
     - `[info]` on address → **AddressDetail**
+    - `[x]` on address → **DeleteAddress**
     - "Send" → **Send** (refuses with a flash message on a zero balance)
     - "Receive" → **Receive** (shows active address QR)
     - Tap home tx row → **TransactionDetail**
@@ -601,10 +773,15 @@ of it.
     - "Reveal" (correct password) → decrypts the wallet secret, derives this
       address's key, hides the password input and shows the key (no screen
       change)
-    - "Reveal" (wrong password) → "Wrong password." on the error line, nothing
-      revealed
-    - "Back" → clears the key and password from the DOM, then → previous screen
-      (AddressDetail)
+    - "Reveal" (wrong password) → full-sentence error on the error line, nothing
+      revealed (no screen change)
+    - "Back" → previous screen (AddressDetail)
+- **Secret handling**: nothing is decrypted, no key is derived, and nothing is
+  written into the page until the password is accepted; the key is never stored
+  in state, and it is wiped from the page whenever the screen is left by any
+  route, including the Settings gear. A decrypt still running when the screen is
+  left is discarded rather than written. The screen is not restorable, so
+  reopening the popup lands on Home rather than back on the key.
 
 #### AddressToken (`address-token`)
 
@@ -693,10 +870,23 @@ of it.
     - To: color dot + full address + etherscan link
     - Transaction hash: full hash (tap to copy) + etherscan link
     - Count-up timer: "Waiting for confirmation... Ns"
-- **Behavior**: Polls `getTransactionReceipt` every 10 seconds.
+- **Behavior**: Polls `getTransactionReceipt` every 10 seconds. The wait is
+  persisted: closing and reopening the popup resumes the poll, with the elapsed
+  counter and the timeout deadline still measured from the original broadcast. A
+  lookup that fails is retried on the next tick rather than counted as a missing
+  receipt, because a failed lookup says nothing about the transaction; but six
+  failures in a row (60 seconds at the poll cadence) end the wait, so an RPC
+  that never answers cannot leave it running indefinitely. Any lookup that
+  answers resets that count.
 - **Transitions**:
     - Receipt found → **SuccessTx**
-    - 60 seconds without confirmation → **ErrorTx** (timeout message)
+    - A lookup that answers "no receipt" 60 seconds or more after broadcast →
+      **ErrorTx** (timeout message)
+    - Six consecutive failed lookups → **ErrorTx**, with a message naming the
+      unreachable network and pointing at the RPC URL in Settings. This is a
+      different fact from the timeout — the chain was never asked — and says so
+    - Exactly one outcome: a receipt found on the tick that crosses the deadline
+      wins, and no outcome can be rendered over another
 
 #### SuccessTx (`success-tx`)
 
@@ -816,7 +1006,12 @@ of it.
         - "Hide fake tokens impersonating a known symbol" checkbox
         - "Hide tokens with fewer than 1,000 holders" checkbox
         - "Hide transactions from detected fraud contracts" checkbox
-        - "Hide dust transactions below N gwei" checkbox + threshold input
+        - "Hide dust transactions below N gwei" checkbox + threshold input. The
+          threshold is plain decimal digits, a whole number of gwei, zero or
+          greater (zero hides nothing). Anything else — a fraction, a negative,
+          a value carrying its unit, hex (`0x10`) or exponent (`1e3`) notation —
+          is refused with a flash message and the field snaps back to the stored
+          threshold, so a number the user did not type is never stored.
     - Allowed Sites: list with remove buttons
     - Denied Sites: list with remove buttons
     - About: project link, license, author, version, release date, and the
@@ -884,6 +1079,55 @@ of it.
       nothing deleted
     - "Back" → previous screen (Settings)
 
+#### DeleteAddress (`delete-address-confirm`)
+
+- **When**: User tapped the `[x]` next to an address on Home. Offered only on HD
+  and xprv wallets holding more than one address: the last address of a wallet
+  is never removable, and a key wallet has exactly one.
+- **Elements**:
+    - "Back" button, "Remove Address" heading
+    - The address's own label ("Address N") and its wallet's name
+    - The full address (color dot, etherscan link, tap to copy), with the ENS
+      name above it if resolved
+    - Explanation that this only stops the wallet tracking the address: nothing
+      is destroyed, no key is deleted, and funds stay where they are
+    - The route back, stated with its limit, because the obvious two are both
+      refused: "+" derives the next unused index (`nextIndex` is a high-water
+      mark), and re-importing the wallet's key material is rejected as a
+      duplicate by `findWalletByXpub` while the wallet is still present. What
+      works is deleting the whole wallet in Settings — password-gated, and it
+      destroys the stored secret — then importing again, whereupon
+      `scanForAddresses()` rediscovers the address **only if it has on-chain
+      activity**. An address that was never used is not found by that scan. The
+      text is written by `recoveryPathText()` rather than sitting in
+      `index.html`, so it can name the wallet's own kind of key material: an
+      xprv wallet has no recovery phrase to re-import.
+    - A warning when the address holds anything, ETH or any tracked ERC-20,
+      followed by the holdings themselves via `balanceLinesForAddress()` and the
+      USD total via `getAddressValueUsd()`. The sentence names no figure of its
+      own: the lines round to four decimals, so a sentence built from a rounded
+      number would report `0.0000 ETH` for an address holding real money. The
+      predicate is `addressHoldsFunds()` in `src/popup/views/helpers.js`,
+      unrounded and token-aware. A balance is a warning, never a refusal.
+    - The rule that a wallet always keeps at least one address, and that
+      removing the last one means deleting the wallet from Settings
+    - Error line
+    - "Remove Address" button
+- **Transitions**:
+    - "Remove Address" → removes the address and its site permissions, then →
+      previous screen (Home) with an "Address removed." flash message
+    - "Back" → previous screen (Home), nothing removed
+- **Deliberately not password-gated**, unlike DeleteWallet: a password gates the
+  disclosure or destruction of a secret, and this does neither. The address
+  stays derivable from key material the wallet still holds.
+- The active address moves only if it was the address removed, and then to the
+  wallet's first remaining address, with `AUTISTMASK_ACTIVE_CHANGED` broadcast
+  so a connected site stops being told about an address the user removed
+  (`src/shared/walletDelete.js`). A selection in any other wallet is left alone;
+  one in this wallet follows the splice.
+- The wallet's derivation counter (`nextIndex`) is not rewound, so "+" derives a
+  fresh address rather than handing back the one just removed.
+
 #### SettingsAddToken (`settings-addtoken`)
 
 - **When**: User tapped "+ Add token" in Settings. Tokens added here are tracked
@@ -929,7 +1173,12 @@ of it.
 - **When**: A connected website requests a transaction via
   `eth_sendTransaction`. Always opened in a separate popup window by the
   background script (`windows.create()`), because the request is triggered
-  programmatically rather than by a user gesture.
+  programmatically rather than by a user gesture. The background populates the
+  transaction (nonce, gas limit, fees, chain id) against the RPC node _before_
+  opening the window, so the screen shows a complete transaction and the signed
+  artifact can be compared with it field for field. A request that cannot be
+  populated — unreachable node, reverting gas estimate — opens no window and is
+  failed back to the site.
 - **Elements**:
     - "Transaction Request" heading
     - Phishing warning banner (shown when the hostname is on the phishing
@@ -941,13 +1190,16 @@ of it.
     - Contract: color dot + full address + etherscan link (or "contract
       creation"), token symbol label if known
     - Value: amount in ETH (4 decimal places, USD in parentheses)
+    - Network fee (max): gas limit × fee per gas in ETH (4 decimal places, USD
+      in parentheses), with the gas limit and the fee per gas in gwei below it
+    - Network and nonce
     - Raw data: full calldata displayed inline (shown if present)
     - Password input and an error line
     - "Confirm" / "Reject" buttons
 - **Transitions**:
-    - "Confirm" (correct password) → decrypts and signs in the popup, hands the
-      signed transaction to the background to broadcast, then → **WaitTx** in
-      the same popup window
+    - "Confirm" (correct password) → decrypts and signs the transaction it was
+      shown, exactly as shown, hands the signed transaction to the background to
+      broadcast, then → **WaitTx** in the same popup window
     - "Confirm" (wrong password) → error line, no screen change
     - "Reject" → closes popup (returns rejection to background)
     - Popup window closed without answering → the request is rejected with
@@ -1246,14 +1498,15 @@ indexes it as a real token transfer.
   that is the only thing that populates it. In the transaction history the check
   is the "Hide fake tokens impersonating a known symbol" setting, on by default;
   with it off, spoofed transfers are shown and no new blocklist entries are
-  learned from them. The send-screen token selector applies the same check
-  unconditionally, because it decides which tokens the user can act on rather
-  than what the history displays. The balance list applies it unconditionally
-  too, but not identically: it exempts symbols that `KNOWN_SYMBOLS` maps to
-  `null`, and `"ETH"` is the only one. So the fake "Ethereum" token above is
-  filtered from the transaction history and from the send selector, but a
-  fake-`ETH` ERC-20 that clears the balance list's own 1,000-holder floor — or
-  that the user tracked manually — is still shown in the balance list.
+  learned from them. The send-screen token selector and the balance list apply
+  the same check unconditionally, because they decide which tokens the user can
+  act on and what the user believes they own rather than what the history
+  displays. All three surfaces read the rule from `src/shared/symbolSpoof.js`,
+  so they cannot answer the question differently. A symbol the list maps to no
+  contract at all — `"ETH"`, the native asset, is the only one — may be borne by
+  no contract, so every ERC-20 claiming it is a spoof on all three. The user's
+  real ETH balance is not an ERC-20 and is read over RPC, so the rule never sees
+  it.
 
 - **Low-holder token filtering**: Token transfers from ERC-20 contracts with
   fewer than 1,000 holders are hidden from transaction history by default.
@@ -1289,13 +1542,12 @@ indexes it as a real token transfer.
   a sharp tool — users who understand the risks can configure the wallet to show
   everything unfiltered, unix-style. All four settings govern the transaction
   history; what else each one reaches varies. The known-symbol check also runs
-  unconditionally on the send-screen token selector, and on the balance list
-  except for symbols mapped to `null` (`"ETH"` alone), which the balance list
-  does not filter. The fraud contract blocklist is applied unconditionally on
-  that selector and is not consulted by the balance list at all. The low-holder
-  setting also gates the send selector, while the balance list's own
-  1,000-holder floor is unconditional (see Data Model). The dust threshold
-  applies to the transaction history alone.
+  unconditionally on the send-screen token selector and on the balance list, in
+  both cases identically to the history. The fraud contract blocklist is applied
+  unconditionally on that selector and is not consulted by the balance list at
+  all. The low-holder setting also gates the send selector, while the balance
+  list's own 1,000-holder floor is unconditional (see Data Model). The dust
+  threshold applies to the transaction history alone.
 
 #### Phishing Domain Protection
 
@@ -1367,7 +1619,7 @@ Currently supported:
 ### Wallet Management
 
 - [x] Delete wallet (with confirmation)
-- [ ] Delete address from HD wallet (with confirmation)
+- [x] Delete address from HD wallet (with confirmation)
 - [x] Show wallet's recovery phrase (requires password)
 
 ### Transactions

TODO.md

@@ -30,9 +30,10 @@ compiled off.
 
 The backlog lives on the
 [Gitea tracker](https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/AutistMask/issues), which is
-authoritative; this file does not duplicate it. Full policy file set present. A
-real-browser end-to-end suite (`make test-e2e`) now sits alongside `make check`,
-which cannot see a runtime `ReferenceError` in a popup view.
+authoritative; this file does not duplicate it. Full policy file set present.
+Real-browser end-to-end suites (`make test-e2e` for Chrome,
+`make test-e2e-firefox` for Firefox) now sit alongside `make check`, which
+cannot see a runtime `ReferenceError` in a popup view.
 
 # Next Step
 
@@ -44,6 +45,154 @@ undefined identifiers, which is how
 
 # Completed Steps
 
+- 2026-08-14: Approving a site connection is no longer a race against the popup
+  closing. The decision now rides the approval port the popup already holds,
+  which is the same channel the close disconnects, so it is delivered ahead of
+  that disconnect however fast the teardown is; `windows.onRemoved` no longer
+  decides a site approval whose port is connected, since that event is ordered
+  against nothing either. Rejecting and closing without deciding both still
+  report a rejection, and the popup delays its own close by nothing. The e2e
+  harness's deferred-`window.close()` accommodation is gone with it, so the two
+  site-prompt tests now drive the shipped decide-then-close in a real Chromium;
+  against the unfixed code the approval came back to the page as
+  `{"settled":"rejected","code":4001}`
+  ([#275](https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/AutistMask/issues/275)).
+- 2026-08-12: EIP-1193 error codes now reach the page. `src/content/inpage.js`
+  rebuilt every failure as `new Error(error.message)`, so the code the
+  background produced and the content script relayed intact was dropped in the
+  last hop and a dApp checking `err.code === 4001` saw `undefined` — a wallet
+  the user deliberately declined was indistinguishable from one that broke. The
+  provider now rejects with a `ProviderRpcError` carrying `code` and, where the
+  boundary sent one, `data`, passed through verbatim rather than matched against
+  a list, so 4001, 4100 and 4902 all arrive and a future code needs no edit
+  here. An error the background sent with no code stays a plain `Error` with no
+  `code` property, and `message` is unchanged in every case. All four request
+  entry points (`request`, `enable`, `send`, `sendAsync`) are covered by
+  `tests/inpageErrors.test.js`, and the e2e probe that printed the missing code
+  now requires it on the page's Error as well as on the wire, for all four
+  rejected flows ([#274](https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/AutistMask/issues/274)).
+- 2026-08-12: "Back" now renders the screen it lands on instead of only unhiding
+  it. A reopened popup renders the wallet list and the one screen it restores
+  onto, so every screen further down the stack was still the blank template from
+  `index.html`, and Back walked straight onto it — an empty address, no
+  balances, no QR code. The Back path now goes through the same per-view
+  dispatch and data guards as the restore (`src/popup/viewRouter.js`, shared
+  with `restoreView()`), falling back to Home when the state the target would
+  render is gone. It renders only a view this page load has not rendered yet:
+  `viewRouter.js` records every view that reaches `showView()`, which is where
+  forward navigation and the restore both end, so Back onto a view already on
+  the page unhides it and nothing more. That is what keeps a second render from
+  re-fetching and overwriting what the view holds — an unsaved edit in Settings,
+  a transaction list already loaded. Home is the exception and is always
+  re-rendered, as it was before. Covered by unit tests on the real `goBack()`
+  and by three end-to-end cases against the real popup, each demonstrated
+  failing on the unfixed build
+  ([#268](https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/AutistMask/issues/268)).
+- 2026-08-12: `KNOWN_SYMBOLS` now maps a symbol to the set of contract addresses
+  that bear it, not to one of them. A ticker is not unique: seven of the 512
+  bundled tokens — `FRAX`, `REUSD`, `TON`, `EURE`, `MSUSD`, `MUSD` and `JPYC` —
+  share a symbol with another bundled entry at a different real contract, and
+  the table, built from the list first-wins, kept only the earlier one. The
+  other seven were judged spoofs of their own symbol at their own address and
+  hidden from the balance list, the history and the send selector, so a holder
+  could not spend them. Both contracts of each pair come from the same CoinGecko
+  fetch of 2026-02-27, so neither was stale and neither was dropped.
+  `isSpoofedSymbol()` asks set membership instead of equality, which does not
+  loosen the rule — a contract outside the set is still a spoof — and a test now
+  walks `TOKENS` asserting no bundled token is filtered at its own address,
+  which is the walk the suite lacked
+  ([#276](https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/AutistMask/issues/276)).
+- 2026-08-12: The dApp approval round trips are driven end to end in the
+  browser. A test page served by the harness speaks EIP-1193 to the real inpage
+  provider through the real content script, background worker and approval popup
+  for `eth_requestAccounts`, `personal_sign`, `eth_signTypedData_v4` and
+  `eth_sendTransaction`. Every signature is recovered and compared against the
+  active address, the transaction is checked against the bytes handed to the
+  stubbed RPC, each rejection must reach the page as a rejection, and the
+  password must appear in no message the approval window sends — the assertion
+  that gives [#157](https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/AutistMask/issues/157) a permanent
+  floor. This does not discharge a real dApp with real funds against mainnet
+  ([#183](https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/AutistMask/issues/183)).
+- 2026-08-12: The known-symbol spoof rule now judges the symbol a user actually
+  sees. `isSpoofedSymbol()` normalizes before the lookup — NFKC, then every
+  character that paints nothing removed (the format and default-ignorable
+  characters, plus U+007F), then trimmed — so `" ETH "`, a no-break space, a
+  zero-width space, a Hangul filler, a variation selector, a DELETE and a
+  fullwidth `ＥＴＨ` are all caught on the balance list, the history and the
+  send selector at once. Confusables that are distinct letters (Cyrillic `Е`),
+  bidi reordering and the visible C0/C1 controls — which measure 48.00px, a box,
+  in the pinned e2e Chromium where an invisible prefix measures 32.00px — stay
+  knowingly open and are asserted as open in the suite. No bundled symbol
+  contains whitespace or a non-ASCII character, so nothing legitimate is newly
+  filtered; the balance list's token-type gate also became case-insensitive,
+  which no longer drops a real holding if an explorer writes `erc-20`
+  ([#260](https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/AutistMask/issues/260)).
+- 2026-08-12: A containerized Firefox end-to-end harness
+  (`make test-e2e-firefox`) drives the real popup in a real Firefox with the MV2
+  build installed as a temporary add-on. Zero npm dependencies — a WebDriver
+  client over `fetch` against geckodriver — with `node`, Firefox 153.0.3 and
+  geckodriver 0.36.0 all pinned by digest. Uncaught errors are read from the
+  privileged console service in Marionette's chrome context, because BiDi
+  `log.entryAdded` reports nothing at all for extension pages; each drain reads
+  and clears the console in one chrome round trip, so no error is destroyed
+  unread by the drain itself, and errors logged during add-on install and
+  background startup are folded into step 1 instead of being cleared. The two
+  measured limits are documented rather than claimed away: the console ring
+  buffer holds 250 messages (a clean run peaks at 4), and the drained window
+  ends ≈1.5s after the last step returns. Demonstrated discriminating by exiting
+  1 on a `throw` at the top of `src/background/index.js`, on a build with one
+  import removed, on a `setTimeout` throw whose UI assertions all pass, on an
+  unhandled `Promise.reject` and on an undefined identifier in `home.js`, and 0
+  on the branch as it stands
+  ([#184](https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/AutistMask/issues/184)).
+- 2026-08-12: The transaction a dApp asks for is now populated in the background
+  before the approval window opens, so the object the user is shown is the
+  object the signed artifact is verified against — nonce, gas limit and every
+  fee field are compared exactly instead of being left to the ceilings, which
+  stay as a backstop against what a lying RPC node can talk the wallet into
+  displaying. The approval also pins the address it was raised for, so an
+  address switch between approval and signing refuses rather than signing from
+  an account the screen never named, and a request naming an address that is not
+  the active one is refused outright. The approval screen now shows the fee, gas
+  limit, network and nonce it vouches for
+  ([#216](https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/AutistMask/issues/216)).
+- 2026-08-12: The restored navigation stack is filtered against
+  `RESTORABLE_VIEWS` on load, truncated at the first entry the popup would not
+  render so that every surviving entry keeps the Back target it had. Back after
+  reopening can no longer land on a view the popup declined to restore, such as
+  `export-privkey` or `show-phrase`
+  ([#224](https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/AutistMask/issues/224)). Restorable views in
+  the stack are still unhidden without being re-rendered; that is tracked
+  separately in ([#268](https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/AutistMask/issues/268)).
+- 2026-08-12: One wording for a rejected password on every screen that asks for
+  one — the send confirmation and the delete-wallet confirmation no longer say
+  "Wrong password." (a fragment, which `RULES.md` Language & Labeling forbids)
+  and the two reveal screens no longer say "not correct", so all five
+  `decryptWithPassword` call sites now show the sentence the dApp approval paths
+  introduced. Strings only, no behaviour change, and each error container
+  measured at a 360px viewport in the pinned Playwright container
+  ([#172](https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/AutistMask/issues/172)).
+- 2026-08-12: Closed the empty-array hole in the end-to-end unstubbed-request
+  guard. `batch.every()` is vacuously true on `[]`, so a POST with body `[]` was
+  answered `200 []` instead of failing the suite; the guard now rejects an empty
+  batch, demonstrated green-before/red-after with a throwaway probe. The comment
+  claiming `postData()` returns `null` for undecodable bodies was corrected to
+  the two real paths — an absent or empty body decodes to `null`, a binary body
+  decodes lossily into invalid JSON
+  ([#187](https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/AutistMask/issues/187)).
+- 2026-08-12: The transaction confirmation screen has browser coverage. The
+  end-to-end suite reaches ConfirmTx for both the native ETH and the ERC-20 path
+  off a funded-balance fixture, and asserts the pending, funded, over-balance
+  and estimate-failed states, the fee block quoting the estimate and the reserve
+  separately, and a constant view height across every one of those transitions.
+  The load-bearing assertion is that the spend gate reads the reserve and not
+  the displayed estimate: swapping the two fails the suite
+  ([#238](https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/AutistMask/issues/238)).
+- 2026-08-12: The dust threshold field now explains a rejection instead of
+  snapping back in silence, with the parse in a pure, unit-tested module that
+  accepts plain decimal digits only — hex and exponent notation are refused
+  rather than read as 16 and 1000
+  ([#233](https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/AutistMask/issues/233)).
 - 2026-08-12: Approval verification became an allowlist — transaction type
   restricted to 0/1/2 so an EIP-7702 delegation can no longer ride along on an
   approved transfer, every consequential field compared, the artifact
@@ -53,6 +202,38 @@ undefined identifiers, which is how
   active-address change, a late reject — goes through a single chokepoint that
   refuses to settle an attempt already claimed for signing and broadcast
   ([#174](https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/AutistMask/issues/174)).
+- 2026-08-12: An address can be removed from an HD or xprv wallet behind a
+  confirmation screen that states nothing is destroyed, sharing the deletion
+  state transitions with wallet deletion so the selection, site permissions and
+  active-address broadcast follow the same rules
+  ([#162](https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/AutistMask/issues/162)).
+- 2026-08-12: The known-symbol spoof rule moved into `src/shared/symbolSpoof.js`
+  and is now the only copy. The balance list had exempted symbols the token list
+  maps to `null` — `"ETH"` alone — so a fake ETH ERC-20 was hidden from the
+  transaction history and the Send selector but listed as a holding named ETH. A
+  symbol with no legitimate contract may now be borne by no contract on any of
+  the three surfaces, and the native exemption is "has no contract address", so
+  a second null-mapped symbol needs no call-site change. The user's real ETH
+  balance is read over RPC and never passes through the rule
+  ([#235](https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/AutistMask/issues/235)).
+- 2026-08-12: `script/verify-build`'s failure modes are now a committed target,
+  `script/test-verify-build`, run by `make check`. It asserts the exit status
+  and the message of every case against a fixture tree in a temp dir, and drops
+  privileges (proving the runner against a mode-000 file first) for the cases
+  that only mean something when file permissions are in force
+  ([#227](https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/AutistMask/issues/227)).
+- 2026-08-12: WaitTx lifecycle: a receipt and the 60-second timeout can no
+  longer both render on one tick, no timer or in-flight lookup outlives its
+  wait, a failed receipt lookup no longer counts as a timeout (but six in a row
+  end the wait, reported as an unreachable network rather than as a timeout),
+  and the wait now resumes after a popup close
+  ([#155](https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/AutistMask/issues/155)).
+- 2026-08-12: The private key export screen now wipes the key from the page
+  whenever it is left by any route, and a decrypt still in flight when the
+  screen is left is discarded instead of written; the same `onViewLeave()`
+  cleanup was extended to every other screen holding secret material in the DOM
+  (AddWallet, ConfirmTx, DeleteWallet, ApproveTx, ApproveSign)
+  ([#221](https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/AutistMask/issues/221)).
 - 2026-08-12: An xprv wallet already in storage that was imported from a
   non-master key is detected from the depth of its stored `xpub`, explained in
   the wallet list, and blocked from signing, sending and private-key export
@@ -199,9 +380,9 @@ tracker.
 - Pre-1.0 security review of the extension (key handling, DEBUG mode policy, RPC
   input validation) before any 1.0rc tag. Individual filed issues are parts of
   it, but the review is broader than any of them.
-- Decide whether docker-in-docker makes `make test-e2e` runnable in the Gitea
-  workflow. Extending the suite itself is tracked as
-  [#183](https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/AutistMask/issues/183) and
-  [#184](https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/AutistMask/issues/184).
+- Decide whether docker-in-docker makes `make test-e2e` and
+  `make test-e2e-firefox` runnable in the Gitea workflow. Extending the Chrome
+  suite itself is tracked as
+  [#183](https://git.eeqj.de/sneak/AutistMask/issues/183).
 - Cut 1.0.0 once the milestone is empty, then continue tagging as milestones
   land.

docs/README.md

@@ -311,10 +311,15 @@ pages. When a site requests access to your wallet:
    time.
 
 When a connected site requests a transaction, a separate approval popup appears
-showing the transaction details (from, to, value, data). You must enter your
-password and click "Confirm" to authorize it. Message and typed-data signature
-requests work the same way, with a "Sign" button, and also require your
-password.
+showing the transaction details (from, to, value, data, network fee, network and
+nonce). Every one of those values is checked against the transaction that is
+actually signed before anything is broadcast, so what you read on that screen is
+what goes out or nothing does. The popup appears once the wallet has worked out
+the fee and gas from the network, which takes a moment; if that fails, no popup
+appears and the site is told the transaction could not be prepared. You must
+enter your password and click "Confirm" to authorize it. Message and typed-data
+signature requests work the same way, with a "Sign" button, and also require
+your password.
 
 If the requesting site's domain is on the phishing blocklist, all three approval
 screens show a red phishing warning before you decide.

script/check

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 #!/bin/sh
-# script/check: run all checks (test, lint, fmt-check). Our own
-# extension to scripts-to-rule-them-all. Must not modify any files.
+# script/check: run all checks (test, test-verify-build, lint, fmt-check).
+# Our own extension to scripts-to-rule-them-all. Must not modify any files.
 set -eu
 
 SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd -P)"
 
 main() {
     "$SCRIPT_DIR/test"
+    "$SCRIPT_DIR/test-verify-build"
     "$SCRIPT_DIR/lint"
     "$SCRIPT_DIR/fmt-check"
 }

script/test-e2e-firefox

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# script/test-e2e-firefox: build the extension and drive the real popup in
+# a real Firefox inside a pinned container. The Firefox counterpart to
+# script/test-e2e. Our own extension to scripts-to-rule-them-all.
+#
+# Deliberately NOT called by script/check or script/test, for the same
+# reason as the Chrome suite: REPO_POLICIES.md caps make test at 20 seconds
+# and a browser suite does not fit.
+#
+# Unlike script/test-e2e this builds its image locally, because no
+# published image carries both a pinned Firefox and a matching geckodriver.
+# All three external artifacts are pinned by digest inside the Dockerfile;
+# see tests/e2e/firefox/Dockerfile.
+set -eu
+
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd -P)"
+ROOT="$(cd "$SCRIPT_DIR/.." && pwd -P)"
+
+IMAGE="$("$SCRIPT_DIR/projectname")-e2e-firefox"
+
+main() {
+    cd "$ROOT"
+
+    if ! command -v docker >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+        echo "test-e2e-firefox: docker is required to run the e2e suite" >&2
+        exit 1
+    fi
+
+    echo "Building extension for e2e..."
+    yarn run build 2>&1
+
+    # The build context is tests/e2e/firefox/ and holds nothing but the
+    # Dockerfile: the harness itself arrives over the bind mount below, so
+    # editing it never invalidates an image layer.
+    echo "Building the pinned Firefox e2e image..."
+    docker build -t "$IMAGE" "$ROOT/tests/e2e/firefox"
+
+    echo "Running the Firefox e2e suite..."
+    # --shm-size=1g: Firefox needs more than the default 64MB /dev/shm.
+    # --network none: the suite stubs nothing, so this is what keeps the
+    #   run offline and deterministic. The extension swallows its own
+    #   fetch failures, so the popup flows work unchanged; see the
+    #   network note in README.md. Weaker than the Chrome suite's
+    #   fixture interception, and honestly so — it proves no request
+    #   escaped, but it cannot report which ones were attempted.
+    # --user: keep files the suite touches owned by the caller, not root.
+    # HOME=/tmp: the mapped uid has no home directory in the image.
+    #
+    # No --privileged. Firefox's sandbox logs
+    # "CanCreateUserNamespace() clone() failure: EPERM" on startup here;
+    # it is cosmetic and headless Firefox runs fine without it.
+    docker run --rm \
+        --shm-size=1g \
+        --network none \
+        --user "$(id -u):$(id -g)" \
+        -e HOME=/tmp \
+        -v "$ROOT:/work" \
+        -w /work \
+        "$IMAGE" \
+        node tests/e2e/firefox/run.js dist/firefox
+}
+
+main "$@"

script/test-verify-build

@@ -0,0 +1,444 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# script/test-verify-build: exercise every failure mode of
+# script/verify-build. Our own extension to scripts-to-rule-them-all, run
+# from script/check so make check covers it.
+#
+# Why this exists: verify-build is the build-integrity guard, and three
+# separate reviews of it each found a fresh vacuous pass — the grep exit-2
+# conflation, the discarded find status, the line-delimited walk. Every one
+# was caught by someone building a tree by hand, because nothing in make check
+# could catch it. This is that hand battery, committed and automated.
+#
+# Each case asserts the exit status AND a substring of the message. A guard
+# that fails for the wrong reason (right status, different fault) is itself a
+# defect, so matching the status alone would not be a test of anything.
+#
+# The fixture is a temp tree containing script/verify-build as a SYMLINK to
+# the real script: verify-build takes its ROOT from dirname "$0"/.., so it
+# operates on the fixture's dist/ and never reads or writes the repo's build
+# output. The symlink rather than a copy is what makes a deliberate break in
+# the real script fail here.
+set -eu
+
+ROOT="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")/.." && pwd -P)"
+VERIFY_BUILD="$ROOT/script/verify-build"
+
+MARKER_ON="autistmask-build-debug=on"
+MARKER_OFF="autistmask-build-debug=off"
+
+NEWLINE='
+'
+
+PASSED=0
+FAILED=0
+SKIPPED=0
+SKIPPED_NAMES=""
+
+# The command prefix that runs the permission-dependent cases as a user who
+# is actually subject to file permissions, and whether those cases can run at
+# all. Both are decided by probe_permission_runner, never assumed.
+UNPRIV=""
+PERM_ENABLED=no
+PERM_HOW=""
+
+WORK=""
+
+cleanup() {
+    [ -n "$WORK" ] || return 0
+    # The cases chmod 000 files and directories on purpose.
+    chmod -R u+rwX "$WORK" 2>/dev/null || true
+    rm -rf "$WORK"
+}
+trap cleanup EXIT INT TERM
+
+WORK="$(mktemp -d "${TMPDIR:-/tmp}/autistmask-test-verify-build.XXXXXX")"
+FIXTURE="$WORK/fixture"
+
+# verify-build mktemps its dist/ listing under TMPDIR. Pointing that inside
+# our work dir keeps the run leaving no residue, and keeps it writable for the
+# unprivileged user the permission cases run as.
+TMPDIR="$WORK/tmp"
+export TMPDIR
+mkdir -p "$TMPDIR"
+chmod 1777 "$TMPDIR"
+chmod 755 "$WORK"
+
+# --- fixture ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# A stand-in for an emitted bundle: some text plus one marker literal, which
+# is all verify-build reads out of the real thing.
+write_bundle() {
+    printf 'var a=1;/* %s */\nvar b=2;\n' "$2" >"$1"
+}
+
+# A dist/ shaped like a real build: two listed bundles under different
+# browsers, an unlisted subtree to make unwalkable, and unlisted files that
+# carry no marker and must not be objected to.
+build_fixture() {
+    chmod -R u+rwX "$FIXTURE" 2>/dev/null || true
+    rm -rf "$FIXTURE"
+
+    mkdir -p "$FIXTURE/script"
+    ln -s "$VERIFY_BUILD" "$FIXTURE/script/verify-build"
+
+    mkdir -p "$FIXTURE/dist/chrome/src/popup" \
+        "$FIXTURE/dist/chrome/src/content" \
+        "$FIXTURE/dist/firefox/src/popup"
+
+    write_bundle "$FIXTURE/dist/chrome/src/popup/index.js" "$MARKER_OFF"
+    write_bundle "$FIXTURE/dist/firefox/src/popup/index.js" "$MARKER_OFF"
+    printf 'body{color:#000}\n' >"$FIXTURE/dist/styles.css"
+    printf 'var c=3;\n' >"$FIXTURE/dist/chrome/src/content/content.js"
+
+    {
+        echo "dist/chrome/src/popup/index.js"
+        echo "dist/firefox/src/popup/index.js"
+    } >"$FIXTURE/dist/constants-bundles.txt"
+
+    # Readable and traversable by the unprivileged user the permission cases
+    # run as, before those cases take that away again on purpose.
+    chmod -R a+rX "$FIXTURE"
+}
+
+# --- permission runner ------------------------------------------------------
+
+# Run a command through the current unprivileged runner. Unquoted on purpose:
+# UNPRIV is a command prefix that has to word-split.
+run_unpriv() {
+    # shellcheck disable=SC2086
+    $UNPRIV "$@"
+}
+
+# Decide whether the permission-dependent cases can run, and prove it rather
+# than assuming it.
+#
+# The problem: the CI image declares no USER, so CI runs as root, and root is
+# not subject to file permissions — chmod 000 stops neither find nor grep. A
+# permission case run as root passes vacuously, which is worse than no case at
+# all because it reads as coverage.
+#
+# So the runner is validated with two probes before any permission case is
+# counted:
+#
+#   - a mode-644 file MUST be readable through it. If not, the runner itself
+#     is broken (missing helper, no such user, sandbox), and every case run
+#     through it would fail for the wrong reason.
+#   - a mode-000 file MUST NOT be readable through it. If it is, permissions
+#     are not in force and the cases would pass without proving anything.
+#
+# Unprivileged: the runner is empty and both probes are about this process,
+# which is the honest answer. Root: setpriv and runuser are tried, both
+# present in the pinned CI base image. Only when no candidate passes both
+# probes are the cases skipped, and a skipped run says so unmistakably.
+probe_permission_runner() {
+    _probe="$WORK/probe"
+    mkdir -p "$_probe"
+    printf 'readable\n' >"$_probe/public"
+    printf 'secret\n' >"$_probe/private"
+    chmod 755 "$_probe"
+    chmod 644 "$_probe/public"
+    chmod 000 "$_probe/private"
+
+    if [ "$(id -u)" -eq 0 ]; then
+        _candidates="setpriv|setpriv --reuid=65534 --regid=65534 --clear-groups --
+runuser|runuser -u nobody --"
+    else
+        _candidates="direct|"
+    fi
+
+    _tried=""
+    _saved_ifs="$IFS"
+    IFS="$NEWLINE"
+    for _line in $_candidates; do
+        IFS="$_saved_ifs"
+        _label="${_line%%|*}"
+        _cmd="${_line#*|}"
+        _tried="${_tried:+$_tried, }$_label"
+
+        if [ -n "$_cmd" ]; then
+            _bin="${_cmd%% *}"
+            command -v "$_bin" >/dev/null 2>&1 || continue
+        fi
+
+        UNPRIV="$_cmd"
+        # Broken or unusable runner: the cases would fail for the wrong
+        # reason. Reaching the script under test is part of usable.
+        run_unpriv cat "$_probe/public" >/dev/null 2>&1 || continue
+        run_unpriv cat "$VERIFY_BUILD" >/dev/null 2>&1 || continue
+        # Permissions not in force through this runner: the cases would pass
+        # without testing anything.
+        if run_unpriv cat "$_probe/private" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+            continue
+        fi
+
+        PERM_ENABLED=yes
+        PERM_HOW="$_label"
+        IFS="$_saved_ifs"
+        return 0
+    done
+    IFS="$_saved_ifs"
+
+    UNPRIV=""
+    PERM_ENABLED=no
+    PERM_HOW="$_tried"
+}
+
+# --- case runner ------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# check_case <name> <perm:yes|no> <mode:release|debug> <status> <text> <setup>
+#
+# Rebuilds the fixture, applies <setup> inside it, runs verify-build, and
+# requires both the exit status and the message. <perm> marks a case that only
+# means anything when file permissions are in force.
+check_case() {
+    _name="$1"
+    _perm="$2"
+    _mode="$3"
+    _want_status="$4"
+    _want_text="$5"
+    _setup="$6"
+
+    if [ "$_perm" = yes ] && [ "$PERM_ENABLED" != yes ]; then
+        SKIPPED=$((SKIPPED + 1))
+        SKIPPED_NAMES="$SKIPPED_NAMES##   - $_name$NEWLINE"
+        echo "  SKIP (permissions not in force): $_name"
+        return 0
+    fi
+
+    build_fixture
+    if ! (cd "$FIXTURE" && "$_setup") >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+        FAILED=$((FAILED + 1))
+        echo "  FAIL: $_name"
+        echo "    the case's own setup failed, so nothing was tested."
+        return 0
+    fi
+
+    if [ "$_mode" = debug ]; then
+        _debug=1
+    else
+        _debug=""
+    fi
+
+    # Exported rather than set as a command prefix: run_unpriv is a function,
+    # and an assignment prefixed to a function call is not portable.
+    AUTISTMASK_DEBUG="$_debug"
+    export AUTISTMASK_DEBUG
+
+    _status=0
+    if [ "$_perm" = yes ]; then
+        _out="$(run_unpriv "$FIXTURE/script/verify-build" 2>&1)" || _status=$?
+    else
+        _out="$("$FIXTURE/script/verify-build" 2>&1)" || _status=$?
+    fi
+
+    _ok=yes
+    _why=""
+
+    if [ "$_status" -ne "$_want_status" ]; then
+        _ok=no
+        _why="exit status $_status, wanted $_want_status"
+    fi
+
+    # Same discipline verify-build itself applies to grep: 0 and 1 are
+    # answers, anything else is not, and must not be read as "no match".
+    _g=0
+    printf '%s\n' "$_out" | grep -q -F -e "$_want_text" || _g=$?
+    case "$_g" in
+    0) ;;
+    1)
+        _ok=no
+        _why="${_why:+$_why; }message did not contain: $_want_text"
+        ;;
+    *)
+        _ok=no
+        _why="${_why:+$_why; }grep exited $_g matching the message, so the
+      message was never checked"
+        ;;
+    esac
+
+    if [ "$_ok" = yes ]; then
+        PASSED=$((PASSED + 1))
+        echo "  ok: $_name"
+        return 0
+    fi
+
+    FAILED=$((FAILED + 1))
+    echo "  FAIL: $_name"
+    echo "    $_why"
+    echo "    --- verify-build output ---"
+    printf '%s\n' "$_out" | sed 's/^/    /'
+    echo "    --- end output ---"
+}
+
+# --- cases ------------------------------------------------------------------
+#
+# Each runs with the fixture as its working directory.
+
+c_control() { :; }
+
+c_trailing_space() {
+    cp dist/chrome/src/popup/index.js "dist/chrome/src/popup/index.js "
+}
+
+c_embedded_newline() {
+    cp dist/chrome/src/popup/index.js "dist/chrome/src/popup/index.js$NEWLINE"
+}
+
+c_dist_symlink() {
+    mv dist dist.real
+    ln -s dist.real dist
+}
+
+c_unwalkable_subtree() { chmod 000 dist/chrome/src/content; }
+
+c_dangling_symlink() {
+    ln -s /nonexistent-target-for-test-verify-build dist/chrome/dangling.js
+}
+
+c_dir_symlink() { ln -s src dist/chrome/link-to-dir; }
+
+c_alias_symlink() { ln -s popup/index.js dist/chrome/src/aliased.js; }
+
+c_manifest_missing() { rm dist/constants-bundles.txt; }
+
+c_manifest_empty() { : >dist/constants-bundles.txt; }
+
+c_manifest_unreadable() { chmod 000 dist/constants-bundles.txt; }
+
+c_bundle_missing() { rm dist/chrome/src/popup/index.js; }
+
+c_bundle_empty() { : >dist/chrome/src/popup/index.js; }
+
+c_bundle_unreadable() { chmod 000 dist/chrome/src/popup/index.js; }
+
+c_unlisted_extension() {
+    cp dist/chrome/src/popup/index.js dist/chrome/src/popup/extra.mjs
+}
+
+c_no_marker() { printf 'var d=4;\n' >dist/chrome/src/popup/index.js; }
+
+c_both_markers() {
+    printf '/* %s */\n' "$MARKER_ON" >>dist/chrome/src/popup/index.js
+}
+
+run_cases() {
+    check_case "control: untouched dist passes" \
+        no release 0 "2 bundle(s) verified $MARKER_OFF" c_control
+
+    check_case "unlisted marker-carrying file, trailing space in name" \
+        no release 1 "carries a debug marker but is absent from" \
+        c_trailing_space
+
+    check_case "unlisted marker-carrying file, newline in name" \
+        no release 1 "carries a debug marker but is absent from" \
+        c_embedded_newline
+
+    check_case "dist/ replaced by a symlink" \
+        no release 1 "dist is a symlink, not a directory." c_dist_symlink
+
+    check_case "unwalkable subtree under dist/" \
+        yes release 1 "enumerating dist/, so part of the tree" \
+        c_unwalkable_subtree
+
+    check_case "dangling symlink under dist/" \
+        no release 1 \
+        "reading dist/chrome/dangling.js, so the file could not be" \
+        c_dangling_symlink
+
+    check_case "symlink to a directory under dist/" \
+        no release 1 \
+        "reading dist/chrome/link-to-dir, so the file could not be" \
+        c_dir_symlink
+
+    check_case "symlink to a listed bundle under an unlisted path" \
+        no release 1 \
+        "dist/chrome/src/aliased.js carries a debug marker but is absent" \
+        c_alias_symlink
+
+    check_case "manifest missing" \
+        no release 1 "dist/constants-bundles.txt is missing." \
+        c_manifest_missing
+
+    check_case "manifest empty" \
+        no release 1 "is empty, so no emitted bundle was found to contain" \
+        c_manifest_empty
+
+    check_case "manifest unreadable" \
+        yes release 1 "is not readable, so nothing was inspected." \
+        c_manifest_unreadable
+
+    check_case "listed bundle missing" \
+        no release 1 \
+        "lists dist/chrome/src/popup/index.js, which does not exist." \
+        c_bundle_missing
+
+    check_case "listed bundle empty" \
+        no release 1 "which is empty. An empty bundle" c_bundle_empty
+
+    check_case "listed bundle unreadable" \
+        yes release 1 \
+        "reading dist/chrome/src/popup/index.js, so the file could not be" \
+        c_bundle_unreadable
+
+    check_case "unlisted extension carrying a marker" \
+        no release 1 \
+        "dist/chrome/src/popup/extra.mjs carries a debug marker but is" \
+        c_unlisted_extension
+
+    check_case "listed bundle carries no marker" \
+        no release 1 "carries no debug marker, so its DEBUG state cannot be" \
+        c_no_marker
+
+    check_case "listed bundle carries both markers" \
+        no release 1 "carries both debug markers, so DEBUG was not resolved" \
+        c_both_markers
+
+    check_case "wrong marker for the requested mode" \
+        no debug 1 "is $MARKER_OFF but this build expects $MARKER_ON" \
+        c_control
+}
+
+# --- main --------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+main() {
+    cd "$ROOT"
+
+    [ -x "$VERIFY_BUILD" ] || {
+        echo "test-verify-build: $VERIFY_BUILD is missing or not executable" >&2
+        exit 1
+    }
+
+    echo "Testing script/verify-build failure modes..."
+    probe_permission_runner
+    if [ "$PERM_ENABLED" = yes ]; then
+        echo "  permission cases: enabled (runner: $PERM_HOW, proved against" \
+            "a mode-000 file)"
+    fi
+
+    run_cases
+
+    if [ "$FAILED" -ne 0 ]; then
+        echo "test-verify-build: $FAILED case(s) FAILED," \
+            "$PASSED passed, $SKIPPED skipped" >&2
+        exit 1
+    fi
+
+    if [ "$SKIPPED" -ne 0 ]; then
+        cat <<EOF
+################################################################################
+## WARNING: $SKIPPED PERMISSION CASE(S) DID NOT RUN, AND THIS RUN DOES NOT
+## PROVE THEM. This process is uid $(id -u), and no runner subject to file
+## permissions was available. Tried: $PERM_HOW.
+## Under root, chmod 000 stops neither find nor grep, so these cases would
+## have passed without testing anything. They were skipped, not counted:
+$SKIPPED_NAMES################################################################################
+EOF
+        echo "test-verify-build: $PASSED case(s) passed," \
+            "$SKIPPED SKIPPED AND NOT PROVEN (see the warning above)"
+        return 0
+    fi
+
+    echo "test-verify-build: $PASSED case(s) passed"
+}
+
+main "$@"

src/background/index.js

@@ -18,11 +18,14 @@ const {
     verifySignature,
     failureIsRetryable,
     describeTxFailure,
+    sameAddress,
+    ApprovalMismatchError,
     TX_STAGE_SIGN,
     TX_STAGE_VERIFY,
     TX_STAGE_BROADCAST,
     TX_STAGE_INFLIGHT,
 } = require("../shared/approvalVerify");
+const { prepareApprovalTx } = require("../shared/approvalTx");
 const {
     isPhishingDomain,
     refreshPhishingListOnSchedule,
@@ -77,6 +80,14 @@ async function getActiveAddress() {
     return null;
 }
 
+// Whether a request names a signing address other than the active one. Such a
+// request is refused rather than quietly signed as whichever address happens
+// to be active: the page asked for account A and would otherwise be handed
+// something from account B.
+function namesAnotherAddress(requested, activeAddress) {
+    return !!requested && !sameAddress(requested, activeAddress);
+}
+
 async function getRpcUrl() {
     const s = await getState();
     return s.rpcUrl || DEFAULT_RPC_URL;
@@ -225,13 +236,21 @@ function requestApproval(origin, hostname) {
 // Uses windows.create() directly because tx approvals are triggered programmatically
 // (from a dApp RPC call), not from a user gesture, so action.openPopup() is
 // unreliable in this context.
-function requestTxApproval(origin, hostname, txParams) {
+//
+// `approvedTx` is the fully populated transaction (see approvalTx.js): the
+// object the popup displays, the object it signs, and the object the artifact
+// is verified against. `approvedFrom` is the address that is active now, and
+// it is pinned here rather than read again at signing time — an address switch
+// between approval and signing must refuse, not sign from an account this
+// screen never named.
+function requestTxApproval(origin, hostname, approvedTx, approvedFrom) {
     return new Promise((resolve) => {
         const id = crypto.randomUUID();
         pendingApprovals[id] = {
             origin,
             hostname,
-            txParams,
+            approvedTx,
+            approvedFrom,
             resolve,
             type: "tx",
         };
@@ -244,13 +263,14 @@ function requestTxApproval(origin, hostname, txParams) {
 // Uses windows.create() directly because sign approvals are triggered programmatically
 // (from a dApp RPC call), not from a user gesture, so action.openPopup() is
 // unreliable in this context.
-function requestSignApproval(origin, hostname, signParams) {
+function requestSignApproval(origin, hostname, signParams, approvedFrom) {
     return new Promise((resolve) => {
         const id = crypto.randomUUID();
         pendingApprovals[id] = {
             origin,
             hostname,
             signParams,
+            approvedFrom,
             resolve,
             type: "sign",
         };
@@ -259,13 +279,50 @@ function requestSignApproval(origin, hostname, signParams) {
     });
 }
 
-// Detect when an approval popup (browser-action) closes without a response.
-// TX and sign approvals now use windows.create() and are handled by the
-// windowsApi.onRemoved listener below, but we still handle site-connection
-// approval disconnects here.
+// Anything only the extension's own pages may say. A content script speaks
+// with the page's URL, so this is what separates the popup from the site the
+// popup is being asked about.
+function isExtensionSender(sender) {
+    const extUrl = runtime.getURL("");
+    return !!(sender && sender.url && sender.url.startsWith(extUrl));
+}
+
+// The approval popup's port: it carries the user's decision on a
+// site-connection approval, and its disconnect is how that approval learns the
+// popup closed without one.
+//
+// The decision travels this port rather than a one-off runtime.sendMessage()
+// for exactly one reason: the port is also what the popup's window.close()
+// disconnects. A message posted on a port is delivered before that port's
+// disconnect, so approve-then-close settles as an approval no matter how fast
+// the teardown is. Sent as a one-off message the two crossed on independent
+// channels with nothing ordering them, and the teardown won every time when
+// the prompt was driven in a tab: the user approved and the dApp was told they
+// had refused.
+//
+// TX and sign approvals do not decide here. They stay pending across a
+// disconnect — the user can reopen the toolbar popup — and are rejected by the
+// windowsApi.onRemoved listener below.
 runtime.onConnect.addListener((port) => {
     if (port.name.startsWith("approval:")) {
         const id = port.name.split(":")[1];
+        if (pendingApprovals[id]) {
+            // This approval has a popup that can speak for it, so its
+            // disconnect is a trustworthy "closed"; see onRemoved below.
+            pendingApprovals[id].portConnected = true;
+        }
+        port.onMessage.addListener((msg) => {
+            if (!msg || msg.type !== "AUTISTMASK_APPROVAL_DECISION") return;
+            if (!isExtensionSender(port.sender)) return;
+            const approval = pendingApprovals[id];
+            if (!approval || approval.type === "tx" || approval.type === "sign")
+                return;
+            settleApproval(id, {
+                approved: !!msg.approved,
+                remember: !!msg.remember,
+            });
+            resetPopupUrl();
+        });
         port.onDisconnect.addListener(() => {
             const approval = pendingApprovals[id];
             if (approval) {
@@ -502,6 +559,16 @@ async function handleRpc(method, params, origin) {
                 ? { method, message: params[0], from: params[1] }
                 : { method, message: params[1], from: params[0] };
 
