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634 lines
24 KiB
Python
Executable File
634 lines
24 KiB
Python
Executable File
#!/usr/bin/python3
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# Creates DNS zone files for all of the domains of all of the mail users
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# and mail aliases and restarts nsd.
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########################################################################
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import os, os.path, urllib.parse, datetime, re, hashlib
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import rtyaml
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from mailconfig import get_mail_domains
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from utils import shell, load_env_vars_from_file, safe_domain_name, sort_domains
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def get_dns_domains(env):
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# Add all domain names in use by email users and mail aliases and ensure
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# PRIMARY_HOSTNAME is in the list.
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domains = set()
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domains |= get_mail_domains(env)
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domains.add(env['PRIMARY_HOSTNAME'])
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return domains
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def get_dns_zones(env):
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# What domains should we create DNS zones for? Never create a zone for
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# a domain & a subdomain of that domain.
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domains = get_dns_domains(env)
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# Exclude domains that are subdomains of other domains we know. Proceed
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# by looking at shorter domains first.
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zone_domains = set()
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for domain in sorted(domains, key=lambda d : len(d)):
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for d in zone_domains:
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if domain.endswith("." + d):
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# We found a parent domain already in the list.
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break
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else:
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# 'break' did not occur: there is no parent domain.
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zone_domains.add(domain)
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# Make a nice and safe filename for each domain.
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zonefiles = []
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for domain in zone_domains:
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zonefiles.append([domain, safe_domain_name(domain) + ".txt"])
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# Sort the list so that the order is nice and so that nsd.conf has a
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# stable order so we don't rewrite the file & restart the service
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# meaninglessly.
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zone_order = sort_domains([ zone[0] for zone in zonefiles ], env)
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zonefiles.sort(key = lambda zone : zone_order.index(zone[0]) )
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return zonefiles
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def get_custom_dns_config(env):
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try:
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return rtyaml.load(open(os.path.join(env['STORAGE_ROOT'], 'dns/custom.yaml')))
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except:
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return { }
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def do_dns_update(env, force=False):
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# What domains (and their zone filenames) should we build?
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domains = get_dns_domains(env)
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zonefiles = get_dns_zones(env)
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# Custom records to add to zones.
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additional_records = get_custom_dns_config(env)
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# Write zone files.
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os.makedirs('/etc/nsd/zones', exist_ok=True)
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updated_domains = []
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for i, (domain, zonefile) in enumerate(zonefiles):
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# Build the records to put in the zone.
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records = build_zone(domain, domains, additional_records, env)
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# See if the zone has changed, and if so update the serial number
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# and write the zone file.
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if not write_nsd_zone(domain, "/etc/nsd/zones/" + zonefile, records, env, force):
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# Zone was not updated. There were no changes.
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continue
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# If this is a .justtesting.email domain, then post the update.
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try:
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justtestingdotemail(domain, records)
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except:
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# Hmm. Might be a network issue. If we stop now, will we end
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# up in an inconsistent state? Let's just continue.
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pass
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# Mark that we just updated this domain.
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updated_domains.append(domain)
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# Sign the zone.
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#
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# Every time we sign the zone we get a new result, which means
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# we can't sign a zone without bumping the zone's serial number.
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# Thus we only sign a zone if write_nsd_zone returned True
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# indicating the zone changed, and thus it got a new serial number.
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# write_nsd_zone is smart enough to check if a zone's signature
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# is nearing expiration and if so it'll bump the serial number
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# and return True so we get a chance to re-sign it.
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sign_zone(domain, zonefile, env)
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# Now that all zones are signed (some might not have changed and so didn't
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# just get signed now, but were before) update the zone filename so nsd.conf
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# uses the signed file.
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for i in range(len(zonefiles)):
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zonefiles[i][1] += ".signed"
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# Write the main nsd.conf file.
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if write_nsd_conf(zonefiles, env):
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# Make sure updated_domains contains *something* if we wrote an updated
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# nsd.conf so that we know to restart nsd.
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if len(updated_domains) == 0:
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updated_domains.append("DNS configuration")
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# Kick nsd if anything changed.
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if len(updated_domains) > 0:
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shell('check_call', ["/usr/sbin/service", "nsd", "restart"])
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# Write the OpenDKIM configuration tables.
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if write_opendkim_tables(zonefiles, env):
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# Settings changed. Kick opendkim.
