chore: escape every value the views write as markup, and cut symbols on code points (closes #329)

The token screen's decimals and holder count, the ETH price, every address
total and each balance row's USD value went into innerHTML unescaped, against
the rule at the top of src/popup/views/helpers.js. They are escaped now. None
could carry markup, but formatUsd() writes a value under a cent as "< $0.01".

displaySymbol() counts a symbol in code points, not UTF-16 units, so the cut
never leaves half of an emoji, which rendered as U+FFFD.

explorerLink() was already removed on next.

Model: opus-5-5

tests/addressValue.test.js

@@ -194,6 +194,14 @@ describe("the wallet list on Home", () => {
         clearPrices();
         expect(walletListTotal(FULLY_PRICED)).toBe(" ");
     });
+
+    // A total under a cent is written "< $0.01", and the "<" is escaped
+    // here as the removal warning escapes it.
+    test("a total under a cent is escaped, as on the removal warning", () => {
+        const tiny = { ...EMPTY, balance: "0.000001" };
+        expect(walletListTotal(tiny)).toBe("Total: &lt; $0.01");
+        expect(removalWarningTotal(tiny)).toBe("Total: &lt; $0.01");
+    });
 });
 
 describe("the balance warning on the address-removal confirmation", () => {