+        if (namesAnotherAddress(signParams.from, activeAddress)) {
+            return {
+                error: {
+                    code: 4100,
+                    message:
+                        "This site asked to sign as an address that is not the active one.",
+                },
+            };
+        }
+
         if (method === "eth_sign") {
             signParams.dangerWarning =
                 "\u26a0\ufe0f DANGER: This site is requesting to sign a raw hash. " +
@@ -513,6 +580,7 @@ async function handleRpc(method, params, origin) {
             origin,
             hostname,
             signParams,
+            activeAddress,
         );
         if (decision.error) return { error: decision.error };
         return { result: decision.signature };
@@ -534,10 +602,20 @@ async function handleRpc(method, params, origin) {
         }
 
         const signParams = { method, typedData: params[1], from: params[0] };
+        if (namesAnotherAddress(signParams.from, activeAddress)) {
+            return {
+                error: {
+                    code: 4100,
+                    message:
+                        "This site asked to sign as an address that is not the active one.",
+                },
+            };
+        }
         const decision = await requestSignApproval(
             origin,
             hostname,
             signParams,
+            activeAddress,
         );
         if (decision.error) return { error: decision.error };
         return { result: decision.signature };
@@ -559,7 +637,51 @@ async function handleRpc(method, params, origin) {
         }
 
         const txParams = params?.[0] || {};
-        const decision = await requestTxApproval(origin, hostname, txParams);
+        if (namesAnotherAddress(txParams.from, activeAddress)) {
+            return {
+                error: {
+                    code: 4100,
+                    message:
+                        "This site asked to send from an address that is not the active one.",
+                },
+            };
+        }
+
+        // Populate here, before any window opens, so that the transaction the
+        // user is shown is a complete one and is the same object the signed
+        // artifact is checked against. A failure raises no approval at all and
+        // is reported to the requesting page; see approvalTx.js.
+        let approvedTx;
+        try {
+            approvedTx = await prepareApprovalTx(
+                getProvider(await getRpcUrl()),
+                activeAddress,
+                txParams,
+            );
+        } catch (e) {
+            return { error: { message: e.message } };
+        }
+
+        // Population is a network round trip, and the user can switch address
+        // during it. Raising the approval anyway would put an account on the
+        // screen that the wallet is no longer on, and it could never be signed
+        // — the signing handler refuses exactly that. Refuse it here instead,
+        // while the page is still waiting and nothing has been displayed.
+        if (!sameAddress(await getActiveAddress(), activeAddress)) {
+            return {
+                error: {
+                    message:
+                        "The active address changed while this transaction was being prepared, so it was not sent.",
+                },
+            };
+        }
+
+        const decision = await requestTxApproval(
+            origin,
+            hostname,
+            approvedTx,
+            activeAddress,
+        );
         if (decision.error) return { error: decision.error };
         return { result: decision.txHash };
     }
@@ -747,20 +869,32 @@ startBackgroundJobs();
 // window is an ordinary event with an attempt already in flight behind it.
 // settleApproval() refuses those, which leaves the attempt to report its real
 // outcome to the page.
+//
+// A site-connection approval whose popup connected its port is not decided
+// here. That popup approves and closes in the same breath, and this event
+// races the decision on a channel of its own — the same race the port exists
+// to end. Its port disconnect says the same thing this event does, in an order
+// that is defined, so the disconnect is left to say it. The window closing
+// before any port connected is the one case with nothing else to speak for it,
+// and is rejected here so the dApp is not left waiting on a window that is
+// gone.
 if (windowsApi && windowsApi.onRemoved) {
     windowsApi.onRemoved.addListener((windowId) => {
         for (const [id, approval] of Object.entries(pendingApprovals)) {
             if (approval.windowId !== windowId) continue;
-            const rejection =
-                approval.type === "tx" || approval.type === "sign"
-                    ? {
+            const isSite = approval.type !== "tx" && approval.type !== "sign";
+            if (isSite && approval.portConnected) continue;
+            settleApproval(
+                id,
+                isSite
+                    ? { approved: false, remember: false }
+                    : {
                           error: {
                               code: 4001,
                               message: "User rejected the request.",
                           },
-                      }
-                    : { approved: false, remember: false };
-            settleApproval(id, rejection);
+                      },
+            );
         }
     });
 }
@@ -787,19 +921,17 @@ runtime.onMessage.addListener((msg, sender, sendResponse) => {
     }
 
     // Validate that popup-only messages originate from the extension itself.
+    // The site-connection decision is not here: it is a port message, and it
+    // is checked the same way where the port is served.
     const POPUP_ONLY_TYPES = [
         "AUTISTMASK_GET_APPROVAL",
-        "AUTISTMASK_APPROVAL_RESPONSE",
         "AUTISTMASK_TX_RESPONSE",
         "AUTISTMASK_SIGN_RESPONSE",
     ];
-    if (POPUP_ONLY_TYPES.includes(msg.type)) {
-        const extUrl = runtime.getURL("");
-        if (!sender.url || !sender.url.startsWith(extUrl)) {
+    if (POPUP_ONLY_TYPES.includes(msg.type) && !isExtensionSender(sender)) {
         sendResponse({ error: "Unauthorized sender" });
         return false;
     }
-    }
 
     if (msg.type === "AUTISTMASK_GET_APPROVAL") {
         const approval = pendingApprovals[msg.id];
@@ -810,11 +942,16 @@ runtime.onMessage.addListener((msg, sender, sendResponse) => {
             };
             if (approval.type === "tx") {
                 resp.type = "tx";
-                resp.txParams = approval.txParams;
+                // The populated transaction, and the address it was raised
+                // for. The popup displays and signs exactly this and does not
+                // populate or re-read anything itself.
+                resp.approvedTx = approval.approvedTx;
+                resp.approvedFrom = approval.approvedFrom;
             }
             if (approval.type === "sign") {
                 resp.type = "sign";
                 resp.signParams = approval.signParams;
+                resp.approvedFrom = approval.approvedFrom;
             }
             // Flag if the requesting domain is on the phishing blocklist.
             resp.isPhishingDomain = isPhishingDomain(approval.hostname);
@@ -825,15 +962,6 @@ runtime.onMessage.addListener((msg, sender, sendResponse) => {
         return false;
     }
 
-    if (msg.type === "AUTISTMASK_APPROVAL_RESPONSE") {
-        settleApproval(msg.id, {
-            approved: msg.approved,
-            remember: msg.remember,
-        });
-        resetPopupUrl();
-        return false;
-    }
-
     if (msg.type === "AUTISTMASK_TX_RESPONSE") {
         const approval = pendingApprovals[msg.id];
         if (!approval) return false;
@@ -888,14 +1016,27 @@ runtime.onMessage.addListener((msg, sender, sendResponse) => {
             try {
                 await loadState();
                 const activeAddress = await getActiveAddress();
+                // An address switch between approval and signing refuses. The
+                // approval named one account; signing from whichever account
+                // is active now would send funds from an account this screen
+                // never showed. A switch normally rejects every pending
+                // approval on its way through broadcastAccountsChanged(), so
+                // this is the case where that did not reach the approval —
+                // and it is a refusal, not a retry, because the transaction
+                // the user saw is no longer the transaction that would go out.
+                if (!sameAddress(activeAddress, approval.approvedFrom)) {
+                    throw new ApprovalMismatchError(
+                        "The active address changed after this transaction was approved, so it was not sent.",
+                    );
+                }
                 // The popup holds the secret, but the background stays the
                 // authority on what is broadcast: the raw transaction must be
-                // the approved one, signed by the approved address, on the
-                // network that is selected.
+                // the transaction that was displayed, signed by the address
+                // the approval named, on the network that is selected.
                 verifySignedTx(
                     msg.rawSignedTx,
-                    approval.txParams,
-                    activeAddress,
+                    approval.approvedTx,
+                    approval.approvedFrom,
                     currentNetwork().chainId,
                 );
             } catch (e) {
@@ -932,10 +1073,10 @@ runtime.onMessage.addListener((msg, sender, sendResponse) => {
                 sendResponse({ txHash: tx.hash });
             } catch (e) {
                 // Terminal, never retried: the node may have accepted the
-                // transaction and still failed to answer, and the popup's
-                // retry re-signs at a freshly fetched nonce rather than
-                // re-broadcasting these bytes. Retrying would send the
-                // approved transfer a second time.
+                // transaction and still failed to answer, so the wallet cannot
+                // tell a transaction that never left from one already in the
+                // mempool. The page has been given its outcome for this
+                // request; a second attempt would report a second one.
                 const outcome = describeTxFailure(TX_STAGE_BROADCAST, e);
                 settleApproval(
                     msg.id,
@@ -998,12 +1139,24 @@ runtime.onMessage.addListener((msg, sender, sendResponse) => {
         (async () => {
             try {
                 const activeAddress = await getActiveAddress();
+                // Same as the transaction path: the address the approval named
+                // is the one that must have signed, and a switch since then is
+                // a refusal rather than a signature from another account.
+                if (!sameAddress(activeAddress, approval.approvedFrom)) {
+                    throw new ApprovalMismatchError(
+                        "The active address changed after this request was approved, so it was not signed.",
+                    );
+                }
                 // The popup holds the secret, but the background stays the
                 // authority on what is handed back to the page: the signature
-                // must cover the approved payload and recover to the approved
-                // address.
+                // must cover the approved payload and recover to the address
+                // the approval named.
                 const signature = msg.signature;
-                verifySignature(approval.signParams, signature, activeAddress);
+                verifySignature(
+                    approval.signParams,
+                    signature,
+                    approval.approvedFrom,
+                );
                 settleApproval(msg.id, { signature }, { holdsClaim: true });
                 sendResponse({ signature });
             } catch (e) {

src/content/inpage.js

@@ -11,6 +11,39 @@
     let nextId = 1;
     const pending = {};
 
+    // EIP-1193 ProviderRpcError: `code`, `message`, optional `data`. A class
+    // rather than properties bolted onto an Error because this object crosses
+    // no boundary after construction — it is built in the page's own realm and
+    // handed straight to the caller's catch — so the prototype survives and
+    // `error.name` is a stable thing for a dApp to see.
+    class ProviderRpcError extends Error {
+        constructor(code, message, data) {
+            super(message);
+            this.name = "ProviderRpcError";
+            this.code = code;
+            if (data !== undefined) this.data = data;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Rebuild a boundary error as the error the page catches, carrying the
+    // code (and data) the extension reported. Without this a dApp cannot tell
+    // a user's refusal (4001) from a wallet that broke, and retries or shows
+    // an error instead of accepting the refusal.
+    //
+    // Whatever code arrived is passed through verbatim rather than being
+    // matched against a list: the extension emits 4001, 4100 and 4902 today,
+    // and a code this file has never heard of is still the truth about what
+    // happened. An error reported with no code at all stays a plain Error —
+    // a ProviderRpcError whose `code` is undefined would advertise a
+    // conformance it does not have. `message` is untouched in every case.
+    function toPageError(error) {
+        const message = (error && error.message) || "Request failed";
+        if (error && error.code !== undefined && error.code !== null) {
+            return new ProviderRpcError(error.code, message, error.data);
+        }
+        return new Error(message);
+    }
+
     // Listen for responses from the content script
     window.addEventListener("message", function onUuid(event) {
         if (event.source !== window) return;
@@ -20,7 +53,7 @@
         if (!p) return;
         delete pending[id];
         if (error) {
-            p.reject(new Error(error.message || "Request failed"));
+            p.reject(toPageError(error));
         } else {
             p.resolve(result);
         }

src/popup/dustThreshold.js

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+// Parsing for the dust threshold field in Settings.
+//
+// Pure: no DOM, no state, so the accepted set can be unit tested directly
+// instead of through the settings view.
+//
+// Accepted input is plain decimal digits only, meaning a whole number of
+// gwei, zero or greater. Zero is a real setting: it hides nothing.
+//
+// Deliberately rejected, not coerced:
+//   ""          nothing to save
+//   "-1"        a negative threshold has no meaning
+//   "1.5"       fractional gwei is not a threshold the filter can use
+//   "100 gwei"  the unit is already printed beside the field
+//   "0x10"      hex, which Number() would silently read as 16
+//   "1e3"       exponent notation, which Number() would silently read as 1000
+//
+// The last two are the reason this is a digit test and not a Number() test.
+// Number() accepts both, and accepting them would put a number in the field
+// that the user did not type — the same silent substitution the visible
+// rejection message exists to end.
+
+// Must render on ONE line of #flash-msg, whose reserved height
+// (min-h-[1.25rem]) is exactly one line at text-xs. A string long enough to
+// wrap to two lines pushes the settings view down, which the No Layout Shift
+// policy forbids. Do not lengthen this without re-running the layout test in
+// tests/e2e/run.js, which measures the flash line and goes red on a shift.
+const DUST_THRESHOLD_MESSAGE =
+    "Please enter a whole number of gwei, zero or greater.";
+
+// Returns the threshold in gwei, or null if the input is not one.
+function parseDustThresholdGwei(raw) {
+    if (typeof raw !== "string") return null;
+    const trimmed = raw.trim();
+    if (!/^[0-9]+$/.test(trimmed)) return null;
+    const val = Number(trimmed);
+    // A run of digits long enough to exceed Number's exact integer range
+    // would round on the way in, so it is not a threshold we can store.
+    if (!Number.isSafeInteger(val)) return null;
+    return val;
+}
+
+module.exports = { DUST_THRESHOLD_MESSAGE, parseDustThresholdGwei };

src/popup/index.html

@@ -1142,6 +1142,62 @@
                 </button>
             </div>
 
+            <!-- ============ DELETE ADDRESS CONFIRM ============ -->
+            <div id="view-delete-address-confirm" class="view hidden">
+                <button
+                    id="btn-delete-address-back"
+                    class="border border-border px-2 py-1 hover:bg-fg hover:text-bg cursor-pointer mb-2"
+                >
+                    &lt; Back
+                </button>
+                <h2 class="font-bold mb-3">Remove Address</h2>
+                <p class="text-xs mb-2">
+                    You are about to remove
+                    <strong id="delete-address-label"></strong> from
+                    <strong id="delete-address-wallet-name"></strong>.
+                </p>
+                <div
+                    id="delete-address-value"
+                    class="text-xs mb-2 break-all min-h-[1rem]"
+                ></div>
+                <div
+                    class="text-xs mb-2 border border-border border-dashed p-2"
+                >
+                    This only stops this wallet from tracking the address.
+                    Nothing is destroyed and no key is deleted. Any funds at the
+                    address stay exactly where they are, and the address remains
+                    yours. Any site permissions granted to this address are
+                    forgotten.
+                </div>
+                <!-- Filled by src/popup/views/deleteAddress.js: the route
+                     back names the wallet's own kind of key material. -->
+                <div
+                    id="delete-address-recovery"
+                    class="text-xs mb-2 border border-border border-dashed p-2"
+                ></div>
+                <div
+                    id="delete-address-balance"
+                    class="text-xs mb-2 min-h-[1.25rem] pointer-events-none"
+                >
+                    &nbsp;
+                </div>
+                <p class="text-xs text-muted mb-3">
+                    A wallet always keeps at least one address. To remove the
+                    last one, delete the whole wallet from Settings instead.
+                </p>
+                <div
+                    id="delete-address-flash"
+                    class="text-xs text-red-500 mb-2 min-h-[1.25rem]"
+                    style="visibility: hidden"
+                ></div>
+                <button
+                    id="btn-delete-address-confirm"
+                    class="border border-border text-red-500 px-2 py-1 hover:bg-fg hover:text-bg cursor-pointer"
+                >
+                    Remove Address
+                </button>
+            </div>
+
             <!-- ============ SHOW RECOVERY PHRASE ============ -->
             <div id="view-show-phrase" class="view hidden">
                 <button
@@ -1440,6 +1496,33 @@
                     <div class="text-xs text-muted mb-1">Value</div>
                     <div id="approve-tx-value" class="text-xs font-bold"></div>
                 </div>
+                <div class="mb-3">
+                    <div class="text-xs text-muted mb-1">Network fee (max)</div>
+                    <div
+                        id="approve-tx-fee"
+                        class="text-xs font-bold min-h-[1rem]"
+                    ></div>
+                    <div
+                        id="approve-tx-fee-detail"
+                        class="text-xs text-muted min-h-[1rem]"
+                    ></div>
+                </div>
+                <div class="mb-3 flex justify-between">
+                    <div>
+                        <div class="text-xs text-muted mb-1">Network</div>
+                        <div
+                            id="approve-tx-network"
+                            class="text-xs min-h-[1rem]"
+                        ></div>
+                    </div>
+                    <div>
+                        <div class="text-xs text-muted mb-1">Nonce</div>
+                        <div
+                            id="approve-tx-nonce"
+                            class="text-xs min-h-[1rem]"
+                        ></div>
+                    </div>
+                </div>
                 <div id="approve-tx-data-section" class="mb-3 hidden">
                     <div class="text-xs text-muted mb-1">Raw data</div>
                     <div id="approve-tx-data" class="text-xs break-all"></div>

src/popup/index.js

@@ -9,16 +9,17 @@ const {
     $,
     showView,
     updateDebugBanner,
-    setRenderMain,
+    setBackRenderer,
     pushCurrentView,
     goBack,
     clearViewStack,
 } = require("./views/helpers");
 const { applyTheme } = require("./theme");
-// Views that can be fully re-rendered from persisted state. All others fall
-// back to the nearest restorable parent; see the module for why the
-// secret-bearing views are absent.
-const { RESTORABLE_VIEWS } = require("./restorableViews");
+// Renders a view the popup lands on without having navigated to it forward:
+// on restore here, and on Back. Only the views that can be fully re-rendered
+// from persisted state (RESTORABLE_VIEWS, src/popup/restorableViews.js) go
+// through it; anything else falls back to the nearest restorable parent.
+const { renderView, makeBackRenderer } = require("./viewRouter");
 
 const home = require("./views/home");
 const welcome = require("./views/welcome");
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@ const receive = require("./views/receive");
 const addToken = require("./views/addToken");
 const settings = require("./views/settings");
 const settingsAddToken = require("./views/settingsAddToken");
+const deleteAddress = require("./views/deleteAddress");
 const approval = require("./views/approval");
 
 function renderWalletList() {
@@ -101,88 +103,29 @@ const ctx = {
         pushCurrentView();
         settingsAddToken.show();
     },
+    showDeleteAddress: (walletIdx, addrIdx) => {
+        pushCurrentView();
+        deleteAddress.show(walletIdx, addrIdx);
+    },
 };
 
-function needsAddress(view) {
-    return (
-        view === "address" ||
-        view === "address-token" ||
-        view === "receive" ||
-        view === "transaction"
-    );
-}
-
-function hasValidAddress() {
-    return (
-        state.selectedWallet !== null &&
-        state.selectedAddress !== null &&
-        state.wallets[state.selectedWallet] &&
-        state.wallets[state.selectedWallet].addresses[state.selectedAddress]
-    );
-}
+// The view modules the router renders through, keyed as it expects them.
+const viewModules = {
+    main: { show: () => fallbackView() },
+    addressDetail,
+    addressToken,
+    receive,
+    settings,
+    settingsAddToken,
+    confirmTx,
+    transactionDetail,
+    txStatus,
+};
 
 function restoreView() {
-    const view = state.currentView;
-    if (!view || !RESTORABLE_VIEWS.has(view)) {
-        return fallbackView();
-    }
-
-    if (needsAddress(view) && !hasValidAddress()) {
-        return fallbackView();
-    }
-
-    if (view === "address-token" && !state.selectedToken) {
-        return fallbackView();
-    }
-
-    switch (view) {
-        case "address":
-            addressDetail.show();
-            break;
-        case "address-token":
-            addressToken.show();
-            break;
-        case "receive":
-            receive.show();
-            break;
-        case "settings":
-            settings.show();
-            break;
-        case "settings-addtoken":
-            settingsAddToken.show();
-            break;
-        case "confirm-tx":
-            if (state.viewData && state.viewData.pendingTx) {
-                confirmTx.restore();
-            } else {
+    if (!renderView(state.currentView, state, viewModules)) {
         fallbackView();
     }
-            break;
-        case "transaction":
-            if (state.viewData && state.viewData.tx) {
-                transactionDetail.render();
-            } else {
-                fallbackView();
-            }
-            break;
-        case "success-tx":
-            if (state.viewData && state.viewData.hash) {
-                txStatus.renderSuccess();
-            } else {
-                fallbackView();
-            }
-            break;
-        case "error-tx":
-            if (state.viewData && state.viewData.message) {
-                txStatus.renderError();
-            } else {
-                fallbackView();
-            }
-            break;
-        default:
-            fallbackView();
-            break;
-    }
 }
 
 function fallbackView() {
@@ -236,7 +179,7 @@ async function init() {
         settings.show();
     });
 
-    setRenderMain(renderWalletList);
+    setBackRenderer(makeBackRenderer(state, viewModules));
 
     welcome.init(ctx);
     addWallet.init(ctx);
@@ -250,6 +193,7 @@ async function init() {
     addToken.init(ctx);
     settings.init(ctx);
     settingsAddToken.init(ctx);
+    deleteAddress.init(ctx);
 
     if (!state.hasWallet) {
         showView("welcome");

src/popup/restorableViews.js

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ const RESTORABLE_VIEWS = new Set([
     "settings-addtoken",
     "confirm-tx",
     "transaction",
+    "wait-tx",
     "success-tx",
     "error-tx",
 ]);

src/popup/viewRouter.js

@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+// Rendering a view the popup lands on without having navigated to it
+// forward: on restore, and on Back. In both cases the view may never have
+// been rendered in this page load — a reopened popup renders only the
+// wallet list and the view it restores onto, so every other view is still
+// the blank static template from index.html — so unhiding it is not enough.
+//
+// Forward navigation renders as it goes and must NOT come through here:
+// rendering a second time would re-fetch and clobber whatever the view has
+// in flight.
+//
+// The view modules are injected and nothing here touches the DOM, so the
+// dispatch and its data guards can be tested directly; src/popup/index.js
+// cannot be required outside a browser.
+
+const { RESTORABLE_VIEWS } = require("./restorableViews");
+
+// The views this page load has rendered.
+//
+// The Back path cannot otherwise tell its two cases apart. A view the popup
+// never rendered is still the blank template from index.html and has to be
+// rendered; a view already on the page must NOT be rendered again, because
+// a second render re-fetches and overwrites whatever the user has typed
+// into it and not yet saved.
+//
+// Registration is showView() in views/helpers.js, which is the last thing
+// every render path runs — restoreView()'s, the Back path's, and every
+// forward show(). That is the point of putting it there rather than in the
+// individual views: a view added later registers itself with no one having
+// to remember it, so this cannot decay.
+//
+// Module scope is page-load scope: the popup loads this module once per
+// page load, and a reopened popup gets a fresh, empty set — which is
+// exactly the state that makes the Back path render.
+const renderedViews = new Set();
+
+function markViewRendered(view) {
+    if (view) renderedViews.add(view);
+}
+
+// Begin a fresh page-load scope. The popup gets one by being loaded; the
+// unit tests, which simulate several page loads against one module
+// instance, ask for one.
+function resetRenderedViews() {
+    renderedViews.clear();
+}
+
+// Home is the exception: Back re-renders it every time, which is what the
+// popup did before this router existed (index.js registered
+// renderWalletList() as setRenderMain(), and goBack() called it on every
+// Back onto "main"). It must stay that way — the wallet list has to reflect
+// what changed while the user was away from it, such as a wallet renamed or
+// an address removed in Settings — and Home holds no unsaved input to lose.
+const ALWAYS_RENDER_ON_BACK = new Set(["main"]);
+
+// Views that render an address the user picked and cannot be rendered
+// without one.
+const ADDRESS_VIEWS = new Set([
+    "address",
+    "address-token",
+    "receive",
+    "transaction",
+]);
+
+function needsAddress(view) {
+    return ADDRESS_VIEWS.has(view);
+}
+
+function hasValidAddress(state) {
+    return Boolean(
+        state.selectedWallet !== null &&
+        state.selectedAddress !== null &&
+        state.wallets[state.selectedWallet] &&
+        state.wallets[state.selectedWallet].addresses[state.selectedAddress],
+    );
+}
+
+// Render `view` from persisted state. Each view module shows itself, so a
+// true return means the view is both rendered and on screen.
+//
+// Returns false when the view is not one the popup renders from state, or
+// when the state it would render is gone — a token no longer selected, a
+// transaction no longer persisted. The caller falls back rather than
+// putting an empty template on screen.
+function renderView(view, state, views) {
+    if (!view || !RESTORABLE_VIEWS.has(view)) return false;
+    if (needsAddress(view) && !hasValidAddress(state)) return false;
+    if (view === "address-token" && !state.selectedToken) return false;
+
+    const data = state.viewData || {};
+    switch (view) {
+        case "main":
+            views.main.show();
+            return true;
+        case "address":
+            views.addressDetail.show();
+            return true;
+        case "address-token":
+            views.addressToken.show();
+            return true;
+        case "receive":
+            views.receive.show();
+            return true;
+        case "settings":
+            views.settings.show();
+            return true;
+        case "settings-addtoken":
+            views.settingsAddToken.show();
+            return true;
+        case "confirm-tx":
+            if (!data.pendingTx) return false;
+            views.confirmTx.restore();
+            return true;
+        case "transaction":
+            if (!data.tx) return false;
+            views.transactionDetail.render();
+            return true;
+        case "wait-tx":
+            // Resumes the receipt poll from the persisted broadcast time,
+            // and answers false when there is nothing resumable left.
+            return Boolean(views.txStatus.restoreWait());
+        case "success-tx":
+            if (!data.hash) return false;
+            views.txStatus.renderSuccess();
+            return true;
+        case "error-tx":
+            if (!data.message) return false;
+            views.txStatus.renderError();
+            return true;
+        default:
+            return false;
+    }
+}
+
+// The Back-path renderer, registered with setBackRenderer() in
+// views/helpers.js.
+//
+// Returns false — leaving goBack() to unhide the view, as it always did —
+// in the two cases where the view is known to be on the page already:
+//
+//   - It is not one the popup renders from persisted state. The restored
+//     stack is filtered against RESTORABLE_VIEWS, so such a view can only
+//     be on the stack from this page load, where forward navigation
+//     rendered it on the way in.
+//   - This page load has rendered it. Re-rendering would re-fetch and
+//     clobber what it holds; Home is rendered anyway, see above.
+//
+// What is left is the case the router exists for: a view on the stack that
+// this page load has never rendered, whose template is still blank.
+function makeBackRenderer(state, views) {
+    return function renderBack(view) {
+        if (!RESTORABLE_VIEWS.has(view)) return false;
+        if (renderedViews.has(view) && !ALWAYS_RENDER_ON_BACK.has(view)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (!renderView(view, state, views)) {
+            views.main.show();
+        }
+        return true;
+    };
+}
+
+module.exports = {
+    renderView,
+    makeBackRenderer,
+    markViewRendered,
+    resetRenderedViews,
+};

src/popup/views/addWallet.js

@@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
-const { $, showView, showFlash, goBack, clearViewStack } = require("./helpers");
+const {
+    $,
+    showView,
+    showFlash,
+    goBack,
+    clearViewStack,
+    onViewLeave,
+} = require("./helpers");
 const {
     generateMnemonic,
     hdWalletFromMnemonic,
@@ -66,13 +73,23 @@ function switchMode(mode) {
     $("add-wallet-password-hint").textContent = PASSWORD_HINTS[mode];
 }
 
-function show() {
+// Wipe the secret material this screen holds in the DOM: a generated or
+// pasted recovery phrase, an imported private key or extended private key,
+// and the password that would encrypt them. Registered as the view-leave
+// handler as well as run on entry, so none of it survives in the hidden
+// view after the user navigates away by any route, including the Settings
+// gear and the import itself.
+function clear() {
     $("wallet-mnemonic").value = "";
     $("import-private-key").value = "";
     $("import-xprv-key").value = "";
     $("add-wallet-password").value = "";
     $("add-wallet-password-confirm").value = "";
     $("add-wallet-phrase-warning").style.visibility = "hidden";
+}
+
+function show() {
+    clear();
     switchMode("mnemonic");
     showView("add-wallet");
 }
@@ -288,6 +305,8 @@ async function importXprvKey(ctx) {
 }
 
 function init(ctx) {
+    onViewLeave("add-wallet", clear);
+
     // Tab click handlers
     $("tab-mnemonic").addEventListener("click", () => switchMode("mnemonic"));
     $("tab-privkey").addEventListener("click", () => switchMode("privkey"));

src/popup/views/addressDetail.js

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ const {
     $,
     showView,
     showFlash,
-    flashCopyFeedback,
     balanceLinesForAddress,
     addressDotHtml,
     addressTitle,
@@ -27,8 +26,7 @@ const {
 } = require("./send");
 const { log } = require("../../shared/log");
 const makeBlockie = require("ethereum-blockies-base64");
-const { decryptWithPassword } = require("../../shared/vault");
-const { getSignerForAddress } = require("../../shared/wallet");
+const exportPrivkey = require("./exportPrivkey");
 const { walletDefect } = require("../../shared/walletDefects");
 
 // The defect of the wallet the selected address belongs to, or null. Both the
@@ -321,81 +319,12 @@ function init(_ctx) {
             showFlash(defect.shortMessage);
             return;
         }
-        pushCurrentView();
-        const wallet = state.wallets[state.selectedWallet];
-        const addr = wallet.addresses[state.selectedAddress];
-        const blockieEl = $("export-privkey-jazzicon");
-        blockieEl.innerHTML = "";
-        const bImg = document.createElement("img");
-        bImg.src = makeBlockie(addr.address);
-        bImg.width = 48;
-        bImg.height = 48;
-        bImg.style.imageRendering = "pixelated";
-        bImg.style.borderRadius = "50%";
-        blockieEl.appendChild(bImg);
-        $("export-privkey-title").textContent =
-            wallet.name + " \u2014 Address " + (state.selectedAddress + 1);
-        const exportAddrContainer = $("export-privkey-dot").parentElement;
-        exportAddrContainer.innerHTML = renderAddressHtml(addr.address);
-        attachCopyHandlers(exportAddrContainer);
-        $("export-privkey-password").value = "";
-        $("export-privkey-flash").textContent = "";
-        $("export-privkey-flash").style.visibility = "hidden";
-        $("export-privkey-password-section").classList.remove("hidden");
-        $("export-privkey-result").classList.add("hidden");
-        $("export-privkey-value").textContent = "";
-        showView("export-privkey");
+        // No pushCurrentView() here: exportPrivkey.show() can return
+        // without navigating, so it does its own push.
+        exportPrivkey.show(state.selectedWallet, state.selectedAddress);
     });
 
-    $("btn-export-privkey-confirm").addEventListener("click", async () => {
-        const password = $("export-privkey-password").value;
-        if (!password) {
-            $("export-privkey-flash").textContent = "Password is required.";
-            $("export-privkey-flash").style.visibility = "visible";
-            return;
-        }
-        const btn = $("btn-export-privkey-confirm");
-        btn.disabled = true;
-        btn.classList.add("text-muted");
-        const wallet = state.wallets[state.selectedWallet];
-        try {
-            const secret = await decryptWithPassword(
-                wallet.encryptedSecret,
-                password,
-            );
-            const signer = getSignerForAddress(
-                wallet,
-                state.selectedAddress,
-                secret,
-            );
-            const privateKey = signer.privateKey;
-            $("export-privkey-password-section").classList.add("hidden");
-            $("export-privkey-value").textContent = privateKey;
-            $("export-privkey-result").classList.remove("hidden");
-            $("export-privkey-flash").style.visibility = "hidden";
-        } catch {
-            $("export-privkey-flash").textContent = "Wrong password.";
-            $("export-privkey-flash").style.visibility = "visible";
-        } finally {
-            btn.disabled = false;
-            btn.classList.remove("text-muted");
-        }
-    });
-
-    $("export-privkey-value").addEventListener("click", () => {
-        const key = $("export-privkey-value").textContent;
-        if (key) {
-            navigator.clipboard.writeText(key);
-            showFlash("Copied!");
-            flashCopyFeedback($("export-privkey-value"));
-        }
-    });
-
-    $("btn-export-privkey-back").addEventListener("click", () => {
-        $("export-privkey-value").textContent = "";
-        $("export-privkey-password").value = "";
-        goBack();
-    });
+    exportPrivkey.init();
 }
 
 module.exports = { init, show };

src/popup/views/approval.js

@@ -7,8 +7,10 @@ const {
     hideError,
     renderAddressHtml,
     attachCopyHandlers,
+    onViewLeave,
 } = require("./helpers");
 const { state, saveState, currentNetwork } = require("../../shared/state");
+const { networkByChainId } = require("../../shared/networks");
 const {
     formatEther,
     formatUnits,
@@ -22,7 +24,6 @@ const { TOKEN_BY_ADDRESS } = require("../../shared/tokenList");
 const { decryptWithPassword } = require("../../shared/vault");
 const { getSignerForAddress } = require("../../shared/wallet");
 const { walletDefect } = require("../../shared/walletDefects");
-const { getProvider } = require("../../shared/balances");
 const { describeSigningFailure } = require("../../shared/approvalVerify");
 const txStatus = require("./txStatus");
 const uniswap = require("../../shared/uniswap");
@@ -158,21 +159,61 @@ function showPhishingWarning(elementId, isPhishing) {
     }
 }
 
+// The fields of the approved transaction the value and recipient lines do not
+// already carry: network, gas limit, fee per gas, the most the fee can come to,
+// and the nonce. The background compares every one of them against the signed
+// artifact, so every one of them has to be on the screen — a number that is
+// verified but never displayed is verified against nothing the user agreed to.
+function showTxFee(approvedTx, ethPrice) {
+    const network = networkByChainId(approvedTx.chainId);
+    $("approve-tx-network").textContent = network
+        ? network.name
+        : "Unknown network (chain id " + BigInt(approvedTx.chainId) + ")";
+
+    const gasLimit = BigInt(approvedTx.gasLimit);
+    const feePerGas = BigInt(approvedTx.maxFeePerGas || approvedTx.gasPrice);
+    const maxFeeEth = formatTxValue(formatEther(gasLimit * feePerGas));
+    const usdStr = formatUsd(
+        ethPrice ? parseFloat(maxFeeEth) * ethPrice : null,
+    );
+    $("approve-tx-fee").textContent =
+        maxFeeEth + " ETH" + (usdStr ? " (" + usdStr + ")" : "");
+
+    let detail =
+        gasLimit.toString() +
+        " gas at up to " +
+        formatUnits(feePerGas, 9) +
+        " gwei";
+    if (approvedTx.maxPriorityFeePerGas) {
+        detail +=
+            ", " +
+            formatUnits(approvedTx.maxPriorityFeePerGas, 9) +
+            " gwei priority";
+    }
+    $("approve-tx-fee-detail").textContent = detail;
+    $("approve-tx-nonce").textContent = BigInt(approvedTx.nonce).toString();
+}
+
 function showTxApproval(details) {
     showPhishingWarning(
         "approve-tx-phishing-warning",
         details.isPhishingDomain,
     );
 
-    pendingTxParams = details.txParams;
+    // The transaction the background populated. It is displayed as it stands,
+    // signed as it stands, and verified against as it stands — the popup fills
+    // nothing in, so there is no number on this screen that the background
+    // cannot compare with the artifact it gets back.
+    pendingTxParams = details.approvedTx;
+    const approvedTx = details.approvedTx;
 
-    const toAddr = details.txParams.to;
+    const toAddr = approvedTx.to;
     const token = toAddr ? TOKEN_BY_ADDRESS.get(toAddr.toLowerCase()) : null;
-    const ethValue = formatEther(details.txParams.value || "0");
+    const ethValue = formatEther(approvedTx.value || "0");
 
     // Build txInfo for status screens
     pendingTxDetails = {
-        from: state.activeAddress,
+        from: details.approvedFrom,
         to: toAddr || "",
         amount: formatTxValue(ethValue),
         token: "ETH",
@@ -180,7 +221,7 @@ function showTxApproval(details) {
     };
 
     // If this is an ERC-20 call, try to extract the real recipient and amount
-    const decoded = decodeCalldata(details.txParams.data, toAddr || "");
+    const decoded = decodeCalldata(approvedTx.data, toAddr || "");
     if (decoded && decoded.details) {
         let decodedTokenAddr = null;
         let decodedTokenSymbol = null;
@@ -218,7 +259,7 @@ function showTxApproval(details) {
     }
 
     $("approve-tx-hostname").textContent = details.hostname;
-    $("approve-tx-from").innerHTML = approvalAddressHtml(state.activeAddress);
+    $("approve-tx-from").innerHTML = approvalAddressHtml(details.approvedFrom);
 
     // Show token symbol next to contract address if known
     const symbol = toAddr ? tokenLabel(toAddr) : null;
@@ -234,7 +275,7 @@ function showTxApproval(details) {
     }
 
     const ethValueFormatted = formatTxValue(
-        formatEther(details.txParams.value || "0"),
+        formatEther(approvedTx.value || "0"),
     );
     const ethPrice = getPrice("ETH");
     const ethUsd = ethPrice ? parseFloat(ethValueFormatted) * ethPrice : null;
@@ -242,6 +283,8 @@ function showTxApproval(details) {
     $("approve-tx-value").textContent =
         ethValueFormatted + " ETH" + (usdStr ? " (" + usdStr + ")" : "");
 
+    showTxFee(approvedTx, ethPrice);
+
     // Decode calldata (reuse decoded from above)
     const decodedEl = $("approve-tx-decoded");
     if (decoded) {
@@ -270,8 +313,8 @@ function showTxApproval(details) {
     }
 
     // Always show raw data when present
-    if (details.txParams.data && details.txParams.data !== "0x") {
-        $("approve-tx-data").textContent = details.txParams.data;
+    if (approvedTx.data && approvedTx.data !== "0x") {
+        $("approve-tx-data").textContent = approvedTx.data;
         $("approve-tx-data-section").classList.remove("hidden");
     } else {
         $("approve-tx-data-section").classList.add("hidden");
@@ -282,7 +325,11 @@ function showTxApproval(details) {
 
     showView("approve-tx");
     attachCopyHandlers("view-approve-tx");
-    gateOnWalletDefect("approve-tx-error", "btn-approve-tx");
+    gateOnWalletDefect(
+        "approve-tx-error",
+        "btn-approve-tx",
+        details.approvedFrom,
+    );
 }
 
 function decodeHexMessage(hex) {
@@ -341,9 +388,12 @@ function showSignApproval(details) {
 
     const sp = details.signParams;
     pendingSignParams = sp;
+    pendingSignFrom = details.approvedFrom;
 
     $("approve-sign-hostname").textContent = details.hostname;
-    $("approve-sign-from").innerHTML = approvalAddressHtml(sp.from);
+    $("approve-sign-from").innerHTML = approvalAddressHtml(
+        details.approvedFrom,
+    );
 
     const isTyped =
         sp.method === "eth_signTypedData_v4" ||
@@ -382,12 +432,16 @@ function showSignApproval(details) {
 
     showView("approve-sign");
     attachCopyHandlers("view-approve-sign");
-    gateOnWalletDefect("approve-sign-error", "btn-approve-sign");
+    gateOnWalletDefect(
+        "approve-sign-error",
+        "btn-approve-sign",
+        details.approvedFrom,
+    );
 }
 
 function show(id) {
     approvalId = id;
-    runtime.connect({ name: "approval:" + id });
+    approvalPort = runtime.connect({ name: "approval:" + id });
     runtime.sendMessage({ type: "AUTISTMASK_GET_APPROVAL", id }, (details) => {
         if (!details) {
             window.close();
@@ -416,12 +470,24 @@ function show(id) {
 }
 
 let approvalId = null;
+// The port this approval was opened on. Closing this window disconnects it,
+// and the background treats that disconnect as "closed without deciding" for a
+// site connection — so the decision goes out on this same port and not as a
+// one-off message. One channel is ordered: a message posted on it is delivered
+// before its own disconnect, however immediately the close follows. Two
+// channels were not, and the close won, reporting a user who approved as
+// having refused.
+let approvalPort = null;
 let pendingTxDetails = null;
-// The exact parameters shown to the user, kept so the popup signs what it
-// displayed rather than re-fetching anything at approval time. Both are
-// repopulated by show() when the popup is closed and reopened.
+// The exact objects shown to the user, kept so the popup signs what it
+// displayed rather than re-fetching or re-populating anything at approval
+// time. All are repopulated by show() when the popup is closed and reopened.
 let pendingTxParams = null;
 let pendingSignParams = null;
+// The address the approval was raised for. Signing uses this rather than the
+// active address, so that an address switch since the approval fails here
+// instead of producing a signature from an account the screen never named.
+let pendingSignFrom = null;
 
 // Approve buttons stay disabled and muted while the popup derives the key and
 // signs, which is slow enough (Argon2id) that a double click is likely.
@@ -436,12 +502,13 @@ function setSignButtonBusy(busy) {
 }
 
 // Say so on the approval screen itself, and disable the approve button, when
-// the active address belongs to a wallet whose keys cannot be derived. Without
-// this the screen would take a password and fail after deriving it. Reject
-// stays available; the wallet is not touched. Returns true when it gated.
-function gateOnWalletDefect(errorId, buttonId) {
-    const active = findActiveWallet();
-    const defect = active ? walletDefect(active.wallet) : null;
+// the address the approval was raised for belongs to a wallet whose keys
+// cannot be derived. Without this the screen would take a password and fail
+// after deriving it. Reject stays available; the wallet is not touched.
+// Returns true when it gated.
+function gateOnWalletDefect(errorId, buttonId, address) {
+    const owner = findWalletFor(address);
+    const defect = owner ? walletDefect(owner.wallet) : null;
     if (!defect) return false;
     showError(errorId, defect.shortMessage);
     $(buttonId).disabled = true;
@@ -449,12 +516,14 @@ function gateOnWalletDefect(errorId, buttonId) {
     return true;
 }
 
-// Locate the wallet and the address index owning the currently active
-// address. Returns null when no wallet holds it.
-function findActiveWallet() {
+// Locate the wallet and the address index owning an address. Returns null when
+// no wallet holds it. Approvals look up the address they were raised for, not
+// whichever address is active now: the approval named one account, and signing
+// with another is what verification refuses.
+function findWalletFor(address) {
     for (const wallet of state.wallets) {
         for (let i = 0; i < wallet.addresses.length; i++) {
-            if (wallet.addresses[i].address === state.activeAddress) {
+            if (wallet.addresses[i].address === address) {
                 return { wallet, addrIndex: i };
             }
         }
@@ -462,32 +531,49 @@ function findActiveWallet() {
     return null;
 }
 
+// Drop the password from the DOM when either approval screen is left. The
+// approval window navigates on after a signature — approve-tx goes to the
+// wait screen — and the password must not sit in the hidden view for the
+// life of that window.
+function clearTxPassword() {
+    $("approve-tx-password").value = "";
+    hideError("approve-tx-error");
+}
+
+function clearSignPassword() {
+    $("approve-sign-password").value = "";
+    hideError("approve-sign-error");
+}
+
+// Answer a site-connection approval and close. The decision goes out on the
+// approval port — see approvalPort above for why — and carries no approval id,
+// because the port name already names the approval the background will settle.
+function decideSite(approved) {
+    if (approvalPort) {
+        approvalPort.postMessage({
+            type: "AUTISTMASK_APPROVAL_DECISION",
+            approved,
+            remember: $("approve-remember").checked,
+        });
+    }
+    window.close();
+}
+
 function init(ctx) {
+    onViewLeave("approve-tx", clearTxPassword);
+    onViewLeave("approve-sign", clearSignPassword);
+
     $("approve-remember").addEventListener("change", async () => {
         state.rememberSiteChoice = $("approve-remember").checked;
         await saveState();
     });
 
     $("btn-approve").addEventListener("click", () => {
-        const remember = $("approve-remember").checked;
-        runtime.sendMessage({
-            type: "AUTISTMASK_APPROVAL_RESPONSE",
-            id: approvalId,
-            approved: true,
-            remember,
-        });
-        window.close();
+        decideSite(true);
     });
 
     $("btn-reject").addEventListener("click", () => {
-        const remember = $("approve-remember").checked;
-        runtime.sendMessage({
-            type: "AUTISTMASK_APPROVAL_RESPONSE",
-            id: approvalId,
-            approved: false,
-            remember,
-        });
-        window.close();
+        decideSite(false);
     });
 
     $("btn-approve-tx").addEventListener("click", async () => {
@@ -499,12 +585,12 @@ function init(ctx) {
         hideError("approve-tx-error");
         setTxButtonBusy(true);
 
-        const active = findActiveWallet();
+        const active = findWalletFor(pendingTxParams.from);
         if (!active) {
             password = null;
             showError(
                 "approve-tx-error",
-                "No wallet was found for the active address.",
+                "No wallet was found for the address this transaction was approved for.",
             );
             setTxButtonBusy(false);
             return;
@@ -551,15 +637,16 @@ function init(ctx) {
                 active.addrIndex,
                 decryptedSecret,
             );
-            const provider = getProvider(state.rpcUrl);
-            const connected = signer.connect(provider);
-            // This is the sequence ethers' own sendTransaction() runs
-            // internally, so nonce, gas, fee and chain id population are
-            // identical to when the background did the signing.
-            const populated =
-                await connected.populateTransaction(pendingTxParams);
-            delete populated.from;
-            payload.rawSignedTx = await connected.signTransaction(populated);
+            // Sign the approved transaction exactly as it was displayed. The
+            // background populated it before this screen was drawn and checks
+            // the artifact against it field for field, so there is nothing to
+            // fill in here and no provider to fill it in from. The copy is
+            // because ethers may strip `from` off what it is handed, and the
+            // approval has to survive a retry intact; keeping `from` on it
+            // makes ethers refuse a key that is not the approved address.
+            payload.rawSignedTx = await signer.signTransaction({
+                ...pendingTxParams,
+            });
         } catch (e) {
             payload.error =
                 e.shortMessage || e.message || "Transaction signing failed.";
@@ -608,12 +695,12 @@ function init(ctx) {
         hideError("approve-sign-error");
         setSignButtonBusy(true);
 
-        const active = findActiveWallet();
+        const active = findWalletFor(pendingSignFrom);
         if (!active) {
             password = null;
             showError(
                 "approve-sign-error",
-                "No wallet was found for the active address.",
+                "No wallet was found for the address this request was approved for.",
             );
             setSignButtonBusy(false);
             return;

src/popup/views/confirmTx.js

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ const {
     renderAddressHtml,
     attachCopyHandlers,
     goBack,
+    onViewLeave,
 } = require("./helpers");
 const { state, currentNetwork } = require("../../shared/state");
 const { getSignerForAddress } = require("../../shared/wallet");
@@ -390,7 +391,17 @@ async function checkRecipientHistory(txInfo) {
     }
 }
 
+// Drop the password from the DOM. Registered as the view-leave handler so
+// it does not sit in the hidden view once the screen navigates on — to the
+// wait screen after a send, or anywhere else the user goes.
+function clearPassword() {
+    $("confirm-tx-password").value = "";
+    hideError("confirm-tx-password-error");
+}
+
 function init(ctx) {
+    onViewLeave("confirm-tx", clearPassword);
+
     $("btn-confirm-send").addEventListener("click", async () => {
         const password = $("confirm-tx-password").value;
         if (!password) {
@@ -411,7 +422,10 @@ function init(ctx) {
                 password,
             );
         } catch (e) {
-            showError("confirm-tx-password-error", "Wrong password.");
+            showError(
+                "confirm-tx-password-error",
+                "That password is incorrect. Please try again.",
+            );
             return;
         }
 

src/popup/views/deleteAddress.js

@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+// Confirmation screen for removing one address from a wallet that derives
+// its addresses from an extended key.
+//
+// No password is asked for, unlike delete-wallet. A password gates the
+// disclosure or destruction of a secret, and this does neither: the address
+// is derived from key material the wallet still holds, so removing it only
+// stops the wallet tracking it. An explicit confirmation screen is the
+// proportionate treatment.
+
+const {
+    $,
+    showView,
+    showFlash,
+    goBack,
+    renderAddressHtml,
+    attachCopyHandlers,
+    addressHoldsFunds,
+    balanceLinesForAddress,
+} = require("./helpers");
+const { formatUsd, getAddressValueUsd } = require("../../shared/prices");
+const { walletHasRecoveryPhrase } = require("../../shared/wallet");
+const { state, saveState } = require("../../shared/state");
+const {
+    canRemoveAddress,
+    removeAddressFromState,
+    broadcastActiveChanged,
+} = require("../../shared/walletDelete");
+
+// The wallet and address indices this screen is confirming, or null when it
+// is not confirming anything.
+let target = null;
+let ctx = null;
+
+function setFlash(msg) {
+    const el = $("delete-address-flash");
+    el.textContent = msg;
+    el.style.visibility = msg ? "visible" : "hidden";
+}
+
+// What it actually takes to get the address back, which is not what the
+// screen used to claim.
+//
+// Neither obvious route works: "+" derives the next unused index, because
+// wallet.nextIndex is a high-water mark and is deliberately not rewound; and
+// re-importing this wallet's key material is refused as a duplicate by
+// findWalletByXpub() for as long as the wallet is here. What remains is to
+// delete the whole wallet in Settings — which asks for the password and
+// destroys the stored secret — and import again, after which
+// scanForAddresses() rediscovers the address only if it has on-chain
+// activity. An address that was never used is not found by that scan, and
+// the copy must not imply otherwise.
+//
+// The noun follows the wallet: an xprv wallet holds no recovery phrase, and
+// this screen is offered on xprv wallets too.
+function recoveryPathText(wallet) {
+    const secret = walletHasRecoveryPhrase(wallet)
+        ? "recovery phrase"
+        : "extended private key";
+    return (
+        "Getting the address back into this list is not easy, so be sure. " +
+        "Adding an address derives the next unused one, not this one, and " +
+        "importing this " +
+        secret +
+        " again is refused while this wallet is still here. The way back is " +
+        "to delete the whole wallet in Settings, which asks for your " +
+        "password and destroys the stored " +
+        secret +
+        ", and then import that " +
+        secret +
+        " again. The scan that follows only finds addresses that have " +
+        "on-chain activity, so an address that has never been used is not " +
+        "found by it."
+    );
+}
+
+// The balance warning, or a blank line when the address holds nothing.
+//
+// A balance is a reason to be careful, not a reason to refuse: the funds are
+// at the address, not in this list, and stay there either way.
+//
+// "Holds" means ETH or any ERC-20 the wallet knows about — an address with no
+// ETH and a five-figure stablecoin position must not get the blank line on
+// the one screen whose job is to warn. The sentence names no figure of its
+// own: the rendered lines round to four decimals, so a sentence built from a
+// rounded number would report "0.0000 ETH" for an address holding real money.
+// The lines below it carry the amounts, in the same format as Home and
+// AddressDetail, followed by the USD total when prices are known (null on
+// testnet and before the first price fetch, where the line is left off rather
+// than printed as $0.00).
+function balanceWarningHtml(addr) {
+    if (!addressHoldsFunds(addr)) return " ";
+    const usd = getAddressValueUsd(addr);
+    const total =
+        usd === null
+            ? ""
+            : `<div class="text-xs text-muted mt-1">Total: ${formatUsd(usd)}</div>`;
+    return (
+        `<p class="mb-1">This address holds a balance. Removing it does not ` +
+        `move or spend anything; the balance stays at the address.</p>` +
+        balanceLinesForAddress(addr, state.trackedTokens, false) +
+        total
+    );
+}
+
+function show(walletIdx, addrIdx) {
+    const wallet = state.wallets[walletIdx];
+    const addr = wallet && wallet.addresses[addrIdx];
+    if (!addr) return;
+    target = { walletIdx, addrIdx };
+
+    $("delete-address-label").textContent = "Address " + (addrIdx + 1);
+    $("delete-address-wallet-name").textContent =
+        wallet.name || "Wallet " + (walletIdx + 1);
+
+    const value = $("delete-address-value");
+    value.innerHTML = renderAddressHtml(addr.address, {
+        ensName: addr.ensName,
+    });
+    attachCopyHandlers(value);
+
+    $("delete-address-recovery").textContent = recoveryPathText(wallet);
+    $("delete-address-balance").innerHTML = balanceWarningHtml(addr);
+
+    setFlash("");
+    showView("delete-address-confirm");
+}
+
+function init(_ctx) {
+    ctx = _ctx;
+
+    $("btn-delete-address-back").addEventListener("click", () => {
+        target = null;
+        goBack();
+    });
+
+    $("btn-delete-address-confirm").addEventListener("click", async () => {
+        if (target === null) {
+            setFlash("No address is selected for removal.");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        const { walletIdx, addrIdx } = target;
+        if (!canRemoveAddress(state.wallets[walletIdx])) {
+            setFlash(
+                "This address cannot be removed, because a wallet always " +
+                    "keeps at least one address.",
+            );
+            return;
+        }
+
+        const { removed, activeAddressChanged } = removeAddressFromState(
+            state,
+            walletIdx,
+            addrIdx,
+        );
+        if (!removed) {
+            setFlash("This address could not be removed.");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        target = null;
+        // Save before broadcasting: the background reads the active address
+        // back out of storage to build accountsChanged.
+        await saveState();
+        if (activeAddressChanged) broadcastActiveChanged();
+
+        ctx.renderWalletList();
+        goBack();
+        showFlash("Address removed.");
+    });
+}
+
+// recoveryPathText and balanceWarningHtml are exported so the two pieces of
+// copy that carry the screen's substance can be tested without a DOM; show()
+// is a one-line assignment for each.
+module.exports = { init, show, recoveryPathText, balanceWarningHtml };

src/popup/views/deleteWallet.js

@@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
-const { $, showView, showFlash, goBack, clearViewStack } = require("./helpers");
+const {
+    $,
+    showView,
+    showFlash,
+    goBack,
+    clearViewStack,
+    onViewLeave,
+} = require("./helpers");
 const { state, saveState } = require("../../shared/state");
 const { decryptWithPassword } = require("../../shared/vault");
 const {
@@ -9,22 +16,34 @@ const {
 let deleteWalletIndex = null;
 let ctx = null;
 