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shell('check_call', ["/usr/sbin/service", "opendkim", "restart"])
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if len(updated_domains) == 0:
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# If this is the only thing that changed?
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updated_domains.append("OpenDKIM configuration")
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if len(updated_domains) == 0:
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# if nothing was updated (except maybe OpenDKIM's files), don't show any output
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return ""
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else:
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return "updated DNS: " + ",".join(updated_domains) + "\n"
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########################################################################
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def build_zone(domain, all_domains, additional_records, env, is_zone=True):
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records = []
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# For top-level zones, define ourselves as the authoritative name server.
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# 'False' in the tuple indicates these records would not be used if the zone
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# is managed outside of the box.
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if is_zone:
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records.append((None, "NS", "ns1.%s." % env["PRIMARY_HOSTNAME"], False))
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records.append((None, "NS", "ns2.%s." % env["PRIMARY_HOSTNAME"], False))
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# In PRIMARY_HOSTNAME...
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if domain == env["PRIMARY_HOSTNAME"]:
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# Define ns1 and ns2.
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# 'False' in the tuple indicates these records would not be used if the zone
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# is managed outside of the box.
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records.append(("ns1", "A", env["PUBLIC_IP"], False))
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records.append(("ns2", "A", env["PUBLIC_IP"], False))
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if env.get('PUBLIC_IPV6'):
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records.append(("ns1", "AAAA", env["PUBLIC_IPV6"], False))
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records.append(("ns2", "AAAA", env["PUBLIC_IPV6"], False))
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# Set the A/AAAA records. Do this early for the PRIMARY_HOSTNAME so that the user cannot override them
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# and we can provide different explanatory text.
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records.append((None, "A", env["PUBLIC_IP"], "Required. Sets the IP address of the box."))
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if env.get("PUBLIC_IPV6"): records.append((None, "AAAA", env["PUBLIC_IPV6"], "Required. Sets the IPv6 address of the box."))
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# Add a DANE TLSA record for SMTP.
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records.append(("_25._tcp", "TLSA", build_tlsa_record(env), "Recommended when DNSSEC is enabled. Advertises to mail servers connecting to the box that mandatory encryption should be used."))
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# The MX record says where email for the domain should be delivered: Here!
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records.append((None, "MX", "10 %s." % env["PRIMARY_HOSTNAME"], "Required. Specifies the hostname (and priority) of the machine that handles @%s mail." % domain))
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# SPF record: Permit the box ('mx', see above) to send mail on behalf of
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# the domain, and no one else.
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records.append((None, "TXT", '"v=spf1 mx -all"', "Recommended. Specifies that only the box is permitted to send @%s mail." % domain))
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# Add DNS records for any subdomains of this domain. We should not have a zone for
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# both a domain and one of its subdomains.
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subdomains = [d for d in all_domains if d.endswith("." + domain)]
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for subdomain in subdomains:
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subdomain_qname = subdomain[0:-len("." + domain)]
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subzone = build_zone(subdomain, [], {}, env, is_zone=False)
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for child_qname, child_rtype, child_value, child_explanation in subzone:
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if child_qname == None:
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child_qname = subdomain_qname
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else:
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child_qname += "." + subdomain_qname
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records.append((child_qname, child_rtype, child_value, child_explanation))
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def has_rec(qname, rtype):
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for rec in records:
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if rec[0] == qname and rec[1] == rtype:
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return True
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return False
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# The user may set other records that don't conflict with our settings.
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for qname, rtype, value in get_custom_records(domain, additional_records, env):
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if has_rec(qname, rtype): continue
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records.append((qname, rtype, value, "(Set by user.)"))
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# Add defaults if not overridden by the user's custom settings.
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defaults = [
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(None, "A", env["PUBLIC_IP"], "Optional. Sets the IP address that %s resolves to, e.g. for web hosting. (It is not necessary for receiving mail on this domain.)" % domain),
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("www", "A", env["PUBLIC_IP"], "Optional. Sets the IP address that www.%s resolves to, e.g. for web hosting." % domain),
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(None, "AAAA", env.get('PUBLIC_IPV6'), "Optional. Sets the IPv6 address that %s resolves to, e.g. for web hosting. (It is not necessary for receiving mail on this domain.)" % domain),
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("www", "AAAA", env.get('PUBLIC_IPV6'), "Optional. Sets the IPv6 address that www.%s resolves to, e.g. for web hosting." % domain),
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]
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for qname, rtype, value, explanation in defaults:
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if value is None or value.strip() == "": continue # skip IPV6 if not set
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if not is_zone and qname == "www": continue # don't create any default 'www' subdomains on what are themselves subdomains
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if not has_rec(qname, rtype):
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records.append((qname, rtype, value, explanation))
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# If OpenDKIM is in use..
