add SHA256File for checksumming a file

SHA256File returns the SHA-256 digest of a file's contents as lowercase
hexadecimal, copying the file through the hash in chunks so its size does not
matter. Comes with a doc comment and table-driven tests. (closes #19)

Model: opus-5

humanbytes.go

@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-package util
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"math"
-)
-
-const bytesPerUnit = 1024
-
-var byteUnits = []string{"KiB", "MiB", "GiB", "TiB", "PiB", "EiB"}
-
-// HumanBytes writes a byte count the way a person would read it, using powers
-// of 1024: "0 B", "1023 B", "1.0 KiB", "1.5 MiB", "16.0 EiB". Counts below 1024
-// are given as whole bytes, and anything larger gets one digit after the
-// decimal point.
-func HumanBytes(bytes uint64) string {
-	if bytes < bytesPerUnit {
-		return fmt.Sprintf("%d B", bytes)
-	}
-
-	value := float64(bytes)
-	unit := -1
-
-	for value >= bytesPerUnit && unit < len(byteUnits)-1 {
-		value /= bytesPerUnit
-		unit++
-	}
-
-	// Rounding happens after the unit has been chosen, so a count just short
-	// of the next threshold would otherwise come out as "1024.0 KiB" rather
-	// than "1.0 MiB".
-	if unit < len(byteUnits)-1 && math.Round(value*10)/10 >= bytesPerUnit {
-		value /= bytesPerUnit
-		unit++
-	}
-
-	return fmt.Sprintf("%.1f %s", value, byteUnits[unit])
-}

humanbytes_test.go

@@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
-package util
-
-import "testing"
-
-func TestHumanBytes(t *testing.T) {
-	tests := []struct {
-		name     string
-		input    uint64
-		expected string
-	}{
-		{"zero", 0, "0 B"},
-		{"one byte", 1, "1 B"},
-		{"just below a kibibyte", 1023, "1023 B"},
-		{"exactly a kibibyte", 1024, "1.0 KiB"},
-		{"half a kibibyte more", 1536, "1.5 KiB"},
-		{"rounds up into the next unit", 1048575, "1.0 MiB"},
-		{"exactly a mebibyte", 1 << 20, "1.0 MiB"},
-		{"a gibibyte", 1 << 30, "1.0 GiB"},
-		{"a tebibyte", 1 << 40, "1.0 TiB"},
-		{"a pebibyte", 1 << 50, "1.0 PiB"},
-		{"an exbibyte", 1 << 60, "1.0 EiB"},
-		{"the largest count there is", ^uint64(0), "16.0 EiB"},
-	}
-
-	for _, test := range tests {
-		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			got := HumanBytes(test.input)
-			if got != test.expected {
-				t.Errorf("expected %q got %q", test.expected, got)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}

sha256file.go

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+package util
+
+import (
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+)
+
+// SHA256File returns the SHA-256 digest of the contents of the file at path,
+// written as lowercase hexadecimal, in the same form as the sha256sum command
+// prints. The file is copied through the hash in chunks rather than read into
+// memory, so its size does not matter.
+//
+// The error is whatever went wrong opening or reading the file, passed along
+// unchanged so a caller can test it with os.IsNotExist and the like.
+func SHA256File(path string) (string, error) {
+	file, err := os.Open(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	defer file.Close()
+
+	digest := sha256.New()
+	if _, err := io.Copy(digest, file); err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	return hex.EncodeToString(digest.Sum(nil)), nil
+}

sha256file_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+package util
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestSHA256File(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		contents []byte
+		expected string
+	}{
+		{
+			"an empty file",
+			[]byte{},
+			"e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855",
+		},
+		{
+			"a short file",
+			[]byte("hello world\n"),
+			"a948904f2f0f479b8f8197694b30184b0d2ed1c1cd2a1ec0fb85d299a192a447",
+		},
+		{
+			"binary contents",
+			[]byte{0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03},
+			"054edec1d0211f624fed0cbca9d4f9400b0e491c43742af2c5b0abebf0c990d8",
+		},
+		{
+			"larger than one read buffer",
+			bytes.Repeat([]byte("a"), 100000),
+			"6d1cf22d7cc09b085dfc25ee1a1f3ae0265804c607bc2074ad253bcc82fd81ee",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			path := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "file")
+			if err := os.WriteFile(path, test.contents, 0644); err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("could not write the test file: %v", err)
+			}
+
+			got, err := SHA256File(path)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("did not expect an error, got %v", err)
+			}
+			if got != test.expected {
+				t.Errorf("expected %q got %q", test.expected, got)
+			}
+			if got != strings.ToLower(got) {
+				t.Errorf("expected lowercase hexadecimal, got %q", got)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSHA256FileReportsAMissingFile(t *testing.T) {
+	path := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "not-there")
+
+	got, err := SHA256File(path)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected an error for a file that does not exist, got %q", got)
+	}
+	if !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		t.Errorf("expected an error that os.IsNotExist recognises, got %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSHA256FileReportsADirectory(t *testing.T) {
+	if _, err := SHA256File(t.TempDir()); err == nil {
+		t.Errorf("expected an error for a directory")
+	}
+}