+// Drop the password from the DOM and the wallet selection from the
+// closure. Registered as the view-leave handler as well as run on entry,
+// so the typed password does not sit in the hidden view after the user
+// navigates away by any route, including the Settings gear.
+function clear() {
+    deleteWalletIndex = null;
+    $("delete-wallet-password").value = "";
+    $("delete-wallet-flash").textContent = "";
+    $("delete-wallet-flash").style.visibility = "hidden";
+}
+
 function show(walletIdx) {
+    clear();
     deleteWalletIndex = walletIdx;
     const wallet = state.wallets[walletIdx];
     $("delete-wallet-name").textContent =
         wallet.name || "Wallet " + (walletIdx + 1);
-    $("delete-wallet-password").value = "";
-    $("delete-wallet-flash").textContent = "";
-    $("delete-wallet-flash").style.visibility = "hidden";
     showView("delete-wallet-confirm");
 }
 
 function init(_ctx) {
     ctx = _ctx;
 
+    onViewLeave("delete-wallet-confirm", clear);
+
+    // No wipe here: goBack() routes through showView(), which runs the
+    // leave hook.
     $("btn-delete-wallet-back").addEventListener("click", () => {
-        deleteWalletIndex = null;
         goBack();
     });
 
@@ -55,7 +74,8 @@ function init(_ctx) {
         try {
             await decryptWithPassword(wallet.encryptedSecret, pw);
         } catch (_e) {
-            $("delete-wallet-flash").textContent = "Wrong password.";
+            $("delete-wallet-flash").textContent =
+                "That password is incorrect. Please try again.";
             $("delete-wallet-flash").style.visibility = "visible";
             btn.disabled = false;
             btn.classList.remove("text-muted");

src/popup/views/exportPrivkey.js

@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+// Private key export for a single address.
+//
+// The key controls the address outright — anyone holding it can move every
+// token in it, from any device, forever — so this screen is handled under
+// the same rules as the recovery phrase screen (./showPhrase.js):
+//
+//   1. Nothing is decrypted, no key is derived, and nothing is written into
+//      the DOM until decryptWithPassword has accepted the password.
+//   2. Leaving the screen by any path wipes it, via the onViewLeave hook,
+//      and a decrypt still in flight when that happens is discarded
+//      instead of written (revealGeneration).
+//   3. The key never reaches the logger. This module deliberately does not
+//      import src/shared/log.js.
+//
+// The key is also never assigned to `state`, so it cannot be persisted to
+// extension storage, and "export-privkey" is excluded from RESTORABLE_VIEWS
+// so the popup can never reopen onto it.
+
+const {
+    $,
+    showView,
+    showFlash,
+    flashCopyFeedback,
+    goBack,
+    onViewLeave,
+    pushCurrentView,
+    renderAddressHtml,
+    attachCopyHandlers,
+} = require("./helpers");
+const { state } = require("../../shared/state");
+const { decryptWithPassword } = require("../../shared/vault");
+const { getSignerForAddress } = require("../../shared/wallet");
+const makeBlockie = require("ethereum-blockies-base64");
+
+const VIEW = "export-privkey";
+
+let walletIndex = null;
+let addressIndex = null;
+
+// Bumped by every clear(), which is what leaving the screen runs. reveal()
+// captures it before awaiting the decrypt and refuses to touch the DOM if
+// it has moved: a decrypt still in flight when the screen is left would
+// otherwise write the key *after* the wipe, with nothing scheduled to wipe
+// it again, leaving it in the hidden view for the life of the popup.
+let revealGeneration = 0;
+
+// True only if the reveal that captured `generation` is still the live one:
+// the screen has not been left, cleared, or re-entered for another address
+// since it started.
+function isCurrentReveal(generation) {
+    return (
+        generation === revealGeneration &&
+        walletIndex !== null &&
+        addressIndex !== null &&
+        state.currentView === VIEW
+    );
+}
+
+function fail(message) {
+    $("export-privkey-flash").textContent = message;
+    $("export-privkey-flash").style.visibility = "visible";
+}
+
+// Wipe every trace of the key and drop the address selection. Safe to call
+// when nothing was ever revealed, and safe to call twice.
+function clear() {
+    walletIndex = null;
+    addressIndex = null;
+    revealGeneration += 1;
+    $("export-privkey-value").textContent = "";
+    $("export-privkey-password").value = "";
+    $("export-privkey-result").classList.add("hidden");
+    $("export-privkey-password-section").classList.remove("hidden");
+    $("export-privkey-flash").textContent = "";
+    $("export-privkey-flash").style.visibility = "hidden";
+}
+
+function show(walletIdx, addrIdx) {
+    const wallet = state.wallets[walletIdx];
+    const addr = wallet && wallet.addresses[addrIdx];
+    if (!addr) {
+        showFlash("That address is no longer available.");
+        return;
+    }
+    clear();
+    walletIndex = walletIdx;
+    addressIndex = addrIdx;
+
+    const blockieEl = $("export-privkey-jazzicon");
+    blockieEl.innerHTML = "";
+    const img = document.createElement("img");
+    img.src = makeBlockie(addr.address);
+    img.width = 48;
+    img.height = 48;
+    img.style.imageRendering = "pixelated";
+    img.style.borderRadius = "50%";
+    blockieEl.appendChild(img);
+
+    $("export-privkey-title").textContent =
+        wallet.name + " — Address " + (addrIdx + 1);
+    const addrContainer = $("export-privkey-dot").parentElement;
+    addrContainer.innerHTML = renderAddressHtml(addr.address);
+    attachCopyHandlers(addrContainer);
+
+    // Pushed here rather than by the caller: this function can return
+    // without navigating, and a push that happened anyway would leave an
+    // entry on the stack that no screen transition matches.
+    pushCurrentView();
+    showView(VIEW);
+}
+
+async function reveal() {
+    const password = $("export-privkey-password").value;
+    if (!password) {
+        fail("Password is required.");
+        return;
+    }
+    if (walletIndex === null) {
+        fail("No address is selected.");
+        return;
+    }
+    const wallet = state.wallets[walletIndex];
+
+    const btn = $("btn-export-privkey-confirm");
+    btn.disabled = true;
+    btn.classList.add("text-muted");
+    const generation = revealGeneration;
+    try {
+        const secret = await decryptWithPassword(
+            wallet.encryptedSecret,
+            password,
+        );
+        // The only suspension point in this view, and the gate on the only
+        // place a secret is written: if the screen was left while the
+        // decrypt ran, the wipe has already happened, so the key is not
+        // even derived, let alone written.
+        if (!isCurrentReveal(generation)) return;
+        const signer = getSignerForAddress(wallet, addressIndex, secret);
+        $("export-privkey-password").value = "";
+        $("export-privkey-password-section").classList.add("hidden");
+        $("export-privkey-value").textContent = signer.privateKey;
+        $("export-privkey-result").classList.remove("hidden");
+        $("export-privkey-flash").textContent = "";
+        $("export-privkey-flash").style.visibility = "hidden";
+    } catch {
+        if (!isCurrentReveal(generation)) return;
+        fail("That password is incorrect. Please try again.");
+    } finally {
+        btn.disabled = false;
+        btn.classList.remove("text-muted");
+    }
+}
+
+function init() {
+    onViewLeave(VIEW, clear);
+
+    // No wipe here: goBack() routes through showView(), which runs the
+    // leave hook. A per-button wipe would only cover this one path.
+    $("btn-export-privkey-back").addEventListener("click", () => {
+        goBack();
+    });
+
+    $("btn-export-privkey-confirm").addEventListener("click", reveal);
+
+    $("export-privkey-value").addEventListener("click", () => {
+        const key = $("export-privkey-value").textContent;
+        if (!key) return;
+        navigator.clipboard.writeText(key);
+        showFlash("Copied!");
+        flashCopyFeedback($("export-privkey-value"));
+    });
+}
+
+module.exports = { init, show };

src/popup/views/helpers.js

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ const {
     getAddressValueUsd,
 } = require("../../shared/prices");
 const { state, saveState, currentNetwork } = require("../../shared/state");
+const { markViewRendered } = require("../viewRouter");
 
 // When views are added, removed, or transitions between them change,
 // update the view-navigation documentation in README.md to match.
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ const VIEWS = [
     "add-token",
     "settings",
     "delete-wallet-confirm",
+    "delete-address-confirm",
     "settings-addtoken",
     "transaction",
     "approve-site",
@@ -75,6 +77,10 @@ function showView(name) {
     }
     clearFlash();
     state.currentView = name;
+    // A view's show() ends here, so this is where the Back path learns the
+    // view is no longer the blank template from index.html and must not be
+    // rendered a second time. See viewRouter.js.
+    markViewRendered(name);
     saveState();
     updateDebugBanner(name);
 }
@@ -110,12 +116,19 @@ function updateDebugBanner(viewName) {
     }
 }
 
-// Callback to re-render the main/home view when navigating back to it.
-// Set once by index.js via setRenderMain().
-let _renderMain = null;
+// Callback that renders a view being navigated BACK onto. Set once by
+// index.js via setBackRenderer(), which routes the view through the same
+// per-view render and data guards restoreView() uses.
+//
+// It answers true when it took the navigation — the view is rendered and
+// shown, or its backing data was gone and it fell back — and false for a
+// view the popup does not render from persisted state. Those can only be
+// on the stack from this page load, because the stack is filtered on load,
+// so they have already been rendered and only need unhiding.
+let _renderBack = null;
 
-function setRenderMain(fn) {
-    _renderMain = fn;
+function setBackRenderer(fn) {
+    _renderBack = fn;
 }
 
 // Push the current view onto the navigation stack so goBack() can
@@ -135,9 +148,11 @@ function goBack() {
     } else {
         target = "main";
     }
-    if (target === "main" && _renderMain) {
-        _renderMain();
-    }
+    // A popped view is landed on, not navigated to. If the popup has been
+    // closed and reopened since the view was pushed, nothing has ever
+    // rendered it in this page load and its template is still blank, so it
+    // has to be rendered here rather than merely unhidden.
+    if (_renderBack && _renderBack(target)) return;
     showView(target);
 }
 
@@ -217,6 +232,20 @@ function balanceLinesForAddress(addr, trackedTokens, showZero) {
     return html;
 }
 
+// Whether an address holds anything at all: ETH or any ERC-20 the wallet
+// knows about. Deliberately unrounded — the rendered lines round to four
+// decimals, so a dust balance displays as 0.0000 while still being real
+// money at a real address. Callers that warn about holdings must ask this,
+// not the rendered figure.
+function addressHoldsFunds(addr) {
+    if (!addr) return false;
+    if (parseFloat(addr.balance || "0") > 0) return true;
+    for (const t of addr.tokenBalances || []) {
+        if (parseFloat(t.balance || "0") > 0) return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
 // Truncate the middle of a string, replacing removed characters with "…".
 // Safety: refuses to truncate more than 10 characters, which is the maximum
 // that still prevents address spoofing attacks (see Display Consistency in
@@ -455,7 +484,7 @@ module.exports = {
     showView,
     onViewLeave,
     updateDebugBanner,
-    setRenderMain,
+    setBackRenderer,
     pushCurrentView,
     goBack,
     clearViewStack,
@@ -463,6 +492,7 @@ module.exports = {
     flashCopyFeedback,
     balanceLine,
     balanceLinesForAddress,
+    addressHoldsFunds,
     addressColor,
     addressDotHtml,
     escapeHtml,

src/popup/views/home.js

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ const {
     resetSendValidation,
 } = require("./send");
 const { deriveAddressFromXpub } = require("../../shared/wallet");
+const { canRemoveAddress } = require("../../shared/walletDelete");
 const {
     walletDefect,
     walletDefectHtml,
@@ -240,6 +241,12 @@ function walletListHtml() {
             html += `<div class="address-row py-1 border-b border-border-light cursor-pointer hover:bg-hover" data-wallet="${wi}" data-address="${ai}">`;
             const isActive = state.activeAddress === addr.address;
             const infoBtn = `<span class="btn-addr-info text-xs cursor-pointer border border-border hover:bg-fg hover:text-bg" style="padding:0" data-wallet="${wi}" data-address="${ai}">[info]</span>`;
+            // Only where a wallet can spare the address: a wallet holding a
+            // single address has no remove control, because its last address
+            // is never removable.
+            const removeBtn = canRemoveAddress(wallet)
+                ? `<span class="btn-remove-address text-xs cursor-pointer border border-border hover:bg-fg hover:text-bg ml-1" style="padding:0" data-wallet="${wi}" data-address="${ai}" title="Remove this address from the wallet">[x]</span>`
+                : "";
             const dot = addressDotHtml(addr.address);
             const titleBold = isActive ? "font-bold" : "";
             html += `<div class="text-xs ${titleBold}">Address ${ai + 1}</div>`;
@@ -248,7 +255,7 @@ function walletListHtml() {
             }
             html += `<div class="flex text-xs items-center justify-between">`;
             html += `<span class="flex items-center break-all">${addr.ensName ? "" : dot}${addr.address}</span>`;
-            html += `<span class="flex-shrink-0 ml-1">${infoBtn}</span>`;
+            html += `<span class="flex-shrink-0 ml-1">${infoBtn}${removeBtn}</span>`;
             html += `</div>`;
             const addrUsd = formatUsd(getAddressValueUsd(addr));
             html += `<div class="text-xs text-muted text-right min-h-[1rem]">${addrUsd || "&nbsp;"}</div>`;
@@ -304,6 +311,16 @@ function render(ctx) {
         });
     });
 
+    container.querySelectorAll(".btn-remove-address").forEach((btn) => {
+        btn.addEventListener("click", (e) => {
+            e.stopPropagation();
+            ctx.showDeleteAddress(
+                parseInt(btn.dataset.wallet, 10),
+                parseInt(btn.dataset.address, 10),
+            );
+        });
+    });
+
     container.querySelectorAll(".btn-add-address").forEach((btn) => {
         btn.addEventListener("click", async (e) => {
             e.stopPropagation();

src/popup/views/send.js

@@ -12,8 +12,9 @@ const {
 const { state, currentAddress } = require("../../shared/state");
 let ctx;
 const { getProvider } = require("../../shared/balances");
-const { KNOWN_SYMBOLS, resolveSymbol } = require("../../shared/tokenList");
+const { resolveSymbol } = require("../../shared/tokenList");
 const { isLowHolderCount } = require("../../shared/holders");
+const { isSpoofedSymbol } = require("../../shared/symbolSpoof");
 const { getAddress } = require("ethers");
 
 const ZERO_ADDRESS = "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000";
@@ -116,14 +117,6 @@ function updateToValidation() {
     }
 }
 
-function isSpoofedToken(t) {
-    const upper = (t.symbol || "").toUpperCase();
-    if (!KNOWN_SYMBOLS.has(upper)) return false;
-    const legit = KNOWN_SYMBOLS.get(upper);
-    if (legit === null) return true;
-    return t.address.toLowerCase() !== legit;
-}
-
 function renderSendTokenSelect(addr) {
     const sel = $("send-token");
     sel.innerHTML = '<option value="ETH">ETH</option>';
@@ -131,7 +124,7 @@ function renderSendTokenSelect(addr) {
         (state.fraudContracts || []).map((a) => a.toLowerCase()),
     );
     for (const t of addr.tokenBalances || []) {
-        if (isSpoofedToken(t)) continue;
+        if (isSpoofedSymbol(t.symbol, t.address)) continue;
         if (fraudSet.has(t.address.toLowerCase())) continue;
         // An unknown holder count does not withhold a token the user holds:
         // only a count the explorer actually reported as below the threshold

src/popup/views/settings.js

@@ -9,6 +9,10 @@ const {
     pushCurrentView,
 } = require("./helpers");
 const { applyTheme } = require("../theme");
+const {
+    DUST_THRESHOLD_MESSAGE,
+    parseDustThresholdGwei,
+} = require("../dustThreshold");
 const { state, saveState, currentNetwork } = require("../../shared/state");
 const { NETWORKS, SUPPORTED_CHAIN_IDS } = require("../../shared/networks");
 const { onChainSwitch } = require("../../shared/chainSwitch");
@@ -329,13 +333,14 @@ function init(ctx) {
 
     $("settings-dust-threshold").value = state.dustThresholdGwei;
     $("settings-dust-threshold").addEventListener("change", async () => {
-        const raw = $("settings-dust-threshold").value.trim();
-        const val = Number(raw);
-        // 0 is accepted and means "hide nothing".  Empty, negative,
-        // fractional and non-numeric input is rejected outright rather than
-        // coerced, and the field is put back to the stored threshold so it
-        // never shows a value the wallet is not using.
-        if (raw !== "" && Number.isInteger(val) && val >= 0) {
+        const val = parseDustThresholdGwei($("settings-dust-threshold").value);
+        // Rejected input is never coerced. The field is put back to the
+        // stored threshold so it never shows a value the wallet is not
+        // using, and the message says what the field wants so the snap-back
+        // is explained rather than silent.
+        if (val === null) {
+            showFlash(DUST_THRESHOLD_MESSAGE);
+        } else {
             state.dustThresholdGwei = val;
             await saveState();
         }

src/popup/views/showPhrase.js

@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ async function reveal() {
         if (!isCurrentReveal(generation)) return;
         // Deliberately not the caught error: the message is fixed so that
         // nothing derived from the ciphertext or the attempt can surface.
-        fail("That password is not correct. Please try again.");
+        fail("That password is incorrect. Please try again.");
     } finally {
         btn.disabled = false;
         btn.classList.remove("text-muted");

src/popup/views/txStatus.js

@@ -16,11 +16,36 @@ const { state, saveState, currentNetwork } = require("../../shared/state");
 const { getProvider } = require("../../shared/balances");
 const { log } = require("../../shared/log");
 
+// Receipt poll cadence and the deadline after which the wait is reported as
+// a timeout. Both are documented in the WaitTx section of README.md.
+const POLL_INTERVAL_MS = 10000;
+const TIMEOUT_MS = 60000;
+
+// How many receipt lookups may fail in a row before the wait is ended and
+// the failure reported. A lookup that throws says nothing about the
+// transaction, so one must not end the wait — but an RPC that never answers
+// (a mistyped URL in settings is the ordinary case) must not leave the wait
+// running forever either, least of all a persisted one that every popup
+// open would resume. Six is 60 seconds at the poll cadence: the same
+// patience the confirmation deadline gets. Any lookup that answers, with a
+// receipt or with null, resets the count.
+const MAX_CONSECUTIVE_LOOKUP_FAILURES = 6;
+
 let ctx;
 let elapsedTimer = null;
 let pollTimer = null;
 
-function clearTimers() {
+// Identifies the wait currently on screen. Bumped by endWait(), so a timer
+// callback or an in-flight receipt lookup that outlives its wait can tell
+// that it is stale and leave the current view alone. Without it, a receipt
+// resolving after the wait has ended renders over whatever view replaced it.
+let waitId = 0;
+
+// End the wait on screen: stop its timers and invalidate its pending async
+// work. Called on receipt, on timeout, when a new wait starts, and when the
+// user navigates away.
+function endWait() {
+    waitId++;
     if (elapsedTimer) {
         clearInterval(elapsedTimer);
         elapsedTimer = null;
@@ -47,8 +72,13 @@ function blockNumberHtml(blockNumber) {
     return copyableHtml(num) + etherscanLinkHtml(link);
 }
 
-function showWait(txInfo, txHash) {
-    clearTimers();
+// Render the wait view and start polling for the receipt. broadcastTime is
+// when the transaction was broadcast, which is what the elapsed counter and
+// the timeout deadline are both measured from; pollNow runs one lookup
+// immediately instead of waiting a full poll interval.
+function startWait(txInfo, txHash, broadcastTime, pollNow) {
+    endWait();
+    const id = waitId;
 
     const symbol = txInfo.token === "ETH" ? "ETH" : txInfo.tokenSymbol || "?";
     $("wait-tx-summary").textContent = txInfo.amount + " " + symbol;
@@ -56,41 +86,130 @@ function showWait(txInfo, txHash) {
     $("wait-tx-hash").innerHTML = txHashHtml(txHash);
     attachCopyHandlers("view-wait-tx");
 
-    const broadcastTime = Date.now();
-    $("wait-tx-status").textContent = "Waiting for confirmation... 0s";
+    // Persisted so closing and reopening the popup resumes this wait
+    // instead of silently abandoning it.
+    state.viewData = {
+        pendingWait: {
+            txInfo: txInfo,
+            hash: txHash,
+            broadcastTime: broadcastTime,
+        },
+    };
 
-    elapsedTimer = setInterval(() => {
+    function renderElapsed() {
         const elapsed = Math.floor((Date.now() - broadcastTime) / 1000);
         $("wait-tx-status").textContent =
             "Waiting for confirmation... " + elapsed + "s";
+    }
+    renderElapsed();
+
+    elapsedTimer = setInterval(() => {
+        if (id !== waitId) return;
+        renderElapsed();
     }, 1000);
 
     const provider = getProvider(state.rpcUrl);
-    pollTimer = setInterval(async () => {
+    let consecutiveFailures = 0;
+
+    async function poll() {
+        if (id !== waitId) return;
+        let receipt = null;
+        let answered = true;
         try {
-            const receipt = await provider.getTransactionReceipt(txHash);
-            if (receipt) {
-                showSuccess(txInfo, txHash, receipt.blockNumber);
-            }
+            receipt = await provider.getTransactionReceipt(txHash);
         } catch (e) {
+            // A thrown lookup means "no answer this tick", not "no
+            // receipt": the RPC failed, the chain said nothing. Declaring
+            // the timeout off it would report a confirmed transaction as
+            // failed — which matters most on a resumed wait, where the
+            // first poll is already past the deadline.
+            answered = false;
             log.errorf("poll receipt failed:", e.message);
         }
-
-        const elapsed = Math.floor((Date.now() - broadcastTime) / 1000);
-        if (elapsed >= 60) {
+        // The lookup is async: the wait may have ended while it was in
+        // flight, in which case this result must not touch the view.
+        if (id !== waitId) return;
+        // Exactly one outcome per wait. A receipt wins even on the tick
+        // that crosses the deadline, because the transaction did confirm.
+        if (receipt) {
+            showSuccess(txInfo, txHash, receipt.blockNumber);
+            return;
+        }
+        if (!answered) {
+            consecutiveFailures++;
+            // The failure is the user's news, and it is a different fact
+            // from "the transaction did not confirm" — the chain was never
+            // asked. Ending the wait here is what keeps it bounded and
+            // gives the user a Done button to leave by.
+            if (consecutiveFailures >= MAX_CONSECUTIVE_LOOKUP_FAILURES) {
+                showError(
+                    txInfo,
+                    txHash,
+                    "The network could not be reached to check this transaction — " +
+                        MAX_CONSECUTIVE_LOOKUP_FAILURES +
+                        " lookups failed in a row. Check the RPC URL in Settings. The transaction may still have confirmed — check Etherscan.",
+                );
+            }
+            // Otherwise keep polling: the next tick may answer.
+            return;
+        }
+        consecutiveFailures = 0;
+        if (Date.now() - broadcastTime >= TIMEOUT_MS) {
             showError(
                 txInfo,
                 txHash,
                 "Transaction was not confirmed within 60 seconds. It may still confirm later \u2014 check Etherscan.",
             );
         }
-    }, 10000);
+    }
+
+    pollTimer = setInterval(poll, POLL_INTERVAL_MS);
 
     showView("wait-tx");
+
+    if (pollNow) poll();
+}
+
+function showWait(txInfo, txHash) {
+    startWait(txInfo, txHash, Date.now(), false);
+}
+
+// Resume a wait persisted by a previous popup session. The deadline still
+// runs from the original broadcast, so a wait that has already outlived it
+// resolves on the immediate first poll rather than restarting the clock.
+// Returns false when there is nothing resumable to resume. Every field
+// startWait() goes on to use is validated, not just the presence of the
+// containers: txInfo.to reaches addressTitle(), which calls
+// address.toLowerCase(), and txInfo.amount is rendered into the summary, so
+// an object merely missing one of them throws a TypeError out of
+// restoreView() — which init() does not guard, skipping the rest of popup
+// init and leaving wait-tx on screen with no back control. A non-numeric
+// broadcastTime leaves an unexitable wait counting "NaNs". txInfo.token and
+// txInfo.tokenSymbol are deliberately unchecked: they are compared and
+// coalesced rather than dereferenced, and tokenSymbol is null for ETH.
+function restoreWait() {
+    const d = state.viewData;
+    if (!d || !d.pendingWait) return false;
+    const w = d.pendingWait;
+    if (!w.hash) return false;
+    // typeof [] is "object", so an array passes an object check.
+    const info = w.txInfo;
+    if (!info || typeof info !== "object" || Array.isArray(info)) return false;
+    // A string is the whole requirement: the empty string is what a
+    // contract-deployment approval persists (approval.js writes `to: toAddr
+    // || ""`), and both fields render harmlessly when empty, so refusing it
+    // would abandon a wait the live path itself created.
+    if (typeof info.to !== "string") return false;
+    if (typeof info.amount !== "string") return false;
+    if (typeof w.broadcastTime !== "number" || !isFinite(w.broadcastTime)) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    startWait(w.txInfo, w.hash, w.broadcastTime, true);
+    return true;
 }
 
 function showSuccess(txInfo, txHash, blockNumber) {
-    clearTimers();
+    endWait();
 
     const symbol = txInfo.token === "ETH" ? "ETH" : txInfo.tokenSymbol || "?";
     state.viewData = {
@@ -182,7 +301,7 @@ function renderSuccess() {
 }
 
 function showError(txInfo, txHash, message) {
-    clearTimers();
+    endWait();
 
     const symbol = txInfo.token === "ETH" ? "ETH" : txInfo.tokenSymbol || "?";
     state.viewData = {
@@ -218,6 +337,9 @@ function isApprovalPopup() {
 }
 
 function navigateBack() {
+    // Nothing should still be polling by now, but leaving a view is the
+    // point at which its timers must be gone.
+    endWait();
     if (isApprovalPopup()) {
         window.close();
         return;
@@ -242,4 +364,12 @@ function init(_ctx) {
     $("btn-error-tx-done").addEventListener("click", navigateBack);
 }
 
-module.exports = { init, showWait, showError, renderSuccess, renderError };
+module.exports = {
+    init,
+    showWait,
+    restoreWait,
+    endWait,
+    showError,
+    renderSuccess,
+    renderError,
+};

src/shared/approvalTx.js

@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+// Preparation of the transaction an approval screen displays.
+//
+// A dApp's eth_sendTransaction normally fixes only `to`, `value` and `data`.
+// The nonce, the gas limit and the fees have to be filled in from the network
+// before anything can be signed, and whoever fills them in decides what the
+// user is shown. That work used to happen in the popup, after the user had
+// already approved: the numbers on the approval screen came from the popup and
+// were compared against nothing, so a compromised popup could display one fee
+// and sign another, and the ceilings in approvalVerify.js were all that stood
+// between the user and a fee that hands the validator the balance.
+//
+// So it happens here instead, in the background, before the approval window is
+// opened. The background populates the transaction, shows that object, and
+// verifies the signed artifact against that same object — the popup is handed
+// a finished transaction and signs it as given. Every field the user reads is
+// then a field that is compared.
+//
+// The cost is an RPC round trip before the approval window exists. Nothing is
+// displayed while it is in flight, and a failure — an unreachable node, a
+// reverting gas estimate, a transaction type this wallet does not sign, a fee
+// past the ceilings — means no approval and no window at all: the error goes
+// back to the requesting page, which is where the user's click came from. That
+// is deliberate. The alternative, opening the window first and populating
+// behind a spinner, needs a pending approval that exists before it can be
+// displayed or signed, and a half-initialised approval is exactly the state
+// the settle interlock in the background exists to keep out of that record.
+// The failure also lands earlier than it used to rather than later: the same
+// estimate previously failed after the user had typed their password.
+
+const {
+    VoidSigner,
+    accessListify,
+    getAddress,
+    getBytes,
+    hexlify,
+    toQuantity,
+} = require("ethers");
+const {
+    ALLOWED_TX_TYPES,
+    SERIALIZED_FIELDS,
+    assertWithinCeilings,
+} = require("./approvalVerify");
+
+// How long the population may take before the request is failed back to the
+// page. Without a bound a hung RPC endpoint leaves the dApp's promise pending
+// forever with nothing on screen to explain it; ethers' own request timeout is
+// minutes long, which is not a wait anyone will sit through.
+const POPULATE_TIMEOUT_MS = 20000;
+
+// The request fields taken from the page. Anything else is dropped rather than
+// passed to ethers: the object is page-controlled, and a future ethers that
+// learns to carry a new transaction field must not start picking one up out of
+// it without this module knowing.
+const REQUEST_FIELDS = [
+    "to",
+    "value",
+    "data",
+    "nonce",
+    "gasLimit",
+    "gasPrice",
+    "maxFeePerGas",
+    "maxPriorityFeePerGas",
+    "chainId",
+    "accessList",
+    "type",
+];
+
+class ApprovalPrepareError extends Error {
+    constructor(message) {
+        super(message);
+        this.name = "ApprovalPrepareError";
+    }
+}
+
+function fail(message) {
+    return new ApprovalPrepareError(message);
+}
+
+function present(v) {
+    return v !== null && v !== undefined && v !== "";
+}
+
+// These strings reach the user through the requesting page, so they are full
+// sentences even when the tail of one came from ethers or from the node.
+function sentence(text) {
+    return /[.!?]$/.test(text) ? text : text + ".";
+}
+
+// Reject a promise that has taken too long, and never leave the timer behind.
+async function withTimeout(promise, ms, message) {
+    let timer = null;
+    try {
+        return await Promise.race([
+            promise,
+            new Promise((_resolve, reject) => {
+                timer = setTimeout(() => reject(fail(message)), ms);
+            }),
+        ]);
+    } finally {
+        if (timer !== null) clearTimeout(timer);
+    }
+}
+
+// The page's request, reduced to the fields this wallet acts on.
+function requestFrom(txParams, from) {
+    const request = { from: getAddress(from) };
+    for (const key of REQUEST_FIELDS) {
+        if (present(txParams[key])) request[key] = txParams[key];
+    }
+    if (
+        present(request.type) &&
+        !ALLOWED_TX_TYPES.includes(Number(request.type))
+    ) {
+        throw fail(
+            "The site asked for a transaction of a type this wallet does not sign.",
+        );
+    }
+    return request;
+}
+
+// Turn a populated transaction into the object that crosses to the popup, is
+// displayed, and is compared with the signed artifact. It carries exactly the
+// fields its type serializes, plus the address it is to be signed by, and
+// every quantity as a hex string: extension messaging is JSON, which has no
+// bigint, and a field that did not survive the trip would be a field the user
+// was shown and nothing compared.
+function serializeApprovedTx(populated, from) {
+    const type = Number(populated.type);
+    if (!ALLOWED_TX_TYPES.includes(type)) {
+        throw fail(
+            "This transaction would have to be sent as a type this wallet does not sign.",
+        );
+    }
+    const approved = { type, from: getAddress(from) };
+    for (const key of SERIALIZED_FIELDS[type]) {
+        if (key === "to") {
+            approved.to = present(populated.to)
+                ? getAddress(populated.to)
+                : null;
+        } else if (key === "data") {
+            approved.data = present(populated.data)
+                ? hexlify(getBytes(populated.data))
+                : "0x";
+        } else if (key === "accessList") {
+            approved.accessList = accessListify(populated.accessList || []);
+        } else if (key === "value") {
+            approved.value = toQuantity(populated.value || 0);
+        } else if (!present(populated[key])) {
+            // Unreachable while populateTransaction() fills every quantity of
+            // the type it produced. If it ever does not, the approval must not
+            // be raised: an unfixed quantity is one the artifact cannot be
+            // checked against.
+            throw fail(
+                "The transaction could not be prepared: the network did not supply a " +
+                    key +
+                    ".",
+            );
+        } else {
+            approved[key] = toQuantity(populated[key]);
+        }
+    }
+    return approved;
+}
+
+// Populate the transaction a site asked for, as the address it will be signed
+// by, and return the object to display, sign and verify against. Throws with a
+// full sentence when no approval can be raised.
+async function prepareApprovalTx(provider, from, txParams) {
+    if (!present(from)) {
+        throw fail("There is no active address to send this transaction from.");
+    }
+    const request = requestFrom(txParams || {}, from);
+
+    let populated;
+    try {
+        // The sequence ethers' own sendTransaction() runs internally, so the
+        // nonce, gas, fee and chain id are populated exactly as they were when
+        // the popup did this. VoidSigner cannot sign, which is the point: the
+        // background prepares, the popup signs.
+        populated = await withTimeout(
+            new VoidSigner(getAddress(from), provider).populateTransaction(
+                request,
+            ),
+            POPULATE_TIMEOUT_MS,
+            "The transaction could not be prepared: the network did not answer in time.",
+        );
+    } catch (e) {
+        if (e instanceof ApprovalPrepareError) throw e;
+        throw fail(
+            sentence(
+                "The transaction could not be prepared: " +
+                    (e.shortMessage ||
+                        e.message ||
+                        "the network did not answer"),
+            ),
+        );
+    }
+
+    const approved = serializeApprovedTx(populated, from);
+    // The backstop, applied before the user is shown anything rather than
+    // after they have approved it: what is displayed here is what gets signed,
+    // so an RPC node reporting an absurd fee has to be refused here.
+    assertWithinCeilings(approved);
+    return approved;
+}
+
+module.exports = {
+    prepareApprovalTx,
+    serializeApprovedTx,
+    ApprovalPrepareError,
+    POPULATE_TIMEOUT_MS,
+    REQUEST_FIELDS,
+};

src/shared/approvalVerify.js

@@ -7,6 +7,13 @@
 // the signer from the artifact and checks it against the approval it is
 // holding before acting on it. All recovery is delegated to ethers.
 //
+// What the artifact is checked against is the transaction the background
+// populated and the popup displayed (see approvalTx.js), not the request the
+// dApp made. The two differ in every field a dApp normally leaves out — nonce,
+// gas limit, fees — and those are the fields the user reads off the approval
+// screen, so comparing against the request would leave the numbers on screen
+// vouched for by nothing.
+//
 // The check is an allowlist, in both directions, because a denylist cannot be
 // correct against a transaction format that keeps gaining fields:
 //
@@ -31,14 +38,12 @@
 // never a warning: what the user approved is what gets broadcast, or nothing
 // does.
 //
-// Fields the approval does not carry are not treated as zero. The popup
-// populates nonce, gas limit, fee and chain id through populateTransaction()
-// when the requesting page did not fix them, so there is no approved value to
-// compare against; treating absent as zero would refuse every legitimate
-// transaction. Those fields are instead held to the absolute ceilings below,
-// and the chain id is always checked against the selected network rather than
-// against the approval alone, which is what makes a cross-chain replay
-// impossible.
+// The approved transaction is required to fix every field its type serializes,
+// so there is no "the approval did not say" branch to fall through: a quantity
+// the approval does not carry is a refusal, because an artifact that cannot be
+// compared with what was displayed has not been checked. The chain id is
+// checked against the selected network as well as against the approval, which
+// is what makes a cross-chain replay impossible.
 //
 // Every failure message is a full sentence, because these strings are shown to
 // the user and returned to the dApp.
@@ -113,6 +118,17 @@ const FORBIDDEN_FIELDS = [
     },
 ];
 
+// Absolute ceilings — a BACKSTOP, not the primary control.
+//
+// The primary control is equality: every field of the artifact is compared
+// with the populated transaction the user was shown, so nothing the popup
+// signs can differ from the screen. What equality cannot bound is the
+// populated transaction itself, which is built from what the configured RPC
+// node answered — a node that reports an absurd fee gets that fee displayed,
+// and a user who does not read the fee line would approve it. These ceilings
+// bound that, and they are therefore applied where the transaction is
+// populated (approvalTx.js) as well as here.
+//
 // Above the block gas limit of every supported network (see networks.js), so
 // no transaction that could ever be included is refused by it.
 const MAX_GAS_LIMIT = 100000000n;
@@ -224,40 +240,151 @@ function normalizeData(v) {
     return String(v).toLowerCase();
 }
 
-// Quantity fields the requesting page may fix in the approval. Each is
-// compared exactly when the approval carries it, and left to the ceilings
-// above when it does not.
-const APPROVED_QUANTITIES = [
-    {
-        key: "nonce",
+// How each field of an approved transaction is compared with the artifact.
+// There is an entry here for every field any allowed type serializes — a test
+// pins that against SERIALIZED_FIELDS — so the comparison loop covers the
+// whole of what gets signed and cannot silently skip a field for want of a
+// comparator.
+//
+// `kind` decides how the two sides are made comparable. A `quantity` must be
+// fixed by the approval: it is one of the numbers on the approval screen, and
+// an absent one means the artifact cannot be checked against what was
+// displayed. `to`, `value`, `data` and `accessList` have canonical absent
+// forms — contract creation, zero, "0x" and the empty list — so they are
+// normalized on both sides instead.
+const APPROVED_FIELDS = {
+    chainId: {
+        kind: "quantity",
+        label: "network",
+        message:
+            "The signed transaction is for a different network than the one that was approved.",
+    },
+    nonce: {
+        kind: "quantity",
         label: "nonce",
         message: "The signed transaction does not carry the approved nonce.",
     },
-    {
-        key: "gasLimit",
+    gasLimit: {
+        kind: "quantity",
         label: "gas limit",
         message:
             "The signed transaction does not carry the approved gas limit.",
     },
-    {
-        key: "gasPrice",
+    gasPrice: {
+        kind: "quantity",
         label: "gas price",
         message:
             "The signed transaction does not carry the approved gas price.",
     },
-    {
-        key: "maxFeePerGas",
+    maxFeePerGas: {
+        kind: "quantity",
         label: "maximum fee per gas",
         message:
             "The signed transaction does not carry the approved maximum fee per gas.",
     },
-    {
-        key: "maxPriorityFeePerGas",
+    maxPriorityFeePerGas: {
+        kind: "quantity",
         label: "maximum priority fee per gas",
         message:
             "The signed transaction does not carry the approved maximum priority fee per gas.",
     },
-];
+    to: {
+        kind: "address",
+        label: "recipient",
+        message:
+            "The signed transaction does not go to the approved recipient.",
+    },
+    value: {
+        kind: "value",
+        label: "value",
+        message: "The signed transaction does not carry the approved value.",
+    },
+    data: {
+        kind: "data",
+        label: "call data",
+        message:
+            "The signed transaction does not carry the approved call data.",
+    },
+    accessList: {
+        kind: "accessList",
+        label: "access list",
+        message:
+            "The signed transaction does not carry the approved access list.",
+    },
+};
+
+// Compare one field of the artifact with the approved transaction. A field
+// with no entry in the table above is refused rather than skipped: the loop
+// below runs over the fields the type serializes, so an unmatched key means
+// something that gets signed has no comparator at all.
+function assertFieldMatches(key, parsed, approvedTx) {
+    const field = APPROVED_FIELDS[key];
+    if (!field) {
+        throw refuse(
+            "The signed transaction carries a field this wallet cannot compare with the approval.",
+        );
+    }
+    switch (field.kind) {
+        case "quantity": {
+            if (!present(approvedTx[key])) {
+                throw refuse(
+                    "The approved transaction fixes no " +
+                        field.label +
+                        ", so the signed transaction cannot be checked" +
+                        " against what was shown.",
+                );
+            }
+            const approved = normalizeQuantity(approvedTx[key], field.label);
+            if (normalizeQuantity(parsed[key], field.label) !== approved) {
+                throw refuse(field.message);
+            }
+            return;
+        }
+        case "address":
+            if (!sameAddress(parsed[key], approvedTx[key])) {
+                throw refuse(field.message);
+            }
+            return;
+        case "value":
+            if (normalizeValue(parsed[key]) !== normalizeValue(approvedTx[key]))
+                throw refuse(field.message);
+            return;
+        case "data":
+            if (normalizeData(parsed[key]) !== normalizeData(approvedTx[key]))
+                throw refuse(field.message);
+            return;
+        default:
+            if (
+                normalizeAccessList(parsed[key]) !==
+                normalizeAccessList(approvedTx[key])
+            ) {
+                throw refuse(field.message);
+            }
+    }
+}
+
+// The ceilings, applied to a transaction that is either about to be displayed
+// or about to be broadcast. See MAX_GAS_LIMIT above for what they are for:
+// they bound what the RPC node can talk this wallet into showing the user,
+// which is the one thing comparing the artifact with the screen cannot do.
+function assertWithinCeilings(tx) {
+    if (
+        present(tx.gasLimit) &&
+        normalizeQuantity(tx.gasLimit, "gas limit") > MAX_GAS_LIMIT
+    ) {
+        throw refuse(
+            "The signed transaction sets a gas limit no network this wallet supports can accept.",
+        );
+    }
+    for (const key of ["gasPrice", "maxFeePerGas", "maxPriorityFeePerGas"]) {
+        if (!present(tx[key])) continue;
+        if (normalizeQuantity(tx[key], "fee per gas") > MAX_FEE_PER_GAS) {
+            throw refuse(
+                "The signed transaction sets a fee per gas far above any plausible value.",
+            );
+        }
+    }
+}
 
 // Refuse a field only a transaction type this wallet does not sign can carry.
 // The type allowlist keeps these unreachable in production, which is exactly
@@ -317,10 +444,28 @@ function assertCanonicalBytes(parsed, rawSignedTx) {
 // signed by the address the approval was raised for, on the network that is
 // selected. Returns the parsed ethers Transaction on success, throws
 // otherwise.
-function verifySignedTx(rawSignedTx, txParams, expectedFrom, selectedChainId) {
+//
+// `approvedTx` is the populated transaction the approval screen displayed, and
+// `expectedFrom` is the address that was active when the approval was raised —
+// not whichever address is active now. An address switch between approval and
+// signing therefore refuses here rather than producing a transaction from an
+// account the approval did not name.
+function verifySignedTx(
+    rawSignedTx,
+    approvedTx,
+    expectedFrom,
+    selectedChainId,
+) {
     if (typeof rawSignedTx !== "string" || !rawSignedTx.startsWith("0x")) {
         throw refuse("The signed transaction is missing or malformed.");
     }
+    // Nothing to compare against is a refusal like any other: an approval that
+    // does not carry the transaction it displayed cannot vouch for one.
+    if (!approvedTx || typeof approvedTx !== "object") {
+        throw refuse(
+            "There is no approved transaction to check the signed transaction against.",
+        );
+    }
 
     let parsed;
     try {
@@ -360,46 +505,15 @@ function verifySignedTx(rawSignedTx, txParams, expectedFrom, selectedChainId) {
             "The signed transaction is for a different network than the one that is selected.",
         );
     }
-    if (
-        present(txParams.chainId) &&
-        parsed.chainId !== normalizeQuantity(txParams.chainId, "network")
-    ) {
-        throw refuse(
-            "The signed transaction is for a different network than the one that was approved.",
-        );
-    }
 
-    if (!sameAddress(parsed.to, txParams.to)) {
-        throw refuse(
-            "The signed transaction does not go to the approved recipient.",
-        );
-    }
-    if (normalizeValue(parsed.value) !== normalizeValue(txParams.value)) {
-        throw refuse(
-            "The signed transaction does not carry the approved value.",
-        );
-    }
-    if (normalizeData(parsed.data) !== normalizeData(txParams.data)) {
-        throw refuse(
-            "The signed transaction does not carry the approved call data.",
-        );
-    }
-    if (
-        normalizeAccessList(parsed.accessList) !==
-        normalizeAccessList(txParams.accessList)
-    ) {
-        throw refuse(
-            "The signed transaction does not carry the approved access list.",
-        );
-    }
-
-    // An approval that fixed EIP-1559 fees must not be signed as a legacy
-    // transaction, and vice versa: the fee the user agreed to is only
-    // meaningful under the mechanism it was quoted in.
+    // The approved fee mechanism, named before the type comparison below
+    // subsumes it: the fee the user agreed to is only meaningful under the
+    // mechanism it was quoted in, and saying so is more use than "a different
+    // transaction type".
     const approvedEip1559 =
-        present(txParams.maxFeePerGas) ||
-        present(txParams.maxPriorityFeePerGas);
-    const approvedLegacy = present(txParams.gasPrice);
+        present(approvedTx.maxFeePerGas) ||
+        present(approvedTx.maxPriorityFeePerGas);
+    const approvedLegacy = present(approvedTx.gasPrice);
     const signedEip1559 = parsed.type === 2;
     if (
         (approvedEip1559 && !signedEip1559) ||
@@ -410,28 +524,33 @@ function verifySignedTx(rawSignedTx, txParams, expectedFrom, selectedChainId) {
         );
     }
 
-    for (const field of APPROVED_QUANTITIES) {
-        if (!present(txParams[field.key])) continue;
-        const approved = normalizeQuantity(txParams[field.key], field.label);
-        if (normalizeQuantity(parsed[field.key], field.label) !== approved) {
-            throw refuse(field.message);
+    // The type decides which fields are compared, so it is compared first and
+    // against the approval, not merely checked for membership of the
+    // allowlist above.
+    if (!present(approvedTx.type)) {
+        throw refuse(
+            "The approved transaction fixes no transaction type, so the signed transaction cannot be checked against what was shown.",
+        );
     }
+    if (
+        BigInt(parsed.type) !==
+        normalizeQuantity(approvedTx.type, "transaction type")
+    ) {
+        throw refuse(
+            "The signed transaction does not use the approved transaction type.",
+        );
     }
 
-    if (parsed.gasLimit > MAX_GAS_LIMIT) {
-        throw refuse(
-            "The signed transaction sets a gas limit no network this wallet supports can accept.",
-        );
-    }
-    for (const key of ["gasPrice", "maxFeePerGas", "maxPriorityFeePerGas"]) {
-        const fee = parsed[key];
-        if (fee !== null && fee !== undefined && fee > MAX_FEE_PER_GAS) {
-            throw refuse(
-                "The signed transaction sets a fee per gas far above any plausible value.",
-            );
-        }
+    // Every field this type serializes, compared with the transaction the user
+    // was shown. Driving the loop off SERIALIZED_FIELDS is what keeps this
+    // exhaustive: the same table decides what assertNothingUnchecked() rebuilds
+    // from, so a field that gets signed and is not compared here cannot exist.
+    for (const key of SERIALIZED_FIELDS[parsed.type]) {
+        assertFieldMatches(key, parsed, approvedTx);
     }
 
+    assertWithinCeilings(parsed);
+
     assertNothingUnchecked(parsed);
     assertCanonicalBytes(parsed, rawSignedTx);
 
@@ -504,10 +623,10 @@ function errorText(err) {
 //    approval. Anything else failed before the check ran and is retryable.
 //  - broadcast: always terminal. A broadcast that throws after the node
 //    accepted the transaction is routine (a timeout, a dropped response, a
-//    node answering "already known"), and the popup's retry does not
-//    re-broadcast these bytes — it re-runs populateTransaction() and signs
-//    again at a freshly fetched pending-tag nonce. Retrying would therefore
-//    put a second transaction on the chain for one approval.
+//    node answering "already known"), so the wallet cannot tell a transaction
+//    that never left from one that is already in the mempool. The approval is
+//    spent and the requesting page has been given its outcome; a second
+//    attempt against it would report a second outcome for one request.
 function describeTxFailure(stage, err) {
     const error = errorText(err);
     const retryable =
@@ -553,6 +672,7 @@ module.exports = {
     assertNoForbiddenFields,
     assertNothingUnchecked,
     assertCanonicalBytes,
+    assertWithinCeilings,
     sameAddress,
     failureIsRetryable,
     describeTxFailure,
@@ -561,6 +681,7 @@ module.exports = {
     ALLOWED_TX_TYPES,
     SERIALIZED_FIELDS,
     FORBIDDEN_FIELDS,
+    APPROVED_FIELDS,
     TX_STAGE_SIGN,
     TX_STAGE_VERIFY,
     TX_STAGE_BROADCAST,

src/shared/balances.js

@@ -11,8 +11,9 @@ const {
 const { ERC20_ABI } = require("./constants");
 const { log, debugFetch } = require("./log");
 const { deriveAddressFromXpub } = require("./wallet");
-const { KNOWN_SYMBOLS, TOKEN_BY_ADDRESS } = require("./tokenList");
+const { TOKEN_BY_ADDRESS } = require("./tokenList");
 const { LOW_HOLDER_THRESHOLD, parseHoldersCount } = require("./holders");
+const { isSpoofedSymbol } = require("./symbolSpoof");
 