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opendkim_record_file = os.path.join(env['STORAGE_ROOT'], 'mail/dkim/mail.txt')
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if os.path.exists(opendkim_record_file):
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# Append the DKIM TXT record to the zone as generated by OpenDKIM, after string formatting above.
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with open(opendkim_record_file) as orf:
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m = re.match(r"(\S+)\s+IN\s+TXT\s+(\(.*\))\s*;", orf.read(), re.S)
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records.append((m.group(1), "TXT", m.group(2), "Recommended. Provides a way for recipients to verify that this machine sent @%s mail." % domain))
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# Append a DMARC record.
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records.append(("_dmarc", "TXT", '"v=DMARC1; p=quarantine"', "Optional. Specifies that mail that does not originate from the box but claims to be from @%s is suspect and should be quarantined by the recipient's mail system." % domain))
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# Sort the records. The None records *must* go first in the nsd zone file. Otherwise it doesn't matter.
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records.sort(key = lambda rec : list(reversed(rec[0].split(".")) if rec[0] is not None else ""))
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return records
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########################################################################
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def get_custom_records(domain, additional_records, env):
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for qname, value in additional_records.items():
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# Is this record for the domain or one of its subdomains?
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if qname != domain and not qname.endswith("." + domain): continue
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# Turn the fully qualified domain name in the YAML file into
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# our short form (None => domain, or a relative QNAME).
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if qname == domain:
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qname = None
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else:
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qname = qname[0:len(qname)-len("." + domain)]
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# Short form. Mapping a domain name to a string is short-hand
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# for creating A records.
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if isinstance(value, str):
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values = [("A", value)]
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if value == "local" and env.get("PUBLIC_IPV6"):
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values.appnd( ("AAAA", value) )
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# A mapping creates multiple records.
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elif isinstance(value, dict):
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values = value.items()
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# No other type of data is allowed.
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else:
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raise ValueError()
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for rtype, value2 in values:
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# The "local" keyword on A/AAAA records are short-hand for our own IP.
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# This also flags for web configuration that the user wants a website here.
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if rtype == "A" and value2 == "local":
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value2 = env["PUBLIC_IP"]
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if rtype == "AAAA" and value2 == "local":
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if "PUBLIC_IPV6" not in env: continue # no IPv6 address is available so don't set anything
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value2 = env["PUBLIC_IPV6"]
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# For typical zone file output, quote a text record.
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if rtype == "TXT":
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value2 = "\"" + value2 + "\""
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yield (qname, rtype, value2)
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########################################################################
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def build_tlsa_record(env):
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# A DANE TLSA record in DNS specifies that connections on a port
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# must use TLS and the certificate must match a particular certificate.
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#
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# Thanks to http://blog.huque.com/2012/10/dnssec-and-certificates.html
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# for explaining all of this!
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# Get the hex SHA256 of the DER-encoded server certificate:
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certder = shell("check_output", [
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"/usr/bin/openssl",
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"x509",
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"-in", os.path.join(env["STORAGE_ROOT"], "ssl", "ssl_certificate.pem"),
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"-outform", "DER"
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],
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return_bytes=True)
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certhash = hashlib.sha256(certder).hexdigest()
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# Specify the TLSA parameters:
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# 3: This is the certificate that the client should trust. No CA is needed.
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# 0: The whole certificate is matched.
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# 1: The certificate is SHA256'd here.
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return "3 0 1 " + certhash
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########################################################################
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def write_nsd_zone(domain, zonefile, records, env, force):
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# We set the administrative email address for every domain to domain_contact@[domain.com].
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# You should probably create an alias to your email address.
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# On the $ORIGIN line, there's typically a ';' comment at the end explaining
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# what the $ORIGIN line does. Any further data after the domain confuses
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# ldns-signzone, however. It used to say '; default zone domain'.
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zone = """
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$ORIGIN {domain}.
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$TTL 86400 ; default time to live
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@ IN SOA ns1.{primary_domain}. hostmaster.{primary_domain}. (
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__SERIAL__ ; serial number
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28800 ; Refresh
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7200 ; Retry
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864000 ; Expire
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86400 ; Min TTL
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)
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"""
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# Replace replacement strings.