 // Use a static network to skip auto-detection (which can fail and cause
 // "could not coalesce error" on some RPC endpoints like Cloudflare).
@@ -65,7 +66,12 @@ async function fetchTokenBalances(address, blockscoutUrl, trackedTokens) {
 
         const balances = [];
         for (const item of items) {
-            if (item.token?.type !== "ERC-20") continue;
+            // Case-insensitive: the token type is an explorer's label, not a
+            // protocol value, and an exact comparison silently drops a real
+            // holding if one ever writes "erc-20".  Which types are admitted
+            // is unchanged.
+            const type = String(item.token?.type || "").toUpperCase();
+            if (type !== "ERC-20") continue;
             const decimals = parseInt(item.token.decimals || "18", 10);
             const bal = formatTokenBalance(item.value || "0", decimals);
             if (bal === "0.0") continue;
@@ -89,15 +95,11 @@ async function fetchTokenBalances(address, blockscoutUrl, trackedTokens) {
             // Skip spam tokens the user never asked to see
             if (!isKnown && !isTracked && !hasEnoughHolders) continue;
 
-            // Skip tokens spoofing a known symbol from a different address
-            const sym = (item.token.symbol || "").toUpperCase();
-            const legitAddr = KNOWN_SYMBOLS.get(sym);
-            if (
-                legitAddr !== undefined &&
-                legitAddr !== null &&
-                tokenAddr !== legitAddr
-            )
-                continue;
+            // Skip tokens spoofing a known symbol from a different address.
+            // Every row here is an ERC-20 the explorer reported, so it has a
+            // contract address; the native ETH balance is fetched over RPC in
+            // refreshBalances and never passes through this loop.
+            if (isSpoofedSymbol(item.token.symbol, tokenAddr)) continue;
 
             balances.push({
                 address: item.token.address_hash,

src/shared/state.js

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 
 const { DEFAULT_RPC_URL, DEFAULT_BLOCKSCOUT_URL } = require("./constants");
 const { networkById } = require("./networks");
+// Dependency-free constant module; safe to pull into a background bundle.
+const { RESTORABLE_VIEWS } = require("../popup/restorableViews");
 
 const storageApi =
     typeof browser !== "undefined"
@@ -43,6 +45,39 @@ const state = {
     viewStack: [],
 };
 
+// Keep only the leading run of stored views the popup is willing to render.
+//
+// restoreView() refuses to reopen ONTO a non-restorable view, but the stack
+// behind it used to be restored verbatim, so Back could walk onto a screen
+// whose content is deliberately never re-rendered — and "show-phrase" has no
+// Back control to leave by. Truncating at the first such entry instead of
+// splicing it out keeps the result a prefix of the stored stack, so every
+// surviving entry's Back target is exactly the one it had; splicing would
+// silently re-point the entry above the hole at a different screen.
+//
+// Filtering happens here on load rather than in saveState(): the live
+// in-session stack is legitimate (the screen really is rendered while the
+// popup is open), and only a load-side filter also repairs the stacks
+// already in storage, including ones written before a view left the set.
+function restorableStack(stored, currentView) {
+    // A stored stack that is missing or not an array keeps nothing, but it
+    // still goes through the never-empty rule below rather than returning
+    // early: otherwise a corrupt stack would depend on exactly the goBack()
+    // fallback that the explicit ["main"] exists in order not to depend on.
+    const source = Array.isArray(stored) ? stored : [];
+    const cut = source.findIndex((view) => !RESTORABLE_VIEWS.has(view));
+    const kept = cut === -1 ? source.slice() : source.slice(0, cut);
+    // A view restored below the root still needs somewhere for Back to go.
+    if (
+        kept.length === 0 &&
+        currentView !== "main" &&
+        RESTORABLE_VIEWS.has(currentView)
+    ) {
+        return ["main"];
+    }
+    return kept;
+}
+
 // Return the network configuration for the currently selected network.
 function currentNetwork() {
     return networkById(state.networkId);
@@ -150,7 +185,7 @@ async function loadState() {
             saved.selectedAddress !== undefined ? saved.selectedAddress : null;
         state.selectedToken = saved.selectedToken || null;
         state.viewData = saved.viewData || {};
-        state.viewStack = Array.isArray(saved.viewStack) ? saved.viewStack : [];
+        state.viewStack = restorableStack(saved.viewStack, state.currentView);
     }
 }
 

src/shared/symbolSpoof.js

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+// The known-symbol spoof rule, in one place.
+//
+// A token that borrows a known symbol from a contract that is not the one
+// that symbol belongs to is a spoof, and the wallet hides it.  Three surfaces
+// ask that question — the transaction history, the Send token selector and
+// the balance list — and they must answer it identically: a token the history
+// calls fake while the balance list lists it as a holding is worse than
+// either verdict alone, because the balance list is where the user forms
+// their belief about what they own (issue #235).
+//
+// KNOWN_SYMBOLS maps a symbol to the set of lowercased contract addresses
+// that may bear it, or to null.  Null means the symbol belongs to the native
+// asset, which has no contract at all, so no contract may bear it and every
+// one that does is a spoof.  "ETH" is the only such entry today; the rule is
+// written so that a second one needs no change here or at any call site.
+//
+// The value is a set because a ticker is not unique: seven symbols in the
+// bundled list belong to two real contracts each, and answering with one of
+// them hid the other one's holders' money (issue #276).  Membership, not
+// equality, is therefore the question — but it is the same question, asked of
+// a table that can now state the truth.  Every address in a set is one the
+// wallet ships as a real token; a contract outside the set is still a spoof.
+//
+// The symbol is attacker-controlled — it is whatever the ERC-20 contract
+// returns — so the lookup is done on a normalized form (issue #260): the
+// question is whether the symbol reaches the user's eye as a known one,
+// since that is what the user acts on.
+
+const { KNOWN_SYMBOLS } = require("./tokenList");
+
+// Ethereum addresses are case-insensitive: EIP-55 mixed case is a checksum
+// over the address, not part of its identity.
+function normalizeAddress(addr) {
+    return (addr || "").toLowerCase();
+}
+
+// Fold a symbol onto what a user actually sees, and no further:
+//
+//   NFKC        collapses compatibility variants that render as the ASCII
+//               letters they imitate — fullwidth ETH, styled mathematical
+//               letters — and maps the non-ASCII spaces onto U+0020.
+//   strip       drops what paints nothing: \p{Cf} plus
+//               \p{Default_Ignorable_Code_Point} plus U+007F.  That covers
+//               the format characters (zero-width space, joiner and
+//               non-joiner, word joiner, soft hyphen, byte-order mark, bidi
+//               marks and overrides), the variation selectors, the Hangul
+//               fillers, and DELETE.  Removed everywhere, not merely at the
+//               ends.
+//   trim        removes surrounding whitespace, which HTML collapses:
+//               `" ETH "` is painted next to the user's real ETH as `ETH`.
+//   toUpperCase makes the comparison case-insensitive, as before.
+//
+// The rule is "strip what paints nothing".  The Unicode classes are how
+// that is spelled, not what it means, which is why U+007F is named on its
+// own: it is a control rather than a default-ignorable character, so no
+// class here reaches it, yet it paints nothing all the same.  Measured in
+// the repo's pinned e2e Chromium (16px sans-serif, plain `ETH` = 32.00px,
+// so an invisible prefix leaves 32.00px):
+//
+//   U+007F, U+3164, U+115F, U+FE0F, U+FE00   32.00px — invisible
+//   U+FFA0                                   40.00px — a box
+//   U+1160                                   48.00px — a box
+//   U+0001, U+0085, U+0090                   48.00px — a box
+//
+// U+1160 and U+FFA0 are `Default_Ignorable_Code_Point` members that font
+// fallback nonetheless draws, and they are stripped anyway: erring toward
+// hiding a token that does not look like `ETH` is the harmless direction of
+// the two.  The other controls are left alone for the same reason read the
+// other way — a symbol carrying a visible box does not reach the eye as
+// `ETH`, so filtering it would hide a token the user could not have
+// confused with the native asset.
+//
+// Deliberately not folded, and asserted as open in tests/symbolSpoof.test.js:
+// interior whitespace (`E T H` renders as `E T H`, so folding it would filter
+// a token nobody could confuse with the native asset), confusables that are
+// distinct letters rather than compatibility variants (Cyrillic capital Ie,
+// U+0415; Greek capital Epsilon, U+0395), bidi reordering, which needs the
+// bidi algorithm rather than a character filter, and the visible controls.
+//
+// This decides only how the question is asked.  Nothing here changes what a
+// surface displays; a token still shows the symbol it reports.
+function normalizeSymbol(symbol) {
+    return String(symbol || "")
+        .normalize("NFKC")
+        .replace(/[\p{Cf}\p{Default_Ignorable_Code_Point}\x7F]/gu, "")
+        .trim()
+        .toUpperCase();
+}
+
+// True when a token bearing `symbol` from contract `contractAddress` is
+// impersonating a known symbol.
+//
+// An empty contract address is the native asset, which is never a spoof:
+// this is what keeps the user's real ETH out of the rule, and it holds for
+// any symbol that becomes null-mapped later, not just for ETH.
+function isSpoofedSymbol(symbol, contractAddress) {
+    const contract = normalizeAddress(contractAddress);
+    if (!contract) return false;
+    const sym = normalizeSymbol(symbol);
+    if (!KNOWN_SYMBOLS.has(sym)) return false;
+    const legit = KNOWN_SYMBOLS.get(sym);
+    if (legit === null) return true;
+    return !legit.has(contract);
+}
+
+module.exports = {
+    isSpoofedSymbol,
+};

src/shared/tokenList.js

@@ -3607,14 +3607,33 @@ for (const t of TOKENS) {
     TOKEN_BY_ADDRESS.set(t.address.toLowerCase(), t);
 }
 
-// Build a map of symbol (uppercased) -> legitimate contract address (lowercased).
-// Used for spoofed-symbol detection. "ETH" maps to null (native token).
+// Build a map of symbol (uppercased) -> the set of contract addresses
+// (lowercased) that legitimately bear it.  Used for spoofed-symbol detection.
+// "ETH" maps to null: the native asset has no contract, so no contract may
+// bear its symbol.
+//
+// The value is a set and not a single address because tickers are not unique
+// and the list above proves it: seven of these 512 tokens share a symbol with
+// another entry — FRAX, REUSD, TON, EURE, MSUSD, MUSD and JPYC — at two
+// different real contracts each, all of them from the same source fetch.  A
+// one-address-per-symbol table can only answer that by picking a winner, and
+// the loser is then a token in our own bundled list that the spoof filter
+// hides from the balance list, the history and the send selector at its own
+// address, so the user cannot spend it (issue #276).  Naming every address
+// that bears the symbol is the only shape that says what is true; it does not
+// loosen the rule, because a contract outside the set is still a spoof.
 const KNOWN_SYMBOLS = new Map();
 KNOWN_SYMBOLS.set("ETH", null);
 for (const t of TOKENS) {
     const upper = t.symbol.toUpperCase();
     if (!KNOWN_SYMBOLS.has(upper)) {
-        KNOWN_SYMBOLS.set(upper, t.address.toLowerCase());
+        KNOWN_SYMBOLS.set(upper, new Set());
+    }
+    const addresses = KNOWN_SYMBOLS.get(upper);
+    // A null entry is the native asset and stays null: an ERC-20 that reports
+    // the native symbol does not thereby become entitled to it.
+    if (addresses !== null) {
+        addresses.add(t.address.toLowerCase());
     }
 }
 

src/shared/transactions.js

@@ -8,8 +8,9 @@
 
 const { formatEther, formatUnits } = require("ethers");
 const { log, debugFetch } = require("./log");
-const { KNOWN_SYMBOLS, TOKEN_BY_ADDRESS } = require("./tokenList");
+const { TOKEN_BY_ADDRESS } = require("./tokenList");
 const { parseHoldersCount, isLowHolderCount } = require("./holders");
+const { isSpoofedSymbol } = require("./symbolSpoof");
 
 // Ethereum addresses are case-insensitive: EIP-55 mixed case is a checksum
 // over the address, not part of its identity.  Every address comparison in
@@ -245,18 +246,6 @@ async function fetchRecentTransactions(address, blockscoutUrl, count = 25) {
     return result;
 }
 
-// Check if a token transfer is spoofing a known symbol.
-// Returns true if the symbol matches a known token but the contract
-// address doesn't match the legitimate one.
-function isSpoofedSymbol(tx) {
-    if (!tx.contractAddress) return false;
-    const symbol = (tx.symbol || "").toUpperCase();
-    if (!KNOWN_SYMBOLS.has(symbol)) return false;
-    const legit = KNOWN_SYMBOLS.get(symbol);
-    if (legit === null) return true; // "ETH" as ERC-20 is always fake
-    return normalizeAddress(tx.contractAddress) !== normalizeAddress(legit);
-}
-
 // Pure filter function. Takes raw transactions and filter settings,
 // returns { transactions, newFraudContracts }.
 function filterTransactions(txs, filters = {}) {
@@ -283,7 +272,7 @@ function filterTransactions(txs, filters = {}) {
         const contract = normalizeAddress(tx.contractAddress);
 
         // Filter spoofed known symbols and record the fraud contract
-        if (hideSpoofed && isSpoofedSymbol(tx)) {
+        if (hideSpoofed && isSpoofedSymbol(tx.symbol, tx.contractAddress)) {
             if (contract && !fraudSet.has(contract)) {
                 fraudSet.add(contract);
                 newFraud.push(contract);

src/shared/walletDelete.js

@@ -1,5 +1,22 @@
-// Wallet deletion state transition, kept out of the view so the selection
-// and broadcast rules are testable without a DOM.
+// Wallet and address deletion state transitions, kept out of the views so the
+// selection and broadcast rules are testable without a DOM.
+
+// Two records of the same address can be stored in different cases, so
+// address equality is never a literal string comparison.
+function sameAddress(a, b) {
+    if (a === null || a === undefined || b === null || b === undefined) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    return String(a).toLowerCase() === String(b).toLowerCase();
+}
+
+// Forget every site permission held against the given addresses.
+function dropSitePermissions(state, addresses) {
+    for (const addr of addresses) {
+        delete state.allowedSites[addr];
+        delete state.deniedSites[addr];
+    }
+}
 
 // Remove wallet `walletIdx` from `state` and repair the derived state.
 //
@@ -18,19 +35,13 @@ function removeWalletFromState(state, walletIdx) {
     const wallet = state.wallets[walletIdx];
     const addresses = (wallet.addresses || []).map((a) => a.address);
     const previousActive = state.activeAddress;
-    const activeWasDeleted =
-        previousActive !== null &&
-        previousActive !== undefined &&
-        addresses.some(
-            (a) => a.toLowerCase() === String(previousActive).toLowerCase(),
+    const activeWasDeleted = addresses.some((a) =>
+        sameAddress(a, previousActive),
     );
 
     state.wallets.splice(walletIdx, 1);
 
-    for (const addr of addresses) {
-        delete state.allowedSites[addr];
-        delete state.deniedSites[addr];
-    }
+    dropSitePermissions(state, addresses);
 
     state.hasWallet = state.wallets.length > 0;
 
@@ -58,6 +69,77 @@ function removeWalletFromState(state, walletIdx) {
     return { activeAddressChanged: state.activeAddress !== previousActive };
 }
 
+// Whether a wallet may be offered a per-address remove control, and the same
+// gate the removal itself is held behind.
+//
+// Only a wallet that derives its addresses from an extended key can hold more
+// than one, so only those get the control — a key wallet has exactly one
+// address and no "+" button either. The last address of any wallet is never
+// removable: a wallet with no addresses is what delete-wallet is for.
+function canRemoveAddress(wallet) {
+    if (!wallet) return false;
+    if (wallet.type !== "hd" && wallet.type !== "xprv") return false;
+    return (wallet.addresses || []).length > 1;
+}
+
+// Remove address `addrIdx` of wallet `walletIdx` and repair the derived state.
+//
+// Nothing is destroyed here. The address stays derivable from the wallet's own
+// key material and any funds at it are untouched; this only stops the wallet
+// tracking it. `nextIndex` is deliberately left alone — it is a derivation
+// high-water mark, so "+" derives a fresh index rather than handing back the
+// address just removed, and the gap it leaves is within what
+// `scanForAddresses()` re-discovers on a later import.
+//
+// The rules mirror removeWalletFromState() one level down:
+//   - The call is refused unless canRemoveAddress() allows it, so the last
+//     address of a wallet always survives.
+//   - Site permissions are dropped for the removed address.
+//   - `selectedAddress` follows the splice, but only within the wallet that
+//     lost the address: it is decremented when an earlier address was
+//     removed, and falls back to that wallet's first address when the
+//     selection itself was removed. `selectedWallet` never moves, because the
+//     wallet list does not.
+//   - `activeAddress` moves only when it was the removed address, and then to
+//     the wallet's first remaining address.
+//
+// Returns whether the address was removed and whether `activeAddress`
+// changed, so the caller can broadcast it.
+function removeAddressFromState(state, walletIdx, addrIdx) {
+    const wallet = state.wallets[walletIdx];
+    const refused = { removed: false, activeAddressChanged: false };
+    if (!canRemoveAddress(wallet)) return refused;
+    if (!wallet.addresses[addrIdx]) return refused;
+
+    const address = wallet.addresses[addrIdx].address;
+    const previousActive = state.activeAddress;
+    const activeWasRemoved = sameAddress(address, previousActive);
+
+    wallet.addresses.splice(addrIdx, 1);
+
+    dropSitePermissions(state, [address]);
+
+    if (state.selectedWallet === walletIdx) {
+        if (state.selectedAddress === addrIdx) {
+            state.selectedAddress = 0;
+        } else if (
+            typeof state.selectedAddress === "number" &&
+            state.selectedAddress > addrIdx
+        ) {
+            state.selectedAddress -= 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (activeWasRemoved) {
+        state.activeAddress = wallet.addresses[0].address;
+    }
+
+    return {
+        removed: true,
+        activeAddressChanged: state.activeAddress !== previousActive,
+    };
+}
+
 // Tell the background the active address changed, so it re-emits
 // accountsChanged to connected sites. Same call shape as the address
 // switch in the home view.
@@ -67,4 +149,9 @@ function broadcastActiveChanged() {
     runtime.sendMessage({ type: "AUTISTMASK_ACTIVE_CHANGED" });
 }
 
-module.exports = { removeWalletFromState, broadcastActiveChanged };
+module.exports = {
+    canRemoveAddress,
+    removeAddressFromState,
+    removeWalletFromState,
+    broadcastActiveChanged,
+};

tests/approvalTx.test.js

@@ -0,0 +1,309 @@
+// Preparation of the transaction the approval screen displays.
+//
+// This is the half of the fix that makes the verification in
+// approvalVerify.test.js mean anything: the numbers the user reads have to be
+// produced before the screen is drawn and be the numbers that get signed. What
+// is asserted here is that the object leaving this module is complete (nothing
+// is left for the popup to fill in), that it survives the messaging boundary
+// (extension messaging is JSON, which has no bigint), and that nothing the
+// requesting page or the RPC node can say turns it into an approval that
+// should never have been raised.
+
+const { Network, Wallet } = require("ethers");
+const {
+    prepareApprovalTx,
+    serializeApprovedTx,
+    POPULATE_TIMEOUT_MS,
+} = require("../src/shared/approvalTx");
+const {
+    SERIALIZED_FIELDS,
+    MAX_FEE_PER_GAS,
+    MAX_GAS_LIMIT,
+} = require("../src/shared/approvalVerify");
+
+const SIGNER_KEY =
+    "0x59c6995e998f97a5a0044966f0945389dc9e86dae88c7a8412f4603b6b78690d";
+const signer = new Wallet(SIGNER_KEY);
+const RECIPIENT = "0x66133E8ea0f5D1d612D2502a968757D1048c214a";
+
+// The ordinary dApp request: recipient, value, call data, and nothing else.
+const TX_PARAMS = {
+    from: signer.address,
+    to: RECIPIENT,
+    value: "0x2386f26fc10000",
+    data: "0xdeadbeef",
+};
+
+function providerWith(overrides) {
+    return {
+        getNetwork: async () => Network.from(1),
+        getTransactionCount: async () => 7,
+        estimateGas: async () => 21000n,
+        getFeeData: async () => ({
+            gasPrice: 2000000000n,
+            maxFeePerGas: 2000000000n,
+            maxPriorityFeePerGas: 1000000000n,
+        }),
+        ...(overrides || {}),
+    };
+}
+
+// A node that only quotes a flat gas price, so populateTransaction produces a
+// legacy transaction rather than an EIP-1559 one.
+const legacyProvider = providerWith({
+    getFeeData: async () => ({
+        gasPrice: 2000000000n,
+        maxFeePerGas: null,
+        maxPriorityFeePerGas: null,
+    }),
+});
+
+describe("prepareApprovalTx", () => {
+    test("fills in everything the request left out", async () => {
+        const approved = await prepareApprovalTx(
+            providerWith(),
+            signer.address,
+            TX_PARAMS,
+        );
+        expect(approved).toEqual({
+            type: 2,
+            from: signer.address,
+            chainId: "0x1",
+            nonce: "0x7",
+            gasLimit: "0x5208",
+            maxPriorityFeePerGas: "0x3b9aca00",
+            maxFeePerGas: "0x77359400",
+            to: RECIPIENT,
+            value: TX_PARAMS.value,
+            data: TX_PARAMS.data,
+            accessList: [],
+        });
+    });
+
+    // The object is displayed, signed and verified against on the far side of
+    // chrome.runtime.sendMessage, which is JSON: a bigint would throw on the
+    // way out and a field that did not survive the trip would be a field the
+    // user was shown and nothing compared.
+    test("survives the messaging boundary unchanged", async () => {
+        const approved = await prepareApprovalTx(
+            providerWith(),
+            signer.address,
+            TX_PARAMS,
+        );
+        expect(JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(approved))).toEqual(approved);
+        for (const value of Object.values(approved)) {
+            expect(typeof value).not.toBe("bigint");
+        }
+    });
+
+    test("carries exactly the fields its type serializes, and the signer", async () => {
+        const approved = await prepareApprovalTx(
+            providerWith(),
+            signer.address,
+            TX_PARAMS,
+        );
+        expect(Object.keys(approved).sort()).toEqual(
+            ["type", "from", ...SERIALIZED_FIELDS[2]].sort(),
+        );
+    });
+
+    test("produces a legacy transaction when that is all the node quotes", async () => {
+        const approved = await prepareApprovalTx(
+            legacyProvider,
+            signer.address,
+            TX_PARAMS,
+        );
+        expect(approved.type).toBe(0);
+        expect(approved.gasPrice).toBe("0x77359400");
+        expect(approved.maxFeePerGas).toBeUndefined();
+        expect(Object.keys(approved).sort()).toEqual(
+            ["type", "from", ...SERIALIZED_FIELDS[0]].sort(),
+        );
+    });
+
+    test("keeps a nonce, gas limit and fee the request did fix", async () => {
+        const approved = await prepareApprovalTx(
+            providerWith(),
+            signer.address,
+            {
+                ...TX_PARAMS,
+                nonce: "0x2",
+                gasLimit: "0x30d40",
+                maxFeePerGas: "0x12a05f200",
+                maxPriorityFeePerGas: "0x3b9aca00",
+            },
+        );
+        expect(approved.nonce).toBe("0x2");
+        expect(approved.gasLimit).toBe("0x30d40");
+        expect(approved.maxFeePerGas).toBe("0x12a05f200");
+    });
+
+    test("carries an access list the request asked for", async () => {
+        const approved = await prepareApprovalTx(
+            providerWith(),
+            signer.address,
+            {
+                ...TX_PARAMS,
+                accessList: [{ address: RECIPIENT, storageKeys: [] }],
+            },
+        );
+        expect(approved.accessList).toEqual([
+            { address: RECIPIENT, storageKeys: [] },
+        ]);
+    });
+
+    // The request is page-controlled. Anything this wallet does not act on is
+    // dropped before ethers sees it, so a field a future ethers learns to
+    // carry cannot be picked up out of it without this module knowing.
+    test("drops request fields this wallet does not act on", async () => {
+        const approved = await prepareApprovalTx(
+            providerWith(),
+            signer.address,
+            {
+                ...TX_PARAMS,
+                authorizationList: [{ address: RECIPIENT }],
+                blobVersionedHashes: ["0x01" + "ab".repeat(31)],
+                customData: { anything: true },
+            },
+        );
+        expect(approved.authorizationList).toBeUndefined();
+        expect(approved.blobVersionedHashes).toBeUndefined();
+        expect(approved.customData).toBeUndefined();
+        expect(approved.type).toBe(2);
+    });
+
+    test("refuses a transaction type this wallet does not sign", async () => {
+        await expect(
+            prepareApprovalTx(providerWith(), signer.address, {
+                ...TX_PARAMS,
+                type: 4,
+            }),
+        ).rejects.toThrow(/type this wallet does not sign/);
+    });
+
+    test("refuses to raise an approval with no active address", async () => {
+        await expect(
+            prepareApprovalTx(providerWith(), null, TX_PARAMS),
+        ).rejects.toThrow(/no active address/);
+    });
+
+    // The ceilings as a backstop: equality with the screen cannot bound what
+    // the node talks the wallet into putting on the screen, so it is refused
+    // before the user is shown anything.
+    test("refuses a fee the node quoted above the ceiling", async () => {
+        const gouging = providerWith({
+            getFeeData: async () => ({
+                gasPrice: MAX_FEE_PER_GAS + 1n,
+                maxFeePerGas: MAX_FEE_PER_GAS + 1n,
+                maxPriorityFeePerGas: 1000000000n,
+            }),
+        });
+        await expect(
+            prepareApprovalTx(gouging, signer.address, TX_PARAMS),
+        ).rejects.toThrow(/fee per gas far above any plausible value/);
+    });
+
+    test("refuses a gas limit the node estimated above the ceiling", async () => {
+        const absurd = providerWith({
+            estimateGas: async () => MAX_GAS_LIMIT + 1n,
+        });
+        await expect(
+            prepareApprovalTx(absurd, signer.address, TX_PARAMS),
+        ).rejects.toThrow(/gas limit no network this wallet supports/);
+    });
+
+    // No approval and no window: the failure goes back to the page the click
+    // came from, in a sentence.
+    test("reports a failed estimate as a full sentence", async () => {
+        const reverting = providerWith({
+            estimateGas: async () => {
+                throw new Error("execution reverted: ERC20: transfer amount");
+            },
+        });
+        let thrown;
+        try {
+            await prepareApprovalTx(reverting, signer.address, TX_PARAMS);
+        } catch (e) {
+            thrown = e;
+        }
+        expect(thrown.message).toMatch(
+            /^The transaction could not be prepared/,
+        );
+        expect(thrown.message).toMatch(/execution reverted/);
+        expect(thrown.message).toMatch(/^[A-Z].*\.$/);
+    });
+
+    // Without a bound, an unreachable node leaves the page's promise pending
+    // with nothing on screen to explain it.
+    test("gives up on a node that never answers", async () => {
+        jest.useFakeTimers();
+        try {
+            const hanging = providerWith({
+                estimateGas: () => new Promise(() => {}),
+            });
+            const pending = prepareApprovalTx(
+                hanging,
+                signer.address,
+                TX_PARAMS,
+            );
+            const settled = expect(pending).rejects.toThrow(
+                /did not answer in time/,
+            );
+            await jest.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(POPULATE_TIMEOUT_MS + 1);
+            await settled;
+        } finally {
+            jest.useRealTimers();
+        }
+    });
+});
+
+describe("serializeApprovedTx", () => {
+    // Unreachable through prepareApprovalTx while the request type is checked
+    // first, which is what it is for: a node or an ethers upgrade that
+    // populates a type this wallet does not sign must not produce an approval.
+    test("refuses a populated transaction of a type this wallet does not sign", () => {
+        expect(() =>
+            serializeApprovedTx(
+                { type: 3, to: RECIPIENT, nonce: 7 },
+                signer.address,
+            ),
+        ).toThrow(/type this wallet does not sign/);
+    });
+
+    test("refuses a populated transaction missing a quantity", () => {
+        expect(() =>
+            serializeApprovedTx(
+                {
+                    type: 2,
+                    chainId: 1n,
+                    nonce: 7,
+                    gasLimit: 21000n,
+                    maxFeePerGas: 2000000000n,
+                    to: RECIPIENT,
+                    value: 0n,
+                    data: "0x",
+                },
+                signer.address,
+            ),
+        ).toThrow(/did not supply a maxPriorityFeePerGas/);
+    });
+
+    test("keeps a contract creation's absent recipient absent", () => {
+        const approved = serializeApprovedTx(
+            {
+                type: 0,
+                chainId: 1n,
+                nonce: 7,
+                gasPrice: 2000000000n,
+                gasLimit: 21000n,
+                to: null,
+                value: 0n,
+                data: "0x600160005500",
+            },
+            signer.address,
+        );
+        expect(approved.to).toBeNull();
+        expect(approved.value).toBe("0x0");
+        expect(approved.data).toBe("0x600160005500");
+    });
+});

tests/approvalVerify.test.js

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ const {
     assertNoForbiddenFields,
     assertNothingUnchecked,
     assertCanonicalBytes,
+    assertWithinCeilings,
     sameAddress,
     failureIsRetryable,
     describeTxFailure,
@@ -18,12 +19,14 @@ const {
     ALLOWED_TX_TYPES,
     SERIALIZED_FIELDS,
     FORBIDDEN_FIELDS,
+    APPROVED_FIELDS,
     TX_STAGE_SIGN,
     TX_STAGE_VERIFY,
     TX_STAGE_BROADCAST,
     MAX_GAS_LIMIT,
     MAX_FEE_PER_GAS,
 } = require("../src/shared/approvalVerify");
+const { prepareApprovalTx } = require("../src/shared/approvalTx");
 const { getSignerForAddress } = require("../src/shared/wallet");
 
 // Fixed test keys — never used for anything but these tests.
@@ -42,7 +45,10 @@ const OTHER_RECIPIENT = "0xdAC17F958D2ee523a2206206994597C13D831ec7";
 const SELECTED = "0x1";
 const SEPOLIA = "0xaa36a7";
 
-// Approved parameters as a dApp would supply them over eth_sendTransaction.
+// Parameters as a dApp would supply them over eth_sendTransaction. Note what
+// is missing: nonce, gas limit and fees. The background fills those in before
+// the approval screen is drawn, which is why the approval below and not this
+// object is what every comparison runs against.
 const TX_PARAMS = {
     from: signer.address,
     to: RECIPIENT,
@@ -61,8 +67,8 @@ const POPULATED = {
     type: 2,
 };
 
-// Build a signable transaction from approved params. The popup does the same
-// thing through populateTransaction(); here the fields are fixed so the test
+// Build a signable transaction from a request. The background populates the
+// same fields through populateTransaction(); here they are fixed so the test
 // needs no provider. `overrides` stands in for what a tampered or misbuilt
 // popup would put on the wire.
 function txFor(params, overrides) {
@@ -75,6 +81,21 @@ function txFor(params, overrides) {
     };
 }
 
+// The populated transaction the approval screen displayed, which is the object
+// the artifact is verified against. Built from the same fields as the signable
+// transaction above, because that is the point: displayed and verified are one
+// object.
+function approvedFor(params, overrides) {
+    return {
+        from: signer.address,
+        accessList: [],
+        ...txFor(params, overrides),
+    };
+}
+
+// The ordinary case: the dApp's request, populated.
+const APPROVED = approvedFor(TX_PARAMS);
+
 async function signedFor(params, withWallet, overrides) {
     return (withWallet || signer).signTransaction(txFor(params, overrides));
 }
@@ -108,7 +129,7 @@ describe("sameAddress", () => {
 describe("verifySignedTx", () => {
     test("accepts the approved transaction signed by the approved address", async () => {
         const raw = await signedFor(TX_PARAMS);
-        const parsed = verifySignedTx(raw, TX_PARAMS, signer.address, SELECTED);
+        const parsed = verifySignedTx(raw, APPROVED, signer.address, SELECTED);
         expect(parsed.from).toBe(signer.address);
         expect(parsed.hash).toBe(Transaction.from(raw).hash);
     });
@@ -117,23 +138,23 @@ describe("verifySignedTx", () => {
         const params = { to: undefined, value: "0x0", data: "0x600160005500" };
         const raw = await signedFor(params);
         expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx(raw, params, signer.address, SELECTED),
+            verifySignedTx(raw, approvedFor(params), signer.address, SELECTED),
         ).not.toThrow();
     });
 
     test("accepts an absent value as zero", async () => {
-        const approved = { to: RECIPIENT, data: "0x" };
-        const raw = await signedFor(approved);
+        const params = { to: RECIPIENT, data: "0x" };
+        const raw = await signedFor(params);
         expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx(raw, approved, signer.address, SELECTED),
+            verifySignedTx(raw, approvedFor(params), signer.address, SELECTED),
         ).not.toThrow();
     });
 
     test("accepts call data whose case differs from the approval", async () => {
-        const approved = { to: RECIPIENT, value: "0x0", data: "0xDEADBEEF" };
-        const raw = await signedFor(approved);
+        const params = { to: RECIPIENT, value: "0x0", data: "0xDEADBEEF" };
+        const raw = await signedFor(params);
         expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx(raw, approved, signer.address, SELECTED),
+            verifySignedTx(raw, approvedFor(params), signer.address, SELECTED),
         ).not.toThrow();
     });
 
@@ -143,7 +164,7 @@ describe("verifySignedTx", () => {
             to: OTHER_RECIPIENT,
         });
         expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx(raw, TX_PARAMS, signer.address, SELECTED),
+            verifySignedTx(raw, APPROVED, signer.address, SELECTED),
         ).toThrow(/approved recipient/);
     });
 
@@ -153,47 +174,64 @@ describe("verifySignedTx", () => {
             value: "0x4563918244f40000",
         });
         expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx(raw, TX_PARAMS, signer.address, SELECTED),
+            verifySignedTx(raw, APPROVED, signer.address, SELECTED),
         ).toThrow(/approved value/);
     });
 
     test("rejects substituted call data", async () => {
         const raw = await signedFor({ ...TX_PARAMS, data: "0xc0ffee" });
         expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx(raw, TX_PARAMS, signer.address, SELECTED),
+            verifySignedTx(raw, APPROVED, signer.address, SELECTED),
         ).toThrow(/approved call data/);
     });
 
     test("rejects a transaction signed by a different address", async () => {
         const raw = await signedFor(TX_PARAMS, other);
         expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx(raw, TX_PARAMS, signer.address, SELECTED),
+            verifySignedTx(raw, APPROVED, signer.address, SELECTED),
         ).toThrow(/different address/);
     });
 
+    // The address the approval named, not whichever address is active when the
+    // artifact comes back: an approval raised for one account cannot be
+    // satisfied by a signature from another, whatever the wallet switched to
+    // in between.
+    test("rejects a signature from the address that is active now", async () => {
+        const raw = await signedFor(TX_PARAMS, other);
+        expect(() =>
+            verifySignedTx(raw, APPROVED, signer.address, SELECTED),
+        ).toThrow(/different address than the one that was approved/);
+        // The same artifact against the same approval, verified for the other
+        // address, is what would have happened had expectedFrom been read from
+        // the wallet's current state.
+        expect(() =>
+            verifySignedTx(raw, APPROVED, other.address, SELECTED),
+        ).not.toThrow();
+    });
+
     test("rejects an unsigned transaction", () => {
         const unsigned = Transaction.from(txFor(TX_PARAMS)).unsignedSerialized;
         expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx(unsigned, TX_PARAMS, signer.address, SELECTED),
+            verifySignedTx(unsigned, APPROVED, signer.address, SELECTED),
         ).toThrow(/no valid signature/);
     });
 
     test("rejects a missing or malformed payload", () => {
         expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx(undefined, TX_PARAMS, signer.address, SELECTED),
+            verifySignedTx(undefined, APPROVED, signer.address, SELECTED),
         ).toThrow(/missing or malformed/);
         expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx("nope", TX_PARAMS, signer.address, SELECTED),
+            verifySignedTx("nope", APPROVED, signer.address, SELECTED),
         ).toThrow(/missing or malformed/);
         expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx("0xc0ffee", TX_PARAMS, signer.address, SELECTED),
+            verifySignedTx("0xc0ffee", APPROVED, signer.address, SELECTED),
         ).toThrow(/could not be decoded/);
     });
 
     test("every rejection message is a full sentence", async () => {
         const raw = await signedFor({ ...TX_PARAMS, to: OTHER_RECIPIENT });
         try {
-            verifySignedTx(raw, TX_PARAMS, signer.address, SELECTED);
+            verifySignedTx(raw, APPROVED, signer.address, SELECTED);
             throw new Error("expected a rejection");
         } catch (e) {
             expect(e.message).toMatch(/^[A-Z].*\.$/);
@@ -201,20 +239,113 @@ describe("verifySignedTx", () => {
     });
 });
 
+// The defect this file's approvals now stand against: for every field the dApp
+// left out, the old comparison had nothing to compare and skipped the field,
+// so the fee and the nonce the user read off the screen were checked by the
+// ceilings alone. A populated approval fixes all of them, and an approval that
+// does not fix one is a refusal rather than a pass.
+describe("verifySignedTx against what was displayed", () => {
+    test("a fee differing from the displayed one is refused", async () => {
+        // Ten times the fee the screen showed, and far below the ceiling: the
+        // artifact the old comparison would have accepted.
+        const inflated = 20000000000n;
+        expect(inflated).toBeLessThan(MAX_FEE_PER_GAS);
+        const raw = await signedWith({ maxFeePerGas: inflated });
+        expect(() =>
+            verifySignedTx(raw, APPROVED, signer.address, SELECTED),
+        ).toThrow(/approved maximum fee per gas/);
+    });
+
+    test("a nonce differing from the displayed one is refused", async () => {
+        const raw = await signedWith({ nonce: 8 });
+        expect(() =>
+            verifySignedTx(raw, APPROVED, signer.address, SELECTED),
+        ).toThrow(/approved nonce/);
+    });
+
+    test("a gas limit differing from the displayed one is refused", async () => {
+        const raw = await signedWith({ gasLimit: 250000n });
+        expect(() =>
+            verifySignedTx(raw, APPROVED, signer.address, SELECTED),
+        ).toThrow(/approved gas limit/);
+    });
+
+    test("an approval fixing no quantity is refused, not waved through", async () => {
+        const raw = await signedWith({});
+        for (const key of [
+            "chainId",
+            "nonce",
+            "gasLimit",
+            "maxFeePerGas",
+            "maxPriorityFeePerGas",
+        ]) {
+            const incomplete = { ...APPROVED };
+            delete incomplete[key];
+            let thrown;
+            try {
+                verifySignedTx(raw, incomplete, signer.address, SELECTED);
+                throw new Error("expected a rejection for " + key);
+            } catch (e) {
+                thrown = e;
+            }
+            expect(thrown.message).toMatch(/fixes no /);
+            expect(thrown.approvalMismatch).toBe(true);
+        }
+    });
+
+    test("no approved transaction at all is refused", async () => {
+        const raw = await signedWith({});
+        for (const approved of [undefined, null, "0xdeadbeef"]) {
+            expect(() =>
+                verifySignedTx(raw, approved, signer.address, SELECTED),
+            ).toThrow(/no approved transaction/);
+        }
+    });
+
+    test("an approval fixing no transaction type is refused", async () => {
+        const raw = await signedWith({});
+        const incomplete = { ...APPROVED };
+        delete incomplete.type;
+        expect(() =>
+            verifySignedTx(raw, incomplete, signer.address, SELECTED),
+        ).toThrow(/fixes no transaction type/);
+    });
+
+    test("an artifact of a type other than the approved one is refused", async () => {
+        // Same fee mechanism on both sides, so only the type differs: a type 1
+        // artifact against a type 2 approval.
+        const approved = approvedFor(TX_PARAMS, {
+            type: 1,
+            gasPrice: 2000000000n,
+            maxFeePerGas: null,
+            maxPriorityFeePerGas: null,
+        });
+        const raw = await signedWith({
+            type: 0,
+            gasPrice: 2000000000n,
+            maxFeePerGas: null,
+            maxPriorityFeePerGas: null,
+        });
+        expect(() =>
+            verifySignedTx(raw, approved, signer.address, SELECTED),
+        ).toThrow(/approved transaction type/);
+    });
+});
+
 // One case per consequential field: the field alone differs from what was
 // approved, and that alone must refuse the signature.
 describe("verifySignedTx field comparison", () => {
     test("rejects a chain id that is not the selected network", async () => {
         const raw = await signedWith({ chainId: 11155111 });
         expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx(raw, TX_PARAMS, signer.address, SELECTED),
+            verifySignedTx(raw, APPROVED, signer.address, SELECTED),
         ).toThrow(/different network than the one that is selected/);
     });
 
     test("rejects a chain id that is not the approved one", async () => {
-        // Selected network and signed chain id agree; the dApp asked for a
-        // different chain, so the artifact is not what was approved.
-        const approved = { ...TX_PARAMS, chainId: SEPOLIA };
+        // Selected network and signed chain id agree; the approval was raised
+        // for a different chain, so the artifact is not what was approved.
+        const approved = { ...APPROVED, chainId: SEPOLIA };
         const raw = await signedWith({});
         expect(() =>
             verifySignedTx(raw, approved, signer.address, SELECTED),
@@ -224,58 +355,59 @@ describe("verifySignedTx field comparison", () => {
     test("refuses when the selected network is unknown", async () => {
         const raw = await signedWith({});
         expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx(raw, TX_PARAMS, signer.address, undefined),
+            verifySignedTx(raw, APPROVED, signer.address, undefined),
         ).toThrow(/selected network is unknown/);
     });
 
     test("rejects a substituted nonce", async () => {
-        const approved = { ...TX_PARAMS, nonce: 7 };
         const raw = await signedWith({ nonce: 8 });
         expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx(raw, approved, signer.address, SELECTED),
+            verifySignedTx(raw, APPROVED, signer.address, SELECTED),
         ).toThrow(/approved nonce/);
     });
 
     test("rejects a substituted gas limit", async () => {
-        const approved = { ...TX_PARAMS, gasLimit: "0x186a0" };
         const raw = await signedWith({ gasLimit: 250000n });
         expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx(raw, approved, signer.address, SELECTED),
+            verifySignedTx(raw, APPROVED, signer.address, SELECTED),
         ).toThrow(/approved gas limit/);
     });
 
     test("rejects a substituted maximum fee per gas", async () => {
-        const approved = { ...TX_PARAMS, maxFeePerGas: "0x77359400" };
         const raw = await signedWith({ maxFeePerGas: 900000000000n });
         expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx(raw, approved, signer.address, SELECTED),
+            verifySignedTx(raw, APPROVED, signer.address, SELECTED),
         ).toThrow(/approved maximum fee per gas/);
     });
 
     test("rejects a substituted maximum priority fee per gas", async () => {
-        const approved = { ...TX_PARAMS, maxPriorityFeePerGas: "0x3b9aca00" };
         const raw = await signedWith({ maxPriorityFeePerGas: 1500000000n });
         expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx(raw, approved, signer.address, SELECTED),
+            verifySignedTx(raw, APPROVED, signer.address, SELECTED),
         ).toThrow(/approved maximum priority fee per gas/);
     });
 
     test("rejects a substituted legacy gas price", async () => {
-        const approved = { ...TX_PARAMS, gasPrice: "0x77359400" };
         const legacy = {
             type: 0,
-            gasPrice: 9000000000n,
+            gasPrice: 2000000000n,
             maxFeePerGas: null,
             maxPriorityFeePerGas: null,
         };
-        const raw = await signedWith(legacy);
+        const approved = approvedFor(TX_PARAMS, legacy);
+        const raw = await signedWith({ ...legacy, gasPrice: 9000000000n });
         expect(() =>
             verifySignedTx(raw, approved, signer.address, SELECTED),
         ).toThrow(/approved gas price/);
     });
 
     test("rejects an approved legacy fee signed as an EIP-1559 fee", async () => {
-        const approved = { ...TX_PARAMS, gasPrice: "0x77359400" };
+        const approved = approvedFor(TX_PARAMS, {
+            type: 0,
+            gasPrice: 2000000000n,
+            maxFeePerGas: null,
+            maxPriorityFeePerGas: null,
+        });
         const raw = await signedWith({});
         expect(() =>
             verifySignedTx(raw, approved, signer.address, SELECTED),
@@ -283,7 +415,6 @@ describe("verifySignedTx field comparison", () => {
     });
 
     test("rejects an approved EIP-1559 fee signed as a legacy fee", async () => {
-        const approved = { ...TX_PARAMS, maxFeePerGas: "0x77359400" };
         const raw = await signedWith({
             type: 0,
             gasPrice: 2000000000n,
@@ -291,36 +422,72 @@ describe("verifySignedTx field comparison", () => {
             maxPriorityFeePerGas: null,
         });
         expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx(raw, approved, signer.address, SELECTED),
+            verifySignedTx(raw, APPROVED, signer.address, SELECTED),
         ).toThrow(/approved fee mechanism/);
     });
 
+    // The ceilings are a backstop against what the RPC node can talk the
+    // wallet into populating and displaying, so they are checked against an
+    // approval that carries the absurd value too — equality alone would accept
+    // it, which is exactly what the ceiling is there for.
     test("rejects a gas limit above anything a supported network accepts", async () => {
-        const raw = await signedWith({ gasLimit: MAX_GAS_LIMIT + 1n });
+        const overrides = { gasLimit: MAX_GAS_LIMIT + 1n };
+        const raw = await signedWith(overrides);
         expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx(raw, TX_PARAMS, signer.address, SELECTED),
+            verifySignedTx(
+                raw,
+                approvedFor(TX_PARAMS, overrides),
+                signer.address,
+                SELECTED,
+            ),
         ).toThrow(/gas limit no network this wallet supports/);
     });
 
-    test("rejects an absurd fee per gas the approval never fixed", async () => {
-        const raw = await signedWith({
+    test("rejects an absurd fee per gas even when it was displayed", async () => {
+        const overrides = {
             maxFeePerGas: MAX_FEE_PER_GAS + 1n,
             maxPriorityFeePerGas: MAX_FEE_PER_GAS + 1n,
-        });
+        };
+        const raw = await signedWith(overrides);
         expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx(raw, TX_PARAMS, signer.address, SELECTED),
+            verifySignedTx(
+                raw,
+                approvedFor(TX_PARAMS, overrides),
+                signer.address,
+                SELECTED,
+            ),
         ).toThrow(/fee per gas far above any plausible value/);
     });
 
+    test("assertWithinCeilings is the same check on either side of the screen", () => {
+        expect(() =>
+            assertWithinCeilings({ gasLimit: MAX_GAS_LIMIT + 1n }),
+        ).toThrow(/gas limit no network this wallet supports/);
+        for (const key of [
+            "gasPrice",
+            "maxFeePerGas",
+            "maxPriorityFeePerGas",
+        ]) {
+            expect(() =>
+                assertWithinCeilings({ [key]: MAX_FEE_PER_GAS + 1n }),
+            ).toThrow(/fee per gas far above any plausible value/);
+        }
+        expect(() =>
+            assertWithinCeilings({
+                gasLimit: MAX_GAS_LIMIT,
+                maxFeePerGas: MAX_FEE_PER_GAS,
+                maxPriorityFeePerGas: MAX_FEE_PER_GAS,
+            }),
+        ).not.toThrow();
+        // Nothing to bound is not a failure: a type 2 approval carries no gas
+        // price, and a bare object must not be refused for lacking one.
+        expect(() => assertWithinCeilings({})).not.toThrow();
+    });
+
     test("every field mismatch is a refusal, not a warning", async () => {
         const raw = await signedWith({ nonce: 8 });
         try {
-            verifySignedTx(
-                raw,
-                { ...TX_PARAMS, nonce: 7 },
-                signer.address,
-                SELECTED,
-            );
+            verifySignedTx(raw, APPROVED, signer.address, SELECTED);
             throw new Error("expected a rejection");
         } catch (e) {
             expect(e.approvalMismatch).toBe(true);
@@ -331,17 +498,17 @@ describe("verifySignedTx field comparison", () => {
 
 // The transaction type decides which fields exist, so an artifact of a type
 // this wallet does not sign carries consequences the approval cannot describe
-// and none of the field comparisons can see. The approval used here is the
-// ordinary dApp shape with no fee fields — the common case, since
-// populateTransaction() fills them — which is exactly the case the
-// fee-mechanism check cannot catch by accident.
+// and none of the field comparisons can see. The refusal has to come from the
+// type allowlist rather than from a field comparison, so these run against an
+// approval whose every other field matches the artifact exactly.
 describe("verifySignedTx transaction type", () => {
-    const BARE_APPROVAL = {
+    const BARE_REQUEST = {
         from: signer.address,
         to: RECIPIENT,
         value: "0x2386f26fc10000",
         data: "0x",
     };
+    const BARE_APPROVAL = approvedFor(BARE_REQUEST);
 
     // An EIP-7702 artifact that pays the approved amount to the approved
     // recipient and, in the same transaction, installs the attacker's code at
@@ -353,7 +520,7 @@ describe("verifySignedTx transaction type", () => {
             chainId: 1,
             nonce: 8,
         });
-        const raw = await signedFor(BARE_APPROVAL, signer, {
+        const raw = await signedFor(BARE_REQUEST, signer, {
             type: 4,
             authorizationList: [authorization],
         });
@@ -366,7 +533,7 @@ describe("verifySignedTx transaction type", () => {
     });
 
     test("refuses a type 3 blob artifact", async () => {
-        const raw = await signedFor(BARE_APPROVAL, signer, {
+        const raw = await signedFor(BARE_REQUEST, signer, {
             type: 3,
             maxFeePerBlobGas: 1000000000n,
             blobVersionedHashes: ["0x01" + "ab".repeat(31)],
@@ -390,7 +557,7 @@ describe("verifySignedTx transaction type", () => {
             chainId: 1,
             nonce: 8,
         });
-        const raw = await signedFor(BARE_APPROVAL, signer, {
+        const raw = await signedFor(BARE_REQUEST, signer, {
             type: 4,
             authorizationList: [authorization],
         });
@@ -404,40 +571,45 @@ describe("verifySignedTx transaction type", () => {
     });
 
     test("accepts a legacy type 0 transaction", async () => {
-        const approved = { ...BARE_APPROVAL, gasPrice: "0x77359400" };
-        const raw = await signedFor(approved, signer, {
+        const legacy = {
             type: 0,
             gasPrice: 2000000000n,
             maxFeePerGas: null,
             maxPriorityFeePerGas: null,
-        });
+        };
+        const raw = await signedFor(BARE_REQUEST, signer, legacy);
         expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx(raw, approved, signer.address, SELECTED),
+            verifySignedTx(
+                raw,
+                approvedFor(BARE_REQUEST, legacy),
+                signer.address,
+                SELECTED,
+            ),
         ).not.toThrow();
     });
 
     test("accepts a type 1 transaction whose access list is the approved one", async () => {
-        const accessList = [{ address: OTHER_RECIPIENT, storageKeys: [] }];
-        const approved = {
-            ...BARE_APPROVAL,
-            gasPrice: "0x77359400",
-            accessList,
-        };
-        const raw = await signedFor(approved, signer, {
+        const overrides = {
             type: 1,
             gasPrice: 2000000000n,
             maxFeePerGas: null,
             maxPriorityFeePerGas: null,
-            accessList,
-        });
+            accessList: [{ address: OTHER_RECIPIENT, storageKeys: [] }],
+        };
+        const raw = await signedFor(BARE_REQUEST, signer, overrides);
         expect(Transaction.from(raw).type).toBe(1);
         expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx(raw, approved, signer.address, SELECTED),
+            verifySignedTx(
+                raw,
+                approvedFor(BARE_REQUEST, overrides),
+                signer.address,
+                SELECTED,
+            ),
         ).not.toThrow();
     });
 
     test("refuses an access list the approval never carried", async () => {
-        const raw = await signedFor(BARE_APPROVAL, signer, {
+        const raw = await signedFor(BARE_REQUEST, signer, {
             accessList: [{ address: OTHER_RECIPIENT, storageKeys: [] }],
         });
         expect(() =>
@@ -446,8 +618,11 @@ describe("verifySignedTx transaction type", () => {
     });
 
     test("treats an absent access list and an empty one as the same thing", async () => {
-        const approved = { ...BARE_APPROVAL, accessList: [] };
-        const raw = await signedFor(BARE_APPROVAL, signer, {});
+        const approved = { ...BARE_APPROVAL };
+        delete approved.accessList;
+        expect(approved.accessList).toBeUndefined();
+        const raw = await signedFor(BARE_REQUEST, signer, {});
+        expect(Transaction.from(raw).accessList).toEqual([]);
         expect(() =>
             verifySignedTx(raw, approved, signer.address, SELECTED),
         ).not.toThrow();
@@ -498,6 +673,25 @@ describe("verifySignedTx exhaustiveness", () => {
         expect(exposed.filter((name) => !accounted.has(name))).toEqual([]);
     });
 
+    // The comparison loop runs over the fields a type serializes and refuses a
+    // field it has no comparator for. That refusal is unreachable only while
+    // the table covers the whole of SERIALIZED_FIELDS, so the coverage is
+    // pinned here rather than assumed: adding a field to a type without a
+    // comparator would otherwise turn every transaction of that type into a
+    // refusal, and adding a comparator without the field would be a check that
+    // never runs.
+    test("every field a type serializes has a comparator", () => {
+        const serialized = new Set(
+            Object.values(SERIALIZED_FIELDS).flat().sort(),
+        );
+        expect([...serialized].filter((key) => !APPROVED_FIELDS[key])).toEqual(
+            [],
+        );
+        expect(
+            Object.keys(APPROVED_FIELDS).filter((key) => !serialized.has(key)),
+        ).toEqual([]);
+    });
+
     // The two layers behind the type allowlist. Nothing reachable through
     // verifySignedTx can trip either of them while the allowlist holds — that
     // is what they are for — so they are exercised directly rather than taken
@@ -553,26 +747,12 @@ describe("verifySignedTx exhaustiveness", () => {
     test("an accepted artifact of each allowed type rebuilds byte for byte", async () => {
         const shapes = [
             {
-                approved: { ...TX_PARAMS, gasPrice: "0x77359400" },
-                overrides: {
                 type: 0,
                 gasPrice: 2000000000n,
                 maxFeePerGas: null,
                 maxPriorityFeePerGas: null,
             },
-            },
             {
-                approved: {
-                    ...TX_PARAMS,
-                    gasPrice: "0x77359400",
-                    accessList: [
-                        {
-                            address: RECIPIENT,
-                            storageKeys: ["0x" + "11".repeat(32)],
-                        },
-                    ],
-                },
-                overrides: {
                 type: 1,
                 gasPrice: 2000000000n,
                 maxFeePerGas: null,
@@ -584,18 +764,13 @@ describe("verifySignedTx exhaustiveness", () => {
                     },
                 ],
             },
-            },
-            { approved: TX_PARAMS, overrides: {} },
+            {},
         ];
-        for (const shape of shapes) {
-            const raw = await signedFor(
-                shape.approved,
-                signer,
-                shape.overrides,
-            );
+        for (const overrides of shapes) {
+            const raw = await signedFor(TX_PARAMS, signer, overrides);
             const parsed = verifySignedTx(
                 raw,
-                shape.approved,
+                approvedFor(TX_PARAMS, overrides),
                 signer.address,
                 SELECTED,
             );
@@ -644,7 +819,7 @@ describe("verifySignedTx canonical encoding", () => {
     test("refuses an artifact that is not its own canonical encoding", async () => {
         const mutated = await nonCanonical();
         expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx(mutated, TX_PARAMS, signer.address, SELECTED),
+            verifySignedTx(mutated, APPROVED, signer.address, SELECTED),
         ).toThrow(/not encoded canonically/);
     });
 
@@ -659,7 +834,7 @@ describe("verifySignedTx canonical encoding", () => {
         const raw = await signedWith({});
         const upper = "0x" + raw.slice(2).toUpperCase();
         expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx(upper, TX_PARAMS, signer.address, SELECTED),
+            verifySignedTx(upper, APPROVED, signer.address, SELECTED),
         ).not.toThrow();
     });
 });
@@ -670,46 +845,33 @@ describe("verifySignedTx normalization", () => {
     test("accepts a decimal chain id against a hex selected network", async () => {
         const raw = await signedWith({});
         expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx(raw, TX_PARAMS, signer.address, 1),
+            verifySignedTx(raw, APPROVED, signer.address, 1),
         ).not.toThrow();
         expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx(raw, TX_PARAMS, signer.address, "1"),
+            verifySignedTx(raw, APPROVED, signer.address, "1"),
         ).not.toThrow();
     });
 
-    test("accepts an approved chain id written in hex", async () => {
+    // The approved transaction crosses to the popup as JSON, so it comes back
+    // spelled in hex quantities rather than in the bigints it was populated
+    // with. None of that is tampering.
+    test("accepts an approval spelled as the wire spells it", async () => {
         const raw = await signedWith({});
-        const approved = { ...TX_PARAMS, chainId: "0x1" };
+        const wire = {
+            ...APPROVED,
+            chainId: "0x1",
+            nonce: "0x7",
+            gasLimit: "0x186a0",
+            maxFeePerGas: "0x77359400",
+            maxPriorityFeePerGas: "0x3b9aca00",
+            value: "0x2386f26fc10000",
+        };
         expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx(raw, approved, signer.address, SELECTED),
+            verifySignedTx(raw, wire, signer.address, SELECTED),
         ).not.toThrow();
     });
 
-    test("accepts a hex nonce against a numeric one", async () => {
-        const raw = await signedWith({ nonce: 7 });
-        expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx(
-                raw,
-                { ...TX_PARAMS, nonce: "0x7" },
-                signer.address,
-                SELECTED,
-            ),
-        ).not.toThrow();
-    });
-
-    test("accepts a decimal gas limit against a hex one", async () => {
-        const raw = await signedWith({ gasLimit: 100000n });
-        expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx(
-                raw,
-                { ...TX_PARAMS, gasLimit: "100000" },
-                signer.address,
-                SELECTED,
-            ),
-        ).not.toThrow();
-    });
-
-    test("accepts fee fields spelled as hex, decimal, number and bigint", async () => {
+    test("accepts quantities spelled as hex, decimal, number and bigint", async () => {
         const raw = await signedWith({});
         for (const maxFee of [
             "0x77359400",
@@ -720,7 +882,7 @@ describe("verifySignedTx normalization", () => {
             expect(() =>
                 verifySignedTx(
                     raw,
-                    { ...TX_PARAMS, maxFeePerGas: maxFee },
+                    { ...APPROVED, maxFeePerGas: maxFee },
                     signer.address,
                     SELECTED,
                 ),
@@ -728,24 +890,19 @@ describe("verifySignedTx normalization", () => {
         }
     });
 
-    test("accepts an approval that fixes no nonce, gas or fee at all", async () => {
-        const raw = await signedWith({});
-        expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx(raw, TX_PARAMS, signer.address, SELECTED),
-        ).not.toThrow();
-    });
-
     test("accepts an approval whose recipient case differs", async () => {
         const raw = await signedWith({});
-        const approved = { ...TX_PARAMS, to: RECIPIENT.toLowerCase() };
+        const approved = { ...APPROVED, to: RECIPIENT.toLowerCase() };
         expect(() =>
             verifySignedTx(raw, approved, signer.address, SELECTED),
         ).not.toThrow();
     });
 
     test("accepts absent call data against 0x", async () => {
-        const approved = { to: RECIPIENT, value: "0x0" };
-        const raw = await signedFor({ ...approved, data: "0x" });
+        const params = { to: RECIPIENT, value: "0x0" };
+        const approved = approvedFor(params);
+        delete approved.data;
+        const raw = await signedFor({ ...params, data: "0x" });
         expect(() =>
             verifySignedTx(raw, approved, signer.address, SELECTED),
         ).not.toThrow();
@@ -756,7 +913,7 @@ describe("verifySignedTx normalization", () => {
         expect(() =>
             verifySignedTx(
                 raw,
-                { ...TX_PARAMS, maxFeePerGas: "cheap" },
+                { ...APPROVED, maxFeePerGas: "cheap" },
                 signer.address,
                 SELECTED,
             ),
@@ -774,7 +931,7 @@ describe("verifySignedTx normalization", () => {
             try {
                 verifySignedTx(
                     raw,
-                    { ...TX_PARAMS, value },
+                    { ...APPROVED, value },
                     signer.address,
                     SELECTED,
                 );
@@ -793,7 +950,7 @@ describe("verifySignedTx normalization", () => {
         expect(() =>
             verifySignedTx(
                 raw,
-                { ...TX_PARAMS, accessList: ["nope"] },
+                { ...APPROVED, accessList: ["nope"] },
                 signer.address,
                 SELECTED,
             ),
@@ -934,7 +1091,7 @@ describe("signing failure and retry", () => {
     test("a mismatch spends the approval", async () => {
         const raw = await signedFor({ ...TX_PARAMS, to: OTHER_RECIPIENT });
         try {
-            verifySignedTx(raw, TX_PARAMS, signer.address, SELECTED);
+            verifySignedTx(raw, APPROVED, signer.address, SELECTED);
             throw new Error("expected a rejection");
         } catch (e) {
             expect(failureIsRetryable(e)).toBe(false);
@@ -1007,7 +1164,7 @@ describe("signing failure and retry", () => {
         const raw = await signedFor({ ...TX_PARAMS, to: OTHER_RECIPIENT });
         let outcome;
         try {
-            verifySignedTx(raw, TX_PARAMS, signer.address, SELECTED);
+            verifySignedTx(raw, APPROVED, signer.address, SELECTED);
         } catch (e) {
             outcome = describeTxFailure(TX_STAGE_VERIFY, e);
         }
@@ -1061,12 +1218,13 @@ describe("signing failure and retry", () => {
     });
 });
 
-// End-to-end over the messaging boundary, without a browser: run the exact
-// sequence the approval popup runs, then hand the artifact to the exact check
-// the background runs before it broadcasts or resolves. Only what the popup
-// puts on the wire is passed along, so this also pins down that the wire
-// payload is sufficient on its own.
-describe("popup signing sequence to background verification", () => {
+// End-to-end over the messaging boundary, without a browser: the background
+// populates the transaction, the object that produces crosses to the popup as
+// JSON and is signed there, and the artifact goes back to the exact check the
+// background runs before it broadcasts. Only what each side puts on the wire is
+// passed along, so this also pins down that the wire payloads are sufficient on
+// their own.
+describe("background population to popup signing to verification", () => {
     // Stand-in for the JSON-RPC provider. populateTransaction only needs the
     // nonce, the gas estimate, the network and the fee data.
     const fakeProvider = {
@@ -1084,33 +1242,52 @@ describe("popup signing sequence to background verification", () => {
     // through getSignerForAddress() the way the popup does.
     const walletData = { type: "privkey" };
 
-    async function popupSignsTx(txParams) {
-        const localSigner = getSignerForAddress(walletData, 0, SIGNER_KEY);
-        const connected = localSigner.connect(fakeProvider);
-        const populated = await connected.populateTransaction(txParams);
-        delete populated.from;
-        return connected.signTransaction(populated);
+    // What the background does before the approval window opens.
+    async function backgroundPrepares(txParams) {
+        const approvedTx = await prepareApprovalTx(
+            fakeProvider,
+            signer.address,
+            txParams,
+        );
+        // Extension messaging is JSON; the popup sees the other side of it.
+        return JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(approvedTx));
     }
 
-    test("a populated, signed transaction is accepted and broadcastable", async () => {
-        const rawSignedTx = await popupSignsTx(TX_PARAMS);
+    // What the popup does with it: signs it as given, populating nothing.
+    async function popupSigns(approvedTx) {
+        const localSigner = getSignerForAddress(walletData, 0, SIGNER_KEY);
+        return localSigner.signTransaction({ ...approvedTx });
+    }
+
+    test("the populated transaction is what gets signed and what gets checked", async () => {
+        const approvedTx = await backgroundPrepares(TX_PARAMS);
+        const rawSignedTx = await popupSigns(approvedTx);
         const parsed = verifySignedTx(
             rawSignedTx,
-            TX_PARAMS,
+            approvedTx,
             signer.address,
             SELECTED,
         );
         expect(parsed.nonce).toBe(7);
         expect(parsed.chainId).toBe(1n);
         expect(parsed.gasLimit).toBe(21000n);
+        expect(parsed.maxFeePerGas).toBe(2000000000n);
         expect(parsed.to).toBe(RECIPIENT);
         expect(parsed.value).toBe(BigInt(TX_PARAMS.value));
         expect(parsed.data).toBe(TX_PARAMS.data);
         expect(parsed.signature).not.toBeNull();
+        // Every field the screen shows, and the artifact, are the same numbers.
+        expect(BigInt(approvedTx.nonce)).toBe(BigInt(parsed.nonce));
+        expect(BigInt(approvedTx.gasLimit)).toBe(parsed.gasLimit);
+        expect(BigInt(approvedTx.maxFeePerGas)).toBe(parsed.maxFeePerGas);
+        expect(BigInt(approvedTx.maxPriorityFeePerGas)).toBe(
+            parsed.maxPriorityFeePerGas,
+        );
     });
 
     test("the wire payload carries no password and no secret", async () => {
-        const rawSignedTx = await popupSignsTx(TX_PARAMS);
+        const approvedTx = await backgroundPrepares(TX_PARAMS);
+        const rawSignedTx = await popupSigns(approvedTx);
         const payload = {
             type: "AUTISTMASK_TX_RESPONSE",
             id: "test-approval-id",
@@ -1128,20 +1305,54 @@ describe("popup signing sequence to background verification", () => {
         expect(wire).not.toContain(SIGNER_KEY.slice(2).toLowerCase());
     });
 
+    // The popup is the component whose compromise this check exists to detect,
+    // so it is given the approved transaction and signs something else.
+    test("a popup that signs a different fee than it was given is refused", async () => {
+        const approvedTx = await backgroundPrepares(TX_PARAMS);
+        const rawSignedTx = await popupSigns({
+            ...approvedTx,
+            maxFeePerGas: "0x3b9aca000",
+        });
+        expect(() =>
+            verifySignedTx(rawSignedTx, approvedTx, signer.address, SELECTED),
+        ).toThrow(/approved maximum fee per gas/);
+    });
+
+    test("a popup that signs a different nonce than it was given is refused", async () => {
+        const approvedTx = await backgroundPrepares(TX_PARAMS);
+        const rawSignedTx = await popupSigns({ ...approvedTx, nonce: "0x8" });
+        expect(() =>
+            verifySignedTx(rawSignedTx, approvedTx, signer.address, SELECTED),
+        ).toThrow(/approved nonce/);
+    });
+
     test("the background rejects a transaction the popup did not approve", async () => {
-        const rawSignedTx = await popupSignsTx({
-            ...TX_PARAMS,
+        const approvedTx = await backgroundPrepares(TX_PARAMS);
+        const rawSignedTx = await popupSigns({
+            ...approvedTx,
             to: OTHER_RECIPIENT,
         });
         expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx(rawSignedTx, TX_PARAMS, signer.address, SELECTED),
+            verifySignedTx(rawSignedTx, approvedTx, signer.address, SELECTED),
         ).toThrow(/approved recipient/);
     });
 
     test("the background rejects a transaction populated on another network", async () => {
-        const rawSignedTx = await popupSignsTx(TX_PARAMS);
+        const approvedTx = await backgroundPrepares(TX_PARAMS);
+        const rawSignedTx = await popupSigns(approvedTx);
         expect(() =>
-            verifySignedTx(rawSignedTx, TX_PARAMS, signer.address, SEPOLIA),
+            verifySignedTx(rawSignedTx, approvedTx, signer.address, SEPOLIA),
         ).toThrow(/different network than the one that is selected/);
     });
+
+    // ethers refuses to sign for an address that is not the key's own, so a
+    // popup working from the approved object cannot quietly sign as whichever
+    // address the user has switched to.
+    test("the approved from stops the popup signing with another key", async () => {
+        const approvedTx = await backgroundPrepares(TX_PARAMS);
+        const otherSigner = getSignerForAddress(walletData, 0, OTHER_KEY);
+        await expect(
+            otherSigner.signTransaction({ ...approvedTx }),
+        ).rejects.toThrow(/from address mismatch/);
+    });
 });

tests/backNavigation.test.js

@@ -0,0 +1,329 @@
+// Back after reopening the popup (#268).
+//
+// A reopened popup renders the wallet list and the one view it restores
+// onto; every other view is still the blank static template from
+// index.html. goBack() used to only unhide its target, so Back landed on
+// that blank template for any view the popup had not rendered in this page
+// load. These tests drive the real goBack() with the real router wired to
+// recording view modules, so what is asserted is which view render ran —
+// the thing that was missing.
+//
+// The rendering itself is asserted against the real popup in a real
+// browser by tests/e2e/run.js; here the DOM is a stub, because goBack()
+// only needs showView() to work.
+
+const els = new Map();
+
+function fakeEl() {
+    return {
+        textContent: "",
+        innerHTML: "",
+        classList: {
+            toggle() {},
+            add() {},
+            remove() {},
+            contains: () => false,
+        },
+        remove() {},
+    };
+}
+
+globalThis.document = {
+    getElementById(id) {
+        if (!els.has(id)) els.set(id, fakeEl());
+        return els.get(id);
+    },
+};
+
+// helpers.js pulls in state.js, which reads chrome.storage.local at load.
+globalThis.chrome = {
+    storage: { local: { get: async () => ({}), set: async () => {} } },
+};
+
+const {
+    showView,
+    goBack,
+    setBackRenderer,
+    pushCurrentView,
+} = require("../src/popup/views/helpers");
+const {
+    makeBackRenderer,
+    markViewRendered,
+    resetRenderedViews,
+} = require("../src/popup/viewRouter");
+const { state } = require("../src/shared/state");
+
+const ADDRESS = "0x1111111111111111111111111111111111111111";
+const TOKEN = "0xa0b86991c6218b36c1d19d4a2e9eb0ce3606eb48";
+
+let calls;
+
+// Stand-ins for the view modules. Each records itself and then shows its
+// view, which is what every real view render ends with — so the assertions
+// can tell "rendered and shown" apart from "merely unhidden".
+function recorder(name, view) {
+    return () => {
+        calls.push(name);
+        showView(view);
+    };
+}
+
+function makeViews() {
+    return {
+        main: { show: recorder("main", "main") },
+        addressDetail: { show: recorder("addressDetail", "address") },
+        addressToken: { show: recorder("addressToken", "address-token") },
+        receive: { show: recorder("receive", "receive") },
+        settings: { show: recorder("settings", "settings") },
+        settingsAddToken: {
+            show: recorder("settingsAddToken", "settings-addtoken"),
+        },
+        confirmTx: { restore: recorder("confirmTx", "confirm-tx") },
+        transactionDetail: {
+            render: recorder("transactionDetail", "transaction"),
+        },
+        txStatus: {
+            restoreWait: () => {
+                calls.push("waitTx");
+                showView("wait-tx");
+                return true;
+            },
+            renderSuccess: recorder("successTx", "success-tx"),
+            renderError: recorder("errorTx", "error-tx"),
+        },
+    };
+}
+
+// The popup as it stands just after a reopen: one wallet with one address,
+// the view the popup restored onto, and the stack behind it.
+//
+// A reopen is a fresh page load, so the record of what has been rendered
+// starts empty — that emptiness is what makes the Back path render at all.
+// Returns the view modules so a test can drive forward navigation through
+// the same recorders the router renders through.
+function reopenedOn(view, stack, extra) {
+    calls = [];
+    resetRenderedViews();
+    state.wallets = [
+        {
+            name: "Wallet 1",
+            addresses: [{ address: ADDRESS, balance: "0", tokenBalances: [] }],
+        },
+    ];
+    state.selectedWallet = 0;
+    state.selectedAddress = 0;
+    state.selectedToken = null;
+    state.viewData = null;
+    state.currentView = view;
+    state.viewStack = stack.slice();
+    Object.assign(state, extra || {});
+    // Restoring onto a view renders it, so the reopened popup has that one
+    // view on the page and nothing else.
+    markViewRendered(view);
+    const views = makeViews();
+    setBackRenderer(makeBackRenderer(state, views));
+    return views;
+}
+
+// The reproduction from the issue, step for step.
+describe("Back onto a view the reopened popup never rendered", () => {
+    test("Back from settings renders the address detail underneath", () => {
+        reopenedOn("settings", ["main", "address"]);
+        goBack();
+        expect(calls).toEqual(["addressDetail"]);
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("address");
+        expect(state.viewStack).toEqual(["main"]);
+    });
+
+    test("Back onto the token detail renders it", () => {
+        reopenedOn("settings", ["main", "address", "address-token"], {
+            selectedToken: TOKEN,
+        });
+        goBack();
+        expect(calls).toEqual(["addressToken"]);
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("address-token");
+    });
+
+    test("Back onto Receive renders it", () => {
+        reopenedOn("settings", ["main", "address", "receive"]);
+        goBack();
+        expect(calls).toEqual(["receive"]);
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("receive");
+    });
+
+    test("Back onto the transaction detail renders it", () => {
+        reopenedOn("settings", ["main", "transaction"], {
+            viewData: { tx: { hash: "0xdead" } },
+        });
+        goBack();
+        expect(calls).toEqual(["transactionDetail"]);
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("transaction");
+    });
+
+    test("Back onto the transaction confirmation restores it", () => {
+        reopenedOn("settings", ["main", "confirm-tx"], {
+            viewData: { pendingTx: { to: ADDRESS, amount: "1" } },
+        });
+        goBack();
+        expect(calls).toEqual(["confirmTx"]);
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("confirm-tx");
+    });
+
+    test("Back onto the success screen renders it", () => {
+        reopenedOn("settings", ["main", "success-tx"], {
+            viewData: { hash: "0xdead" },
+        });
+        goBack();
+        expect(calls).toEqual(["successTx"]);
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("success-tx");
+    });
+
+    test("Back onto the failure screen renders it", () => {
+        reopenedOn("settings", ["main", "error-tx"], {
+            viewData: { message: "execution reverted" },
+        });
+        goBack();
+        expect(calls).toEqual(["errorTx"]);
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("error-tx");
+    });
+
+    test("Back onto Home renders the wallet list", () => {
+        reopenedOn("settings", ["main"]);
+        goBack();
+        expect(calls).toEqual(["main"]);
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("main");
+    });
+
+    test("Back with an empty stack renders Home", () => {
+        reopenedOn("settings", []);
+        goBack();
+        expect(calls).toEqual(["main"]);
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("main");
+    });
+});
+
+// The guards are restoreView()'s, so a popped view whose backing data is
+// gone lands on Home rather than on an empty template.
+describe("Back onto a view whose backing data is gone", () => {
+    test("the token detail with no token selected falls back to Home", () => {
+        reopenedOn("settings", ["main", "address-token"]);
+        goBack();
+        expect(calls).toEqual(["main"]);
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("main");
+    });
+
+    test("the transaction detail with no transaction falls back to Home", () => {
+        reopenedOn("settings", ["main", "transaction"]);
+        goBack();
+        expect(calls).toEqual(["main"]);
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("main");
+    });
+
+    test("the confirmation with no pending transaction falls back to Home", () => {
+        reopenedOn("settings", ["main", "confirm-tx"]);
+        goBack();
+        expect(calls).toEqual(["main"]);
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("main");
+    });
+
+    test("an address view with no address selected falls back to Home", () => {
+        reopenedOn("settings", ["main", "receive"], {
+            selectedAddress: null,
+        });
+        goBack();
+        expect(calls).toEqual(["main"]);
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("main");
+    });
+
+    test("the success screen with no transaction hash falls back to Home", () => {
+        reopenedOn("settings", ["main", "success-tx"]);
+        goBack();
+        expect(calls).toEqual(["main"]);
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("main");
+    });
+
+    test("the failure screen with no message falls back to Home", () => {
+        reopenedOn("settings", ["main", "error-tx"]);
+        goBack();
+        expect(calls).toEqual(["main"]);
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("main");
+    });
+
+    test("a wait that can no longer be resumed falls back to Home", () => {
+        reopenedOn("settings", ["main", "wait-tx"]);
+        const views = makeViews();
+        views.txStatus.restoreWait = () => false;
+        setBackRenderer(makeBackRenderer(state, views));
+        goBack();
+        expect(calls).toEqual(["main"]);
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("main");
+    });
+});
+
+// Forward navigation renders as it goes, and a second render would re-fetch
+// and clobber whatever the view holds — an unsaved edit, a request in
+// flight. So the Back path renders only a view this page load has never
+// rendered, and merely unhides every other one: the views it does not
+// render from persisted state, and the views already on the page.
+describe("what the Back path leaves alone", () => {
+    test("forward navigation renders nothing by itself", () => {
+        reopenedOn("address", ["main"]);
+        pushCurrentView();
+        showView("send");
+        expect(calls).toEqual([]);
+        expect(state.viewStack).toEqual(["main", "address"]);
+    });
+
+    test("Back onto a live-session view only unhides it", () => {
+        reopenedOn("confirm-tx", ["main", "address", "send"]);
+        goBack();
+        expect(calls).toEqual([]);
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("send");
+    });
+
+    test("Back renders its target exactly once", () => {
+        reopenedOn("settings", ["main", "address"]);
+        goBack();
+        expect(calls.filter((c) => c === "addressDetail")).toHaveLength(1);
+    });
+
+    test("Back onto a view this page load already rendered only unhides it", () => {
+        const views = reopenedOn("main", []);
+        pushCurrentView();
+        views.addressDetail.show();
+        pushCurrentView();
+        views.settings.show();
+        calls = [];
+        goBack();
+        expect(calls).toEqual([]);
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("address");
+    });
+
+    // The unit mirror of the regression the browser suite pins: Settings
+    // reassigns its fields from persisted state on every render, so a
+    // re-render on the way back discards an edit the user has not saved.
+    test("Back onto Settings visited earlier in this page load does not re-render it", () => {
+        const views = reopenedOn("main", []);
+        pushCurrentView();
+        views.settings.show();
+        pushCurrentView();
+        views.settingsAddToken.show();
+        calls = [];
+        goBack();
+        expect(calls).toEqual([]);
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("settings");
+    });
+
+    // Home is the deliberate exception, unchanged from the popup's
+    // behaviour before the router existed: it re-renders on every Back so
+    // the wallet list reflects what changed while the user was away.
+    test("Back onto Home renders it again even when it is already on the page", () => {
+        const views = reopenedOn("main", []);
+        pushCurrentView();
+        views.addressDetail.show();
+        calls = [];
+        goBack();
+        expect(calls).toEqual(["main"]);
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("main");
+    });
+});

tests/backgroundApproval.test.js

@@ -8,22 +8,45 @@
 // already saw — which means the entry being present is not by itself proof
 // that no attempt is running. A second response carrying the same id (a
 // reloaded approval window re-rendering a live Approve button, a popup that
-// emits the message twice) must not start a second verify and broadcast: with
-// the ordinary dApp approval shape the page fixes no nonce, so two artifacts
-// signed at different nonces both verify, and the approved transfer would go
-// out twice.
+// emits the message twice) must not start a second verify and broadcast: the
+// same approved transaction signed twice verifies twice, and the transfer
+// would go out twice.
+//
+// It also covers what the approval is verified against. The approval now
+// carries the transaction the background populated and the screen displayed,
+// and the address that was active when it was raised — so a fee, a nonce or an
+// address that moved between approval and signing is refused rather than
+// signed.
 
-const { Wallet } = require("ethers");
+const { Network, Wallet } = require("ethers");
 
 const SIGNER_KEY =
     "0x59c6995e998f97a5a0044966f0945389dc9e86dae88c7a8412f4603b6b78690d";
+const OTHER_KEY =
+    "0x5de4111afa1a4b94908f83103eb1f1706367c2e68ca870fc3fb9a804cdab365a";
 const signer = new Wallet(SIGNER_KEY);
+const other = new Wallet(OTHER_KEY);
 const RECIPIENT = "0x66133E8ea0f5D1d612D2502a968757D1048c214a";
 
 const ORIGIN = "https://dapp.example";
 const HOSTNAME = "dapp.example";
 const EXT_URL = "chrome-extension://autistmask/";
 
+// An origin the persisted state has never allowed, so asking to connect from
+// it raises a prompt rather than being answered from allowedSites.
+const FRESH_ORIGIN = "https://fresh.example";
+
+// The approval id in the most recent popup URL of a list, or null when none
+// of them carries one. Takes both shapes: the absolute URL windows.create()
+// is given and the extension-relative one action.setPopup() is given.
+function approvalIdIn(urls) {
+    for (let i = urls.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+        if (!urls[i] || !urls[i].includes("?approval=")) continue;
+        return new URL(urls[i], EXT_URL).searchParams.get("approval");
+    }
+    return null;
+}
+
 // What the dApp asks for: no nonce, no gas, no fees. This is the shape that
 // makes a duplicate broadcast possible at all.
 const TX_PARAMS = {
@@ -33,9 +56,16 @@ const TX_PARAMS = {
     data: "0x",
 };
 
-// The fields the popup's populateTransaction() would fill in. The nonce is a
-// parameter because the duplicate case turns on the two artifacts differing
-// in exactly the field nothing constrains.
+// The nonce the stubbed node reports, and so the nonce the background
+// populates the approval with.
+const NONCE = 7;
+
+// "Hello AutistMask" as the hex string a dApp passes to personal_sign.
+const MESSAGE = "0x48656c6c6f204175746973744d61736b";
+
+// The transaction the background populates and the approval screen displays.
+// The nonce is a parameter because the duplicate case turns on two artifacts
+// differing in a field the dApp fixed nothing for.
 function populated(nonce) {
     return {
         type: 2,
@@ -50,8 +80,26 @@ function populated(nonce) {
     };
 }
 
-function signedAtNonce(nonce) {
-    return signer.signTransaction(populated(nonce));
+function signedAtNonce(nonce, withWallet) {
+    return (withWallet || signer).signTransaction(populated(nonce));
+}
+
+// The node the background populates against. Its answers are the numbers the
+// approval screen shows, so they are also the numbers every artifact below is
+// signed at.
+function fakeProvider(broadcastTransaction, overrides) {
+    return {
+        broadcastTransaction,
+        getNetwork: async () => Network.from(1),
+        getTransactionCount: async () => NONCE,
+        estimateGas: async () => 100000n,
+        getFeeData: async () => ({
+            gasPrice: 2000000000n,
+            maxFeePerGas: 2000000000n,
+            maxPriorityFeePerGas: 1000000000n,
+        }),
+        ...(overrides || {}),
+    };
 }
 
 // A promise whose settlement the test controls, so a broadcast can be held in
@@ -85,7 +133,7 @@ function loadBackground(options) {
         currentNetwork: () => ({ chainId: "0x1" }),
     }));
     jest.doMock("../src/shared/balances", () => ({
-        getProvider: () => ({ broadcastTransaction }),
+        getProvider: () => fakeProvider(broadcastTransaction, opts.provider),
         refreshBalances: jest.fn(async () => {}),
     }));
     jest.doMock("../src/shared/phishingDomains", () => ({
@@ -113,8 +161,13 @@ function loadBackground(options) {
 
     let messageListener = null;
     let windowRemovedListener = null;
+    let connectListener = null;
     const created = [];
     const removed = [];
+    // Every URL the background put on the browser action. A site approval
+    // raised through action.openPopup() opens no window at all, so this is
+    // the only place its id appears.
+    const actionPopups = [];
 
     global.chrome = {
         storage: {
@@ -130,7 +183,14 @@ function loadBackground(options) {
                     messageListener = fn;
                 },
             },
-            onConnect: { addListener: () => {} },
+            // Captured, not swallowed: the approval port is what carries a
+            // site connection's decision and the popup teardown that races
+            // it, so a no-op stub here hides the whole subject of #275.
+            onConnect: {
+                addListener: (fn) => {
+                    connectListener = fn;
+                },
+            },
             lastError: null,
         },
         windows: {
@@ -156,7 +216,17 @@ function loadBackground(options) {
             query: (q, cb) => cb([]),
             sendMessage: () => {},
         },
-        action: { setPopup: () => {} },
+        action: {
+            setPopup: (o) => {
+                actionPopups.push(o.popup);
+            },
+            // The production route for a site connection. Present only when
+            // a test asks for it, because with it the prompt is the toolbar
+            // popup: no window is created, so windows.onRemoved can never
+            // fire for it and the port disconnect is the only close signal
+            // that exists.
+            ...(opts.actionPopup ? { openPopup: () => Promise.resolve() } : {}),
+        },
     };
 
     require("../src/background/index");
@@ -171,7 +241,7 @@ function loadBackground(options) {
 
     // Raise a pending transaction approval the way a dApp does, and dig the
     // approval id back out of the popup URL the background opened.
-    function requestTx() {
+    function requestTx(txParams) {
         let rpcResult = null;
         const sendResponse = jest.fn((r) => {
             rpcResult = r;
@@ -180,7 +250,7 @@ function loadBackground(options) {
             {
                 type: "AUTISTMASK_RPC",
                 method: "eth_sendTransaction",
-                params: [TX_PARAMS],
+                params: [txParams || TX_PARAMS],
             },
             { origin: ORIGIN },
             sendResponse,
@@ -191,6 +261,94 @@ function loadBackground(options) {
         };
     }
 
+    // The same for a message-signing approval, which pins the signing address
+    // at approval time in exactly the same way.
+    function requestSign(from) {
+        let rpcResult = null;
+        messageListener(
+            {
+                type: "AUTISTMASK_RPC",
+                method: "personal_sign",
+                params: [MESSAGE, from || signer.address],
+            },
+            { origin: ORIGIN },
+            (r) => {
+                rpcResult = r;
+            },
+        );
+        return {
+            id: () =>
+                new URL(created[created.length - 1].url).searchParams.get(
+                    "approval",
+                ),
+            result: () => rpcResult,
+        };
+    }
+
+    // A dApp asking to connect. The origin defaults to one the persisted
+    // state has never allowed, so the request really does raise a prompt
+    // instead of being answered from allowedSites.
+    function requestSite(origin) {
+        let rpcResult = null;
+        messageListener(
+            {
+                type: "AUTISTMASK_RPC",
+                method: "eth_requestAccounts",
+                params: [],
+            },
+            { origin: origin || FRESH_ORIGIN },
+            (r) => {
+                rpcResult = r;
+            },
+        );
+        return {
+            // Wherever the prompt went: the toolbar popup URL when
+            // action.openPopup() carried it, the created window otherwise.
+            id: () =>
+                approvalIdIn(actionPopups) ||
+                approvalIdIn(created.map((c) => c.url)),
+            result: () => rpcResult,
+        };
+    }
+
+    // The popup's approval port, as the browser delivers it. Messages posted
+    // on a port and that port's disconnect travel one channel in FIFO order,
+    // which is exactly the property the fix rests on, so this stub delivers
+    // them in the order the caller emits them and never reorders them.
+    function connectApproval(id, senderUrl) {
+        const onMessage = [];
+        const onDisconnect = [];
+        const port = {
+            name: "approval:" + id,
+            sender: {
+                url:
+                    senderUrl === undefined
+                        ? EXT_URL + "src/popup/index.html?approval=" + id
+                        : senderUrl,
+            },
+            onMessage: { addListener: (fn) => onMessage.push(fn) },
+            onDisconnect: { addListener: (fn) => onDisconnect.push(fn) },
+        };
+        connectListener(port);
+        return {
+            decide: (approved, remember) => {
+                for (const fn of onMessage) {
+                    fn(
+                        {
+                            type: "AUTISTMASK_APPROVAL_DECISION",
+                            approved,
+                            remember: !!remember,
+                        },
+                        port,
+                    );
+                }
+            },
+            disconnect: () => {
+                for (const fn of onDisconnect) fn(port);
+            },
+        };
+    }
+
     // The user closes the approval popup. `created` is index-aligned with the
     // ids the window stub hands back, so window 1 is the first popup opened.
     function closeWindow(windowId) {
@@ -200,18 +358,29 @@ function loadBackground(options) {
     return {
         send,
         requestTx,
+        requestSign,
+        requestSite,
+        connectApproval,
         closeWindow,
         broadcastTransaction,
         loadState,
         created,
         removed,
+        // The user switching account in the toolbar popup, as the background
+        // sees it: the persisted active address changes underneath a pending
+        // approval.
+        setActiveAddress: (address) => {
+            persisted.activeAddress = address;
+        },
         fromPopup: { url: EXT_URL + "src/popup/index.html" },
     };
 }
 
-// Let the handler's promise chain run to the next suspension point.
+// Let the handler's promise chain run to the next suspension point. Raising a
+// transaction approval now populates it against the node first, which is
+// several awaits deep before the window is opened.
 async function settle() {
-    for (let i = 0; i < 10; i++) await Promise.resolve();
+    for (let i = 0; i < 50; i++) await Promise.resolve();
 }
 
 afterEach(() => {
@@ -244,9 +413,11 @@ describe("one approval, one broadcast", () => {
         await settle();
         expect(bg.broadcastTransaction).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
 
-        // A reloaded approval window signs the same approval again. Nothing
-        // in the approval fixes a nonce, so this artifact verifies just as
-        // well as the first one.
+        // A reloaded approval window signs the same approval again, at another
+        // nonce. The claim is taken before anything is verified, so what this
+        // asserts is the interlock and not the nonce comparison: the refusal
+        // below is the claim's own message, which a verification failure does
+        // not produce.
         const second = bg.send(
             {
                 type: "AUTISTMASK_TX_RESPONSE",
@@ -376,6 +547,319 @@ describe("one approval, one broadcast", () => {
     });
 });
 
+// The approval carries the transaction the user was shown and the address it
+// was raised for, and the artifact is checked against both. Every case here is
+// one the old comparison — against the dApp's request, for the address that is
+// active now — would have broadcast.
+describe("what the approval is verified against", () => {
+    // The approval screen showed the populated fee. An artifact at ten times
+    // that fee, still far below the ceilings, is what the ceilings alone could
+    // not catch.
+    test("a fee differing from the displayed one is refused, not sent", async () => {
+        const bg = loadBackground();
+        const pending = bg.requestTx();
+        await settle();
+        const id = pending.id();
+
+        const raw = await signer.signTransaction({
+            ...populated(NONCE),
+            maxFeePerGas: 20000000000n,
+        });
+        const answer = bg.send(
+            {
+                type: "AUTISTMASK_TX_RESPONSE",
+                id,
+                approved: true,
+                rawSignedTx: raw,
+            },
+            { url: bg.fromPopup.url },
+        );
+        await settle();
+
+        expect(bg.broadcastTransaction).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+        expect(answer.sendResponse).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+            expect.objectContaining({
+                error: expect.stringMatching(/approved maximum fee per gas/),
+                retryable: false,
+                stage: "verify",
+            }),
+        );
+        expect(pending.result()).toEqual({
+            error: {
+                message: expect.stringMatching(/approved maximum fee per gas/),
+            },
+        });
+    });
+
+    test("a nonce differing from the displayed one is refused, not sent", async () => {
+        const bg = loadBackground();
+        const pending = bg.requestTx();
+        await settle();
+        const id = pending.id();
+
+        const answer = bg.send(
+            {
+                type: "AUTISTMASK_TX_RESPONSE",
+                id,
+                approved: true,
+                rawSignedTx: await signedAtNonce(NONCE + 1),
+            },
+            { url: bg.fromPopup.url },
+        );
+        await settle();
+
+        expect(bg.broadcastTransaction).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+        expect(answer.sendResponse).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+            expect.objectContaining({
+                error: expect.stringMatching(/approved nonce/),
+                retryable: false,
+                stage: "verify",
+            }),
+        );
+    });
+
+    // The address switch. The approval named one account; the wallet is on
+    // another by the time the artifact arrives. Both halves are covered: the
+    // popup signing as the account that is active now, and the popup correctly
+    // signing as the approved account while the wallet has moved on.
+    test("an artifact signed by the address that is active now is refused", async () => {
+        const bg = loadBackground();
+        const pending = bg.requestTx();
+        await settle();
+        const id = pending.id();
+
+        bg.setActiveAddress(other.address);
+        const answer = bg.send(
+            {
+                type: "AUTISTMASK_TX_RESPONSE",
+                id,
+                approved: true,
+                rawSignedTx: await signedAtNonce(NONCE, other),
+            },
+            { url: bg.fromPopup.url },
+        );
+        await settle();
+
+        expect(bg.broadcastTransaction).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+        expect(answer.sendResponse).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+            expect.objectContaining({ retryable: false, stage: "verify" }),
+        );
+        expect(pending.result()).toEqual({
+            error: { message: expect.stringMatching(/active address changed/) },
+        });
+    });
+
+    test("an address switch refuses even the correctly signed artifact", async () => {
+        const bg = loadBackground();
+        const pending = bg.requestTx();
+        await settle();
+        const id = pending.id();
+
+        bg.setActiveAddress(other.address);
+        const answer = bg.send(
+            {
+                type: "AUTISTMASK_TX_RESPONSE",
+                id,
+                approved: true,
+                rawSignedTx: await signedAtNonce(NONCE),
+            },
+            { url: bg.fromPopup.url },
+        );
+        await settle();
+
+        expect(bg.broadcastTransaction).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+        expect(answer.sendResponse).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+            expect.objectContaining({
+                error: expect.stringMatching(/active address changed/),
+                retryable: false,
+                stage: "verify",
+            }),
+        );
+        // A refusal, so the approval is spent: the same artifact offered again
+        // finds nothing to answer.
+        const retry = bg.send(
+            {
+                type: "AUTISTMASK_TX_RESPONSE",
+                id,
+                approved: true,
+                rawSignedTx: await signedAtNonce(NONCE),
+            },
+            { url: bg.fromPopup.url },
+        );
+        await settle();
+        expect(retry.sendResponse).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+        expect(bg.broadcastTransaction).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    test("a switch back to the approved address still sends", async () => {
+        const bg = loadBackground();
+        const pending = bg.requestTx();
+        await settle();
+        const id = pending.id();
+
+        bg.setActiveAddress(other.address);
+        bg.setActiveAddress(signer.address);
+        bg.broadcastTransaction.mockResolvedValue({ hash: "0xfeed" });
+        bg.send(
+            {
+                type: "AUTISTMASK_TX_RESPONSE",
+                id,
+                approved: true,
+                rawSignedTx: await signedAtNonce(NONCE),
+            },
+            { url: bg.fromPopup.url },
+        );
+        await settle();
+
+        expect(bg.broadcastTransaction).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+        expect(pending.result()).toEqual({ result: "0xfeed" });
+    });
+
+    // The popup is handed the populated transaction and the address it is for,
+    // and nothing else it would have to fetch or decide.
+    test("the popup is given the transaction it is to sign", async () => {
+        const bg = loadBackground();
+        const pending = bg.requestTx();
+        await settle();
+
+        const details = bg.send(
+            { type: "AUTISTMASK_GET_APPROVAL", id: pending.id() },
+            { url: bg.fromPopup.url },
+        );
+        const shown = details.sendResponse.mock.calls[0][0];
+        expect(shown.type).toBe("tx");
+        expect(shown.approvedFrom).toBe(signer.address);
+        expect(shown.approvedTx).toEqual({
+            type: 2,
+            from: signer.address,
+            chainId: "0x1",
+            nonce: "0x7",
+            gasLimit: "0x186a0",
+            maxFeePerGas: "0x77359400",
+            maxPriorityFeePerGas: "0x3b9aca00",
+            to: RECIPIENT,
+            value: TX_PARAMS.value,
+            data: "0x",
+            accessList: [],
+        });
+    });
+
+    // A request naming an account the wallet is not on is refused outright
+    // rather than signed as whichever account is active.
+    test("a request from another address raises no approval at all", async () => {
+        const bg = loadBackground();
+        const pending = bg.requestTx({ ...TX_PARAMS, from: other.address });
+        await settle();
+
+        expect(pending.result()).toEqual({
+            error: {
+                code: 4100,
+                message: expect.stringMatching(/not the active one/),
+            },
+        });
+        expect(bg.created).toEqual([]);
+    });
+
+    // Message signing pins the address the same way, and refuses the same way.
+    // A signature is not a transaction, but a permit signed by an account the
+    // approval did not name spends that account's tokens all the same.
+    test("a sign approval refuses a signature after an address switch", async () => {
+        const bg = loadBackground();
+        const pending = bg.requestSign();
+        await settle();
+
+        bg.setActiveAddress(other.address);
+        const answer = bg.send(
+            {
+                type: "AUTISTMASK_SIGN_RESPONSE",
+                id: pending.id(),
+                approved: true,
+                signature: await signer.signMessage(
+                    Buffer.from(MESSAGE.slice(2), "hex"),
+                ),
+            },
+            { url: bg.fromPopup.url },
+        );
+        await settle();
+
+        expect(answer.sendResponse).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+            expect.objectContaining({
+                error: expect.stringMatching(/active address changed/),
+                retryable: false,
+            }),
+        );
+        expect(pending.result()).toEqual({
+            error: { message: expect.stringMatching(/active address changed/) },
+        });
+    });
+
+    test("a sign request from another address raises no approval at all", async () => {
+        const bg = loadBackground();
+        const pending = bg.requestSign(other.address);
+        await settle();
+
+        expect(pending.result()).toEqual({
+            error: {
+                code: 4100,
+                message: expect.stringMatching(/not the active one/),
+            },
+        });
+        expect(bg.created).toEqual([]);
+    });
+
+    // Population is a network round trip with the user's hands free. An
+    // approval raised for the address that was active when it started could
+    // never be signed once the wallet has moved off it, so it is never raised.
+    test("an address switch during population raises no approval", async () => {
+        let bg;
+        bg = loadBackground({
+            provider: {
+                // The user switches account in the toolbar popup while the
+                // node is being asked for a gas estimate.
+                estimateGas: async () => {
+                    bg.setActiveAddress(other.address);
+                    return 100000n;
+                },
+            },
+        });
+        const pending = bg.requestTx();
+        await settle();
+
+        expect(pending.result()).toEqual({
+            error: {
+                message: expect.stringMatching(
+                    /active address changed while this transaction was being prepared/,
+                ),
+            },
+        });
+        expect(bg.created).toEqual([]);
+    });
+
+    // Population happens before the window exists, so its failure is a failure
+    // of the request: no approval, no window, and the error goes back to the
+    // page the click came from.
+    test("a transaction that cannot be prepared opens no window", async () => {
+        const bg = loadBackground({
+            provider: {
+                estimateGas: async () => {
+                    throw new Error("execution reverted");
+                },
+            },
+        });
+        const pending = bg.requestTx();
+        await settle();
+
+        expect(pending.result()).toEqual({
+            error: {
+                message: expect.stringMatching(
+                    /could not be prepared.*execution reverted/,
+                ),
+            },
+        });
+        expect(bg.created).toEqual([]);
+    });
+});
+
 // The interlock must not cost the retry the approval exists to allow.
 describe("the interlock releases a failed attempt", () => {
     test("a retryable failure before the broadcast leaves the approval usable", async () => {
@@ -677,3 +1161,136 @@ describe("popup-only messages", () => {
         });
     });
 });
+
+// A site connection decided in a popup that closes on the next line.
+//
+// The decision and the teardown are two events the popup emits back to back,
+// and the background must not be able to reach different outcomes depending on
+// which of them it processes first. It cannot, because they are now one
+// channel: the decision is posted on the approval port that the close then
+// disconnects, so it is delivered first. Every test here therefore emits the
+// close IMMEDIATELY after the decision, with nothing awaited in between —
+// which is what the popup does, and what used to report a user who approved as
+// having refused (#275).
+describe("a site connection decided as the popup closes", () => {
+    // The production route: chrome.action.openPopup() put the prompt in the
+    // toolbar popup, which is not a window, so nothing but the port
+    // disconnect can tell the background this prompt is gone.
+    test("approving in the toolbar popup connects the site", async () => {
+        const bg = loadBackground({ actionPopup: true });
+        const pending = bg.requestSite();
+        await settle();
+        const id = pending.id();
+        expect(id).toBeTruthy();
+        expect(bg.created).toHaveLength(0);
+
+        const port = bg.connectApproval(id);
+        port.decide(true, false);
+        port.disconnect();
+        await settle();
+
+        expect(pending.result()).toEqual({ result: [signer.address] });
+    });
+
+    test("closing the toolbar popup without deciding is a rejection", async () => {
+        const bg = loadBackground({ actionPopup: true });
+        const pending = bg.requestSite();
+        await settle();
+
+        const port = bg.connectApproval(pending.id());
+        port.disconnect();
+        await settle();
+
+        expect(pending.result()).toEqual({
+            error: { code: 4001, message: "User rejected the request." },
+        });
+    });
+
+    test("rejecting is a rejection, and the close that follows adds nothing", async () => {
+        const bg = loadBackground({ actionPopup: true });
+        const pending = bg.requestSite();
+        await settle();
+
+        const port = bg.connectApproval(pending.id());
+        port.decide(false, false);
+        port.disconnect();
+        await settle();
+
+        expect(pending.result()).toEqual({
+            error: { code: 4001, message: "User rejected the request." },
+        });
+    });
+
+    // The port carries a decision now, so it carries the sender check the
+    // one-off message used to carry. A content script that guessed an
+    // approval id must not be able to connect the site it is running on.
+    test("a decision from a page sender is ignored, and the close rejects", async () => {
+        const bg = loadBackground({ actionPopup: true });
+        const pending = bg.requestSite();
+        await settle();
+
+        const port = bg.connectApproval(pending.id(), FRESH_ORIGIN + "/x.html");
+        port.decide(true, true);
+        await settle();
+        expect(pending.result()).toBeNull();
+
+        port.disconnect();
+        await settle();
+        expect(pending.result()).toEqual({
+            error: { code: 4001, message: "User rejected the request." },
+        });
+    });
+
+    // The fallback shape, where openPopup() is unavailable and the prompt is
+    // a window the extension opened. Closing it fires windows.onRemoved as
+    // well, on a channel of its own that is ordered against nothing — so the
+    // window event must not be allowed to decide a site approval either.
+    test("approving in the fallback window survives the window event too", async () => {
+        const bg = loadBackground();
+        const pending = bg.requestSite();
+        await settle();
+        expect(bg.created).toHaveLength(1);
+
+        const port = bg.connectApproval(pending.id());
+        port.decide(true, false);
+        bg.closeWindow(1);
+        port.disconnect();
+        await settle();
+
+        expect(pending.result()).toEqual({ result: [signer.address] });
+    });
+
+    // Same shape, and the same window event arriving before the popup has
+    // said anything at all — which is a user closing the window rather than
+    // deciding, and still has to reach the dApp as a rejection.
+    test("closing the fallback window without deciding is a rejection", async () => {
+        const bg = loadBackground();
+        const pending = bg.requestSite();
+        await settle();
+
+        const port = bg.connectApproval(pending.id());
+        bg.closeWindow(1);
+        port.disconnect();
+        await settle();
+
+        expect(pending.result()).toEqual({
+            error: { code: 4001, message: "User rejected the request." },
+        });
+    });
+
+    // The net under the paragraph above: a prompt whose page never got as far
+    // as connecting the port has no disconnect to reject it, so the window
+    // event has to. Otherwise the dApp waits forever on a window that is gone.
+    test("a window that closes before its popup ever connected still rejects", async () => {
+        const bg = loadBackground();
+        const pending = bg.requestSite();
+        await settle();
+
+        bg.closeWindow(1);
+        await settle();
+
+        expect(pending.result()).toEqual({
+            error: { code: 4001, message: "User rejected the request." },
+        });
+    });
+});