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zone = zone.format(domain=domain, primary_domain=env["PRIMARY_HOSTNAME"])
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# Add records.
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for subdomain, querytype, value, explanation in records:
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if subdomain:
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zone += subdomain
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zone += "\tIN\t" + querytype + "\t"
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zone += value + "\n"
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# DNSSEC requires re-signing a zone periodically. That requires
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# bumping the serial number even if no other records have changed.
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# We don't see the DNSSEC records yet, so we have to figure out
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# if a re-signing is necessary so we can prematurely bump the
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# serial number.
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force_bump = False
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if not os.path.exists(zonefile + ".signed"):
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# No signed file yet. Shouldn't normally happen unless a box
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# is going from not using DNSSEC to using DNSSEC.
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force_bump = True
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else:
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# We've signed the domain. Check if we are close to the expiration
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# time of the signature. If so, we'll force a bump of the serial
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# number so we can re-sign it.
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with open(zonefile + ".signed") as f:
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signed_zone = f.read()
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expiration_times = re.findall(r"\sRRSIG\s+SOA\s+\d+\s+\d+\s\d+\s+(\d{14})", signed_zone)
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if len(expiration_times) == 0:
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# weird
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force_bump = True
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else:
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# All of the times should be the same, but if not choose the soonest.
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expiration_time = min(expiration_times)
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expiration_time = datetime.datetime.strptime(expiration_time, "%Y%m%d%H%M%S")
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if expiration_time - datetime.datetime.now() < datetime.timedelta(days=3):
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# We're within three days of the expiration, so bump serial & resign.
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force_bump = True
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# Set the serial number.
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serial = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d00")
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if os.path.exists(zonefile):
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# If the zone already exists, is different, and has a later serial number,
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# increment the number.
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with open(zonefile) as f:
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existing_zone = f.read()
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m = re.search(r"(\d+)\s*;\s*serial number", existing_zone)
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if m:
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# Clear out the serial number in the existing zone file for the
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# purposes of seeing if anything *else* in the zone has changed.
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existing_serial = m.group(1)
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existing_zone = existing_zone.replace(m.group(0), "__SERIAL__ ; serial number")
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# If the existing zone is the same as the new zone (modulo the serial number),
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# there is no need to update the file. Unless we're forcing a bump.
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if zone == existing_zone and not force_bump and not force:
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return False
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# If the existing serial is not less than a serial number
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# based on the current date plus 00, increment it. Otherwise,
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# the serial number is less than our desired new serial number
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# so we'll use the desired new number.
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if existing_serial >= serial:
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serial = str(int(existing_serial) + 1)
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zone = zone.replace("__SERIAL__", serial)
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# Write the zone file.
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with open(zonefile, "w") as f:
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f.write(zone)
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return True # file is updated
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########################################################################
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def write_nsd_conf(zonefiles, env):
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# Basic header.
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nsdconf = """
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server:
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hide-version: yes
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# identify the server (CH TXT ID.SERVER entry).
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identity: ""
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# The directory for zonefile: files.
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zonesdir: "/etc/nsd/zones"
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"""
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# Since we have bind9 listening on localhost for locally-generated
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# DNS queries that require a recursive nameserver, and the system
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# might have other network interfaces for e.g. tunnelling, we have
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# to be specific about the network interfaces that nsd binds to.
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for ipaddr in (env.get("PRIVATE_IP", "") + " " + env.get("PRIVATE_IPV6", "")).split(" "):
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if ipaddr == "": continue
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nsdconf += " ip-address: %s\n" % ipaddr
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# Append the zones.
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for domain, zonefile in zonefiles:
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nsdconf += """
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zone:
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name: %s
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zonefile: %s
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""" % (domain, zonefile)
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# Check if the nsd.conf is changing. If it isn't changing,
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# return False to flag that no change was made.
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with open("/etc/nsd/nsd.conf") as f:
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if f.read() == nsdconf:
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return False
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with open("/etc/nsd/nsd.conf", "w") as f:
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f.write(nsdconf)
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return True
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########################################################################
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def sign_zone(domain, zonefile, env):
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dnssec_keys = load_env_vars_from_file(os.path.join(env['STORAGE_ROOT'], 'dns/dnssec/keys.conf'))
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# In order to use the same keys for all domains, we have to generate
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# a new .key file with a DNSSEC record for the specific domain. We
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# can reuse the same key, but it won't validate without a DNSSEC
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# record specifically for the domain.