tests/deleteAddress.test.js

@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+// Tests for the copy on the address-removal confirmation (issue #162).
+//
+// The screen's whole job is to warn before a destructive-looking action, so
+// the copy is the substance and is tested as such. Two things it must not
+// get wrong: what it takes to get the address back — the app refuses both
+// obvious routes — and what counts as holding something, which is any
+// ERC-20 as well as ETH, at any size, including a balance that rounds to
+// zero at the four decimals the balance lines render. The DOM behaviour
+// around them is driven against the real popup by tests/e2e/run.js.
+
+// helpers.js pulls in state.js, which reads chrome.storage.local at load.
+globalThis.chrome = {
+    storage: { local: { get: async () => ({}), set: async () => {} } },
+};
+
+const { addressHoldsFunds } = require("../src/popup/views/helpers");
+const {
+    recoveryPathText,
+    balanceWarningHtml,
+} = require("../src/popup/views/deleteAddress");
+const { prices, clearPrices } = require("../src/shared/prices");
+
+const USDC = "0xa0b86991c6218b36c1d19d4a2e9eb0ce3606eb48";
+
+const EMPTY = { address: "0x1", balance: "0.0000", tokenBalances: [] };
+const ETH_ONLY = { address: "0x1", balance: "1.5", tokenBalances: [] };
+const DUST = { address: "0x1", balance: "0.00001", tokenBalances: [] };
+const TOKEN_ONLY = {
+    address: "0x1",
+    balance: "0.0000",
+    tokenBalances: [{ address: USDC, symbol: "USDC", balance: "2500.0" }],
+};
+const ZERO_TOKEN = {
+    address: "0x1",
+    balance: "0",
+    tokenBalances: [{ address: USDC, symbol: "USDC", balance: "0" }],
+};
+
+afterEach(() => {
+    clearPrices();
+});
+
+describe("what the screen says it takes to get the address back", () => {
+    // The screen used to promise the address "can be brought back at any
+    // time by importing this wallet's recovery phrase again". That import is
+    // refused as a duplicate for as long as the wallet is present, which it
+    // always is here — a wallet never gives up its last address.
+    test("it does not promise a re-import while the wallet is here", () => {
+        const text = recoveryPathText({ type: "hd" });
+        expect(text).not.toMatch(/at any time/);
+        expect(text).toContain("is refused while this wallet is still here");
+    });
+
+    test("it names deleting the whole wallet as the route back", () => {
+        expect(recoveryPathText({ type: "hd" })).toContain(
+            "delete the whole wallet in Settings",
+        );
+    });
+
+    // The scan after a re-import finds used addresses only, so an address
+    // that never saw a transaction does not come back at all. Saying so is
+    // the difference between a warning and a false reassurance.
+    test("it states the limit: only on-chain activity is found", () => {
+        const text = recoveryPathText({ type: "hd" });
+        expect(text).toContain("only finds addresses that have on-chain");
+        expect(text).toContain("never been used is not found by it");
+    });
+
+    // The screen is offered on xprv wallets too, and an xprv wallet holds no
+    // recovery phrase — telling its owner to import one would send them
+    // looking for words that do not exist.
+    test("an xprv wallet is told about its extended private key", () => {
+        const text = recoveryPathText({ type: "xprv" });
+        expect(text).toContain("extended private key");
+        expect(text).not.toContain("recovery phrase");
+    });
+
+    test("an HD wallet is told about its recovery phrase", () => {
+        const text = recoveryPathText({ type: "hd" });
+        expect(text).toContain("recovery phrase");
+        expect(text).not.toContain("extended private key");
+    });
+});
+
+describe("whether an address holds anything", () => {
+    test("ETH counts", () => {
+        expect(addressHoldsFunds(ETH_ONLY)).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    // The case that decides the screen: no ETH at all, and $2500 of a
+    // stablecoin sitting at the address.
+    test("an ERC-20 balance counts even with no ETH", () => {
+        expect(addressHoldsFunds(TOKEN_ONLY)).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    // 0.00001 ETH renders as "0.0000" at four decimals. It is still money.
+    test("an ETH balance below the displayed precision counts", () => {
+        expect(addressHoldsFunds(DUST)).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    test("an address holding nothing does not", () => {
+        expect(addressHoldsFunds(EMPTY)).toBe(false);
+        expect(addressHoldsFunds(ZERO_TOKEN)).toBe(false);
+    });
+
+    test("a missing address or missing fields do not", () => {
+        expect(addressHoldsFunds(undefined)).toBe(false);
+        expect(addressHoldsFunds({ address: "0x1" })).toBe(false);
+    });
+});
+
+describe("the balance warning on the removal confirmation", () => {
+    test("an address holding nothing gets a blank line, not a warning", () => {
+        expect(balanceWarningHtml(EMPTY)).toBe(" ");
+        expect(balanceWarningHtml(ZERO_TOKEN)).toBe(" ");
+    });
+
+    test("an ERC-20-only address is warned about, and its token listed", () => {
+        const html = balanceWarningHtml(TOKEN_ONLY);
+        expect(html).toContain("This address holds a balance.");
+        expect(html).toContain("does not move or spend anything");
+        expect(html).toContain("USDC");
+        expect(html).toContain("2500.0000");
+    });
+
+    // The rendered line says 0.0000 for this address — that is the display
+    // format, shared with Home and AddressDetail — and the warning is shown
+    // all the same, because the balance is not zero.
+    test("an ETH balance that renders as 0.0000 is warned about", () => {
+        const html = balanceWarningHtml(DUST);
+        expect(html).toContain("This address holds a balance.");
+        expect(html).toContain("<span>0.0000</span>");
+    });
+
+    // The sentence must not assert an amount, because any amount it could
+    // assert has been rounded: "This address holds 0.0000 ETH." is what the
+    // rounded form produces for an address that holds real money.
+    test("the warning sentence asserts no rounded amount", () => {
+        for (const addr of [DUST, ETH_ONLY, TOKEN_ONLY]) {
+            expect(balanceWarningHtml(addr)).not.toMatch(
+                /holds [\d.]+ (ETH|USDC)/,
+            );
+        }
+    });
+
+    test("the USD total is shown when prices are known", () => {
+        prices.ETH = 2000;
+        prices.USDC = 1;
+        expect(balanceWarningHtml(TOKEN_ONLY)).toContain("Total: $2,500.00");
+        expect(balanceWarningHtml(ETH_ONLY)).toContain("Total: $3,000.00");
+    });
+
+    // getAddressValueUsd() returns null on testnet and before the first
+    // price fetch. A "Total: $0.00" there would be a lie about the holdings.
+    test("no USD total is shown when prices are not known", () => {
+        expect(balanceWarningHtml(TOKEN_ONLY)).not.toContain("Total:");
+    });
+});

tests/dustThreshold.test.js

@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+// Tests for the dust threshold field in Settings (issue #233).
+//
+// Two halves: what the parse accepts, and what the settings view does with a
+// rejection. The view half runs against the real change handler with the DOM
+// helpers stubbed out, because the bug was not in the parse — it was that a
+// rejection said nothing.
+
+const {
+    DUST_THRESHOLD_MESSAGE,
+    parseDustThresholdGwei,
+} = require("../src/popup/dustThreshold");
+
+describe("parsing the dust threshold", () => {
+    test("accepts a whole number of gwei", () => {
+        expect(parseDustThresholdGwei("100000")).toBe(100000);
+        expect(parseDustThresholdGwei("1")).toBe(1);
+    });
+
+    // Zero is a real setting, not an empty field: it hides nothing.
+    test("accepts zero", () => {
+        expect(parseDustThresholdGwei("0")).toBe(0);
+    });
+
+    test("accepts surrounding whitespace", () => {
+        expect(parseDustThresholdGwei("  250  ")).toBe(250);
+    });
+
+    test("rejects an empty field", () => {
+        expect(parseDustThresholdGwei("")).toBe(null);
+        expect(parseDustThresholdGwei("   ")).toBe(null);
+    });
+
+    test("rejects a negative threshold", () => {
+        expect(parseDustThresholdGwei("-1")).toBe(null);
+    });
+
+    // parseInt used to read this as 1, which is not what was typed.
+    test("rejects a fractional value", () => {
+        expect(parseDustThresholdGwei("1.5")).toBe(null);
+        expect(parseDustThresholdGwei("1.0")).toBe(null);
+    });
+
+    // parseInt used to read this as 100. The unit is printed beside the
+    // field already.
+    test("rejects a value carrying its unit", () => {
+        expect(parseDustThresholdGwei("100 gwei")).toBe(null);
+    });
+
+    // Number() reads this as 16. Storing 16 for a field that was told to
+    // want a whole number of gwei would be the same silent substitution the
+    // message exists to end.
+    test("rejects hex notation", () => {
+        expect(parseDustThresholdGwei("0x10")).toBe(null);
+    });
+
+    // Number() reads this as 1000.
+    test("rejects exponent notation", () => {
+        expect(parseDustThresholdGwei("1e3")).toBe(null);
+    });
+
+    test("rejects other non-numeric input", () => {
+        expect(parseDustThresholdGwei("lots")).toBe(null);
+        expect(parseDustThresholdGwei("+5")).toBe(null);
+        expect(parseDustThresholdGwei("Infinity")).toBe(null);
+        expect(parseDustThresholdGwei(undefined)).toBe(null);
+        expect(parseDustThresholdGwei(5)).toBe(null);
+    });
+
+    // Beyond 2^53 the digits would round on the way in, so the stored
+    // threshold would not be the one typed.
+    test("rejects a value too large to hold exactly", () => {
+        expect(parseDustThresholdGwei("9007199254740993")).toBe(null);
+    });
+});
+
+describe("the rejection message", () => {
+    // README, Language & Labeling: error messages are full sentences.
+    test("is a full sentence naming the constraint", () => {
+        expect(DUST_THRESHOLD_MESSAGE).toMatch(/^[A-Z].*\.$/);
+        expect(DUST_THRESHOLD_MESSAGE).toContain("whole number of gwei");
+        expect(DUST_THRESHOLD_MESSAGE).toContain("zero or greater");
+    });
+});
+
+describe("the flash line the message is shown in", () => {
+    const fs = require("fs");
+    const path = require("path");
+
+    const POPUP_HTML = fs.readFileSync(
+        path.join(__dirname, "..", "src", "popup", "index.html"),
+        "utf8",
+    );
+
+    // This asserts only that the reservation exists in the markup. It does
+    // NOT and CANNOT assert that the message fits inside it: jest runs on
+    // the node environment here, with no layout engine, so every rendered
+    // height is zero. An earlier version of this block claimed to pin the
+    // No Layout Shift policy with this regex, and it passed at any message
+    // length, including one that wrapped to two lines and pushed the
+    // settings view down 12px.
+    //
+    // The assertion that actually measures — empty line vs. the message,
+    // real Chromium, documented 360x600 popup — is
+    // "a rejected dust threshold shifts no layout (#233)" in
+    // tests/e2e/run.js, run by make test-e2e. It is not in make check
+    // because REPO_POLICIES.md caps make test at 20 seconds and a browser
+    // suite does not fit; run it before changing the wording.
+    test("reserves its height in the markup", () => {
+        const flashLine = POPUP_HTML.match(
+            /<div\s+id="flash-msg"\s+class="([^"]*)"/,
+        );
+        expect(flashLine).not.toBeNull();
+        expect(flashLine[1]).toMatch(/min-h-\[/);
+    });
+});
+
+describe("the settings view on a change to the field", () => {
+    let elements;
+    let flashes;
+    let saves;
+    let state;
+
+    // A stand-in for one DOM node: enough of an element for init() to set
+    // properties on it and hang listeners off it.
+    function fakeElement() {
+        return {
+            value: "",
+            checked: false,
+            textContent: "",
+            href: "",
+            style: {},
+            dataset: {},
+            classList: { add() {}, remove() {} },
+            listeners: {},
+            addEventListener(event, handler) {
+                this.listeners[event] = handler;
+            },
+            querySelectorAll: () => [],
+        };
+    }
+
+    function loadSettingsView() {
+        elements = {};
+        flashes = [];
+        saves = 0;
+
+        jest.resetModules();
+
+        jest.doMock("../src/popup/views/helpers", () => ({
+            $: (id) => (elements[id] ||= fakeElement()),
+            showView: () => {},
+            updateDebugBanner: () => {},
+            showFlash: (msg) => flashes.push(msg),
+            escapeHtml: (s) => s,
+            flashCopyFeedback: () => {},
+            goBack: () => {},
+            pushCurrentView: () => {},
+            onViewLeave: () => {},
+            VIEWS: [],
+        }));
+
+        state = require("../src/shared/state").state;
+        state.dustThresholdGwei = 100000;
+
+        const settings = require("../src/popup/views/settings");
+        settings.init({});
+        return elements["settings-dust-threshold"];
+    }
+
+    beforeEach(() => {
+        globalThis.chrome = {
+            runtime: { sendMessage: () => {} },
+            storage: {
+                local: {
+                    get: async () => ({}),
+                    set: async () => {
+                        saves++;
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+        };
+    });
+
+    afterEach(() => {
+        jest.dontMock("../src/popup/views/helpers");
+        delete globalThis.chrome;
+    });
+
+    async function change(field, typed) {
+        field.value = typed;
+        await field.listeners.change();
+    }
+
+    test("a valid value is stored and says nothing", async () => {
+        const field = loadSettingsView();
+
+        await change(field, "250");
+
+        expect(state.dustThresholdGwei).toBe(250);
+        expect(field.value).toBe(250);
+        expect(flashes).toEqual([]);
+        expect(saves).toBe(1);
+    });
+
+    test("a rejected value shows the message and is not stored", async () => {
+        const field = loadSettingsView();
+
+        await change(field, "1.5");
+
+        expect(state.dustThresholdGwei).toBe(100000);
+        expect(flashes).toEqual([DUST_THRESHOLD_MESSAGE]);
+        expect(saves).toBe(0);
+    });
+
+    // The snap-back is the behaviour the message explains, so it stays.
+    test("a rejected value still resyncs the field to what is stored", async () => {
+        const field = loadSettingsView();
+
+        await change(field, "100 gwei");
+
+        expect(field.value).toBe(100000);
+    });
+
+    test("every rejected notation gets the same one message", async () => {
+        for (const typed of ["", "-1", "1.5", "100 gwei", "0x10", "1e3"]) {
+            const field = loadSettingsView();
+
+            await change(field, typed);
+
+            expect(flashes).toEqual([DUST_THRESHOLD_MESSAGE]);
+            expect(state.dustThresholdGwei).toBe(100000);
+        }
+    });
+
+    test("zero is accepted, not treated as an empty field", async () => {
+        const field = loadSettingsView();
+
+        await change(field, "0");
+
+        expect(state.dustThresholdGwei).toBe(0);
+        expect(flashes).toEqual([]);
+    });
+});

tests/e2e/firefox/Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+# Firefox end-to-end image: stock Firefox plus geckodriver on a node base,
+# built by script/test-e2e-firefox. The repo is bind-mounted at /work; the
+# harness itself has no dependencies, so nothing is installed for it.
+#
+# All three external artifacts are pinned by digest. The Firefox version in
+# particular must not float: -remote-allow-system-access is mandatory on 153
+# and was not on 142, so the flag the harness passes is version-coupled.
+
+# node:22-bookworm-slim, 2026-08-12
+FROM node@sha256:d649c27dae7ba0137b3cef5dd75baa422c08dc3d9e3fc0c23dfb172dc3cc6436
+
+ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
+
+# Firefox's shared-library dependencies on a slim base, plus the two tools
+# needed to fetch and unpack the pinned tarballs.
+RUN apt-get update \
+    && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
+        ca-certificates \
+        curl \
+        libasound2 \
+        libdbus-glib-1-2 \
+        libgtk-3-0 \
+        libx11-xcb1 \
+        libxt6 \
+        libxtst6 \
+        xz-utils \
+    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+
+# Firefox 153.0.3, linux-x86_64, en-US
+ARG FIREFOX_URL=https://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/firefox/releases/153.0.3/linux-x86_64/en-US/firefox-153.0.3.tar.xz
+ARG FIREFOX_SHA256=22b312280900bfb174b685ece32c7b3c6d72e7f8e53d6d30f21ac41a8dc500a2
+RUN curl -fsSL -o /tmp/firefox.tar.xz "$FIREFOX_URL" \
+    && echo "$FIREFOX_SHA256  /tmp/firefox.tar.xz" | sha256sum -c - \
+    && tar -xJf /tmp/firefox.tar.xz -C /opt \
+    && rm /tmp/firefox.tar.xz \
+    && /opt/firefox/firefox --version
+
+# geckodriver v0.36.0, linux64
+ARG GECKODRIVER_URL=https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases/download/v0.36.0/geckodriver-v0.36.0-linux64.tar.gz
+ARG GECKODRIVER_SHA256=0bde38707eb0a686a20c6bd50f4adcc7d60d4f73c60eb83ee9e0db8f65823e04
+RUN curl -fsSL -o /tmp/geckodriver.tar.gz "$GECKODRIVER_URL" \
+    && echo "$GECKODRIVER_SHA256  /tmp/geckodriver.tar.gz" | sha256sum -c - \
+    && tar -xzf /tmp/geckodriver.tar.gz -C /usr/local/bin \
+    && rm /tmp/geckodriver.tar.gz \
+    && geckodriver --version
+
+ENV FIREFOX_BIN=/opt/firefox/firefox
+ENV GECKODRIVER=/usr/local/bin/geckodriver
+
+WORKDIR /work
+CMD ["node", "tests/e2e/firefox/run.js", "dist/firefox"]

tests/e2e/firefox/driver.js

@@ -0,0 +1,464 @@
+// A minimal WebDriver client for geckodriver, plus the privileged console
+// reader the error assertions are built on. No npm dependencies: global
+// fetch and child_process against geckodriver's HTTP API is less code than
+// a driver library and keeps the harness at zero packages.
+//
+// Run through script/test-e2e-firefox, which builds dist/firefox/ and the
+// pinned container around this. FIREFOX_BIN and GECKODRIVER locate the two
+// binaries; the image sets both.
+
+"use strict";
+
+const { spawn } = require("child_process");
+const net = require("net");
+
+const FIREFOX_BIN = process.env.FIREFOX_BIN || "firefox";
+const GECKODRIVER = process.env.GECKODRIVER || "geckodriver";
+
+// The extension id declared in manifest/firefox.json, and the uuid the
+// popup is served from. Firefox normally assigns that uuid randomly per
+// profile, which would make the popup URL undiscoverable without querying
+// privileged state; setting extensions.webextensions.uuids before launch
+// pins it instead. This only works because the manifest declares a fixed
+// browser_specific_settings.gecko.id — without one the mapping has no key.
+const EXTENSION_ID = "autistmask@sneak.berlin";
+const EXTENSION_UUID = "aaaaaaaa-bbbb-cccc-dddd-eeeeeeeeeeee";
+const EXTENSION_ORIGIN = "moz-extension://" + EXTENSION_UUID;
+
+// The W3C web element identifier. Getting the last character wrong yields
+// an element reference of "undefined" and a bewildering "element with the
+// reference undefined is not known" from geckodriver, so findElement()
+// below checks for the key rather than indexing blindly.
+const WEB_ELEMENT_KEY = "element-6066-11e4-a52e-4f735466cecf";
+
+const SCRIPT_TIMEOUT_MS = 120000;
+const DEFAULT_WAIT_MS = 20000;
+const POLL_INTERVAL_MS = 100;
+
+function sleep(ms) {
+    return new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, ms));
+}
+
+// An ephemeral port picked by the kernel, then handed to geckodriver.
+// There is a race between closing this listener and geckodriver binding,
+// but this host runs many sessions at once and a fixed 4444 is a
+// guaranteed collision rather than a possible one.
+function freePort() {
+    return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+        const srv = net.createServer();
+        srv.on("error", reject);
+        srv.listen(0, "127.0.0.1", () => {
+            const { port } = srv.address();
+            srv.close(() => resolve(port));
+        });
+    });
+}
+
+class WebDriverError extends Error {
+    constructor(command, body) {
+        const v = (body && body.value) || {};
+        super(
+            command +
+                " failed: " +
+                (v.error || "unknown error") +
+                ": " +
+                (v.message || JSON.stringify(body)),
+        );
+        this.name = "WebDriverError";
+        this.error = v.error;
+    }
+}
+
+class Driver {
+    constructor(proc, base) {
+        this.proc = proc;
+        this.base = base;
+        this.sessionId = null;
+        this.context = "content";
+    }
+
+    async send(method, path, body) {
+        const url = this.base + path;
+        const res = await fetch(url, {
+            method,
+            headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
+            body: body === undefined ? undefined : JSON.stringify(body),
+        });
+        const text = await res.text();
+        let parsed;
+        try {
+            parsed = JSON.parse(text);
+        } catch (_) {
+            throw new Error(
+                method + " " + path + ": non-JSON response: " + text,
+            );
+        }
+        if (!res.ok) throw new WebDriverError(method + " " + path, parsed);
+        return parsed.value;
+    }
+
+    session(method, path, body) {
+        return this.send(method, "/session/" + this.sessionId + path, body);
+    }
+
+    // ------------------------------------------------------------ setup
+
+    async newSession() {
+        const prefs = {
+            // See EXTENSION_UUID above. The pref is a string pref whose
+            // value is itself JSON.
+            "extensions.webextensions.uuids": JSON.stringify({
+                [EXTENSION_ID]: EXTENSION_UUID,
+            }),
+        };
+
+        const value = await this.send("POST", "/session", {
+            capabilities: {
+                alwaysMatch: {
+                    browserName: "firefox",
+                    "moz:firefoxOptions": {
+                        binary: FIREFOX_BIN,
+                        args: [
+                            "-headless",
+                            // Mandatory on Firefox 153: without it,
+                            // navigating to moz-extension:// and running
+                            // chrome-context script both fail with
+                            // "unsupported operation".
+                            //
+                            // It grants the driver FULL CHROME PRIVILEGES
+                            // over this browser. Acceptable only because
+                            // the browser is a throwaway in a CI
+                            // container; never point a session with this
+                            // flag at anything you care about.
+                            "-remote-allow-system-access",
+                        ],
+                        prefs,
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+        });
+        this.sessionId = value.sessionId;
+        await this.session("POST", "/timeouts", { script: SCRIPT_TIMEOUT_MS });
+        return value;
+    }
+
+    // Installs the unpacked MV2 build straight from a directory.
+    // temporary:true bypasses signature checks, so no XPI and no signing
+    // are involved, and the add-on dies with the profile.
+    async installAddon(dir) {
+        return this.session("POST", "/moz/addon/install", {
+            path: dir,
+            temporary: true,
+        });
+    }
+
+    // Classic navigation on purpose. BiDi's browsingContext.navigate
+    // refuses moz-extension:// URLs outright.
+    async navigate(url) {
+        await this.session("POST", "/url", { url });
+    }
+
+    async quit() {
+        if (this.sessionId) {
+            await this.session("DELETE", "").catch(() => {});
+            this.sessionId = null;
+        }
+        this.proc.kill("SIGTERM");
+    }
+
+    // ---------------------------------------------------------- scripts
+
+    async setContext(context) {
+        if (this.context === context) return;
+        await this.session("POST", "/moz/context", { context });
+        this.context = context;
+    }
+
+    async execute(script, args = []) {
+        await this.setContext("content");
+        return this.session("POST", "/execute/sync", { script, args });
+    }
+
+    // Runs in the privileged chrome scope, where Services and Ci exist.
+    async executeChrome(script, args = []) {
+        await this.setContext("chrome");
+        try {
+            return await this.session("POST", "/execute/sync", {
+                script,
+                args,
+            });
+        } finally {
+            await this.setContext("content");
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ------------------------------------------------------- page waits
+
+    // Polls a content-context expression until it returns truthy. Every
+    // wait in the suite goes through here so a timeout always says which
+    // condition it was waiting on rather than "timed out".
+    async waitFor(what, script, args = [], timeout = DEFAULT_WAIT_MS) {
+        const deadline = Date.now() + timeout;
+        let last = null;
+        for (;;) {
+            try {
+                const v = await this.execute(script, args);
+                if (v) return v;
+                last = null;
+            } catch (e) {
+                // A navigation or view swap in flight makes execute
+                // throw; that is a not-yet, not a failure, until the
+                // deadline says otherwise.
+                last = e.message;
+            }
+            if (Date.now() >= deadline) {
+                throw new Error(
+                    "timed out after " +
+                        timeout +
+                        "ms waiting for " +
+                        what +
+                        (last ? " (last error: " + last + ")" : ""),
+                );
+            }
+            await sleep(POLL_INTERVAL_MS);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Shown means shown: in the popup a view is switched by toggling a
+    // "hidden" class, and an element that is present but collapsed is not
+    // the thing a test means by visible.
+    async waitVisible(selector, timeout = DEFAULT_WAIT_MS) {
+        return this.waitFor(
+            "selector " + selector + " to be visible",
+            `const el = document.querySelector(arguments[0]);
+             if (!el) return false;
+             const r = el.getBoundingClientRect();
+             return r.width > 0 && r.height > 0;`,
+            [selector],
+            timeout,
+        );
+    }
+
+    async isVisible(selector) {
+        return this.execute(
+            `const el = document.querySelector(arguments[0]);
+             if (!el) return false;
+             const r = el.getBoundingClientRect();
+             return r.width > 0 && r.height > 0;`,
+            [selector],
+        );
+    }
+
+    async count(selector) {
+        return this.execute(
+            "return document.querySelectorAll(arguments[0]).length;",
+            [selector],
+        );
+    }
+
+    async text(selector) {
+        return this.execute(
+            `const el = document.querySelector(arguments[0]);
+             return el ? el.textContent : null;`,
+            [selector],
+        );
+    }
+
+    async title() {
+        return this.session("GET", "/title");
+    }
+
+    // The id of the view element currently on top, which is what a
+    // failing step needs to report: "the screen did not change" is only
+    // useful if it says which screen it stayed on.
+    async currentView() {
+        return this.execute(
+            `const views = document.querySelectorAll('[id^="view-"]');
+             for (const v of views) {
+                 const r = v.getBoundingClientRect();
+                 if (r.width > 0 && r.height > 0) return v.id;
+             }
+             return null;`,
+        );
+    }
+
+    // ----------------------------------------------------- interactions
+
+    async findElement(selector) {
+        const value = await this.session("POST", "/element", {
+            using: "css selector",
+            value: selector,
+        });
+        const ref = value && value[WEB_ELEMENT_KEY];
+        if (typeof ref !== "string") {
+            throw new Error(
+                "no " +
+                    WEB_ELEMENT_KEY +
+                    " in the element response for " +
+                    selector +
+                    ": " +
+                    JSON.stringify(value),
+            );
+        }
+        return ref;
+    }
+
+    // Real WebDriver clicks and real key events rather than in-page
+    // .click() and value assignment: the popup's handlers are wired to
+    // events, and synthesising them from inside the page would test the
+    // harness's idea of the UI instead of the UI.
+    async click(selector) {
+        await this.waitVisible(selector);
+        const id = await this.findElement(selector);
+        await this.session("POST", "/element/" + id + "/click", {});
+    }
+
+    async fill(selector, value) {
+        await this.waitVisible(selector);
+        const id = await this.findElement(selector);
+        await this.session("POST", "/element/" + id + "/clear", {});
+        await this.session("POST", "/element/" + id + "/value", {
+            text: String(value),
+        });
+    }
+
+    async value(selector) {
+        return this.execute(
+            `const el = document.querySelector(arguments[0]);
+             return el ? el.value : null;`,
+            [selector],
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------- error capture
+
+// Uncaught errors from extension code, read out of the privileged console
+// service.
+//
+// This is not the obvious mechanism, and the obvious one does not work:
+// WebDriver BiDi's log.entryAdded delivers NOTHING for extension pages.
+// Verified on Firefox 142 and 153 against a same-session control — a plain
+// http:// page yields uncaught errors with stack traces, the
+// moz-extension:// popup yields zero events, because the remote agent
+// excludes extension browsing contexts from BiDi observation. A harness
+// built on Playwright-BiDi or Puppeteer-BiDi therefore sees nothing and
+// reports success. Do not "simplify" this back to BiDi.
+//
+// nsIConsoleService is not per-page: it also carries errors from the
+// background page, which BiDi would not have covered even if it worked.
+// Background-page capture is verified by probe — a throw at the top of
+// src/background/index.js, which kills the background page outright, fails
+// the run. Content-script errors should arrive by the same route, but that
+// is UNVERIFIED here and must not be claimed: the container runs with
+// --network none, so there is no http:// page for a content script to be
+// injected into and this suite never exercises one.
+//
+// Warnings are excluded so the semantics match Playwright's pageerror:
+// uncaught errors only.
+//
+// The read and the clear are ONE chrome script on purpose. Splitting them
+// into two round trips leaves a blind window between them in which an
+// error is logged into a buffer that is about to be discarded, and is
+// destroyed unread rather than deferred to the next drain. That was not
+// theoretical: with a separate reset() call, a probe of 100 sequenced
+// throws at 20ms spacing lost one of them outright.
+const DRAIN_ERRORS_SCRIPT = `
+    const origin = arguments[0];
+    const out = [];
+    for (const raw of Services.console.getMessageArray() || []) {
+        let e;
+        try {
+            e = raw.QueryInterface(Ci.nsIScriptError);
+        } catch (_) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (e.flags & Ci.nsIScriptError.warningFlag) continue;
+        const src = e.sourceName || "";
+        if (!src.startsWith(origin)) continue;
+        out.push({
+            msg: e.errorMessage,
+            src: src,
+            line: e.lineNumber,
+            cat: e.category,
+        });
+    }
+    Services.console.reset();
+    return out;
+`;
+
+class ConsoleErrors {
+    constructor(driver, originPrefix) {
+        this.driver = driver;
+        this.originPrefix = originPrefix;
+    }
+
+    // Everything logged since the last take, read and cleared atomically
+    // in a single chrome round trip. Poll-based, so an error is attributed
+    // to the step that was running when it was drained, not to the moment
+    // inside that step at which it happened — see the limitation note in
+    // run.js. An error that arrives mid-drain is not lost — it makes this
+    // batch or the next one — but the console service ring buffer holds
+    // only 250 messages, so more than that between two takes evicts the
+    // oldest unread. A clean run peaks at 4.
+    async take() {
+        const found = await this.driver.executeChrome(DRAIN_ERRORS_SCRIPT, [
+            this.originPrefix,
+        ]);
+        return found || [];
+    }
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------- startup
+
+async function waitForDriverReady(base, timeoutMs) {
+    const deadline = Date.now() + timeoutMs;
+    for (;;) {
+        try {
+            const res = await fetch(base + "/status");
+            if (res.ok) {
+                const body = await res.json();
+                if (body && body.value && body.value.ready !== false) return;
+            }
+        } catch (_) {
+            // not listening yet
+        }
+        if (Date.now() >= deadline) {
+            throw new Error(
+                "geckodriver did not become ready within " + timeoutMs + "ms",
+            );
+        }
+        await sleep(POLL_INTERVAL_MS);
+    }
+}
+
+async function start() {
+    const port = await freePort();
+    const proc = spawn(
+        GECKODRIVER,
+        ["--port", String(port), "--host", "127.0.0.1"],
+        { stdio: ["ignore", "inherit", "inherit"] },
+    );
+    proc.on("error", (e) => {
+        console.error("geckodriver failed to spawn: " + e.message);
+    });
+
+    const base = "http://127.0.0.1:" + port;
+    try {
+        await waitForDriverReady(base, 30000);
+    } catch (e) {
+        proc.kill("SIGKILL");
+        throw e;
+    }
+    return new Driver(proc, base);
+}
+
+module.exports = {
+    ConsoleErrors,
+    Driver,
+    EXTENSION_ID,
+    EXTENSION_ORIGIN,
+    EXTENSION_UUID,
+    start,
+    sleep,
+};

tests/e2e/firefox/run.js

@@ -0,0 +1,288 @@
+// Firefox end-to-end suite: drives the real popup in a real Firefox with
+// the unpacked MV2 build installed as a temporary add-on, and fails the run
+// on any uncaught error coming from an extension source.
+//
+// Run via script/test-e2e-firefox, which builds dist/firefox/ and the pinned
+// container. The extension directory is the one argument.
+//
+//   node tests/e2e/firefox/run.js [dist/firefox]
+//
+// Deliberately not part of script/check, and deliberately not named
+// *.test.js: REPO_POLICIES.md caps make test at 20 seconds and a browser
+// suite does not fit.
+//
+// This shares no driver layer with the Chrome suite in tests/e2e/, and the
+// UI steps below are written twice on purpose. Chrome runs on Playwright,
+// which cannot see extension-page errors in Firefox at all (see the BiDi
+// note in driver.js), so the two backends have no common substrate to
+// abstract over. Three duplicated steps do not pay for a shim; revisit if
+// this suite grows to where they do.
+//
+// LIMITATION, and the difference from the Chrome suite worth knowing: error
+// capture here is POLL-BASED, not event-streamed. The console service is
+// drained at each step boundary, so an error is attributed to the step it
+// was drained after, never to a moment within that step. What is drained
+// covers the whole run from add-on install to the last drain below, which
+// lands ~1.5s after the last step returns (500ms settle + 1000ms sleep +
+// two drain round trips). That cut-off jitters run to run: three runs of
+// throws at fixed offsets reported everything to +1.5s and one of them
+// also +1.6s, and past it the browser is torn down first. Inside the
+// window there is no race — the drain reads and clears in one chrome
+// round trip — but there is a capacity limit: nsIConsoleService keeps
+// only the newest 250 messages, so 400 throws in one step report as
+// exactly 250. A clean run peaks at 4 of 250, so that is headroom today
+// and not a guarantee for a step that logs heavily. The Chrome harness
+// receives pageerror events as they happen and can say more. Do not read
+// a green Firefox run as the same claim.
+
+"use strict";
+
+const fs = require("fs");
+const path = require("path");
+
+const { ConsoleErrors, EXTENSION_ORIGIN, start, sleep } = require("./driver");
+
+const REPO_ROOT = path.resolve(__dirname, "..", "..", "..");
+const POPUP_URL = EXTENSION_ORIGIN + "/src/popup/index.html";
+const PASSWORD = "e2e-harness-password";
+
+// Firefox installs the add-on and starts its background page asynchronously
+// after the install call returns. Nothing observable marks the end of that,
+// so the popup's own first render is the signal we wait on instead.
+const STEP_TIMEOUT_MS = 120000;
+
+const steps = [];
+
+function step(name, fn) {
+    steps.push({ name, fn });
+}
+
+function assert(cond, message) {
+    if (!cond) throw new Error(message);
+}
+
+function withTimeout(promise, name) {
+    let timer;
+    const timeout = new Promise((_, reject) => {
+        timer = setTimeout(
+            () =>
+                reject(
+                    new Error(
+                        name + " timed out after " + STEP_TIMEOUT_MS + "ms",
+                    ),
+                ),
+            STEP_TIMEOUT_MS,
+        );
+    });
+    return Promise.race([promise, timeout]).finally(() => clearTimeout(timer));
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------- steps
+
+step("popup loads and reaches the welcome view", async (env) => {
+    const d = env.driver;
+    await d.navigate(POPUP_URL);
+    await d.waitVisible("#view-welcome", STEP_TIMEOUT_MS);
+    const title = await d.title();
+    assert(title === "AutistMask", "unexpected popup title: " + title);
+});
+
+step("wallet creation through the UI reaches the main view", async (env) => {
+    const d = env.driver;
+    await d.click("#btn-welcome-add");
+    await d.waitVisible("#view-add-wallet");
+    await d.click("#btn-generate-phrase");
+    await d.waitFor(
+        "a generated recovery phrase of at least 12 words",
+        `const el = document.getElementById("wallet-mnemonic");
+         return !!el && el.value.trim().split(/\\s+/).length >= 12;`,
+    );
+    env.phrase = (await d.value("#wallet-mnemonic")).trim();
+
+    await d.fill("#add-wallet-password", PASSWORD);
+    await d.fill("#add-wallet-password-confirm", PASSWORD);
+    await d.click("#btn-add-wallet-confirm");
+    // Argon2id under libsodium, for real, so this is the slow one.
+    await d.waitVisible("#view-main", STEP_TIMEOUT_MS);
+
+    assert(
+        env.phrase.split(/\s+/).length >= 12,
+        "wallet creation did not yield a recovery phrase",
+    );
+    const addrs = await d.count("#wallet-list .btn-addr-info");
+    assert(addrs > 0, "no addresses rendered in the wallet list");
+});
+
+step("add token screen opens from address detail", async (env) => {
+    const d = env.driver;
+    if (!(await d.isVisible("#view-address"))) {
+        await d.waitVisible("#view-main");
+        await d.click("#wallet-list .btn-addr-info");
+    }
+    await d.waitVisible("#view-address");
+
+    await d.click("#btn-add-token");
+    // Reported with the view it actually stayed on: a screen that does
+    // not change is the symptom a missing import produces, and naming
+    // the screen is what makes that diagnosable.
+    try {
+        await d.waitVisible("#view-add-token");
+    } catch (e) {
+        throw new Error(
+            e.message + "; current view is " + (await d.currentView()),
+        );
+    }
+
+    const picks = await d.count("#common-token-list .common-token");
+    assert(picks > 0, "no common-token quick-pick buttons rendered");
+});
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------- runner
+
+function formatError(e) {
+    return (
+        e.msg + " (" + e.src + ":" + e.line + (e.cat ? ", " + e.cat : "") + ")"
+    );
+}
+
+async function main() {
+    // A suite that runs nothing must never report success.
+    if (steps.length === 0) {
+        console.log("1..0");
+        console.log("# FAILED: the Firefox e2e suite registered no steps");
+        process.exitCode = 1;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    const extDir = path.resolve(REPO_ROOT, process.argv[2] || "dist/firefox");
+    if (!fs.existsSync(path.join(extDir, "manifest.json"))) {
+        console.error(
+            "e2e-firefox: no unpacked build at " +
+                extDir +
+                " — run make build first",
+        );
+        process.exitCode = 1;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    let driver;
+    try {
+        driver = await start();
+        await driver.newSession();
+        await driver.installAddon(extDir);
+    } catch (e) {
+        // A browser we cannot start is a failure of the suite, not an
+        // absent suite. Never skip and report success.
+        console.error("e2e-firefox: cannot run the suite: " + e.message);
+        if (driver) await driver.quit().catch(() => {});
+        process.exitCode = 1;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    const errors = new ConsoleErrors(driver, EXTENSION_ORIGIN);
+    const env = { driver, phrase: null };
+
+    console.log("# extension origin: " + EXTENSION_ORIGIN);
+    console.log("1.." + steps.length);
+
+    let failed = 0;
+    let n = 0;
+    try {
+        // Drain, never reset: anything the add-on logged while installing
+        // and starting its background page has no earlier step to belong
+        // to, so it is folded into step 1 below. Services.console.reset()
+        // here would DELETE it instead, and a background page that throws
+        // at the top of the file — a dead background page — would then
+        // produce a fully green run.
+        let installErrors = [];
+        let installFailure = null;
+        try {
+            installErrors = await errors.take();
+        } catch (e) {
+            installFailure =
+                "could not read the console after install: " + e.message;
+        }
+
+        for (const s of steps) {
+            n += 1;
+            let failure = null;
+            try {
+                await withTimeout(s.fn(env), s.name);
+            } catch (e) {
+                failure = e.message;
+            }
+
+            // Let anything the step provoked reach the console service
+            // before draining it. Without this a failure logged on the
+            // way out of the step lands in the next step's drain, which
+            // still fails the run but blames the wrong step.
+            await sleep(500);
+
+            let found = [];
+            try {
+                found = await errors.take();
+            } catch (e) {
+                failure = failure || "could not read the console: " + e.message;
+            }
+
+            if (n === 1) {
+                found = installErrors.concat(found);
+                installErrors = [];
+                failure = failure || installFailure;
+                installFailure = null;
+            }
+
+            // Any uncaught error from an extension source fails the step
+            // that provoked it, whether or not its assertions passed.
+            if (!failure && found.length > 0) {
+                failure =
+                    n === 1
+                        ? "uncaught extension errors during add-on install, " +
+                          "background startup or this step"
+                        : "uncaught extension errors during this step";
+            }
+
+            if (failure) {
+                failed += 1;
+                console.log("not ok " + n + " - " + s.name);
+                console.log("  " + failure);
+                for (const e of found) console.log("  " + formatError(e));
+            } else {
+                console.log("ok " + n + " - " + s.name);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // The tail: errors logged after the last step returned cannot be
+        // blamed on any one step, but they are still reported and they
+        // still fail the run.
+        await sleep(1000);
+        const trailing = await errors.take();
+        console.log(
+            "# " +
+                (steps.length - failed) +
+                "/" +
+                steps.length +
+                " steps passed",
+        );
+        if (trailing.length > 0) {
+            console.log(
+                "# " +
+                    trailing.length +
+                    " extension error(s) recorded after the last step, not " +
+                    "attributable to any single step:",
+            );
+            for (const e of trailing) console.log("#   " + formatError(e));
+        }
+        if (failed > 0 || trailing.length > 0) {
+            console.log("# FAILED");
+            process.exitCode = 1;
+        }
+    } finally {
+        await driver.quit().catch(() => {});
+    }
+}
+
+main().catch((e) => {
+    console.error("e2e-firefox: " + (e && e.stack ? e.stack : e));
+    process.exitCode = 1;
+});

tests/e2e/harness.js

@@ -53,15 +53,47 @@ function isAllowed(text) {
 // after that — the route handler and the console listeners are gone with
 // the context — so there is no post-teardown phase to collect, and this
 // class deliberately offers no mechanism pretending to cover one.
+//
+// One narrow exception exists, and it is not a mute: expect(). A test that
+// drives a failure path on purpose — a refused gas estimate, say — provokes
+// the console.error the code is supposed to emit, and that error is the
+// behaviour under test rather than an escape. Declaring it consumes exactly
+// one matching record and no more, and an expectation nothing matched fails
+// its test just as an unexpected error does. So it cannot be used to
+// silence anything: it can only assert that a specific error happened.
 class ErrorCollector {
     constructor() {
         this.entries = [];
         this.taken = 0;
+        this.expectations = [];
+    }
+
+    // Declare a console.error this test is about to cause deliberately.
+    // `label` names it in the failure message if it never arrives.
+    expect(label, pattern) {
+        this.expectations.push({ label, pattern, matched: false });
+    }
+
+    // Declared expectations that nothing matched, clearing the list so each
+    // test starts with none outstanding.
+    unmatchedExpectations() {
+        const out = this.expectations
+            .filter((e) => !e.matched)
+            .map((e) => e.label);
+        this.expectations = [];
+        return out;
     }
 
     record(kind, text) {
         const line = kind + ": " + String(text).split("\n")[0];
         if (isAllowed(line)) return;
+        const expected = this.expectations.find(
+            (e) => !e.matched && e.pattern.test(line),
+        );
+        if (expected) {
+            expected.matched = true;
+            return;
+        }
         this.entries.push(line);
     }
 
@@ -290,13 +322,18 @@ async function createWallet(page) {
     return phrase;
 }
 
-// Reach the address detail screen from wherever the popup restored to.
-// Clicking .address-row does not open it; the [info] button does.
+// Reach the address detail screen of the FIRST address of the first wallet,
+// from wherever the popup restored to. Clicking .address-row does not open
+// it; the [info] button does.
+//
+// .first() rather than a bare selector because the suite adds a second
+// wallet partway through, and every later test would otherwise die in
+// Playwright's strict mode rather than on an assertion.
 async function openAddressDetail(page) {
     const onAddress = await page.isVisible("#view-address");
     if (!onAddress) {
         await visible(page, "#view-main");
-        await page.click("#wallet-list .btn-addr-info");
+        await page.locator("#wallet-list .btn-addr-info").first().click();
     }
     await visible(page, "#view-address");
 }

tests/e2e/network.js

@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@
 
 "use strict";
 
+const { Transaction } = require("ethers");
+
 // Fictional ERC-20 used to seed the transaction-detail test. The symbol
 // must not collide with any entry in src/shared/tokenList.js, or
 // isSpoofedSymbol() in src/shared/transactions.js drops the transfer as a
@@ -53,18 +55,182 @@ const STUB_TX_TIMESTAMP = "2026-01-02T03:04:05.000000Z";
 // log.errorf(), i.e. console.error, which fails the run on its own.
 const ZERO_WORD = "0x" + "0".repeat(64);
 
+function hex(value) {
+    return "0x" + BigInt(value).toString(16);
+}
+
+// A bigint as a 32-byte ABI word.
+function word(value) {
+    return "0x" + BigInt(value).toString(16).padStart(64, "0");
+}
+
+// -------------------------------------------------------- dApp fixture
+//
+// The origin the EIP-1193 test page is served from, and the page itself.
+//
+// It is a fixture like every other one in this file: the route handler
+// fulfils the navigation from the string below, so the page never comes
+// from a remote origin and nothing about the dApp round trips leaves the
+// container. `.test` is reserved by RFC 6761 and has no owner to reach in
+// the first place; the launch arguments map every host to NOTFOUND anyway.
+//
+// What the page deliberately does NOT do is load a provider. window.ethereum
+// is put there by the shipped manifest's MAIN-world content script, exactly
+// as it is on any http(s) page a user visits, so what these tests speak to
+// is the real inpage provider and not a copy the harness wired up.
+const DAPP_ORIGIN = "https://dapp.e2e.test";
+const DAPP_URL = DAPP_ORIGIN + "/";
+
+// Requests are parked rather than awaited. An approval prompt only exists
+// while its call is in flight, so a test that awaited the promise could
+// never drive the popup that has to settle it; start() files the promise
+// under a key and settle() collects it once the prompt has been dealt with.
+//
+// The rejection branch records the whole observable shape of the error as it
+// arrives — name, message, and whether a `code` is present at all as distinct
+// from its value. EIP-1193 says a user rejection is a ProviderRpcError
+// carrying code 4001; what the page can actually see is recorded here rather
+// than assumed, and asserted in run.js.
+//
+// The message log is the page's half of the boundary observation: every
+// AUTISTMASK_* message that crosses between this page and the content
+// script, in both directions, verbatim.
+const DAPP_HTML = [
+    "<!doctype html>",
+    '<html lang="en">',
+    "<head>",
+    '<meta charset="utf-8">',
+    "<title>AutistMask e2e dApp</title>",
+    // Inline and empty: without it Chromium asks for /favicon.ico, which
+    // the unstubbed-request guard would report as escaping traffic.
+    '<link rel="icon" href="data:,">',
+    "</head>",
+    "<body>",
+    "<h1>AutistMask e2e dApp</h1>",
+    "<script>",
+    "window.__dapp = {",
+    "    messages: [],",
+    "    calls: {},",
+    "    start: function (key, method, params) {",
+    "        window.__dapp.calls[key] = window.ethereum",
+    "            .request({ method: method, params: params })",
+    "            .then(",
+    "                function (result) {",
+    "                    return { settled: 'resolved', result: result };",
+    "                },",
+    "                function (error) {",
+    "                    return {",
+    "                        settled: 'rejected',",
+    "                        message: String((error && error.message) || error),",
+    "                        name: error ? error.name : undefined,",
+    "                        hasCode: !!error && 'code' in Object(error),",
+    "                        code: error ? error.code : undefined,",
+    "                    };",
+    "                },",
+    "            );",
+    "    },",
+    "    settle: function (key) {",
+    "        return window.__dapp.calls[key];",
+    "    },",
+    "};",
+    "window.addEventListener('message', function (event) {",
+    "    if (event.source !== window) return;",
+    "    var d = event.data;",
+    "    if (!d || typeof d.type !== 'string') return;",
+    "    if (d.type.indexOf('AUTISTMASK') !== 0) return;",
+    "    window.__dapp.messages.push(d);",
+    "});",
+    "</script>",
+    "</body>",
+    "</html>",
+].join("\n");
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------ fee fixture
+//
+// The confirmation screen carries two different numbers for the same
+// transaction and may gate on only one of them:
+//
+//   reserve  = gasLimit * maxFeePerGas — what a node requires to be
+//              available for a type-2 transaction, and what the spend gate
+//              must use.
+//   estimate = gasLimit * gasPrice — what the transfer is expected to
+//              actually cost. Display only.
+//
+// Issue #154 was the gate reading the smaller of the two. ethers derives
+// maxFeePerGas as baseFeePerGas * 2 + maxPriorityFeePerGas, so the numbers
+// below put the reserve at very nearly twice the estimate. That gap is the
+// entire point of these values: it leaves room for a send that an
+// estimate-based gate accepts and a reserve-based gate refuses, which is
+// what lets the ConfirmTx tests tell the two apart at all. Collapse the gap
+// — by dropping baseFeePerGas from the block below, say — and those tests
+// go on passing while asserting nothing.
+const GAS_LIMIT = 21000n;
+const BASE_FEE_WEI = 100000000000n; // 100 gwei
+const PRIORITY_FEE_WEI = 1000000000n; // 1 gwei
+const GAS_PRICE_WEI = BASE_FEE_WEI + PRIORITY_FEE_WEI; // 101 gwei
+const MAX_FEE_WEI = BASE_FEE_WEI * 2n + PRIORITY_FEE_WEI; // 201 gwei
+
+const FEE_ESTIMATE_WEI = GAS_LIMIT * GAS_PRICE_WEI; // 0.002121 ETH
+const FEE_RESERVE_WEI = GAS_LIMIT * MAX_FEE_WEI; // 0.004221 ETH
+
 const RPC_RESULTS = {
     eth_chainId: "0x1",
     net_version: "1",
     eth_blockNumber: "0x1406f40",
     eth_getBalance: "0x0",
     eth_call: ZERO_WORD,
-    eth_gasPrice: "0x3b9aca00",
-    eth_estimateGas: "0x5208",
+    eth_getCode: "0x",
+    eth_gasPrice: hex(GAS_PRICE_WEI),
+    eth_estimateGas: hex(GAS_LIMIT),
     eth_getTransactionCount: "0x0",
-    eth_maxPriorityFeePerGas: "0x3b9aca00",
+    eth_maxPriorityFeePerGas: hex(PRIORITY_FEE_WEI),
+    // "not mined yet", which is what a node answers for a transaction it has
+    // only just accepted. The wait screen the dApp transaction approval hands
+    // off to polls this every 10 seconds; leaving it unstubbed would report
+    // the poll as escaping traffic the moment a test outlived one tick.
+    eth_getTransactionReceipt: null,
 };
 
+// The "latest" block, which ethers' getFeeData() reads baseFeePerGas from
+// to derive maxFeePerGas. Without it every fee is a legacy gasPrice, the
+// reserve and the estimate collapse to the same number, and the gate tests
+// stop being able to distinguish them.
+function latestBlock() {
+    return {
+        hash: "0x" + "11".repeat(32),
+        parentHash: "0x" + "22".repeat(32),
+        number: hex(STUB_BLOCK_NUMBER),
+        timestamp: hex(1767326645),
+        nonce: "0x0000000000000000",
+        difficulty: "0x0",
+        gasLimit: "0x1c9c380",
+        gasUsed: "0xf4240",
+        miner: STUB_COUNTERPARTY,
+        extraData: "0x",
+        baseFeePerGas: hex(BASE_FEE_WEI),
+        transactions: [],
+    };
+}
+
+// keccak("decimals()")[0:4].
+const SELECTOR_DECIMALS = "0x313ce567";
+
+// Every eth_call still answers with a zero word except decimals() on the
+// stub token. ethers reads that before it can encode an ERC-20 transfer,
+// and a zero there makes parseUnits() reject any fractional amount — so the
+// ERC-20 confirmation path would fail its gas estimate for a reason that
+// has nothing to do with what is being tested.
+function ethCallResult(req) {
+    const call = Array.isArray(req.params) ? req.params[0] : null;
+    if (!call || typeof call !== "object") return ZERO_WORD;
+    const data = String(call.data || call.input || "").toLowerCase();
+    const to = String(call.to || "").toLowerCase();
+    if (data.startsWith(SELECTOR_DECIMALS) && to === STUB_TOKEN.address) {
+        return word(STUB_TOKEN.decimals);
+    }
+    return ZERO_WORD;
+}
+
 function tokenObject() {
     return {
         address_hash: STUB_TOKEN.address,
@@ -92,6 +258,18 @@ function tokenTransferItems(address) {
     ];
 }
 
+// A holding of 1.5 E2E, in the shape src/shared/balances.js parses. Serving
+// this is what puts an ERC-20 in the send screen's token dropdown, which is
+// the only way the confirmation screen's ERC-20 path can be reached.
+function tokenBalanceItems() {
+    return [
+        {
+            value: "1500000",
+            token: tokenObject(),
+        },
+    ];
+}
+
 // Full details for STUB_TX_HASH. raw_input is "0x" so the calldata
 // decoder short-circuits; the on-chain detail fields still populate.
 function transactionDetails() {
@@ -121,7 +299,107 @@ function blockscoutAddress(pathname) {
     return m ? m[1] : null;
 }
 
-function handleRpc(route, postData, report) {
+function sleep(ms) {
+    return new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, ms));
+}
+
+// How long a deliberately held reply is allowed to stay held, and how often
+// the release flag is re-read while it is.
+const HOLD_POLL_MS = 25;
+const HOLD_MAX_MS = 30000;
+
+// Hold a gas estimate open for as long as the test asks.
+//
+// opts.holdGasEstimate is read here rather than captured, so a test flips it
+// on the same options object the route was registered with — the same
+// pattern as seedTokenTransfer. This is the only way to observe the
+// confirmation screen while its estimate is genuinely in flight; sampling
+// the screen and hoping to win a race against the network would assert
+// nothing on a slow machine.
+//
+// It never gives up quietly. A hold that outlives the bound is reported like
+// any other harness fault, because a "pending" state that stopped being
+// pending on its own is a green assertion about the wrong screen.
+async function awaitRelease(opts, report) {
+    const started = Date.now();
+    while (opts.holdGasEstimate) {
+        if (Date.now() - started > HOLD_MAX_MS) {
+            report(
+                "held gas estimate was never released after " +
+                    HOLD_MAX_MS +
+                    "ms",
+            );
+            return;
+        }
+        await sleep(HOLD_POLL_MS);
+    }
+}
+
+// One JSON-RPC reply. Methods whose answer depends on a fixture a test has
+// set, or on the call itself, are resolved here; every other method is a
+// constant in RPC_RESULTS.
+function rpcReply(req, opts, report) {
+    const envelope = { jsonrpc: "2.0", id: req.id };
+
+    if (req.method === "eth_getBalance") {
+        return Object.assign(envelope, {
+            result: opts.ethBalanceWei || RPC_RESULTS.eth_getBalance,
+        });
+    }
+    if (req.method === "eth_call") {
+        return Object.assign(envelope, { result: ethCallResult(req) });
+    }
+    if (req.method === "eth_getBlockByNumber") {
+        return Object.assign(envelope, { result: latestBlock() });
+    }
+    // The end of the dApp transaction round trip: the raw signed transaction
+    // the background hands to the node. It is recorded verbatim so a test can
+    // recover the signer from the exact bytes that were broadcast, rather than
+    // from anything the extension reported about them.
+    //
+    // The reply must be the transaction's real hash. ethers compares the hash
+    // the node returns against the one it computes itself and throws on a
+    // mismatch, so a constant here would fail the broadcast for a reason that
+    // has nothing to do with what is being tested.
+    if (req.method === "eth_sendRawTransaction") {
+        const raw = Array.isArray(req.params) ? req.params[0] : null;
+        let parsed;
+        try {
+            parsed = Transaction.from(raw);
+        } catch {
+            report("eth_sendRawTransaction with an undecodable transaction");
+            return Object.assign(envelope, {
+                error: { code: -32000, message: "undecodable transaction" },
+            });
+        }
+        if (Array.isArray(opts.broadcastTransactions)) {
+            opts.broadcastTransactions.push(raw);
+        }
+        return Object.assign(envelope, { result: parsed.hash });
+    }
+    if (req.method === "eth_estimateGas" && opts.failGasEstimate) {
+        // A refusal the node itself would produce, not a transport error:
+        // this is the shape the confirmation screen has to turn into
+        // "Unable to estimate" rather than into a fee of zero.
+        return Object.assign(envelope, {
+            error: {
+                code: -32000,
+                message: "e2e fixture: gas required exceeds allowance",
+            },
+        });
+    }
+
+    const result = RPC_RESULTS[req.method];
+    if (result === undefined) {
+        report("unstubbed RPC method: " + req.method);
+        return Object.assign(envelope, {
+            error: { code: -32601, message: "unstubbed in e2e harness" },
+        });
+    }
+    return Object.assign(envelope, { result });
+}
+
+async function handleRpc(route, postData, opts, report) {
     let payload;
     try {
         payload = JSON.parse(postData || "null");
@@ -132,34 +410,36 @@ function handleRpc(route, postData, report) {
     // ethers batches by default, so the body may be an array.
     const batch = Array.isArray(payload) ? payload : [payload];
 
-    // Anything that is not a JSON-RPC object, or a batch of them, is not
-    // RPC at all and must be reported like any other unrecognised
-    // outbound traffic rather than dereferenced. request.postData()
-    // returns null both for a bodyless POST and for a body Playwright
-    // cannot decode as UTF-8 (sendBeacon with a Blob, or any binary
-    // payload), so this is not an empty-string special case: it rejects
-    // every non-object payload, exactly as the catch above rejects every
-    // unparseable one.
+    // Anything that is not a JSON-RPC object, or a NON-EMPTY batch of
+    // them, is not RPC at all and must be reported like any other
+    // unrecognised outbound traffic rather than dereferenced.
+    //
+    // The length check is not decoration: every() is vacuously true on an
+    // empty array, so without it a POST with body [] was answered 200 []
+    // and escaped the guard entirely (issue #187). No real batch is empty,
+    // so nothing legitimate is caught by it.
+    //
+    // Two distinct paths land a non-RPC body here, and neither is an
+    // empty-string special case. playwright-core's postData() is
+    // `buffer.toString("utf-8") || null`, so an absent or empty body
+    // decodes to null, JSON.parse("null") yields null, and the type guard
+    // below reports it. A binary body is instead decoded LOSSILY into
+    // mojibake — not null — which is not valid JSON, so the catch above
+    // reports that one. Both end up reported; only the route differs.
     if (
         payload === null ||
         typeof payload !== "object" ||
+        batch.length === 0 ||
         !batch.every((req) => req !== null && typeof req === "object")
     ) {
         report("unstubbed request: POST " + route.request().url());
         return route.abort();
     }
-    const replies = batch.map((req) => {
-        const result = RPC_RESULTS[req.method];
-        if (result === undefined) {
-            report("unstubbed RPC method: " + req.method);
-            return {
-                jsonrpc: "2.0",
-                id: req.id,
-                error: { code: -32601, message: "unstubbed in e2e harness" },
-            };
+    if (batch.some((req) => req.method === "eth_estimateGas")) {
+        await awaitRelease(opts, report);
     }
-        return { jsonrpc: "2.0", id: req.id, result };
-    });
+
+    const replies = batch.map((req) => rpcReply(req, opts, report));
     return jsonResponse(route, Array.isArray(payload) ? replies : replies[0]);
 }
 
@@ -199,6 +479,17 @@ function traceEnabled(raw) {
  * @param {boolean} [opts.seedTokenTransfer]  serve the stubbed ERC-20
  *   transfer. Read at request time, so a test can flip it on the same
  *   options object without re-registering the route.
+ * @param {boolean} [opts.seedTokenBalance]  serve the stubbed ERC-20
+ *   holding, which is what makes the token reachable from the send screen.
+ * @param {string} [opts.ethBalanceWei]  hex wei answered to eth_getBalance;
+ *   defaults to zero, which is what every test that predates the funded
+ *   fixture expects.
+ * @param {boolean} [opts.failGasEstimate]  answer eth_estimateGas with a
+ *   node-side refusal.
+ * @param {boolean} [opts.holdGasEstimate]  hold every batch containing an
+ *   eth_estimateGas until this is cleared again.
+ * @param {string[]} [opts.broadcastTransactions]  every raw signed
+ *   transaction handed to eth_sendRawTransaction, appended in order.
  * @returns {Promise<{waitForServiceWorkerTraffic: (ms: number) =>
  *   Promise<string|null>}>}
  */
@@ -241,7 +532,19 @@ async function installNetworkStubs(ctx, opts) {
 
         // JSON-RPC endpoint (any host): a POST with a JSON-RPC body.
         if (req.method() === "POST") {
-            return handleRpc(route, req.postData(), report);
+            return handleRpc(route, req.postData(), opts, report);
+        }
+
+        // The local EIP-1193 test page. Served from here so the dApp round
+        // trips run against a real http(s) origin — which is what makes the
+        // shipped content scripts inject at all — without any remote origin
+        // being involved.
+        if (url.origin === DAPP_ORIGIN && p === "/") {
+            return route.fulfill({
+                status: 200,
+                contentType: "text/html; charset=utf-8",
+                body: DAPP_HTML,
+            });
         }
 
         // Blockscout v2
@@ -259,7 +562,10 @@ async function installNetworkStubs(ctx, opts) {
                 });
             }
             if (/\/addresses\/0x[0-9a-fA-F]{40}\/token-balances$/.test(p)) {
-                return jsonResponse(route, []);
+                return jsonResponse(
+                    route,
+                    opts.seedTokenBalance ? tokenBalanceItems() : [],
+                );
             }
             if (p.endsWith("/transactions/" + STUB_TX_HASH)) {
                 return jsonResponse(route, transactionDetails());
@@ -329,6 +635,11 @@ async function installNetworkStubs(ctx, opts) {
 
 module.exports = {
     installNetworkStubs,
+    DAPP_ORIGIN,
+    DAPP_URL,
+    FEE_ESTIMATE_WEI,
+    FEE_RESERVE_WEI,
+    STUB_COUNTERPARTY,
     STUB_TOKEN,
     STUB_TX_HASH,
 };

tests/exportPrivkey.test.js

@@ -0,0 +1,331 @@
+// Tests for the private key export screen (issue #221).
+//
+// The screen holds the one secret that owns an address outright, so what is
+// pinned here is disposal: the key is wiped from the DOM whenever the screen
+// is left by any route, and a decrypt still in flight when the screen is
+// left never writes at all. That last case is the one a per-button wipe and
+// a naive leave hook both miss — the write lands after the wipe, with
+// nothing scheduled to wipe it again.
+//
+// The view is driven against a minimal DOM stub rather than a real browser:
+// the module is deliberately shaped like src/popup/views/showPhrase.js, with
+// no dependency that needs a document beyond the nodes it reads and writes.
+
+const mockPrivateKey = "0x" + "ab".repeat(32);
+
+jest.mock("ethereum-blockies-base64", () => () => "data:image/png;base64,x");
+jest.mock("../src/shared/vault", () => ({
+    decryptWithPassword: jest.fn(),
+}));
+jest.mock("../src/shared/wallet", () => ({
+    getSignerForAddress: jest.fn(() => ({ privateKey: mockPrivateKey })),
+}));
+
+const { RESTORABLE_VIEWS } = require("../src/popup/restorableViews");
+
+const VIEW = "export-privkey";
+const PASSWORD = "correct horse battery";
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------ DOM stub
+
+function makeElement(id, withParent) {
+    const classes = new Set();
+    const el = {
+        id,
+        textContent: "",
+        value: "",
+        innerHTML: "",
+        disabled: false,
+        style: {},
+        dataset: {},
+        listeners: {},
+        classList: {
+            add: (...names) => names.forEach((n) => classes.add(n)),
+            remove: (...names) => names.forEach((n) => classes.delete(n)),
+            contains: (n) => classes.has(n),
+            toggle: (n, force) => {
+                const on = force === undefined ? !classes.has(n) : force;
+                if (on) classes.add(n);
+                else classes.delete(n);
+                return on;
+            },
+        },
+        addEventListener: (name, fn) => {
+            el.listeners[name] = el.listeners[name] || [];
+            el.listeners[name].push(fn);
+        },
+        appendChild: () => {},
+        remove: () => {},
+        querySelectorAll: () => [],
+    };
+    el.parentElement = withParent ? makeElement(id + "-parent", false) : null;
+    return el;
+}
+
+function makeDocument() {
+    const els = new Map();
+    return {
+        getElementById(id) {
+            // The debug banner is created on demand by helpers.js; absent
+            // is the state a non-debug, non-testnet popup is in.
+            if (id === "debug-banner") return null;
+            if (!els.has(id)) els.set(id, makeElement(id, true));
+            return els.get(id);
+        },
+        createElement: () => makeElement("created", false),
+        addEventListener: () => {},
+        body: { prepend: () => {} },
+    };
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------ harness
+
+function load() {
+    jest.resetModules();
+    globalThis.chrome = {
+        storage: { local: { get: async () => ({}), set: async () => {} } },
+    };
+    globalThis.document = makeDocument();
+
+    const helpers = require("../src/popup/views/helpers");
+    const { state } = require("../src/shared/state");
+    const vault = require("../src/shared/vault");
+    const wallet = require("../src/shared/wallet");
+    const exportPrivkey = require("../src/popup/views/exportPrivkey");
+
+    state.wallets = [
+        {
+            name: "Wallet 1",
+            type: "key",
+            encryptedSecret: "ciphertext",
+            addresses: [
+                {
+                    address: "0x" + "11".repeat(20),
+                    balance: "0.0000",
+                    tokenBalances: [],
+                },
+                {
+                    address: "0x" + "22".repeat(20),
+                    balance: "0.0000",
+                    tokenBalances: [],
+                },
+            ],
+        },
+    ];
+    state.viewStack = [];
+    state.currentView = "address";
+
+    exportPrivkey.init();
+    return { helpers, state, vault, wallet, exportPrivkey };
+}
+
+function click(id) {
+    const el = globalThis.document.getElementById(id);
+    return Promise.all((el.listeners.click || []).map((fn) => fn()));
+}
+
+function node(id) {
+    return globalThis.document.getElementById(id);
+}
+
+// Start a reveal and hand back both the promise it returns and the resolver
+// for the decrypt it is waiting on, so a test can navigate away mid-flight.
+function startReveal(vault) {
+    let resolveDecrypt;
+    let rejectDecrypt;
+    vault.decryptWithPassword.mockImplementation(
+        () =>
+            new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+                resolveDecrypt = resolve;
+                rejectDecrypt = reject;
+            }),
+    );
+    node("export-privkey-password").value = PASSWORD;
+    const pending = click("btn-export-privkey-confirm");
+    return {
+        pending,
+        resolve: (v) => resolveDecrypt(v),
+        reject: (e) => rejectDecrypt(e),
+    };
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------ tests
+
+describe("a decrypt still running when the screen is left", () => {
+    // The load-bearing case. Without the liveness guard in reveal(), the
+    // write lands after the leave hook has already wiped, and the key sits
+    // in the hidden view for the life of the popup.
+    test("never writes the key into the DOM", async () => {
+        const { helpers, vault, wallet, exportPrivkey } = load();
+        exportPrivkey.show(0, 0);
+
+        const reveal = startReveal(vault);
+        // The settings gear, mid-decrypt.
+        helpers.showView("settings");
+        reveal.resolve("wallet secret");
+        await reveal.pending;
+
+        expect(node("export-privkey-value").textContent).toBe("");
+        // Nothing was even derived: the guard sits in front of the
+        // derivation, not just in front of the write.
+        expect(wallet.getSignerForAddress).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    // The generation counter, not merely the current-view check: by the time
+    // the stale decrypt resolves the user is back on the screen, so a guard
+    // that only asked "is this view showing?" would let the write through.
+    test("never writes it after the screen is re-entered", async () => {
+        const { helpers, vault, exportPrivkey } = load();
+        exportPrivkey.show(0, 0);
+
+        const stale = startReveal(vault);
+        helpers.showView("settings");
+        exportPrivkey.show(0, 1);
+        expect(node("export-privkey-value").textContent).toBe("");
+
+        stale.resolve("wallet secret");
+        await stale.pending;
+
+        expect(node("export-privkey-value").textContent).toBe("");
+        expect(node("export-privkey-result").classList.contains("hidden")).toBe(
+            true,
+        );
+    });
+
+    // Same hole on the failure path: a wrong-password error written after
+    // the wipe would restore the flash line on a screen the user has left.
+    test("never writes the failure message either", async () => {
+        const { helpers, vault, exportPrivkey } = load();
+        exportPrivkey.show(0, 0);
+
+        const reveal = startReveal(vault);
+        helpers.showView("settings");
+        reveal.reject(new Error("decryption failed"));
+        await reveal.pending;
+
+        expect(node("export-privkey-flash").textContent).toBe("");
+        expect(node("export-privkey-flash").style.visibility).toBe("hidden");
+    });
+});
+
+describe("a reveal that is not interrupted", () => {
+    // Guards the guard: a liveness check that rejected every write would
+    // pass every test above and ship a screen that reveals nothing.
+    test("puts the key on screen", async () => {
+        const { vault, exportPrivkey } = load();
+        exportPrivkey.show(0, 0);
+
+        const reveal = startReveal(vault);
+        reveal.resolve("wallet secret");
+        await reveal.pending;
+
+        expect(node("export-privkey-value").textContent).toBe(mockPrivateKey);
+        expect(node("export-privkey-result").classList.contains("hidden")).toBe(
+            false,
+        );
+        // The password is dropped as soon as it has been spent.
+        expect(node("export-privkey-password").value).toBe("");
+    });
+
+    test("writes nothing before the password is accepted", async () => {
+        const { vault, exportPrivkey } = load();
+        exportPrivkey.show(0, 0);
+
+        const reveal = startReveal(vault);
+        expect(node("export-privkey-value").textContent).toBe("");
+        reveal.resolve("wallet secret");
+        await reveal.pending;
+    });
+
+    test("reveals nothing when the password is wrong", async () => {
+        const { vault, exportPrivkey } = load();
+        exportPrivkey.show(0, 0);
+
+        const reveal = startReveal(vault);
+        reveal.reject(new Error("decryption failed"));
+        await reveal.pending;
+
+        expect(node("export-privkey-value").textContent).toBe("");
+        expect(node("export-privkey-flash").textContent).toBe(
+            "That password is incorrect. Please try again.",
+        );
+    });
+});
+
+describe("leaving the screen after the key is on it", () => {
+    async function revealed() {
+        const loaded = load();
+        loaded.exportPrivkey.show(0, 0);
+        const reveal = startReveal(loaded.vault);
+        reveal.resolve("wallet secret");
+        await reveal.pending;
+        expect(node("export-privkey-value").textContent).toBe(mockPrivateKey);
+        return loaded;
+    }
+
+    test("the Back button clears the key", async () => {
+        await revealed();
+        await click("btn-export-privkey-back");
+
+        expect(node("export-privkey-value").textContent).toBe("");
+        expect(node("export-privkey-password").value).toBe("");
+    });
+
+    test("the settings gear clears the key", async () => {
+        const { helpers } = await revealed();
+        helpers.showView("settings");
+
+        expect(node("export-privkey-value").textContent).toBe("");
+        expect(node("export-privkey-password").value).toBe("");
+        // And the screen is back to its password prompt, not to a result
+        // panel that would flash an empty well on the next visit.
+        expect(node("export-privkey-result").classList.contains("hidden")).toBe(
+            true,
+        );
+        expect(
+            node("export-privkey-password-section").classList.contains(
+                "hidden",
+            ),
+        ).toBe(false);
+    });
+
+    // Any other navigation: the same hook covers routes that do not exist
+    // yet, which is the point of registering it on the view rather than on
+    // the controls that leave it.
+    test("any other navigation clears the key", async () => {
+        const { helpers } = await revealed();
+        helpers.showView("main");
+
+        expect(node("export-privkey-value").textContent).toBe("");
+    });
+});
+
+describe("views the popup may reopen onto", () => {
+    // Restoring onto this screen would put a private key on display with no
+    // password prompt in front of it, on a popup reopened by accident.
+    test("the private key export screen is not restorable", () => {
+        expect(RESTORABLE_VIEWS.has(VIEW)).toBe(false);
+    });
+
+    test("it is still a registered view", () => {
+        const { helpers } = load();
+        expect(helpers.VIEWS).toContain(VIEW);
+    });
+});
+
+describe("the key cannot reach the logger", () => {
+    const fs = require("fs");
+    const path = require("path");
+    const source = fs.readFileSync(
+        path.join(__dirname, "..", "src", "popup", "views", "exportPrivkey.js"),
+        "utf8",
+    );
+
+    test("the view does not import src/shared/log.js", () => {
+        expect(source).not.toMatch(/require\(["'][^"']*shared\/log["']\)/);
+    });
+
+    test("the view calls no logger method", () => {
+        expect(source).not.toMatch(/\blog\.(debugf|infof|warnf|errorf)\b/);
+    });
+});

tests/inpageErrors.test.js

@@ -0,0 +1,310 @@
+// The EIP-1193 error the page actually catches (src/content/inpage.js).
+//
+// The bug this pins down (issue #274): the provider rebuilt every failure as
+// `new Error(error.message)`, so the `code` the background produced and the
+// content script relayed intact was thrown away in the last hop. A dApp
+// checking `err.code === 4001` — the standard way to tell "the user said no"
+// from "the wallet broke" — saw undefined, and well-behaved sites showed an
+// error or retried instead of accepting the refusal.
+//
+// inpage.js is a bare IIFE injected into the page's JS context, not a module:
+// it takes no import and exports nothing, and reaches for `window` at load.
+// So it is evaluated here the way the browser evaluates it, against a stub
+// window, and the provider is collected from `window.ethereum`. The globals it
+// touches are passed in as function parameters rather than assigned to
+// globalThis: nothing leaks between tests, and the source is compiled in this
+// realm, so the errors it constructs are comparable against this file's own
+// `Error` — which a second realm's intrinsics would silently defeat.
+//
+// There is no jsdom in this repo; see tests/txStatus.test.js.
+
+const fs = require("fs");
+const path = require("path");
+const { webcrypto } = require("crypto");
+
+const SOURCE = fs.readFileSync(
+    path.join(__dirname, "..", "src", "content", "inpage.js"),
+    "utf8",
+);
+
+const loadInto = new Function(
+    "window",
+    "self",
+    "crypto",
+    "Event",
+    "CustomEvent",
+    SOURCE,
+);
+
+class StubEvent {
+    constructor(type) {
+        this.type = type;
+    }
+}
+
+class StubCustomEvent extends StubEvent {
+    constructor(type, init) {
+        super(type);
+        this.detail = init && init.detail;
+    }
+}
+
+// Every code the background emits on the RPC path today, read out of
+// src/background/index.js. The provider must not know this list — it passes
+// through whatever arrived — but the cases below are the real ones.
+const REJECTED = 4001; // user rejected the request
+const UNAUTHORIZED = 4100; // site not connected / wrong address
+const UNRECOGNIZED_CHAIN = 4902; // switch/add to an unsupported chain
+
+// A stub window with the four things inpage.js touches: message listeners,
+// postMessage out to the content script, window.ethereum, and dispatchEvent
+// for the EIP-6963 announcement.
+function loadProvider() {
+    const messageListeners = [];
+    const posted = [];
+
+    const win = {
+        addEventListener(type, fn) {
+            if (type === "message") messageListeners.push(fn);
+        },
+        removeEventListener(type, fn) {
+            const i = messageListeners.indexOf(fn);
+            if (type === "message" && i !== -1) messageListeners.splice(i, 1);
+        },
+        postMessage(data) {
+            posted.push(data);
+        },
+        dispatchEvent() {
+            return true;
+        },
+    };
+    win.window = win;
+
+    loadInto(win, win, webcrypto, StubEvent, StubCustomEvent);
+
+    // Deliver the content script's answer to an outstanding request. The id is
+    // read back off the wire rather than assumed: inpage.js issues its own
+    // eth_chainId at load, so the first id a test sees is not 1.
+    function respond(response) {
+        const request = posted
+            .filter((m) => m.type === "AUTISTMASK_REQUEST")
+            .pop();
+        expect(request).toBeDefined();
+        const event = {
+            source: win,
+            data: { type: "AUTISTMASK_RESPONSE", id: request.id, ...response },
+        };
+        for (const fn of messageListeners.slice()) fn(event);
+    }
+
+    return { provider: win.ethereum, posted, respond };
+}
+
+// Start a request, answer it with `response`, and hand back the rejection.
+// Fails the test if the call resolves instead.
+async function rejectionFrom(start, response) {
+    const { provider, respond } = loadProvider();
+    const settled = start(provider).then(
+        (result) => ({ resolved: result }),
+        (error) => ({ error }),
+    );
+    // The provider posts synchronously, so the request is already on the wire.
+    respond(response);
+    const outcome = await settled;
+    expect(outcome).not.toHaveProperty("resolved");
+    return outcome.error;
+}
+
+describe("an EIP-1193 code reaches the page", () => {
+    test("a user rejection arrives as code 4001", async () => {
+        const err = await rejectionFrom(
+            (p) => p.request({ method: "eth_requestAccounts" }),
+            {
+                error: {
+                    code: REJECTED,
+                    message: "User rejected the request.",
+                },
+            },
+        );
+        expect(err.code).toBe(REJECTED);
+        expect(err.message).toBe("User rejected the request.");
+    });
+
+    test("it is a ProviderRpcError, and an Error", async () => {
+        const err = await rejectionFrom(
+            (p) => p.request({ method: "eth_requestAccounts" }),
+            {
+                error: {
+                    code: REJECTED,
+                    message: "User rejected the request.",
+                },
+            },
+        );
+        expect(err).toBeInstanceOf(Error);
+        expect(err.name).toBe("ProviderRpcError");
+    });
+
+    test("4100 unauthorized arrives intact", async () => {
+        const err = await rejectionFrom(
+            (p) => p.request({ method: "personal_sign", params: ["0x00"] }),
+            { error: { code: UNAUTHORIZED, message: "Unauthorized" } },
+        );
+        expect(err.code).toBe(UNAUTHORIZED);
+        expect(err.message).toBe("Unauthorized");
+    });
+
+    test("4902 unrecognized chain arrives intact", async () => {
+        const message =
+            "AutistMask supports Ethereum Mainnet and Sepolia Testnet only.";
+        const err = await rejectionFrom(
+            (p) => p.request({ method: "wallet_switchEthereumChain" }),
+            { error: { code: UNRECOGNIZED_CHAIN, message } },
+        );
+        expect(err.code).toBe(UNRECOGNIZED_CHAIN);
+        expect(err.message).toBe(message);
+    });
+
+    // The provider is not allowed to know the list above: a code added to the
+    // background later must reach the page without this file being edited.
+    test("a code the provider has never heard of is passed through", async () => {
+        const err = await rejectionFrom(
+            (p) => p.request({ method: "eth_accounts" }),
+            { error: { code: 4900, message: "Disconnected" } },
+        );
+        expect(err.code).toBe(4900);
+    });
+
+    test("data is carried when the boundary sent it", async () => {
+        const err = await rejectionFrom(
+            (p) => p.request({ method: "eth_call" }),
+            {
+                error: {
+                    code: -32000,
+                    message: "execution reverted",
+                    data: "0x08c379a0",
+                },
+            },
+        );
+        expect(err.code).toBe(-32000);
+        expect(err.data).toBe("0x08c379a0");
+    });
+
+    test("no data property is invented when the boundary sent none", async () => {
+        const err = await rejectionFrom(
+            (p) => p.request({ method: "eth_requestAccounts" }),
+            {
+                error: {
+                    code: REJECTED,
+                    message: "User rejected the request.",
+                },
+            },
+        );
+        expect("data" in err).toBe(false);
+    });
+});
+
+describe("the message is untouched", () => {
+    test("a coded error keeps the message byte for byte", async () => {
+        const message =
+            "This site asked to sign as an address that is not " +
+            "the active one.";
+        const err = await rejectionFrom(
+            (p) => p.request({ method: "personal_sign" }),
+            { error: { code: UNAUTHORIZED, message } },
+        );
+        expect(err.message).toBe(message);
+    });
+
+    test("an error the background sent with no code keeps its message", async () => {
+        const err = await rejectionFrom(
+            (p) => p.request({ method: "eth_sendTransaction" }),
+            { error: { message: "No accounts available" } },
+        );
+        expect(err.message).toBe("No accounts available");
+    });
+
+    // A ProviderRpcError whose code is undefined would claim a conformance it
+    // does not have, and `'code' in err` is exactly what a careful dApp asks.
+    test("an error with no code gets no code property at all", async () => {
+        const err = await rejectionFrom(
+            (p) => p.request({ method: "eth_sendTransaction" }),
+            { error: { message: "No accounts available" } },
+        );
+        expect(err).toBeInstanceOf(Error);
+        expect("code" in err).toBe(false);
+    });
+
+    test("an error with no message keeps the generic fallback", async () => {
+        const err = await rejectionFrom(
+            (p) => p.request({ method: "eth_sendTransaction" }),
+            { error: { code: REJECTED } },
+        );
+        expect(err.message).toBe("Request failed");
+        expect(err.code).toBe(REJECTED);
+    });
+});
+
+// Every entry point the provider exposes, not just eth_requestAccounts. They
+// all funnel through the same response listener, and this is what says so.
+describe("every request path carries the code", () => {
+    const rejection = {
+        error: { code: REJECTED, message: "User rejected the request." },
+    };
+
+    test("request()", async () => {
+        const err = await rejectionFrom(
+            (p) => p.request({ method: "eth_requestAccounts" }),
+            rejection,
+        );
+        expect(err.code).toBe(REJECTED);
+    });
+
+    test("enable()", async () => {
+        const err = await rejectionFrom((p) => p.enable(), rejection);
+        expect(err.code).toBe(REJECTED);
+    });
+
+    test("send(method, params)", async () => {
+        const err = await rejectionFrom(
+            (p) => p.send("eth_requestAccounts", []),
+            rejection,
+        );
+        expect(err.code).toBe(REJECTED);
+    });
+
+    test("send({ method, params })", async () => {
+        const err = await rejectionFrom(
+            (p) => p.send({ method: "personal_sign", params: ["0x00"] }),
+            rejection,
+        );
+        expect(err.code).toBe(REJECTED);
+    });
+
+    test("sendAsync() hands the code to its callback", async () => {
+        const { provider, respond } = loadProvider();
+        const called = new Promise((resolve) => {
+            provider.sendAsync({ id: 1, method: "eth_requestAccounts" }, (e) =>
+                resolve(e),
+            );
+        });
+        respond(rejection);
+        const err = await called;
+        expect(err.name).toBe("ProviderRpcError");
+        expect(err.code).toBe(REJECTED);
+        expect(err.message).toBe("User rejected the request.");
+    });
+});
+
+describe("the success path is unchanged", () => {
+    test("a result still resolves", async () => {
+        const { provider, respond } = loadProvider();
+        const settled = provider.request({ method: "eth_requestAccounts" });
+        respond({ result: ["0xb61264DEFB0c4B8afb3D73724be15310036743a5"] });
+        await expect(settled).resolves.toEqual([
+            "0xb61264DEFB0c4B8afb3D73724be15310036743a5",
+        ]);
+        expect(provider.selectedAddress).toBe(
+            "0xb61264DEFB0c4B8afb3D73724be15310036743a5",
+        );
+    });
+});

tests/passwordMessages.test.js

@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+// One wording for one condition (issue #172).
+//
+// Every screen that asks for the password decrypts the vault itself, and
+// each one used to write its own sentence for the same failure: the send
+// confirmation and the delete-wallet confirmation said "Wrong password."
+// (a fragment, which RULES.md Language & Labeling forbids), the reveal
+// screens said "That password is not correct.", and the two dApp approval
+// paths said "That password is incorrect." A user hitting two of those
+// minutes apart had no way to tell whether the wallet meant the same
+// thing.
+//
+// This scans the source rather than driving six views, because the
+// invariant is about the set of call sites and not about any one of them:
+// a seventh screen that decrypts the vault has to join the set, and a
+// DOM test per view cannot notice one that was never written.
+//
+// The assertions are per CALL SITE, not per file. approval.js decrypts in
+// two places and is where the divergence came from; a per-file check that
+// only asks whether the canonical sentence appears somewhere in the file
+// passes while one of those two says something else entirely. So each
+// call site is read back to its own catch handler and the prose that
+// handler shows the user must be the canonical sentence and nothing else
+// — which fails on a novel wording, not only on a known-superseded one.
+
+const fs = require("fs");
+const path = require("path");
+
+const SRC = path.join(__dirname, "..", "src");
+
+const CANONICAL = "That password is incorrect. Please try again.";
+
+// Wordings this repo has actually shipped for the same condition. This is
+// a secondary, whole-file sweep for stragglers outside a decrypt handler;
+// divergence at a call site is caught by the exact-match assertion, which
+// needs no list of phrasings to guess at.
+const SUPERSEDED = [
+    "Wrong password.",
+    "That password is not correct. Please try again.",
+];
+
+function jsFilesUnder(dir) {
+    return fs.readdirSync(dir, { withFileTypes: true }).flatMap((entry) => {
+        const full = path.join(dir, entry.name);
+        if (entry.isDirectory()) return jsFilesUnder(full);
+        return entry.name.endsWith(".js") ? [full] : [];
+    });
+}
+
+// Blank out the interior of every comment and string literal, keeping the
+// offsets and line breaks, so braces can be counted without a quote or a
+// commented-out block throwing the count off. The literals are returned
+// alongside with the offset of their opening quote, which is how a
+// message is later attributed to the handler it sits in.
+function scan(source) {
+    const masked = source.split("");
+    const strings = [];
+    const blank = (from, to) => {
+        for (let k = from; k < to; k++) if (masked[k] !== "\n") masked[k] = " ";
+    };
+    let i = 0;
+    while (i < source.length) {
+        const two = source.slice(i, i + 2);
+        if (two === "//") {
+            const nl = source.indexOf("\n", i);
+            const stop = nl === -1 ? source.length : nl;
+            blank(i, stop);
+            i = stop;
+        } else if (two === "/*") {
+            const close = source.indexOf("*/", i + 2);
+            const stop = close === -1 ? source.length : close + 2;
+            blank(i, stop);
+            i = stop;
+        } else if (
+            source[i] === '"' ||
+            source[i] === "'" ||
+            source[i] === "`"
+        ) {
+            const quote = source[i];
+            let j = i + 1;
+            let value = "";
+            while (j < source.length && source[j] !== quote) {
+                if (source[j] === "\\") {
+                    value += source[j + 1];
+                    j += 2;
+                    continue;
+                }
+                value += source[j];
+                j += 1;
+            }
+            blank(i + 1, j);
+            strings.push({ offset: i, value });
+            i = j + 1;
+        } else {
+            i += 1;
+        }
+    }
+    return { masked: masked.join(""), strings };
+}
+
+// Offset of the `{` that opens the block containing `at`, or -1.
+function enclosingBlockStart(masked, at) {
+    let depth = 0;
+    for (let i = at; i >= 0; i--) {
+        if (masked[i] === "}") depth += 1;
+        else if (masked[i] === "{") {
+            if (depth === 0) return i;
+            depth -= 1;
+        }
+    }
+    return -1;
+}
+
+// Offset just past the `}` matching the `{` at `open`.
+function blockEnd(masked, open) {
+    let depth = 0;
+    for (let i = open; i < masked.length; i++) {
+        if (masked[i] === "{") depth += 1;
+        else if (masked[i] === "}") {
+            depth -= 1;
+            if (depth === 0) return i + 1;
+        }
+    }
+    throw new Error("unterminated block");
+}
+
+// The catch handler guarding a given decryptWithPassword call: walk out to
+// the try block the call sits in, then take the catch that follows it.
+function handlerSpan(masked, callOffset, label) {
+    const tryOpen = enclosingBlockStart(masked, callOffset);
+    if (tryOpen === -1 || !/\btry\s*$/.test(masked.slice(0, tryOpen)))
+        throw new Error(`${label}: the decrypt is not inside a try block`);
+    const rest = masked.slice(blockEnd(masked, tryOpen));
+    const catchMatch = /^\s*catch\s*(\([^)]*\)\s*)?\{/.exec(rest);
+    if (!catchMatch)
+        throw new Error(`${label}: the decrypt's try block has no catch`);
+    const catchOpen = blockEnd(masked, tryOpen) + catchMatch[0].length - 1;
+    return [catchOpen, blockEnd(masked, catchOpen)];
+}
+
+// The prose the handler puts in front of the user. Element ids, class
+// names and visibility keywords are single words; a sentence has a space
+// in it, and that is the whole distinction needed here.
+function handlerMessages(file, callOffset, label) {
+    const { masked, strings } = scan(fs.readFileSync(file, "utf8"));
+    const [from, to] = handlerSpan(masked, callOffset, label);
+    return strings
+        .filter((s) => s.offset >= from && s.offset < to)
+        .map((s) => s.value)
+        .filter((v) => v.includes(" "));
+}
+
+// The call sites are found, not listed: the file layout moves (the private
+// key export was in addressDetail.js when #172 was filed and is its own
+// view now), and a hardcoded list would quietly stop covering a screen it
+// no longer names.
+function callSites() {
+    const sites = [];
+    for (const file of jsFilesUnder(SRC)) {
+        if (file === path.join(SRC, "shared", "vault.js")) continue;
+        const { masked } = scan(fs.readFileSync(file, "utf8"));
+        const rel = path.relative(SRC, file).split(path.sep).join("/");
+        let n = 0;
+        let at = masked.indexOf("decryptWithPassword(");
+        while (at !== -1) {
+            n += 1;
+            sites.push({ file, rel, offset: at, label: `${rel} #${n}` });
+            at = masked.indexOf("decryptWithPassword(", at + 1);
+        }
+    }
+    return sites.sort((a, b) => a.label.localeCompare(b.label));
+}
+
+describe("password failure messages", () => {
+    const sites = callSites();
+    const files = [...new Set(sites.map((s) => s.file))].sort();
+
+    test("the call sites are found where they are expected", () => {
+        const counts = {};
+        for (const site of sites)
+            counts[site.rel] = (counts[site.rel] ?? 0) + 1;
+        expect(counts).toEqual({
+            "popup/views/approval.js": 2,
+            "popup/views/confirmTx.js": 1,
+            "popup/views/deleteWallet.js": 1,
+            "popup/views/exportPrivkey.js": 1,
+            "popup/views/showPhrase.js": 1,
+        });
+    });
+
+    test("the canonical message is a full sentence", () => {
+        expect(CANONICAL).toMatch(/^[A-Z][^]*\.$/);
+    });
+
+    // Exact equality, per call site: a message that is merely different
+    // rather than known-obsolete fails here too, which a scan for historic
+    // wordings cannot do.
+    test.each(sites.map((s) => [s.label, s]))(
+        "%s answers a rejected password with the canonical sentence",
+        (label, site) => {
+            expect(handlerMessages(site.file, site.offset, label)).toEqual([
+                CANONICAL,
+            ]);
+        },
+    );
+
+    test.each(files.map((f) => [path.relative(SRC, f), f]))(
+        "%s carries no superseded wording",
+        (_rel, file) => {
+            const source = fs.readFileSync(file, "utf8");
+            for (const old of SUPERSEDED) expect(source).not.toContain(old);
+        },
+    );
+});

tests/state.test.js

@@ -159,3 +159,113 @@ describe("hideSpoofedSymbols persistence", () => {
         expect(second.mod.state.hideSpoofedSymbols).toBe(true);
     });
 });
+
+// restoreView() refuses to reopen ONTO a non-restorable view, but the stack
+// behind it was restored verbatim, so Back could still walk onto a screen
+// whose content is deliberately never re-rendered — and "show-phrase" has no
+// Back control of its own to leave by. The stack is filtered on load, at the
+// first entry the popup would not render, and everything above it goes too:
+// those entries were reached THROUGH the dropped one.
+describe("restored viewStack is filtered against RESTORABLE_VIEWS", () => {
+    const NON_RESTORABLE = ["export-privkey", "show-phrase"];
+
+    function restoredStack(viewStack, currentView = "settings") {
+        return loadModuleWith({
+            wallets: oneWallet(),
+            currentView,
+            viewStack,
+        });
+    }
+
+    test("a non-restorable view at the top of the stack is dropped", async () => {
+        const { mod } = restoredStack(["main", "address", "export-privkey"]);
+        await mod.loadState();
+        expect(mod.state.viewStack).toEqual(["main", "address"]);
+    });
+
+    test("a non-restorable view in the middle truncates the stack there", async () => {
+        const { mod } = restoredStack(["main", "show-phrase", "address"]);
+        await mod.loadState();
+        expect(mod.state.viewStack).toEqual(["main"]);
+    });
+
+    // Truncating a stack rooted at a non-restorable view leaves nothing, and
+    // the restored view still needs somewhere for Back to go.
+    test("a non-restorable view at the bottom leaves main to go back to", async () => {
+        const { mod } = restoredStack(["export-privkey", "address", "receive"]);
+        await mod.loadState();
+        expect(mod.state.viewStack).toEqual(["main"]);
+    });
+
+    test("no restored stack retains a secret-bearing view", async () => {
+        for (const view of NON_RESTORABLE) {
+            const { mod } = restoredStack(["main", "address", view, "receive"]);
+            await mod.loadState();
+            expect(mod.state.viewStack).not.toContain(view);
+        }
+    });
+
+    // The rule is "views the popup will render", not a blocklist of the two
+    // secret screens: a name no longer in the set (or never a view at all)
+    // has to go the same way.
+    test("a name that is not a restorable view at all is dropped", async () => {
+        const { mod } = restoredStack(["main", "welcome", "address"]);
+        await mod.loadState();
+        expect(mod.state.viewStack).toEqual(["main"]);
+    });
+
+    // Restorable entries are kept verbatim. That they are then unhidden
+    // without being re-rendered is a separate defect, tracked in #268; this
+    // filter is only about views the popup declined to restore.
+    test("an ordinary restorable stack is restored unchanged", async () => {
+        const stack = ["main", "address", "address-token"];
+        const { mod } = restoredStack(stack);
+        await mod.loadState();
+        expect(mod.state.viewStack).toEqual(stack);
+    });
+
+    test("restoring onto main keeps the stack empty", async () => {
+        const { mod } = restoredStack(["show-phrase"], "main");
+        await mod.loadState();
+        expect(mod.state.viewStack).toEqual([]);
+    });
+
+    // main is not the only view that gets no ["main"] beneath it: restoreView()
+    // will not reopen onto a non-restorable view either, so nothing is left for
+    // Back to sit under and the stack stays empty.
+    test("restoring onto a view the popup will not reopen keeps the stack empty", async () => {
+        const { mod } = restoredStack(["export-privkey"], "show-phrase");
+        await mod.loadState();
+        expect(mod.state.viewStack).toEqual([]);
+    });
+
+    // Not an array means nothing survives, but the never-empty rule still
+    // applies: a corrupt stack must not leave a restored view with no Back
+    // target of its own.
+    test("a stack that is not an array still gets main beneath a restored view", async () => {
+        const { mod } = restoredStack("main");
+        await mod.loadState();
+        expect(mod.state.viewStack).toEqual(["main"]);
+    });
+
+    test("a stack that is not an array loads as empty under main", async () => {
+        const { mod } = restoredStack({ 0: "main" }, "main");
+        await mod.loadState();
+        expect(mod.state.viewStack).toEqual([]);
+    });
+
+    // Filtering belongs on load, not on save: the live in-session stack is
+    // legitimate — the user really is one Back away from a screen that is
+    // rendered right now — and only a load-side filter also cleans the
+    // stacks already sitting in storage.
+    test("saveState persists the live stack verbatim", async () => {
+        const { mod, set } = loadModuleWith(null);
+        mod.state.viewStack = ["main", "address", "export-privkey"];
+        await mod.saveState();
+        expect(set).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
+            autistmask: expect.objectContaining({
+                viewStack: ["main", "address", "export-privkey"],
+            }),
+        });
+    });
+});