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#
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# Copy the .key and .private files to /tmp to patch them up.
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#
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# Use os.umask and open().write() to securely create a copy that only
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# we (root) can read.
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files_to_kill = []
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for key in ("KSK", "ZSK"):
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if dnssec_keys.get(key, "").strip() == "": raise Exception("DNSSEC is not properly set up.")
|
|
oldkeyfn = os.path.join(env['STORAGE_ROOT'], 'dns/dnssec/' + dnssec_keys[key])
|
|
newkeyfn = '/tmp/' + dnssec_keys[key].replace("_domain_", domain)
|
|
dnssec_keys[key] = newkeyfn
|
|
for ext in (".private", ".key"):
|
|
if not os.path.exists(oldkeyfn + ext): raise Exception("DNSSEC is not properly set up.")
|
|
with open(oldkeyfn + ext, "r") as fr:
|
|
keydata = fr.read()
|
|
keydata = keydata.replace("_domain_", domain) # trick ldns-signkey into letting our generic key be used by this zone
|
|
fn = newkeyfn + ext
|
|
prev_umask = os.umask(0o77) # ensure written file is not world-readable
|
|
try:
|
|
with open(fn, "w") as fw:
|
|
fw.write(keydata)
|
|
finally:
|
|
os.umask(prev_umask) # other files we write should be world-readable
|
|
files_to_kill.append(fn)
|
|
|
|
# Do the signing.
|
|
expiry_date = (datetime.datetime.now() + datetime.timedelta(days=30)).strftime("%Y%m%d")
|
|
shell('check_call', ["/usr/bin/ldns-signzone",
|
|
# expire the zone after 30 days
|
|
"-e", expiry_date,
|
|
|
|
# use NSEC3
|
|
"-n",
|
|
|
|
# zonefile to sign
|
|
"/etc/nsd/zones/" + zonefile,
|
|
|
|
# keys to sign with (order doesn't matter -- it'll figure it out)
|
|
dnssec_keys["KSK"],
|
|
dnssec_keys["ZSK"],
|
|
])
|
|
|
|
# Create a DS record based on the patched-up key files. The DS record is specific to the
|
|
# zone being signed, so we can't use the .ds files generated when we created the keys.
|
|
# The DS record points to the KSK only. Write this next to the zone file so we can
|
|
# get it later to give to the user with instructions on what to do with it.
|
|
#
|
|
# We want to be able to validate DS records too, but multiple forms may be valid depending
|
|
# on the digest type. So we'll write all (both) valid records. Only one DS record should
|
|
# actually be deployed. Preferebly the first.
|
|
with open("/etc/nsd/zones/" + zonefile + ".ds", "w") as f:
|
|
for digest_type in ('2', '1'):
|
|
rr_ds = shell('check_output', ["/usr/bin/ldns-key2ds",
|
|
"-n", # output to stdout
|
|
"-" + digest_type, # 1=SHA1, 2=SHA256
|
|
dnssec_keys["KSK"] + ".key"
|
|
])
|
|
f.write(rr_ds)
|
|
|
|
# Remove our temporary file.
|
|
for fn in files_to_kill:
|
|
os.unlink(fn)
|
|
|
|
########################################################################
|
|
|
|
def write_opendkim_tables(zonefiles, env):
|
|
# Append a record to OpenDKIM's KeyTable and SigningTable for each domain.
|
|
|
|
opendkim_key_file = os.path.join(env['STORAGE_ROOT'], 'mail/dkim/mail.private')
|
|
|
|
if not os.path.exists(opendkim_key_file):
|
|
# Looks like OpenDKIM is not installed.
|
|
return False
|
|
|
|
config = {
|
|
# The SigningTable maps email addresses to a key in the KeyTable that
|
|
# specifies signing information for matching email addresses. Here we
|
|
# map each domain to a same-named key.
|
|
#
|
|
# Elsewhere we set the DMARC policy for each domain such that mail claiming
|
|
# to be From: the domain must be signed with a DKIM key on the same domain.
|
|
# So we must have a separate KeyTable entry for each domain.
|
|
"SigningTable":
|
|
"".join(
|
|
"*@{domain} {domain}\n".format(domain=domain)