tests/symbolSpoof.test.js

@@ -0,0 +1,693 @@
+// Tests for the known-symbol spoof rule (src/shared/symbolSpoof.js) and for
+// its application on all three surfaces that show tokens: the transaction
+// history, the Send token selector, and the balance list.
+//
+// Issue #235: the three surfaces disagreed about what a `null` entry in
+// KNOWN_SYMBOLS means.  The history and the selector read it as "no contract
+// may bear this symbol" and filtered a fake `ETH` ERC-20; the balance list
+// read it as "no comparison is possible" and listed the fake token next to
+// the user's real ETH, which is where a user forms their belief about what
+// they own.  The rule now lives in one module, so a fourth surface cannot
+// reintroduce a fourth reading, and these tests assert the same attack on
+// each surface.
+//
+// Nothing here touches the network: global.fetch is a throwing stub and the
+// only fetch path in the modules under test (debugFetch, from
+// src/shared/log) is mocked at the module boundary.
+
+// The RPC provider is replaced so that refreshBalances can be driven end to
+// end: the native balance it reports must survive a balance list in which
+// every ERC-20 row is a fake ETH.  Everything else in ethers is the real
+// module, including the formatters the assertions depend on.
+jest.mock("ethers", () => {
+    const actual = jest.requireActual("ethers");
+    class StubProvider {
+        async getBalance() {
+            return 1234500000000000000n;
+        }
+        async lookupAddress() {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+    return {
+        ...actual,
+        JsonRpcProvider: StubProvider,
+        Network: { from: () => ({}) },
+    };
+});
+
+jest.mock("../src/shared/log", () => ({
+    log: {
+        debugf: () => {},
+        infof: () => {},
+        warnf: () => {},
+        errorf: () => {},
+    },
+    debugFetch: jest.fn(),
+    setRuntimeDebug: () => {},
+    isDebug: () => false,
+}));
+
+global.fetch = jest.fn(() => {
+    throw new Error("tests must not perform network requests");
+});
+global.chrome = {
+    storage: { local: { get: async () => ({}), set: async () => {} } },
+};
+
+const { isSpoofedSymbol } = require("../src/shared/symbolSpoof");
+const { TOKENS, KNOWN_SYMBOLS } = require("../src/shared/tokenList");
+const { filterTransactions } = require("../src/shared/transactions");
+const {
+    fetchTokenBalances,
+    refreshBalances,
+} = require("../src/shared/balances");
+const { renderSendTokenSelect } = require("../src/popup/views/send");
+const { state } = require("../src/shared/state");
+const { debugFetch } = require("../src/shared/log");
+
+// The fake "Ethereum" token with symbol "ETH" from the attack documented in
+// README.md, given a holder count high enough to clear every other filter so
+// that only the known-symbol rule can catch it.
+const FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT = "0xd05339f9ea5ab9d9f03b9d57f671d2abd1f55c82";
+const HOLDER = "0x66133e8ea0f5d1d612d2502a968757d1048c214a";
+const USDC_CONTRACT = "0xa0b86991c6218b36c1d19d4a2e9eb0ce3606eb48";
+const WETH_CONTRACT = "0xc02aaa39b223fe8d0a0e5c4f27ead9083c756cc2";
+const BLOCKSCOUT = "https://eth.blockscout.com/api/v2";
+
+describe("the shared rule", () => {
+    test('"ETH" is still the null-mapped symbol these tests assume', () => {
+        expect(KNOWN_SYMBOLS.get("ETH")).toBeNull();
+    });
+
+    test("a contract bearing a null-mapped symbol is a spoof", () => {
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol("ETH", FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT)).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    test("even a genuine contract may not bear a null-mapped symbol", () => {
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol("ETH", WETH_CONTRACT)).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    test("the native asset carries no contract and is never a spoof", () => {
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol("ETH", null)).toBe(false);
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol("ETH", undefined)).toBe(false);
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol("ETH", "")).toBe(false);
+    });
+
+    // The native exemption is "has no contract address", not "the symbol is
+    // ETH".  A second null-mapped symbol added to the table later inherits
+    // both halves of the rule without any call site being revisited.
+    test("a newly null-mapped symbol behaves the same way", () => {
+        const added = !KNOWN_SYMBOLS.has("XTZTEST");
+        KNOWN_SYMBOLS.set("XTZTEST", null);
+        try {
+            expect(isSpoofedSymbol("XTZTEST", FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT)).toBe(true);
+            expect(isSpoofedSymbol("XTZTEST", null)).toBe(false);
+        } finally {
+            if (added) KNOWN_SYMBOLS.delete("XTZTEST");
+        }
+    });
+
+    test("a known symbol from its own contract is not a spoof", () => {
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol("USDC", USDC_CONTRACT)).toBe(false);
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol("usdc", USDC_CONTRACT.toUpperCase())).toBe(
+            false,
+        );
+    });
+
+    test("a known symbol from another contract is a spoof", () => {
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol("USDC", FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT)).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    test("a symbol that is not in the table is not judged here", () => {
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol("SPAMTKN", FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT)).toBe(false);
+    });
+});
+
+// Issue #260: the symbol is whatever the ERC-20 contract returns, and HTML
+// collapses leading and trailing whitespace, so a token calling itself
+// `" ETH "` reaches the user's eye as `ETH` while missing a raw
+// KNOWN_SYMBOLS lookup.  Normalizing inside the shared rule fixes all three
+// surfaces at once, which is what consolidating the rule bought.
+//
+// Every character under test here is built from its code point rather than
+// pasted in: most of them are invisible, and an invisible character in a
+// test file is unreviewable.
+const cp = (...codes) => String.fromCodePoint(...codes);
+const NBSP = cp(0x00a0); // no-break space
+const FIGURE_SPACE = cp(0x2007);
+const IDEOGRAPHIC_SPACE = cp(0x3000);
+const ZWSP = cp(0x200b); // zero-width space
+const BOM = cp(0xfeff); // zero-width no-break space
+const WORD_JOINER = cp(0x2060);
+const SOFT_HYPHEN = cp(0x00ad);
+const LRM = cp(0x200e); // left-to-right mark
+const RLO = cp(0x202e); // right-to-left override
+const HANGUL_FILLER = cp(0x3164);
+const CHOSEONG_FILLER = cp(0x115f);
+const VS16 = cp(0xfe0f); // variation selector-16
+const VS1 = cp(0xfe00); // variation selector-1
+const NEL = cp(0x0085); // next line, a C1 control
+const DEL = cp(0x007f);
+const FULLWIDTH_ETH = cp(0xff25, 0xff34, 0xff28);
+const FULLWIDTH_USDC = cp(0xff55, 0xff53, 0xff44, 0xff43); // lowercase
+const CYRILLIC_CAPITAL_IE = cp(0x0415);
+
+describe("the shared rule: symbols that render as a known symbol", () => {
+    test("ASCII padding does not buy a pass", () => {
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol(" ETH ", FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT)).toBe(true);
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol("\tETH\n", FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT)).toBe(true);
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol("  usdc  ", FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT)).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    test("non-breaking and other Unicode spaces do not either", () => {
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol(NBSP + "ETH" + NBSP, FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT)).toBe(
+            true,
+        );
+        expect(
+            isSpoofedSymbol(
+                FIGURE_SPACE + "ETH" + IDEOGRAPHIC_SPACE,
+                FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT,
+            ),
+        ).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    // These render as nothing at all, in any position, so they are removed
+    // wherever they sit rather than only at the ends.
+    test("zero-width characters are stripped wherever they sit", () => {
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol("E" + ZWSP + "TH", FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT)).toBe(
+            true,
+        );
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol(BOM + "ETH", FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT)).toBe(true);
+        expect(
+            isSpoofedSymbol("ET" + WORD_JOINER + "H", FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT),
+        ).toBe(true);
+        expect(
+            isSpoofedSymbol("E" + SOFT_HYPHEN + "TH", FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT),
+        ).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    // An LRM is invisible and, in all-Latin text, moves nothing: dropping it
+    // leaves exactly the string the user saw.
+    test("an invisible bidi mark does not hide a known symbol", () => {
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol(LRM + "ETH", FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT)).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    // Invisibility is not confined to \p{Cf}.  A Hangul filler is Lo and a
+    // variation selector is Mn, yet each of these four measures 32.00px in
+    // the repo's pinned e2e Chromium at 16px sans-serif — exactly the width
+    // of a plain `ETH` — so each reaches the user's eye as `ETH`.  They are
+    // caught by \p{Default_Ignorable_Code_Point}, not by \p{Cf}.
+    test("invisible non-format characters are stripped too", () => {
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol(HANGUL_FILLER + "ETH", FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT)).toBe(
+            true,
+        );
+        expect(
+            isSpoofedSymbol(CHOSEONG_FILLER + "ETH", FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT),
+        ).toBe(true);
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol("ETH" + VS16, FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT)).toBe(true);
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol("E" + VS1 + "TH", FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT)).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    // Nor is it confined to the Unicode classes.  U+007F is a control (Cc)
+    // and is not default-ignorable, so neither class reaches it, but it
+    // measures 32.00px in the same browser — it paints nothing, so a
+    // symbol carrying it reaches the eye as `ETH`.  It is named on its own
+    // in the strip for exactly that reason.
+    test("U+007F paints nothing and is stripped", () => {
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol(DEL + "ETH", FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT)).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    // The other side of the boundary, which is not the class boundary but
+    // the visibility one: the remaining C0 and C1 controls render as a
+    // visible 48.00px box in the same browser, so a symbol carrying one
+    // does not look like `ETH` and must not be judged a spoof.  Widening
+    // the strip to \p{Cc} — the obvious over-correction once U+007F is in
+    // it — fails this test.
+    test("visible control characters do not make a symbol a spoof", () => {
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol(NEL + "ETH", FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT)).toBe(false);
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol(cp(0x0001) + "ETH", FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT)).toBe(
+            false,
+        );
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol(cp(0x0090) + "ETH", FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT)).toBe(
+            false,
+        );
+    });
+
+    test("compatibility forms fold onto the symbol they imitate", () => {
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol(FULLWIDTH_ETH, FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT)).toBe(true);
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol(FULLWIDTH_USDC, FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT)).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    // The two knowingly open classes, asserted here so that the boundary is
+    // a fact in the suite and not a claim in a PR body.  A Cyrillic capital
+    // Ie is a distinct letter rather than a compatibility variant, so NFKC
+    // leaves it alone; and a right-to-left override reverses the rendering
+    // of what follows it, which dropping the control character does not
+    // undo.  Closing either needs a confusables table or a bidi resolver,
+    // and both are a separate change from this one.
+    test("a Cyrillic homoglyph is knowingly still not caught", () => {
+        expect(
+            isSpoofedSymbol(CYRILLIC_CAPITAL_IE + "TH", FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT),
+        ).toBe(false);
+    });
+
+    test("a bidi-reordered symbol is knowingly still not caught", () => {
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol(RLO + "HTE", FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT)).toBe(false);
+    });
+
+    // Normalization does not reach the native-asset exemption, which turns
+    // on the absence of a contract address and never on the symbol.
+    test("a padded symbol with no contract is still not a spoof", () => {
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol(" ETH ", null)).toBe(false);
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol(NBSP + "ETH", "")).toBe(false);
+    });
+
+    test("a genuine contract still bears its own padded symbol", () => {
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol(" USDC ", USDC_CONTRACT)).toBe(false);
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol(ZWSP + "WETH", WETH_CONTRACT)).toBe(false);
+    });
+
+    // Normalization must not invent a match.  Interior ASCII whitespace is
+    // left alone: `E T H` renders as `E T H`, not as `ETH`, so folding it
+    // would filter a token no user could confuse with the native asset.
+    test("a symbol that renders differently is not judged a spoof", () => {
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol("E T H", FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT)).toBe(false);
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol("ETH2", FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT)).toBe(false);
+        expect(isSpoofedSymbol("MY ETH", FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT)).toBe(false);
+    });
+
+    // The false-positive question, answered against the shipped data rather
+    // than by assertion: no bundled symbol carries whitespace or a
+    // non-ASCII character, so the normalization cannot newly filter one.
+    // The character class starts at `!` rather than at the space so that it
+    // asserts the claim it stands for — `[ -~]` would admit an interior
+    // space and let a whitespace-bearing entry through the guard.
+    test("no bundled symbol is touched by the normalization", () => {
+        for (const [symbol, addresses] of KNOWN_SYMBOLS) {
+            expect(symbol).toBe(symbol.trim());
+            expect(symbol).toMatch(/^[!-~]+$/);
+            if (addresses === null) continue;
+            for (const address of addresses) {
+                expect(isSpoofedSymbol(symbol, address)).toBe(false);
+            }
+        }
+    });
+});
+
+// Issue #276: the guard that was missing.  The suite walked KNOWN_SYMBOLS,
+// which is built from TOKENS, so it could only ever assert that the table
+// agrees with itself.  Seven symbols appear twice in the bundled list at two
+// different real contracts, and the table kept whichever came first, so the
+// other seven contracts — tokens in our own shipped list, at their own
+// addresses — were judged spoofs and hidden from the balance list, the
+// history and the send selector.  That is the over-filtering direction: it
+// hides a holding the user cannot then spend.
+//
+// This walk is over TOKENS, the data the wallet actually ships, so it fails
+// whenever a bundled token would be filtered at its own address no matter
+// which side of the table the mistake is on.
+describe("the shipped token list", () => {
+    test("no bundled token is filtered at its own address", () => {
+        const filtered = TOKENS.filter((t) =>
+            isSpoofedSymbol(t.symbol, t.address),
+        ).map((t) => t.symbol + " @ " + t.address);
+        expect(filtered).toEqual([]);
+    });
+
+    // The third failure mode the issue asks about: a symbol whose table entry
+    // names an address that is in neither the table nor the list would be a
+    // contract we vouch for and do not ship.  There is none, and the table is
+    // built from the list, so this asserts the derivation has not acquired a
+    // hand-written entry.
+    test("every address the table vouches for is a bundled token", () => {
+        const bundled = new Set(TOKENS.map((t) => t.address.toLowerCase()));
+        for (const [symbol, addresses] of KNOWN_SYMBOLS) {
+            if (addresses === null) continue;
+            expect(addresses.size).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+            for (const address of addresses) {
+                expect(address).toBe(address.toLowerCase());
+                expect(bundled.has(address)).toBe(true);
+                // And it is the token that actually reports that symbol.
+                const token = TOKENS.find(
+                    (t) => t.address.toLowerCase() === address,
+                );
+                expect(token.symbol.toUpperCase()).toBe(symbol);
+            }
+        }
+    });
+
+    // Both contracts behind a shared ticker must pass, from either side: a
+    // rule that admits only the one the table happens to visit first is the
+    // bug, not the fix.
+    test("both contracts behind a shared ticker are admitted", () => {
+        const bySymbol = new Map();
+        for (const t of TOKENS) {
+            const upper = t.symbol.toUpperCase();
+            if (!bySymbol.has(upper)) bySymbol.set(upper, []);
+            bySymbol.get(upper).push(t);
+        }
+        const shared = [...bySymbol].filter(([, list]) => list.length > 1);
+        // The shared tickers are a fact about the shipped data; if a future
+        // list has none, this test would silently assert nothing.
+        expect(shared.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+        for (const [, list] of shared) {
+            for (const t of list) {
+                expect(isSpoofedSymbol(t.symbol, t.address)).toBe(false);
+            }
+        }
+    });
+
+    // The seven from issue #276, named so that the reconciliation is a fact
+    // in the suite: each is two real contracts from the same source fetch,
+    // and the table now holds both rather than the one that came first.
+    test("the seven shared tickers each name both bundled contracts", () => {
+        const expected = {
+            TON: [
+                "0x582d872a1b094fc48f5de31d3b73f2d9be47def1", // Toncoin
+                "0x2be5e8c109e2197d077d13a82daead6a9b3433c5", // Tokamak Network
+            ],
+            FRAX: [
+                "0x853d955acef822db058eb8505911ed77f175b99e", // Legacy Frax Dollar
+                "0x3432b6a60d23ca0dfca7761b7ab56459d9c964d0", // Frax (prev. FXS)
+            ],
+            REUSD: [
+                "0x5086bf358635b81d8c47c66d1c8b9e567db70c72", // Re Protocol reUSD
+                "0x57ab1e0003f623289cd798b1824be09a793e4bec", // Resupply USD
+            ],
+            EURE: [
+                "0x39b8b6385416f4ca36a20319f70d28621895279d", // Monerium EUR emoney
+                "0x3231cb76718cdef2155fc47b5286d82e6eda273f", // Monerium EUR emoney [OLD]
+            ],
+            MSUSD: [
+                "0x4ba01f22827018b4772cd326c7627fb4956a7c00", // Main Street USD
+                "0xab5eb14c09d416f0ac63661e57edb7aecdb9befa", // Metronome Synth USD
+            ],
+            MUSD: [
+                "0xaca92e438df0b2401ff60da7e4337b687a2435da", // MetaMask USD
+                "0xdd468a1ddc392dcdbef6db6e34e89aa338f9f186", // Mezo USD
+            ],
+            JPYC: [
+                "0x431d5dff03120afa4bdf332c61a6e1766ef37bdb", // JPY Coin
+                "0x2370f9d504c7a6e775bf6e14b3f12846b594cd53", // JPY Coin v1
+            ],
+        };
+        for (const [symbol, addresses] of Object.entries(expected)) {
+            expect([...KNOWN_SYMBOLS.get(symbol)].sort()).toEqual(
+                [...addresses].sort(),
+            );
+            for (const address of addresses) {
+                expect(isSpoofedSymbol(symbol, address)).toBe(false);
+            }
+        }
+    });
+
+    // The other direction, on the same symbols: widening the table to hold
+    // every bundled address for a ticker must not turn it into a pass for
+    // any other contract.
+    test("a shared ticker from a third contract is still a spoof", () => {
+        const bySymbol = new Map();
+        for (const t of TOKENS) {
+            const upper = t.symbol.toUpperCase();
+            if (!bySymbol.has(upper)) bySymbol.set(upper, []);
+            bySymbol.get(upper).push(t);
+        }
+        for (const [symbol, list] of bySymbol) {
+            if (list.length < 2) continue;
+            expect(isSpoofedSymbol(symbol, FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT)).toBe(true);
+        }
+    });
+});
+
+describe("surface 1: the transaction history", () => {
+    function fakeEthTransfer() {
+        return {
+            hash: "0x" + "1".repeat(64),
+            symbol: "ETH",
+            contractAddress: FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT,
+            holders: 900000,
+            valueGwei: null,
+            isContractCall: false,
+        };
+    }
+
+    test("a fake ETH token transfer is filtered", () => {
+        const result = filterTransactions([fakeEthTransfer()], {
+            hideSpoofedSymbols: true,
+            hideFraudContracts: true,
+            hideLowHolderTokens: true,
+            hideDustTransactions: true,
+            dustThresholdGwei: 100000,
+        });
+        expect(result.transactions).toEqual([]);
+    });
+
+    // Issue #260 on this surface: the same transfer with a padded symbol.
+    test("a padded fake ETH token transfer is filtered too", () => {
+        const padded = { ...fakeEthTransfer(), symbol: " ETH " };
+        const result = filterTransactions([padded], {
+            hideSpoofedSymbols: true,
+            hideFraudContracts: true,
+            hideLowHolderTokens: true,
+            hideDustTransactions: true,
+            dustThresholdGwei: 100000,
+        });
+        expect(result.transactions).toEqual([]);
+        // The contract is learned as fraudulent, exactly as for the
+        // unpadded symbol: the padding must not cost the blocklist entry.
+        expect(result.newFraudContracts).toEqual([FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT]);
+    });
+
+    test("a real native ETH transfer survives", () => {
+        const native = {
+            hash: "0x" + "2".repeat(64),
+            symbol: "ETH",
+            contractAddress: null,
+            holders: null,
+            valueGwei: 5000000,
+            isContractCall: false,
+        };
+        const result = filterTransactions([native], {
+            hideSpoofedSymbols: true,
+            hideFraudContracts: true,
+            hideLowHolderTokens: true,
+            hideDustTransactions: true,
+            dustThresholdGwei: 100000,
+        });
+        expect(result.transactions).toEqual([native]);
+    });
+});
+
+describe("surface 2: the Send token selector", () => {
+    let select;
+
+    function render(tokenBalances) {
+        select = { innerHTML: "", children: [] };
+        select.appendChild = (child) => select.children.push(child);
+        globalThis.document = {
+            getElementById: (id) => (id === "send-token" ? select : null),
+            createElement: () => ({ value: "", textContent: "" }),
+        };
+        renderSendTokenSelect({
+            address: "0x" + "a".repeat(40),
+            tokenBalances,
+        });
+    }
+
+    beforeEach(() => {
+        state.fraudContracts = [];
+        state.hideLowHolderTokens = true;
+    });
+
+    test("a fake ETH token is not selectable", () => {
+        render([
+            {
+                address: FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT,
+                symbol: "ETH",
+                decimals: 18,
+                balance: "0.005",
+                holders: 900000,
+            },
+        ]);
+        expect(select.children).toEqual([]);
+    });
+
+    // Issue #260 on this surface: the option text is rendered into HTML,
+    // which collapses the padding, so an unfiltered padded token would sit
+    // in the selector reading exactly `ETH`.
+    test("a padded fake ETH token is not selectable either", () => {
+        render([
+            {
+                address: FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT,
+                symbol: " ETH ",
+                decimals: 18,
+                balance: "0.005",
+                holders: 900000,
+            },
+        ]);
+        expect(select.children).toEqual([]);
+    });
+
+    test("a genuine token with a padded symbol stays selectable", () => {
+        render([
+            {
+                address: USDC_CONTRACT,
+                symbol: " USDC ",
+                decimals: 6,
+                balance: "12.5",
+                holders: 900000,
+            },
+        ]);
+        expect(select.children).toHaveLength(1);
+        expect(select.children[0].value).toBe(USDC_CONTRACT);
+    });
+
+    test("native ETH remains the always-present option", () => {
+        render([]);
+        expect(select.innerHTML).toBe('<option value="ETH">ETH</option>');
+    });
+});
+
+describe("surface 3: the balance list", () => {
+    function respondWith(items) {
+        debugFetch.mockImplementation(async () => ({
+            ok: true,
+            status: 200,
+            statusText: "OK",
+            json: async () => items,
+        }));
+    }
+
+    function fakeEthItem(overrides = {}) {
+        return {
+            value: "5000000000000000",
+            token: {
+                type: "ERC-20",
+                address_hash: FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT,
+                symbol: "ETH",
+                name: "Ethereum",
+                decimals: "18",
+                holders_count: "900000",
+                ...overrides,
+            },
+        };
+    }
+
+    beforeEach(() => {
+        debugFetch.mockReset();
+    });
+
+    // The bug in issue #235: this token cleared the balance list's own
+    // 1,000-holder floor and was listed as a holding named ETH.
+    test("a fake ETH token clearing the holder floor is filtered", async () => {
+        respondWith([fakeEthItem()]);
+        expect(await fetchTokenBalances(HOLDER, BLOCKSCOUT, [])).toEqual([]);
+    });
+
+    test("tracking the fake token manually does not admit it either", async () => {
+        respondWith([fakeEthItem({ holders_count: "0" })]);
+        const balances = await fetchTokenBalances(HOLDER, BLOCKSCOUT, [
+            { address: FAKE_ETH_CONTRACT },
+        ]);
+        expect(balances).toEqual([]);
+    });
+
+    // Issue #260 on this surface: the balance list is where the user forms
+    // their belief about what they own, and it renders the symbol into HTML.
+    test("a padded fake ETH token is filtered too", async () => {
+        respondWith([fakeEthItem({ symbol: " ETH " })]);
+        expect(await fetchTokenBalances(HOLDER, BLOCKSCOUT, [])).toEqual([]);
+    });
+
+    test("a fake ETH token padded with a no-break space is filtered", async () => {
+        respondWith([fakeEthItem({ symbol: NBSP + "ETH" + NBSP })]);
+        expect(await fetchTokenBalances(HOLDER, BLOCKSCOUT, [])).toEqual([]);
+    });
+
+    // The false-positive direction on the surface that matters most: a real
+    // holding whose symbol happens to carry padding is still listed, and the
+    // list still shows the symbol the token actually reports.
+    test("a genuine token with a padded symbol is not newly filtered", async () => {
+        respondWith([
+            fakeEthItem({
+                address_hash: USDC_CONTRACT,
+                symbol: " USDC ",
+                name: "USD Coin",
+                decimals: "6",
+            }),
+        ]);
+        const balances = await fetchTokenBalances(HOLDER, BLOCKSCOUT, []);
+        expect(balances).toHaveLength(1);
+        expect(balances[0].symbol).toBe(" USDC ");
+    });
+
+    test("a genuine token keeps its place in the list", async () => {
+        respondWith([
+            fakeEthItem({
+                address_hash: USDC_CONTRACT,
+                symbol: "USDC",
+                name: "USD Coin",
+                decimals: "6",
+            }),
+        ]);
+        const balances = await fetchTokenBalances(HOLDER, BLOCKSCOUT, []);
+        expect(balances).toHaveLength(1);
+        expect(balances[0].symbol).toBe("USDC");
+    });
+
+    // The trap in this change: the user's real ETH balance is not an ERC-20
+    // and is fetched over RPC in refreshBalances, so it never passes through
+    // this loop at all.  An explorer row that is not an ERC-20 is dropped
+    // before the symbol rule is consulted.
+    test("a non-ERC-20 row claiming ETH never reaches the symbol rule", async () => {
+        respondWith([fakeEthItem({ type: "ERC-721" })]);
+        expect(await fetchTokenBalances(HOLDER, BLOCKSCOUT, [])).toEqual([]);
+    });
+
+    // The adjacent finding from the same review as issue #260: the type gate
+    // compared exactly, so an explorer that ever varied the casing would
+    // silently drop a real holding before any filter ran.  The comparison is
+    // now case-insensitive, which changes nothing about which types are
+    // admitted.
+    test("a differently-cased ERC-20 type still lists a real holding", async () => {
+        respondWith([
+            fakeEthItem({
+                type: "erc-20",
+                address_hash: USDC_CONTRACT,
+                symbol: "USDC",
+                name: "USD Coin",
+                decimals: "6",
+            }),
+        ]);
+        const balances = await fetchTokenBalances(HOLDER, BLOCKSCOUT, []);
+        expect(balances).toHaveLength(1);
+        expect(balances[0].symbol).toBe("USDC");
+    });
+
+    test("case insensitivity does not admit another token type", async () => {
+        respondWith([fakeEthItem({ type: "erc-721" })]);
+        expect(await fetchTokenBalances(HOLDER, BLOCKSCOUT, [])).toEqual([]);
+        respondWith([fakeEthItem({ type: "ERC-20-EXTRA" })]);
+        expect(await fetchTokenBalances(HOLDER, BLOCKSCOUT, [])).toEqual([]);
+    });
+
+    // The money test: the user holds real ETH and has been airdropped a fake
+    // ETH ERC-20.  The fake is gone from the list of tokens; the real balance
+    // is exactly what the node reported.
+    test("the real native ETH balance survives a fake ETH airdrop", async () => {
+        respondWith([fakeEthItem()]);
+        const addr = { address: HOLDER };
+        await refreshBalances(
+            [{ addresses: [addr] }],
+            "https://rpc.example.invalid",
+            BLOCKSCOUT,
+            [],
+        );
+        expect(addr.balance).toBe("1.2345");
+        expect(addr.tokenBalances).toEqual([]);
+    });
+
+    test("no test in this file performed a network request", () => {
+        expect(global.fetch).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+});

tests/transactions.test.js

@@ -207,8 +207,8 @@ describe("token list assumptions the fixtures rely on", () => {
     });
 
     test("USDC and WETH map to their genuine lowercased contracts", () => {
-        expect(KNOWN_SYMBOLS.get("USDC")).toBe(USDC_CONTRACT);
-        expect(KNOWN_SYMBOLS.get("WETH")).toBe(WETH_CONTRACT);
+        expect([...KNOWN_SYMBOLS.get("USDC")]).toEqual([USDC_CONTRACT]);
+        expect([...KNOWN_SYMBOLS.get("WETH")]).toEqual([WETH_CONTRACT]);
     });
 
     test("the spam fixture symbol is not in the known token list", () => {

tests/txStatus.test.js

@@ -0,0 +1,482 @@
+// Lifecycle tests for the post-broadcast transaction status views
+// (src/popup/views/txStatus.js).
+//
+// The bug these pin down: the receipt poll rendered both outcomes on the tick
+// that crossed the 60-second deadline, so a confirmed transaction was replaced
+// by "not confirmed within 60 seconds" — the user is told their transaction
+// failed when it succeeded. The same shape applies to any callback that
+// outlives its wait: a receipt lookup still in flight when the view is left
+// must not render over whatever replaced it.
+//
+// Fake timers make the race deterministic: the receipt promise is already
+// resolved when the deadline tick runs, so in the unfixed code showSuccess()
+// is always followed by showError() on that tick.
+//
+// No network: getProvider is mocked at the module boundary and there is no
+// jsdom in this repo, so the handful of DOM calls these views make are served
+// by the stub below.
+
+jest.mock("../src/shared/log", () => ({
+    log: {
+        debugf: () => {},
+        infof: () => {},
+        warnf: () => {},
+        errorf: () => {},
+    },
+    debugFetch: jest.fn(),
+    setRuntimeDebug: () => {},
+    isDebug: () => false,
+}));
+
+const mockReceiptLookup = jest.fn();
+jest.mock("../src/shared/balances", () => ({
+    getProvider: () => ({ getTransactionReceipt: mockReceiptLookup }),
+    refreshBalances: jest.fn(),
+}));
+
+global.fetch = jest.fn(() => {
+    throw new Error("tests must not perform network requests");
+});
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Minimal DOM. Every element is created on demand and remembered by id, so a
+// test can read back what a view wrote into it.
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+const elements = new Map();
+
+function makeElement(id) {
+    const classes = new Set(["view", "hidden"]);
+    const el = {
+        id,
+        textContent: "",
+        innerHTML: "",
+        style: {},
+        classList: {
+            add: (c) => classes.add(c),
+            remove: (c) => classes.delete(c),
+            contains: (c) => classes.has(c),
+            toggle: (c, on) => (on ? classes.add(c) : classes.delete(c)),
+        },
+        addEventListener: () => {},
+        querySelectorAll: () => [],
+        remove: () => {},
+        prepend: () => {},
+    };
+    // Views reach for .parentElement to hide whole sections.
+    Object.defineProperty(el, "parentElement", {
+        get: () => getElement(id + "-parent"),
+    });
+    return el;
+}
+
+function getElement(id) {
+    if (!elements.has(id)) elements.set(id, makeElement(id));
+    return elements.get(id);
+}
+
+global.document = {
+    getElementById: (id) => getElement(id),
+    // escapeHtml() builds a detached div; textContent in, escaped HTML out.
+    createElement: () => {
+        const el = { innerHTML: "" };
+        Object.defineProperty(el, "textContent", {
+            set(v) {
+                el.innerHTML = String(v)
+                    .replace(/&/g, "&")
+                    .replace(/</g, "&lt;")
+                    .replace(/>/g, "&gt;");
+            },
+        });
+        return el;
+    },
+    body: { prepend: () => {} },
+    addEventListener: () => {},
+};
+
+global.window = { location: { search: "" } };
+
+const stored = {};
+global.chrome = {
+    storage: {
+        local: {
+            set: (obj) => {
+                Object.assign(stored, obj);
+                return Promise.resolve();
+            },
+            get: () => Promise.resolve(stored),
+        },
+    },
+};
+
+const txStatus = require("../src/popup/views/txStatus");
+const { state } = require("../src/shared/state");
+const { RESTORABLE_VIEWS } = require("../src/popup/restorableViews");
+
+const TX_HASH =
+    "0x85215772ed26ea8b39c2b3b18779030487efbe0b5fd7e882592b2f62b837be84";
+const RECIPIENT = "0x66133E8ea0f5D1d612D2502a968757D1048c214a";
+const TX_INFO = {
+    to: RECIPIENT,
+    amount: "0.0050",
+    token: "ETH",
+    tokenSymbol: null,
+};
+
+// True when a view element is not hidden.
+function visible(view) {
+    return !getElement("view-" + view).classList.contains("hidden");
+}
+
+function waitStatusText() {
+    return getElement("wait-tx-status").textContent;
+}
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+    jest.useFakeTimers();
+    jest.setSystemTime(new Date("2026-08-11T12:00:00Z"));
+    elements.clear();
+    mockReceiptLookup.mockReset();
+    state.wallets = [];
+    state.viewData = {};
+    state.viewStack = [];
+    state.currentView = null;
+    txStatus.init({ doRefreshAndRender: jest.fn() });
+});
+
+afterEach(() => {
+    txStatus.endWait();
+    jest.useRealTimers();
+});
+
+describe("WaitTx receipt/timeout race", () => {
+    test("a receipt arriving on the deadline tick leaves the user on SuccessTx", async () => {
+        // No receipt for the first five polls; the sixth — the tick at
+        // t=60s, which is also the timeout deadline — returns one.
+        mockReceiptLookup
+            .mockResolvedValueOnce(null)
+            .mockResolvedValueOnce(null)
+            .mockResolvedValueOnce(null)
+            .mockResolvedValueOnce(null)
+            .mockResolvedValueOnce(null)
+            .mockResolvedValue({ blockNumber: 21000000 });
+
+        txStatus.showWait(TX_INFO, TX_HASH);
+        expect(visible("wait-tx")).toBe(true);
+
+        await jest.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(60000);
+
+        expect(visible("success-tx")).toBe(true);
+        expect(visible("error-tx")).toBe(false);
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("success-tx");
+        expect(state.viewData.blockNumber).toBe(21000000);
+        expect(state.viewData.message).toBeUndefined();
+
+        // And nothing is left running to undo it.
+        expect(jest.getTimerCount()).toBe(0);
+        await jest.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(300000);
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("success-tx");
+        expect(mockReceiptLookup).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(6);
+    });
+
+    test("a genuine timeout still shows ErrorTx with the hash", async () => {
+        mockReceiptLookup.mockResolvedValue(null);
+
+        txStatus.showWait(TX_INFO, TX_HASH);
+        await jest.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(60000);
+
+        expect(visible("error-tx")).toBe(true);
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("error-tx");
+        expect(state.viewData.message).toMatch(
+            /not confirmed within 60 seconds/,
+        );
+        expect(state.viewData.hash).toBe(TX_HASH);
+        // The hash section carries the hash and the etherscan link.
+        expect(getElement("error-tx-hash").innerHTML).toContain(TX_HASH);
+        expect(getElement("error-tx-hash").innerHTML).toContain(
+            "/tx/" + TX_HASH,
+        );
+        expect(jest.getTimerCount()).toBe(0);
+    });
+
+    test("a receipt still in flight when the view is left does not render over it", async () => {
+        let resolveReceipt;
+        mockReceiptLookup.mockReturnValue(
+            new Promise((r) => {
+                resolveReceipt = r;
+            }),
+        );
+
+        txStatus.showWait(TX_INFO, TX_HASH);
+        await jest.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(10000);
+        expect(mockReceiptLookup).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+
+        // User leaves the wait (popup navigation / teardown) while the
+        // lookup is outstanding, then the lookup finally answers.
+        txStatus.endWait();
+        state.currentView = "main";
+        resolveReceipt({ blockNumber: 21000000 });
+        await Promise.resolve();
+        await Promise.resolve();
+
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("main");
+        expect(visible("success-tx")).toBe(false);
+    });
+
+    test("no timer survives the view being left", async () => {
+        mockReceiptLookup.mockResolvedValue(null);
+
+        txStatus.showWait(TX_INFO, TX_HASH);
+        expect(jest.getTimerCount()).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+
+        txStatus.endWait();
+        expect(jest.getTimerCount()).toBe(0);
+
+        await jest.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(120000);
+        expect(mockReceiptLookup).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+});
+
+describe("WaitTx persistence across popup close", () => {
+    test("restoreWait resumes the poll with the deadline running from broadcast", async () => {
+        mockReceiptLookup.mockResolvedValue(null);
+
+        txStatus.showWait(TX_INFO, TX_HASH);
+        expect(state.viewData.pendingWait.hash).toBe(TX_HASH);
+        const persisted = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(state.viewData));
+
+        // Popup closes: timers die with the page.
+        txStatus.endWait();
+
+        // 45 seconds pass with the popup shut, then it is reopened.
+        jest.advanceTimersByTime(45000);
+        state.viewData = persisted;
+        expect(txStatus.restoreWait()).toBe(true);
+
+        expect(visible("wait-tx")).toBe(true);
+        // Elapsed is counted from the broadcast, not from the reopen.
+        expect(waitStatusText()).toBe("Waiting for confirmation... 45s");
+        // The immediate poll on resume has already run.
+        await Promise.resolve();
+        expect(mockReceiptLookup).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+
+        // The deadline is 15 seconds away, not 60.
+        await jest.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(20000);
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("error-tx");
+    });
+
+    test("a rejected lookup on the resume poll keeps waiting instead of reporting failure", async () => {
+        // A wait resumed after the deadline has already passed: the first
+        // poll is immediate and past 60s, so a thrown lookup must not be
+        // read as "no receipt". It means "no answer this tick" — keep
+        // polling, because the transaction may well have confirmed.
+        mockReceiptLookup.mockResolvedValue(null);
+        txStatus.showWait(TX_INFO, TX_HASH);
+        const persisted = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(state.viewData));
+        txStatus.endWait();
+
+        // Ten minutes with the popup shut, then it is reopened and the
+        // first receipt lookup fails transiently.
+        jest.advanceTimersByTime(600000);
+        mockReceiptLookup.mockReset();
+        mockReceiptLookup
+            .mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error("rpc unavailable"))
+            .mockResolvedValue({ blockNumber: 21000000 });
+
+        state.viewData = persisted;
+        expect(txStatus.restoreWait()).toBe(true);
+        await jest.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(0);
+
+        // The wait is still alive: no timeout was declared off one error.
+        expect(visible("wait-tx")).toBe(true);
+        expect(visible("error-tx")).toBe(false);
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("wait-tx");
+        expect(jest.getTimerCount()).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+
+        // And the next tick answers, so the confirmed transaction is
+        // reported as confirmed.
+        await jest.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(10000);
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("success-tx");
+        expect(state.viewData.blockNumber).toBe(21000000);
+    });
+
+    test("a lookup returning null past the deadline still times out", async () => {
+        // The counterpart to the test above: the deadline must still fire
+        // when the lookup actually answers "no receipt".
+        mockReceiptLookup.mockResolvedValue(null);
+        txStatus.showWait(TX_INFO, TX_HASH);
+        const persisted = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(state.viewData));
+        txStatus.endWait();
+
+        jest.advanceTimersByTime(600000);
+        state.viewData = persisted;
+        expect(txStatus.restoreWait()).toBe(true);
+        await jest.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(0);
+
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("error-tx");
+        expect(state.viewData.message).toMatch(
+            /not confirmed within 60 seconds/,
+        );
+    });
+
+    test("restoreWait reports nothing to resume when no wait is persisted", () => {
+        state.viewData = {};
+        expect(txStatus.restoreWait()).toBe(false);
+        expect(jest.getTimerCount()).toBe(0);
+    });
+
+    test("restoreWait rejects a persisted wait missing its txInfo or broadcast time", () => {
+        for (const bad of [
+            { hash: TX_HASH, broadcastTime: Date.now() },
+            { hash: TX_HASH, txInfo: TX_INFO },
+            { hash: TX_HASH, txInfo: TX_INFO, broadcastTime: "soon" },
+            { hash: TX_HASH, txInfo: TX_INFO, broadcastTime: NaN },
+            { hash: TX_HASH, txInfo: "nope", broadcastTime: Date.now() },
+            // An object that merely lacks a field startWait() dereferences
+            // is the shape that actually escaped: txInfo.to reaches
+            // addressTitle(), which calls address.toLowerCase(). typeof []
+            // is "object", so an array passes an object check.
+            { hash: TX_HASH, txInfo: {}, broadcastTime: Date.now() },
+            { hash: TX_HASH, txInfo: [], broadcastTime: Date.now() },
+            { hash: TX_HASH, txInfo: { to: 42 }, broadcastTime: Date.now() },
+            // Otherwise complete but for a non-string `to`: only the `to`
+            // check rejects this one, and without it addressTitle() throws
+            // out of restoreView().
+            {
+                hash: TX_HASH,
+                txInfo: { to: 42, amount: "0.0050" },
+                broadcastTime: Date.now(),
+            },
+            // Otherwise complete but an array: only Array.isArray() rejects
+            // it, since typeof [] is "object" and the fields are present.
+            {
+                hash: TX_HASH,
+                txInfo: Object.assign([], { to: RECIPIENT, amount: "0.0050" }),
+                broadcastTime: Date.now(),
+            },
+            {
+                hash: TX_HASH,
+                txInfo: { to: RECIPIENT },
+                broadcastTime: Date.now(),
+            },
+        ]) {
+            state.viewData = { pendingWait: bad };
+            expect(txStatus.restoreWait()).toBe(false);
+            expect(jest.getTimerCount()).toBe(0);
+        }
+    });
+
+    test("restoreWait resumes a wait whose recipient is the empty string", () => {
+        // The shape a contract-deployment approval persists: approval.js
+        // writes `to: toAddr || ""`, and showWait() renders it without
+        // complaint. Validation must not be stricter than the live path, or
+        // that wait is silently abandoned on every popup open.
+        mockReceiptLookup.mockResolvedValue(null);
+        state.viewData = {
+            pendingWait: {
+                hash: TX_HASH,
+                txInfo: { ...TX_INFO, to: "" },
+                broadcastTime: Date.now(),
+            },
+        };
+        expect(txStatus.restoreWait()).toBe(true);
+        expect(visible("wait-tx")).toBe(true);
+    });
+});
+
+describe("WaitTx against an RPC that never answers", () => {
+    test("a permanently failing lookup ends the wait instead of polling forever", async () => {
+        mockReceiptLookup.mockRejectedValue(new Error("rpc unavailable"));
+
+        txStatus.showWait(TX_INFO, TX_HASH);
+
+        // Six consecutive failures is 60 seconds at the 10s cadence — the
+        // same patience as the confirmation deadline.
+        await jest.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(60000);
+
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("error-tx");
+        expect(visible("wait-tx")).toBe(false);
+        // The user is told what actually happened: the lookup failed. It is
+        // not the same fact as "the transaction did not confirm".
+        expect(state.viewData.message).toMatch(/could not be reached/i);
+        expect(state.viewData.message).not.toMatch(/not confirmed within/);
+        expect(state.viewData.hash).toBe(TX_HASH);
+
+        // Nothing is left running, and nothing is left to resume onto.
+        expect(jest.getTimerCount()).toBe(0);
+        expect(state.viewData.pendingWait).toBeUndefined();
+
+        const calls = mockReceiptLookup.mock.calls.length;
+        await jest.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(3600000);
+        expect(mockReceiptLookup).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(calls);
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("error-tx");
+    });
+
+    test("an answered lookup clears the failure count, so the bound is on consecutive failures", async () => {
+        // The bound counts failures in a row, not failures in total: a
+        // flaky RPC that keeps answering in between must not accumulate its
+        // way to a false "network unreachable".
+        //
+        // Polls 1-5 (t=10s..50s) alternate reject / null, so three fail and
+        // the last answer resets the count at poll 4. From poll 6 on every
+        // lookup fails. Six in a row is then poll 10, at t=100s. A counter
+        // that never reset would have reached six at poll 8, t=80s, so the
+        // window between those two is what this test occupies.
+        mockReceiptLookup.mockImplementation(() => {
+            const n = mockReceiptLookup.mock.calls.length;
+            if (n <= 5 && n % 2 === 0) return Promise.resolve(null);
+            return Promise.reject(new Error("flaky"));
+        });
+
+        txStatus.showWait(TX_INFO, TX_HASH);
+
+        // t=90s: eight failures in total, five of them in a row. A
+        // cumulative counter has long since fired; a consecutive one has not.
+        await jest.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(90000);
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("wait-tx");
+        expect(visible("wait-tx")).toBe(true);
+        expect(jest.getTimerCount()).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+
+        // t=100s: the sixth in a row.
+        await jest.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(10000);
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("error-tx");
+        expect(state.viewData.message).toMatch(/could not be reached/i);
+        // No lookup ever answered "no receipt" past the deadline, so this
+        // is not the timeout and must not be reported as one.
+        expect(state.viewData.message).not.toMatch(/not confirmed within/);
+        expect(jest.getTimerCount()).toBe(0);
+    });
+
+    test("a resumed wait against a dead RPC also terminates", async () => {
+        // The reopen path is the one that made this unbounded: the wait is
+        // persisted, so without a bound every popup open resumes it forever.
+        mockReceiptLookup.mockResolvedValue(null);
+        txStatus.showWait(TX_INFO, TX_HASH);
+        const persisted = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(state.viewData));
+        txStatus.endWait();
+
+        jest.advanceTimersByTime(3600000);
+        mockReceiptLookup.mockReset();
+        mockReceiptLookup.mockRejectedValue(new Error("rpc unavailable"));
+
+        state.viewData = persisted;
+        expect(txStatus.restoreWait()).toBe(true);
+        await jest.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(60000);
+
+        expect(state.currentView).toBe("error-tx");
+        expect(state.viewData.message).toMatch(/could not be reached/i);
+        expect(jest.getTimerCount()).toBe(0);
+        expect(state.viewData.pendingWait).toBeUndefined();
+    });
+});
+
+describe("wait-tx is a view the popup may reopen onto", () => {
+    // The resume feature is wired through RESTORABLE_VIEWS: restoreView()
+    // refuses any view not in the set, so dropping "wait-tx" from it kills
+    // the resume silently — the tests above call restoreWait() directly and
+    // would all still pass. This pins the membership. Mirrors the exclusion
+    // assertions in tests/showPhrase.test.js.
+    test("wait-tx is restorable", () => {
+        expect(RESTORABLE_VIEWS.has("wait-tx")).toBe(true);
+    });
+});

tests/walletDelete.test.js

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 const {
+    canRemoveAddress,
+    removeAddressFromState,
     removeWalletFromState,
     broadcastActiveChanged,
 } = require("../src/shared/walletDelete");
@@ -6,6 +8,7 @@ const {
 // Fixed addresses — never used for anything but these tests.
 const A0 = "0x66133E8ea0f5D1d612D2502a968757D1048c214a";
 const A1 = "0xdAC17F958D2ee523a2206206994597C13D831ec7";
+const A2 = "0x514910771AF9Ca656af840dff83E8264EcF986CA";
 const B0 = "0x2260FAC5E5542a773Aa44fBCfeDf7C193bc2C599";
 const C0 = "0xA0b86991c6218b36c1d19D4a2e9Eb0cE3606eB48";
 
@@ -111,6 +114,219 @@ describe("removeWalletFromState", () => {
     });
 });
 
+// An HD wallet with three addresses next to a single-address key wallet.
+// `nextIndex` is the wallet's derivation high-water mark, three addresses in.
+function makeAddressState(overrides = {}) {
+    return {
+        hasWallet: true,
+        wallets: [
+            { ...wallet("A", [A0, A1, A2]), type: "hd", nextIndex: 3 },
+            { ...wallet("B", [B0]), type: "key" },
+        ],
+        selectedWallet: 0,
+        selectedAddress: 0,
+        activeAddress: A0,
+        allowedSites: { [A0]: ["a.example"], [A1]: ["b.example"] },
+        deniedSites: { [A1]: ["d.example"], [B0]: ["e.example"] },
+        ...overrides,
+    };
+}
+
+describe("canRemoveAddress", () => {
+    test("an HD wallet with more than one address may remove one", () => {
+        expect(canRemoveAddress({ type: "hd", addresses: [{}, {}] })).toBe(
+            true,
+        );
+    });
+
+    test("an xprv wallet with more than one address may too", () => {
+        expect(canRemoveAddress({ type: "xprv", addresses: [{}, {}] })).toBe(
+            true,
+        );
+    });
+
+    // The last address is what delete-wallet is for.
+    test("a wallet holding a single address may not", () => {
+        expect(canRemoveAddress({ type: "hd", addresses: [{}] })).toBe(false);
+    });
+
+    // A key wallet holds one bare private key and cannot derive more, so it
+    // has no "+" button and gets no remove control either.
+    test("a key wallet may not, whatever its address count", () => {
+        expect(canRemoveAddress({ type: "key", addresses: [{}] })).toBe(false);
+        expect(canRemoveAddress({ type: "key", addresses: [{}, {}] })).toBe(
+            false,
+        );
+    });
+
+    test("a missing or typeless wallet may not", () => {
+        expect(canRemoveAddress(undefined)).toBe(false);
+        expect(canRemoveAddress({})).toBe(false);
+    });
+});
+
+describe("removeAddressFromState", () => {
+    test("removing a non-selected address leaves the selection where it is", () => {
+        const state = makeAddressState({
+            selectedAddress: 2,
+            activeAddress: A2,
+        });
+
+        const { removed, activeAddressChanged } = removeAddressFromState(
+            state,
+            0,
+            0,
+        );
+
+        expect(removed).toBe(true);
+        // A2 moved from index 2 to index 1 by the splice.
+        expect(state.wallets[0].addresses.map((a) => a.address)).toEqual([
+            A1,
+            A2,
+        ]);
+        expect(state.selectedWallet).toBe(0);
+        expect(state.selectedAddress).toBe(1);
+        expect(state.activeAddress).toBe(A2);
+        expect(activeAddressChanged).toBe(false);
+        // The wallet list itself is untouched.
+        expect(state.wallets).toHaveLength(2);
+        expect(state.hasWallet).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    test("removing an address after the selection does not shift it", () => {
+        const state = makeAddressState({
+            selectedAddress: 0,
+            activeAddress: A0,
+        });
+
+        const { removed, activeAddressChanged } = removeAddressFromState(
+            state,
+            0,
+            2,
+        );
+
+        expect(removed).toBe(true);
+        expect(state.selectedAddress).toBe(0);
+        expect(state.activeAddress).toBe(A0);
+        expect(activeAddressChanged).toBe(false);
+    });
+
+    test("a selection in another wallet is untouched", () => {
+        const state = makeAddressState({
+            selectedWallet: 1,
+            selectedAddress: 0,
+            activeAddress: B0,
+        });
+
+        const { removed, activeAddressChanged } = removeAddressFromState(
+            state,
+            0,
+            1,
+        );
+
+        expect(removed).toBe(true);
+        expect(state.selectedWallet).toBe(1);
+        expect(state.selectedAddress).toBe(0);
+        expect(state.activeAddress).toBe(B0);
+        expect(activeAddressChanged).toBe(false);
+    });
+
+    test("removing the selected address falls back to the wallet's first address", () => {
+        const state = makeAddressState({
+            selectedAddress: 1,
+            activeAddress: A1,
+        });
+
+        const { removed, activeAddressChanged } = removeAddressFromState(
+            state,
+            0,
+            1,
+        );
+
+        expect(removed).toBe(true);
+        expect(state.wallets[0].addresses.map((a) => a.address)).toEqual([
+            A0,
+            A2,
+        ]);
+        expect(state.selectedWallet).toBe(0);
+        expect(state.selectedAddress).toBe(0);
+        expect(state.activeAddress).toBe(A0);
+        expect(activeAddressChanged).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    // The active address can be persisted in a different case than the
+    // wallet's copy of it, so the comparison must not be literal.
+    test("the active address is matched case-insensitively", () => {
+        const state = makeAddressState({
+            selectedAddress: 1,
+            activeAddress: A1.toLowerCase(),
+        });
+
+        const { activeAddressChanged } = removeAddressFromState(state, 0, 1);
+
+        expect(state.activeAddress).toBe(A0);
+        expect(activeAddressChanged).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    test("site permissions are dropped for the removed address only", () => {
+        const state = makeAddressState();
+
+        removeAddressFromState(state, 0, 1);
+
+        expect(state.allowedSites).toEqual({ [A0]: ["a.example"] });
+        expect(state.deniedSites).toEqual({ [B0]: ["e.example"] });
+    });
+
+    // The derivation counter is a high-water mark, never rewound: "+" derives
+    // a fresh index rather than re-deriving the address just removed.
+    test("the wallet's derivation counter is not rewound", () => {
+        const state = makeAddressState();
+
+        removeAddressFromState(state, 0, 1);
+
+        expect(state.wallets[0].nextIndex).toBe(3);
+    });
+
+    test("the last address of a wallet is refused, and nothing changes", () => {
+        const state = makeAddressState({
+            selectedWallet: 1,
+            selectedAddress: 0,
+            activeAddress: B0,
+        });
+
+        const { removed, activeAddressChanged } = removeAddressFromState(
+            state,
+            1,
+            0,
+        );
+
+        expect(removed).toBe(false);
+        expect(activeAddressChanged).toBe(false);
+        expect(state.wallets[1].addresses.map((a) => a.address)).toEqual([B0]);
+        expect(state.activeAddress).toBe(B0);
+        expect(state.hasWallet).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    // The same refusal reached the other way: an HD wallet worn down to one
+    // address is no more removable than a key wallet.
+    test("an HD wallet down to its last address is refused too", () => {
+        const state = makeAddressState();
+
+        expect(removeAddressFromState(state, 0, 2).removed).toBe(true);
+        expect(removeAddressFromState(state, 0, 1).removed).toBe(true);
+        expect(removeAddressFromState(state, 0, 0).removed).toBe(false);
+        expect(state.wallets[0].addresses.map((a) => a.address)).toEqual([A0]);
+    });
+
+    test("an out-of-range address index is refused", () => {
+        const state = makeAddressState();
+
+        expect(removeAddressFromState(state, 0, 7).removed).toBe(false);
+        expect(removeAddressFromState(state, 7, 0).removed).toBe(false);
+        expect(state.wallets[0].addresses).toHaveLength(3);
+    });
+});
+
 describe("broadcastActiveChanged", () => {
     afterEach(() => {
         delete global.chrome;