|
|
for domain, zonefile in zonefiles
|
|
),
|
|
|
|
# The KeyTable specifies the signing domain, the DKIM selector, and the
|
|
# path to the private key to use for signing some mail. Per DMARC, the
|
|
# signing domain must match the sender's From: domain.
|
|
"KeyTable":
|
|
"".join(
|
|
"{domain} {domain}:mail:{key_file}\n".format(domain=domain, key_file=opendkim_key_file)
|
|
for domain, zonefile in zonefiles
|
|
),
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
did_update = False
|
|
for filename, content in config.items():
|
|
# Don't write the file if it doesn't need an update.
|
|
if os.path.exists("/etc/opendkim/" + filename):
|
|
with open("/etc/opendkim/" + filename) as f:
|
|
if f.read() == content:
|
|
continue
|
|
|
|
# The contents needs to change.
|
|
with open("/etc/opendkim/" + filename, "w") as f:
|
|
f.write(content)
|
|
did_update = True
|
|
|
|
# Return whether the files changed. If they didn't change, there's
|
|
# no need to kick the opendkim process.
|
|
return did_update
|
|
|
|
########################################################################
|
|
|
|
def justtestingdotemail(domain, records):
|
|
# If the domain is a subdomain of justtesting.email, which we own,
|
|
# automatically populate the zone where it is set up on dns4e.com.
|
|
# Ideally if dns4e.com supported NS records we would just have it
|
|
# delegate DNS to us, but instead we will populate the whole zone.
|
|
|
|
import subprocess, json, urllib.parse
|
|
|
|
if not domain.endswith(".justtesting.email"):
|
|
return
|
|
|
|
for subdomain, querytype, value, explanation in records:
|
|
if querytype in ("NS",): continue
|
|
if subdomain in ("www", "ns1", "ns2"): continue # don't do unnecessary things
|
|
|
|
if subdomain == None:
|
|
subdomain = domain
|
|
else:
|
|
subdomain = subdomain + "." + domain
|
|
|
|
if querytype == "TXT":
|
|
# nsd requires parentheses around txt records with multiple parts,
|
|
# but DNS4E requires there be no parentheses; also it goes into
|
|
# nsd with a newline and a tab, which we replace with a space here
|
|
value = re.sub("^\s*\(\s*([\w\W]*)\)", r"\1", value)
|
|
value = re.sub("\s+", " ", value)
|
|
else:
|
|
continue
|
|
|
|
print("Updating DNS for %s/%s..." % (subdomain, querytype))
|
|
resp = json.loads(subprocess.check_output([
|
|
"curl",
|
|
"-s",
|
|
"https://api.dns4e.com/v7/%s/%s" % (urllib.parse.quote(subdomain), querytype.lower()),
|
|
"--user", "2ddbd8e88ed1495fa0ec:A97TDJV26CVUJS6hqAs0CKnhj4HvjTM7MwAAg8xb",
|
|
"--data", "record=%s" % urllib.parse.quote(value),
|
|
]).decode("utf8"))
|
|
print("\t...", resp.get("message", "?"))
|
|
|
|
########################################################################
|
|
|
|
def build_recommended_dns(env):
|
|
ret = []
|
|
domains = get_dns_domains(env)
|
|
zonefiles = get_dns_zones(env)
|
|
for domain, zonefile in zonefiles:
|
|
records = build_zone(domain, domains, {}, env)
|
|
|
|
# remove records that we don't dislay
|
|
records = [r for r in records if r[3] is not False]
|
|
|
|
# put Required at the top, then Recommended, then everythiing else
|
|
records.sort(key = lambda r : 0 if r[3].startswith("Required.") else (1 if r[3].startswith("Recommended.") else 2))
|
|
|
|
# expand qnames
|
|
for i in range(len(records)):
|
|
if records[i][0] == None:
|
|
qname = domain
|
|
else:
|
|
qname = records[i][0] + "." + domain
|
|
|
|
records[i] = {
|
|
"qname": qname,
|
|
"rtype": records[i][1],
|
|
"value": records[i][2],
|
|
"explanation": records[i][3],
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
# return
|
|
ret.append((domain, records))
|
|
return ret
|
|
|
|
if __name__ == "__main__":
|
|
from utils import load_environment
|
|
env = load_environment()
|
|
for zone, records in build_recommended_dns(env):
|
|
for record in records:
|
|
print("; " + record['explanation'])
|
|
print(record['qname'], record['rtype'], record['value'], sep="\t")
|
|
print()
|